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Tang Y, Lei Y, Gao P, Jia J, Du H, Wang Q, Yan Z, Zhang C, Liang G, Wang Y, Ma W, Xing N, Cheng L, Ren L. Pan-cancer analysis and experimental validation of DTL as a potential diagnosis, prognosis and immunotherapy biomarker. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:328. [PMID: 37038185 PMCID: PMC10088150 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10755-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DTL has been found to be related with multiple cancers. However, comprehensive analyses, which identify the prediction value of DTL in diagnosis, prognosis, immune infiltration and treatment, have rarely been reported so far. METHODS Combined with the data online databases, the gene expression, gene mutation, function enrichment and the correlations with the immunity status and clinical indexes of DTL were analyzed. Expression of DTL and the degree of immune cell infiltration were examined by immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed by statistical analysis. Furthermore, the influences of DTL on the cell cycle, cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by live cell imaging, IF and flow cytometric (FC) analysis. Genomic stability assays were conducted by chromosome slide preparation. RESULTS DTL was widely expressed in various cells and tissues, while it was overexpressed in tumor tissues except acute myeloid leukemia (LAML). Pan-cancer bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of DTL was correlated with the prognosis, immunotherapy, and clinical indexes in various cancers. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) uncovered that DTL was enriched in oocyte meiosis, pyrimidine metabolism, the cell cycle, the G2M checkpoint, mTORC1 signaling and E2F targets. Furthermore, the overexpression of DTL, and its association with immune cell infiltration and clinical indexes in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) were verified in our study. It was also verified that overexpression of DTL could regulate the cell cycle, promote cell proliferation and cause genomic instability in cultured cells, which may be the reason why DTL plays a role in the occurrence, progression and treatment of cancer. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this study suggested that DTL is of clinical value in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of various cancers, and may be a potential biomarker in certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671000, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
- Shanxi Keda Research Institute, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Ye Lei
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, P.R. China
| | - Junting Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Huijun Du
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, P.R. China
| | - Qitong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671000, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Yan
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Liang
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Ma
- Shanxi Beike Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Taiyuan, 030000, P.R. China
| | - Nianzeng Xing
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P.R. China.
- Department of Urology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China.
| | - Le Cheng
- BGI-Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650106, P.R. China.
| | - Laifeng Ren
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyaun, 030000, P.R. China.
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Abstract
Although hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow are in a state of quiescence, they harbor the self-renewal capacity and the pluripotency to differentiate into mature blood cells when needed, which is key to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis. Importantly, HSCs are characterized by their long lifespan ( e. g., up to 60 months for mice), display characteristics of aging, and are vulnerable to various endogenous and exogenous genotoxic stresses. Generally, DNA damage in HSCs is endogenous, which is typically induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), aldehydes, and replication stress. Mammalian cells have evolved a complex and efficient DNA repair system to cope with various DNA lesions to maintain genomic stability. The repair machinery for DNA damage in HSCs has its own characteristics. For instance, the Fanconi anemia (FA)/BRCA pathway is particularly important for the hematopoietic system, as it can limit the damage caused by DNA inter-strand crosslinks, oxidative stress, and replication stress to HSCs to prevent FA occurrence. In addition, HSCs prefer to utilize the classical non-homologous end-joining pathway, which is essential for the V(D)J rearrangement in developing lymphocytes and is involved in double-strand break repair to maintain genomic stability in the long-term quiescent state. In contrast, the base excision repair pathway is less involved in the hematopoietic system. In this review, we summarize the impact of various types of DNA damage on HSC function and review our knowledge of the corresponding repair mechanisms and related human genetic diseases.
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Neri S, Guidotti S, Bini C, Pelotti S, D'Adamo S, Minguzzi M, Platano D, Santi S, Mariani E, Cattini L, Borzì RM. Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and repair in primary human osteoarthritis chondrocytes: focus on IKKα and the DNA Mismatch Repair System. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:212-225. [PMID: 33636333 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During osteoarthritis development, chondrocytes are subjected to a functional derangement. This increases their susceptibility to stressful conditions such as oxidative stress, a characteristic of the aging tissue, which can further provoke extrinsic senescence by DNA damage responses. It was previously observed that IκB kinase α knockdown increases the replicative potential of primary human OA chondrocytes cultured in monolayer and the survival of the same cells undergoing hypertrophic-like differentiation in 3-D. In this paper we investigated whether IKKα knockdown could modulate oxidative stress-induced senescence of OA chondrocytes undergoing a DDR and particularly the involvement in this process of the DNA mismatch repair system, the principal mechanism for repair of replicative and recombinational errors, devoted to genomic stability maintenance in actively replicating cells. This repair system is also implicated in oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage repair. We analyzed microsatellite instability and expression of the mismatch repair components in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes after IKKα knockdown and H2O2 exposure. Only low MSI levels and incidence were detected and exclusively in IKKα proficient cells. Moreover, we found that IKKα proficient and deficient chondrocytes differently regulated MMR proteins after oxidative stress, both at mRNA and protein level, suggesting a reduced susceptibility of IKKα deficient cells. Our data suggest an involvement of the MMR system in the response to oxidative stress that tends to be more efficient in IKKαKD cells. This argues for a partial contribution of the MMR system to the better ability to recover DNA damage already observed in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Neri
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Serena Guidotti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Carla Bini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, (DIMEC), Unit of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Susi Pelotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, (DIMEC), Unit of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefania D'Adamo
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Manuela Minguzzi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Daniela Platano
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Spartaco Santi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna at IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Erminia Mariani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Luca Cattini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Rosa Maria Borzì
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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D'Amico AM, Vasquez KM. The multifaceted roles of DNA repair and replication proteins in aging and obesity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 99:103049. [PMID: 33529944 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Efficient mechanisms for genomic maintenance (i.e., DNA repair and DNA replication) are crucial for cell survival. Aging and obesity can lead to the dysregulation of genomic maintenance proteins/pathways and are significant risk factors for the development of cancer, metabolic disorders, and other genetic diseases. Mutations in genes that code for proteins involved in DNA repair and DNA replication can also exacerbate aging- and obesity-related disorders and lead to the development of progeroid diseases. In this review, we will discuss the roles of various DNA repair and replication proteins in aging and obesity as well as investigate the possible mechanisms by which aging and obesity can lead to the dysregulation of these proteins and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M D'Amico
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
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5
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Patel R, Zhang L, Desai A, Hoenerhoff MJ, Kennedy LH, Radivoyevitch T, La Tessa C, Gerson SL, Welford SM. Protons and High-Linear Energy Transfer Radiation Induce Genetically Similar Lymphomas With High Penetrance in a Mouse Model of the Aging Human Hematopoietic System. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 108:1091-1102. [PMID: 32629081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Humans are exposed to charged particles in different scenarios. The use of protons and high-linear energy transfer (LET) in cancer treatment is steadily growing. In outer space, astronauts will be exposed to a mixed radiation field composed of both protons and heavy ions, in particularly the long-term space missions outside of earth's magnetosphere. Thus, understanding the radiobiology and transforming potential of these types of ionizing radiation are of paramount importance. METHODS AND MATERIALS We examined the effect of 10 or 100 cGy of whole-body doses of protons or 28Si ions on the hematopoietic system of a genetic model of aging based on recent studies that showed selective loss of the MLH1 protein in human hematopoietic stems with age. RESULTS We found that Mlh1 deficient animals are highly prone to develop lymphomas when exposed to either low doses of protons or 28Si ions. The lymphomas that develop are genetically indistinguishable, in spite of different types of damage elicited by low- and high-LET radiation. RNA sequencing analyses reveal similar gene expression patterns, similar numbers of altered genes, similar numbers of single nucleotide variants and insertions and deletions, and similar activation of known leukemogenic loci. CONCLUSIONS Although the incidence of malignancy is related to radiation quality, and increased due to loss of Mlh1, the phenotype of the tumors is independent of LET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Luchang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amar Desai
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mark J Hoenerhoff
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lucy H Kennedy
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tomas Radivoyevitch
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Chiara La Tessa
- University of Trento, Trento, Italy; Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications TIFPA-INFN, Trento, Italy
| | - Stanton L Gerson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Scott M Welford
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
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6
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DNA damage in aging, the stem cell perspective. Hum Genet 2019; 139:309-331. [PMID: 31324975 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage is one of the most consistent cellular process proposed to contribute to aging. The maintenance of genomic and epigenomic integrity is critical for proper function of cells and tissues throughout life, and this homeostasis is under constant strain from both extrinsic and intrinsic insults. Considering the relationship between lifespan and genotoxic burden, it is plausible that the longest-lived cellular populations would face an accumulation of DNA damage over time. Tissue-specific stem cells are multipotent populations residing in localized niches and are responsible for maintaining all lineages of their resident tissue/system throughout life. However, many of these stem cells are impacted by genotoxic stress. Several factors may dictate the specific stem cell population response to DNA damage, including the niche location, life history, and fate decisions after damage accrual. This leads to differential handling of DNA damage in different stem cell compartments. Given the importance of adult stem cells in preserving normal tissue function during an individual's lifetime, DNA damage sensitivity and accumulation in these compartments could have crucial implications for aging. Despite this, more support for direct functional effects driven by accumulated DNA damage in adult stem cell compartments is needed. This review will present current evidence for the accumulation and potential influence of DNA damage in adult tissue-specific stem cells and propose inquiry directions that could benefit individual healthspan.
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7
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Lian X, Dong Y, Zhao M, Liang Y, Jiang W, Li W, Zhang L. RNA-Seq analysis of differentially expressed genes relevant to mismatch repair in aging hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11401-11408. [PMID: 30805972 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We used RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology and an old hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) model in vitro to analyze differential expressions of mismatch repair (MMR)-related genes in aged HSPCs, so as to explore the mechanism of DNA MMR injury in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) aging. In this study, by combining RNA-seq data and National Center for Biotechnology Information database, we focus on six widely reported MMR genes MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, MLH1, PMS1, PMS2, and five MMR genes with closer ties to HSC aging Pcna, Exo1, Rpa1, Rpa2, and Rpa3 according to the genes functional classification and the related signaling pathway. It is concluded that MMR is closely related to HSC aging. This study provides experimental evidence for future researching MMR in HSC aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Lian
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongpin Dong
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yajie Liang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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8
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Mlh1 deficiency increases the risk of hematopoietic malignancy after simulated space radiation exposure. Leukemia 2018; 33:1135-1147. [PMID: 30275527 PMCID: PMC6443507 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-causing genome instability is a major concern during space travel due to exposure of astronauts to potent sources of high-linear energy transfer (LET) ionizing radiation. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are particularly susceptible to genotoxic stress, and accumulation of damage can lead to HSC dysfunction and oncogenesis. Our group recently demonstrated that aging human HSCs accumulate microsatellite instability coincident with loss of MLH1, a DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) protein, which could reasonably predispose to radiation-induced HSC malignancies. Therefore, in an effort to reduce risk uncertainty for cancer development during deep space travel, we employed an Mlh1+/− mouse model to study the effects high-LET 56Fe ion space-like radiation. Irradiated Mlh1+/− mice showed a significantly higher incidence of lymphomagenesis with 56Fe ions compared to γ-rays and unirradiated mice, and malignancy correlated with increased MSI in the tumors. In addition, whole exome sequencing analysis revealed high SNVs and INDELs in lymphomas being driven by loss of Mlh1 and frequently mutated genes had a strong correlation with human leukemias. Therefore, the data suggest that age-related MMR deficiencies could lead to HSC malignancies after space radiation, and that countermeasure strategies will be required to adequately protect the astronaut population on the journey to Mars.
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Patel R, Qing Y, Kennedy L, Yan Y, Pink J, Aguila B, Desai A, Gerson SL, Welford SM. MMR Deficiency Does Not Sensitize or Compromise the Function of Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Low and High LET Radiation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:513-520. [PMID: 29656536 PMCID: PMC6052615 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major health concerns on long-duration space missions will be radiation exposure to the astronauts. Outside the earth's magnetosphere, astronauts will be exposed to galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and solar particle events that are principally composed of protons and He, Ca, O, Ne, Si, Ca, and Fe nuclei. Protons are by far the most common species, but the higher atomic number particles are thought to be more damaging to biological systems. Evaluation and amelioration of risks from GCR exposure will be important for deep space travel. The hematopoietic system is one of the most radiation-sensitive organ systems, and is highly dependent on functional DNA repair pathways for survival. Recent results from our group have demonstrated an acquired deficiency in mismatch repair (MMR) in human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with age due to functional loss of the MLH1 protein, suggesting an additional risk to astronauts who may have significant numbers of MMR deficient HSCs at the time of space travel. In the present study, we investigated the effects gamma radiation, proton radiation, and 56 Fe radiation on HSC function in Mlh1+/+ and Mlh1-/- marrow from mice in a variety of assays and have determined that while cosmic radiation is a major risk to the hematopoietic system, there is no dependence on MMR capacity. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:513-520.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yulan Qing
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lucy Kennedy
- Unit for Laboratory and Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - John Pink
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Brittany Aguila
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Amar Desai
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stanton L Gerson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Center for Regenerative Medicine, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Scott M Welford
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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10
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Neri S, Guidotti S, Lilli NL, Cattini L, Mariani E. Infrapatellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stromal cells from osteoarthritis patients: In vitro genetic stability and replicative senescence. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:1029-1037. [PMID: 27334047 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Different sources of mesenchymal stromal cells can be considered for regenerative medicine applications. Here we analyzed human adipose-derived stromal cells from infrapatellar fat pad (IFPSC) of osteoarthritis patients, representing a very interesting candidate for cartilage regeneration. No data are available concerning IFPSC stability after in vitro expansion. Indeed, replicative potential and multipotency progressively decrease during culture passages while DNA damage and cell senescence increase, thus possibly affecting clinical applications. To investigate whether in vitro expansion influences the genetic stability and replicative senescence of IFPSC, we performed long-term cultures and comparatively analyzed cells at different culture passages. Stromal vascular fraction was harvested from infrapatellar fat pad of 11 osteoarthritis patients undergoing knee replacement surgery. Cell recovery, growth kinetics, surface marker profile, and differentiation ability in inductive culture conditions were recorded. Genetic integrity maintenance was estimated by microsatellite instability analysis and mismatch repair gene expression, whereas telomere length and telomerase activity were assessed to evaluate replicative senescence. Anchorage-dependent growth was tested by soft agar culture. IFPSC displayed a phenotype similar to mesenchymal stromal cells from subcutaneous fat and showed differentiation ability. No microsatellite instability was documented even at advanced culture times in accordance to a sustained expression of mismatch repair genes, thus highlighting stability of short repeated sequences in the genome. No significant telomere attrition nor telomerase activity were documented during culture and cells did not lose anchorage-dependent growth ability. The presented data support the suitability and safety of in vitro expanded IFPSC from osteoarthritis patients for applications in regenerative medicine approaches. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1029-1037, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Neri
- Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - Serena Guidotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Libera Lilli
- Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - Luca Cattini
- Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - Erminia Mariani
- Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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11
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Kenyon J, Nickel-Meester G, Qing Y, Santos-Guasch G, Drake E, PingfuFu, Sun S, Bai X, Wald D, Arts E, Gerson SL. Epigenetic Loss of MLH1 Expression in Normal Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Clones is Defined by the Promoter CpG Methylation Pattern Observed by High-Throughput Methylation Specific Sequencing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3. [PMID: 27570841 PMCID: PMC4996274 DOI: 10.23937/2469-570x/1410031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Normal human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPC) lose expression of MLH1, an important mismatch repair (MMR) pathway gene, with age. Loss of MMR leads to replication dependent mutational events and microsatellite instability observed in secondary acute myelogenous leukemia and other hematologic malignancies. Epigenetic CpG methylation upstream of the MLH1 promoter is a contributing factor to acquired loss of MLH1 expression in tumors of the epithelia and proximal mucosa. Using single molecule high-throughput bisulfite sequencing we have characterized the CpG methylation landscape from −938 to −337 bp upstream of the MLH1 transcriptional start site (position +0), from 30 hematopoietic colony forming cell clones (CFC) either expressing or not expressing MLH1. We identify a correlation between MLH1 promoter methylation and loss of MLH1 expression. Additionally, using the CpG site methylation frequencies obtained in this study we were able to generate a classification algorithm capable of sorting the expressing and non-expressing CFC. Thus, as has been previously described for many tumor cell types, we report for the first time a correlation between the loss of MLH1 expression and increased MLH1 promoter methylation in CFC derived from CD34+ selected hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kenyon
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Gabrielle Nickel-Meester
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Case School of Medicine and the Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yulan Qing
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Gabriela Santos-Guasch
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ellen Drake
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - PingfuFu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Shuying Sun
- Department of Mathematics, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Xiaodong Bai
- RNA Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - David Wald
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Eric Arts
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Case School of Medicine and the Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Stanton L Gerson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
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Dubrovina AS, Kiselev KV. Age-associated alterations in the somatic mutation and DNA methylation levels in plants. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:185-196. [PMID: 26211365 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Somatic mutations of the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA and alterations in DNA methylation levels in mammals are well known to play important roles in ageing and various diseases, yet their specific contributions await further investigation. For plants, it has also been proposed that unrepaired DNA damage and DNA polymerase errors accumulate in plant cells and lead to increased somatic mutation rate and alterations in transcription, which eventually contribute to plant ageing. A number of studies also show that DNA methylation levels vary depending on the age of plant tissue and chronological age of a whole plant. Recent studies reveal that prolonged cultivation of plant cells in vitro induces single nucleotide substitutions and increases global DNA methylation level in a time-dependent fashion. Changes in DNA methylation are known to influence DNA repair and can lead to altered mutation rates, and, therefore, it is interesting to investigate both the genetic and epigenetic integrity in relationship to ageing in plants. This review will summarise and discuss the current studies investigating somatic DNA mutation and DNA methylation levels in relation to plant ageing and senescence. The analysis has shown that there still remains a lack of clarity concerning plant biological ageing and the role of the genetic and epigenetic instabilities in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Dubrovina
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - K V Kiselev
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, The School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
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NF-κB-dependent DNA damage-signaling differentially regulates DNA double-strand break repair mechanisms in immature and mature human hematopoietic cells. Leukemia 2015; 29:1543-54. [PMID: 25652738 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), that is, the cell population giving rise not only to all mature hematopoietic lineages but also the presumed target for leukemic transformation, can transmit (adverse) genetic events, such as are acquired from chemotherapy or ionizing radiation. Data on the repair of DNA double-strand-breaks (DSB) and its accuracy in HSPC are scarce, in part contradictory, and mostly obtained in murine models. We explored the activity, quality and molecular components of DSB repair in human HSPC as compared with mature peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). To consider chemotherapy/radiation-induced compensatory proliferation, we established cycling HSPC cultures. Comparison of pathway-specific repair activities using reporter systems revealed that HSPC were severely compromised in non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination but not microhomology-mediated end joining. We observed a more pronounced radiation-induced accumulation of nuclear 53BP1 in HSPC relative to PBL, despite evidence for comparable DSB formation from cytogenetic analysis and γH2AX signal quantification, supporting differential pathway usage. Functional screening excluded a major influence of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH-kinase (ATM/ATR/DNA-PK)- and p53-signaling as well as chromatin remodeling. We identified diminished NF-κB signaling as the molecular component underlying the observed differences between HSPC and PBL, limiting the expression of DSB repair genes and bearing the risk of an inaccurate repair.
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Chromosome instability underlies hematopoietic stem cell dysfunction and lymphoid neoplasia associated with impaired Fbw7-mediated cyclin E regulation. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:3244-58. [PMID: 24958101 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01528-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fbw7 ubiquitin ligase critically regulates hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function, though the precise contribution of individual substrate ubiquitination pathways to HSC homeostasis is unknown. In the work reported here, we used a mouse model in which we introduced two knock-in mutations (T74A and T393A [changes of T to A at positions 74 and 393]) to disrupt Fbw7-dependent regulation of cyclin E, its prototypic substrate, and to examine the consequences of cyclin E dysregulation for HSC function. Serial transplantation revealed that cyclin E(T74A T393A) HSCs self-renewed normally; however, we identified defects in their multilineage reconstituting capacity. By inducing hematologic stress, we exposed an impaired self-renewal phenotype in cyclin E knock-in HSCs that was associated with defective cell cycle exit and the emergence of chromosome instability (CIN). Importantly, p53 deletion induced both defects in self-renewal and multilineage reconstitution in cyclin E knock-in HSCs with serial transplantation and CIN in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Moreover, CIN was a feature of fatal T-cell malignancies that ultimately developed in recipients of cyclin E(T74A T393A); p53-null HSCs. Together, our findings demonstrate the importance of Fbw7-dependent cyclin E control to the hematopoietic system and highlight CIN as a characteristic feature of HSC dysfunction and malignancy induced by deregulated cyclin E.
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Zhang J, Yang R, Zhou D, Rudolph KL, Meng A, Ju Z. Exonuclease 1 is essential for maintaining genomic stability and the proliferative capacity of neural but not hematopoietic stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2014; 12:250-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Neri S, Bourin P, Peyrafitte JA, Cattini L, Facchini A, Mariani E. Human adipose stromal cells (ASC) for the regeneration of injured cartilage display genetic stability after in vitro culture expansion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77895. [PMID: 24205017 PMCID: PMC3810264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are emerging as an extremely promising therapeutic agent for tissue regeneration due to their multi-potency, immune-modulation and secretome activities, but safety remains one of the main concerns, particularly when in vitro manipulation, such as cell expansion, is performed before clinical application. Indeed, it is well documented that in vitro expansion reduces replicative potential and some multi-potency and promotes cell senescence. Furthermore, during in vitro aging there is a decrease in DNA synthesis and repair efficiency thus leading to DNA damage accumulation and possibly inducing genomic instability. The European Research Project ADIPOA aims at validating an innovative cell-based therapy where autologous adipose stromal cells (ASCs) are injected in the diseased articulation to activate regeneration of the cartilage. The primary objective of this paper was to assess the safety of cultured ASCs. The maintenance of genetic integrity was evaluated during in vitro culture by karyotype and microsatellite instability analysis. In addition, RT-PCR array-based evaluation of the expression of genes related to DNA damage signaling pathways was performed. Finally, the senescence and replicative potential of cultured cells was evaluated by telomere length and telomerase activity assessment, whereas anchorage-independent clone development was tested in vitro by soft agar growth. We found that cultured ASCs do not show genetic alterations and replicative senescence during the period of observation, nor anchorage-independent growth, supporting an argument for the safety of ASCs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Neri
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration/RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Philippe Bourin
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pyrénées Méditerranée (EFS-PM), Toulouse, France
- CSA21, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie-Anne Peyrafitte
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pyrénées Méditerranée (EFS-PM), Toulouse, France
- STROMALAB, UMR 5273 Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université Paul Sabatier, U1031 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Luca Cattini
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration/RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Facchini
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration/RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Erminia Mariani
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration/RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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DNA damage and repair in epithelium after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:15813-25. [PMID: 23443095 PMCID: PMC3546663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131215813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in humans, following hematoablative treatment, results in biological chimeras. In this case, the transplanted hematopoietic, immune cells and their derivatives can be considered the donor genotype, while the other tissues are the recipient genotype. The first sequel, which has been recognized in the development of chimerical organisms after allo-HSCT, is the graft versus host (GvH) reaction, in which the new developed immune cells from the graft recognize the host’s epithelial cells as foreign and mount an inflammatory response to kill them. There is now accumulating evidence that this chronic inflammatory tissue stress may contribute to clinical consequences in the transplant recipient. It has been recently reported that host epithelial tissue acquire genomic alterations and display a mutator phenotype that may be linked to the occurrence of a GvH reaction. The current review discusses existing data on this recently discovered phenomenon and focuses on the possible pathogenesis, clinical significance and therapeutic implications.
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