1
|
Giannakoulas A, Nikolaidis M, Amoutzias GD, Giannakoulas N. A comparative analysis of transcriptomics of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: exploring drug repurposing. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1390105. [PMID: 38690165 PMCID: PMC11058662 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1390105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignant plasma cell disorder characterized by the infiltration of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow compartment. Gene Expression Profiling (GEP) has emerged as a powerful investigation tool in modern myeloma research enabling the dissection of the molecular background of MM and allowing the identification of gene products that could potentially serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. In this study we investigated shared transcriptomic abnormalities across newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patient cohorts. In total, publicly available transcriptomic data of 7 studies from CD138+ cells from 281 NDMM patients and 44 healthy individuals were integrated and analyzed. Overall, we identified 28 genes that were consistently differentially expressed (DE) between NDMM patients and healthy donors (HD) across various studies. Of those, 9 genes were over/under-expressed in more than 75% of NDMM patients. In addition, we identified 4 genes (MT1F, PURPL, LINC01239 and LINC01480) that were not previously considered to participate in MM pathogenesis. Meanwhile, by mining three drug databases (ChEMBL, IUPHAR/BPS and DrugBank) we identified 31 FDA-approved and 144 experimental drugs that target 8 of these 28 over/under-expressed MM genes. Taken together, our study offers new insights in MM pathogenesis and importantly, it reveals potential new treatment options that need to be further investigated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Giannakoulas
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Marios Nikolaidis
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Grigorios D. Amoutzias
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Giannakoulas
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Lymphoid neoplasms represent a heterogeneous group of disease entities and subtypes with markedly different molecular and clinical features. Beyond genetic alterations, lymphoid tumors also show widespread epigenomic changes. These severely affect the levels and distribution of DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, and three-dimensional genome interactions. DNA methylation stands out as a tracer of cell identity and memory, as B cell neoplasms show epigenetic imprints of their cellular origin and proliferative history, which can be quantified by an epigenetic mitotic clock. Chromatin-associated marks are informative to uncover altered regulatory regions and transcription factor networks contributing to the development of distinct lymphoid tumors. Tumor-intrinsic epigenetic and genetic aberrations cooperate and interact with microenvironmental cells to shape the transcriptome at different phases of lymphoma evolution, and intraclonal heterogeneity can now be characterized by single-cell profiling. Finally, epigenetics offers multiple clinical applications, including powerful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martí Duran-Ferrer
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain;
| | - José Ignacio Martín-Subero
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain;
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Fundamentos Clínicos, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Akram F, Tanveer R, Andleeb S, Shah FI, Ahmad T, Shehzadi S, Akhtar AM, Syed G. Deciphering the Epigenetic Symphony of Cancer: Insights and Epigenetic Therapies Implications. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241250317. [PMID: 38780251 PMCID: PMC11119348 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241250317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic machinery is a cornerstone in normal cell development, orchestrating tissue-specific gene expression in mammalian cells. Aberrations in this intricate landscape drive substantial changes in gene function, emerging as a linchpin in cancer etiology and progression. While cancer was conventionally perceived as solely a genetic disorder, its contemporary definition encompasses genetic alterations intertwined with disruptive epigenetic abnormalities. This review explores the profound impact of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs on fundamental cellular processes. When these pivotal epigenetic mechanisms undergo disruption, they intricately guide the acquisition of the 6 hallmark characteristics of cancer within seemingly normal cells. Leveraging the latest advancements in decoding these epigenetic intricacies holds immense promise, heralding a new era in developing targeted and more efficacious treatment modalities against cancers driven by aberrant epigenetic modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Akram
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rida Tanveer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Andleeb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Iftikhar Shah
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Somia Shehzadi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Ghania Syed
- Centre for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pisano MD, Sun F, Cheng Y, Parashar D, Zhou V, Jing X, Sompallae R, Abrudan J, Zimmermann MT, Mathison A, Janz S, Pufall MA. IL6Myc mouse is an immunocompetent model for the development of aggressive multiple myeloma. Haematologica 2023; 108:3372-3383. [PMID: 37439384 PMCID: PMC10690922 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm originating in the bone marrow and is the second most common blood cancer in the United States. One challenge in understanding the pathogenesis of MM and improving treatment is a lack of immunocompetent mouse models. We previously developed the IL6Myc mouse that generates plasmacytomas at 100% penetrance that phenotypically resemble aggressive MM. Using comprehensive genomic analysis, we found that the IL6Myc tumors resemble aggressive MM by RNA and protein expression. We also found that IL6Myc tumors accumulated fusions and missense mutations in genes that overlap significantly with human myeloma, indicating that the mouse is good model for studying disease etiology. Lastly, we derived cell lines from IL6Myc tumors that express cell surface markers typical of MM and readily engraft into mice, home to the bone marrow, and induce osteolytic disease. The cell lines may be useful in developing immunotherapies directed against BAFF-R and TACI, though not BCMA, and may also be a good model for studying dexamethasone resistance. These data indicate that the IL6Myc model is useful for studying development of aggressive MM and for developing new treatments against such forms of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Pisano
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Fumou Sun
- Myeloma Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Yan Cheng
- Myeloma Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Deepak Parashar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Vivian Zhou
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Xuefang Jing
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ramakrishna Sompallae
- Iowa Institute for Genetics, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jenica Abrudan
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Michael T Zimmermann
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Angela Mathison
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Siegfried Janz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Miles A Pufall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, Iowa.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yi Z, Ma T, Liu J, Tie W, Li Y, Bai J, Li L, Zhang L. LGR4 promotes tumorigenesis by activating TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in multiple myeloma. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110814. [PMID: 37473901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematologic malignancy that remains incurable. Although accumulating evidence suggests that the leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) plays a biological function in a variety of cancers, its biological function and molecular mechanisms in MM are unclear. In the present study, we found that LGR4 was significantly upregulated in MM tissues and cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that knockdown of LGR4 significantly inhibited proliferation of MM cells, promoted apoptosis and arrested cell cycle in G1. Overexpression showed the opposite effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that LGR4 could interact with TGF-β1 and regulate TGF-β1 expression, thereby activating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and promoting MM progression. LGR4 may be a potential new target for MM diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yi
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Pediatrics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenting Tie
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Liansheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maichl DS, Kirner JA, Beck S, Cheng WH, Krug M, Kuric M, Ade CP, Bischler T, Jakob F, Hose D, Seckinger A, Ebert R, Jundt F. Identification of NOTCH-driven matrisome-associated genes as prognostic indicators of multiple myeloma patient survival. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:134. [PMID: 37669941 PMCID: PMC10480158 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Simone Maichl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julius Arthur Kirner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Beck
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wen-Hui Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Krug
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Kuric
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Patrick Ade
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bischler
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Brettreichstrasse 11, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Hose
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brusells, Belgium
| | - Anja Seckinger
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brusells, Belgium
| | - Regina Ebert
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Jundt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roy Choudhury S, Byrum SD, Alkam D, Ashby C, Zhan F, Tackett AJ, Van Rhee F. Expression of integrin β-7 is epigenetically enhanced in multiple myeloma subgroups with high-risk cytogenetics. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:18. [PMID: 36737807 PMCID: PMC9898982 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01433-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncogenic overexpression of integrin-β7 (ITGB7) in cases of high-risk multiple myeloma (MM) was reported to promote enhanced interactions between neoplastic plasma-B cells and stromal cells to develop cell-adhesion mediated drug resistance. METHODS Expression profiles of adhesion related genes were analyzed in a cohort of MM patients containing major IgH translocations or hyperdiploidies (HY), diagnosed at the premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS; n = 103), smoldering multiple myeloma; (SMM; n = 190) or MM (MM; n = 53) stage. Differential expression was integrated with loci-specific alterations in DNA-methylation and chromatin marks in MM patients. A CRISPR-based targeted induction of DNA-methylation at the ITGB7 super-enhancer (SE) in MM.1S cells was employed to intersect the impact of cis-regulatory elements on ITGB7 expression. RESULTS ITGB7 was significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated in patients with t(14;16) and t(14;20) subgroups in all MGUS, SMM and MM stages, but sporadically upregulated in t(4;14) subgroup at the MM stage. We demonstrate a predetermined enhancer state on ITGB7 in primary-B cells that is maintained under bivalent chromatin, which undergoes a process of chromatin-state alterations and develops into an active enhancer in cases of the t(4;14) subgroup or SE in cases of the t(14;16) subgroup. We also demonstrate that while targeted induction of DNA-methylation at the ITGB7-SE further upregulated the gene, inhibition of ITGB7-SE-associated transcription factor bromodomain-4 downregulated expression of the gene. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest an epigenetic regulation of oncogenic overexpression of ITGB7 in MM cells, which could be critical in MM progression and an attractive therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Roy Choudhury
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA.
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Duah Alkam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Cody Ashby
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Myeloma Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Alan J Tackett
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Frits Van Rhee
- Myeloma Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim K, Huang H, Parida PK, He L, Marquez-Palencia M, Reese TC, Kapur P, Brugarolas J, Brekken RA, Malladi S. Cell Competition Shapes Metastatic Latency and Relapse. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:85-97. [PMID: 36098678 PMCID: PMC9839468 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell competition, a fitness-sensing process, is essential for tissue homeostasis. Using cancer metastatic latency models, we show that cell competition results in the displacement of latent metastatic (Lat-M) cells from the primary tumor. Lat-M cells resist anoikis and survive as residual metastatic disease. A memodeled extracellular matrix facilitates Lat-M cell displacement and survival in circulation. Disrupting cell competition dynamics by depleting secreted protein and rich in cysteine (SPARC) reduced displacement from orthotopic tumors and attenuated metastases. In contrast, depletion of SPARC after extravasation in lung-resident Lat-M cells increased metastatic outgrowth. Furthermore, multiregional transcriptomic analyses of matched primary tumors and metachronous metastases from patients with kidney cancer identified tumor subclones with Lat-M traits. Kidney cancer enriched for these Lat-M traits had a rapid onset of metachronous metastases and significantly reduced disease-free survival. Thus, an unexpected consequence of cell competition is the displacement of cells with Lat-M potential, thereby shaping metastatic latency and relapse. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that cell competition within the primary tumor results in the displacement of Lat-M cells. We further show the impact of altering cell competition dynamics on metastatic incidence that may guide strategies to limit metastatic recurrences. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangsan Kim
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Huocong Huang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Pravat Kumar Parida
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Lan He
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mauricio Marquez-Palencia
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Tanner C Reese
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Payal Kapur
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Kidney Cancer Program, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - James Brugarolas
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Kidney Cancer Program, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Rolf A Brekken
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Srinivas Malladi
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wei R, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Yu X, Wang L, Gu C, Gu X, Yang Y. AIMP1 promotes multiple myeloma malignancy through interacting with ANP32A to mediate histone H3 acetylation. CANCER COMMUNICATIONS (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 42:1185-1206. [PMID: 36042007 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy. An overwhelming majority of patients with MM progress to serious osteolytic bone disease. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein 1 (AIMP1) participates in several steps during cancer development and osteoclast differentiation. This study aimed to explore its role in MM. METHODS The gene expression profiling cohorts of MM were applied to determine the expression of AIMP1 and its association with MM patient prognosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were used to detect AIMP1 expression. Protein chip analysis, RNA-sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing were employed to screen the interacting proteins and key downstream targets of AIMP1. The impact of AIMP1 on cellular proliferation was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in vitro and a xenograft model in vivo. Bone lesions were evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining in vitro. A NOD/SCID-TIBIA mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of siAIMP1-loaded exosomes on bone lesion formation in vivo. RESULTS AIMP1 expression was increased in MM patients and strongly associated with unfavorable outcomes. Increased AIMP1 expression promoted MM cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Protein chip assays and subsequent experiments revealed that AIMP1 interacted with acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A (ANP32A) to regulate histone H3 acetylation. In addition, AIMP1 increased histone H3 acetylation enrichment function of GRB2-associated and regulator of MAPK protein 2 (GAREM2) to increase the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2). Furthermore, AIMP1 promoted osteoclast differentiation by activating nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) in vitro. In contrast, exosome-coated small interfering RNA of AIMP1 effectively suppressed MM progression and osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that AIMP1 is a novel regulator of histone H3 acetylation interacting with ANP32A in MM, which accelerates MM malignancy via activation of the MAPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang Wei
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210001, P. R. China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjiao Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wene Zhao
- Department of Analytical and Testing Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211112, P. R. China
| | - Xichao Yu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210001, P. R. China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210001, P. R. China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Muylaert C, Van Hemelrijck LA, Maes A, De Veirman K, Menu E, Vanderkerken K, De Bruyne E. Aberrant DNA methylation in multiple myeloma: A major obstacle or an opportunity? Front Oncol 2022; 12:979569. [PMID: 36059621 PMCID: PMC9434119 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.979569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance (DR) of cancer cells leading to relapse is a huge problem nowadays to achieve long-lasting cures for cancer patients. This also holds true for the incurable hematological malignancy multiple myeloma (MM), which is characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Although new treatment approaches combining immunomodulatory drugs, corticosteroids, proteasome inhibitors, alkylating agents, and monoclonal antibodies have significantly improved median life expectancy, MM remains incurable due to the development of DR, with the underlying mechanisms remaining largely ill-defined. It is well-known that MM is a heterogeneous disease, encompassing both genetic and epigenetic aberrations. In normal circumstances, epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and posttranslational histone modifications, play an important role in proper chromatin structure and transcriptional regulation. However, in MM, numerous epigenetic defects or so-called ‘epimutations’ have been observed and this especially at the level of DNA methylation. These include genome-wide DNA hypomethylation, locus specific hypermethylation and somatic mutations, copy number variations and/or deregulated expression patterns in DNA methylation modifiers and regulators. The aberrant DNA methylation patterns lead to reduced gene expression of tumor suppressor genes, genomic instability, DR, disease progression, and high-risk disease. In addition, the frequency of somatic mutations in the DNA methylation modifiers seems increased in relapsed patients, again suggesting a role in DR and relapse. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in understanding the involvement of aberrant DNA methylation patterns and/or DNA methylation modifiers in MM development, progression, and relapse. In addition, we discuss their involvement in MM cell plasticity, driving myeloma cells to a cancer stem cell state characterized by a more immature and drug-resistant phenotype. Finally, we briefly touch upon the potential of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors to prevent relapse after treatment with the current standard of care agents and/or new, promising (immuno) therapies.
Collapse
|
11
|
The Multiple Myeloma Landscape: Epigenetics and Non-Coding RNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102348. [PMID: 35625953 PMCID: PMC9139326 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent findings in multiple myeloma have led to therapies which have improved patient life quality and expectancy. However, frequent relapse and drug resistance emphasize the need for more efficient therapeutic approaches. The discovery of non-coding RNAs as key actors in multiple myeloma has broadened the molecular landscape of this disease, together with classical epigenetic factors such as methylation and acetylation. microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs comprise the majority of the described non-coding RNAs dysregulated in multiple myeloma, while circular RNAs are recently emerging as promising molecular targets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent knowledge on this topic and suggests new therapeutic strategies. Abstract Despite advances in available treatments, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease and represents a challenge in oncohematology. New insights into epigenetic factors contributing to MM development and progression have improved the knowledge surrounding its molecular basis. Beyond classical epigenetic factors, including methylation and acetylation, recent genome analyses have unveiled the importance of non-coding RNAs in MM pathogenesis. Non-coding RNAs have become of interest, as their dysregulation opens the door to new therapeutic approaches. The discovery, in the past years, of molecular techniques, such as CRISPR-Cas, has led to innovative therapies with potential benefits to achieve a better outcome for MM patients. This review summarizes the current knowledge on epigenetics and non-coding RNAs in MM pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang D, Li Q, Zhang D, Yang X, Wang C, Zhang R, Yang X, Li Z, Xiong Y. An eQTL variant of ALDH1A2 is associated with Kashin-Beck disease in Chinese population. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 40:317-326. [PMID: 35059888 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of the study were to investigate the relationship between aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2 (ALDH1A2) and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), explore the effects of the rs3204689 polymorphism and methylation status on the expression levels of ALDH1A2, and further clarify the pathogenesis of KBD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The genotype of ALDH1A2 rs3204689 was detected by PCR-RFLP in 103 KBD patients and 109 healthy controls in the whole blood. The mRNA level of ALDH1A2 was measured by qRT-PCR, and the protein expression was detected using IHC staining and Western blotting. The MSP-PCR was used to identify the ALDH1A2 methylation level. RESULTS There were significant differences in G/G, G/C, and C/C frequencies of ALDH1A2 rs3204689 between the KBD and control groups (χ2 = 7.113, P = 0.029); the minor allele G of ALDH1A2 was associated with the risk of KBD (χ2 = 5.984, P = 0.014). The mRNA and protein levels of ALDH1A2 were increased in the whole blood and cartilage of KBD patients compared with the controls (P = 0.049, P < 0.0001, P = 0.019). Meanwhile, a statistically significant difference was observed between G/G, G/C and C/C genotype on mRNA expression (P = 0.039). The methylation level of the ALDH1A2 gene promoter region showed no significant difference between the KBD and control groups (χ2 = 0.317, P = 0.573). CONCLUSION Our case-control study indicates that the common variant rs3204689 near ALDH1A2 is associated with KBD in Chinese population. The risk allele G of rs3204689 is statistically linked to the high expression of ALDH1A2, which is up-regulated in the cartilage and whole blood of KBD patients. Our findings suggest a potential role of ALDH1A2 in the pathogenesis of KBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongqiang Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuena Yang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofang Li
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Xiong
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chattopadhyaya S, Ghosal S. DNA methylation: a saga of genome maintenance in hematological perspective. Hum Cell 2022; 35:448-461. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
14
|
Singh S, Jain K, Sharma R, Singh J, Paul D. Epigenetic Modifications in Myeloma: Focused Review of Current Data and Potential Therapeutic Applications. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMultiple myeloma is a common hematologic malignancy with an incidence of 1 per 100,000 population and is characterized by a nearly 100% risk of relapse, necessitating treatment with newer therapeutic agents at each instance of progression. However, use of newer agents is often precluded by cost and accessibility in a resource-constrained setting. Description of newer pathways of disease pathogenesis potentially provides opportunities for identification of therapeutic targets and a better understanding of disease biology. Identification of epigenetic changes in myeloma is an emerging premise, with several pathways contributing to pathogenesis and progression of disease. Greater understanding of epigenetic alterations provides opportunities to detect several targetable enzymes or pathways that can be of clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvir Singh
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kunal Jain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Rintu Sharma
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Jagdeep Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Davinder Paul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bolaman AZ, Turgutkaya A, Küçükdiler HE, Selim C, Yavaşoğlu İ. Pharmacological dose ascorbic acid administration in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma patients. Leuk Res Rep 2021; 16:100281. [PMID: 34900576 PMCID: PMC8637644 DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2021.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective High-dose ascorbic acid leads to the formation of highly reactive oxygen species due to the pro-oxidant effect, resulting in cell death; therefore, used as an additive treatment in several malignancies. We present the results obtained by administration of pharmacological dose of ascorbic acid to conventional chemotherapy in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma patients. Materials-methods Intravenous ascorbic acid at a pharmacologic dose of 15 gram/week was added to the chemotherapy regimen of relapsed refractory multiple myeloma patients, who received carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone treatment and did not respond after the second cycle. Results The total of 4 patients who had previously received 6–9 lines of myeloma treatment were included. After 4 cycles of chemotherapy + ascorbic acid combination, 1 patient had a complete response whereas other patients had a very good partial response. Conclusion The addition of pharmacological dose ascorbic acid to conventional chemotherapy can be an effective approach in relapsed refractory patients. Clinical studies with a large number of patients will be useful to evaluate the pharmacological dose of ascorbate in plasma cell disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zahit Bolaman
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine AYDIN/TURKIYE, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Atakan Turgutkaya
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine AYDIN/TURKIYE, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Hilal Eroğlu Küçükdiler
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine AYDIN/TURKIYE, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Cem Selim
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine AYDIN/TURKIYE, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - İrfan Yavaşoğlu
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine AYDIN/TURKIYE, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
What are the roles of global DNA and APC 2 gene promotor hypermethylation in multiple myeloma? Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7875-7882. [PMID: 34637096 PMCID: PMC8505470 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06813-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background In today's practice, gene-based approaches come to the fore in the determination of prognosis and treatment preferences of multiple myeloma (MM). DNA methylation is one of the new approach parameters. DNA methylation occurs by the addition of a methyl group to cytosines in CpG dinucleotides. In this study, besides comparing the global DNA and APC 2 gene promotor hypermethylation between our patients with MM and healthy control group, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of hypermethylation on MM treatment responses and survival. Methods and results 38 patients diagnosed with MM between January 2016 and January 2020 and 50 healthy controls were included in the study. The initial hypermethylation of the patients and the healthy control group were statistically analyzed. In addition, the increase in hypermethylation in the MM group before and after the first series of treatments were analyzed within themselves. There is a significant difference between the patients with MM diagnosis and the healthy control group in terms of the initial global hypermethylation (P = 0.001). In patients with MM, hypermethylation was significantly higher. Global hypermethylation in the post-treatment measurements was significantly increased in comparison to the pre-treatment state (P = 0.012). In terms of APC 2 promotor gene-specific hypermethylation, no significant differences were detected between pre- and post-treatment values (P = 0.368). Conclusions This study represents valuable data with the initial global DNA hypermethylation results in the MM patient group and the increase in hypermethylation post-treatment. it will shed light on future studies.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kalushkova A, Nylund P, Párraga AA, Lennartsson A, Jernberg-Wiklund H. One Omics Approach Does Not Rule Them All: The Metabolome and the Epigenome Join Forces in Haematological Malignancies. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:epigenomes5040022. [PMID: 34968247 PMCID: PMC8715477 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation, dysregulation of chromatin-modifying enzymes, and microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in haematological malignancies. These epimutations, with an impact on chromatin accessibility and transcriptional output, are often associated with genomic instability and the emergence of drug resistance, disease progression, and poor survival. In order to exert their functions, epigenetic enzymes utilize cellular metabolites as co-factors and are highly dependent on their availability. By affecting the expression of metabolic enzymes, epigenetic modifiers may aid the generation of metabolite signatures that could be utilized as targets and biomarkers in cancer. This interdependency remains often neglected and poorly represented in studies, despite well-established methods to study the cellular metabolome. This review critically summarizes the current knowledge in the field to provide an integral picture of the interplay between epigenomic alterations and the cellular metabolome in haematological malignancies. Our recent findings defining a distinct metabolic signature upon response to enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibition in multiple myeloma (MM) highlight how a shift of preferred metabolic pathways may potentiate novel treatments. The suggested link between the epigenome and the metabolome in haematopoietic tumours holds promise for the use of metabolic signatures as possible biomarkers of response to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Kalushkova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrick Nylund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
| | - Alba Atienza Párraga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
| | - Andreas Lennartsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NEO, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Helena Jernberg-Wiklund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
From Bench to Bedside: The Evolution of Genomics and Its Implications for the Current and Future Management of Multiple Myeloma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 27:213-221. [PMID: 34549910 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The summation of 20 years of biological studies and the comprehensive analysis of more than 1000 multiple myeloma genomes with data linked to clinical outcome has enabled an increased understanding of the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma in the context of normal plasma cell biology. This novel data have facilitated the identification of prognostic markers and targets suitable for therapeutic manipulation. The challenge moving forward is to translate this genetic and biological information into the clinic to improve patient care. This review discusses the key data required to achieve this and provides a framework within which to explore the use of response-adapted, biologically targeted, molecularly targeted, and risk-stratified therapeutic approaches to improve the management of patients with multiple myeloma.
Collapse
|
19
|
Schütt J, Nägler T, Schenk T, Brioli A. Investigating the Interplay between Myeloma Cells and Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in the Development of Drug Resistance: Dissecting the Role of Epigenetic Modifications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164069. [PMID: 34439223 PMCID: PMC8392438 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite advances made in the last two decades, multiple myeloma (MM) is still an incurable disease. The genetic complexity of MM and the presence of intra-clonal heterogeneity are major contributors to disease relapse and the development of treatment resistance. Additionally, the bone marrow microenvironment is known to play a pivotal role in MM disease progression. Together with genetic modifications, epigenetic changes have been shown to influence MM development and progression. However, epigenetic treatments for MM are still lacking. This is mainly due to the high rate of adverse events of epigenetic drugs in clinical practice. In this review, we will focus on the role of epigenetic modifications in MM disease progression and the development of drug resistance, as well as their role in shaping the interplay between bone marrow stromal cells and MM cells. The current and future treatment strategies involving epigenetic drugs will also be addressed. Abstract Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells infiltrating the bone marrow (BM). Many studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of bone marrow stromal cells in MM progression and drug resistance. Together with the BM microenvironment (BMME), epigenetics also plays a crucial role in MM development. A variety of epigenetic regulators, including histone acetyltransferases (HATs), histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and lysine demethylases (KDMs), are altered in MM, contributing to the disease progression and prognosis. In addition to histone modifications, DNA methylation also plays a crucial role. Among others, aberrant epigenetics involves processes associated with the BMME, like bone homeostasis, ECM remodeling or the development of treatment resistance. In this review, we will highlight the importance of the interplay of MM cells with the BMME in the development of treatment resistance. Additionally, we will focus on the epigenetic aberrations in MM and their role in disease evolution, interaction with the BMME, disease progression and development of drug resistance. We will also briefly touch on the epigenetic treatments currently available or currently under investigation to overcome BMME-driven treatment resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Schütt
- Clinic of Internal Medicine 2, Hematology and Oncology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine Jena (CMB), Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Clinic of Internal Medicine C, Hematology and Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Palliative Care, Greifswald University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Theresa Nägler
- Clinic of Internal Medicine 2, Hematology and Oncology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Tino Schenk
- Clinic of Internal Medicine 2, Hematology and Oncology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine Jena (CMB), Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Clinic of Internal Medicine C, Hematology and Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Palliative Care, Greifswald University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annamaria Brioli
- Clinic of Internal Medicine 2, Hematology and Oncology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Clinic of Internal Medicine C, Hematology and Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Palliative Care, Greifswald University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang T, Liu X, Kumar SK, Jin F, Dai Y. Decoding DNA methylation in epigenetics of multiple myeloma. Blood Rev 2021; 51:100872. [PMID: 34384602 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2021.100872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of DNA methylation in B cells has been observed during their neoplastic transformation and therefore closely associated with various B-cell malignancies including multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of terminally differentiated plasma cells. Emerging evidence has unveiled pronounced alterations in DNA methylation in MM, including both global and gene-specific changes that can affect genome stability and gene transcription. Moreover, dysregulated expression of DNA methylation-modifying enzymes has been related with myelomagenesis, disease progression, and poor prognosis. However, the functional roles of the epigenetic abnormalities involving DNA methylation in MM remain elusive. In this article, we review current understanding of the alterations in DNA methylome and DNA methylation modifiers in MM, particularly focusing on DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and tet methylcytosine dioxygenases (TETs). We also discuss how these DNA methylation modifiers may be regulated and function in MM cells, therefore providing a rationale for developing novel epigenetic therapies targeting DNA methylation in MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 519 Dongminzhu Street, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 519 Dongminzhu Street, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.
| | - Shaji K Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Fengyan Jin
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
| | - Yun Dai
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 519 Dongminzhu Street, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barwick BG, Gupta VA, Matulis SM, Patton JC, Powell DR, Gu Y, Jaye DL, Conneely KN, Lin YC, Hofmeister CC, Nooka AK, Keats JJ, Lonial S, Vertino PM, Boise LH. Chromatin Accessibility Identifies Regulatory Elements Predictive of Gene Expression and Disease Outcome in Multiple Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3178-3189. [PMID: 33731366 PMCID: PMC8172525 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of plasma cells. Extensive genetic and transcriptional characterization of myeloma has identified subtypes with prognostic and therapeutic implications. In contrast, relatively little is known about the myeloma epigenome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CD138+CD38+ myeloma cells were isolated from fresh bone marrow aspirate or the same aspirate after freezing for 1-6 months. Gene expression and chromatin accessibility were compared between fresh and frozen samples by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and assay for transpose accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq). Chromatin accessible regions were used to identify regulatory RNA expression in more than 700 samples from newly diagnosed patients in the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation CoMMpass trial (NCT01454297). RESULTS Gene expression and chromatin accessibility of cryopreserved myeloma recapitulated that of freshly isolated samples. ATAC-seq performed on a series of biobanked specimens identified thousands of chromatin accessible regions with hundreds being highly coordinated with gene expression. More than 4,700 of these chromatin accessible regions were transcribed in newly diagnosed myelomas from the CoMMpass trial. Regulatory element activity alone recapitulated myeloma gene expression subtypes, and in particular myeloma subtypes with immunoglobulin heavy chain translocations were defined by transcription of distal regulatory elements. Moreover, enhancer activity predicted oncogene expression implicating gene regulatory mechanisms in aggressive myeloma. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the feasibility of using biobanked specimens for retrospective studies of the myeloma epigenome and illustrate the unique enhancer landscapes of myeloma subtypes that are coupled to gene expression and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Vikas A Gupta
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Shannon M Matulis
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Doris R Powell
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yanyan Gu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David L Jaye
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yin C Lin
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas
| | - Craig C Hofmeister
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ajay K Nooka
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jonathan J Keats
- Division of Integrated Cancer Genomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Paula M Vertino
- Departments of Biomedical Genetics and the Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Targeting Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism to Induce Myeloma Cell Death. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102411. [PMID: 34067602 PMCID: PMC8156203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological disease characterized by the accumulation of clonal malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Over the past two decades, new therapeutic strategies have significantly improved the treatment outcome and patients survival. Nevertheless, most MM patients relapse underlying the need of new therapeutic approaches. Plasma cells are prone to produce large amounts of immunoglobulins causing the production of intracellular ROS. Although adapted to high level of ROS, MM cells die when exposed to drugs increasing ROS production either directly or by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of ROS-generating drugs for inducing MM cell death and counteracting acquired drug resistance specifically toward proteasome inhibitors.
Collapse
|
23
|
Hassan H, Szalat R. Genetic Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2021; 14:241-254. [PMID: 33953598 PMCID: PMC8092627 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s262866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease featured by clonal plasma cell proliferation and genomic instability. The advent of next-generation sequencing allowed unraveling the complex genomic landscape of the disease. Several recurrent genomic aberrations including immunoglobulin genes translocations, copy number abnormalities, complex chromosomal events, transcriptomic and epigenomic deregulation, and mutations define various molecular subgroups with distinct outcomes. In this review, we describe the recurrent genomic events identified in MM impacting patients’ outcome and survival. These genomic aberrations constitute new markers that could be incorporated into a prognostication model to eventually guide therapy at every stage of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Hassan
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raphael Szalat
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Schavgoulidze A, Cazaubiel T, Perrot A, Avet-Loiseau H, Corre J. Multiple Myeloma: Heterogeneous in Every Way. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061285. [PMID: 33805803 PMCID: PMC7998947 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary With the development of modern therapies in multiple myeloma, prognosis stratification is becoming an indispensable tool for the choice of treatment between patients. Many factors influence the prognosis in multiple myeloma; scores, mainly based on biochemical parameters and cytogenetics, have been proposed to discriminate patients. However, these scores are not perfect and fail to predict some patients’ outcomes. In this review, we describe current evaluated factors and their limitations. In the second part, we address factors with an impact on treatment escape and prognosis, but which are not available routinely yet. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the accumulation of tumor plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM). Despite considerable advances in terms of treatment, patients’ prognosis is still very heterogeneous. Cytogenetics and minimal residual disease both have a major impact on prognosis. However, they do not explain all the heterogeneity seen in the outcomes. Their limitations are the result of the emergence of minor subclones missed at diagnosis, detected by sensible methods such as single-cell analysis, but also the non-exploration in the routine practice of the spatial heterogeneity between different clones according to the focal lesions. Moreover, biochemical parameters and cytogenetics do not reflect the whole complexity of MM. Gene expression is influenced by a tight collaboration between cytogenetic events and epigenetic regulation. The microenvironment also has an important impact on the development and the progression of the disease. Some of these determinants have been described as independent prognostic factors and could be used to more accurately predict patient prognosis and response to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Schavgoulidze
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche, Médicale U1037, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.S.); (A.P.); (H.A.-L.)
| | | | - Aurore Perrot
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche, Médicale U1037, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.S.); (A.P.); (H.A.-L.)
- Hematology Department, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Avet-Loiseau
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche, Médicale U1037, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.S.); (A.P.); (H.A.-L.)
- Unit for Genomics in Myeloma, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Jill Corre
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche, Médicale U1037, 31059 Toulouse, France; (A.S.); (A.P.); (H.A.-L.)
- Unit for Genomics in Myeloma, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ovejero S, Moreaux J. Multi-omics tumor profiling technologies to develop precision medicine in multiple myeloma. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic cancer, is caused by accumulation of aberrant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Its molecular causes are not fully understood and its great heterogeneity among patients complicates therapeutic decision-making. In the past decades, development of new therapies and drugs have significantly improved survival of MM patients. However, resistance to drugs and relapse remain the most common causes of mortality and are the major challenges to overcome. The advent of high throughput omics technologies capable of analyzing big amount of clinical and biological data has changed the way to diagnose and treat MM. Integration of omics data (gene mutations, gene expression, epigenetic information, and protein and metabolite levels) with clinical histories of thousands of patients allows to build scores to stratify the risk at diagnosis and predict the response to treatment, helping clinicians to make better educated decisions for each particular case. There is no doubt that the future of MM treatment relies on personalized therapies based on predictive models built from omics studies. This review summarizes the current treatments and the use of omics technologies in MM, and their importance in the implementation of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ovejero
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France 2Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France 2Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, 34000 Montpellier, France 3University of Montpellier, UFR Medicine, 34093 Montpellier, France 4 Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75000 Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ovejero S, Moreaux J. Multi-omics tumor profiling technologies to develop precision medicine in multiple myeloma. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2021; 2:65-106. [PMID: 36046090 PMCID: PMC9400753 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic cancer, is caused by accumulation of aberrant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Its molecular causes are not fully understood and its great heterogeneity among patients complicates therapeutic decision-making. In the past decades, development of new therapies and drugs have significantly improved survival of MM patients. However, resistance to drugs and relapse remain the most common causes of mortality and are the major challenges to overcome. The advent of high throughput omics technologies capable of analyzing big amount of clinical and biological data has changed the way to diagnose and treat MM. Integration of omics data (gene mutations, gene expression, epigenetic information, and protein and metabolite levels) with clinical histories of thousands of patients allows to build scores to stratify the risk at diagnosis and predict the response to treatment, helping clinicians to make better educated decisions for each particular case. There is no doubt that the future of MM treatment relies on personalized therapies based on predictive models built from omics studies. This review summarizes the current treatments and the use of omics technologies in MM, and their importance in the implementation of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ovejero
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France 2Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France 2Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, 34000 Montpellier, France 3UFR Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France 4Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75000 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nirgude S, Choudhary B. Insights into the role of GPX3, a highly efficient plasma antioxidant, in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 184:114365. [PMID: 33310051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidases are well known antioxidant enzymes. They catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide or organic hydroperoxides using glutathione. Among the reported 8 GPxs, GPx3, a highly conserved protein and a major ROS scavenger in plasma, has been well studied and confirmed to play a vital role as a tumor suppressor in most cancers. Additionally, this gene is known to be epigenetically regulated. It is downregulated either by hypermethylation or genomic deletion. In this review, we summarized the role of GPX3 in various cancers, its use as a prognostic biomarker, and a potential target for clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Nirgude
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore 560100, India; Registered as graduate student under Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore 560100, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
The proliferative history shapes the DNA methylome of B-cell tumors and predicts clinical outcome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:1066-1081. [PMID: 34079956 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-00131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a systematic analysis of the DNA methylation variability in 1,595 samples of normal cell subpopulations and 14 tumor subtypes spanning the entire human B-cell lineage. Differential methylation among tumor entities relates to differences in cellular origin and to de novo epigenetic alterations, which allowed us to build an accurate machine learning-based diagnostic algorithm. We identify extensive patient-specific methylation variability in silenced chromatin associated with the proliferative history of normal and neoplastic B cells. Mitotic activity generally leaves both hyper- and hypomethylation imprints, but some B-cell neoplasms preferentially gain or lose DNA methylation. Subsequently, we construct a DNA methylation-based mitotic clock called epiCMIT, whose lapse magnitude represents a strong independent prognostic variable in B-cell tumors and is associated with particular driver genetic alterations. Our findings reveal DNA methylation as a holistic tracer of B-cell tumor developmental history, with implications in the differential diagnosis and prediction of clinical outcome.
Collapse
|
29
|
Varlet E, Ovejero S, Martinez AM, Cavalli G, Moreaux J. Role of Polycomb Complexes in Normal and Malignant Plasma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218047. [PMID: 33126754 PMCID: PMC7662980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma cells (PC) are the main effectors of adaptive immunity, responsible for producing antibodies to defend the body against pathogens. They are the result of a complex highly regulated cell differentiation process, taking place in several anatomical locations and involving unique genetic events. Pathologically, PC can undergo tumorigenesis and cause a group of diseases known as plasma cell dyscrasias, including multiple myeloma (MM). MM is a severe disease with poor prognosis that is characterized by the accumulation of malignant PC within the bone marrow, as well as high clinical and molecular heterogeneity. MM patients frequently develop resistance to treatment, leading to relapse. Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are epigenetic regulators involved in cell fate and carcinogenesis. The emerging roles of PcG in PC differentiation and myelomagenesis position them as potential therapeutic targets in MM. Here, we focus on the roles of PcG proteins in normal and malignant plasma cells, as well as their therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Varlet
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France; (E.V.); (S.O.); (A.-M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Ovejero
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France; (E.V.); (S.O.); (A.-M.M.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Marie Martinez
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France; (E.V.); (S.O.); (A.-M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Giacomo Cavalli
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France; (E.V.); (S.O.); (A.-M.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier, France; (E.V.); (S.O.); (A.-M.M.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
- UFR Medicine, University of Montpellier, 34003 Montpellier, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-04-6733-7903
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Epigenetic Aberrations in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102996. [PMID: 33076518 PMCID: PMC7602661 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer characterized by an uncontrolled growth of cells named plasma cells, within the bone marrow. Patients with MM may present with anemia, bone lesions and kidney impairment. Several studies have been performed in order to provide an explanation to how this tumor may develop. Among them, the so called “epigenetic modifications” certainly represent important players that have been shown to support MM development and disease progression. The present article aims to summarize the current knowledge in the specific are of “epigenetics” in MM. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by proliferation of clonal plasma cells within the bone marrow. Several advances in defining key processes responsible for MM pathogenesis and disease progression have been made; and dysregulation of epigenetics, including DNA methylation and histone modification, has emerged as a crucial regulator of MM pathogenesis. In the present review article, we will focus on the role of epigenetic modifications within the specific context of MM.
Collapse
|
31
|
TAZ functions as a tumor suppressor in multiple myeloma by downregulating MYC. Blood Adv 2020; 3:3613-3625. [PMID: 31743393 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable blood cancer that is often characterized by amplification and overexpression of the MYC oncogene. Despite efforts, direct targeting of MYC is not yet possible; therefore, alternative strategies to inhibit MYC activity are necessary. TAZ is a transcriptional coactivator downstream of the Hippo-signaling pathway that functions as an oncogene in many solid tumors. However, its role in hematological malignancies is largely unexplored. Here, we show that, in contrast to solid tumors, expression of TAZ is lower in hematological malignancies, and that high expression of TAZ correlates with better patient outcomes. We further show that TAZ is hypermethylated in MM patient samples and in a panel of MM cell lines. Genetic overexpression of TAZ or pharmacological upregulation of TAZ by treatment with the demethylating agent decitabine induces apoptosis. Importantly, TAZ-induced apoptosis is independent of canonical Hippo components LATS1 or the TEA-domain family of transcription factors. Instead, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that overexpression of TAZ represses a MYC transcriptional program and we show that increased TAZ expression correlates with decreased MYC expression in both cell-line models and patient samples. Furthermore, promoter derepression of TAZ expression sensitizes MM cell lines through a reciprocal reduction in MYC expression using additional therapeutics such as bortezomib, trichostatin A, and panobinostat. Our findings uncover an unexpected role for TAZ in MM tumorigenesis and provide a compelling rationale for exploring the therapeutic potential of upregulating TAZ expression to restore sensitivity to specific therapeutics in MM.
Collapse
|
32
|
Evolving Role of Daratumumab: From Backbencher to Frontline Agent. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2020; 20:572-587. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
33
|
Ordoñez R, Kulis M, Russiñol N, Chapaprieta V, Carrasco-Leon A, García-Torre B, Charalampopoulou S, Clot G, Beekman R, Meydan C, Duran-Ferrer M, Verdaguer-Dot N, Vilarrasa-Blasi R, Soler-Vila P, Garate L, Miranda E, San José-Enériz E, Rodriguez-Madoz JR, Ezponda T, Martínez-Turrilas R, Vilas-Zornoza A, Lara-Astiaso D, Dupéré-Richer D, Martens JHA, El-Omri H, Taha RY, Calasanz MJ, Paiva B, San Miguel J, Flicek P, Gut I, Melnick A, Mitsiades CS, Licht JD, Campo E, Stunnenberg HG, Agirre X, Prosper F, Martin-Subero JI. Chromatin activation as a unifying principle underlying pathogenic mechanisms in multiple myeloma. Genome Res 2020; 30:1217-1227. [PMID: 32820006 PMCID: PMC7545147 DOI: 10.1101/gr.265520.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm associated with a broad variety of genetic lesions. In spite of this genetic heterogeneity, MMs share a characteristic malignant phenotype whose underlying molecular basis remains poorly characterized. In the present study, we examined plasma cells from MM using a multi-epigenomics approach and demonstrated that, when compared to normal B cells, malignant plasma cells showed an extensive activation of regulatory elements, in part affecting coregulated adjacent genes. Among target genes up-regulated by this process, we found members of the NOTCH, NF-kB, MTOR signaling, and TP53 signaling pathways. Other activated genes included sets involved in osteoblast differentiation and response to oxidative stress, all of which have been shown to be associated with the MM phenotype and clinical behavior. We functionally characterized MM-specific active distant enhancers controlling the expression of thioredoxin (TXN), a major regulator of cellular redox status and, in addition, identified PRDM5 as a novel essential gene for MM. Collectively, our data indicate that aberrant chromatin activation is a unifying feature underlying the malignant plasma cell phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ordoñez
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Kulis
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Russiñol
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Chapaprieta
- Departamento de Fundamentos Clínicos, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz García-Torre
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Guillem Clot
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Renée Beekman
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cem Meydan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Martí Duran-Ferrer
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Verdaguer-Dot
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Vilarrasa-Blasi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Soler-Vila
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Garate
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Edurne San José-Enériz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Ezponda
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Lara-Astiaso
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daphné Dupéré-Richer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Halima El-Omri
- Department of Hematology & BMT, Hamad Medical Corporation, NCCCR, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruba Y Taha
- Department of Hematology & BMT, Hamad Medical Corporation, NCCCR, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maria J Calasanz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Paiva
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesus San Miguel
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Ivo Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ari Melnick
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Constantine S Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan D Licht
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Elias Campo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Fundamentos Clínicos, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Xabier Agirre
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose I Martin-Subero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Fundamentos Clínicos, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Choudhury SR, Ashby C, Tytarenko R, Bauer M, Wang Y, Deshpande S, Den J, Schinke C, Zangari M, Thanendrarajan S, Davies FE, van Rhee F, Morgan GJ, Walker BA. The functional epigenetic landscape of aberrant gene expression in molecular subgroups of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:108. [PMID: 32762714 PMCID: PMC7409490 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy with genomic heterogeneity and poor survival outcome. Apart from the central role of genetic lesions, epigenetic anomalies have been identified as drivers in the development of the disease. Methods Alterations in the DNA methylome were mapped in 52 newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients of six molecular subgroups and matched with loci-specific chromatin marks to define their impact on gene expression. Differential DNA methylation analysis was performed using DMAP with a ≥10% increase (hypermethylation) or decrease (hypomethylation) in NDMM subgroups, compared to control samples, considered significant for all the subsequent analyses with p<0.05 after adjusting for a false discovery rate. Results We identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) within the etiological cytogenetic subgroups of myeloma, compared to control plasma cells. Using gene expression data we identified genes that are dysregulated and correlate with DNA methylation levels, indicating a role for DNA methylation in their transcriptional control. We demonstrated that 70% of DMRs in the MM epigenome were hypomethylated and overlapped with repressive H3K27me3. In contrast, differentially expressed genes containing hypermethylated DMRs within the gene body or hypomethylated DMRs at the promoters overlapped with H3K4me1, H3K4me3, or H3K36me3 marks. Additionally, enrichment of BRD4 or MED1 at the H3K27ac enriched DMRs functioned as super-enhancers (SE), controlling the overexpression of genes or gene-cassettes. Conclusions Therefore, this study presents the underlying epigenetic regulatory networks of gene expression dysregulation in NDMM patients and identifies potential targets for future therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Roy Choudhury
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Cody Ashby
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Ruslana Tytarenko
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Michael Bauer
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Shayu Deshpande
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Judith Den
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Carolina Schinke
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Maurizio Zangari
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | | | - Faith E Davies
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Frits van Rhee
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Gareth J Morgan
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Brian A Walker
- Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA. .,Division of Hematology Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chang C, Worley BL, Phaëton R, Hempel N. Extracellular Glutathione Peroxidase GPx3 and Its Role in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082197. [PMID: 32781581 PMCID: PMC7464599 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells possess a multifaceted antioxidant enzyme system, which includes superoxide dismutases, catalase, the peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin and the glutathione peroxidase systems. The dichotomous role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in tumorigenesis and cancer progression complicates the use of small molecule antioxidants, pro-oxidants, and targeting of antioxidant enzymes as therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. It also highlights the need for additional studies to investigate the role and regulation of these antioxidant enzymes in cancer. The focus of this review is on glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3), a selenoprotein, and the only extracellular GPx of a family of oxidoreductases that catalyze the detoxification of hydro- and soluble lipid hydroperoxides by reduced glutathione. In addition to summarizing the biochemical function, regulation, and disease associations of GPx3, we specifically discuss the role and regulation of systemic and tumor cell expressed GPx3 in cancer. From this it is evident that GPx3 has a dichotomous role in different tumor types, acting as both a tumor suppressor and pro-survival protein. Further studies are needed to examine how loss or gain of GPx3 specifically affects oxidant scavenging and redox signaling in the extracellular tumor microenvironment, and how GPx3 might be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Chang
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Beth L. Worley
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Rébécca Phaëton
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology & Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-717-531-4037
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Li N, Liu L, Xiang P, Liang L, Wang J, Wang Y, Luo S, Song Y, Fang B. Addition of low‐dose decitabine to bortezomib and dexamethasone as second‐line therapy in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2020; 189:e258-e262. [PMID: 32346851 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Oncology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Hematology Henan Institute of Haematology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Pu Xiang
- Department of Hematology Henan Institute of Haematology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Lijie Liang
- Department of Hematology Henan Institute of Haematology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Hematology Henan Institute of Haematology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yaomei Wang
- Department of Hematology Henan Institute of Haematology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Oncology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology Henan Institute of Haematology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Baijun Fang
- Department of Hematology Henan Institute of Haematology Henan Cancer Hospital Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ronca R, Ghedini GC, Maccarinelli F, Sacco A, Locatelli SL, Foglio E, Taranto S, Grillo E, Matarazzo S, Castelli R, Paganini G, Desantis V, Cattane N, Cattaneo A, Mor M, Carlo-Stella C, Belotti A, Roccaro AM, Presta M, Giacomini A. FGF Trapping Inhibits Multiple Myeloma Growth through c-Myc Degradation-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2340-2354. [PMID: 32094301 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma, the second most common hematologic malignancy, frequently relapses because of chemotherapeutic resistance. Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) act as proangiogenic and mitogenic cytokines in multiple myeloma. Here, we demonstrate that the autocrine FGF/FGFR axis is essential for multiple myeloma cell survival and progression by protecting multiple myeloma cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. In keeping with the hypothesis that the intracellular redox status can be a target for cancer therapy, FGF/FGFR blockade by FGF trapping or tyrosine kinase inhibitor impaired the growth and dissemination of multiple myeloma cells by inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptotic cell death that were prevented by the antioxidant vitamin E or mitochondrial catalase overexpression. In addition, mitochondrial oxidative stress occurred as a consequence of proteasomal degradation of the c-Myc oncoprotein that led to glutathione depletion. Accordingly, expression of a proteasome-nondegradable c-Myc protein mutant was sufficient to avoid glutathione depletion and rescue the proapoptotic effects due to FGF blockade. These findings were confirmed on bortezomib-resistant multiple myeloma cells as well as on bone marrow-derived primary multiple myeloma cells from newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory patients, including plasma cells bearing the t(4;14) translocation obtained from patients with high-risk multiple myeloma. Altogether, these findings dissect the mechanism by which the FGF/FGFR system plays a nonredundant role in multiple myeloma cell survival and disease progression, and indicate that FGF targeting may represent a therapeutic approach for patients with multiple myeloma with poor prognosis and advanced disease stage. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides new insights into the mechanisms by which FGF antagonists promote multiple myeloma cell death. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/11/2340/F1.large.jpg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ronca
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gaia C Ghedini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Maccarinelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Sacco
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia L Locatelli
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS and Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Foglio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Taranto
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Grillo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Matarazzo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Paganini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Consorziale Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nadia Cattane
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.,Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Mor
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carmelo Carlo-Stella
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS and Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Belotti
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Aldo M Roccaro
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Presta
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Arianna Giacomini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Friend N, Noll JE, Opperman KS, Clark KC, Mrozik KM, Vandyke K, Hewett DR, Zannettino ACW. GLIPR1 expression is reduced in multiple myeloma but is not a tumour suppressor in mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228408. [PMID: 31995627 PMCID: PMC6988976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma, a plasma cell malignancy, is a genetically heterogeneous disease and the genetic factors that contribute to its development and progression remain to be fully elucidated. The tumour suppressor gene GLIPR1 has previously been shown to be deleted in approximately 10% of myeloma patients, to inhibit the development of plasma cell tumours in ageing mice and to have reduced expression levels in the plasma cells of patients with light-chain amyloidosis, a myeloma-related malignancy. Therefore, we hypothesised that GLIPR1 may have tumour suppressor activity in multiple myeloma. In this study, we demonstrate that plasma cell expression of GLIPR1 is reduced in the majority of myeloma patients and Glipr1 expression is lost in the 5TGM1 murine myeloma cell line. However, overexpression of GLIPR1 in a human myeloma cell line did not affect cell proliferation in vitro. Similarly, re-expression of Glipr1 in 5TGM1 cells did not significantly reduce their in vitro proliferation or in vivo growth in C57BL/KaLwRij mice. In addition, using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, we generated C57BL/Glipr1-/- mice and showed that loss of Glipr1 in vivo did not affect normal haematopoiesis or the development of monoclonal plasma cell expansions in these mice up to one year of age. Taken together, our results suggest that GLIPR1 is unlikely to be a potent tumour suppressor in multiple myeloma. However, it remains possible that the down-regulation of GLIPR1 may cooperate with other genetic lesions to promote the development of myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Friend
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jacqueline E. Noll
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Khatora S. Opperman
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kimberley C. Clark
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Krzysztof M. Mrozik
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kate Vandyke
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Duncan R. Hewett
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew C. W. Zannettino
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou E, Kanellias N, Kastritis E, Gavriatopoulou M, Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA. Efficacy of Panobinostat for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:7131802. [PMID: 32411240 PMCID: PMC7201625 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Panobinostat represents a potent oral nonselective pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAC) with activity in myeloma patients. It has been approved by the FDA and EMA in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone for the treatment of multiple myeloma, in patients who have received at least two prior regimens, including bortezomib and an immunomodulatory agent. In order to further explore its clinical potential, it is evaluated in different combinations in relapsed/refractory and newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. This review focuses on available data about panobinostat's pharmacology and its role in clinical practice. This review will reveal panobinostat's efficacy as antimyeloma treatment, describing drug evolution from preclinical experimental administration to administration in phase III trials, which established its role in current clinical practice. Based on the latest data, we will present its mechanism of action, its efficacy, and most important issues regarding its toxicity profile. We will further try to shed light on its role in current and future therapeutic landscape of myeloma patients. Panobinostat retains its role in therapy of multiple myeloma because of its manageable toxicity profile and its efficacy, mainly in heavily pretreated multiple myeloma patients. These characteristics make it valuable also for novel regimens in combination with second-generation proteasome inhibitors, IMiDs, and monoclonal antibodies. Results of ongoing trials are expected to shed light on drug introduction in different therapeutic combinations or even at an earlier level of disease course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kanellias
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gavriatopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Meletios Athanasios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li X, Yu B, Wu X, Zhang J, Jia C, Wang Z, Zhou Q, Zhou H, Yi G, Chen X, Fu S. Associations between Placental Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Gene Expression, DNA Methylation and Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Health (London) 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2020.123022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
41
|
Morandi F, Airoldi I, Marimpietri D, Bracci C, Faini AC, Gramignoli R. CD38, a Receptor with Multifunctional Activities: From Modulatory Functions on Regulatory Cell Subsets and Extracellular Vesicles, to a Target for Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2019; 8:E1527. [PMID: 31783629 PMCID: PMC6953043 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional cell surface protein endowed with receptor/enzymatic functions. The protein is generally expressed at low/intermediate levels on hematological tissues and some solid tumors, scoring the highest levels on plasma cells (PC) and PC-derived neoplasia. CD38 was originally described as a receptor expressed by activated cells, mainly T lymphocytes, wherein it also regulates cell adhesion and cooperates in signal transduction mediated by major receptor complexes. Furthermore, CD38 metabolizes extracellular NAD+, generating ADPR and cyclic ADPR. This ecto-enzyme controls extra-cellular nucleotide homeostasis and intra-cellular calcium fluxes, stressing its relevance in multiple physiopathological conditions (infection, tumorigenesis and aging). In clinics, CD38 was adopted as a cell activation marker and in the diagnostic/staging of leukemias. Quantitative surface CD38 expression by multiple myeloma (MM) cells was the basic criterion used for therapeutic application of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Anti-CD38 mAbs-mediated PC depletion in autoimmunity and organ transplants is currently under investigation. This review analyzes different aspects of CD38's role in regulatory cell populations and how these effects are obtained. Characterizing CD38 functional properties may widen the extension of therapeutic applications for anti-CD38 mAbs. The availability of therapeutic mAbs with different effects on CD38 enzymatic functions may be rapidly translated to immunotherapeutic strategies of cell immune defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Morandi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (I.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Irma Airoldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (I.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Danilo Marimpietri
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (I.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Cristiano Bracci
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.B.); (A.C.F.)
- CeRMS, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Angelo Corso Faini
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.B.); (A.C.F.)
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors upregulate CD38 protein expression and enhance daratumumab efficacy in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2019; 34:938-941. [PMID: 31595037 PMCID: PMC7214267 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
43
|
Cypris O, Božić T, Wagner W. Chicken or Egg: Is Clonal Hematopoiesis Primarily Caused by Genetic or Epigenetic Aberrations? Front Genet 2019; 10:785. [PMID: 31552094 PMCID: PMC6746886 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic malignancies, including multiple myeloma, are associated with characteristic mutations and genetic instabilities that drive malignant transformation. On the other hand, tumor formation is also associated with drastic epigenetic aberrations, which can impact the genetic sequence. Therefore, the question arises if malignant transformation is primarily caused by genetic or epigenetic events. The tight connection of these processes becomes obvious by the fact that in several malignancies, as well as in age-related clonal hematopoiesis, mutations are particularly observed in epigenetic writers such as DNMT3A and TET2. On the other hand, specific epigenetic aberrations, so-called “epimutations,” can mimic genomic mutations. In contrast to the genetic sequence, which remains relatively stable throughout life, the epigenome notoriously undergoes drastic changes in normal hematopoietic development and aging. It is conceivable that such epigenetic reorganization, e.g., in 3D chromatin conformation, paves the way for secondary chromosomal instabilities, which then result in tumor-specific genomic changes that further trigger disease progression. This scenario might explain the occurrence of tumor-specific mutations particularly in the elderly. Taken together, the causality dilemma is difficult to solve because genetic and epigenetic aberrations are interlinked during disease development. A better understanding of how the chromatin structure or 3D nuclear organization can evoke specific mutations might provide new perspectives for prevention, early diagnostics, and targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Cypris
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering - Cell Biology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tanja Božić
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering - Cell Biology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering - Cell Biology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sheng J, Shi W, Guo H, Long W, Wang Y, Qi J, Liu J, Xu Y. The Inhibitory Effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Breast Cancer Progression via Reducing SCUBE2 Methylation and DNMT Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162899. [PMID: 31404982 PMCID: PMC6719997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are important mechanisms responsible for cancer progression. Accumulating data suggest that (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin of green tea, may hamper carcinogenesis by targeting epigenetic alterations. We found that signal peptide-CUB (complement protein C1r/C1s, Uegf, and Bmp1)-EGF (epidermal growth factor) domain-containing protein 2 (SCUBE2), a tumor suppressor gene, was hypermethylated in breast tumors. However, it is unknown whether EGCG regulates SCUBE2 methylation, and the mechanisms remain undefined. This study was designed to investigate the effect of EGCG on SCUBE2 methylation in breast cancer cells. We reveal that EGCG possesses a significantly inhibitory effect on cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner and presents more effects than other catechins. EGCG treatment resulted in enhancement of the SCUBE2 gene, along with elevated E-cadherin and decreased vimentin expression, leading to significant suppression of cell migration and invasion. The inhibitory effect of EGCG on SCUBE2 knock-down cells was remarkably alleviated. Further study demonstrated that EGCG significantly decreased the SCUBE2 methylation status by reducing DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) expression and activity. In summary, this study reported for the first time that SCUBE2 methylation can be reversed by EGCG treatment, finally resulting in the inhibition of breast cancer progression. These results suggest the epigenetic role of EGCG and its potential implication in breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sheng
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Weilin Shi
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Wenlin Long
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Jiangfa Qi
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Jinbiao Liu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yao Xu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kalff A, Khong T, Mithraprabhu S, Bergin K, Reynolds J, Bowen KM, Thakurta A, Guzman R, Wang M, Couto S, Ren Y, Spencer A. Oral azacitidine (CC-486) in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in advanced, lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma (ROAR study). Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:2143-2151. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1571201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kalff
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Malignant Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tiffany Khong
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sridurga Mithraprabhu
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Krystal Bergin
- Malignant Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Reynolds
- Alfred Health and Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kathryn M. Bowen
- Malignant Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan Ren
- Celgene Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Malignant Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Barwick BG, Gupta VA, Vertino PM, Boise LH. Cell of Origin and Genetic Alterations in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1121. [PMID: 31231360 PMCID: PMC6558388 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell activation and differentiation yields plasma cells with high affinity antibodies to a given antigen in a time-frame that allows for host protection. Although the end product is most commonly humoral immunity, the rapid proliferation and somatic mutation of the B cell receptor also results in oncogenic mutations that cause B cell malignancies including plasma cell neoplasms such as multiple myeloma. Myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy and results in over 100,000 deaths per year worldwide. The genetic alterations that occur in the germinal center, however, are not sufficient to cause myeloma, but rather impart cell proliferation potential on plasma cells, which are normally non-dividing. This pre-malignant state, referred to as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or MGUS, provides the opportunity for further genetic and epigenetic alterations eventually resulting in a progressive disease that becomes symptomatic. In this review, we will provide a brief history of clonal gammopathies and detail how some of the key discoveries were interwoven with the study of plasma cells. We will also review the genetic and epigenetic alterations discovered over the past 25 years, how these are instrumental to myeloma pathogenesis, and what these events teach us about myeloma and plasma cell biology. These data will be placed in the context of normal B cell development and differentiation and we will discuss how understanding the biology of plasma cells can lead to more effective therapies targeting multiple myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G. Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Vikas A. Gupta
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Paula M. Vertino
- Department of Biomedical Genetics and the Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Lawrence H. Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li J, Hu WX, Luo SQ, Xiong DH, Sun S, Wang YP, Bu XF, Liu J, Hu J. Promoter methylation induced epigenetic silencing of DAZAP2, a downstream effector of p38/MAPK pathway, in multiple myeloma cells. Cell Signal 2019; 60:136-145. [PMID: 31034872 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is hematological malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow environment. Previously, we identified DAZAP2 as a candidate cancer suppressor gene, the downregulation of which is regulated by its own promoter methylation status. In the current study, we analyzed the DAZAP2 promoter in MM cell lines KM3, MM.1S, OPM-2, and ARH77 by bisulfite genomic sequencing assay. We identified the binding site for transcription factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding (CREB) in the DAZAP2 promoter CpG2, and we found that hypermethylation of the CREB binding motif in the DAZAP2 promoter is responsible for the reduced DAZAP2 expression in MM cells. Later we checked the p38/MAPK signaling cascade, which is reported to regulate expression and function of CREB. Our results showed that the p38/MAPK signaling pathway drives the expression of DAZAP2 by phosphorylation of CREB, and hypermethylation of CREB binding motif in DAZAP2 promoter can inhibit binding of CREB to the latter, thus downregulating DAZAP2 expression. Moreover, treating the MM cells with 5-aza-2' deoxycytidine to demethylate DAZAP2 promoter restored the binding of CREB to its binding motif, and thus upregulated DAZAP2 expression. Our results not only identified DAZAP2 as a new downstream target of p38/MAPK/CREB signaling cascade, but we also clarified that the downregulation of DAZAP2 in MM cells is caused by hypermethylation of CREB binding motif in its own promoter region, which implies that demethylation of DAZAP2 promoter can be a novel therapeutic strategy for MM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Wei-Xin Hu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Sai-Qun Luo
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - De-Hui Xiong
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yan-Peng Wang
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xiu-Fen Bu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
| | - Jingping Hu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Science, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang J, Ye ZW, Townsend DM, Hughes-Halbert C, Tew KD. Racial disparities, cancer and response to oxidative stress. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 144:343-383. [PMID: 31349903 PMCID: PMC7104807 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
At the intersection of genetics, biochemistry and behavioral sciences, there is a largely untapped opportunity to consider how ethnic and racial disparities contribute to individual sensitivity to reactive oxygen species and how these might influence susceptibility to various cancers and/or response to classical cancer treatment regimens that pervasively result in the formation of such chemical species. This chapter begins to explore these connections and builds a platform from which to consider how the disciplines can be strengthened further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Chanita Hughes-Halbert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Monitoring tumour burden and therapeutic response through analysis of circulating tumour DNA and extracellular RNA in multiple myeloma patients. Leukemia 2019; 33:2022-2033. [PMID: 30992504 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring tumour burden and therapeutic response through analyses of circulating cell-free tumour DNA (ctDNA) and extracellular RNA (exRNA) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients were performed in a Phase Ib trial of 24 relapsed/refractory patients receiving oral azacitidine in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone. Mutational characterisation of paired BM and PL samples at study entry identified that patients with a higher number of mutations or a higher mutational fractional abundance in PL had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (p = 0.005 and p = 0.018, respectively). A decrease in ctDNA levels at day 5 of cycle 1 of treatment (C1D5) correlated with superior progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.017). Evaluation of exRNA transcripts of candidate biomarkers indicated that high CRBN levels coupled with low levels of SPARC at baseline were associated with shorter OS (p = 0.000003). IKZF1 fold-change <0.05 at C1D5 was associated with shorter PFS (p = 0.0051) and OS (p = 0.0001). Furthermore, patients with high baseline CRBN coupled with low fold-change at C1D5 were at the highest risk of progression (p = 0.0001). In conclusion, this exploratory analysis has provided the first demonstration in MM of ctDNA for predicting disease outcome and of the utility of exRNA as a biomarker of therapeutic response.
Collapse
|
50
|
Li S, Vallet S, Sacco A, Roccaro A, Lentzsch S, Podar K. Targeting transcription factors in multiple myeloma: evolving therapeutic strategies. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:445-462. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1605354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonia Vallet
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Antonio Sacco
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Aldo Roccaro
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Suzanne Lentzsch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Klaus Podar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| |
Collapse
|