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Mousa NA, Hussein A, Elemam NM, Mohammed G, Elwany M, Basha T, AlHammadi AA, Majzob RS, Talaat IM. Are embryonic stem cell markers and ALDH1A1 relevant in the context of breast cancer estrogen positivity? Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7004. [PMID: 38400679 PMCID: PMC10891463 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryonic pluripotency markers are recognized for their role in ER- BC aggressiveness, but their significance in ER+ BC remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of expression of pluripotency markers in ER+ BC and their effect on survival and prognostic indicators. METHODS We analyzed data of ER+ BC patients from three large cancer datasets to assess the expression of three pluripotency markers (NANOG, SOX-2, and OCT4), and the stem cell marker ALDH1A1. Additionally, we investigated associations between gene expression, through mRNA-Seq analysis, and overall survival (OS). The prevalence of mutational variants within these genes was explored. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), we examined the expression and associations with clinicopathologic prognostic indicators of the four markers in 81 ER+ BC patients. RESULTS Through computational analysis, NANOG and ALDH1A1 genes were significantly upregulated in ER+ BC compared to ER- BC patients (p < 0.001), while POU5F1 (OCT4) was downregulated (p < 0.001). NANOG showed an adverse impact on OS whereas ALDH1A1 was associated with a highly significant improved survival in ER+ BC (p = 4.7e-6), except for the PR- and HER2+ subgroups. Copy number alterations (CNAs) ranged from 0.4% to 1.6% in these genes, with the highest rate detected in SOX2. In the IHC study, approximately one-third of tumors showed moderate to strong expression of each of the four markers, with 2-4 markers strongly co-expressed in 56.8% of cases. OCT-4 and ALDH1A1 showed a significant association with a high KI-67 index (p = 0.009 and 0.008, respectively), while SOX2 showed a significant association with perinodal fat invasion (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION Pluripotency markers and ALDH1A1 are substantially expressed in ER+ BC tumors with different, yet significant, associations with prognostic and survival outcomes. This study suggests these markers as targets for prospective clinical validation studies of their prognostic value and their possible therapeutic roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A. Mousa
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Hussein
- Family and Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Noha M. Elemam
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Mohammed
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Mona Elwany
- Medical Research Institute, Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Tasneem Basha
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Amal A. AlHammadi
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Rana S. Majzob
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of MedicineUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- Medical Research Institute, Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
- Pathology Department, Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
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Ge X, Li M, Song G, Zhang Z, Yin J, Ge Z, Shi Z, Liu L, Jiang B, Qian X, Shen H. Chromium (VI)-induced ALDH1A1/EGF axis promotes lung cancer progression. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1136. [PMID: 36504325 PMCID: PMC9742488 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cr(VI) is broadly applied in industry. Cr(VI) exposure places a big burden on public health, thereby increasing the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). The mechanisms underlying Cr(VI)-induced LUSC remain largely elusive. Here, we report that the cancer stem cell (CSC)/tumour-initiating cell (TIC)-like subgroup within Cr(VI)-transformed bronchial epithelial cells (CrT) promotes lung cancer tumourigenesis. Mechanistically, Cr(VI) exposure specifically increases the expression levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), a CSC marker, through KLF4-mediated transcription. ALDH1A1 maintains self-renewal of CrT/TICs and facilitates the expression and secretion of EGF from CrT/TICs, which subsequently promotes the activation of EGFR signalling in differentiated cancer cells and tumour growth of LUSC. In addition, the ALDH1A1 inhibitor A37 and gemcitabine synergistically suppress LUSC progression. Importantly, high ALDH1A1 expression levels are positively correlated with advanced clinical stages and predict poor survival in LUSC patients. These findings elucidate how ALDH1A1 modulates EGF secretion from TICs to facilitate LUSC tumourigenesis, highlighting new therapeutic strategies for malignant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of EducationNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Mengdie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Guo‐Xin Song
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jianxing Yin
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Zehe Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Zhumei Shi
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Ling‐Zhi Liu
- Department of PathologyAnatomy and Cell BiologyDepartment of Medical OncologyThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Bing‐Hua Jiang
- The Academy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450000China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of EducationNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Hua Shen
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of OncologySir Run Run HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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Hwang M, Medley S, Shakeel F, Vanderwerff B, Zawistowski M, Kidwell KM, Hertz DL. Lack of association of CYP2B6 pharmacogenetics with cyclophosphamide toxicity in patients with cancer. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:7355-7363. [PMID: 35606478 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cyclophosphamide is a commonly used cancer agent that is metabolically activated by polymorphic enzymes. This study aims to investigate the association between predicted activity of candidate pharmacogenes with severe toxicity during cyclophosphamide treatment. METHODS Genome-wide genetic data was collected from an institutional genetic data repository for CYP2B6, CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, GSTA1, GSTP1, ALDH1A1, ALDH3A1, ABCC1, ABCB1, and ERCC1. Treatment and toxicity data were retrospectively collected from the patient's medical record. The a priori selected primary hypothesis was that patients who have CYP2B6 reduced metabolizer activity (poor or intermediate (PM/IM) vs. normal (NM) metabolizer) have lower risk of severe toxicity or cyclophosphamide treatment modification due to toxicity. RESULTS In the primary analysis of 510 cyclophosphamide-treated patients with available genetic data, there was no difference in the odds of severe toxicity or treatment modification due to toxicity in CYP2B6 PM/IM vs. NM (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.62-1.50, p = 0.88). In an exploratory, statistically uncorrected secondary analysis, carriers of the ALDH1A1 rs8187996 variant had a lower risk of the primary toxicity endpoint compared with wild-type homozygous patients (odds ratio = 0.31, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.09-0.78, p = 0.028). None of the other tested phenotypes or genotypes was associated with the primary or secondary endpoints in unadjusted analysis (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The finding that patients who carry ALDH1A1 rs8187996 may have a lower risk of cyclophosphamide toxicity than wild-type patients contradicts a prior finding for this variant and should be viewed with skepticism. We found weak evidence that any of these candidate pharmacogenetic predictors of cyclophosphamide toxicity may be useful to personalize cyclophosphamide dosing to optimize therapeutic outcomes in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Hwang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Room 2560C, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1065, USA
| | - Sarah Medley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
| | - Faisal Shakeel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Room 2560C, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1065, USA
| | - Brett Vanderwerff
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
| | - Kelley M Kidwell
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
| | - Daniel L Hertz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Room 2560C, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1065, USA.
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Nachiyappan A, Soon JLJ, Lim HJ, Lee VK, Taneja R. EHMT1 promotes tumor progression and maintains stemness by regulating ALDH1A1 expression in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. J Pathol 2022; 256:349-362. [PMID: 34897678 DOI: 10.1002/path.5848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is an aggressive pediatric cancer with poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are seeds for tumor relapse and metastasis. However, pathways that maintain stemness genes are not fully understood. Here, we report that the enzyme euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) is expressed in primary and relapse ARMS tumors. EHMT1 suppression impaired motility and induced differentiation in ARMS cell lines and reduced tumor progression in a mouse xenograft model in vivo. RNA sequencing of EHMT1-depleted cells revealed downregulation of ALDH1A1 that is associated with CSCs. Consistent with this, inhibition of ALDH1A1 expression and activity mimicked EHMT1 depletion phenotypes and reduced tumorsphere formation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that EHMT1 does not bind to the ALDH1A1 promoter but activates it by stabilizing C/EBPβ, a known regulator of ALDH1A1 expression. Our findings identify a role for EHMT1 in maintenance of stemness by regulating ALDH1A1 expression and suggest that targeting ALDH+ cells is a promising strategy in ARMS. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alamelu Nachiyappan
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua Ling Jun Soon
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huey Jin Lim
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor Km Lee
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Zhang D, Li Q, Zhang D, Yang X, Wang C, Zhang R, Yang X, Li Z, Xiong Y. An eQTL variant of ALDH1A2 is associated with Kashin-Beck disease in Chinese population. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 40:317-326. [PMID: 35059888 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of the study were to investigate the relationship between aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2 (ALDH1A2) and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), explore the effects of the rs3204689 polymorphism and methylation status on the expression levels of ALDH1A2, and further clarify the pathogenesis of KBD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The genotype of ALDH1A2 rs3204689 was detected by PCR-RFLP in 103 KBD patients and 109 healthy controls in the whole blood. The mRNA level of ALDH1A2 was measured by qRT-PCR, and the protein expression was detected using IHC staining and Western blotting. The MSP-PCR was used to identify the ALDH1A2 methylation level. RESULTS There were significant differences in G/G, G/C, and C/C frequencies of ALDH1A2 rs3204689 between the KBD and control groups (χ2 = 7.113, P = 0.029); the minor allele G of ALDH1A2 was associated with the risk of KBD (χ2 = 5.984, P = 0.014). The mRNA and protein levels of ALDH1A2 were increased in the whole blood and cartilage of KBD patients compared with the controls (P = 0.049, P < 0.0001, P = 0.019). Meanwhile, a statistically significant difference was observed between G/G, G/C and C/C genotype on mRNA expression (P = 0.039). The methylation level of the ALDH1A2 gene promoter region showed no significant difference between the KBD and control groups (χ2 = 0.317, P = 0.573). CONCLUSION Our case-control study indicates that the common variant rs3204689 near ALDH1A2 is associated with KBD in Chinese population. The risk allele G of rs3204689 is statistically linked to the high expression of ALDH1A2, which is up-regulated in the cartilage and whole blood of KBD patients. Our findings suggest a potential role of ALDH1A2 in the pathogenesis of KBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongqiang Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuena Yang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofang Li
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Xiong
- Institute of Endemic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Topping T, Griswold MD. Global Deletion of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2 Genes Does Not Affect Viability but Blocks Spermatogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:871225. [PMID: 35574006 PMCID: PMC9097449 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.871225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition of undifferentiated A spermatogonia to differentiated spermatogonia requires the action of retinoic acid (RA). The synthesis of retinoic acid from retinal in the seminiferous epithelium is a result of the action of aldehyde dehydrogenases termed ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, and ALDH1A3. We used a mouse with a global deletion of the Aldh1a1 gene that is phenotypically normal and the CRE-loxP approach to eliminate Aldh1a2 genes globally and from Sertoli cells and germ cells. The results show that global elimination of Aldh1a1 and Aldh1a2 genes blocks spermatogenesis but does not appear to affect viability. The cell specific elimination of Aldh1a2 gene showed that retinoic acid synthesis by Sertoli cells is required for the initial round of spermatogonial differentiation but that there is no requirement for retinoic acid synthesis by germ cells. In both the global gene deletion and the cell specific gene deletions the maintenance of Aldh1a3 activity could not compensate.
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Russo L, Sladitschek HL, Neveu PA. Multi-layered regulation of neuroectoderm differentiation by retinoic acid in a primitive streak-like context. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:231-244. [PMID: 35063128 PMCID: PMC8828549 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of the primitive streak (PS) and the subsequent induction of neuroectoderm are hallmarks of gastrulation. Combining an in vitro reconstitution of this process based on mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) with a collection of knockouts in reporter mESC lines, we identified retinoic acid (RA) as a critical mediator of early neural induction triggered by TGFβ or Wnt signaling inhibition. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis captured the temporal unfolding of cell type diversification, up to the emergence of somite and neural fates. In the absence of the RA-synthesizing enzyme Aldh1a2, a sensitive RA reporter revealed a hitherto unidentified residual RA signaling that specified neural fate. Genetic evidence showed that the RA-degrading enzyme Cyp26a1 protected PS-like cells from neural induction, even in the absence of TGFβ and Wnt antagonists. Overall, we characterized a multi-layered control of RA levels that regulates early neural differentiation in an in vitro PS-like system. In vitro reconstitution of neural induction by primitive streak-like cells Retinoic acid mediates neural induction triggered by TGFβ or Wnt signaling inhibition A sensitive activity reporter reveals Aldh1a2-independent retinoic acid signaling Cyp26a1 protects primitive streak-like cells from neural induction
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Russo
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Joint PhD Degree from EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna L Sladitschek
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre A Neveu
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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López-Pérez A, Norlin S, Steneberg P, Remeseiro S, Edlund H, Hörnblad A. Pan-AMPK activator O304 prevents gene expression changes and remobilisation of histone marks in islets of diet-induced obese mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24410. [PMID: 34949756 PMCID: PMC8702551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03567-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and has emerged as a promising target for treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) due to its beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. O304 is a pan-AMPK activator that has been shown to improve glucose homeostasis in both mouse models of diabetes and in human T2D subjects. Here, we describe the genome-wide transcriptional profile and chromatin landscape of pancreatic islets following O304 treatment of mice fed high-fat diet (HFD). O304 largely prevented genome-wide gene expression changes associated with HFD feeding in CBA mice and these changes were associated with remodelling of active and repressive chromatin marks. In particular, the increased expression of the β-cell stress marker Aldh1a3 in islets from HFD-mice is completely abrogated following O304 treatment, which is accompanied by loss of active chromatin marks in the promoter as well as distant non-coding regions upstream of the Aldh1a3 gene. Moreover, O304 treatment restored dysfunctional glucose homeostasis as well as expression of key markers associated with β-cell function in mice with already established obesity. Our findings provide preclinical evidence that O304 is a promising therapeutic compound not only for T2D remission but also for restoration of β-cell function following remission of T2D diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Pérez
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stefan Norlin
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pär Steneberg
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Silvia Remeseiro
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helena Edlund
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Andreas Hörnblad
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
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Xiao T, Zhang P, Feng T, Lu K, Wang X, Zhou S, Qiang Y. Butyrate functions in concert with myeloid-derived suppressor cells recruited by CCR9 to alleviate DSS-induced murine colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:108034. [PMID: 34426112 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a precancerous disease caused mainly by a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and microbiota dysbiosis. As a kind of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), butyrate has been shown to be closely related to the progression of colitis. However, the exact regulatory mechanism of butyrate in colitis needs to be further elucidated. In our current research, the effects of butyrate were examined in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis model, which simulates human UC. The administration of butyrate significantly reversed the signs of colitis and alleviated colonic histological damage in DSS‑induced colitis. The transcription levels of the main proinflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-12, were also reduced, as determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). This indicates that butyrate could alleviate DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting proinflammatory mediators. In addition, we found that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which have an inflammation-relieving effect, did not effectively alleviate DSS‑induced colitis but showed a compensatory increase in the DSS group. However, the compensatory increase in MDSCs in the DSS group significantly decreased after butyrate treatment. Moreover, the chemokine receptor CCR9, which mediates the homing of intestinal immune cells, also showed consistent changes similar to MDSCs. Butyrate alone did not have the aforementioned effects on mice. Thus, butyrate may effectively relieve DSS‑induced colitis by synergistic regulatory effects with MDSCs, which migrate and gather through CCR9 recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224000, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Tongbao Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yetao Qiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
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Narendra G, Raju B, Verma H, Silakari O. Identification of potential genes associated with ALDH1A1 overexpression and cyclophosphamide resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia using network analysis. Med Oncol 2021; 38:123. [PMID: 34491453 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP), an important alkylating agent which is used in the treatment therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, acquired drug resistance owing to the inactivation of its active metabolite aldophosphamide via tumoral-overexpressing aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1) is one of the major issues with the CP therapy. However, the underlying mechanism of ALDH1A1 overexpression in cancer cells remains poorly defined. Therefore, the current study focused on analyzing the ALDH1A1-overexpressing microarray data for CP resistance and CP-sensitive CML cell lines. In this study, the microarray dataset was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus GEO. The GEO2R tool was used to identify Differentially Expressing Genes (DEGs). Further, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs were constructed using STRING database. Finally, Hub gene-miRNA-TFs interaction were constructed using miRNet tool. A total of 749 DEGs including 387 upregulated and 225 downregulated genes were identified from this pool of microarray data. The construction of DEGs network resulted in identification of three genes including ZEB2, EZH2, and MUC1 were found to be majorly responsible for ALDH1A1 overexpression. miRNA analysis identified that, hsa-mir-16-5p and hsa-mir-26a-5p as hub miRNA which are commonly interacting with maximum target genes. Additionally, drug-gene interaction analysis was performed to identify drugs which are responsible for ALDH1A1 expression. The entire study may provide a deeper understanding about ALDH1A1 regulatory genes responsible for its overexpression in CP resistance cancer. This understanding may be further explore for developing possible co-therapy to avoid the ALDH1A1-mediated CP resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gera Narendra
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Baddipadige Raju
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Himanshu Verma
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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11
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Yu Q, Biswas S, Ma G, Zhao P, Li B, Li J. Canonical NF-κB signaling maintains corneal epithelial integrity and prevents corneal aging via retinoic acid. eLife 2021; 10:e67315. [PMID: 34085926 PMCID: PMC8192125 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of the transparent cornea affect millions of people worldwide. However, how to maintain and/or regenerate this organ remains unclear. Here, we show that Rela (encoding a canonical NF-κB subunit) ablation in K14+ corneal epithelial stem cells not only disrupts corneal regeneration but also results in age-dependent epithelial deterioration, which triggers aberrant wound-healing processes including stromal remodeling, neovascularization, epithelial metaplasia, and plaque formation at the central cornea. These anomalies are largely recapitulated in normal mice that age naturally. Mechanistically, Rela deletion suppresses expression of Aldh1a1, an enzyme required for retinoic acid synthesis from vitamin A. Retinoic acid administration blocks development of ocular anomalies in Krt14-Cre; Relaf/f mice and naturally aged mice. Moreover, epithelial metaplasia and plaque formation are preventable by inhibition of angiogenesis. This study thus uncovers the major mechanisms governing corneal maintenance, regeneration, and aging and identifies the NF-κB-retinoic acid pathway as a therapeutic target for corneal disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family/genetics
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family/metabolism
- Animals
- Burns, Chemical/drug therapy
- Burns, Chemical/etiology
- Burns, Chemical/metabolism
- Burns, Chemical/pathology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Senescence/drug effects
- Corneal Neovascularization/metabolism
- Corneal Neovascularization/pathology
- Corneal Neovascularization/prevention & control
- Corneal Stroma/drug effects
- Corneal Stroma/metabolism
- Corneal Stroma/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epithelium, Corneal/drug effects
- Epithelium, Corneal/metabolism
- Epithelium, Corneal/pathology
- Eye Burns/chemically induced
- Eye Burns/drug therapy
- Eye Burns/metabolism
- Eye Burns/pathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Regeneration/drug effects
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stem Cells/drug effects
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- Stem Cells/pathology
- Transcription Factor RelA/genetics
- Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Soma Biswas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Gang Ma
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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12
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Wang Z, Mohan R, Chen X, Matson K, Waugh J, Mao Y, Zhang S, Li W, Tang X, Satin LS, Tang X. microRNA-483 Protects Pancreatic β-Cells by Targeting ALDH1A3. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6132087. [PMID: 33564883 PMCID: PMC7951052 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is central to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been associated with pancreatic islet dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Previous study has shown that miR-483 is expressed relatively higher in β-cells than in α-cells. To explore the physiological function of miR-483, we generated a β-cell-specific knockout mouse model of miR-483. Loss of miR-483 enhances high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance by the attenuation of diet-induced insulin release. Intriguingly, mice with miR-483 deletion exhibited loss of β-cell features, as indicated by elevated expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1, subfamily A3 (Aldh1a3), a marker of β-cell dedifferentiation. Moreover, Aldh1a3 was validated as a direct target of miR-483 and overexpression of miR-483 repressed Aldh1a3 expression. Genetic ablation of miR-483 also induced alterations in blood lipid profile. Collectively, these data suggest that miR-483 is critical in protecting β-cell function by repressing the β-cell disallowed gene Aldh1a3. The dysregulated miR-483 may impair insulin secretion and initiate β-cell dedifferentiation during the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Ramkumar Mohan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Xinqian Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Katy Matson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Jackson Waugh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Yiping Mao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Shungang Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Wanzhen Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Xiaohu Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Leslie S Satin
- Department of Pharmacology, Brehm Center for Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
- Correspondence: Xiaoqing Tang, PhD, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
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13
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Wojtowicz K, Sterzyńska K, Świerczewska M, Nowicki M, Zabel M, Januchowski R. Piperine Targets Different Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines Leading to Increased Sensitivity to Cytotoxic Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084243. [PMID: 33921897 PMCID: PMC8073496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Our goal was to examine the anticancer effects of piperine against the resistant human ovarian cancer cells and to explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for its anticancer effects. Our study used drug-sensitive ovarian cancer cell line W1 and its sublines resistant to paclitaxel (PAC) and topotecan (TOP). We analyzed the cytotoxic effect of piperine and cytostatic drugs using an MTT assay. The impact of piperine on protein expression was determined by immunofluorescence and Western blot. We also examined its effect on cell proliferation and migration. We noticed a different level of piperine resistance between cell lines. Piperine increases the cytotoxic effect of PAC and TOP in drug-resistant cells. We observed an increase in PTPRK expression correlated with decreased pTYR level after piperine treatment and downregulation of P-gp and BCRP expression. We also noted a decrease in COL3A1 and TGFBI expression in investigated cell lines and increased COL3A1 expression in media from W1PR2 cells. The expression of Ki67 protein and cell proliferation rate decreased after piperine treatment. Piperine markedly inhibited W1TR cell migration. Piperine can be considered a potential anticancer agent that can increase chemotherapy effectiveness in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Wojtowicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.S.); (M.Ś.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (R.J.)
| | - Karolina Sterzyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.S.); (M.Ś.); (M.N.)
| | - Monika Świerczewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.S.); (M.Ś.); (M.N.)
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland; (K.S.); (M.Ś.); (M.N.)
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Zyty 28 St., 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland;
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 6a St., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Radosław Januchowski
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Zyty 28 St., 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (R.J.)
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14
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Beecroft SJ, Ayala M, McGillivray G, Nanda V, Agolini E, Novelli A, Digilio MC, Dotta A, Carrozzo R, Clayton J, Gaffney L, McLean CA, Ng J, Laing NG, Matteson P, Millonig J, Ravenscroft G. Biallelic hypomorphic variants in ALDH1A2 cause a novel lethal human multiple congenital anomaly syndrome encompassing diaphragmatic, pulmonary, and cardiovascular defects. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:506-519. [PMID: 33565183 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study shows a causal association between ALDH1A2 variants and a novel, severe multiple congenital anomaly syndrome in humans that is neonatally lethal due to associated pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory failure. In two families, exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous missense variants in ALDH1A2. ALDH1A2 is involved in the conversion of retinol (vitamin A) into retinoic acid (RA), which is an essential regulator of diaphragm and cardiovascular formation during embryogenesis. Reduced RA causes cardiovascular, diaphragmatic, and associated pulmonary defects in several animal models, matching the phenotype observed in our patients. In silico protein modeling showed probable impairment of ALDH1A2 for three of the four substitutions. In vitro studies show a reduction of RA. Few pathogenic variants in genes encoding components of the retinoic signaling pathway have been described to date, likely due to embryonic lethality. Thus, this study contributes significantly to knowledge of the role of this pathway in human diaphragm and cardiovascular development and disease. Some clinical features in our patients are also observed in Fryns syndrome (MIM# 229850), syndromic microphthalmia 9 (MIM# 601186), and DiGeorge syndrome (MIM# 188400). Patients with similar clinical features who are genetically undiagnosed should be tested for recessive ALDH1A2-deficient malformation syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Beecroft
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Centre of Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marcos Ayala
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - George McGillivray
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vikas Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria C Digilio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Dotta
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Joshua Clayton
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Centre of Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lydia Gaffney
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catriona A McLean
- Anatomical Pathology and Victorian Neuromuscular Laboratory Service, Alfred Health and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Ng
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nigel G Laing
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Centre of Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul Matteson
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - James Millonig
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gianina Ravenscroft
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Centre of Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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15
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Federer-Gsponer JR, Müller DC, Zellweger T, Eggimann M, Marston K, Ruiz C, Seifert HH, Rentsch CA, Bubendorf L, Le Magnen C. Patterns of stemness-associated markers in the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2020; 80:1108-1117. [PMID: 32628318 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Putative castration-resistant (CR) stem-like cells (CRSC) have been identified based on their ability to initiate and drive prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence following castration in vivo. Yet the relevance of these CRSC in the course of the human disease and particularly for the transition from hormone-naive (HN) to castration-resistance is unclear. In this study, we aimed at deciphering the significance of CRSC markers in PCa progression. METHODS We constructed a tissue microarray comprising 112 matched HN and CR tissue specimens derived from 55 PCa patients. Expression of eight stemness-associated markers (ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3, ALDH3A1, BMI1, NANOG, NKX3.1, OCT4, SOX2) was assessed by immunohistochemistry and scored as a percentage of positive tumor cells. For each marker, the resulting scores were statistically analyzed and compared to pathological and clinical data associated with the samples. Unsupervised clustering analysis was performed to stratify patients according to the expression of the eight CRSC markers. Publicly-available transcriptional datasets comprising HN and CR PCa samples were interrogated to assess the expression of the factors in silico. RESULTS Immunohistochemical assessment of paired samples revealed atypical patterns of expression and intra- and intertumor heterogeneity for a subset of CRSC markers. While the expression of particular CRSC markers was dynamic over time in some patients, none of the markers showed significant changes in expression upon the development of castration resistance (CR vs HN). Using unsupervised clustering approaches, we identified phenotypic subtypes based on the expression of specific stem-associated markers. In particular, we found (a) patterns of mutual exclusivity for ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 expression, which was also observed at the transcriptomic level in publicly-available PCa datasets, and (b) a phenotypic cluster associated with more aggressive features. Finally, by comparing HN and CR matched samples, we identified phenotypic cluster switches (ie, change of phenotypic cluster between the HN and CR state), that may be associated with clinical and predictive relevance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate stemness-associated patterns that are associated with the development of castration-resistance. These results pave the way toward a deeper understanding of the relevance of CRSC markers in PCa progression and resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David C Müller
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maurice Eggimann
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Marston
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Ruiz
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Cyrill A Rentsch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clémentine Le Magnen
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Ninkina N, Tarasova TV, Chaprov KD, Roman AY, Kukharsky MS, Kolik LG, Ovchinnikov R, Ustyugov AA, Durnev AD, Buchman VL. Alterations in the nigrostriatal system following conditional inactivation of α-synuclein in neurons of adult and aging mice. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 91:76-87. [PMID: 32224067 PMCID: PMC7242904 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) are tightly linked to the gain-of-function of α-synuclein. However, gradual accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates in dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) leads to the depletion of the functional pool of soluble α-synuclein, and therefore, creates loss-of-function conditions, particularly in presynaptic terminals of these neurons. Studies of how this late-onset depletion of a protein involved in many important steps of neurotransmission contributes to PD progression and particularly, to worsening the nigrostriatal pathology at late stages of the disease are limited and obtained data, are controversial. Recently, we produced a mouse line for conditional knockout of the gene encoding α-synuclein, and here we used its tamoxifen-inducible pan-neuronal inactivation to study consequences of the adult-onset (from the age of 6 months) and late-onset (from the age of 12 months) α-synuclein depletion to the nigrostriatal system. No significant changes of animal balance/coordination, the number of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc and the content of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum were observed after adult-onset α-synuclein depletion, but in aging (18-month-old) late-onset depleted mice we found a significant reduction of major dopamine metabolites without changes to the content of dopamine itself. Our data suggest that this might be caused, at least partially, by reduced expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH1a1 and could lead to the accumulation of toxic intermediates of dopamine catabolism. By extrapolating our findings to a potential clinical situation, we suggest that therapeutic downregulation of α-synuclein expression in PD patients is a generally safe option as it should not cause adverse side effects on the functionality of their nigrostriatal system. However, if started in aged patients, this type of therapy might trigger slight functional changes of the nigrostriatal system with potentially unwanted additive effect to already existing pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ninkina
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatiana V Tarasova
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill D Chaprov
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Yu Roman
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Michail S Kukharsky
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation; FSBI Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology (FSBI RZIP), Moscow, Russian Federation; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa G Kolik
- FSBI Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology (FSBI RZIP), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ruslan Ovchinnikov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksey A Ustyugov
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey D Durnev
- FSBI Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology (FSBI RZIP), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir L Buchman
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Moscow Region, Russian Federation.
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17
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Shiah SG, Hsiao JR, Chang HJ, Hsu YM, Wu GH, Peng HY, Chou ST, Kuo CC, Chang JY. MiR-30a and miR-379 modulate retinoic acid pathway by targeting DNA methyltransferase 3B in oral cancer. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:46. [PMID: 32238162 PMCID: PMC7114797 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic silencing of retinoic acid (RA) signaling-related genes have been linked with the pathogenesis and clinical outcome in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) carcinogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the abnormal silencing of RA signaling-related genes in OSCC have not been well investigated. METHODS Using combined analysis of genome-wide gene expression and methylation profile from 40 matched normal-tumor pairs of OSCC specimens, we found a set of retinoid signaling related genes are frequently hypermethylated and downregulated in OSCC patient samples, including alcohol dehydrogenase, iron containing 1 (ADHFE1) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2 (ALDH1A2), which are the important rate-limiting enzymes in synthesis of RA. The expression of ADHFE1 and ALDH1A2 in OSCC patients was determine by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. The binding sites of miR-30a and miR-379 with DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) were predicted using a series of bioinformatic tools, and validated using dual luciferase assay and Western blot analyses. The functions of miR-30a, miR-379, and DNMT3B were accessed by growth and colony formation analyses using gain- and loss-of-function approaches. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was performed to explore the molecular mechanisms by arecoline and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) treatment. RESULTS We demonstrated that deregulated miR-30a and miR-379 could represent a mechanism for the silencing of ADHFE1 and ALDH1A2 in OSCC through targeting DNMT3B. Ectopic expression of miR-30a and miR-379 could induce re-expression of methylation-silenced ADHFE1 and ALDH1A2, and lead to growth inhibition in oral cancer cells. Furthermore, the dysregulation of the miRNAs and DNMT-3B may result from exposure to tobacco smoking and betel quid chewing. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that tobacco smoking and betel quid chewing could repress miR-30a and miR-379, which upregulate the DNMT3B expression, in turn, lead to the hypermethylation of ADHFE1 and ALDH1A genes, consequently, promote the oncogenic activity. These findings highlight the potential use of retinoids in combination with epigenetic modifiers for the prevention or treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shine-Gwo Shiah
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine|, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Collaborative Oncology Group, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ju Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ming Hsu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Hsun Wu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Peng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tau Chou
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Kuo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Yang Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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18
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Martínez-Blanco M, Pérez-Rodríguez L, Lozano-Ojalvo D, Molina E, López-Fandiño R. Ovalbumin-Derived Peptides Activate Retinoic Acid Signalling Pathways and Induce Regulatory Responses Through Toll-Like Receptor Interactions. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030831. [PMID: 32245005 PMCID: PMC7146383 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of a hydrolysate of ovalbumin with pepsin (OP) to preclude Th2-type immunity by the enhancement of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Through Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation, OP enhances the retinoic acid pathway on DCs by means of the induction of aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and it confers upon DC the ability to upregulate interleukin 10 (IL-10) as well as other tolerance-promoting mediators downstream of TRL signalling, such as IL-27, IL-33, Notch ligands, OX40L, and the transcription factors IRF4 and IRF8. OP-conditioned DCs induce the expansion of Foxp3+ and Tr1 cells in co-culture with CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, OP directly conditions CD4+ T cells from naïve mice, without the mediation of DCs, to express aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymes and, in the presence of the Th2 cytokine IL-4 and exogenous TGF-β, it enhances Foxp3 expression. It is noteworthy that, on CD4+ T cells isolated from egg-allergic mice, OP significantly enriches the levels of Foxp3+ and Foxp3+ RORγt+ CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, we show that food peptides may work, analogously to microbial-driven signals, through TLRs, to promote a tolerogenic phenotype on cells of the innate and adaptive immune system, a property that is further enhanced in the context of a Th2 cytokine-rich environment.
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19
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Cheung LYM, Camper SA. PROP1-Dependent Retinoic Acid Signaling Regulates Developmental Pituitary Morphogenesis and Hormone Expression. Endocrinology 2020; 161:bqaa002. [PMID: 31913463 PMCID: PMC7029777 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dietary vitamin A is metabolized into bioactive retinoic acid (RA) in vivo and regulates the development of many embryonic tissues. RA signaling is active in the oral ectoderm-derived tissues of the neuroendocrine system, but its role there has not yet been fully explored. We show here that RA signaling is active during pituitary organogenesis and dependent on the pituitary transcription factor Prop1. Prop1-mutant mice show reduced expression of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene Aldh1a2, which metabolizes the vitamin A-intermediate retinaldehyde into RA. To elucidate the specific function of RA signaling during neuroendocrine development, we studied a conditional deletion of Aldh1a2 and a dominant-negative mouse model of inhibited RA signaling during pituitary organogenesis. These models partially phenocopy Prop1-mutant mice by exhibiting embryonic pituitary dysmorphology and reduced hormone expression, especially thyrotropin. These findings establish the role of RA in embryonic pituitary stem cell progression to differentiated hormone cells and raise the question of gene-by-environment interactions as contributors to pituitary development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Y M Cheung
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sally A Camper
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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20
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Ono K, Keller J, López Ramírez O, González Garrido A, Zobeiri OA, Chang HHV, Vijayakumar S, Ayiotis A, Duester G, Della Santina CC, Jones SM, Cullen KE, Eatock RA, Wu DK. Retinoic acid degradation shapes zonal development of vestibular organs and sensitivity to transient linear accelerations. Nat Commun 2020; 11:63. [PMID: 31896743 PMCID: PMC6940366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Each vestibular sensory epithelium in the inner ear is divided morphologically and physiologically into two zones, called the striola and extrastriola in otolith organ maculae, and the central and peripheral zones in semicircular canal cristae. We found that formation of striolar/central zones during embryogenesis requires Cytochrome P450 26b1 (Cyp26b1)-mediated degradation of retinoic acid (RA). In Cyp26b1 conditional knockout mice, formation of striolar/central zones is compromised, such that they resemble extrastriolar/peripheral zones in multiple features. Mutants have deficient vestibular evoked potential (VsEP) responses to jerk stimuli, head tremor and deficits in balance beam tests that are consistent with abnormal vestibular input, but normal vestibulo-ocular reflexes and apparently normal motor performance during swimming. Thus, degradation of RA during embryogenesis is required for formation of highly specialized regions of the vestibular sensory epithelia with specific functions in detecting head motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Ono
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - James Keller
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Qiagen Sciences Inc., Germantown, MD, 20874, USA
| | - Omar López Ramírez
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Omid A Zobeiri
- Department of Physiology McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1Y6
| | | | - Sarath Vijayakumar
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, 301 Barkley Memorial Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0738, USA
| | - Andrianna Ayiotis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Gregg Duester
- Neuroscience and Aging Research Center, Stanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institutes, Stanford, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Charles C Della Santina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sherri M Jones
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, 301 Barkley Memorial Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0738, USA
| | - Kathleen E Cullen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ruth Anne Eatock
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Doris K Wu
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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21
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Sterzyńska K, Kaźmierczak D, Klejewski A, Świerczewska M, Wojtowicz K, Nowacka M, Brązert J, Nowicki M, Januchowski R. Expression of Osteoblast-Specific Factor 2 (OSF-2, Periostin) Is Associated with Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163927. [PMID: 31412536 PMCID: PMC6719218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main obstacles to the effective treatment of ovarian cancer patients continues to be the drug resistance of cancer cells. Osteoblast-Specific Factor 2 (OSF-2, Periostin) is a secreted extracellular matrix protein (ECM) expressed in fibroblasts during bone and teeth development. Expression of OSF-2 has been also related to the progression and drug resistance of different tumors. The present study investigated the role of OSF-2 by evaluating its expression in the primary serous ovarian cancer cell line, sensitive (W1) and resistant to doxorubicin (DOX) (W1DR) and methotrexate (MTX) (W1MR). The OSF-2 transcript (real-time PCR analysis), protein expression in cell lysates and cell culture medium (western blot), and expression of the OSF-2 protein in cell lines (immunofluorescence) were investigated in this study. Increased expression of OSF-2 mRNA was observed in drug-resistant cells and followed by increased protein expression in cell culture media of drug-resistant cell lines. A subpopulation of ALDH1A1-positive cells was noted for W1DR and W1MR cell lines; however, no direct co-expression with OSF-2 was demonstrated. Both drugs induced OSF-2 expression after a short period of exposure of the drug-sensitive cell line to DOX and MTX. The obtained results indicate that OSF-2 expression might be associated with the development of DOX and MTX resistance in the primary serous W1 ovarian cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Sterzyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dominika Kaźmierczak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Klejewski
- Department of Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 11 St., 60-179 Poznań, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33 St., 60-535 Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Świerczewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina Wojtowicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Nowacka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Brązert
- Department of Obstetrics and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33 St., 60-535 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Radosław Januchowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznań, Poland.
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22
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Ferroni L, Gardin C, Dalla Paola L, Campo G, Cimaglia P, Bellin G, Pinton P, Zavan B. Characterization of Dermal Stem Cells of Diabetic Patients. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070729. [PMID: 31315286 PMCID: PMC6678145 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are lesions that involve loss of epithelium and dermis, sometimes involving deep structures, compartments, and bones. The aim of this work is to investigate the innate regenerative properties of dermal tissue around ulcers by the identification and analysis of resident dermal stem cells (DSCs). Dermal samples were taken at the edge of DFUs, and genes related to the wound healing process were analyzed by the real-time PCR array. The DSCs were isolated and analyzed by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR array to define their stemness properties. The gene expression profile of dermal tissue showed a dysregulation in growth factors, metalloproteinases, collagens, and integrins involved in the wound healing process. In the basal condition, diabetic DSCs adhered on the culture plate with spindle-shaped fibroblast-like morphology. They were positive to the mesenchymal stem cells markers CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, but negative for the hematopoietic markers CD14, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. In diabetic DSCs, the transcription of genes related to self-renewal and cell division were equivalent to that in normal DSCs. However, the expression of CCNA2, CCND2, CDK1, ALDH1A1, and ABCG2 was downregulated compared with that of normal DSCs. These genes are also related to cell cycle progression and stem cell maintenance. Further investigation will improve the understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which these genes together govern cell proliferation, revealing new strategies useful for future treatment of DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Ferroni
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Dalla Paola
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Cimaglia
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
| | - Gloria Bellin
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy
- Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48,033 Cotignola (RA), Italy.
- University of Ferrara, Department of Medical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44,121 Ferrara, Italy.
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23
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Kim EW, De Leon A, Jiang Z, Radu RA, Martineau AR, Chan ED, Bai X, Su WL, Montoya DJ, Modlin RL, Liu PT. Vitamin A Metabolism by Dendritic Cells Triggers an Antimicrobial Response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. mSphere 2019; 4:e00327-19. [PMID: 31167948 PMCID: PMC6553556 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00327-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence correlates low serum vitamin A (retinol) levels with increased susceptibility to active tuberculosis (TB); however, retinol is biologically inactive and must be converted into its bioactive form, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Given that ATRA triggers a Niemann-Pick type C2 (NPC2)-dependent antimicrobial response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we investigated the mechanism by which the immune system converts retinol into ATRA at the site of infection. We demonstrate that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-derived dendritic cells (DCs), but not macrophages, express enzymes in the vitamin A metabolic pathway, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member a2 (ALDH1A2) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family, member 9 (DHRS9), enzymes capable of the two-step conversion of retinol into ATRA, which is subsequently released from the cell. Additionally, mRNA and protein expression levels of ALDH1A2 and DC marker CD1B were lower in tuberculosis lung tissues than in normal lung. The conditioned medium from DCs cultured with retinol stimulated antimicrobial activity from M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages, as well as the expression of NPC2 in monocytes, which was blocked by specific inhibitors, including retinoic acid receptor inhibitor (RARi) or N,N-diethylaminobenzaldehyde (DEAB), an ALDH1A2 inhibitor. These results indicate that metabolism of vitamin A by DCs transactivates macrophage antimicrobial responses.IMPORTANCE Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death by a single infectious agent worldwide. One factor that contributes to the success of the microbe is the deficiency in immunomodulatory nutrients, such as vitamin A (retinol), which are prevalent in areas where TB is endemic. Clinical trials show that restoration of systemic retinol levels in active TB patients is ineffective in mitigating the disease; however, laboratory studies demonstrate that activation of the vitamin A pathway in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages triggers an antimicrobial response. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine the link between host retinol levels and retinoic acid-mediated antimicrobial responses against M. tuberculosis By combining established in vitro models with in situ studies of lung tissue from TB patients, this study demonstrates that the innate immune system utilizes transcellular metabolism leading to activation between dendritic cells and macrophages as a means to combat the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot W Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Avelino De Leon
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhichun Jiang
- Stein Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Roxana A Radu
- Stein Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adrian R Martineau
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward D Chan
- Department of Medicine and Academic Affairs, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Xiyuan Bai
- Department of Medicine and Academic Affairs, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Wen-Lin Su
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dennis J Montoya
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Robert L Modlin
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Philip T Liu
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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24
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Wang Y, Wang CH, Zhang YF, Zhu L, Lei HM, Tang YB. UPLC-MS-based metabolomics reveals metabolic dysregulation in ALDH1A1-overexpressed lung adenocarcinoma cells. Metabolomics 2019; 15:52. [PMID: 30911937 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Specific oncogenotypes can produce distinct metabolic changes in cancer. Recently it is considered that metabolic reprograming contributes heavily to drug resistance. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), is overexpressed in drug resistant lung adenocarcinomas and may be the cause of acquired drug resistance. However, how ALDH1A1 affects metabolic profiling in lung adenocarcinoma cells remains elusive. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate metabolic alterations induced by ALDH1A1 in lung adenocarcinoma in order to better understand the reprogramming and metabolic mechanism of resistance induced by ALDH1A1. METHODS Metabolic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma HCC827-ALDH1A1 cells were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). HCC827-ALDH1A1 metabolic signatures were extracted by univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Furthermore, metabolite enrichment analysis and pathway analysis were performed using MetaboAnalyst 4.0 software. RESULTS Twenty-two metabolites were positively identified using authentic standards, including uridine monophosphate (UMP), uridine diphosphate (UDP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), malic acid, malonyl-coenzyme A, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), coenzyme A and so on. Furthermore, metabolic pathway analysis revealed several dysregulated pathways in HCC827-ALDH1A1 cells, including nucleotide metabolism, urea cycle, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and glycerol phospholipid metabolism etc. CONCLUSION: Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Nearly all patients eventually undergo disease progression due to acquired resistance. Mechanisms of biological acquired resistance need to be identified. Our study identified altered metabolites in HCC827-ALDH1A1 cells, enhancing our knowledge of lung adenocarcinoma metabolic alterations induced by ALDH1A1, creating a novel therapeutic pathway. These metabolic signatures of ALDH1A1 overexpression may shed light on molecular mechanisms in drug-resistant tumors, and on candidate drug targets. Furthermore, new molecular targets may provide the foundation for potential anticancer strategies for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Cong-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yu-Fei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hui-Min Lei
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ya-Bin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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25
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Li H, Zhang J, Chen S, Wang F, Zhang T, Niswander L. Genetic contribution of retinoid-related genes to neural tube defects. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:550-562. [PMID: 29297599 PMCID: PMC5839987 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rare variants are considered underlying causes of complex diseases. The complex and severe group of disorders called neural tube defects (NTDs) results from failure of the neural tube to close during early embryogenesis. Neural tube closure requires the coordination of numerous signaling pathways, including the precise regulation of retinoic acid (RA) concentration, which is controlled by enzymes involved in RA synthesis and degradation. Here, we used a case-control mutation screen study to reveal rare variants in retinoid-related genes in a Han Chinese NTD population by sequencing six genes in 355 NTD cases and 225 controls. More specific rare variants were found in exonic and upstream regions in NTD cases. The RA-responsive genes CYP26A1, CRABP1, and ALDH1A2 harbored NTD-specific rare variants in their upstream regions. Unexpectedly, the majority of missense variants in NTD cases were found in CYP26B1, which encodes a RA degradation enzyme, whereas no missense variants in this gene were found in controls. Functional analysis indicated that the CYP26B1 NTD variants were inefficient in the degradation of RA using assays of RA-induced transcription and RA-initiated neuronal differentiation. Our study supports the contribution of rare variants in RA-related genes to the etiology of human NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Shuyuan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Lee Niswander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045
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26
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Ruivo R, Capitão A, Castro LFC, Santos MM. The cycling gonad: retinoic-acid synthesis and degradation patterns during adult zebrafish Danio rerio oogenesis. J Fish Biol 2018; 92:1051-1064. [PMID: 29465800 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The expression pattern of genes coding for enzymes of the retinoic acid (RA) synthetic and degradation pathways was characterized in adult female zebrafish Danio rerio. Females were conditioned until maturation and post-spawn expression dynamics were determined. A striking upregulation of cyp26b1, but not cyp26a1, was observed following egg deposition, decreasing to initial levels during recovery. A similar, yet lower, fluctuation was observed for aldh1a2 and rdh10a, the enzymes participating in the two-step RA biosynthesis cascade. The present work highlights the dynamics of the adult D. rerio oogenesis and uncovers novel, yet elusive, metabolic contributors. Possible compartmentalized roles for the different gene paralogue isoforms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ruivo
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenue General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A Capitão
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenue General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U. Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - L F C Castro
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenue General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U. Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - M M Santos
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenue General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U. Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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27
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Jiang Y, Chen L, Taylor RN, Li C, Zhou X. Physiological and pathological implications of retinoid action in the endometrium. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:R169-R188. [PMID: 29298821 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Retinol (vitamin A) and its derivatives, collectively known as retinoids, are required for maintaining vision, immunity, barrier function, reproduction, embryogenesis and cell proliferation and differentiation. Despite the fact that most events in the endometrium are predominantly regulated by steroid hormones (estrogens and progesterone), accumulating evidence shows that retinoid signaling is also involved in the development and maintenance of the endometrium, stromal decidualization and blastocyst implantation. Moreover, aberrant retinoid metabolism seems to be a critical factor in the development of endometriosis, a common gynecological disease, which affects up to 10% of reproductive age women and is characterized by the ectopic localization of endometrial-like tissue in the pelvic cavity. This review summarizes recent advances in research on the mechanisms and molecular actions of retinoids in normal endometrial development and physiological function. The potential roles of abnormal retinoid signaling in endometriosis are also discussed. The objectives are to identify limitations in current knowledge regarding the molecular actions of retinoids in endometrial biology and to stimulate new investigations toward the development potential therapeutics to ameliorate or prevent endometriosis symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Jiang
- College of Animal SciencesJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Animal SciencesJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Molecular Medicine and Translational SciencesWake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal SciencesJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal SciencesJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Smith SJ, Diksin M, Chhaya S, Sairam S, Estevez-Cebrero MA, Rahman R. The Invasive Region of Glioblastoma Defined by 5ALA Guided Surgery Has an Altered Cancer Stem Cell Marker Profile Compared to Central Tumour. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2452. [PMID: 29156557 PMCID: PMC5713419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a WHO grade IV astrocytoma, is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous tumour that infiltrates deeply into surrounding brain parenchyma, making complete surgical resection impossible. Despite chemo-radiotherapy, the residual cell population within brain parenchyma post-surgery causes inevitable recurrence. Previously, the tumour core has been the focus of research and the basis for targeted therapeutic regimes, which have failed to improve survival in clinical trials. Here, we focus on the invasive margin as defined by the region with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5ALA) (GliolanTM) fluorescence at surgery beyond the T1 enhancing region on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This area is hypothesized to constitute unique microenvironmental pressures, and consequently be molecularly distinct to tumour core and enhancing rim regions. We conducted hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), array real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunohistochemistry staining on various intra-tumour regions of glioblastoma to determine molecular heterogeneity between regions. We analyzed 73 tumour samples from 21 patients and compared cellular density, cell proliferation, and the degree of vascularity. There is a statistically significant difference between the core, invasive margin and other regions for cell density (p < 0.001), cell proliferation (p = 0.029), and vascularity (p = 0.007). Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and Nestin immunohistochemistry were used as a measure of stem-like properties, showing significantly decreased Nestin expression (p < 0.0001) in the invasive margin. Array PCR of the core, rim, and invasive regions showed significantly increased fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and ALDH1 expression in the invasive zone, with elevated hypoxia inducing factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) in the rim region, adjacent to the hypoxic core. The influence of varying microenvironments in the intra-tumour regions is a major key to understanding intra-tumour heterogeneity. This study confirms the distinct molecular composition of the heterogeneous invasive margin and cautions against purported therapy strategies that target candidate glioblastoma stem-like genes that are predominantly expressed in the tumour core. Full characterization of tumour cells in the invasive margin is critical, as these cells may more closely resemble the residual cell population responsible for tumour recurrence. Their unique nature should be considered when developing targeted agents for residual glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Smith
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Mohammed Diksin
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Saachi Chhaya
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Shwetha Sairam
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Maria A Estevez-Cebrero
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Ruman Rahman
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
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29
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Croker AK, Rodriguez-Torres M, Xia Y, Pardhan S, Leong HS, Lewis JD, Allan AL. Differential Functional Roles of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 in Mediating Metastatic Behavior and Therapy Resistance of Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102039. [PMID: 28937653 PMCID: PMC5666721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that breast cancer cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity and CD44 expression (ALDHhiCD44+) contribute to metastasis and therapy resistance, and that ALDH1 correlates with poor outcome in breast cancer patients. The current study hypothesized that ALDH1 functionally contributes to breast cancer metastatic behavior and therapy resistance. Expression of ALDH1A1 or ALDH1A3 was knocked down in MDA-MB-468 and SUM159 human breast cancer cells using siRNA. Resulting impacts on ALDH activity (Aldefluor® assay); metastatic behavior and therapy response in vitro (proliferation/adhesion/migration/colony formation/chemotherapy and radiation) and extravasation/metastasis in vivo (chick choroiallantoic membrane assay) was assessed. Knockdown of ALDH1A3 but not ALDH1A1 in breast cancer cells decreased ALDH activity, and knockdown of ALDH1A1 reduced breast cancer cell metastatic behavior and therapy resistance relative to control (p < 0.05). In contrast, knockdown of ALDH1A3 did not alter proliferation, extravasation, or therapy resistance, but increased adhesion/migration and decreased colony formation/metastasis relative to control (p < 0.05). This is the first study to systematically examine the function of ALDH1 isozymes in individual breast cancer cell behaviors that contribute to metastasis. Our novel results indicate that ALDH1 mediates breast cancer metastatic behavior and therapy resistance, and that different enzyme isoforms within the ALDH1 family differentially impact these cell behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysha K Croker
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Mauricio Rodriguez-Torres
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Ying Xia
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada.
| | - Siddika Pardhan
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Hon Sing Leong
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - John D Lewis
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, 5-142C Katz Group Building, 114th St. and 87th Ave. S., Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
| | - Alison L Allan
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada.
- Department of Oncology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
- Cancer Research Laboratory Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Road, Suite 300, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada.
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Gharibi A, La Kim S, Molnar J, Brambilla D, Adamian Y, Hoover M, Hong J, Lin J, Wolfenden L, Kelber JA. ITGA1 is a pre-malignant biomarker that promotes therapy resistance and metastatic potential in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10060. [PMID: 28855593 PMCID: PMC5577248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has single-digit 5-year survival rates at <7%. There is a dire need to improve pre-malignant detection methods and identify new therapeutic targets for abrogating PDAC progression. To this end, we mined our previously published pseudopodium-enriched (PDE) protein/phosphoprotein datasets to identify novel PDAC-specific biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets. We discovered that integrin alpha 1 (ITGA1) is frequently upregulated in pancreatic cancers and associated precursor lesions. Expression of ITGA1-specific collagens within the pancreatic cancer microenvironment significantly correlates with indicators of poor patient prognosis, and depleting ITGA1 from PDAC cells revealed that it is required for collagen-induced tumorigenic potential. Notably, collagen/ITGA1 signaling promotes the survival of ALDH1-positive stem-like cells and cooperates with TGFβ to drive gemcitabine resistance. Finally, we report that ITGA1 is required for TGFβ/collagen-induced EMT and metastasis. Our data suggest that ITGA1 is a new diagnostic biomarker and target that can be leveraged to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armen Gharibi
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Sa La Kim
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Justin Molnar
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Daniel Brambilla
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Yvess Adamian
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Malachia Hoover
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Julie Hong
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Joy Lin
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Laurelin Wolfenden
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Jonathan A Kelber
- Department of Biology, California State Univeristy Northridge, Northridge, California, USA.
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31
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Tiran V, Lindenmann J, Brcic L, Heitzer E, Stanzer S, Tabrizi-Wizsy NG, Stacher E, Stoeger H, Popper HH, Balic M, Dandachi N. Primary patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma cell culture challenges the association of cancer stem cells with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10040. [PMID: 28855609 PMCID: PMC5577216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer stem cell (CSC) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) models have been closely associated and used to describe both the formation of metastasis and therapy resistance. We established a primary lung cell culture from a patient in a clinically rare and unique situation of primary resistant disease. This culture consisted of two biologically profoundly distinct adenocarcinoma cell subpopulations, which differed phenotypically and genotypically. One subpopulation initiated and sustained in spheroid cell culture (LT22s) whereas the other subpopulation was only capable of growth and proliferation under adherent conditions (LT22a). In contrast to our expectations, LT22s were strongly associated with the epithelial phenotype, and expressed additionally CSC markers ALDH1 and CD133, whereas the LT22a was characterized as mesenchymal with lack of CSC markers. The LT22s cells also demonstrated an invasive behavior and mimicked gland formation. Finally, LT22s were more resistant to Cisplatin than LT22a cells. We demonstrate a primary lung adenocarcinoma cell culture derived from a patient with resistant disease, with epithelial aggressive subpopulation of cells associated with stem cell features and therapy resistance. Our findings challenge the current model associating CSC and disease resistance mainly to mesenchymal cells and may have important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Tiran
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Joerg Lindenmann
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefanie Stanzer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Elvira Stacher
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Stoeger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Helmut H Popper
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Marija Balic
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria.
- Research Unit Circulating Tumor Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria.
| | - Nadia Dandachi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria.
- Research Unit Epigenetic and Genetic Cancer Biomarkers, Medical University of Graz, A-8036, Graz, Austria.
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32
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Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is converted from retinal by retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDHs) and is an essential signaling molecule in embryonic and adult tissue. We previously reported that RALDH1 was produced in the rat anterior pituitary gland and hypothesized that RA was generated in the gland. Midkine (MK) is an RA-inducible growth factor, and MK production in the rat anterior pituitary gland was recently reported. However, the mechanism that regulates gene expression of MK in the pituitary gland has not been determined. To investigate regulation of MK production in the anterior pituitary gland, we analyzed changes in MK mRNA in cultured rat anterior pituitary cells. We identified MK-expressing cells by double-staining with in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques for RALDH1. MK mRNA was expressed in RALDH1-producing cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Using isolated anterior pituitary cells of rats, we examined the effect of RA on gene expression of MK. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that 72 h exposure to a concentration of 10-6 M of retinal and all-trans retinoic acid increased MK mRNA levels by about 2-fold. Moreover, the stimulatory effect of all-trans retinoic acid was mimicked by the RA receptor agonist Am80. This is the first report to show that RA is important in regulating MK expression in rat anterior pituitary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Maliza
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ken Fujiwara
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Morio Azuma
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Motoshi Kikuchi
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
- Laboratory of Natural History, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takashi Yashiro
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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Sinha A, Paul BT, Sullivan LM, Sims H, Bastawisy AE, Yousef HF, Zekri ARN, Bahnassy AA, ElShamy WM. BRCA1-IRIS overexpression promotes and maintains the tumor initiating phenotype: implications for triple negative breast cancer early lesions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:10114-10135. [PMID: 28052035 PMCID: PMC5354646 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are cancer cells endowed with self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, increased chemo-resistance, and in breast cancers the CD44+/CD24-/ALDH1+ phenotype. Triple negative breast cancers show lack of BRCA1 expression in addition to enhanced basal, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and TIC phenotypes. BRCA1-IRIS (hereafter IRIS) is an oncogene produced by the alternative usage of the BRCA1 locus. IRIS is involved in induction of replication, transcription of selected oncogenes, and promoting breast cancer cells aggressiveness. Here, we demonstrate that IRIS overexpression (IRISOE) promotes TNBCs through suppressing BRCA1 expression, enhancing basal-biomarkers, EMT-inducers, and stemness-enforcers expression. IRISOE also activates the TIC phenotype in TNBC cells through elevating CD44 and ALDH1 expression/activity and preventing CD24 surface presentation by activating the internalization pathway EGFR→c-Src→cortactin. We show that the intrinsic sensitivity to an anti-CD24 cross-linking antibody-induced cell death in membranous CD24 expressing/luminal A cells could be acquired in cytoplasmic CD24 expressing IRISOE TNBC/TIC cells through IRIS silencing or inactivation. We show that fewer IRISOE TNBC/TICs cells form large tumors composed of TICs, resembling TNBCs early lesions in patients that contain metastatic precursors capable of disseminating and metastasizing at an early stage of the disease. IRIS-inhibitory peptide killed these IRISOE TNBC/TICs, in vivo and prevented their dissemination and metastasis. We propose IRIS inactivation could be pursued to prevent dissemination and metastasis from early TNBC tumor lesions in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilasha Sinha
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Bibbin T. Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lisa M. Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hillary Sims
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Ahmed El Bastawisy
- Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend F. Yousef
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Abeer A. Bahnassy
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael M. ElShamy
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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34
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Mijiddorj T, Kanasaki H, Sukhbaatar U, Oride A, Ishihara T, Kyo S. Retinoic acid and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase are not involved in the specific induction of the follicle-stimulating hormone β subunit by trichostatin A, a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 242:59-65. [PMID: 26654743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The selective histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), increases follicle-stimulating hormone β subunit (FSHβ) mRNA expression but not α- and luteinizing hormone β (LHβ)-subunits in both the pituitary gonadotrophic cell line LβT2 and primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells. TSA increased histone acetylation in whole cell lysates in both cells. In addition, retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDHs), which are retinoic acid (RA)-synthesizing enzymes, were induced by TSA in these cells. Anacardic acid, a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor that prevents histone acetylation, significantly inhibited TSA-induced FSHβ mRNA expression as well as TSA-induced RALDH2 and RALDH3 mRNA expression. Similar to the effect of TSA, gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulated RALDH expression in LβT2 cells. RA directly applied to the pituitary cells stimulated the transcriptional activity of the FSHβ promoter. In addition, α- and LHβ-subunit promoters were also activated by RA. Our results suggest that TSA specifically increases FSHβ expression with a concomitant increase in RALDHs; however, RALDH and RA are not directly involved in the specific regulation of FSHβ by TSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tselmeg Mijiddorj
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kanasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Unurjargal Sukhbaatar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Aki Oride
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
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35
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Brunner C, Davies NM, Martin RM, Eeles R, Easton D, Kote‐Jarai Z, Al Olama AA, Benlloch S, Muir K, Giles G, Wiklund F, Gronberg H, Haiman CA, Schleutker J, Nordestgaard BG, Travis RC, Neal D, Donovan J, Hamdy FC, Pashayan N, Khaw K, Stanford JL, Blot WJ, Thibodeau S, Maier C, Kibel AS, Cybulski C, Cannon‐Albright L, Brenner H, Park J, Kaneva R, Batra J, Teixeira MR, Pandha H, Zuccolo L. Alcohol consumption and prostate cancer incidence and progression: A Mendelian randomisation study. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:75-85. [PMID: 27643404 PMCID: PMC5111609 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in developed countries, and is a target for risk reduction strategies. The effects of alcohol consumption on prostate cancer incidence and survival remain unclear, potentially due to methodological limitations of observational studies. In this study, we investigated the associations of genetic variants in alcohol-metabolising genes with prostate cancer incidence and survival. We analysed data from 23,868 men with prostate cancer and 23,051 controls from 25 studies within the international PRACTICAL Consortium. Study-specific associations of 68 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 8 alcohol-metabolising genes (Alcohol Dehydrogenases (ADHs) and Aldehyde Dehydrogenases (ALDHs)) with prostate cancer diagnosis and prostate cancer-specific mortality, by grade, were assessed using logistic and Cox regression models, respectively. The data across the 25 studies were meta-analysed using fixed-effect and random-effects models. We found little evidence that variants in alcohol metabolising genes were associated with prostate cancer diagnosis. Four variants in two genes exceeded the multiple testing threshold for associations with prostate cancer mortality in fixed-effect meta-analyses. SNPs within ALDH1A2 associated with prostate cancer mortality were rs1441817 (fixed effects hazard ratio, HRfixed = 0.78; 95% confidence interval (95%CI):0.66,0.91; p values = 0.002); rs12910509, HRfixed = 0.76; 95%CI:0.64,0.91; p values = 0.003); and rs8041922 (HRfixed = 0.76; 95%CI:0.64,0.91; p values = 0.002). These SNPs were in linkage disequilibrium with each other. In ALDH1B1, rs10973794 (HRfixed = 1.43; 95%CI:1.14,1.79; p values = 0.002) was associated with prostate cancer mortality in men with low-grade prostate cancer. These results suggest that alcohol consumption is unlikely to affect prostate cancer incidence, but it may influence disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Brunner
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Neil M. Davies
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard M. Martin
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- The NIHR Bristol Nutrition Biomedical Research UnitUniversity Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonSM2 5NGUnited Kingdom
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondonSW3 6JJUnited Kingdom
| | - Doug Easton
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Primary CareCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Primary CareCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Primary CareCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Institute of Population Health, University of ManchesterManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Graham Giles
- The Cancer Council VictoriaCancer Epidemiology Centre1 Rathdowne StreetCarltonVicAustralia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic EpidemiologyThe University of MelbourneVicAustralia
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and GeneticsUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Institute of Biomedical Technology/BioMediTech, University of Tampere and FimLab LaboratoriesTampereFinland
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryHerlev Hospital, Copenhagen University HospitalHerlev Ringvej 75DK‐2730HerlevDenmark
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - David Neal
- Surgical Oncology (Uro‐Oncology: S4)University of Cambridge, Box 279, Addenbrooke's HospitalHills RoadCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing CentreCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Jenny Donovan
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Freddie C. Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of SurgeryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of OncologyCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of Applied Health ResearchUniversity College London1‐19 Torrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7HBUnited Kingdom
| | - Kay‐Tee Khaw
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of CambridgeForvie SiteRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0SRUnited Kingdom
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Division of Public Health SciencesFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
| | - William J. Blot
- International Epidemiology Institute1455 Research Blvd, Suite 550RockvilleMD
| | | | - Christiane Maier
- Department of UrologyUniversity Hospital UlmGermany
- Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital UlmGermany
| | - Adam S. Kibel
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute45 Francis Street‐ASB II‐3BostonMA
- Washington UniversitySt LouisMO
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and PathologyInternational Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical UniversitySzczecinPoland
| | - Lisa Cannon‐Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging ResearchGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Preventive OncologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jong Park
- Division of Cancer Prevention and ControlH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center12902 Magnolia DrTampaFL
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine CenterMedical University Sofia2 Zdrave StSofia1431Bulgaria
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre‐Qld, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and Schools of Life Science and Public Health, Queensland University of TechnologyBNEAustralia
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Department of GeneticsPortuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal and Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), Porto UniversityPortoPortugal
| | - Hardev Pandha
- The University of SurreyGuildfordSurreyGU2 7XHUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Luisa Zuccolo
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
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Zhao Y, Jin X, Li N, Li J, Qian J. [Expression of ALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin in castric carcinoma and their roles in lymphatic metastasis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2016; 36:1390-1395. [PMID: 27777204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of ALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma and their roles in lymphatic metastasis. METHODS Surgical specimens from 127 cases of gastric carcinoma were examined for expressions of ALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin immuohistochemistry with 60 adjacent tissues as control. The associations of ALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin with the clinicopathological pfeatures, 5-year survival rate and lymph node metastasis of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS ALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin were positive in 57.5% (73/127), 63.8% (81/127), and 36.2% (46/127) of the gastric carcinoma tissues, respectively, showing significant differences from the rates in the adjacent tissues (P<0.05). The expression of ALDH1 was significantly correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), CXCR4 was significantly correlated with the invasion depth, differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of the tumor (P<0.05), and E-cadherin was significantly correlated with the invasion depth, differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positivity rates of ALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin were higher in cases with lymph node metastasis than in those without metastasis. E-cadherin expression was inversely correlated with ALDH1 and CXCR4 expression, and the latter two were positively correlated (P<0.001). Overexpressions of ALDH1 and CXCR4 and a decreased expression of E-cadherin were all related to a poor prognosis of the patients (P<0.05). The expressions ofALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin were all independent prognostic factors of gastric carcinoma. CONCLUSION The expressions of ALDH1, CXCR4 and E-cadherin are associated with the invasion, metastasis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma, and their combined detection provides important evidence for predicting the progression and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233003, China. E-mail:
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Misiorek JO, Lähdeniemi IAK, Nyström JH, Paramonov VM, Gullmets JA, Saarento H, Rivero-Müller A, Husøy T, Taimen P, Toivola DM. Keratin 8-deletion induced colitis predisposes to murine colorectal cancer enforced by the inflammasome and IL-22 pathway. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:777-786. [PMID: 27234655 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratins (K) are intermediate filament proteins important in protection from cellular stress. K8, K18 and K19 are the main components of keratin filaments in colonic epithelia but their role in intestinal diseases remains ambiguous. A function for keratins in intestinal health is supported by the K8-knock-out (K8(-/-)) mouse which manifests an early chronic ulcerative colitis-like inflammatory bowel disease and epithelial hyperproliferation. We tested whether K8(-/-) mice are more susceptible to colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to K8 wild type (K8(+/+)), and K8 heterozygote (K8(+/-)) mice showing increased proliferation but no inflammation. K8(-/-) mice did not develop CRC spontaneously, but had dramatically increased numbers of tumors in the distal colon in the azoxymethane (AOM) and Apc(Min/+) CRC models while neither K8(+/+) nor K8(+/-) mice were susceptible. Upregulation of IL-22 in combination with a complete loss of its negative regulator IL-22BP, and increased downstream STAT3-signaling in K8(-/-) and K8(-/-)Apc(Min/+) colonic epithelia confirmed that the IL-22 pathway, important in inflammation, proliferation and tissue regeneration, was activated. The nearly total loss of IL-22BP correlated with an activated inflammasome leading to increased cleaved caspase-1, and the putative IL-22BP inhibitor, IL-18, as well as a decrease in ALDH1/2. Ablation of K8 in a colorectal cancer cell line similarly resulted in increased IL-18 and decreased ALDH1/2. K8/K18 co-immunoprecipitated with pro-caspase-1, a component of the inflammasome in the colon, which suggests that keratins modulate inflammasome activity and protect the colon from inflammation and tumorigenesis. The K8-null mouse models also provide novel epithelial-derived robust colon-specific CRC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia O Misiorek
- Biosciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Iris A K Lähdeniemi
- Biosciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Joel H Nyström
- Biosciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Valeriy M Paramonov
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Josef A Gullmets
- Biosciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Helena Saarento
- Biosciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-093, Poland
| | - Trine Husøy
- Department of Food, Water and Cosmetics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0403, Norway
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku 20520, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland and
| | - Diana M Toivola
- Biosciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
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Kim SH, Kaschula CH, Priedigkeit N, Lee AV, Singh SV. Forkhead Box Q1 Is a Novel Target of Breast Cancer Stem Cell Inhibition by Diallyl Trisulfide. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:13495-508. [PMID: 27129776 PMCID: PMC4919436 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.715219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a metabolic byproduct of garlic, is known to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo This study demonstrates that DATS targets breast cancer stem cells (bCSC). Exposure of MCF-7 and SUM159 human breast cancer cells to pharmacological concentrations of DATS (2.5 and 5 μm) resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of bCSC, as evidenced by a mammosphere assay and flow cytometric analysis of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity and the CD44(high)/CD24(low)/epithelial specific antigen-positive fraction. DATS-mediated inhibition of bCSC was associated with a decrease in the protein level of FoxQ1. Overexpression of FoxQ1 in MCF-7 and SUM159 cells increased ALDH1 activity and the CD49f(+)/CD24(-) fraction. Inhibition of ALDH1 activity and/or mammosphere formation upon DATS treatment was significantly attenuated by overexpression of FoxQ1. In agreement with these results, stable knockdown of FoxQ1 using small hairpin RNA augmented bCSC inhibition by DATS. Expression profiling for cancer stem cell-related genes suggested that FoxQ1 may negatively regulate the expression of Dachshund homolog 1 (DACH1), whose expression is lost in invasive breast cancer. Chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed recruitment of FoxQ1 at the DACH1 promoter. Moreover, inducible expression of DACH1 augmented DATS-mediated inhibition of bCSC. Expression of FoxQ1 protein was significantly higher in triple-negative breast cancer cases compared with normal mammary tissues. Moreover, an inverse association was observed between FoxQ1 and DACH1 gene expression in breast cancer cell lines and tumors. DATS administration inhibited ALDH1 activity in vivo in SUM159 xenografts. These results indicate that FoxQ1 is a novel target of bCSC inhibition by DATS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyeong Kim
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 and
| | - Catherine H Kaschula
- the Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Nolan Priedigkeit
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 and
| | - Adrian V Lee
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 and
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 and
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Sharrow AC, Perkins B, Collector MI, Yu W, Simons BW, Jones RJ. Characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 high ovarian cancer cells: Towards targeted stem cell therapy. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 142:341-8. [PMID: 27017984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The cancer stem cell (CSC) paradigm hypothesizes that successful clinical eradication of CSCs may lead to durable remission for patients with ovarian cancer. Despite mounting evidence in support of ovarian CSCs, their phenotype and clinical relevance remain unclear. We and others have found high aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH(high)) expression in a variety of normal and malignant stem cells, and sought to better characterize ALDH(high) cells in ovarian cancer. METHODS We compared ALDH(high) to ALDH(low) cells in two ovarian cancer models representing distinct subtypes: FNAR-C1 cells, derived from a spontaneous rat endometrioid carcinoma, and the human SKOV3 cell line (described as both serous and clear cell subtypes). We assessed these populations for stem cell features then analyzed expression by microarray and qPCR. RESULTS ALDH(high) cells displayed CSC properties, including: smaller size, quiescence, regenerating the phenotypic diversity of the cell lines in vitro, lack of contact inhibition, nonadherent growth, multi-drug resistance, and in vivo tumorigenicity. Microarray and qPCR analysis of the expression of markers reported by others to enrich for ovarian CSCs revealed that ALDH(high) cells of both models showed downregulation of CD24, but inconsistent expression of CD44, KIT and CD133. However, the following druggable targets were consistently expressed in the ALDH(high) cells from both models: mTOR signaling, her-2/neu, CD47 and FGF18/FGFR3. CONCLUSIONS Based on functional characterization, ALDH(high) ovarian cancer cells represent an ovarian CSC population. Differential gene expression identified druggable targets that have the potential for therapeutic efficacy against ovarian CSCs from multiple subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison C Sharrow
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Brandy Perkins
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Michael I Collector
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wayne Yu
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Brian W Simons
- Departments of Pathology and Molecular & Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Richard J Jones
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Jiang LL, Li K, Lin QH, Ren J, He ZH, Li H, Shen N, Wei P, Feng F, He MF. Gambogic acid causes fin developmental defect in zebrafish embryo partially via retinoic acid signaling. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 63:161-8. [PMID: 27288890 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA), the major active ingredient of gamboge, has been approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration for clinical trials in cancer patients due to its strong anticancer activity. However, our previous research showed that GA was teratogenic against zebrafish fin development. To explore the teratogenicity and the underlying mechanisms, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were used. The morphological observations revealed that GA caused fin defects in zebrafish embryos in a concentration-dependent manner. The critical exposure time of GA to reveal teratogenicity was before 8 hpf (hours post fertilization). LC/MS/MS analysis revealed that a maximum bioconcentration of GA was occurred at 4 hpf. Q-PCR data showed that GA treatment resulted in significant inactivation of RA signaling which could be partially rescued by the exogenous supply of RA. These results indicate the potential teratogenicity of GA and provide evidence for a caution in its future clinic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Kang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Qing-Hua Lin
- Department of Phytochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jian Ren
- Jiangsu Simovay Co. Ltd, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Zhi-Heng He
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511,USA
| | - Huan Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Ning Shen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Ping Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Phytochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ming-Fang He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
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Sandquist EJ, Somji S, Dunlevy JR, Garrett SH, Zhou XD, Slusser-Nore A, Sens DA. Loss of N-Cadherin Expression in Tumor Transplants Produced From As+3- and Cd+2-Transformed Human Urothelial (UROtsa) Cell Lines. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156310. [PMID: 27224422 PMCID: PMC4880289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is a process in which a cell experiences a loss of epithelial cell characteristics and acquires a more mesenchymal cell phenotype. In cancer, epithelial to mesenchymal transition has been proposed to play an important role during specific stages of tumor progression. The role epithelial to mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal to epithelial transition might play in toxicant-induced urothelial cancer is unknown. METHODS Real-time PCR, Western blotting, immuno-histochemistry and immuno-fluorescence were used to determine the expression of E- and N-cadherin in the UROtsa parent, the As+3- and Cd+2-transformed cell lines, the spheroids isolated from these cell lines as well as the tumor heterotransplants that were produced by the injection of the transformed cells into immune compromised mice. RESULTS This study showed that N-cadherin expression was increased in 6 As+3- and 7 Cd+2- transformed cell lines generated from human urothelial cells (UROtsa). The expression varied within each cell line, with 10% to 95% of the cells expressing N-cadherin. Tumors produced from these cell lines showed no expression of the N-cadherin protein. Spheroids which are made up of putative cancer initiating cells produced from these cell lines showed only background expression of N-cadherin mRNA, increased expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 mRNA and produced tumors which did not express N-cadherin. There was no change in the expression of E-cadherin in the tumors, and the tumors formed by all the As+3 and Cd+2-transformed cell lines and cancer initiating cells stained intensely and uniformly for E-cadherin. CONCLUSIONS The finding that the cells expressing N-cadherin gave rise to tumors with no expression of N-cadherin is in agreement with the classical view of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition and N-cadherin are associated with dissemination and not with the ability to establish new tumor growth. Mesenchymal to epithelial transition and E-cadherin are viewed as necessary for a cell to establish a new metastatic site. The lack of N-cadherin expression in tumor transplants is consistent with E-cadherin expressing cells "seeding" a site for tumor growth. The study shows that a minority population of cultured cells can be the initiators of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Sandquist
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Seema Somji
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Jane R. Dunlevy
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Scott H. Garrett
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Xu Dong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Andrea Slusser-Nore
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Donald A. Sens
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Saruwatari K, Ikemura S, Sekihara K, Kuwata T, Fujii S, Umemura S, Kirita K, Matsumoto S, Yoh K, Niho S, Ohmatsu H, Ochiai A, Kohrogi H, Tsuboi M, Goto K, Ishii G. Aggressive tumor microenvironment of solid predominant lung adenocarcinoma subtype harboring with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. Lung Cancer 2016; 91:7-14. [PMID: 26711928 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor microenvironment critically affects cancer progression. This study aimed to identify differences in microenvironments of lung adenocarcinomas with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations by histological subtypes. METHODS The study cohort included 214 lung adenocarcinomas harboring EGFR mutations. We analyzed clinicopathological characteristics of lepidic (LPA), papillary (PPA), acinar (APA), and solid-predominant adenocarcinoma (SPA) subtypes, and examined expression levels of EGFR, E-cadherin, ezrin, laminin-5, ALDH1, and PD-L1 in cancer cells, and of CD34, CD204, podoplanin (PDPN), and FoxP3 in stromal cells in 4 subtypes (n=20 each). RESULTS SPA displayed significantly more frequent lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and worse prognosis than the other subtypes. Ezrin expression levels in SPA were also significantly higher than in LPA, PPA, or APA (P<0.05, all). Laminin-5 and PD-L1 expression levels in SPA were significantly higher than in LPA (P<0.01 for both) and PPA (P<0.01 for both) and tended to be higher than in APA (laminin-5: P=0.096, PD-L1: P=0.081). Furthermore, SPA displayed higher levels of PDPN (+) cancer-associated fibroblasts (P<0.01) and CD204 (+) tumor-associated macrophages (P<0.05) than the other subtypes. CONCLUSION Compared with other predominant subtypes with EGFR mutations, the microenvironment of SPA with EGFR mutations is characterized by cancer cells with higher invasive and immune evasion potential and more abundant stromal cells with tumor-promoting functions, which would contribute to the more aggressive behavior of SPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Saruwatari
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Ikemura
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Keigo Sekihara
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan; Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Shigeki Umemura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kirita
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Yoh
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Seiji Niho
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ohmatsu
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Kohrogi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Koichi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan.
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Zhao Y, Jin X, Li N, Zhu B, Qian J. [Expression and Clinical Significance of ALDH1 and Twist in Gastric Adenocarcinoma]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2016; 47:54-59. [PMID: 27062782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expressions and clinical significances of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and Twist in gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS A total of 86 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma was included in this study. GAC specimens and normal gastric tissues were obtained from the patients. In situ hybridization method was used to detect the expression of ALDH1, Twist mRNA. Immuohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ALDH1, Twist, E-cadherin and N-cadherin. The relationship of ALDH1 and Twist with epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenomenon was studied. Survival analysis was carried to demonstrate the relationships of clinical pathological parameters with 5-year survival rate. RESULTS The positive rates of ALDH1, Twist mRNA in GAC tissues were 57.0% and 53.5%, while the positive rates of proteins were 60.5% and 58.1%, which were significantly higher than those in normal controls (P < 0.05). The expression of ALDH1 protein was significantly correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The expression of Twist protein was significantly correlated with distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis and invasion depth (P < 0.05). The expressions of ALDH1 and Twist were significantly correlated with low expression of E-cadherin and high expression of N-cadherin (P < 0.05). Univartate analysis showed TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and tumor size, the expression of ALDH1 and Twist related to 5-year survival rate (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The enhanced expression of ALDH1 and Twist in gastric adenocarcinoma may play a role in GAC invasion, metastasis and prognosis.
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Liu L, Yi J, Zhang D, Zhang D, Chen S, Li X, Qin J, Wang M, Wang M, Lin Z. Biological characteristics and construction of stable ALDH-1 knock-down Hela cell lines. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:357-361. [PMID: 27352564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between aldehye dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH-1) and biological characteristics of the stable ALDH-1 knock-down Hela cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transfected Hela cells with lentiviral vector were utilized and puromycin was used to screen and achieve the stable cell lines. The interference efficiency was calculated by performing qRT-PCR to detect the expression of ALDH-1 of three groups including the interfering group, the negative control (NC) group, and the normal Hela group. CCK-8 assays were used to detect the OD value of each group. The coloning formation rate of each group was detected by colony formation assay. cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of each group were also detected by employing cell cycle and apoptosis experiments. Results: The stable ALDH-1 knock-down Hela cell lines were successfully obtained after two weeks' screening; compared with the NC and Hela group, the ALDH-1 expression level of interfering group was 1.05 ± 0.10 (both p < 0.05), whose silencing efficiency was 80.59%. CCK-8 assays verified that the mean OD value of interfering group was lower than that of NC and Hela group. Additionally, colony formation assays showed that the coloning efficiency of interfering group was lower than that of NC and Hela group. Cell cycle experiments proved that the proportion of G0/G1 phase of interfering group was higher than that of the other two groups, while the proportion of S phase was lower. Cell apoptosis assays indicated that the apoptosis rate of interfering group was the highest. CONCLUSIONS Constructing stable interfering Hela cell lines with lentiviral vectors was successful and worthy of promotion. ALDH-1 plays an important role in promoting cell growth and proliferation, maintaining cell cycle and inhibiting Hela cell apoptosis.
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Alberti L, Losi L, Leyvraz S, Benhattar J. Different Effects of BORIS/CTCFL on Stemness Gene Expression, Sphere Formation and Cell Survival in Epithelial Cancer Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132977. [PMID: 26185996 PMCID: PMC4506091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are cancer cells characterized by stem cell properties and represent a small population of tumor cells that drives tumor development, progression, metastasis and drug resistance. To date, the molecular mechanisms that generate and regulate cancer stem cells are not well defined. BORIS (Brother of Regulator of Imprinted Sites) or CTCFL (CTCF-like) is a DNA-binding protein that is expressed in normal tissues only in germ cells and is re-activated in tumors. Recent evidences have highlighted the correlation of BORIS/CTCFL expression with poor overall survival of different cancer patients. We have previously shown an association of BORIS-expressing cells with stemness gene expression in embryonic cancer cells. Here, we studied the role of BORIS in epithelial tumor cells. Using BORIS-molecular beacon that was already validated, we were able to show the presence of BORIS mRNA in cancer stem cell-enriched populations (side population and spheres) of cervical, colon and breast tumor cells. BORIS silencing studies showed a decrease of sphere formation capacity in breast and colon tumor cells. Importantly, BORIS-silencing led to down-regulation of hTERT, stem cell (NANOG, OCT4, SOX2 and BMI1) and cancer stem cell markers (ABCG2, CD44 and ALDH1) genes. Conversely, BORIS-induction led to up-regulation of the same genes. These phenotypes were observed in cervical, colon and invasive breast tumor cells. However, a completely different behavior was observed in the non-invasive breast tumor cells (MCF7). Indeed, these cells acquired an epithelial mesenchymal transition phenotype after BORIS silencing. Our results demonstrate that BORIS is associated with cancer stem cell-enriched populations of several epithelial tumor cells and the different phenotypes depend on the origin of tumor cells.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Hyaluronan Receptors/genetics
- Hyaluronan Receptors/metabolism
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Nanog Homeobox Protein
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/metabolism
- Organ Specificity
- Phenotype
- Polycomb Repressive Complex 1/genetics
- Polycomb Repressive Complex 1/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- SOXB1 Transcription Factors/genetics
- SOXB1 Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Telomerase/genetics
- Telomerase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Alberti
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorena Losi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Serge Leyvraz
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Benhattar
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Biopath Lab, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Pradhan A, Olsson PE. Inhibition of retinoic acid synthesis disrupts spermatogenesis and fecundity in zebrafish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 217-218:81-91. [PMID: 25687389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Timing of germ cell entry into meiosis is sexually dimorphic in mammals. However it was recently shown that germ cells initiate meiosis at the same time in male and female zebrafish. Retinoic acid (RA) has been shown to be critical for mammalian spermatogenesis. Inhibition of RA synthesis by WIN 18,446 has been reported to inhibit spermatogenesis in a wide variety of animals including humans and was once used as a contraceptive in humans. In this study we explored the role of RA in zebrafish spermatogenesis. In silico analysis with Internal coordinate mechanics docking software showed that WIN 18,446 can bind to the rat, human and zebrafish Aldh1a2 catalytic domain with equivalent potency. RA exposure resulted in up-regulation of the RA metabolizing enzyme genes cyp26a1, cyp26b1 and cyp26c1 in vitro and in vivo. Exposure to WIN 18,446 resulted in down-regulation of Aldh1a2, cyp26a1 and cyp26b1 in vivo. WIN 18,446 was effective in disrupting spermatogenesis and fecundity in zebrafish but the reduction in sperm count and fecundity was only observed when zebrafish were maintained on a strict Artemia nauplii diet which is known to contain low levels of vitamin A. This study shows that RA is involved in spermatogenesis as well as oocyte development in zebrafish. As the zebrafish Aldh1a2 structure and function is similar to the mammalian counterpart, Aldh1a2 inhibitor screening using zebrafish as a model system may be beneficial in the discovery and development of new and safe contraceptives for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Pradhan
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Per-Erik Olsson
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
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Wu S, Xue W, Huang X, Yu X, Luo M, Huang Y, Liu Y, Bi Z, Qiu X, Bai S. Distinct prognostic values of ALDH1 isoenzymes in breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:2421-6. [PMID: 25582316 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), also known as aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, is composed of six enzymes that are expressed at high levels in stem cells and are involved in the regulation of stem cell function. Increased ALDH1 activity has been found in the stem cell populations of leukemia and some solid tumors including breast cancer (BC). However, which ALDH1's isoenzymes are contributing to ALDH1 activity has not been determined. In addition, the prognostic value of individual ALDH1 isoenzyme is not clear. In the current study, we investigated the prognostic value of ALDH1 isoenzymes in BC patients through "the Kaplan-Meier plotter" (KM plotter) database, in which updated gene expression data and survival information are from a total of 3455 BC patients. ALDH1A1 messenger RNA (mRNA) high expression was found to be correlated to worsen overall survival (OS) for all BC patients. ALDH1A2 and ALDH1L1 mRNA high expressions were found to be correlated to better OS for all BC patients. Both of ALDH1A3 and ALDH1B1 mRNA high expressions were not found to be correlated to OS for all BC patients. These results strongly support that ALDH1A1 was only a biomarker for predicting poor survival of BC patients among ALDH1 isoenzymes. ALDH1A1 might be a major contributor of ALDH1 activity in BC, since only ALDH1A1 mRNA high expression was found to be significantly correlated to worsen OS for all BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaokun Wu
- Department of Oncology, SunYat-Sen Memorial Hospital, SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Hakucho A, Liu J, Fujimiya T. Delayed ethanol elimination and enhanced susceptibility to ethanol-induced hepatosteatosis after liver resection. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:18249-18259. [PMID: 25561792 PMCID: PMC4277962 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i48.18249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis after liver resection and the mechanisms behind it.
METHODS: First, the preliminary examination was performed on 6 sham-operated (Sham) and 30 partial hepatectomy (PH) male Wistar rats (8-wk-old) to evaluate the recovery of the liver weight and liver function after liver resection. PH rats were sacrificed at the indicated time points (4, 8, and 12 h; 1, 3, and 7 d) after PH. Second, the time point for the beginning of the chronic ethanol exposure (1 wk after sham- or PH-operation) was determined based on the results of the preliminary examination. Finally, pair-feeding was performed with a controlled diet or with a 5-g/dL ethanol liquid diet for 28 d in another 35 age-matched male Wistar rats with a one-week recovery after undergoing a sham- (n = 15) or PH-operation (n = 20) to evaluate the ethanol-induced liver injury after liver resection. Hepatic steatosis, liver function, fatty acid synthase (Fas) gene expression level, the expression of lipid metabolism-associated enzyme regulator genes [sterol regulatory element binding protein (Srebp)-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (Ppar)-α], the mediators that alter lipid metabolism [plasminogen activator (Pai)-1 gene expression level and tumor necrosis factor (Tnf)-α production], and hepatic class-1 alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh1)-associated ethanol elimination were investigated in the 4 groups based on histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, Western blotting, reverse transcriptase chain reaction, and blood ethanol concentration analyses. The relevant gene expression levels, liver weight, and liver function were assessed before and 1 wk after surgery to determine the subject’s recovery from the liver resection using the rats that had been subjected to the preliminary examination.
RESULTS: In the PH rats, ethanol induced marked hepatic steatosis with impaired liver functioning, as evidenced by the accumulation of fatty droplets within the hepatocytes, the higher increases in their hepatic triglyceride and blood alanine aminotransferase and blood aspartate aminotransferase levels after the 28-d pair-feeding period. The Sham-ethanol rats, not the PH-ethanol rats, demonstrated the up-regulation of Srebp-1 and the down-regulation of Ppar-α mRNA expression levels after the 28-d pair-feeding period. The 28-d ethanol administration induced the up-regulation of Pai-1 gene expression level and an overproduction of TNF-α in the Sham and the PH rats; however, the effect was more significant in the PH rats. The PH-ethanol rats (n = 4) showed higher residual blood ethanol concentrations than did the Sham-ethanol rats (n = 6) after a 5-h fast (0.66 ± 0.4 mg/mL vs 0.2 ± 0.1 mg/mL, P < 0.05); these effects manifested without up-regulation of Adh1 gene expression, which was present in the Sham-ethanol group after the 28-d pair-feeding period. One week after the liver resection, the liver weight, function, the gene expression levels of Fas, Srebp-1, Ppar-α, Pai-1 and Tnf-α recovered; however, the Adh1 gene expression did not recover in rats.
CONCLUSION: Desensitization to post-hepatectomy ethanol treatment and slow recovery from PH in Adh1 gene expression enhanced the susceptibility to ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis after PH in rats.
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Kim IG, Lee JH, Kim SY, Kim JY, Cho EW. Fibulin-3 negatively regulates ALDH1 via c-MET suppression and increases γ-radiation-induced sensitivity in some pancreatic cancer cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:369-75. [PMID: 25451256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fibulin-3 (FBLN-3) has been postulated to be either a tumor suppressor or promoter depending on the cell type, and hypermethylation of the FBLN-3 promoter is often associated with human disease, especially cancer. We report that the promoter region of the FBLN-3 was significantly methylated (>95%) in some pancreatic cancer cell lines and thus FBLN-3 was poorly expressed in pancreatic cancer cell lines such as AsPC-1 and MiaPaCa-2. FBLN-3 overexpression significantly down-regulated the cellular level of c-MET and inhibited hepatocyte growth factor-induced c-MET activation, which were closely associated with γ-radiation resistance of cancer cells. Moreover, we also showed that c-MET suppression or inactivation decreased the cellular level of ALDH1 isozymes (ALDH1A1 or ALDH1A3), which serve as cancer stem cell markers, and subsequently induced inhibition of cell growth in pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, forced overexpression of FBLN-3 sensitized cells to cytotoxic agents such as γ-radiation and strongly inhibited the stemness and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) property of pancreatic cancer cells. On the other hand, if FBLN3 was suppressed in FBLN-3-expressing BxPC3 cells, the results were opposite. This study provides the first demonstration that the FBLN-3/c-MET/ALDH1 axis in pancreatic cancer cells partially modulates stemness and EMT as well as sensitization of cells to the detrimental effects of γ-radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Gyu Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yusong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Ha Lee
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yusong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yoen Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yul Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Wie Cho
- Epigenomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
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50
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Zhang B, Xing X, Li J, Lowdon RF, Zhou Y, Lin N, Zhang B, Sundaram V, Chiappinelli KB, Hagemann IS, Mutch DG, Goodfellow PJ, Wang T. Comparative DNA methylome analysis of endometrial carcinoma reveals complex and distinct deregulation of cancer promoters and enhancers. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:868. [PMID: 25286960 PMCID: PMC4198682 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of many cancers. Classically there are two types of endometrial cancer, endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC), or Type I, and uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC), or Type II. However, the whole genome DNA methylation changes in these two classical types of endometrial cancer is still unknown. RESULTS Here we described complete genome-wide DNA methylome maps of EAC, UPSC, and normal endometrium by applying a combined strategy of methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) and methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion sequencing (MRE-seq). We discovered distinct genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in EAC and UPSC: 27,009 and 15,676 recurrent differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified respectively, compared with normal endometrium. Over 80% of DMRs were in intergenic and intronic regions. The majority of these DMRs were not interrogated on the commonly used Infinium 450K array platform. Large-scale demethylation of chromosome X was detected in UPSC, accompanied by decreased XIST expression. Importantly, we discovered that the majority of the DMRs harbored promoter or enhancer functions and are specifically associated with genes related to uterine development and disease. Among these, abnormal methylation of transposable elements (TEs) may provide a novel mechanism to deregulate normal endometrium-specific enhancers derived from specific TEs. CONCLUSIONS DNA methylation changes are an important signature of endometrial cancer and regulate gene expression by affecting not only proximal promoters but also distal enhancers.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, X
- CpG Islands
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/genetics
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- DNA Methylation
- DNA Transposable Elements/genetics
- Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics
- Endometrial Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- MutL Protein Homolog 1
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Retinal Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Uterine Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Neoplasms/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- />Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - XiaoYun Xing
- />Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Jing Li
- />Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108 USA
- />Shanghai International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 P. R. China
| | - Rebecca F Lowdon
- />Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Yan Zhou
- />Key Laboratory for Applied Statistics of MOE, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024 P. R. China
| | - Nan Lin
- />Department of Mathematics and Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Baoxue Zhang
- />Key Laboratory for Applied Statistics of MOE, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024 P. R. China
| | - Vasavi Sundaram
- />Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Katherine B Chiappinelli
- />Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
| | - Ian S Hagemann
- />Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - David G Mutch
- />Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63124 USA
| | - Paul J Goodfellow
- />The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Ting Wang
- />Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108 USA
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