1
|
Ma EM, Lu K, Wei YB. [Constructing an early-warning model for mortality risk in heat stroke patients based on Fisher discriminant analysis]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2024; 42:282-285. [PMID: 38677992 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20230223-00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To establish an early warning model to assess the mortality risk of patients with heat stroke disease. Methods: The case data of patients diagnosed with heat stroke disease admitted to the comprehensive ICU of Shanshan County from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected. According to the short-term outcome (28 days) of patients, they were divided into death group (20 cases) and survival group (53 cases) . The relevant indicators with statistically significant differences between groups within 24 hours after admission were selected. By drawing the subject work curve (ROC) and calculating the area under the curve, the relevant indicators with the area under the curve greater than 0.7 were selected, Fisher discriminant analysis was used to establish an assessment model for the death risk of heat stroke disease. The data of heat stroke patients from January 1, 2021 to December 2022 in the comprehensive ICU of Shanshan County were collected for external verification. Results There were significant differences in age, cystatin C, procalcitonin, platelet count, CKMB, CK, CREA, PT, TT, APTT, heart rate, respiratory rate and GLS score among the groups. Cystatin C, CKMB, CREA, PT, TT, heart rate AUC area at admission was greater than 0.7. Fisher analysis method is used to build a functional model. Results: The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC area of the functional model were 95%, 83% and 0.937 respectively. The external validation results showed that the accuracy of predicting survival group was 85.71%, the accuracy of predicting death group was 88.89%. Conclusion: The early warning model of heat stroke death constructed by ROC curve analysis and Fisher discriminant analysis can provide objective reference for early intervention of heat stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E M Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanshan Country People's Hospital, Shanshan 838200, China
| | - K Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanshan Country People's Hospital, Shanshan 838200, China
| | - Y B Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanshan Country People's Hospital, Shanshan 838200, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu W, Zhong Y, Li X, Lu K. Stabilizing Supersaturation with Extreme Grain Refinement in Spinodal Aluminum Alloys. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2303650. [PMID: 37276137 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Supersaturated solid solutions can be formed in alloys from various non-equilibrium processes, but stabilizing the metastable phases against decomposition is challenging, particularly the spinodal decomposition that occurs via chemical fluctuations without energy barriers to nucleation. In this work, it is found that spinodal decomposition in supersaturated Al(Zn) solid solutions can be inhibited with straining-induced extreme grain refinement. For the refined supersaturated grains at the nanoscale, their spinodal decomposition is obviously resisted by the relaxed grain boundaries and reduced lattice defects. As grains are refined below 10 nm the decomposition is completely inhibited, in which atomic diffusion is blocked by the stable Schwarz crystal structure with vacancy-free grains. Extreme grain refinement offers a general approach to stabilize supersaturated phases with broadened compositional windows for property modulation of alloys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiuyan Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - K Lu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang, 110004, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding X, Cao S, Wang Q, Du B, Lu K, Qi S, Cheng Y, Tuo Q, Liang W, Lei P. DNALI1 Promotes Neurodegeneration after Traumatic Brain Injury via Inhibition of Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2306399. [PMID: 38348540 PMCID: PMC11022701 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to progressive neurodegeneration that may be caused by chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). However, the precise mechanism remains unclear. Herein, the study identifies a crucial protein, axonemal dynein light intermediate polypeptide 1 (DNALI1), and elucidated its potential pathogenic role in post-TBI neurodegeneration. The DNALI1 gene is systematically screened through analyses of Aging, Dementia, and TBI studies, confirming its elevated expression both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, it is observed that altered DNALI1 expression under normal conditions has no discernible effect. However, upon overexpression, DNALI1 inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion, reduces autophagic flux, and exacerbates cell death under pathological conditions. DNALI1 silencing significantly enhances autophagic flux and alleviates neurodegeneration in a CTE model. These findings highlight DNALI1 as a potential key target for preventing TBI-related neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xulong Ding
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- Center of Translational Medicine and Clinical LaboratoryThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityMedical Center of Soochow UniversitySuzhou Dushu Lake HospitalSuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Shuqiang Cao
- Department of Forensic GeneticsWest China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qing‐zhang Tuo
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Weibo Liang
- Department of Forensic GeneticsWest China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou J, Li C, Lu M, Jiang G, Chen S, Li H, Lu K. Pharmacological induction of autophagy reduces inflammation in macrophages by degrading immunoproteasome subunits. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002537. [PMID: 38447109 PMCID: PMC10917451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Defective autophagy is linked to proinflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms by which autophagy limits inflammation remain elusive. Here, we found that the pan-FGFR inhibitor LY2874455 efficiently activated autophagy and suppressed expression of proinflammatory factors in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Multiplex proteomic profiling identified the immunoproteasome, which is a specific isoform of the 20s constitutive proteasome, as a substrate that is degraded by selective autophagy. SQSTM1/p62 was found to be a selective autophagy-related receptor that mediated this degradation. Autophagy deficiency or p62 knockdown blocked the effects of LY2874455, leading to the accumulation of immunoproteasomes and increases in inflammatory reactions. Expression of proinflammatory factors in autophagy-deficient macrophages could be reversed by immunoproteasome inhibitors, confirming the pivotal role of immunoproteasome turnover in the autophagy-mediated suppression on the expression of proinflammatory factors. In mice, LY2874455 protected against LPS-induced acute lung injury and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and caused low levels of proinflammatory cytokines and immunoproteasomes. These findings suggested that selective autophagy of the immunoproteasome was a key regulator of signaling via the innate immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Gaoyue Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanze Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huihui Li
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu X, Sun K, Yang H, Zou D, Xia L, Lu K, Meng X, Li Y. Molecular subtype identification and prognosis stratification based on lysosome-related genes in breast cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25643. [PMID: 38420434 PMCID: PMC10900431 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lysosomes are known to have a significant impact on the development and recurrence of breast cancer. However, the association between lysosome-related genes (LRGs) and breast cancer remains unclear. This study aims to explore the potential role of LRGs in predicting the prognosis and treatment response of breast cancer. Methods Breast cancer gene expression profile data and clinical information were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases, and prognosis-related LRGs were screened for consensus clustering analysis. Lasso Cox regression analysis was used to construct risk features derived from LRGs, and immune cell infiltration, immune therapy response, drug sensitivity, and clinical pathological feature differences were evaluated for different molecular subtypes and risk groups. A nomogram based on risk features derived from LRGs was constructed and evaluated. Results Our study identified 176 differentially expressed LRGs that are associated with breast cancer prognosis. Based on these genes, we divided breast cancer into two molecular subtypes with significant prognostic differences. We also found significant differences in immune cell infiltration between these subtypes. Furthermore, we constructed a prognostic risk model consisting of 7 LRGs, which effectively divides breast cancer patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Patients in the low-risk group have better prognostic characteristics, respond better to immunotherapy, and have lower sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs, indicating that the low-risk group is more likely to benefit from immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Additionally, the risk score based on LRGs is significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration, including CD8 T cells and macrophages. This risk score model, along with age, chemotherapy, clinical stage, and N stage, is an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer. Finally, the nomogram composed of these factors has excellent performance in predicting overall survival of breast cancer. Conclusions In conclusion, this study has constructed a novel LRG-derived breast cancer risk feature, which performs well in prognostic prediction when combined with clinical pathological features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Kewang Sun
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Hongjian Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Dehomg Zou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Lingli Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Outpatient Service, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lyu L, Li H, Lu K, Jiang S, Li H. PAK inhibitor FRAX486 decreases the metastatic potential of triple-negative breast cancer cells by blocking autophagy. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:394-405. [PMID: 38110664 PMCID: PMC10844298 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a unique breast cancer subtype with a high risk of metastasis and recurrence and a poor prognosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) endows epithelial cells with the ability to move to distant sites, which is essential for the metastasis of TNBC to organs, including the lung. Autophagy, an intracellular degradation process that involves formation of double-layered lipid autophagosomes that transport cytosolic cargoes into lysosomes via autophagosome-lysosome fusion, is involved in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative, metabolic, cardiovascular, and infectious diseases. The relationship between autophagy and cancer has become relatively clear. However, research on pharmacological drugs that block cancer EMT by targeting autophagy is still in the initial stages. Therefore, the re-evaluation of old drugs for their potential in blocking both autophagy and EMT was conducted. METHODS More than 2000 small molecule chemicals were screened for dual autophagy/EMT inhibitors, and FRAX486 was identified as the best candidate inhibitor of autophagy/EMT. The functions of FRAX486 in TNBC metastasis were detected by CCK-8, migration and wound healing assays. The effects of FRAX486 on autophagy and its target PAK2 were determined by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The findings were validated in mouse models. RESULTS Here, we report that FRAX486, a potent P21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) inhibitor, facilitates TNBC suppression both in vitro and in vivo by blocking autophagy. Mechanistically, FRAX486 inhibits autophagy in TNBC cells by targeting PAK2, leading to the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of STX17, which mediates autophagosome-lysosome fusion. The inhibition of autophagy by FRAX486 causes upregulation of the epithelial marker protein E-cadherin and thus suppresses the migration and metastasis of TNBC cells. CONCLUSIONS The effects of FRAX486 on TNBC metastasis suppression were verified to be dependent on PAK2 and autophagy inhibition. Together, our results provide a molecular basis for the application of FRAX486 as a potential treatment for inhibiting the metastasis of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Lyu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wei P, Lamont B, He T, Xue W, Wang PC, Song W, Zhang R, Keyhani AB, Zhao S, Lu W, Dong F, Gao R, Yu J, Huang Y, Tang L, Lu K, Ma J, Xiong Z, Chen L, Wan N, Wang B, He W, Teng M, Dian Y, Wang Y, Zeng L, Lin C, Dai M, Zhou Z, Xiao W, Yan Z. Vegetation-fire feedbacks increase subtropical wildfire risk in scrubland and reduce it in forests. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119726. [PMID: 38052142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate dictates wildfire activity around the world. But East and Southeast Asia are an apparent exception as fire-activity variation there is unrelated to climatic variables. In subtropical China, fire activity decreased by 80% between 2003 and 2020 amid increased fire risks globally. Here, we assessed the fire regime, vegetation structure, fuel flammability and their interactions across subtropical Hubei, China. We show that tree basal area (TBA) and fuel flammability explained 60% of fire-frequency variance. Fire frequency and fuel flammability, in turn, explained 90% of TBA variance. These results reveal a novel system of scrubland-forest stabilized by vegetation-fire feedbacks. Frequent fires promote the persistence of derelict scrubland through positive vegetation-fire feedbacks; in forest, vegetation-fire feedbacks are negative and suppress fire. Thus, we attribute the decrease in wildfire activity to reforestation programs that concurrently increase forest coverage and foster negative vegetation-fire feedbacks that suppress wildfire.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Wei
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - B Lamont
- Ecology Section, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
| | - T He
- College of Science Engineering & Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - W Xue
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - P C Wang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100, China.
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - A B Keyhani
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W Lu
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - F Dong
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - R Gao
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - J Yu
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - L Tang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - K Lu
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - J Ma
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Z Xiong
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - L Chen
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - N Wan
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - B Wang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W He
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - M Teng
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Y Dian
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - L Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - C Lin
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - M Dai
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Z Zhou
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Z Yan
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tang D, Zheng K, Zhu J, Jin X, Bao H, Jiang L, Li H, Wang Y, Lu Y, Liu J, Liu H, Tang C, Feng S, Dong X, Xu L, Yin Y, Dang S, Wei X, Ren H, Dong B, Dai L, Cheng W, Wan M, Li Z, Chen J, Li H, Kong E, Wang K, Lu K, Qi S. ALS-linked C9orf72-SMCR8 complex is a negative regulator of primary ciliogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220496120. [PMID: 38064514 PMCID: PMC10723147 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220496120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Massive GGGGCC (G4C2) repeat expansion in C9orf72 and the resulting loss of C9orf72 function are the key features of ~50% of inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia cases. However, the biological function of C9orf72 remains unclear. We previously found that C9orf72 can form a stable GTPase activating protein (GAP) complex with SMCR8 (Smith-Magenis chromosome region 8). Herein, we report that the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex is a major negative regulator of primary ciliogenesis, abnormalities in which lead to ciliopathies. Mechanistically, the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex suppresses the primary cilium as a RAB8A GAP. Moreover, based on biochemical analysis, we found that C9orf72 is the RAB8A binding subunit and that SMCR8 is the GAP subunit in the complex. We further found that the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex suppressed the primary cilium in multiple tissues from mice, including but not limited to the brain, kidney, and spleen. Importantly, cells with C9orf72 or SMCR8 knocked out were more sensitive to hedgehog signaling. These results reveal the unexpected impact of C9orf72 on primary ciliogenesis and elucidate the pathogenesis of diseases caused by the loss of C9orf72 function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Zheng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Zhu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang453000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Bao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yichang Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Liu
- Division of Life Science, Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou511458, People’s Republic of China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen518057, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengbing Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijian Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuju Dong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangting Xu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yike Yin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shangyu Dang
- Division of Life Science, Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou511458, People’s Republic of China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen518057, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Ren
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Dong
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Real & Best Biotech Co., Ltd., Chengdu610219, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang453000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu H, Yan P, Wu C, Rao M, Zhu J, Lv L, Li W, Liang Y, Qi S, Lu K, Kong E. Palmitoylated Sept8-204 modulates learning and anxiety by regulating filopodia arborization and actin dynamics. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadi8645. [PMID: 38051778 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adi8645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Septin proteins are involved in diverse physiological functions, including the formation of specialized cytoskeletal structures. Septin 8 (Sept8) is implicated in spine morphogenesis and dendritic branching through palmitoylation. We explored the role and regulation of a Sept8 variant in human neural-like cells and in the mouse brain. We identified Sept8-204 as a brain-specific variant of Sept8 that was abundant in neurons and modified by palmitoylation, specifically at Cys469, Cys470, and Cys472. Sept8-204 palmitoylation was mediated by the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC7 and was removed by the depalmitoylase PPT1. Palmitoylation of Sept8-204 bound to F-actin and induced cytoskeletal dynamics to promote the outgrowth of filopodia in N2a cells and the arborization of neurites in hippocampal neurons. In contrast, a Sept8-204 variant that could not be palmitoylated because of mutation of all three Cys residues (Sept8-204-3CA) lost its ability to bind F-actin, and expression of this mutant did not promote morphological changes. Genetic deletion of Sept8, Sept8-204, or Zdhhc7 caused deficits in learning and memory and promoted anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Our findings provide greater insight into the regulation of Sept8-204 by palmitoylation and its role in neuronal morphology and function in relation to cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Peipei Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Can Wu
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Muding Rao
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jiangli Zhu
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yinming Liang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu S, Chen M, Wang Y, Li H, Qi S, Geng J, Lu K. Autophagy is regulated by endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis and sphingolipid metabolism. Autophagy 2023; 19:3256-3257. [PMID: 37599472 PMCID: PMC10621283 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2249761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is involved in a variety of cellular processes. As the crucial components of cell membranes, sphingolipids also play important roles as signaling molecules. Intracellular calcium homeostasis, autophagy initiation and sphingolipid synthesis are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recently, through genetic screening and lipidomics analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we found that the ER calcium channel Csg2 converts sphingolipid metabolism into macroautophagy/autophagy regulation by controlling ER calcium homeostasis. The results showed that Csg2 acts as a calcium channel to mediate ER calcium efflux into the cytoplasm, and deletion of CSG2 causes a distinct increase of ER calcium concentration, thereby disrupting the stability of the sphingolipid synthase Aur1, leading to the accumulation of the bioactive sphingolipid phytosphingosine (PHS), which specifically and completely blocks autophagy. In summary, our work links calcium homeostasis, sphingolipid metabolism, and autophagy initiation via the ER calcium channel Csg2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mutian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, City of Future Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yichang Wang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, City of Future Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lu K, Wu YM, Shi Q, Gong YQ, Zhang T, Li C. The impact of acute-phase reaction on mortality and re-fracture after zoledronic acid in hospitalized elderly osteoporotic fracture patients. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1613-1623. [PMID: 37247006 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06803-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study involving 674 elderly osteoporotic fracture (OPF) patients undergoing orthopedic surgery investigated the long-term outcomes of acute phase reaction (APR) after initial zoledronic acid (ZOL). Those who had an APR had a 97% higher risk of mortality and a 73% lower rate of re-fracture than patients who did not. INTRODUCTION Annual infusion of ZOL efficiently decreases the risk of fracture. A temporary APR, consisting of flu-like symptoms, myalgia, and fever, is frequently observed within 3 days after the first dose. This work aimed to identify whether the occurrence of APR after initial ZOL infusion is a reliable indicator of drug efficacy for mortality and re-fracture in elderly OPF patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. METHODS This retrospectively observed work was constructed on a database prospectively collected from the Osteoporotic Fracture Registry System of a tertiary level A hospital in China. Six hundred seventy-four patients 50 years old or older with newly identified hip/morphological vertebral OPF who received ZOL for the first time after orthopedic surgery were included in the final analysis. APR was identified as a maximum axillary body temperature greater than 37.3 °C for the first 3 days after ZOL infusion. We utilized models of multivariate Cox proportional hazards to compare the risk of all-cause mortality in OPF patients with APR (APR+) and without APR (APR-). Competing risks regression analysis was used to examine the association between the occurrence of APR and re-fracture when mortality was taken into account. RESULTS In a fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, APR+ patients had a significantly higher risk of death than APR- patients with a hazard ratio [HR] 1.97 (95% CI, 1.09-3.56; P-value = 0.02). Furthermore, in an adjusted competing risk regression analysis, APR+ patients had a significantly reduced risk of re-fracture compared with APR- patients with a sub-distribution HR, 0.27 (95% CI, 0.11-0.70; P-value = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested a potential association between the occurrence of APR and increased mortality risk. An initial dose of ZOL following orthopedic surgery was found to be protective against re-fracture in older patients with OPFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y-M Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Q Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y-Q Gong
- Information Department, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - T Zhang
- Chronic Disease Department, Kunshan Center For Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - C Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, He Q, Liu D, Deng XZ, Ma J, Xie LN, Sun ZL, Liu C, Zhao RR, Lu K, Chu XX, Gao N, Wei HC, Sun YH, Zhong YP, Xing LJ, Zhang HY, Zhang H, Xu WW, Li ZJ. [Efficacy and safety of bendamustine-rituximab combination therapy for newly diagnosed indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and elderly mantle cell lymphoma: a multi-center prospective phase II clinical trial in China]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:550-554. [PMID: 37749033 PMCID: PMC10509620 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of bendamustine in combination with rituximab (BR regimen) for the treatment of newly diagnosed indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-iNHL) and elderly mantle cell lymphoma (eMCL) . Methods: From December 1, 2020 to September 10, 2022, a multi-center prospective study was conducted across ten Grade A tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province, China. The BR regimen was administered to evaluate its efficacy and safety in newly diagnosed B-iNHL and eMCL patients, and all completed at least four cycles of induction therapy. Results: The 72 enrolled patients with B-iNHL or MCL were aged 24-74 years, with a median age of 55 years. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status scores of 0-1 were observed in 76.4% of patients, while 23.6% had scores of 2. Disease distribution included follicular lymphoma (FL) (51.4% ), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) (33.3% ), eMCL (11.1% ), and the unknown subtype (4.2% ). According to the Ann Arbor staging system, 16.7% and 65.3% of patients were diagnosed with stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ lymphomas, respectively. Following four cycles of BR induction therapy, the overall response rate was 98.6%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 83.3% and a partial response (PR) rate of 15.3%. Only one eMCL patient experienced disease progression during treatment, and only one FL patient experienced a relapse. Even when evaluated using CT alone, the CR rate was 63.9%, considering the differences between PET/CT and CT assessments. The median follow-up duration was 11 months (range: 4-22), with a PFS rate of 96.8% and an OS rate of 100.0%. The main hematologic adverse reactions included grade 3-4 leukopenia (27.8%, with febrile neutropenia observed in 8.3% of patients), grade 3-4 lymphopenia (23.6% ), grade 3-4 anemia (5.6% ), and grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia (4.2% ). The main non-hematologic adverse reactions such as fatigue, nausea/vomiting, rash, and infections occurred in less than 20.0% of patients. Conclusion: Within the scope of this clinical trial conducted in China, the BR regimen demonstrated efficacy and safety in treating newly diagnosed B-iNHL and eMCL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Q He
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - X Z Deng
- Department of Hematology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai 264200, China
| | - J Ma
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - L N Xie
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Z L Sun
- Department of Hematology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining 272000, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - R R Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - K Lu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - X X Chu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - N Gao
- Department of Hematology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - H C Wei
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Y H Sun
- Department of Hematology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Y P Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - L J Xing
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - H Y Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - W W Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Z J Li
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu S, Chen M, Wang Y, Lei Y, Huang T, Zhang Y, Lam SM, Li H, Qi S, Geng J, Lu K. The ER calcium channel Csg2 integrates sphingolipid metabolism with autophagy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3725. [PMID: 37349354 PMCID: PMC10287731 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous components of membranes and function as bioactive lipid signaling molecules. Here, through genetic screening and lipidomics analyses, we find that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium channel Csg2 integrates sphingolipid metabolism with autophagy by regulating ER calcium homeostasis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Csg2 functions as a calcium release channel and maintains calcium homeostasis in the ER, which enables normal functioning of the essential sphingolipid synthase Aur1. Under starvation conditions, deletion of Csg2 causes increases in calcium levels in the ER and then disturbs Aur1 stability, leading to accumulation of the bioactive sphingolipid phytosphingosine, which specifically and completely blocks autophagy and induces loss of starvation resistance in cells. Our findings indicate that calcium homeostasis in the ER mediated by the channel Csg2 translates sphingolipid metabolism into autophagy regulation, further supporting the role of the ER as a signaling hub for calcium homeostasis, sphingolipid metabolism and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mutian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, City of Future Medicine, Chengdu, 641400, China
| | - Yichang Wang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuqing Lei
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- LipidALL Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou, 213022, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jia Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, City of Future Medicine, Chengdu, 641400, China.
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lei Y, Huang T, Jiang G, Zhang Y, Liu S, Li H, Lu K. Transcriptional regulation of autophagy by RNA polymerase II. Autophagy 2023; 19:1867-1868. [PMID: 36264778 PMCID: PMC10262793 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2138141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a catabolic recycling pathway and is tightly regulated by upstream signals. Autophagy genes are quickly upregulated upon stimuli such as nutrition limitation in response to the external environment. However, how the transcriptional activation of autophagy genes occurs is not well understood. We recently found that in yeast, the RNA polymerase II subunit Rpb9 specifically and efficiently upregulates the transcription of the autophagy gene ATG1 with the mediation of Gcn4. Such regulation was shown to be essential for autophagic activities induced by starvation. Furthermore, the function of Rpb9 in autophagy and the activation of ATG1 transcription is conserved in mammalian cells. In conclusion, Rpb9 specifically and positively regulates ATG1 transcription as a key regulator of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gaoyue Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huihui Li
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Y, Ling X, Zhang C, Zou J, Luo B, Luo Y, Jia X, Jia G, Zhang M, Hu J, Liu T, Wang Y, Lu K, Li D, Ma J, Liu C, Su Z. Modular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein domain functions in nucleocapsid-like assembly. Mol Biomed 2023; 4:16. [PMID: 37211575 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, with the Omicron subvariant XBB currently prevailing the global infections, continue to pose threats on public health worldwide. This non-segmented positive-stranded RNA virus encodes the multi-functional nucleocapsid protein (N) that plays key roles in viral infection, replication, genome packaging and budding. N protein consists of two structural domains, NTD and CTD, and three intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) including the NIDR, the serine/arginine rich motif (SRIDR), and the CIDR. Previous studies revealed functions of N protein in RNA binding, oligomerization, and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), however, characterizations of individual domains and their dissected contributions to N protein functions remain incomplete. In particular, little is known about N protein assembly that may play essential roles in viral replication and genome packing. Here, we present a modular approach to dissect functional roles of individual domains in SARS-CoV-2 N protein that reveals inhibitory or augmented modulations of protein assembly and LLPS in the presence of viral RNAs. Intriguingly, full-length N protein (NFL) assembles into ring-like architecture whereas the truncated SRIDR-CTD-CIDR (N182-419) promotes filamentous assembly. Moreover, LLPS droplets of NFL and N182-419 are significantly enlarged in the presence of viral RNAs, and we observed filamentous structures in the N182-419 droplets using correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM), suggesting that the formation of LLPS droplets may promote higher-order assembly of N protein for transcription, replication and packaging. Together this study expands our understanding of the multiple functions of N protein in SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobin Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingnan Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongbo Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu Jia
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Guowen Jia
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Minghua Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Junchao Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanfeiyi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jinbiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhaoming Su
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Frontiers Medical Center of Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu X, Sun K, Yang H, Xia L, Lu K, Meng X, Li Y. Risk factors for the development of severe breast cancer-related lymphedema: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:361. [PMID: 37081431 PMCID: PMC10116791 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe lymphedema presents a challenge in terms of treatment due to the significant formation of scar tissue that accompanies it. The aim of this study was to identify intraoperative and preoperative risk factors of severe lymphedema and to develop a nomogram for estimating the risk of severe lymphedema within 3 years of surgery. METHOD Data was collected from a retrospective cohort of 326 patients with BCRL at the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from November 2015 to November 2018. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictive indicators of severe lymphedema. A nomogram was developed to further improve the clinical applicability. RESULTS In the retrospective cohort, the ratio of severe/non-severe lymphedema within 3 years of surgery was 1:3. Independent risk factors for severe lymphedema were determined to be age, positive lymph nodes, interpectoral (Rotter's) lymph nodes (IPNs) dissection, and educational level. IPNs dissection was found to contribute greatly to the development of severe lymphedema with a higher odds ratio (7.76; 95% CI: 3.87-15.54) than other risk factors. A nomogram was developed by integrating age, positive lymph nodes, IPNs dissection, and educational level, which yielded a C-index of 0.810 and 0.681 in the training and validation cohort, respectively. This suggested a moderate performance of the nomogram in predicting the risk of severe lymphedema within 3 years of surgery. The cut-off values of the low-, medium- and high-risk probabilities were 0.0876 and 0.3498, and the severe lymphedema exhibited a significantly higher risk probability as compared with the non-severe lymphedema. CONCLUSION This study identified the risk factors of severe lymphedema and highlighted the substantial contribution of IPNs dissection to the severity of lymphedema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- General Surgery, Cancer center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kewang Sun
- General Surgery, Cancer center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjian Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingli Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of outpatient service, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical college), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- General Surgery, Cancer center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- General Surgery, Cancer center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zheng J, Deng Y, Wei Z, Zou H, Wen X, Cai J, Zhang S, Jia B, Lu M, Lu K, Lin Y. Lipid phosphatase SAC1 suppresses hepatitis B virus replication through promoting autophagic degradation of virions. Antiviral Res 2023; 213:105601. [PMID: 37068596 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol lipids play vital roles in lipid signal transduction, membrane recognition, vesicle transport, and viral replication. Previous studies have revealed that SAC1-like phosphatidylinositol phosphatase (SACM1L/SAC1), which uses phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) as its substrate, greatly affects the replication of certain bacteria and viruses in vitro. However, it remains unclear whether and how SAC1 modulates hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we observed that SAC1 silencing significantly increased HBV DNA replication, subviral particle (SVP) expression, and secretion of HBV virions, whereas SAC1 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, SAC1 overexpression inhibited HBV DNA replication and SVP expression in a hydrodynamic injection-based HBV-persistent replicating mouse model. Mechanistically, SAC1 silencing increased the number of HBV-containing autophagosomes as well as PI4P levels on the autophagosome membrane. Moreover, SAC1 silencing blocked autophagosome-lysosome fusion by inhibiting the interaction between synaptosomal-associated protein 29 and vesicle-associated membrane protein 8. Collectively, our data indicate that SAC1 significantly inhibits HBV replication by promoting the autophagic degradation of HBV virions. Our findings support that SAC1-mediated phospholipid metabolism greatly modulates certain steps of the HBV life-cycle and provide a new theoretical basis for antiviral therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yingying Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hecun Zou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Chongqing, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Key Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Chongqing, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Chongqing, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Chongqing, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li W, Yang N, Li K, Fan H, Yu Q, Wu H, Wang Y, Meng X, Wu J, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wang X, Qin X, Lu K, Zhuang W, He S, Janne P, Seto T, Ou SH, Zhou C. 14MO Updated efficacy and safety of taletrectinib in patients (pts) with ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
19
|
Zhang Y, Li H, Lv L, Lu K, Li H, Zhang W, Cui T. Autophagy: Dual roles and perspective for clinical treatment of colorectal cancer. Biochimie 2023; 206:49-60. [PMID: 36244578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) raises concerns to people because of its high recurrence and metastasis rate, diagnosis challenges, and poor prognosis. Various studies have shown the association of altered autophagy with tumorigenesis, tumor-stroma interactions, and resistance to cancer therapy in CRC. Autophagy is a highly conserved cytosolic catabolic process in eukaryotes that plays distinct roles in CRC occurrence and progression. In early tumorigenesis, autophagy may inhibit tumor growth through diverse mechanisms, whereas it exhibits a tumor promoting function in CRC progression. This different functions of autophagy in CRC occurrence and progression make developing therapies targeting autophagy complicated. In this review, we discuss the classification and process of autophagy as well as its dual roles in CRC, functions in the tumor microenvironment, cross-talk with apoptosis, and potential usefulness as a CRC therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Zhang
- West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Huihui Li
- West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Cui
- West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Gynecological Disease Research and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li C, Lu K. Comments on "Relatively low and moderate pre-fracture serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels associated with the highest survival in elderly hip fracture patients in Finland: a minimum 3-year follow-up". Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:413-414. [PMID: 36409360 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 91 West of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - K Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 91 West of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang BB, Tang YG, Mei QS, Li XY, Lu K. Inhibiting creep in nanograined alloys with stable grain boundary networks. Science 2022; 378:659-663. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abq7739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Creep, the time-dependent deformation of materials stressed below the yield strength, is responsible for a great number of component failures at high temperatures. Because grain boundaries (GBs) in materials usually facilitate diffusional processes in creep, eliminating GBs is a primary approach to resisting high-temperature creep in metals, such as in single-crystal superalloy turbo blades. We report a different strategy to inhibiting creep by use of stable GB networks. Plastic deformation triggered structural relaxation of high-density GBs in nanograined single-phased nickel-cobalt-chromium alloys, forming networks of stable GBs interlocked with abundant twin boundaries. The stable GB networks effectively inhibit diffusional creep processes at high temperatures. We obtained an unprecedented creep resistance, with creep rates of ~10
–7
per second under gigapascal stress at 700°C (~61% melting point), outperforming that of conventional superalloys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. B. Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Y. G. Tang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Q. S. Mei
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - X. Y. Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - K. Lu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110004, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gisbert E, Moreira DC, Mozanzadeh MT, Lu K. Editorial: Rising stars in aquatic physiology: 2022. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1081961. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1081961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
23
|
Huang T, Jiang G, Zhang Y, Lei Y, Liu S, Li H, Lu K. The RNA polymerase II subunit Rpb9 activates ATG1 transcription and autophagy. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54993. [PMID: 36102592 PMCID: PMC9638876 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202254993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved process in eukaryotic cells that mediates the degradation and recycling of intracellular substrates. Proteins encoded by autophagy-related (ATG) genes are essentially involved in the autophagy process and must be tightly regulated in response to various circumstances, such as nutrient-rich and starvation conditions. However, crucial transcriptional activators of ATG genes have remained obscure. Here, we identify the RNA polymerase II subunit Rpb9 as an essential regulator of autophagy by a high-throughput screen of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene knockout library. Rpb9 plays a crucial and specific role in upregulating ATG1 transcription, and its deficiency decreases autophagic activities. Rpb9 promotes ATG1 transcription by binding to its promoter region, which is mediated by Gcn4. Furthermore, the function of Rpb9 in autophagy and its regulation of ATG1/ULK1 transcription are conserved in mammalian cells. Together, our results indicate that Rpb9 specifically activates ATG1 transcription and thus positively regulates the autophagy process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Gaoyue Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yabin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuqing Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huihui Li
- West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu H, Liu Q, Xu H, Mo M, Wang Z, Lu K, Zhou J, Chen J, Zheng X, Ye J, Ge X, Luo H, Song S, Chen Y, Zhao K. 132TiP Dose escalation of chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on positron emission tomography response: A phase III, open-label, randomized, controlled trial (ESO-Shanghai 12). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
|
25
|
Lu K, Rothe M, Floegel U, Kotzka J, Oehler D, Roden M, Kelm M, Szendroedi J, Westenfeld R. Chronic insulin resistance deteriorates cardiac mitochondrial quality control in a mouse model of SEC-NAFLD-IR. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) both relate to cardiovascular mortality. Using a mouse model of chronic lipid overload and secondary-NAFLD-induced insulin resistance (SEC-NAFLD-IR), we recently deciphered that SEC-NAFLD-IR already at young age provoked myocardial lipotoxicity with reduced mitochondrial efficiency and increased vulnerability to cardiac ischemia. However, long-term consequences of SEC-NAFLD-IR remain elusive.
Purpose
Here we aimed to elucidate the impact of long-term SEC-NAFLD-IR on multiple mitochondrial quality control (mQC) mechanisms in the heart and its consequences for cardiac function.
Methods
We studied 36 SEC-NAFLD-IR mice (72-week-old). For mechanistic experiments, we applied palmitate-induced insulin resistant murine HL-1 cells. Cardiac mitochondrial dynamics were measured via quantification of mitochondrial morphology and expression of mitochondrial fusion and fission factors (Opa1, Drp1, Fis1, Mfn 1 & 2). Mitophagy level was evaluated via immunofluorescence and protein expression of key mitophagy-related genes (Parkin, NIX, LC3). Mitochondrial biogenesis and mass were examined via quantitation of PGC-1α expression, mtDNA and citrate synthase activity.
Results
72-week-old SEC-NAFLD-IR mice exhibited 21% (p=0.001) and 32% (p<0.001) higher body weight and heart weight compared with controls. Along with elevated oxidative stress, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation, 6h-fasted SEC-NAFLD-IR mice were characterized by increased plasma glucose, insulin and cholesterol. SEC-NAFLD-IR mice displayed a cardiac phenotype with 21% higher left ventricular mass (normalized to body weight, p<0.001) and 6% lower ejection fraction compared to controls (73.5% SEM 0.90 vs 69.4% SEM 1.65, p=0.04). We found several advantageous mQC mechanisms suppressed in aged SEC-NAFLD-IR mice including long form OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion, Parkin- and NIX-mediated mitophagy. Likewise, mitochondrial biogenesis was suppressed in the aged insulin-resistant heart, which was connected to a 65% downregulation of PGC-1α1 expression (p=0.01). Interestingly, downregulation of cardiac PGC-1α1 in aged SEC-NAFLD-IR mice coincided with upregulation of PARIS, indicating the crucial participation of the Parkin/PARIS pathway in mQC of the insulin-resistant heart. In addition, induction of insulin resistance in murine HL-1 cardiomyocytes also led to increased mitochondrial fragmentation and decreased PGC-1α1 expression.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that regulation of mitochondrial network and turnover is hampered by SEC-NAFLD-IR in the hearts of aged mice, which may contribute to hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction in insulin resistance.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Collaborative Research Centre 1116 (German Research Foundation)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Lu
- University Hospital Duesseldorf, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - M Rothe
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - U Floegel
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - J Kotzka
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute for Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - D Oehler
- University Hospital Duesseldorf, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - M Roden
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - M Kelm
- University Hospital Duesseldorf, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - J Szendroedi
- University Hospital of Heidelberg, Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - R Westenfeld
- University Hospital Duesseldorf, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lu K, Pedersen B, Rosa RL, Krogh-Johansen H, Conlon B, Muhlebach M. 503 Bacterial characteristics and metabolism of persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
27
|
Hu X, Garcia E, Goossens A, Gozo M, Lee T, Liu X, Le B, Taylor Meadows K, Eto D, Yusuf I, Lu K, Michels T, Kasem M, Marby K, Rowbottom M, Osterhout R, Carter L. An orally bioavailable ENPP1-selective inhibitor demonstrates superior immune preservation effects over STING agonists and confers antitumor efficacy in combination with other therapies in syngeneic tumor models. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
28
|
Wang P, Wang Z, Pan J, Lu K, Sun L, Geng Y. Case report: Ultrasound-Assisted endovascular therapy for carotid artery floating thrombus. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:961760. [PMID: 36187000 PMCID: PMC9519131 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.961760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carotid free-floating thrombus (CFFT) is a rare but sometimes emergent condition. There has been controversy over the optimal treatment strategy. Emerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) may be an alternative to surgery. Accurate alignment of the aspiration catheter and thrombus during EVT is critical but has, so far, remained unresolved. Case summary This is a rare case of CFFT presenting with acute right-sided facial droop and moderate dysarthria in a 77-year-old man. He was in sinus rhythm with a blood pressure of 110/82 mmHg. Both non-contrast CT (NCCT) and head CT angiography (CTA) were unremarkable, while whole-brain CT perfusion (WB-CTP) suggested left hemisphere core infarction. Delayed imaging of the left internal carotid system by 4D-CTA suggested severe proximal obstructive disease, as confirmed by carotid CTA and ultrasonography. The initial two aspirations under DSA were invalid due to the challenging anatomical angle between the thrombus and the catheter. The success of CFFT removal was achieved with a pressure-assisted ultrasound-guided approach that helps to compress the catheter tip toward the thrombus. Conclusion We innovatively report a successful ultrasound-guided EVT for CFFT. Ultrasound assistance can provide quick and effective guidance and may guide tailored aspirations during EVT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Neurology, Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Litao Sun
- Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Litao Sun
| | - Yu Geng
- Department of Neurology, Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Yu Geng
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hinchcliff E, Mosely A, Hull S, Westin S, Sood A, Schmeler K, Taylor J, Huang S, Sheth R, Lu K, Jazaeri A. 567P Phase Ib study of Intraperitoneal (IP) administration of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with recurrent gynaecologic malignancies with peritoneal involvement. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
30
|
Dirr M, Christensen R, Anvery N, Merkel E, Worley B, Harikumar V, Lu K, Evans S, Poon E, Alam M. LB984 Intralesional sodium thiosulfate as a reversal agent for calcium hydroxylapatite soft tissue filler: An in vitro and ex vivo comparison. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
31
|
Techner J, Hooper M, Evans S, LeWitt T, Paller A, Lu K, Guitart J, Zhou X. 859 Skin tape strip proteomics in mycosis fungoides identifies tumor associated biomarkers. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
32
|
Biyashev D, Siwicka Z, Demczuk M, Onay U, Evans S, Collins-McCallum N, Gianneschi N, Lu K. 577 Synthetic melanin nanoparticles improve wound healing. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
33
|
Ernst M, Evans S, Techner J, Rothbaum R, Christensen L, Onay U, Biyashev D, Demczuk M, Cooper K, Lu K. 839 Early biomarker identification for immune sensitization and prevention with oral vitamin D3. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
34
|
Onay U, Xu D, Biyashev D, Demczuk M, Evans S, Podojil J, Miller S, Lu K. 793 The ”T” in cutaneous wound healing. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
35
|
Zhang Y, Liu S, Xu Q, Li H, Lu K. Cleavage of the selective autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 by the SARS-CoV-2 main protease NSP5 prevents the autophagic degradation of viral membrane proteins. Mol Biomed 2022; 3:17. [PMID: 35654983 PMCID: PMC9162485 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. Omicron, a new variant of SARS-CoV-2, has the characteristics of strong transmission and pathogenicity, short incubation period, and rapid onset progression, and has spread rapidly around the world. The high replication rate and intracellular accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 are remarkable, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Autophagy acts as a conservative cellular defence mechanism against invading pathogens. Here, we provide evidence that the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, NSP5, effectively cleaves the selective autophagy receptor p62. NSP5 targets p62 for cleavage at glutamic acid 354 and thus abolishes the capacity of p62 to mediate selective autophagy. It was further shown that p62 specifically interacted with ubiquitinated SARS-CoV-2 M, the viral membrane protein, to promote its autophagic degradation. In the presence of NSP5, p62-mediated autophagic degradation of the M protein was inhibited. The cleaved products of p62 also cannot facilitate the degradation of the M protein. Collectively, our findings reveal that p62 is a novel host target of SARS-CoV-2 NSP5 and suggest that selective autophagy targets viruses and potential strategies by which the virus evades autophagic clearance. Our results may provide new ideas for the development of anti-COVID-19 drugs based on autophagy and NSP5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qingjia Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang H, Jiang J, Hu Z, Zhang B, Cai W, Xu L, Lu K. Clinical Experience of Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of 6 Cases of Acute Subhepatic Appendicitis. J Healthc Eng 2022; 2022:4969774. [PMID: 35469233 PMCID: PMC9034925 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4969774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To summarize the experience of diagnosis and surgical treatment of 6 cases of acute subhepatic appendicitis. The clinical data of 6 patients with subacute appendicitis in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from July 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Results. There were 5 males and 1 female. All 6 cases were diagnosed as appendicitis by abdominal CT before operation. All patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy without conversion to laparotomy. One case of ectopic appendix was located under the liver with absence of ascending colon, one case of ectopic appendix was located under the liver with ectopic ascending colon of transverse colon, one case of appendix head was located in the liver cyst, and the resection of liver cyst was performed at the same time, and three cases of retrocolonic appendix head were located under the liver. Postoperative pathology confirmed appendicitis. For patients with right upper abdominal pain and tenderness, the possibility of subhepatic appendicitis should be considered before operation. Emergency abdominal CT has more advantages than ultrasound. Laparoscopy can not only make a definite diagnosis but also perform appendectomy at the same time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongguo Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 31001, China
| | - Zhiming Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Wenwei Cai
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Liming Xu
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Palmitoylation is a special kind of lipid modification that targets proteins to membranes. This protocol introduces the acyl-biotin exchange (ABE) assay to determine the palmitoylation of protein cysteines in yeast. Palmitoylation is exchanged by biotinylated compounds so that the palmitoyl proteins can be affinity-purified for downstream assay by western blot. This protocol is easy to perform and can be applied to other biological sources with slight modifications. This protocol is limited to the detection of cysteine-based palmitoylation. For complete details on the use and execution of this profile, please refer to Lei et al. (2021).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lei
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiangli Zhu
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jiang L, Shen T, Wang X, Dai L, Lu K, Li H. N-terminal acetylation regulates autophagy. Autophagy 2022; 18:700-702. [PMID: 35090375 PMCID: PMC9037517 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2027192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modification (PTM) is pivotal for regulating protein functions. Compared to acetylation on lysine residues, the functions and molecular mechanisms of N-terminal acetylation that occur on the first amino acids of proteins are less understood in the macroautophagy/autophagy field. We recently demonstrated that the B-type N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB, formed by the catalytic subunit Nat3 and auxiliary subunit Mdm20, is essential for autophagy. Deficiency of NatB causes blockage of autophagosome formation. We further identified the actin cytoskeleton constituent Act1 and dynamin-like GTPase Vps1 as substrates modified by NatB. The N-terminal acetylation of Act1 promotes its formation of actin filaments and thus facilitates trafficking of Atg9-containing vesicles for autophagosome formation, whereas N-terminal acetylation of Vps1 promotes its interaction with SNARE proteins and facilitates autophagosome-vacuole fusion. Restoring the N-terminal acetylation of Act and Vps1 does not restore autophagy in NatB-deleted cells, suggesting that additional substrates of NatB modification are involved in autophagy regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyun Shen
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,CONTACT Huihui Li Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li E, Zou XL, Xu LQ, Chu YQ, Feng X, Lian H, Liu HQ, Liu AD, Han MK, Dong JQ, Wang HH, Liu JW, Zang Q, Wang SX, Zhou TF, Huang YH, Hu LQ, Zhou C, Qu HX, Chen Y, Lin SY, Zhang B, Qian JP, Hu JS, Xu GS, Chen JL, Lu K, Liu FK, Song YT, Li JG, Gong XZ. Experimental Evidence of Intrinsic Current Generation by Turbulence in Stationary Tokamak Plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:085003. [PMID: 35275672 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.085003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-β_{θe} (a ratio of the electron thermal pressure to the poloidal magnetic pressure) steady-state long-pulse plasmas with steep central electron temperature gradient are achieved in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. An intrinsic current is observed to be modulated by turbulence driven by the electron temperature gradient. This turbulent current is generated in the countercurrent direction and can reach a maximum ratio of 25% of the bootstrap current. Gyrokinetic simulations and experimental observations indicate that the turbulence is the electron temperature gradient mode (ETG). The dominant mechanism for the turbulent current generation is due to the divergence of ETG-driven residual flux of current. Good agreement has been found between experiments and theory for the critical value of the electron temperature gradient triggering ETG and for the level of the turbulent current. The maximum values of turbulent current and electron temperature gradient lead to the destabilization of an m/n=1/1 kink mode, which by counteraction reduces the turbulence level (m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode number, respectively). These observations suggest that the self-regulation system including turbulence, turbulent current, and kink mode is a contributing mechanism for sustaining the steady-state long-pulse high-β_{θe} regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erzhong Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Zou
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - L Q Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Q Chu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - X Feng
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - H Lian
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Q Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - A D Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - M K Han
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - J Q Dong
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - H H Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J W Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - S X Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - T F Zhou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Huang
- Advanced Energy Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - C Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - H X Qu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - B Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J P Qian
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J S Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J L Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - K Lu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - F K Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y T Song
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J G Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X Z Gong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hua G, Zhang X, Zhang M, Wang Q, Chen X, Yu R, Bao H, Liu J, Wu X, Shao Y, Liang B, Lu K. Real-world circulating tumor DNA analysis depicts resistance mechanism and clonal evolution in ALK inhibitor-treated lung adenocarcinoma patients. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100337. [PMID: 35123209 PMCID: PMC8818928 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sequential treatment with different generations of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have been widely applied to ALK-positive lung cancer; however, resistance mutations inevitably developed. Further characterization of ALK resistance mutations may provide key guidance to subsequent therapies. Here we explored the emergence of secondary ALK mutations during sequential ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in a real-world study of Chinese lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients. Methods A clinical-genomic database was queried for lung ADC patients with at least one ALK inhibitor treatment and at least one plasma sample collected following ALK inhibitor treatment. Targeted genome profiling was performed with a 139-gene panel in baseline tumor tissue and serial plasma samples of patients. Results A total of 116 patients met inclusion criteria. ALK G1202R was more common in patients with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-ALK v3 fusion, whereas ALK L1196M was more common in v1. TP53 mutant patients were significantly associated with harboring multiple ALK resistance mutations (P = 0.03) and v3+/TP53 mutant patients had the highest rate of multiple ALK resistance mutations. The sequential use of ALK TKI led to an increased incidence of concurrent ALK mutations along the lines of therapies. Alectinib had a lower rate (9%) harboring ALK resistance mutation as first-line ALK TKI compared with crizotinib (36%). ALK compound mutations identified included ALK D1203N/L1196M, ALK G1202R/L1196M, and ALK G1202R/F1174C, which may be lorlatinib resistant. Using paired pretreatment and post-treatment samples, we identified several ALK-independent resistance-related genetic alterations, including PTPRD and CNKN2A/B loss, MYC, MYCN and KRAS amplification, and EGFR19del. Conclusions Sequential postprogression plasma profiling revealed that increased lines of ALK inhibitors can accelerate the accumulation of ALK resistance mutations and may lead to treatment-refractory compound ALK mutations. The selection for optimal first-line TKI is very important to achieve a more efficacious long-term strategy and prevent the emergence of on-target resistance, which may provide guidance for clinical decision making. ALK resistance mutations were differentially enriched in the setting of EML4-ALK v1/v3 and TP53 status. Serial liquid biopsies NGS depicted accumulation of multiple ALK secondary mutations during sequential ALK treatments. Several lorlatinib-resistant ALK compound mutations and ALK-independent resistance genetic alterations were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Hua
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - X Zhang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Chen
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - R Yu
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - H Bao
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - J Liu
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - X Wu
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China
| | - Y Shao
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - B Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China.
| | - K Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Doumtsis N, Patel S, Ramchand J, Lu K, Srivastava P, Patel S, Burrell L. Circulating Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Activity in Hospitalised Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
42
|
Abstract
The hexanucleotide repeat (GGGGCC) expansion in C9orf72 is accounted for a large proportion of the genetic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The hypotheses of how the massive G4C2 repeats in C9orf72 destroy the neurons and lead to ALS/FTD are raised and improving. As a multirole player, C9orf72 exerts critical roles in many cellular processes, including autophagy, membrane trafficking, immune response, and so on. Notably, the partners of C9orf72, through which C9orf72 participates in the cell activities, have been identified. Notably, the structures of the C9orf72-SMCR8-WDR41 complex shed light on its activity as GTPase activating proteins (GAP). In this manuscript, we reviewed the latest research progress in the C9orf72-mediated ALS/FTD, the physiological functions of C9orf72, and the putative function models of C9orf72/C9orf72-containing complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tizhong Zhang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,CONTACT Shiqian Qi Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhao Z, Lu K, Mao B, Liu S, Trilling M, Huang A, Lu M, Lin Y. The interplay between emerging human coronavirus infections and autophagy. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:196-205. [PMID: 33399028 PMCID: PMC7872537 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1872353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Following outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2002 and 2012, respectively, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third highly pathogenic emerging human coronavirus (hCoV). SARS-CoV-2 is currently causing the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. CoV infections in target cells may stimulate the formation of numerous double-membrane autophagosomes and induce autophagy. Several studies provided evidence that hCoV infections are closely related to various cellular aspects associated with autophagy. Autophagy may even promote hCoV infection and replication. However, so far it is unclear how hCoV infections induce autophagy and whether the autophagic machinery is necessary for viral propagation. Here, we summarize the most recent advances concerning the mutual interplay between the autophagic machinery and the three emerging hCoVs, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 and the model system mouse hepatitis virus. We also discuss the applicability of approved and well-tolerated drugs targeting autophagy as a potential treatment against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binli Mao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mirko Trilling
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shen T, Jiang L, Wang X, Xu Q, Han L, Liu S, Huang T, Li H, Dai L, Li H, Lu K. Function and molecular mechanism of N-terminal acetylation in autophagy. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109937. [PMID: 34788606 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetyl ligation to the amino acids in a protein is an important posttranslational modification. However, in contrast to lysine acetylation, N-terminal acetylation is elusive in terms of its cellular functions. Here, we identify Nat3 as an N-terminal acetyltransferase essential for autophagy, a catabolic pathway for bulk transport and degradation of cytoplasmic components. We identify the actin cytoskeleton constituent Act1 and dynamin-like GTPase Vps1 (vacuolar protein sorting 1) as substrates for Nat3-mediated N-terminal acetylation of the first methionine. Acetylated Act1 forms actin filaments and therefore promotes the transport of Atg9 vesicles for autophagosome formation; acetylated Vps1 recruits and facilitates bundling of the SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor activating protein receptor) complex for autophagosome fusion with vacuoles. Abolishment of the N-terminal acetylation of Act1 and Vps1 is associated with blockage of upstream and downstream steps of the autophagy process. Therefore, our work shows that protein N-terminal acetylation plays a critical role in controlling autophagy by fine-tuning multiple steps in the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingjia Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lei Y, Zhang X, Xu Q, Liu S, Li C, Jiang H, Lin H, Kong E, Liu J, Qi S, Li H, Xu W, Lu K. A conserved Vac8/ARMC3-PtdIns3K-CI cascade regulates autophagy initiation and functions in spermiogenesis by promoting ribophagy. Autophagy 2021; 17:4512-4514. [PMID: 34705610 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1988813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is special because the double-layer lipid-formed autophagosome is formed by de novo generation. Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) produced by class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I (PtdIns3K-CI) is an essential source lipid for the formation of autophagosomes. However, how autophagy is initiated is unknown. In other words, the mechanism by which PtdIns3K-CI is recruited to the phagophore assembly site (PAS) to initiate autophagosome formation is unclear. We recently uncovered the pivotal role of yeast Vac8 in autophagy initiation through the recruitment of PtdIns3K-CI to the PAS. N-terminal palmitoylation of Vac8 anchors it to the vacuole membrane, and the middle ARM domains bind PtdIns3K-CI, leading to the generation of PtdIns3P at the PAS and subsequent autophagosome formation. We found that mouse ARMC3 is the homolog of yeast Vac8 and that its autophagic roles are conserved. Interestingly, spermatids from mice with Armc3 deletion showed blocked ribophagy, low energy levels of mitochondria and motionless flagella, which caused male infertility. These findings revealed a germ tissue-specific autophagic function of ARMC3 in complex eukaryotic species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lei
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Scu-cuhk), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingjia Xu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haocheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Scu-cuhk), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xiao T, Zhang P, Feng T, Lu K, Wang X, Zhou S, Qiang Y. Butyrate functions in concert with myeloid-derived suppressor cells recruited by CCR9 to alleviate DSS-induced murine colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:108034. [PMID: 34426112 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a precancerous disease caused mainly by a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and microbiota dysbiosis. As a kind of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), butyrate has been shown to be closely related to the progression of colitis. However, the exact regulatory mechanism of butyrate in colitis needs to be further elucidated. In our current research, the effects of butyrate were examined in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis model, which simulates human UC. The administration of butyrate significantly reversed the signs of colitis and alleviated colonic histological damage in DSS‑induced colitis. The transcription levels of the main proinflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-12, were also reduced, as determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). This indicates that butyrate could alleviate DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting proinflammatory mediators. In addition, we found that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which have an inflammation-relieving effect, did not effectively alleviate DSS‑induced colitis but showed a compensatory increase in the DSS group. However, the compensatory increase in MDSCs in the DSS group significantly decreased after butyrate treatment. Moreover, the chemokine receptor CCR9, which mediates the homing of intestinal immune cells, also showed consistent changes similar to MDSCs. Butyrate alone did not have the aforementioned effects on mice. Thus, butyrate may effectively relieve DSS‑induced colitis by synergistic regulatory effects with MDSCs, which migrate and gather through CCR9 recruitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224000, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Tongbao Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yetao Qiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jin Z, Li X, Lu K. Formation of Stable Schwarz Crystals in Polycrystalline Copper at the Grain Size Limit. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:136101. [PMID: 34623842 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A prototype Schwarz crystal (SC) structure of dividing-space minimal grain boundaries (GBs) constrained by coherent twin boundaries (CTBs) was recently discovered in extremely fine-grained polycrystalline Cu. In this Letter, constraining effects of 3D CTB network on the formation and thermostability of SC are addressed via atomistic simulations. GB migration and evolution of CTB network trigger formation of SC diamond. CTB constraints are critical to generate GBs of zero mean curvature underlying vanishing capillary pressure, and to counterbalance the elastic driving forces of lattice. GB motion can be suppressed at temperatures close to the melting point with GB aperture down to 3 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Jin
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiuyan Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - K Lu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Da J, Ali K, Lu K, Lou H, Qiu Y, Shan J, Wu L. Off-label use of dupilumab for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in children aged below 6 years of age: a case series. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 47:423-425. [PMID: 34482550 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Da
- Department of, Dermatology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - K Ali
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - K Lu
- Department of, Oncological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Lou
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Shan
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Wu
- Department of, Dermatology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lei Y, Zhang X, Xu Q, Liu S, Li C, Jiang H, Lin H, Kong E, Liu J, Qi S, Li H, Xu W, Lu K. Autophagic elimination of ribosomes during spermiogenesis provides energy for flagellar motility. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2313-2328.e7. [PMID: 34428398 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
How autophagy initiation is regulated and what the functional significance of this regulation is are unknown. Here, we characterized the role of yeast Vac8 in autophagy initiation through recruitment of PIK3C3-C1 to the phagophore assembly site (PAS). This recruitment is dependent on the palmitoylation of Vac8 and on its middle ARM domains for binding PIK3C3-C1. Vac8-mediated anchoring of PIK3C3-C1 promotes PtdIns3P generation at the PAS and recruitment of the PtdIns3P binding protein Atg18-Atg2. The mouse homolog of Vac8, ARMC3, is conserved and functions in autophagy in mouse testes. Mice lacking ARMC3 have normal viability but show complete male infertility. Proteomic analysis indicated that the autophagic degradation of cytosolic ribosomes was blocked in ARMC3-deficient spermatids, which caused low energy levels of mitochondria and motionless flagella. These studies uncovered a function of Vac8/ARMC3 in PtdIns3-kinase anchoring at the PAS and its physical significance in mammalian spermatogenesis with a germ tissue-specific autophagic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lei
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingjia Xu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haocheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Wenming Xu
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Xu W, Zhang B, Li XY, Lu K. Suppressing atomic diffusion with the Schwarz crystal structure in supersaturated Al-Mg alloys. Science 2021; 373:683-687. [PMID: 34353952 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh0700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High atomic diffusivity in metals enables substantial tuneability of their structure and properties by tailoring the diffusional processes, but this causes their customized properties to be unstable at elevated temperatures. Eliminating diffusive interfaces by fabricating single crystals or heavily alloying helps to address this issue but does not inhibit atomic diffusion at high homologous temperatures. We discovered that the Schwarz crystal structure was effective at suppressing atomic diffusion in a supersaturated aluminum-magnesium alloy with extremely fine grains. By forming these stable structures, diffusion-controlled intermetallic precipitation from the nanosized grains and their coarsening were inhibited up to the equilibrium melting temperature, around which the apparent across-boundary diffusivity was reduced by about seven orders of magnitude. Developing advanced engineering alloys using the Schwarz crystal structure may lead to useful properties for high-temperature applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - B Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - X Y Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - K Lu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|