1
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Xiao FK, Wang L. Comprehensive Analysis of Expression and Pathway for CD27 in Esophageal Cancer. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:2087-2094. [PMID: 37584826 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
CD27 as a marker of memory B cells is belong to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, CD27 is ligated by CD70, they can co-stimulate T-cell growth and differentiation through their interaction. Uncertainty surrounds CD27's function in esophageal cancer (EC). This study investigated the role of CD27 in the prognosis of EC using the TCGA, cbioportal, linkedomics and GEPIA databases as well as the proliferation assay was applied. CD27 differential expression may be a key factor in the development of EC. different level of CD27 expression in EC has profound impacts on TOR complex, and many kinds of kinase (KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase, transforming growth factor beta receptor 1, and G protein-coupled receptor kinase 3.), as well as the cell membrane, and survival analysis revealed that it had a significant impact on both the overall survival and disease-free survival of EC. CD27 overexpression will suppress the viability of the KYSE150 and TE3 cells. Our findings suggested that the degree of CD27 expression could serve as an esophageal cancer prognosis biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Kai Xiao
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
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2
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Costa JP, de Carvalho A, Paiva A, Borges O. Insights into Immune Exhaustion in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Review of Checkpoint Receptor Expression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:964. [PMID: 39065812 PMCID: PMC11279883 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B, caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), often progresses to chronic infection, leading to severe complications, such as cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chronic HBV infection is characterized by a complex interplay between the virus and the host immune system, resulting in immune cell exhaustion, a phenomenon commonly observed in chronic viral infections and cancer. This state of exhaustion involves elevated levels of inhibitory molecules, cells, and cell surface receptors, as opposed to stimulatory counterparts. This review aims to elucidate the expression patterns of various co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory receptors on immune cells isolated from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. By analyzing existing data, the review conducts comparisons between CHB patients and healthy adults, explores the differences between HBV-specific and total T cells in CHB patients, and examines variations between intrahepatic and peripheral immune cells in CHB patients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying immune exhaustion in CHB is crucial for developing novel immunotherapeutic approaches. This detailed analysis sheds light on the immune exhaustion observed in CHB and lays the groundwork for future combined immunotherapy strategies aimed at leveraging checkpoint receptors to restore immune function and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Panão Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Armando de Carvalho
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.d.C.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Paiva
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.d.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Olga Borges
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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3
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Willoughby JE, Dou L, Bhattacharya S, Jackson H, Seestaller-Wehr L, Kilian D, Bover L, Voo KS, Cox KL, Murray T, John M, Shi H, Bojczuk P, Jing J, Niederer H, Shepherd AJ, Hook L, Hopley S, Inzhelevskaya T, Penfold CA, Mockridge CI, English V, Brett SJ, Srinivasan R, Hopson C, Smothers J, Hoos A, Paul E, Martin SL, Morley PJ, Yanamandra N, Cragg MS. Impact of isotype on the mechanism of action of agonist anti-OX40 antibodies in cancer: implications for therapeutic combinations. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008677. [PMID: 38964788 PMCID: PMC11227834 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OX40 has been widely studied as a target for immunotherapy with agonist antibodies taken forward into clinical trials for cancer where they are yet to show substantial efficacy. Here, we investigated potential mechanisms of action of anti-mouse (m) OX40 and anti-human (h) OX40 antibodies, including a clinically relevant monoclonal antibody (mAb) (GSK3174998) and evaluated how isotype can alter those mechanisms with the aim to develop improved antibodies for use in rational combination treatments for cancer. METHODS Anti-mOX40 and anti-hOX40 mAbs were evaluated in a number of in vivo models, including an OT-I adoptive transfer immunization model in hOX40 knock-in (KI) mice and syngeneic tumor models. The impact of FcγR engagement was evaluated in hOX40 KI mice deficient for Fc gamma receptors (FcγR). Additionally, combination studies using anti-mouse programmed cell death protein-1 (mPD-1) were assessed. In vitro experiments using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) examining possible anti-hOX40 mAb mechanisms of action were also performed. RESULTS Isotype variants of the clinically relevant mAb GSK3174998 showed immunomodulatory effects that differed in mechanism; mIgG1 mediated direct T-cell agonism while mIgG2a acted indirectly, likely through depletion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) via activating FcγRs. In both the OT-I and EG.7-OVA models, hIgG1 was the most effective human isotype, capable of acting both directly and through Treg depletion. The anti-hOX40 hIgG1 synergized with anti-mPD-1 to improve therapeutic outcomes in the EG.7-OVA model. Finally, in vitro assays with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs), anti-hOX40 hIgG1 also showed the potential for T-cell stimulation and Treg depletion. CONCLUSIONS These findings underline the importance of understanding the role of isotype in the mechanism of action of therapeutic mAbs. As an hIgG1, the anti-hOX40 mAb can elicit multiple mechanisms of action that could aid or hinder therapeutic outcomes, dependent on the microenvironment. This should be considered when designing potential combinatorial partners and their FcγR requirements to achieve maximal benefit and improvement of patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Willoughby
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Lang Dou
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Heather Jackson
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura Seestaller-Wehr
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Kilian
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura Bover
- Immunology Department/ Genomics Medicine Department, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kui S Voo
- ORBIT, Institute of Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kerry L Cox
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tom Murray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mel John
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hong Shi
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul Bojczuk
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Junping Jing
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather Niederer
- Biopharm Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Stevenage, UK
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- Protein, Cellular and Structural Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK
| | - Laura Hook
- Biopharm Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Stevenage, UK
| | - Stephanie Hopley
- Biopharm Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Stevenage, UK
| | - Tatyana Inzhelevskaya
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Chris A Penfold
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Ian Mockridge
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Vikki English
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sara J Brett
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Roopa Srinivasan
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Hopson
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James Smothers
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Axel Hoos
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elaine Paul
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
- GlaxoSmithKline, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen L Martin
- Biopharm Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Stevenage, UK
| | - Peter J Morley
- Immunology Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK
| | - Niranjan Yanamandra
- Immuno-Oncology and Combinations RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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4
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Liang X, Li X, Wu R, He T, Liu F, Li L, Zhang Y, Gong S, Zhang M, Kou X, Chen T, You Y, Shen M, Wu Q, Gong C. Breaking the Tumor Chronic Inflammation Balance with a Programmable Release and Multi-Stimulation Engineering Scaffold for Potent Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401377. [PMID: 38760901 PMCID: PMC11267263 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated chronic inflammation severely restricts the efficacy of immunotherapy in cold tumors. Here, a programmable release hydrogel-based engineering scaffold with multi-stimulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-response (PHOENIX) is demonstrated to break the chronic inflammatory balance in cold tumors to induce potent immunity. PHOENIX can undergo programmable release of resiquimod and anti-OX40 under ROS. Resiquimod is first released, leading to antigen-presenting cell maturation and the transformation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and M2 macrophages into an antitumor immune phenotype. Subsequently, anti-OX40 is transported into the tumor microenvironment, leading to effector T-cell activation and inhibition of Treg function. PHOENIX consequently breaks the chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment and leads to a potent immune response. In mice bearing subcutaneous triple-negative breast cancer and metastasis models, PHOENIX effectively inhibited 80% and 60% of tumor growth, respectively. Moreover, PHOENIX protected 100% of the mice against TNBC tumor rechallenge by electing a robust long-term antigen-specific immune response. An excellent inhibition and prolonged survival in PHOENIX-treated mice with colorectal cancer and melanoma is also observed. This work presents a potent therapeutic scaffold to improve immunotherapy efficiency, representing a generalizable and facile regimen for cold tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqi Liang
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xinchao Li
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Tao He
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Furong Liu
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Songlin Gong
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiaorong Kou
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Yanjie You
- Department of GastroenterologyPeople's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionYinchuan750002China
| | - Meiling Shen
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qinjie Wu
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Changyang Gong
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
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5
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Stergiopoulos GM, Concilio SC, Galanis E. An Update on the Clinical Status, Challenges, and Future Directions of Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Gliomas. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:952-991. [PMID: 38896326 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-024-01211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Malignant gliomas are common central nervous system tumors that pose a significant clinical challenge due to the lack of effective treatments. Glioblastoma (GBM), a grade 4 malignant glioma, is the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumor and is associated with poor prognosis. Current clinical trials are exploring various strategies to combat GBM, with oncolytic viruses (OVs) appearing particularly promising. In addition to ongoing and recently completed clinical trials, one OV (Teserpaturev, Delytact®) received provisional approval for GBM treatment in Japan. OVs are designed to selectively target and eliminate cancer cells while promoting changes in the tumor microenvironment that can trigger and support long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. OVs offer the potential to remodel the tumor microenvironment and reverse systemic immune exhaustion. Additionally, an increasing number of OVs are armed with immunomodulatory payloads or combined with immunotherapy approaches in an effort to promote anti-tumor responses in a tumor-targeted manner. Recently completed oncolytic virotherapy trials can guide the way for future treatment individualization through patient preselection, enhancing the likelihood of achieving the highest possible clinical success. These trials also offer valuable insight into the numerous challenges inherent in malignant glioma treatment, some of which OVs can help overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evanthia Galanis
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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6
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Pal SK, Tran B, Haanen JB, Hurwitz ME, Sacher A, Tannir NM, Budde LE, Harrison SJ, Klobuch S, Patel SS, Meza L, Dequeant ML, Ma A, He QA, Williams LM, Keegan A, Gurary EB, Dar H, Karnik S, Guo C, Heath H, Yuen RR, Morrow PK, Agarwal N, Srour SA. CD70-Targeted Allogeneic CAR T-Cell Therapy for Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:1176-1189. [PMID: 38583184 PMCID: PMC11215406 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain limited; however, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies may offer novel treatment options. CTX130, an allogeneic CD70-targeting CAR T-cell product, was developed for the treatment of advanced or refractory ccRCC. We report that CTX130 showed favorable preclinical proliferation and cytotoxicity profiles and completely regressed RCC xenograft tumors. We also report results from 16 patients with relapsed/refractory ccRCC who received CTX130 in a phase I, multicenter, first-in-human clinical trial. No patients encountered dose-limiting toxicity, and disease control was achieved in 81.3% of patients. One patient remains in a durable complete response at 3 years. Finally, we report on a next-generation CAR T construct, CTX131, in which synergistic potency edits to CTX130 confer improved expansion and efficacy in preclinical studies. These data represent a proof of concept for the treatment of ccRCC and other CD70+ malignancies with CD70- targeted allogeneic CAR T cells. Significance: Although the role of CAR T cells is well established in hematologic malignancies, the clinical experience in solid tumors has been disappointing. This clinical trial demonstrates the first complete response in a patient with RCC, reinforcing the potential benefit of CAR T cells in the treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta K. Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
| | - Ben Tran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - John B.A.G. Haanen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Adrian Sacher
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Nizar M. Tannir
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Lihua E. Budde
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
| | - Simon J. Harrison
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - Sagar S. Patel
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Luis Meza
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
| | | | - Anna Ma
- CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | | | | | | | - Ellen B. Gurary
- Formerly employed by CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Henia Dar
- CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | | | - Changan Guo
- Formerly employed by CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | | | | | - Phuong K. Morrow
- Formerly employed by CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Division of Medical Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Samer A. Srour
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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7
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Xue H, Chen J, Fan W. Assessing the causal relationship between immune cell traits and depression by Mendelian randomization analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:48-53. [PMID: 38593939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies suggested that immune system disorder is associated with depression. However, the causal association has not been fully elucidated. Thus, we aim to assess the causality of the associations of immune cell profiles with risk of depression through Mendelian randomization analysis. METHODS We extracted genetic variances of immune cell traits from a large publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 3757 participants and depression from a GWAS containing 246,363 cases and 561,190 controls of European ancestry. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was performed as the MR primary analysis. Simultaneously apply MR-Egger and weighted median as supplementary enhancements to the final result. We further performed heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy test to validate the main MR results. RESULTS Five immunophenotypes were identified to be significantly associated with depression risk: CD27 on IgD-CD38dimB cell (OR = 1.019, 95 % CI = 1.010-1.028, P = 1.24 × 10-5), CD45RA-CD4+T cell Absolute Count (OR = 0.974, 95 % CI = 0.962-0.986, P = 3.88 × 10-5), CD40 on CD14-CD16+monocyte (OR = 0.987, 95 % CI = 0.981-0.993, P = 2.1 × 10-4), CD27 on switched memory B cell (OR = 1.015, 95 % CI = 1.006-1.023, P = 2.6 × 10-4), CD27 on IgD-CD38-B cell (OR = 1.017, 95 % CI = 1.008-1.027, P = 3.1 × 10-4). CONCLUSION Our findings shed light on the intricate interaction pattern between the immune system and depression, offering a novel direction for researchers to investigate the underlying biological mechanisms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xue
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Taikang Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiajia Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhui Fan
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Taikang Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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8
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Haugh A, Daud AI. Therapeutic Strategies in BRAF V600 Wild-Type Cutaneous Melanoma. Am J Clin Dermatol 2024; 25:407-419. [PMID: 38329690 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
There have been many recent advances in melanoma therapy. While 50% of melanomas have a BRAF mutation and are a target for BRAF inhibitors, the remaining 50% are BRAF wild-type. Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) and lymphocyte activated gene-3 (Lag-3) are all approved for the treatment of patients with advanced BRAF wild-type melanoma; however, treatment of this patient population following initial immune checkpoint blockade is a current therapeutic challenge given the lack of other efficacious options. Here, we briefly review available US FDA-approved therapies for BRAF wild-type melanoma and focus on developing treatment avenues for this heterogeneous group of patients. We review the basics of genomic features of both BRAF mutant and BRAF wild-type melanoma as well as efforts underway to develop new targeted therapies involving the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway for patients with BRAF wild-type tumors. We then focus on novel immunotherapies, including developing checkpoint inhibitors and agonists, cytokine therapies, oncolytic viruses and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, all of which represent potential therapeutic avenues for patients with BRAF wild-type melanoma who progress on currently approved immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Haugh
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 6809, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adil I Daud
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 6809, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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9
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Reynolds AZ, Niedbalski SD. Sex-biased gene regulation varies across human populations as a result of adaptive evolution. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024; 183:e24888. [PMID: 38100225 PMCID: PMC11279473 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies of human sexual dimorphism and gender disparities in health focus on ostensibly universal molecular sex differences, such as sex chromosomes and circulating hormone levels, while ignoring the extraordinary diversity in biology, behavior, and culture acquired by different human populations over their unique evolutionary histories. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using RNA-Seq data and whole genome sequences from 1000G and HGDP, we investigate variation in sex-biased gene expression across 11 human populations and test whether population-level variation in sex-biased expression may have resulted from adaptive evolution in regions containing sex-specific regulatory variants. RESULTS We find that sex-biased gene expression in humans is highly variable, mostly population-specific, and demonstrates between population reversals. Expression quantitative trait locus mapping reveals sex-specific regulatory regions with evidence of recent positive natural selection, suggesting that variation in sex-biased expression may have evolved as an adaptive response to ancestral environments experienced by human populations. DISCUSSION These results indicate that sex-biased gene expression is more flexible than previously thought and is not generally shared among human populations. Instead, molecular phenotypes associated with sex depend on complex interactions between population-specific molecular evolution and physiological responses to contemporary socioecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Z. Reynolds
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
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10
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Wang X, Luo K, Xu Q, Chi L, Guo Y, Jia C, Quan L. Prognostic marker CD27 and its micro-environmental in multiple myeloma. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:352. [PMID: 38504180 PMCID: PMC10949675 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11945-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Cluster of Differentiation 27 (CD27) is aberrantly expressed in multiple myeloma (MM) -derived. This expression facilitates the interaction between tumor and immune cells within TME via the CD27-CD70 pathway, resulting in immune evasion and subsequent tumor progression. The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between CD27 expression and the prognosis of MM, and to elucidate its potential relationship with the immune microenvironment. METHODS In this research, CD27 expression in T cells within the 82 newly diagnosed MM microenvironment was assessed via flow cytometry. We then examined the association between CD27 expression levels and patient survival. Subsequent a series of bioinformatics and in vitro experiments were conducted to reveal the role of CD27 in MM. RESULTS Clinical evidence suggests that elevated CD27 expression in T cells within the bone marrow serves as a negative prognostic marker for MM survival. Data analysis from the GEO database has demonstrated a strong association between MM-derived CD27 and the immune response, as well as the hematopoietic system. Importantly, patients with elevated levels of CD27 expression were also found to have an increased presence of MDSCs and macrophages in the bone marrow microenvironment. Furthermore, the PERK-ATF4 signaling pathway has been implicated in mediating the effects of CD27 in MM. CONCLUSIONS We revealed that CD27 expression levels serve as an indicative marker for the prognosis of MM patients. The CD27- PERK-ATF4 is a promising target for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Wang
- Hematology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyang Luo
- Hematology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuting Xu
- Hematology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Chi
- Hematology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Guo
- Hematology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuiming Jia
- Hematology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lina Quan
- Hematology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Rakké YS, Buschow SI, IJzermans JNM, Sprengers D. Engaging stimulatory immune checkpoint interactions in the tumour immune microenvironment of primary liver cancers - how to push the gas after having released the brake. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1357333. [PMID: 38440738 PMCID: PMC10910082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1357333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are the first and second most common primary liver cancer (PLC). For decades, systemic therapies consisting of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or chemotherapy have formed the cornerstone of treating advanced-stage HCC and CCA, respectively. More recently, immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has shown anti-tumour reactivity in some patients. The combination regimen of anti-PD-L1 and anti-VEGF antibodies has been approved as new first-line treatment of advanced-stage HCC. Furthermore, gemcibatine plus cisplatin (GEMCIS) with an anti-PD-L1 antibody is awaiting global approval for the treatment of advanced-stage CCA. As effective anti-tumour reactivity using ICI is achieved in a minor subset of both HCC and CCA patients only, alternative immune strategies to sensitise the tumour microenvironment of PLC are waited for. Here we discuss immune checkpoint stimulation (ICS) as additional tool to enhance anti-tumour reactivity. Up-to-date information on the clinical application of ICS in onco-immunology is provided. This review provides a rationale of the application of next-generation ICS either alone or in combination regimen to potentially enhance anti-tumour reactivity in PLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick S. Rakké
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC-Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sonja I. Buschow
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan N. M. IJzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC-Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dave Sprengers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Zhao G, Zhang Y, Xu CF, Wang J. In vivo production of CAR-T cells using virus-mimetic fusogenic nanovesicles. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:354-366. [PMID: 38072706 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Engineered T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) exhibit high response rates in B-cell malignancy treatments and possess therapeutic potentials against various diseases. However, the complicated ex vivo production process of CAR-T cells limits their application. Herein, we use virus-mimetic fusogenic nanovesicles (FuNVs) to produce CAR-T cells in vivo via membrane fusion-mediated CAR protein delivery. Briefly, the FuNVs are modified using T-cell fusogen, adapted from measles virus or reovirus fusogens via displaying anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment. The FuNVs can efficiently fuse with the T-cell membrane in vivo, thereby delivering the loaded anti-CD19 (αCD19) CAR protein onto T-cells to produce αCD19 CAR-T cells. These αCD19 CAR-T cells alone or in combination with anti-OX40 antibodies can treat B-cell lymphoma without inducing cytokine release syndrome. Thus, our strategy provides a novel method for engineering T cells into CAR-T cells in vivo and can further be employed to deliver other therapeutic membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cong-Fei Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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13
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Regmi M, Wang Y, Liu W, Dai Y, Liu S, Ma K, Lin G, Yang J, Liu H, Wu J, Yang C. From glioma gloom to immune bloom: unveiling novel immunotherapeutic paradigms-a review. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:47. [PMID: 38342925 PMCID: PMC10860318 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In tumor therapeutics, the transition from conventional cytotoxic drugs to targeted molecular therapies, such as those targeting receptor tyrosine kinases, has been pivotal. Despite this progress, the clinical outcomes have remained modest, with glioblastoma patients' median survival stagnating at less than 15 months. This underscores the urgent need for more specialized treatment strategies. Our review delves into the progression toward immunomodulation in glioma treatment. We dissect critical discoveries in immunotherapy, such as spotlighting the instrumental role of tumor-associated macrophages, which account for approximately half of the immune cells in the glioma microenvironment, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. The complex interplay between tumor cells and the immune microenvironment has been explored, revealing novel therapeutic targets. The uniqueness of our review is its exhaustive approach, synthesizing current research to elucidate the intricate roles of various molecules and receptors within the glioma microenvironment. This comprehensive synthesis not only maps the current landscape but also provides a blueprint for refining immunotherapy for glioma, signifying a paradigm shift toward leveraging immune mechanisms for improved patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moksada Regmi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science (AIMS), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weihai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuwei Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shikun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guozhong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science (AIMS), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Ophthalmology, Beijing, 100730, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmic Equipment and Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science (AIMS), Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Ophthalmology, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmic Equipment and Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Chenlong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Center for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science (AIMS), Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
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14
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Zhu KL, Su F, Yang JR, Xiao RW, Wu RY, Cao MY, Ling XL, Zhang T. TP53 to mediate immune escape in tumor microenvironment: an overview of the research progress. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:205. [PMID: 38270700 PMCID: PMC10811008 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that key cancer-causing driver genes continue to exert a sustained influence on the tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the importance of immunotherapeutic targeting of gene mutations in governing tumor progression. TP53 is a prominent tumor suppressor that encodes the p53 protein, which controls the initiation and progression of different tumor types. Wild-type p53 maintains cell homeostasis and genomic instability through complex pathways, and mutant p53 (Mut p53) promotes tumor occurrence and development by regulating the TME. To date, it has been wildly considered that TP53 is able to mediate tumor immune escape. Herein, we summarized the relationship between TP53 gene and tumors, discussed the mechanism of Mut p53 mediated tumor immune escape, and summarized the progress of applying p53 protein in immunotherapy. This study will provide a basic basis for further exploration of therapeutic strategies targeting p53 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Li Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Su
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ru Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Wen Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Yue Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yue Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Ling
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Galvez-Cancino F, Simpson AP, Costoya C, Matos I, Qian D, Peggs KS, Litchfield K, Quezada SA. Fcγ receptors and immunomodulatory antibodies in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:51-71. [PMID: 38062252 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of both cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) as negative regulators of antitumour immunity led to the development of numerous immunomodulatory antibodies as cancer treatments. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-based therapies depends not only on their ability to block or engage their targets but also on the antibody's constant region (Fc) and its interactions with Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). Fc-FcγR interactions are essential for the activity of tumour-targeting antibodies, such as rituximab, trastuzumab and cetuximab, where the killing of tumour cells occurs at least in part due to these mechanisms. However, our understanding of these interactions in the context of immunomodulatory antibodies designed to boost antitumour immunity remains less explored. In this Review, we discuss our current understanding of the contribution of FcγRs to the in vivo activity of immunomodulatory antibodies and the challenges of translating results from preclinical models into the clinic. In addition, we review the impact of genetic variability of human FcγRs on the activity of therapeutic antibodies and how antibody engineering is being utilized to develop the next generation of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Galvez-Cancino
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Alexander P Simpson
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Cristobal Costoya
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Ignacio Matos
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Danwen Qian
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Karl S Peggs
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Kevin Litchfield
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
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16
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van Eijck CWF, Strijk G, Vietsch EE, van der Sijde F, Verheij M, Mustafa DAM, Vink M, Aerts JGJV, van Eijck CHJ, Willemsen M. FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy modulates the peripheral immune landscape in pancreatic cancer: Implications for combination therapies and early response prediction. Eur J Cancer 2024; 196:113440. [PMID: 37988843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy has improved outcomes for pancreatic cancer patients, but poor long-term survival outcomes and high toxicity remain challenges. This study investigates the impact of FOLFIRINOX on plasma proteins and peripheral immune cells to guide immune-based combination therapies and, ideally, to identify a potential biomarker to predict early disease progression during FOLFIRINOX. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 86 pancreatic cancer patients before and two weeks after the first FOLFIRINOX cycle and subjected to comprehensive immune cell and proteome profiling. Principal Component Analysis and Linear Mixed Effect Regression models were used for data analysis. FOLFIRINOX efficacy was radiologically evaluated after the fourth cycle. RESULTS One cycle of FOLFIRINOX diminished tumour-cell-related pathways and enhanced pathways related to immune activation, illustrated by an increase in pro-inflammatory IL-18, IL-15, and TNFRSF4. Similarly, FOLFIRINOX promoted the activation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, the proliferation of NK(T), and the activation of antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, high pre-treatment levels of VEGFA and PRDX3 and an elevation in FCRL3 levels after one cycle predicted early progression under FOLFIRINOX. Finally, patients with progressive disease exhibited high levels of inhibitory markers on B cells and CD8 + T cells, while responding patients exhibited high levels of activation markers on CD4 + and CD8 + T cell subsets. CONCLUSION FOLFIRINOX has immunomodulatory effects, providing a foundation for clinical trials exploring immune-based combination therapies that harness the immune system to treat pancreatic cancer. In addition, several plasma proteins hold potential as circulating predictive biomarkers for early prediction of FOLFIRINOX response in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper W F van Eijck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaby Strijk
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline E Vietsch
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fleur van der Sijde
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike Verheij
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dana A M Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Madelief Vink
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joachim G J V Aerts
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Casper H J van Eijck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcella Willemsen
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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17
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Chen C, Wang Z, Qin Y. CRISPR/Cas9 system: recent applications in immuno-oncology and cancer immunotherapy. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:95. [PMID: 37964355 PMCID: PMC10647168 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) is essentially an adaptive immunity weapon in prokaryotes against foreign DNA. This system inspires the development of genome-editing technology in eukaryotes. In biomedicine research, CRISPR has offered a powerful platform to establish tumor-bearing models and screen potential targets in the immuno-oncology field, broadening our insights into cancer genomics. In translational medicine, the versatile CRISPR/Cas9 system exhibits immense potential to break the current limitations of cancer immunotherapy, thereby expanding the feasibility of adoptive cell therapy (ACT) in treating solid tumors. Herein, we first explain the principles of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology and introduce CRISPR as a tool in tumor modeling. We next focus on the CRISPR screening for target discovery that reveals tumorigenesis, immune evasion, and drug resistance mechanisms. Moreover, we discuss the recent breakthroughs of genetically modified ACT using CRISPR/Cas9. Finally, we present potential challenges and perspectives in basic research and clinical translation of CRISPR/Cas9. This review provides a comprehensive overview of CRISPR/Cas9 applications that advance our insights into tumor-immune interaction and lay the foundation to optimize cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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18
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Dadas O, Allen JD, Buchan SL, Kim J, Chan HTC, Mockridge CI, Duriez PJ, Rogel A, Crispin M, Al-Shamkhani A. Fcγ receptor binding is required for maximal immunostimulation by CD70-Fc. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252274. [PMID: 37965342 PMCID: PMC10641686 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction T cell expressed CD27 provides costimulation upon binding to inducible membrane expressed trimeric CD70 and is required for protective CD8 T cell responses. CD27 agonists could therefore be used to bolster cellular vaccines and anti-tumour immune responses. To date, clinical development of CD27 agonists has focussed on anti-CD27 antibodies with little attention given to alternative approaches. Methods Here, we describe the generation and activity of soluble variants of CD70 that form either trimeric (t) or dimer-of-trimer proteins and conduct side-by-side comparisons with an agonist anti-CD27 antibody. To generate a dimer-of-trimer protein (dt), we fused three extracellular domains of CD70 to the Fc domain of mouse IgG1 in a 'string of beads' configuration (dtCD70-Fc). Results Whereas tCD70 failed to costimulate CD8 T cells, both dtCD70-Fc and an agonist anti-CD27 antibody were capable of enhancing T cell proliferation in vitro. Initial studies demonstrated that dtCD70-Fc was less efficacious than anti-CD27 in boosting a CD8 T cell vaccine response in vivo, concomitant with rapid clearance of dtCD70-Fc from the circulation. The accelerated plasma clearance of dtCD70-Fc was not due to the lack of neonatal Fc receptor binding but was dependent on the large population of oligomannose type glycosylation. Enzymatic treatment to reduce the oligomannose-type glycans in dtCD70-Fc improved its half-life and significantly enhanced its T cell stimulatory activity in vivo surpassing that of anti-CD27 antibody. We also show that whereas the ability of the anti-CD27 to boost a vaccine response was abolished in Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)-deficient mice, dtCD70-Fc remained active. By comparing the activity of dtCD70-Fc with a variant (dtCD70-Fc(D265A)) that lacks binding to FcγRs, we unexpectedly found that FcγR binding to dtCD70-Fc was required for maximal boosting of a CD8 T cell response in vivo. Interestingly, both dtCD70-Fc and dtCD70-Fc(D265A) were effective in prolonging the survival of mice harbouring BCL1 B cell lymphoma, demonstrating that a substantial part of the stimulatory activity of dtCD70-Fc in this setting is retained in the absence of FcγR interaction. Discussion These data reveal that TNFRSF ligands can be generated with a tunable activity profile and suggest that this class of immune agonists could have broad applications in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Dadas
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, European University of Lefke, Lefke, Cyprus
| | - Joel D. Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. Buchan
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jinny Kim
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - H. T. Claude Chan
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - C. Ian Mockridge
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J. Duriez
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Rogel
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Aymen Al-Shamkhani
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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19
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Guo L, Liu X, Su X. The role of TEMRA cell-mediated immune senescence in the development and treatment of HIV disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1284293. [PMID: 37901239 PMCID: PMC10602809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has plagued human society for a long time since its discovery, causing a large number of patients to suffer and costing hundreds of millions of medical services every year. Scientists have found that HIV and antiretroviral therapy accelerate immune aging by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and that terminal effector memory T cells (TEMRA cells) are crucial in immune aging. This specific subset of effector memory T cells has terminally differentiated properties and exhibits high cytotoxicity and proinflammatory capacity. We therefore explored and described the interplay between exhaustion features, essential markers, functions, and signaling pathways from previous studies on HIV, antiretroviral therapy, immune senescence, and TEMRA cells. Their remarkable antiviral capacity is then highlighted by elucidating phenotypic changes in TEMRA cells during HIV infection, describing changes in TEMRA cells before, during, and after antiretroviral therapy and other drug treatments. Their critical role in complications and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-HIV superinfection is highlighted. These studies demonstrate that TEMRA cells play a key role in the antiviral response and immune senescence during HIV infection. Finally, we review current therapeutic strategies targeting TEMRA cells that may be clinically beneficial, highlight their potential role in HIV-1 vaccine development, and provide perspectives and predictions for related future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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20
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Banerjee A, Narasimhulu CA, Singla DK. Immune interactions in pembrolizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) cancer therapy and cardiovascular complications. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H751-H767. [PMID: 37594487 PMCID: PMC10659324 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00378.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of immunotherapies like pembrolizumab (PEM) is increasingly common for the management of numerous cancer types. The use of PEM to bolster T-cell response against tumor growth is well documented. However, the interactions PEM has on other immune cells to facilitate tumor regression and clearance is unknown and warrants further investigation. In this review, we present literature findings that have reported the interactions of PEM in stimulating innate and adaptive immune cells, which enhance cytotoxic phenotypes. This triggers secretion of cytokines and chemokines, which have both beneficial and detrimental effects. We also describe how this leads to the development of rare but underreported occurrence of PEM-induced immune-related cardiovascular complications that arise suddenly and progress rapidly to debilitating and fatal consequences. This review encourages further research and investigation of PEM-induced cardiovascular complications and other immune cell interactions in patients with cancer. As PEM therapy in treating cancer types is expanding, we expect that this review will inform health care professionals of diverse specializations of medicine like dermatology (melanoma skin cancers), ophthalmology (eye cancers), and pathology (hematological malignancies) about PEM-induced cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Banerjee
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
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21
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Dal Bello S, Martinuzzi D, Tereshko Y, Veritti D, Sarao V, Gigli GL, Lanzetta P, Valente M. The Present and Future of Optic Pathway Glioma Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:2380. [PMID: 37830595 PMCID: PMC10572241 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) encompass two distinct categories: benign pediatric gliomas, which are characterized by favorable prognosis, and malignant adult gliomas, which are aggressive cancers associated with a poor outcome. Our review aims to explore the established standards of care for both types of tumors, highlight the emerging therapeutic strategies for OPG treatment, and propose potential alternative therapies that, while originally studied in a broader glioma context, may hold promise for OPGs pending further investigation. These potential therapies encompass immunotherapy approaches, molecular-targeted therapy, modulation of the tumor microenvironment, nanotechnologies, magnetic hyperthermia therapy, cyberKnife, cannabinoids, and the ketogenic diet. Restoring visual function is a significant challenge in cases where optic nerve damage has occurred due to the tumor or its therapeutic interventions. Numerous approaches, particularly those involving stem cells, are currently being investigated as potential facilitators of visual recovery in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dal Bello
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Deborah Martinuzzi
- Department of Medicine—Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Yan Tereshko
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Daniele Veritti
- Department of Medicine—Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Sarao
- Department of Medicine—Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Gigli
- Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Lanzetta
- Department of Medicine—Ophthalmology, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Valente
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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22
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You Y, Jin F, Du Y, Zhu L, Liu D, Zhu M, Du Y, Lang J, Li W, Ji JS, Du YZ. A photo-activable nano-agonist for the two-signal model of T cell in vivo activation. J Control Release 2023; 361:681-693. [PMID: 37595667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The two-signal model of T cell activation has helped shape our understanding of the adaptive immune response for over four decades. According to the model, activation of T cells requires a stimulus through the T cell receptor/CD3 complex (signal 1) and a costimulatory signal 2. Stimulation of activatory signals via T cell agonists has thus emerged. However, for a robust T cell activation, it necessitates not only the presence of both signal 1 and signal 2, but also a high signaling strength. Herein, we report a photo-activable nano-agonist for the two-signal model of T cell in vivo activation. A UV-crosslinkable polymer is coated onto upconversion nanoparticles with satisfactory NIR-to-UV light conversion efficiency. Then dual signal molecules, i.e., signal 1 and signal 2, are conjugated to the polymer end to yield the photo-activable T cell nano-agonist. In melanoma and breast cancer models, photo-activable nano-agonist could bind onto corresponding activatory receptors on the surface of T cells, but has limited activity without the application of NIR light (absence of photo-crosslinking of receptors and consequently a poor signaling strength). While when the NIR light is switched on locally, T cells in tumor are remarkably activated and kill tumor cells effectively. Moreover, we do not observe any detectable toxicities related to the photo-activable nano-agonist. We believe with two activatory signals being simultaneously strengthened by local photo-switched crosslinking, T cells realize a robust and selective activation in tumor and, consequently contribute to an enhanced and safe tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Feiyang Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yan Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Luwen Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Di Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Minxia Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yuyin Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jialu Lang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Weishuo Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Radiology, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui 323000, PR China.
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Innovation Center of Transformational Pharmacy, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, PR China.
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23
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Li J, Xiao Z, Wang D, Jia L, Nie S, Zeng X, Hu W. The screening, identification, design and clinical application of tumor-specific neoantigens for TCR-T cells. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:141. [PMID: 37649123 PMCID: PMC10466891 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in neoantigen research have accelerated the development of tumor immunotherapies, including adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), cancer vaccines and antibody-based therapies, particularly for solid tumors. With the development of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics technology, the rapid identification and prediction of tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) has become possible. Compared with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), highly immunogenic TSAs provide new targets for personalized tumor immunotherapy and can be used as prospective indicators for predicting tumor patient survival, prognosis, and immune checkpoint blockade response. Here, the identification and characterization of neoantigens and the clinical application of neoantigen-based TCR-T immunotherapy strategies are summarized, and the current status, inherent challenges, and clinical translational potential of these strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Li
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwen Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jia
- International Health Medicine Innovation Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihong Nie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Cancer Center, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingda Zeng
- Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People's Republic of China
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24
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Grimsholm O. CD27 on human memory B cells-more than just a surface marker. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 213:164-172. [PMID: 36508329 PMCID: PMC10361737 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunological memory protects the human body from re-infection with an earlier recognized pathogen. This memory comprises the durable serum antibody titres provided by long-lived plasma cells and the memory T and B cells with help from other cells. Memory B cells are the main precursor cells for new plasma cells during a secondary infection. Their formation starts very early in life, and they continue to form and undergo refinements throughout our lifetime. While the heterogeneity of the human memory B-cell pool is still poorly understood, specific cellular surface markers define most of the cell subpopulations. CD27 is one of the most commonly used markers to define human memory B cells. In addition, there are molecular markers, such as somatic mutations in the immunoglobulin heavy and light chains and isotype switching to, for example, IgG. Although not every memory B cell undergoes somatic hypermutation or isotype switching, most of them express these molecular traits in adulthood. In this review, I will focus on the most recent knowledge regarding CD27+ human memory B cells in health and disease, and describe how Ig sequencing can be used as a tool to decipher the evolutionary pathways of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Grimsholm
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
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25
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Nisnboym M, Vincze SR, Xiong Z, Sneiderman CT, Raphael RA, Li B, Jaswal AP, Sever RE, Day KE, LaToche JD, Foley LM, Karimi H, Hitchens TK, Agnihotri S, Hu B, Rajasundaram D, Anderson CJ, Blumenthal DT, Pearce TM, Uttam S, Nedrow JR, Panigrahy A, Pollack IF, Lieberman FS, Drappatz J, Raphael I, Edwards WB, Kohanbash G. Immuno-PET Imaging of CD69 Visualizes T-Cell Activation and Predicts Survival Following Immunotherapy in Murine Glioblastoma. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1173-1188. [PMID: 37426447 PMCID: PMC10324623 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Immunotherapy may be promising for the treatment of some patients with GBM; however, there is a need for noninvasive neuroimaging techniques to predict immunotherapeutic responses. The effectiveness of most immunotherapeutic strategies requires T-cell activation. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate an early marker of T-cell activation, CD69, for its use as an imaging biomarker of response to immunotherapy for GBM. Herein, we performed CD69 immunostaining on human and mouse T cells following in vitro activation and post immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in an orthotopic syngeneic mouse glioma model. CD69 expression on tumor-infiltrating leukocytes was assessed using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from patients with recurrent GBM receiving ICI. Radiolabeled CD69 Ab PET/CT imaging (CD69 immuno-PET) was performed on GBM-bearing mice longitudinally to quantify CD69 and its association with survival following immunotherapy. We show CD69 expression is upregulated upon T-cell activation and on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in response to immunotherapy. Similarly, scRNA-seq data demonstrated elevated CD69 on TILs from patients with ICI-treated recurrent GBM as compared with TILs from control cohorts. CD69 immuno-PET studies showed a significantly higher tracer uptake in the tumors of ICI-treated mice compared with controls. Importantly, we observed a positive correlation between survival and CD69 immuno-PET signals in immunotherapy-treated animals and established a trajectory of T-cell activation by virtue of CD69-immuno-PET measurements. Our study supports the potential use of CD69 immuno-PET as an immunotherapy response assessment imaging tool for patients with GBM. Significance Immunotherapy may hold promise for the treatment of some patients with GBM. There is a need to assess therapy responsiveness to allow the continuation of effective treatment in responders and to avoid ineffective treatment with potential adverse effects in the nonresponders. We demonstrate that noninvasive PET/CT imaging of CD69 may allow early detection of immunotherapy responsiveness in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Nisnboym
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarah R. Vincze
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Zujian Xiong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chaim T. Sneiderman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca A. Raphael
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ambika P. Jaswal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - ReidAnn E. Sever
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathryn E. Day
- In Vivo Imaging Facility, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph D. LaToche
- In Vivo Imaging Facility, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lesley M. Foley
- In Vivo Imaging Facility, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hanieh Karimi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - T. Kevin Hitchens
- In Vivo Imaging Facility, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sameer Agnihotri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dhivyaa Rajasundaram
- Division of Health Informatics, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Deborah T. Blumenthal
- Neuro-oncology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Thomas M. Pearce
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shikhar Uttam
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessie R. Nedrow
- In Vivo Imaging Facility, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Radiology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian F. Pollack
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Frank S. Lieberman
- Neuro-oncology Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jan Drappatz
- Neuro-oncology Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Itay Raphael
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wilson B. Edwards
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Gary Kohanbash
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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26
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Nagai H, Azuma M, Sato A, Shibui N, Ogawara S, Tsutsui Y, Suzuki A, Wakaizumi T, Ito A, Matsuyama S, Morita M, Hikosaka Kuniishi M, Ishii N, So T. Fundamental Characterization of Antibody Fusion-Single-Chain TNF Recombinant Proteins Directed against Costimulatory TNF Receptors Expressed by T-Lymphocytes. Cells 2023; 12:1596. [PMID: 37371066 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The costimulatory signal regulated by the members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily expressed by T cells plays essential roles for T cell responses and has emerged as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. However, it is unclear how the difference in TNFR costimulation contributes to T cell responses. In this study, to clarify the functional significance of four different TNFRs, OX40, 4-1BB, CD27 and GITR, we prepared corresponding single-chain TNF ligand proteins (scTNFLs) connected to IgG Fc domain with beneficial characteristics, i.e., Fc-scOX40L, Fc-sc4-1BBL, Fc-scCD27L (CD70) and Fc-scGITRL. Without intentional cross-linking, these soluble Fc-scTNFL proteins bound to corresponding TNFRs induced NF-kB signaling and promoted proliferative and cytokine responses in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with different dose-dependencies in vitro. Mice injected with one of the Fc-scTNFL proteins displayed significantly augmented delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, showing in vivo activity. The results demonstrate that each individual Fc-scTNFL protein provides a critical costimulatory signal and exhibits quantitatively distinct activity toward T cells. Our findings provide important insights into the TNFR costimulation that would be valuable for investigators conducting basic research in cancer immunology and also have implications for T cell-mediated immune regulation by designer TNFL proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hodaka Nagai
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mitsuki Azuma
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Nagito Shibui
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ogawara
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsutsui
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ayano Suzuki
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tomomi Wakaizumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Aya Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shimpei Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masashi Morita
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mari Hikosaka Kuniishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takanori So
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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27
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Han J, Dong L, Wu M, Ma F. Dynamic polarization of tumor-associated macrophages and their interaction with intratumoral T cells in an inflamed tumor microenvironment: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic opportunities. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1160340. [PMID: 37251409 PMCID: PMC10219223 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1160340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has brought a paradigm shift in the treatment of tumors in recent decades. However, a significant proportion of patients remain unresponsive, largely due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play crucial roles in shaping the TME by exhibiting dual identities as both mediators and responders of inflammation. TAMs closely interact with intratumoral T cells, regulating their infiltration, activation, expansion, effector function, and exhaustion through multiple secretory and surface factors. Nevertheless, the heterogeneous and plastic nature of TAMs renders the targeting of any of these factors alone inadequate and poses significant challenges for mechanistic studies and clinical translation of corresponding therapies. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms by which TAMs dynamically polarize to influence intratumoral T cells, with a focus on their interaction with other TME cells and metabolic competition. For each mechanism, we also discuss relevant therapeutic opportunities, including non-specific and targeted approaches in combination with checkpoint inhibitors and cellular therapies. Our ultimate goal is to develop macrophage-centered therapies that can fine-tune tumor inflammation and empower immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Han
- 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Luochu Dong
- 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Center for National Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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28
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Ziogas DC, Theocharopoulos C, Lialios PP, Foteinou D, Koumprentziotis IA, Xynos G, Gogas H. Beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1 Inhibition: Novel Immune Checkpoint Molecules for Melanoma Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2718. [PMID: 37345056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
More than ten years after the approval of ipilimumab, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against PD-1 and CTLA-4 have been established as the most effective treatment for locally advanced or metastatic melanoma, achieving durable responses either as monotherapies or in combinatorial regimens. However, a considerable proportion of patients do not respond or experience early relapse, due to multiple parameters that contribute to melanoma resistance. The expression of other immune checkpoints beyond the PD-1 and CTLA-4 molecules remains a major mechanism of immune evasion. The recent approval of anti-LAG-3 ICI, relatlimab, in combination with nivolumab for metastatic disease, has capitalized on the extensive research in the field and has highlighted the potential for further improvement of melanoma prognosis by synergistically blocking additional immune targets with new ICI-doublets, antibody-drug conjugates, or other novel modalities. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of presently published immune checkpoint molecules, including LAG-3, TIGIT, TIM-3, VISTA, IDO1/IDO2/TDO, CD27/CD70, CD39/73, HVEM/BTLA/CD160 and B7-H3. Beginning from their immunomodulatory properties as co-inhibitory or co-stimulatory receptors, we present all therapeutic modalities targeting these molecules that have been tested in melanoma treatment either in preclinical or clinical settings. Better understanding of the checkpoint-mediated crosstalk between melanoma and immune effector cells is essential for generating more effective strategies with augmented immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios C Ziogas
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Theocharopoulos
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis-Petros Lialios
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Foteinou
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis-Alexios Koumprentziotis
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Xynos
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Lu Y, Li Y, Yu J, Meng S, Bi C, Guan Q, Li L, Qiu L, Qian Z, Zhou S, Gong W, Meng B, Ren X, Armitage J, Zhang H, Fu K, Wang X. OX40 shapes an inflamed tumor immune microenvironment and predicts response to immunochemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Immunol 2023; 251:109637. [PMID: 37150239 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
OX40 enhances the T-cell activation via costimulatory signaling. However, its molecular characteristics and value in predicting response to immunochemotherapy in DLBCL remain largely unexplored. Here, we performed an integrative analysis of sequencing and multiplex immunofluorescence staining, and discovered abnormally higher expression of OX40 in DLBCL patients. Elevated OX40 could activate T cells leading to a higher immune score for tumor immune microenvironment (TiME). OX40 upregulation simultaneously happened with immune-related genes including PD-1, CTLA4 and TIGIT et,al. Patients with high OX40 expression exhibited a lower Ann Arbor stage and IPI score and more easily achieved a complete response/partial response. The analysis of infiltrated T-cell subset revealed that patients with a greater number of CD4+/OX40+ or CD8+/OX40+ T cells had a longer OS. Our findings indicated that OX40 shapes an inflamed tumor immune microenvironment and predicts response to immunochemotherapy, providing insights for the application of OX40 agonist in DLBCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiao Lu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingwei Yu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Shen Meng
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengfeng Bi
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Qingpei Guan
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengzi Qian
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenchen Gong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Immunology/Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - James Armitage
- Section of Oncology & Hematology, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Huilai Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China.
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Xianhuo Wang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China.
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Indini A, Lombardo M, Sidoni A, Gianatti A, Mandalà M, Massi D. Pathology of Immunotherapy-induced Responses in Cutaneous Melanoma: Current Evidences and Future Perspectives. Adv Anat Pathol 2023; 30:218-229. [PMID: 36221225 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated remarkable anti-tumor activity and beneficial effects in patients with early and advanced melanoma. However, ICIs provide clinical benefit only in a minority of patients due to primary and/or acquired resistance mechanisms. Immunotherapy resistance is a complex phenomenon relying on genetic and epigenetic factors, which ultimately influence the interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Information is accumulating on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the production of resistance and the resulting diminished therapeutic efficacy. In addition, current knowledge on predictors of response and toxicity to immunotherapy and on biomarkers that reliably identify resistant patients is in progress. In this review, we will focus on the tumor microenvironment changes induced by ICIs in melanoma, summarizing the available evidence of clinical trials in the neoadjuvant and metastatic setting. We will also overview the role of potential biomarkers in predicting disease response to ICIs, providing insight into current and future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Lombardo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese
| | - Angelo Sidoni
- Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia
| | | | - Mario Mandalà
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - Daniela Massi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Chen Y, Lin X, Zou X, Qian Y, Liu Y, Wang R, Wang X, Yu X, Liu C, Cheng H. A novel immune checkpoint score system for prognostic evaluation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:113. [PMID: 37024802 PMCID: PMC10080823 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remains a lethal malignancy making the detection of novel prognostic biomarkers urgent. Limited studies have investigated the predictive capability of immune checkpoints in PAAD. METHOD Gene expression data and correlative clinical information of PAAD cohort were obtained from public databases, including TCGA, ICGC, GTEX and GEO databases. Risk factors were screened and used to establish a risk score model through LASSO and Cox regression analyses. The prognostic ability of the risk score model was demonstrated. The association between risk score with immune cells infiltration, immune checkpoint genes expression, immunogenic cell death, somatic mutations and signaling pathways enrichment were analysed. scRNA-seq data were collected to confirmed the immune checkpoints expression in PAAD samples. The prognosis prediction ability of OX40/TNFRSF4 was identified. The mRNA and protein expression of OX40 in our clinical specimens were examined by RT-PCR and IHC method and its prognosis ability was verified. RESULTS First of all, the difference of immune microenvironment between pancreatic cancer and adjacent tissues was shown. A risk score system based on three immune checkpoints (OX40, TNFSF14 and KIR3DL1) was established. The risk score model was an independent prognostic factor and performed well regarding overall survival (OS) predictions among PAAD patients. A nomogram was established to facilitate the risk model application in clinical prognosis. Immune cells including naive B cells, CD8+ T cells and Tregs were negatively correlated with the risk score. The risk score was associated with expression of immune checkpoint genes, immunogenic cell death related genes and somatic mutations. Glycolysis processes, IL-2-STAT5, IL-6-STAT3, and mTORC1 signaling pathways were enriched in the high-risk score group. Furthermore, scRNA-seq data confirmed that TNFRSF4, TNFSF14 and KIR3DL1 were expressed on immune cells in PAAD samples. We then identified OX40 as an independent prognosis-related gene, and a higher OX40 expression was associated with increased survival rate and immune environment change. In 84 PAAD clinical specimens collected from our center, we confirmed that higher OX40 mRNA expression levels were related to a good prognosis. The protein expression of OX40 on tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), endothelial cells and tumor cells was verified in PAAD tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings strongly suggested that the three-immune checkpoints score system might be useful in the prognosis and design of personalized treatments for PAAD patients. Finally, we identified OX40 as an independent potential biomarker for PAAD prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yunzhen Qian
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - He Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 DongAn Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Starska-Kowarska K. The Role of Different Immunocompetent Cell Populations in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Cancer-Regulatory Mechanisms of Pro- and Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Impact on Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1642. [PMID: 36980527 PMCID: PMC10046400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous groups of human neoplasms. HNSCC is characterized by high morbidity, accounting for 3% of all cancers, and high mortality with ~1.5% of all cancer deaths. It was the most common cancer worldwide in 2020, according to the latest GLOBOCAN data, representing the seventh most prevalent human malignancy. Despite great advances in surgical techniques and the application of modern combinations and cytotoxic therapies, HNSCC remains a leading cause of death worldwide with a low overall survival rate not exceeding 40-60% of the patient population. The most common causes of death in patients are its frequent nodal metastases and local neoplastic recurrences, as well as the relatively low response to treatment and severe drug resistance. Much evidence suggests that the tumour microenvironment (TME), tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and circulating various subpopulations of immunocompetent cells, such regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs), cytotoxic CD3+CD8+ T cells (CTLs) and CD3+CD4+ T helper type 1/2/9/17 (Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17) lymphocytes, T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and CD56dim/CD16bright activated natural killer cells (NK), carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumour-associated neutrophils (N1/N2 TANs), as well as tumour-associated macrophages (M1/M2 phenotype TAMs) can affect initiation, progression and spread of HNSCC and determine the response to immunotherapy. Rapid advances in the field of immuno-oncology and the constantly growing knowledge of the immunosuppressive mechanisms and effects of tumour cancer have allowed for the use of effective and personalized immunotherapy as a first-line therapeutic procedure or an essential component of a combination therapy for primary, relapsed and metastatic HNSCC. This review presents the latest reports and molecular studies regarding the anti-tumour role of selected subpopulations of immunocompetent cells in the pathogenesis of HNSCC, including HPV+ve (HPV+) and HPV-ve (HPV-) tumours. The article focuses on the crucial regulatory mechanisms of pro- and anti-tumour activity, key genetic or epigenetic changes that favour tumour immune escape, and the strategies that the tumour employs to avoid recognition by immunocompetent cells, as well as resistance mechanisms to T and NK cell-based immunotherapy in HNSCC. The present review also provides an overview of the pre- and clinical early trials (I/II phase) and phase-III clinical trials published in this arena, which highlight the unprecedented effectiveness and limitations of immunotherapy in HNSCC, and the emerging issues facing the field of HNSCC immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska-Kowarska
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; ; Tel.: +48-604-541-412
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, EnelMed Center Expert, Drewnowska 58, 91-001 Lodz, Poland
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Rational combinations of targeted cancer therapies: background, advances and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:213-234. [PMID: 36509911 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00615-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, elucidation of the genetic defects that underlie cancer has resulted in a plethora of novel targeted cancer drugs. Although these agents can initially be highly effective, resistance to single-agent therapies remains a major challenge. Combining drugs can help avoid resistance, but the number of possible drug combinations vastly exceeds what can be tested clinically, both financially and in terms of patient availability. Rational drug combinations based on a deep understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with therapy resistance are potentially powerful in the treatment of cancer. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies and how effective drug combinations can be identified to combat resistance. The challenges in clinically developing these combinations and future perspectives are considered.
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Muthukutty P, Woo HY, Ragothaman M, Yoo SY. Recent Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy Delivery Modalities. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020504. [PMID: 36839825 PMCID: PMC9967630 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is crucial in fighting cancer and achieving successful remission. Many novel strategies have recently developed, but there are still some obstacles to overcome before we can effectively attack the cancer cells and decimate the cancer environment by inducing a cascade of immune responses. To successfully demonstrate antitumor activity, immune cells must be delivered to cancer cells and exposed to the immune system. Such cutting-edge technology necessitates meticulously designed delivery methods with no loss or superior homing onto cancer environments, as well as high therapeutic efficacy and fewer adverse events. In this paper, we discuss recent advances in cancer immunotherapy delivery techniques, as well as their future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniyandi Muthukutty
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Murali Ragothaman
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +82-51-510-3402
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35
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Pan M, Zhao H, Jin R, Leung PSC, Shuai Z. Targeting immune checkpoints in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis: the potential therapeutic targets in the future. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1156212. [PMID: 37090741 PMCID: PMC10115969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1156212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a necrotizing vasculitis mainly involving small blood vessels. It is demonstrated that T cells are important in the pathogenesis of AAV, including regulatory T cells (Treg) and helper T cells (Th), especially Th2, Th17, and follicular Th cells (Tfh). In addition, the exhaustion of T cells predicted the favorable prognosis of AAV. The immune checkpoints (ICs) consist of a group of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules expressed on the surface of T cells, which maintains a balance between the activation and exhaustion of T cells. CD28, inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS), OX40, CD40L, glucocorticoid induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR), and CD137 are the common co-stimulatory molecules, while the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule 4 (CTLA-4), T cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), T-cell Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT), CD200, and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) belong to co-inhibitory molecules. If this balance was disrupted and the activation of T cells was increased, autoimmune diseases (AIDs) might be induced. Even in the treatment of malignant tumors, activation of T cells by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may result in AIDs known as rheumatic immune-related adverse events (Rh-irAEs), suggesting the importance of ICs in AIDs. In this review, we summarized the features of AAV induced by immunotherapy using ICIs in patients with malignant tumors, and then reviewed the biological characteristics of different ICs. Our aim was to explore potential targets in ICs for future treatment of AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruimin Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Patrick S. C. Leung
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zongwen Shuai, ; Patrick S. C. Leung,
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Zongwen Shuai, ; Patrick S. C. Leung,
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36
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Luo Y, Zhang Z, Zheng B, Wu P, Zhang G, Wang L, Zeng Q, Yang Z, Xue L, Zeng H, Tan F, Xue Q, Gao S, Sun N, He J. Comprehensive analyses of N 6 -methyladenosine-related long noncoding RNA profiles with prognosis, chemotherapy response, and immune landscape in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:4289-4299. [PMID: 36047973 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most devastating subtype of lung cancer with no clinically available prognostic biomarkers. N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) and noncoding RNAs play critical roles in cancer development and treatment response. However, little is known about m6 A-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in SCLC. We used 206 limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC) samples from two cohorts to undertake the first and most comprehensive exploration of the m6 A-related lncRNA profile in SCLC and constructed a relevant prognostic signature. In total, 289 m6 A-related lncRNAs were screened out. We then built a seven-lncRNA-based signature in the training cohort with 48 RNA sequencing data using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. The signature was well validated in an independent cohort containing 158 cases with quantitative PCR data. In both cohorts, the signature divided patients into high- and low-risk groups with significantly different survival rates (both p < 0.001). Our signature predicted chemotherapy survival benefit in patients with LS-SCLC. Receiver operating characteristic and C-index analyses indicated that the signature was better at predicting prognosis and chemotherapy benefit than other clinicopathologic features. Moreover, the signature was identified as an independent predictor of prognosis and chemotherapy response in different cohorts. Furthermore, functional analysis showed that multiple activated immune-related pathways were enriched in the low-risk group. Additionally, the signature was also closely related to various immune checkpoints and inflammatory responses. We generated the first clinically available m6 A-related lncRNA signature to predict prognosis and chemotherapy benefit in patients with LS-SCLC. Our findings could help optimize the clinical management of patients with LS-SCLC and inform future therapeutic targets for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejun Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lide Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qingpeng Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zeng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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37
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Ye Q, Guo NL. Hub Genes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Regulatory Networks. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1782. [PMID: 36551208 PMCID: PMC9776006 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently no accurate biomarkers for optimal treatment selection in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Novel therapeutic targets are needed to improve NSCLC survival outcomes. This study systematically evaluated the association between genome-scale regulatory network centralities and NSCLC tumorigenesis, proliferation, and survival in early-stage NSCLC patients. Boolean implication networks were used to construct multimodal networks using patient DNA copy number variation, mRNA, and protein expression profiles. T statistics of differential gene/protein expression in tumors versus non-cancerous adjacent tissues, dependency scores in in vitro CRISPR-Cas9/RNA interference (RNAi) screening of human NSCLC cell lines, and hazard ratios in univariate Cox modeling of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) NSCLC patients were correlated with graph theory centrality metrics. Hub genes in multi-omics networks involving gene/protein expression were associated with oncogenic, proliferative potentials and poor patient survival outcomes (p < 0.05, Pearson's correlation). Immunotherapy targets PD1, PDL1, CTLA4, and CD27 were ranked as top hub genes within the 10th percentile in most constructed multi-omics networks. BUB3, DNM1L, EIF2S1, KPNB1, NMT1, PGAM1, and STRAP were discovered as important hub genes in NSCLC proliferation with oncogenic potential. These results support the importance of hub genes in NSCLC tumorigenesis, proliferation, and prognosis, with implications in prioritizing therapeutic targets to improve patient survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Nancy Lan Guo
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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38
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Franco-Leyva T, Torres OH, Saez Prieto ME, Boera-Carnicero G, Santos Á, Clotet S, Albert-Jares D, El-Ebiary Y, Agustí-Martí M, Casademont J, Juárez C, Martínez-Martínez L. Early differentiated CD28 + CD27 + T lymphocytes as a biomarker for short and long-term outcomes in older patients with pneumonia. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1183-1190. [PMID: 35748037 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ma0422-370r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that a more senescent immune system would predict a worse outcome in older patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP has long been responsible for high rates of mortality and readmissions among older people. Although immunosenescence is a key factor in the increased susceptibility to infections, there are no related biomarkers currently available in clinical practice. In this context, the aim of this prospective study was to identify immunosenescence-related biomarkers to predict outcomes in patients older than 65 years hospitalized for CAP. We evaluated 97 patients admitted to our hospital for CAP in 2019 and 2020. All patients were followed for 1 year. Our findings showed that elevated levels of early differentiated CD28+ CD27+ T cells at admission were associated with better short (2 months) and long-term (1 year) outcomes in terms of mortality and readmissions. Early differentiated CD28+ CD27+ CD4+ T cell counts were even better long-term predictors. In conclusion, early differentiated CD28+ CD27+ T cells could be useful biomarkers to identify high-risk older patients with CAP, helping clinicians with risk stratification and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Franco-Leyva
- Immunology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga H Torres
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Geriatrics Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Encarnación Saez Prieto
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Geriatrics Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Santos
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Geriatrics Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Clotet
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Albert-Jares
- Immunology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yasmin El-Ebiary
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Casademont
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cándido Juárez
- Immunology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Martínez-Martínez
- Immunology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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39
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Tang Z, Wang Q, Chen P, Guo H, Shi J, Pan Y, Li C, Zhou C. Computational recognition of LncRNA signatures in tumor-associated neutrophils could have implications for immunotherapy and prognostic outcome of non-small cell lung cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:1002699. [PMID: 36386809 PMCID: PMC9649922 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1002699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immune function and tumor microenvironment are governed by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Nevertheless, it has yet to be established whether lncRNAs play a role in tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). Here, a computing framework based on machine learning was used to identify neutrophil-specific lncRNA with prognostic significance in squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma using univariate Cox regression to comprehensively analyze immune, lncRNA, and clinical characteristics. The risk score was determined using LASSO Cox regression analysis. Meanwhile, we named this risk score as “TANlncSig.” TANlncSig was able to distinguish between better and worse survival outcomes in various patient datasets independently of other clinical variables. Functional assessment of TANlncSig showed it is a marker of myeloid cell infiltration into tumor infiltration and myeloid cells directly or indirectly inhibit the anti-tumor immune response by secreting cytokines, expressing immunosuppressive receptors, and altering metabolic processes. Our findings highlighted the value of TANlncSig in TME as a marker of immune cell infiltration and showed the values of lncRNAs as indicators of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Tang
- Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peixin Chen
- Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyue Guo
- Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinpeng Shi
- Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Pan
- Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Caicun Zhou, ; Chunyu Li,
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Caicun Zhou, ; Chunyu Li,
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40
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Liu Z, Yang H, Chen Z, Jing C. A novel chromatin regulator-related immune checkpoint related gene prognostic signature and potential candidate drugs for endometrial cancer patients. Hereditas 2022; 159:40. [PMID: 36253800 PMCID: PMC9578220 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-022-00253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries and its prevalence is increasing. As an emerging therapy with a promising efficacy, immunotherapy has been extensively applied in the treatment of solid tumors. In addition, chromatin regulators (CRs), as essential upstream regulators of epigenetics, play a significant role in tumorigenesis and cancer development. Methods CRs and immune checkpoint-related genes (ICRGs) were obtained from the previous top research. The Genome Cancer Atlas (TCGA) was utilized to acquire the mRNA expression and clinical information of patients with EC. Correlation analysis was utilized for screen CRs-related ICRGs (CRRICRGs). By Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, prognosis related CRRICRGs were screened out and risk model was constructed. The Kaplan–Meier curve was used to estimate the prognosis between high- and low-risk group. By comparing the IC50 value, the drugs sensitivity difference was explored. We obtained small molecule drugs for the treatment of UCEC patients based on CAMP dataset. Results We successfully constructed a 9 CRRICRs-based prognostic signature for patients with UCEC and found the riskscore was an independent prognostic factor. The results of functional analysis suggested that CRRICRGs may be involved in immune processes associated with cancer. Immune characteristics analysis provided further evidence that the CRRICRGs-based model was correlated with immune cells infiltration and immune checkpoint. Eight small molecule drugs that may be effective for the treatment of UCEC patients were screened. Effective drugs identified by drug sensitivity profiling in high- and low-risk groups. Conclusion In summary, our study provided novel insights into the function of CRRICRGs in UCEC. We also developed a reliable prognostic panel for the survival of patients with UCEC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41065-022-00253-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zesi Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunli Jing
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China.
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Palazón-Carrión N, Martín García-Sancho A, Nogales-Fernández E, Jiménez-Cortegana C, Carnicero-González F, Ríos-Herranz E, de la Cruz-Vicente F, Rodríguez-García G, Fernández-Álvarez R, Martínez-Banaclocha N, Gumà-Padrò J, Gómez-Codina J, Salar-Silvestre A, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Gálvez-Carvajal L, Labrador J, Guirado-Risueño M, García-Domínguez DJ, Hontecillas-Prieto L, Espejo-García P, Fernández-Román I, Provencio-Pulla M, Sánchez-Beato M, Navarro M, Marylene L, Álvaro-Naranjo T, Casanova-Espinosa M, Sánchez-Margalet V, Rueda-Domínguez A, de la Cruz-Merino L. Lenalidomide plus R-GDP (R2-GDP) in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Final Results of the R2-GDP-GOTEL Trial and Immune Biomarker Subanalysis. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3658-3668. [PMID: 35727601 PMCID: PMC9433956 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE New therapeutic options are needed in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). Lenalidomide-based schedules can reverse rituximab refractoriness in lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the phase II R2-GDP trial, 78 patients unsuitable for autologous stem cell transplant received treatment with the following schedule: lenalidomide 10 mg Days (D)1-14, rituximab 375 mg/m2 D1, cisplatin 60 mg/m2 D1, gemcitabine 750 mg/m2 D1 and D8, and dexamethasone 20 mg D1-3, up to 6 cycles (induction phase), followed by lenalidomide 10 mg (or last lenalidomide dose received) D1-21 every 28 days (maintenance phase). Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety, and monitorization of key circulating immune biomarkers (EU Clinical Trials Register number: EudraCT 2014-001620-29). RESULTS After a median follow-up of 37 months, ORR was 60.2% [37.1% complete responses (CR) and 23.1% partial responses (PR)]. Median OS was 12 months (47 vs. 6 months in CR vs. no CR); median PFS was 9 months (34 vs. 5 months in CR vs. no CR). In the primary refractory population, ORR was 45.5% (21.2% CR and 24.3% PR). Most common grade 3-4 adverse events were thrombocytopenia (60.2%), neutropenia (60.2%), anemia (26.9%), infections (15.3%), and febrile neutropenia (14.1%). Complete responses were associated with a sharp decrease in circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells. CONCLUSIONS R2-GDP schedule is feasible and highly active in R/R DLBCL, including the primary refractory population. Immune biomarkers showed differences in responders versus progressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Palazón-Carrión
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Esteban Nogales-Fernández
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, Medical School, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Josep Gumà-Padrò
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus URV, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - José Gómez-Codina
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Fé, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Insular, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Laura Gálvez-Carvajal
- Department of Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jorge Labrador
- Department of Hematology, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - María Guirado-Risueño
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Daniel J. García-Domínguez
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, Medical School, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, Medical School, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - Pablo Espejo-García
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Mariano Provencio-Pulla
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IDIPHISA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Sánchez-Beato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lymphoma Research Group, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, IDIPHISA, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Navarro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lymphoma Research Group, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, IDIPHISA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lejeune Marylene
- Department of Pathology, Plataforma de Estudios Histológicos, Citológicos y de Digitalización, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, IISPV, URV, Tortosa, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Tomás Álvaro-Naranjo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, Catalan Institute of Health, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tortosa, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Victor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, Medical School, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Rueda-Domínguez
- Department of Hematology/Clinical Oncology, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain.,Corresponding Authors: Luis de la Cruz-Merino, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena and University of Seville, Avenue Doctor Fedriani, 41009 Seville, Spain. Phone: 346-7790-2681; E-mail: ; and Antonio Rueda-Domínguez,
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Corresponding Authors: Luis de la Cruz-Merino, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena and University of Seville, Avenue Doctor Fedriani, 41009 Seville, Spain. Phone: 346-7790-2681; E-mail: ; and Antonio Rueda-Domínguez,
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Guelen L, Fischmann TO, Wong J, Mauze S, Guadagnoli M, Bąbała N, Wagenaars J, Juan V, Rosen D, Prosise W, Habraken M, Lodewijks I, Gu D, Stammen-Vogelzangs J, Yu Y, Baker J, Lutje Hulsik D, Driessen-Engels L, Malashock D, Kreijtz J, Bertens A, de Vries E, Bovens A, Bramer A, Zhang Y, Wnek R, Troth S, Chartash E, Dobrenkov K, Sadekova S, van Elsas A, Cheung JK, Fayadat-Dilman L, Borst J, Beebe AM, Van Eenennaam H. Preclinical characterization and clinical translation of pharmacodynamic markers for MK-5890: a human CD27 activating antibody for cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005049. [PMID: 36100308 PMCID: PMC9472132 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have radically changed cancer therapy, but most patients with cancer are unresponsive or relapse after treatment. MK-5890 is a CD27 agonist antibody intended to complement ICI therapy. CD27 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that plays a critical role in promoting responses of T cells, B cells and NK cells. Methods Anti-CD27 antibodies were generated and selected for agonist activity using NF-кB luciferase reporter assays. Antibodies were humanized and characterized for agonism using in vitro T-cell proliferation assays. The epitope recognized on CD27 by MK-5890 was established by X-ray crystallography. Anti-tumor activity was evaluated in a human CD27 knock-in mouse. Preclinical safety was tested in rhesus monkeys. Pharmacodynamic properties were examined in mouse, rhesus monkeys and a phase 1 dose escalation clinical study in patients with cancer. Results Humanized anti-CD27 antibody MK-5890 (hIgG1) was shown to bind human CD27 on the cell surface with sub-nanomolar potency and to partially block binding to its ligand, CD70. Crystallization studies revealed that MK-5890 binds to a unique epitope in the cysteine-rich domain 1 (CRD1). MK-5890 activated CD27 expressed on 293T NF-κB luciferase reporter cells and, conditional on CD3 stimulation, in purified CD8+ T cells without the requirement of crosslinking. Functional Fc-receptor interaction was required to activate CD8+ T cells in an ex vivo tumor explant system and to induce antitumor efficacy in syngeneic murine subcutaneous tumor models. MK-5890 had monotherapy efficacy in these models and enhanced efficacy of PD-1 blockade. MK-5890 reduced in an isotype-dependent and dose-dependent manner circulating, but not tumor-infiltrating T-cell numbers in these mouse models. In rhesus monkey and human patients, reduction in circulating T cells was transient and less pronounced than in mouse. MK-5890 induced transient elevation of chemokines MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β in the serum of mice, rhesus monkeys and patients with cancer. MK-5890 was well tolerated in rhesus monkeys and systemic exposure to MK-5890 was associated with CD27 occupancy at all doses. Conclusions MK-5890 is a novel CD27 agonistic antibody with the potential to complement the activity of PD-1 checkpoint inhibition in cancer immunotherapy and is currently undergoing clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Guelen
- BioNovion/Aduro Biotech Europe, Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Thierry O Fischmann
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jerelyn Wong
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Smita Mauze
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Nikolina Bąbała
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Veronica Juan
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David Rosen
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Winnie Prosise
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Danling Gu
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Ying Yu
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeanne Baker
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Dan Malashock
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joost Kreijtz
- BioNovion/Aduro Biotech Europe, Oss, The Netherlands
| | | | - Evert de Vries
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid Bovens
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Bramer
- BioNovion/Aduro Biotech Europe, Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Clinical Development, Merck & Co Inc, Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Richard Wnek
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sean Troth
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elliot Chartash
- Clinical Development, Merck & Co Inc, Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Svetlana Sadekova
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Jason K Cheung
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Laurence Fayadat-Dilman
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jannie Borst
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amy M Beebe
- Discovery, Preclinical and Translational Medicine, Merck & Co Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
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43
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Zhang J, Jiang X, Gao H, Zhang F, Zhang X, Zhou A, Xu T, Cai H. Structural Basis of a Novel Agonistic Anti-OX40 Antibody. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091209. [PMID: 36139048 PMCID: PMC9496217 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Agonistic antibodies targeting co-stimulating receptor OX40 on T cells are considered as important as (or complementary to) the immune checkpoint blockers in cancer treatment. However, none of these agonistic antibodies have reached the late stage of clinical development partially due to the lack of intrinsic potency with the correlation between binding epitope and activity of the antibody not well understood. Here, we identified a novel anti-OX40 agonistic antibody DF004, which stimulated the proliferation of human CD4+ T cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in a mouse model. Our crystallography structural studies showed that DF004 binds to the CRD2 region of OX40 while RG7888, an OX40 agonist antibody developed by Roche, binds to CRD3 of OX40 to the diametrically opposite position of DF004. This suggests that the agonistic activities of the antibodies are not necessarily epitope dependent. As their agonistic activities critically depend on clustering or cross-linking, our structural modeling indicates that the agonistic activity requires the optimal positioning of three Fc receptor/antibody/OX40 complexes on the cell membrane to facilitate the formation of one intracellular hexameric TRAF complex for downstream signal transduction, which is relatively inefficient. This may explain the lack of sufficient potency of these OX40 antibodies in a therapeutic setting and sheds light on the development of cross-linking-independent agonistic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoyong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Dingfu Biotarget Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215126, China
| | - Aiwu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (T.X.); (H.C.)
| | - Ting Xu
- Dingfu Biotarget Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215126, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (T.X.); (H.C.)
| | - Haiyan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (T.X.); (H.C.)
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EGFR Inhibition Strongly Modulates the Tumour Immune Microenvironment in EGFR-Driven Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163943. [PMID: 36010935 PMCID: PMC9406398 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer that is driven by mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is currently treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although patients initially respond well to TKI treatment, drug resistance against EGFR-targeted therapy emerges. Attempts to combine immunotherapy with EGFR-targeted treatment to prolong response rates or prevent the development of resistances have been limited due to insufficient knowledge about the effects of targeted therapy on the tumour microenvironment (TME) in EGFR-driven tumours and tumour-infiltrating immune cells. The aims of this study were to improve our understanding on the impact of EGFR inhibition on the immune response in EGFR-driven lung cancer and, furthermore, to gain insights into the impact of combining targeted therapy with immunotherapy on the TME. Abstract EGFR-driven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are currently treated with TKIs targeting EGFR, such as erlotinib or osimertinib. Despite a promising initial response to TKI treatment, most patients gain resistance to oncogene-targeted therapy, and tumours progress. With the development of inhibitors against immune checkpoints, such as PD-1, that mediate an immunosuppressive microenvironment, immunotherapy approaches attempt to restore a proinflammatory immune response in tumours. However, this strategy has shown only limited benefits in EGFR-driven NSCLC. Approaches combining EGFR inhibition with immunotherapy to stimulate the immune response and overcome resistance to therapy have been limited due to insufficient understanding about the effect of EGFR-targeting treatment on the immune cells in the TME. Here, we investigate the impact of EGFR inhibition by erlotinib on the TME and its effect on the antitumour response of the immune cell infiltrate. For this purpose, we used a transgenic conditional mouse model to study the immunological profile in EGFR-driven NSCLC tumours. We found that EGFR inhibition mediated a higher infiltration of immune cells and increased local proliferation of T-cells in the tumours. Moreover, inhibiting EGFR signalling led to increased activation of immune cells in the TME. Most strikingly, combined simultaneous blockade of EGFR and anti-PD-1 (aPD-1) enhanced tumour treatment response in a transgenic mouse model of EGFR-driven NSCLC. Thus, our findings show that EGFR inhibition promotes an active and proinflammatory immune cell infiltrate in the TME while improving response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in EGFR-driven NSCLC.
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Li XY, An HB, Zhang LY, Liu H, Shen YC, Yang XT. Non-negative matrix factorization model-based construction for molecular clustering and prognostic assessment of head and neck squamous carcinoma. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10100. [PMID: 35991972 PMCID: PMC9389204 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed at exploring the efficacy of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) model-based clustering for prognostic assessment of head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods The transcriptome microarray data of HNSCC samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital. R software packages were used to establish NMF clustering, from which relevant prognostic models were developed. Results Based on NMF, samples were allocated into 2 subgroups. Predictive models were constructed using differentially expressed genes between the two subgroups. The high-risk group was associated with poor prognostic outcomes. Moreover, multi-factor Cox regression analysis revealed that the predictive model was an independent prognostic predictor. Conclusion The NMF-based prognostic model has the potential for prognostic assessment of HNSCC.
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BERBER İ, KIRICI BERBER N, SARICI A, GÖZÜKARA BAĞ H, BİÇİM S, TURGUT B, ÇAĞAN F, ERKURT MA, UYSAL A, ULUTAŞ NS, KAYA E, KUKU İ. Identification of lymphocyte subgroups with flow cytometry in COVID-19 patients. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1129894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to determine lymphocyte subgroups and activation status of flow cytometry in COVID-19 patients and examine their relationship with disease stage and length of hospital stay.
Material and Method: Forty patients were analyzed in this study and compared with the age and sex-matched 40 healthy controls. COVID-19 patients have split as early and advanced-stage diseases. Flow cytometry assay was performed to determine the counts of lymphocyte subsets and activation status. Total lymphocyte count was calculated and CD45 (cluster of differentiation), CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD27, CD38, CD56, CD57, and IgD were studied on lymphocyte gate. T helper / T cytotoxic rates and length of hospital stay were recorded.
Results: The patients' CD3(+)CD4(+) ( T helper) count and CD27 expression on T cells counts were significantly lower, and CD57 expression on CD3(+)CD8(+) T cytotoxic cells were significantly higher (p
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emin KAYA
- INONU UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE
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P2 Receptors: Novel Disease Markers and Metabolic Checkpoints in Immune Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070983. [PMID: 35883539 PMCID: PMC9313346 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP (eATP) and P2 receptors are novel emerging regulators of T-lymphocyte responses. Cellular ATP is released via multiple pathways and accumulates at sites of tissue damage and inflammation. P2 receptor expression and function are affected by numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with diverse disease conditions. Stimulation by released nucleotides (purinergic signalling) modulates several T-lymphocyte functions, among which energy metabolism. Energy metabolism, whether oxidative or glycolytic, in turn deeply affects T-cell activation, differentiation and effector responses. Specific P2R subtypes, among which the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), are either up- or down-regulated during T-cell activation and differentiation; thus, they can be considered indexes of activation/quiescence, reporters of T-cell metabolic status and, in principle, markers of immune-mediated disease conditions.
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Rittig SM, Lutz MS, Clar KL, Zhou Y, Kropp KN, Koch A, Hartkopf AD, Hinterleitner M, Zender L, Salih HR, Maurer S, Hinterleitner C. Controversial Role of the Immune Checkpoint OX40L Expression on Platelets in Breast Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917834. [PMID: 35875148 PMCID: PMC9304936 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In conventional T cells, OX40 has been identified as a major costimulating receptor augmenting survival and clonal expansion of effector and memory T cell populations. In regulatory T cells, (Treg) OX40 signaling suppresses cellular activity and differentiation. However, clinical trials investigating OX40 agonists to enhance anti-tumor immunity, showed only limited success so far. Here we show that platelets from breast cancer patients express relevant levels of OX40L and platelet OX40L (pOX40L) inversely correlates with platelet-expressed immune checkpoint molecules GITRL (pGITRL) and TACI (pTACI). While high expression of pOX40L correlates with T and NK cell activation, elevated pOX40L levels identify patients with higher tumor grades, the occurrence of metastases, and shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS). Of note, OX40 mRNA levels in breast cancer correlate with enhanced expression of anti-apoptotic, immune-suppressive, and tumor-promoting mRNA gene signatures. Our data suggest that OX40L on platelets might play counteracting roles in cancer and anti-tumor immunity. Since pOX40L reflects disease relapse better than the routinely used predictive markers CA15-3, CEA, and LDH, it could serve as a novel biomarker for refractory disease in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M. Rittig
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité – Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin and Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité (Junior) (Digital) Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina S. Lutz
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kim L. Clar
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Yanjun Zhou
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Korbinian N. Kropp
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - André Koch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas D. Hartkopf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martina Hinterleitner
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lars Zender
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tuebingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helmut R. Salih
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Maurer
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, and The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Stefanie Maurer,
| | - Clemens Hinterleitner
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies” , University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology (Internal Medicine VIII), University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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Lin L, Hu Y, Guo Z, Chen J, Sun P, Tian H, Chen X. Gene-guided OX40L anchoring to tumor cells for synergetic tumor “self-killing” immunotherapy. Bioact Mater 2022; 25:689-700. [PMID: 37056266 PMCID: PMC10086763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The low objective response rates and severe side effects largely limit the clinical outcomes of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Here, a tumor "self-killing" therapy based on gene-guided OX40L anchoring to tumor cell membrane was reported to boost ICB therapy. We developed a highly efficient delivery system HA/PEI-KT (HKT) to co-deliver the OX40L plasmids and unmethylated CG-enriched oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG). On the one hand, CpG induced the expression of OX40 on T cells within tumors. On the other hand, OX40L plasmids achieved the OX40L anchoring on the tumor cell membrane to next promote T cells responses via OX40/OX40L axis. Such synergistic tumor "self-killing" strategy finally turned "cold" tumors to "hot", to sensitize tumors to programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) blockade therapy, and promoted an immune-mediated tumor regression in both B16F10 and 4T1 tumor models, with prevention of tumor recurrence and metastasis. To avoid the side effects, the gene-guided OX40L anchoring and PD-L1 silencing was proposed to replace the existing antibody therapy, which showed negligible toxicity in vivo. Our work provided a new possibility for tumor "self-killing" immunotherapy to treated various solid tumors.
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Liu S, Tang W, Cao J, Shang M, Sun H, Gong J, Hu B. A Comprehensive Analysis of HAVCR1 as a Prognostic and Diagnostic Marker for Pan-Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:904114. [PMID: 35754803 PMCID: PMC9213751 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.904114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor (HAVCR1) is a type-1 integral membrane glycoprotein that plays a key role in immunity and renal regeneration and is abnormally expressed in various tumor types. Nonetheless, the function of HAVCR1 in pan-cancer remains unknown. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the expression and promoter methylation level of HAVCR1 and assessed the immune cell infiltration, correlation between stromal and immune cell admixture, CD (Cluster of Differentiation) and HAVCR1 expression and prognostic value of HAVCR1 mRNA expression in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Our results showed that HAVCR1 was overexpressed while the promoter methylation of HAVCR1 was decreased in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma and Pancreatic adenocarcinoma. HAVCR1 was associated with increased infiltration of B cells, CD8 cells, macrophages, neutrophils and Dendritic cells in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma and Pancreatic adenocarcinoma. HAVCR1 expression was positively correlated with the immune, stromal and estimate scores of Pancreatic adenocarcinoma and the stromal and estimate scores of Liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, HAVCR1 expression was correlated with other immune molecules such as HHLA2 (Human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2), CD44 and TNFRSF4 (TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 4) in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma and Pancreatic adenocarcinoma. During Kaplan-Meier analysis, high HAVCR1 expression in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma and Pancreatic adenocarcinoma correlated with poor survival. A marginally significant p-value (p = 0.051) was obtained when the relationship between HAVCR1 expression in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma and prognosis was analyzed, attributed to the small sample size. Overall, we provided compelling evidence that HAVCR1 could be a prognostic and diagnostic marker for Liver hepatocellular carcinoma and Pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Shang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengchang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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