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Wang X, Xiao Z, Qin T, Xu Z, Jia Y, Qu S, Li B, Pan L, Gao Q, Jiao M, Gale RP. Combination therapy with venetoclax and azacitidine for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with DDX41 mutations. Hematology 2024; 29:2338509. [PMID: 38597818 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2338509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients with DEAD-box helicase 41 (DDX41) mutations have been reported to be treated effectively with lenalidomide; however, there are no randomized studies to prove it. Venetoclax and azacitidine are safe and effective in high-risk MDS/AML. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of venetoclax and azacitidine combination therapy in eight consecutive MDS patients with DDX41 mutations at our centre from March 2021 to November 2023. We retrospectively analyzed the genetic features and clinical characteristics of these patients. Our findings suggest that MDS patients with DDX41 mutation may benefit from the therapy, for six subjects received this regimen as initial therapy and five of the six subjects achieved complete remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Hematologic Pathology Center, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Qin
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zefeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- Hematologic Pathology Center, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqiang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Pan
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyan Gao
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Jiao
- MDS and MPN Centre, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert Peter Gale
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Haematology Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
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2
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Rönkkö RM, Nevala AO, Pitkäniemi JM, Wartiovaara-Kautto UM, Malila NK. Subsequent malignant neoplasms after primary hematological malignancy in adult patients. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:1007-1013. [PMID: 38664865 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Patients with primary hematological malignancy (HM) are at an elevated risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs), which is a common concern after treatment of primary cancer. We identified 45,533 patients aged ≥20 years and diagnosed with primary HM in Finland from 1992 to 2019 from the Finnish Cancer Registry and estimated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and excess absolute risks per 1000 person-years (EAR) for SMNs. A total of 6076 SMNs were found (4604 solid and 1472 hematological SMNs). The SIRs were higher for hematological SMNs (SIR 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.7-5.2) compared to solid SMNs (SIR 1.5, 95% CI 1.4-1.5). The SIRs for hematological SMNs were highest in the young HM patients aged 20-39 years (SIR 9.2, 95% CI 6.8-12.2 in males and SIR 10.5, 95% CI 7.2-14.7 in females) and decreased by age of first primary HM. However, EARs for hematological SMNs were highest in the older patients, aged 60-79 years at their first primary HM (EAR 5.7/1000 and 4.7/1000 in male and female patients, respectively). In conclusion, the incidence of both hematological and solid SMNs were increased in hematological cancer patients. The relative risk (SIR) was highest among younger HM patients with hematological SMNs. The absolute second cancer burden reflected by high EAR arises from solid malignancies in older patients. Our results accentuate the need for vigilance in the surveillance of HM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Rönkkö
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aapeli O Nevala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne M Pitkäniemi
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulla M Wartiovaara-Kautto
- Department of Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nea K Malila
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
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3
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Bruehl FK, Elbaz Younes I, Bosler DS, Kelemen K, Jiang L, Reichard KK. Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Findings in Treatment-Naive Patients With Cytopenia(s)/Myeloid Neoplasms Harboring Both a Germline and a Somatic DDX41 Mutation. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:371-381. [PMID: 39046192 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
DDX41 -associated cytopenia(s)/myeloid neoplasms ( DDX41 -C/MNs) are an emerging pathologic entity. We examined the hematopathologic findings in DDX41 -C/MNs with both a germline and somatic DDX41 mutation ( DDX41 -C/MNs-GS). We reviewed the peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) findings from treatment-naive patients with DDX41 -C/MNs-GS. Thirty cases were identified: 10% (3/30) were classified as clonal cytopenia(s) of unknown significance (CCUS), 17% (5/30) as myelodysplastic neoplasm/syndrome (MDS) with <5% blasts, 20% (6/30) as MDS with 5% to 9% blasts, 20% (6/30) as MDS with 10% to 19% blasts, and 33% (10/30) as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). All patients were cytopenic; circulating blasts were rare (23%, 7/30). 63% (19/30) showed dysmegakaryopoiesis. Dyserythropoiesis and dysgranulopoiesis were uncommon; seen in 20% (6/30) and 7% (2/30), respectively. Sixty-six percent (19/29) of cases were normocellular; 43% (13/30) showed erythroid predominance. Flow cytometry revealed an unremarkable blast myeloid phenotype. Blasts were intermediate sized with round nuclei, distinct nucleoli, and light blue cytoplasm with azurophilic granules. The karyotype was predominantly normal (93%, 26/28). All germline mutations were deleterious: 53% (16/30) truncating and 47% (14/30) missense. The most common somatic variant was the R525H mutation in 70% (21/30). The BM diagnostic spectrum in DDX41- C/MNs that harbor both a germline and somatic DDX41 mutation is broad-ranging from CCUS to AML. We describe consistent hematopathologic findings that pathologists may expect in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frido K Bruehl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, OhioHealth, Columbus, OH
| | - Ismail Elbaz Younes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology,University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - David S Bosler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Katalin Kelemen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Liuyan Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Kaaren K Reichard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN
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4
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Stewart BL, Helber H, Bannon SA, Deuitch NT, Ferguson M, Fiala E, Hamilton KV, Malcolmson J, Pencheva B, Smith-Simmer K. Risk assessment and genetic counseling for hematologic malignancies-Practice resource of the National Society of Genetic Counselors. J Genet Couns 2024. [PMID: 39189353 DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies (HMs) are a heterogeneous group of cancers impacting individuals of all ages that have been increasingly recognized in association with various germline predisposition syndromes. Given the myriad of malignancy subtypes, expanding differential diagnoses, and unique sample selection requirements, evaluation for hereditary predisposition to HM presents both challenges as well as exciting opportunities in the ever-evolving field of genetic counseling. This practice resource has been developed as a foundational resource for genetic counseling approaches to hereditary HMs and aims to empower genetic counselors who encounter individuals and families with HMs in their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Helber
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Hematology and Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah A Bannon
- National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Natalie T Deuitch
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Elise Fiala
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kayla V Hamilton
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janet Malcolmson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bojana Pencheva
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kelcy Smith-Simmer
- Academic Affairs, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, UW Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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5
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Kusne Y, Badar T, Lasho T, Ferrer A, Mangaonkar AA, Finke C, Marando L, Foran JM, Al-Kali A, Alkhateeb HB, Chlon T, Patnaik MM. Absence of PNH-clones in DDX41mutant-GPS aids in their distinction from acquired BM failure syndromes. Leuk Res 2024; 145:107561. [PMID: 39182344 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2024.107561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kusne
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, AZ, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States.
| | - Talha Badar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Mayo Clinic, FL, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Terra Lasho
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Alejandro Ferrer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Abhishek A Mangaonkar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Christy Finke
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Ludovica Marando
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - James M Foran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Mayo Clinic, FL, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Aref Al-Kali
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Hassan B Alkhateeb
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
| | - Timothy Chlon
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Mrinal M Patnaik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States; Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
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6
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Ma J, Ross SR. Multifunctional role of DEAD-box helicase 41 in innate immunity, hematopoiesis and disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1451705. [PMID: 39185415 PMCID: PMC11341421 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1451705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
DEAD-box helicases are multifunctional proteins participating in many aspects of cellular RNA metabolism. DEAD-box helicase 41 (DDX41) in particular has pivotal roles in innate immune sensing and hematopoietic homeostasis. DDX41 recognizes foreign or self-nucleic acids generated during microbial infection, thereby initiating anti-pathogen responses. DDX41 also binds to RNA (R)-loops, structures consisting of DNA/RNA hybrids and a displaced strand of DNA that occur during transcription, thereby maintaining genome stability by preventing their accumulation. DDX41 deficiency leads to increased R-loop levels, resulting in inflammatory responses that likely influence hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell production and development. Beyond nucleic acid binding, DDX41 associates with proteins involved in RNA splicing as well as cellular proteins involved in innate immunity. DDX41 is also a tumor suppressor in familial and sporadic myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myelogenous leukemia (MDS/AML). In the present review, we summarize the functions of DDX helicases in critical biological processes, particularly focusing on DDX41's association with cellular molecules and the mechanisms underlying its roles in innate immunity, hematopoiesis and the development of myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan R. Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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Stepanchick E, Wilson A, Sulentic AM, Choi K, Hueneman K, Starczynowski DT, Chlon TM. DDX41 haploinsufficiency causes inefficient hematopoiesis under stress and cooperates with p53 mutations to cause hematologic malignancy. Leukemia 2024; 38:1787-1798. [PMID: 38937548 PMCID: PMC11286521 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Germline heterozygous mutations in DDX41 predispose individuals to hematologic malignancies in adulthood. Most of these DDX41 mutations result in a truncated protein, leading to loss of protein function. To investigate the impact of these mutations on hematopoiesis, we generated mice with hematopoietic-specific knockout of one Ddx41 allele. Under normal steady-state conditions, there was minimal effect on lifelong hematopoiesis, resulting in a mild yet persistent reduction in red blood cell counts. However, stress induced by transplantation of the Ddx41+/- BM resulted in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) defects and onset of hematopoietic failure upon aging. Transcriptomic analysis of HSPC subsets from the transplanted BM revealed activation of cellular stress responses, including upregulation of p53 target genes in erythroid progenitors. To understand how the loss of p53 affects the phenotype of Ddx41+/- HSPCs, we generated mice with combined Ddx41 and Trp53 heterozygous deletions. The reduction in p53 expression rescued the fitness defects in HSPC caused by Ddx41 heterozygosity. However, the combined Ddx41 and Trp53 mutant mice were prone to developing hematologic malignancies that resemble human myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. In conclusion, DDX41 heterozygosity causes dysregulation of the response to hematopoietic stress, which increases the risk of transformation with a p53 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Stepanchick
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew Wilson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Analise M Sulentic
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen Hueneman
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel T Starczynowski
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Timothy M Chlon
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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8
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Ronchini C, Gigli F, Fontanini M, Furgi R, Amato V, Giglio F, Gregato G, Bertolini F, Rondoni M, Lanza F, Billio A, Derenzini E, Tarella C, Pelicci P, Alcalay M, Todisco E. Identification of Novel Potential Predisposing Variants in Familial Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2141. [PMID: 39118233 PMCID: PMC11310090 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid neoplasms, including acute myeloid leukemia, have been traditionally among the less investigated cancer types concerning germline predisposition. Indeed, myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition are challenging to identify because often display similar clinical and morphological characteristics of sporadic cases and have similar age at diagnosis. However, a misidentifications of familiarity in myeloid neoplasms have a critical impact on clinical management both for the carriers and their relatives. AIMS We conducted a family segregation study, in order to identify novel cancer predisposing genes in myeloid neoplasms and classify novel identified variants. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a thorough genomic analysis using a large custom gene panel (256 genes), the Myelo-Panel, targeted on cancer predisposing genes. In particular, we assessed both germline and somatic variants in four families, each with two siblings, who developed hematological neoplasms: seven acute myeloid leukemia and one Philadelphia-positive chronic myeloid leukemia. In each family, we identified at least one novel potentially predisposing variant, affecting also genes not included in the current European LeukemiaNet guidelines for AML management. Moreover, we suggest reclassification of two germline variants as pathogenic: likely pathogenic p.S21Tfs*139 in CEPBA and VUS p.K392Afs*66 in DDX41. CONCLUSION We believe that predisposition to hematological neoplasms is still underestimated and particularly difficult to diagnosed. Considering that misidentification of familiarity in myeloid neoplasms have a critical impact on the clinical management both for the carriers and their relatives, our study highlights the importance of revision, in this clinical context, of clinical practices that should include thorough reconstruction of family history and in-depth genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ronchini
- DIMA Laboratory, Department of Experimental OncologyIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Federica Gigli
- Onco‐Hematology DivisionIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Martina Fontanini
- DIMA Laboratory, Department of Experimental OncologyIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Raffaella Furgi
- DIMA Laboratory, Department of Experimental OncologyIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Viviana Amato
- Onco‐Hematology DivisionIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Fabio Giglio
- Onco‐Hematology DivisionIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Giuliana Gregato
- Laboratory of Hematology‐OncologyIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology‐OncologyIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Michela Rondoni
- Hematology Unit and Metropolitan Romagna Transplant NetworkUniversity of BolognaRavennaItaly
| | - Francesco Lanza
- Hematology Unit and Metropolitan Romagna Transplant NetworkUniversity of BolognaRavennaItaly
| | - Atto Billio
- Division of Hematology and Transplant UnitOspedale di BolzanoBolzanoItaly
| | - Enrico Derenzini
- Onco‐Hematology DivisionIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Onco‐Hematology DivisionIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental OncologyIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Oncology and Hemato‐OncologyUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Myriam Alcalay
- Department of Experimental OncologyIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Oncology and Hemato‐OncologyUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Elisabetta Todisco
- Onco‐Hematology DivisionIEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
- Ospedale di Busto ArsizioASST Valle OlonaBusto ArsizioItaly
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9
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Guo X, Jin W, Wen Y, Wang Z, Ren X, Liu Z, Fu R, Cai Z, Li L. Computing cell state discriminates the aberrant hematopoiesis and activated microenvironment in Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) through a single cell genomic study. J Transl Med 2024; 22:673. [PMID: 39033303 PMCID: PMC11265062 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a complicated hematopoietic malignancy characterized by bone marrow (BM) dysplasia with symptoms like anemia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia. MDS exhibits considerable heterogeneity in prognosis, with approximately 30% of patients progressing to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a new and powerful technique to profile disease landscapes. However, the current available scRNA-seq datasets for MDS are only focused on CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. We argue that using entire BM cell for MDS studies probably will be more informative for understanding the pathophysiology of MDS. METHODS Five MDS patients and four healthy donors were enrolled in the study. Unsorted cells from BM aspiration were collected for scRNA-seq analysis to profile overall alteration in hematopoiesis. RESULTS Standard scRNA-seq analysis of unsorted BM cells successfully profiles deficient hematopoiesis in all five MDS patients, with three classified as high-risk and two as low-risk. While no significant increase in mutation burden was observed, high-risk MDS patients exhibited T-cell activation and abnormal myelogenesis at the stages between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMP). Transcriptional factor analysis on the aberrant myelogenesis suggests that the epigenetic regulator chromatin structural protein-encoding gene HMGA1 is highly activated in the high-risk MDS group and moderately activated in the low-risk MDS group. Perturbation of HMGA1 by CellOracle simulated deficient hematopoiesis in mouse Lineage-negative (Lin-) BM cells. Projecting MDS and AML cells on a BM cell reference by our newly developed MarcoPolo pipeline intuitively visualizes a connection for myeloid leukemia development and abnormalities of hematopoietic hierarchy, indicating that it is technically feasible to integrate all diseased bone marrow cells on a common reference map even when the size of the cohort reaches to 1,000 patients or more. CONCLUSION Through scRNA-seq analysis on unsorted cells from BM aspiration samples of MDS patients, this study systematically profiled the development abnormalities in hematopoiesis, heterogeneity of risk, and T-cell microenvironment at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Guo
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyan Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Tianjin, China
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchen Wen
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Tianjin, China
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaotong Ren
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyun Liu
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hematology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Tianjin, China.
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Failure Malignant Hemopoietic Clone Control, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Hematology, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Attardi E, Tiberi L, Mattiuz G, Formicola D, Dirupo E, Raddi MG, Consagra A, Vergani D, Artuso R, Santini V. Prospective genetic germline evaluation in a consecutive group of adult patients aged <60 years with myelodysplastic syndromes. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e112. [PMID: 39015540 PMCID: PMC11250510 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Relevance of germline (GL) predisposition in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) was stressed in both 2022 WHO and International Consensus classifications, but its incidence is probably underestimated, especially in young adult patients. We selected a cohort of 31 consecutive de novo MDS patients with unusual young age (<60 years). We performed exome sequencing (ES) on DNA extracted from noninvasive sources (peripheral blood and saliva), filtering for a panel of 344 genes specifically tailored for detecting GL variants related to clonal and nonclonal cytopenia. We observed at least one high- or low-confidence GL MDS variant in 7/31 (22.6%) and 9/31 (29.0%) of cases, respectively. Four of 31 patients (12.9%) confirmed having established MDS/AML predisposing disorders. We found heterozygous variants in genes involved in DNA repair/cancer predisposition (ATM, ATR, FANCM, PARN, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, MSH2) in 9/31 (29.0%) cases and variants affecting ribosome biogenesis (SBDS), hematopoietic stem cell (GATA2), and megakaryocyte (ANKRD26) differentiation in single cases. Two cases had variants in RBBP6, a gene previously described exclusively in familial myeloproliferative neoplasms. Lastly, four cases had variants in genes related to inherited anemias (CUBN and PIEZO1 genes). Our results showed that "young" MDS patients aged 40-60 years carried reported and unreported GL variants with an unexpectedly high proportion, and these events co-occurred with somatic mutations recurrent in myeloid neoplasms. We explored the "no man's land" of the young adult MDS cases adopting a practical and scalable diagnostic tool, capable to detect GL variants avoiding invasive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Attardi
- MDS Unit, Hematology, AOU Careggi ‐ Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Lucia Tiberi
- Medical Genetics UnitMeyer Children's Hospital IRCCSFlorenceItaly
| | - Giorgio Mattiuz
- MDS Unit, Hematology, AOU Careggi ‐ Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | | | - Elia Dirupo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Marco G. Raddi
- MDS Unit, Hematology, AOU Careggi ‐ Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Angela Consagra
- MDS Unit, Hematology, AOU Careggi ‐ Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Debora Vergani
- Medical Genetics UnitMeyer Children's Hospital IRCCSFlorenceItaly
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Rosangela Artuso
- Medical Genetics UnitMeyer Children's Hospital IRCCSFlorenceItaly
| | - Valeria Santini
- MDS Unit, Hematology, AOU Careggi ‐ Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
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11
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Demko N, Geyer JT. Updates on germline predisposition in pediatric hematologic malignancies: What is the role of flow cytometry? CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2024. [PMID: 38940080 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Hematologic neoplasms with germline predisposition have been increasingly recognized as a distinct category of tumors over the last few years. As such, this category was added to the World Health Organization (WHO) 4th edition as well as maintained in the WHO 5th edition and International Consensus Classification (ICC) 2022 classification systems. In practice, these tumors require a high index of suspicion and confirmation by molecular testing. Flow cytometry is a cost-effective diagnostic tool that is routinely performed on peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. In this review, we sought to summarize the current body of research correlating flow cytometric immunophenotype to assess its utility in diagnosis of and clinical decision making in germline hematologic neoplasms. We also illustrate these findings using cases mostly from our own institution. We review some of the more commonly mutated genes, including CEBPA, DDX41, RUNX1, ANKRD26, GATA2, Fanconi anemia, Noonan syndrome, and Down syndrome. We highlight that flow cytometry may have a role in the diagnosis (GATA2, Down syndrome) and screening (CEBPA) of some germline predisposition syndromes, although appears to show nonspecific findings in others (DDX41, RUNX1). In many of the others, such as ANKRD26, Fanconi anemia, and Noonan syndrome, further studies are needed to better understand whether specific flow cytometric patterns are observed. Ultimately, we conclude that further studies such as large case series and organized data pipelines are needed in most germline settings to better understand the flow cytometric immunophenotype of these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Demko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia T Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Hwang WC, Park K, Park S, Cheon NY, Lee JY, Hwang T, Lee S, Lee JM, Ju MK, Lee JR, Kwon YR, Jo WL, Kim M, Kim YJ, Kim H. Impaired binding affinity of YTHDC1 with METTL3/METTL14 results in R-loop accumulation in myelodysplastic neoplasms with DDX41 mutation. Leukemia 2024; 38:1353-1364. [PMID: 38514771 PMCID: PMC11147762 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
DEAD box helicase 41 (DDX41) mutations are the most prevalent predisposition to familial myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). However, the precise roles of these variants in the pathogenesis of MDS have yet to be elucidated. Here, we discovered a novel mechanism by which DDX41 contributes to R-loop-induced DNA damage responses (DDR) in cooperation with the m6A-METTL complex (MAC) and YTHDC1 using DDX41 knockout (KO) and DDX41 knock-in (KI, R525H, Y259C) cell lines as well as primary samples from MDS patients. Compared to wild type (WT), DDX41 KO and KI led to increased levels of m6A RNA methylated R-loop. Interestingly, we found that DDX41 regulates m6A/R-loop levels by interacting with MAC components. Further, DDX41 promoted the recruitment of YTHDC1 to R-loops by promoting the binding between METTL3 and YTHDC1, which was dysregulated in DDX41-deficient cells, contributing to genomic instability. Collectively, we demonstrated that DDX41 plays a key role in the physiological control of R-loops in cooperation with MAC and YTHDC1. These findings provide novel insights into how defects in DDX41 influence MDS pathogenesis and suggest potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Chan Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Kibeom Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Silvia Park
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Leukemia Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Na Young Cheon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Ja Yil Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Taejoo Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Semin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jong-Mi Lee
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Ju
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Joo Rak Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Yong-Rim Kwon
- Leukemia Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Lam Jo
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Yoo-Jin Kim
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- Leukemia Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hongtae Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea.
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13
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Kongkiatkamon S, Niparuck P, Rattanathammethee T, Kobbuaklee S, Suksusut A, Wudhikarn K, Ittiwut C, Chetruengchai W, Chuncharunee S, Bunworasate U, Suphapeetiporn K, Rojnuckarin P, Polprasert C. Prevalence and clinical outcomes of germline variants among patients with myeloid neoplasms. J Clin Pathol 2024:jcp-2023-209264. [PMID: 38777570 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Myeloid neoplasms (MNs) with germline predisposition have been recognised as a distinct entity. Emerging evidence suggests that sporadic myelodysplastic syndromes may also harbour undetected germline predispositions. We investigated germline alterations in a cohort of 122 adult Thai MNs. METHODS MN patients were recruited and tested for germline variants using deep targeted next-generation sequencing. The germline variant was filtered using American College of Medical Genetics classifications and then evaluated for the association with clinical characteristics and outcomes. RESULTS Our findings revealed pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline alterations in 12 (10%) of the patients. These germline lesions were commonly found in the DNA damage response pathway (n=6, 50%). We also identified novel deleterious FANCA A1219GfsTer59 variants in two patients diagnosed with secondary acute myeloid leukaemia (sAML) from aplastic anaemia and AML with myelodysplasia related. Among sAML, individuals with germline mutations had inferior overall survival compared with those with wild-type alleles (2 months vs 12 months) with HR 4.7 (95% CI 1.0 to 20), p=0.037. Therefore, the presence of pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations may be linked to inferior survival outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted that the prevalence of germline predisposition in Southeast Asian populations is comparable to that in Caucasians. This underscores the importance of germline genetic testing within the Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunisa Kongkiatkamon
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pimjai Niparuck
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sirorat Kobbuaklee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amornchai Suksusut
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kitsada Wudhikarn
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chupong Ittiwut
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics,Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanna Chetruengchai
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics,Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suporn Chuncharunee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Udomsak Bunworasate
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanya Suphapeetiporn
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics,Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ponlapat Rojnuckarin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chantana Polprasert
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Translational Hematology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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14
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Szelest M, Giannopoulos K. Biological relevance of alternative splicing in hematologic malignancies. Mol Med 2024; 30:62. [PMID: 38760666 PMCID: PMC11100220 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is a strictly regulated process that generates multiple mRNA variants from a single gene, thus contributing to proteome diversity. Transcriptome-wide sequencing studies revealed networks of functionally coordinated splicing events, which produce isoforms with distinct or even opposing functions. To date, several mechanisms of AS are deregulated in leukemic cells, mainly due to mutations in splicing and/or epigenetic regulators and altered expression of splicing factors (SFs). In this review, we discuss aberrant splicing events induced by mutations affecting SFs (SF3B1, U2AF1, SRSR2, and ZRSR2), spliceosome components (PRPF8, LUC7L2, DDX41, and HNRNPH1), and epigenetic modulators (IDH1 and IDH2). Finally, we provide an extensive overview of the biological relevance of aberrant isoforms of genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis (e. g. BCL-X, MCL-1, FAS, and c-FLIP), activation of key cellular signaling pathways (CASP8, MAP3K7, and NOTCH2), and cell metabolism (PKM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szelest
- Department of Experimental Hematooncology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Giannopoulos
- Department of Experimental Hematooncology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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15
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Yang X, Liu J, Liu W, Wu H, Wei Y, Guo X, Jia H, Can C, Wang D, Hu X, Ma D. circFAM193B interaction with PRMT6 regulates AML leukemia stem cells chemoresistance through altering the oxidative metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Leukemia 2024; 38:1057-1071. [PMID: 38424136 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Most forms of chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are often ineffective in eliminating leukemic stem cells (LSCs), as their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we have identified circFAM193B, which regulates the redox biology of LSCs and is associated with unfavorable outcomes in AML patients. In vitro and in vivo assays suggested that circFAM193B significantly inhibits LSCs chemotherapy resistance and AML progression. Knockdown circFAM193B enhances mitochondrial OXPHOS function and inhibits the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation mediated by chemotherapy, which protects AML cells from oxidative stress-induced cell death. Mechanistically, circFAM193B physically interacts with arginine methyltransferase PRMT6 catalytic domain and enhances the transcription efficiency of key lipid peroxidation factor ALOX15 by decreasing H3R2me2a modification. In summary, we have identified circFAM193B was downregulated in LSCs to promote the survival of LSC by modulating energy metabolism and the redox balance in the postchemotherapy persistence of LSC. Our studies provide a conceptual advance and biological insights regarding the drug resistance of LSCs via circRNA mediated PRMT6-deposited methylarginine signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Mice
- Animals
- Lipid Peroxidation
- Oxidative Stress
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Jinting Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Wancheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Hanyang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Yihong Wei
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Hexiao Jia
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Can Can
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
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16
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Matsui H, Hirata M. Evaluation of the pathogenic potential of germline DDX41 variants in hematopoietic neoplasms using the ACMG/AMP guidelines. Int J Hematol 2024; 119:552-563. [PMID: 38492200 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Clinical use of gene panel testing for hematopoietic neoplasms in areas, such as diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and exploration of treatment options, has increased in recent years. The keys to interpreting gene variants detected in gene panel testing are to distinguish between germline and somatic variants and accurately determine whether the detected variants are pathogenic. If a variant is suspected to be a pathogenic germline variant, it is essential to confirm its consistency with the disease phenotype and gather a thorough family history. Donor eligibility must also be considered, especially if the patient's variant is also detected in the expected donor for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, determining the pathogenicity of gene variants is often complicated, given the current limited availability of databases covering germline variants of hematopoietic neoplasms. This means that hematologists will frequently need to interpret gene variants themselves. Here, we outline how to assess the pathogenicity of germline variants according to criteria from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology standards and guidelines for the interpretation of variants using DDX41, a gene recently shown to be closely associated with myeloid neoplasms with a germline predisposition, as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
- Department of Medical Oncology and Translational Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Rørvik SD, Torkildsen S, Bruserud Ø, Tvedt THA. Acute myeloid leukemia with rare recurring translocations-an overview of the entities included in the international consensus classification. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:1103-1119. [PMID: 38443661 PMCID: PMC10940453 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05680-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Two different systems exist for subclassification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) of myeloid malignancies. The two systems differ in their classification of AML defined by recurrent chromosomal abnormalities. One difference is that the ICC classification defines an AML subset that includes 12 different genetic abnormalities that occur in less than 4% of AML patients. These subtypes exhibit distinct clinical traits and are associated with treatment outcomes, but detailed description of these entities is not easily available and is not described in detail even in the ICC. We searched in the PubMed database to identify scientific publications describing AML patients with the recurrent chromosomal abnormalities/translocations included in this ICC defined patient subset. This patient subset includes AML with t(1;3)(p36.3;q21.3), t(3;5)(q25.3;q35.1), t(8;16)(p11.2;p13.3), t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.1), t(5;11)(q35.2;p15.4), t(11;12)(p15.4;p13.3) (involving NUP98), translocation involving NUP98 and other partner, t(7;12)(q36.3;p13.2), t(10;11)(p12.3;q14.2), t(16;21)(p11.2;q22.2), inv(16)(p13.3q24.3) and t(16;21)(q24.3;q22.1). In this updated review we describe the available information with regard to frequency, biological functions of the involved genes and the fusion proteins, morphology/immunophenotype, required diagnostic procedures, clinical characteristics (including age distribution) and prognostic impact for each of these 12 genetic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synne D Rørvik
- Department of Cardiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Synne Torkildsen
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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18
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Zhao Y, Zhou Y, Qian Y, Wei W, Lin X, Mao S, Sun J, Jin J. m 6A-dependent upregulation of DDX21 by super-enhancer-driven IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 facilitates progression of acute myeloid leukaemia. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1628. [PMID: 38572589 PMCID: PMC10993053 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a haematological malignancy with unfavourable prognosis. Despite the effectiveness of chemotherapy and targeted therapy, relapse or drug resistance remains a major threat to AML patients. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation and super-enhancers (SEs) are extensively involved in the leukaemogenesis of AML. However, the potential relationship between m6A and SEs in AML has not been elaborated. METHODS Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort were analysed to search SE-related genes. The mechanisms of m6 A-binding proteins IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 on DDX21 were explored via methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays and luciferase reporter assays. Then we elucidated the roles of DDX21 in AML through functional assays in vitro and in vivo. Finally, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays, RNA sequencing and ChIP assays were performed to investigate the downstream mechanisms of DDX21. RESULTS We identified two SE-associated transcripts IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 in AML. High enrichment of H3K27ac, H3K4me1 and BRD4 was observed in IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3, whose expression were driven by SE machinery. Then IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 enhanced the stability of DDX21 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner. DDX21 was highly expressed in AML patients, which indicated a poor survival. Functionally, knockdown of DDX21 inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and led to cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, DDX21 recruited transcription factor YBX1 to cooperatively trigger ULK1 expression. Moreover, silencing of ULK1 could reverse the promoting effects of DDX21 overexpression in AML cells. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulation of SE-IGF2BP2/IGF2BP3-DDX21 axis facilitated the progression of AML. Our findings provide new insights into the link between SEs and m6A modification, elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 on DDX21, and reveal the underlying roles of DDX21 in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Zhao
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yutong Zhou
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Wenwen Wei
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiangjie Lin
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shihui Mao
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongChina
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19
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Sébert M, Freiman L, Chaffaut C, Guerci A, Peterlin P, Thépot S, Beyne-Rauzy O, Park S, Cluzeau T, Chermat F, Fenaux P, Preudhomme C, Clappier E, Chevret S, Adès L, Duployez N, Duchmann M. Clinical impact of genetic alterations including germline DDX41 mutations in MDS/low-blast count AML patients treated with azacitidine-based regimens. Leukemia 2024; 38:918-922. [PMID: 38368440 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sébert
- Université de Paris, Unité 944/7212-GenCellDi, INSERM and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France.
- Hematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France.
| | - Lucie Freiman
- Hematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Cendrine Chaffaut
- Biostatistics Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Guerci
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, CHU Brabois Vandoeuvre, Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Peterlin
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Sylvain Thépot
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Odile Beyne-Rauzy
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, CHU de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Park
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Cluzeau
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | | | - Pierre Fenaux
- Université de Paris, Unité 944/7212-GenCellDi, INSERM and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
- Hematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- Hematology Laboratory, Unité 1277-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies (CANTHER), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, University of Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Clappier
- Université de Paris, Unité 944/7212-GenCellDi, INSERM and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
- Hematology Laboratory, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Chevret
- Biostatistics Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Adès
- Université de Paris, Unité 944/7212-GenCellDi, INSERM and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
- Hematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Duployez
- Université de Paris, Unité 944/7212-GenCellDi, INSERM and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
- Hematology Laboratory, Unité 1277-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies (CANTHER), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, University of Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lille, France
- Hematology Laboratory, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Duchmann
- Université de Paris, Unité 944/7212-GenCellDi, INSERM and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France.
- Hematology Laboratory, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
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20
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Kligfeld H, Han I, Abraham A, Shukla V. Alternative DNA structures in hematopoiesis and adaptive immunity. Adv Immunol 2024; 161:109-126. [PMID: 38763699 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Besides the canonical B-form, DNA also adopts alternative non-B form conformations which are highly conserved in all domains of life. While extensive research over decades has centered on the genomic functions of B-form DNA, understanding how non-B-form conformations influence functional genomic states remains a fundamental and open question. Recent studies have ascribed alternative DNA conformations such as G-quadruplexes and R-loops as important functional features in eukaryotic genomes. This review delves into the biological importance of alternative DNA structures, with a specific focus on hematopoiesis and adaptive immunity. We discuss the emerging roles of G-quadruplex and R-loop structures, the two most well-studied alternative DNA conformations, in the hematopoietic compartment and present evidence for their functional roles in normal cellular physiology and associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kligfeld
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Isabella Han
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ajay Abraham
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Vipul Shukla
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
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21
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Jerez J, Santiago M. Unraveling germline predisposition in hematological neoplasms: Navigating complexity in the genomic era. Blood Rev 2024; 64:101143. [PMID: 37989620 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Genomic advancements have yielded pivotal insights into hematological neoplasms, particularly concerning germline predisposition mutations. Following the WHO 2016 revisions, dedicated segments were proposed to address these aspects. Current WHO 2022, ICC 2022, and ELN 2022 classifications recognize their significance, introducing more mutations and prompting integration into clinical practice. Approximately 5-10% of hematological neoplasm patients show germline predisposition gene mutations, rising with risk factors such as personal cancer history and familial antecedents, even in older adults. Nevertheless, technical challenges persist. Optimal DNA samples are skin fibroblast-extracted, although not universally applicable. Alternatives such as hair follicle use are explored. Moreover, the scrutiny of germline genomics mandates judicious test selection to ensure precise and accurate interpretation. Given the significant influence of genetic counseling on patient care and post-assessment procedures, there arises a demand for dedicated centers offering specialized services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Jerez
- Hematology Department, Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Chile; Resident of Hematology, Universidad de los Andes, Chile.
| | - Marta Santiago
- Hematology Department, Hospital La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Hematology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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22
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Vu GT, Awad V, Norberto MF, Bowman TV, Trompouki E. Nucleic acid-induced inflammation on hematopoietic stem cells. Exp Hematol 2024; 131:104148. [PMID: 38151171 PMCID: PMC11061806 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.104148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis, the process of generating blood cells, starts during development with the primitive, pro-definitive, and definitive hematopoietic waves. The first two waves will generate erythrocytes and myeloid cells, although the definitive wave will give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that are multipotent and can produce most of the blood cells in an adult. Although HSCs are highly proliferative during development, during adulthood they remain quiescent in the bone marrow. Inflammatory signaling in the form of interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factors, and others is well-established to influence both developmental and adult hematopoiesis. Here we discuss the role of specific inflammatory pathways that are induced by sensing nucleic acids. We discuss the role of RNA-sensing members of the Toll-like, Rig-I-like, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like, and AIM2-like protein kinase receptors and the DNA-sensing receptors, DEAD-Box helicase 41 (DDX41) and cGAS. The main downstream pathways of these receptors are discussed, as well as their influence on developmental and adult hematopoiesis, including hematopoietic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang To Vu
- IRCAN Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, INSERM Unité 1081, CNRS UMR 7284, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Valerie Awad
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology and Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Bronx, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY
| | - Maria Feliz Norberto
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology and Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Bronx, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY
| | - Teresa V Bowman
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology and Gottesman Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Bronx, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY; Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
| | - Eirini Trompouki
- IRCAN Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, INSERM Unité 1081, CNRS UMR 7284, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
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23
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Winstone L, Jung Y, Wu Y. DDX41: exploring the roles of a versatile helicase. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:395-405. [PMID: 38348889 PMCID: PMC10903454 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
DDX41 is a DEAD-box helicase and is conserved across species. Mutations in DDX41 have been associated with myeloid neoplasms, including myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. Though its pathogenesis is not completely known, DDX41 has been shown to have many cellular roles, including in pre-mRNA splicing, innate immune sensing, ribosome biogenesis, translational regulation, and R-loop metabolism. In this review, we will summarize the latest understandings regarding the various roles of DDX41, as well as highlight challenges associated with drug development to target DDX41. Overall, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of DDX41 could help develop novel therapeutic options for DDX41 mutation-related hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey Winstone
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Yohan Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Yuliang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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24
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Wachter F, Pikman Y. Pathophysiology of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Acta Haematol 2024; 147:229-246. [PMID: 38228114 DOI: 10.1159/000536152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a biologically heterogenous disease arising in clonally proliferating hematopoietic stem cells. Sequential acquisition of mutations leads to expanded proliferation of clonal myeloid progenitors and failure of differentiation, leading to fulminant AML. SUMMARY Here, we review the pathophysiology of AML with a focus on factors predisposing to AML development, including prior chemo- and radiation therapy, environmental factors, and germline predisposition. KEY MESSAGE Increasing genomic characterization of AML and insight into mechanisms of its development will be critical to improvement in AML prognostication and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Wachter
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yana Pikman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Arai H, Matsui H, Chi S, Utsu Y, Masuda S, Aotsuka N, Minami Y. Germline Variants and Characteristic Features of Hereditary Hematological Malignancy Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:652. [PMID: 38203823 PMCID: PMC10779750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the proliferation of genetic testing, pathogenic germline variants predisposing to hereditary hematological malignancy syndrome (HHMS) have been identified in an increasing number of genes. Consequently, the field of HHMS is gaining recognition among clinicians and scientists worldwide. Patients with germline genetic abnormalities often have poor outcomes and are candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, HSCT using blood from a related donor should be carefully considered because of the risk that the patient may inherit a pathogenic variant. At present, we now face the challenge of incorporating these advances into clinical practice for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and optimizing the management and surveillance of patients and asymptomatic carriers, with the limitation that evidence-based guidelines are often inadequate. The 2016 revision of the WHO classification added a new section on myeloid malignant neoplasms, including MDS and AML with germline predisposition. The main syndromes can be classified into three groups. Those without pre-existing disease or organ dysfunction; DDX41, TP53, CEBPA, those with pre-existing platelet disorders; ANKRD26, ETV6, RUNX1, and those with other organ dysfunctions; SAMD9/SAMD9L, GATA2, and inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. In this review, we will outline the role of the genes involved in HHMS in order to clarify our understanding of HHMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Arai
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan; (H.A.); (S.C.)
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tsukiji, Chuoku 104-0045, Japan;
- Department of Medical Oncology and Translational Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8665, Japan
| | - SungGi Chi
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan; (H.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Yoshikazu Utsu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Shinichi Masuda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Nobuyuki Aotsuka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iidacho, Narita 286-0041, Japan; (Y.U.); (S.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Yosuke Minami
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan; (H.A.); (S.C.)
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26
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Kusne Y, Lasho T, Finke C, Patnaik MM, Badar T. VEXAS syndrome in a patient with DDX41 germline predisposition syndrome. Leuk Res 2024; 136:107432. [PMID: 38159331 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kusne
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Terra Lasho
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christy Finke
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mrinal M Patnaik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Talha Badar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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27
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Hasserjian RP, Germing U, Malcovati L. Diagnosis and classification of myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 2023; 142:2247-2257. [PMID: 37774372 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are neoplastic myeloid proliferations characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis resulting in peripheral blood cytopenias. MDS is distinguished from nonneoplastic clonal myeloid proliferations by the presence of morphologic dysplasia and from acute myeloid leukemia by a blast threshold of 20%. The diagnosis of MDS can be challenging because of the myriad other causes of cytopenias: accurate diagnosis requires the integration of clinical features with bone marrow and peripheral blood morphology, immunophenotyping, and genetic testing. MDS has historically been subdivided into several subtypes by classification schemes, the most recent of which are the International Consensus Classification and World Health Organization Classification (fifth edition), both published in 2022. The aim of MDS classification is to identify entities with shared genetic underpinnings and molecular pathogenesis, and the specific subtype can inform clinical decision-making alongside prognostic risk categorization. The current MDS classification schemes incorporate morphologic features (bone marrow and blood blast percentage, degree of dysplasia, ring sideroblasts, bone marrow fibrosis, and bone marrow hypocellularity) and also recognize 3 entities defined by genetics: isolated del(5q) cytogenetic abnormality, SF3B1 mutation, and TP53 mutation. It is anticipated that with advancing understanding of the genetic basis of MDS pathogenesis, future MDS classification will be based increasingly on genetic classes. Nevertheless, morphologic features in MDS reflect the phenotypic expression of the underlying abnormal genetic pathways and will undoubtedly retain importance to inform prognosis and guide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Luca Malcovati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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28
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Wagner JN, Al-Bazaz M, Forstreuter A, Hammada MI, Hille J, Papingi D, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W. Case Report of a DDX41 Germline Mutation in a Family with Multiple Relatives Suffering from Leukemia. Biomedicines 2023; 12:64. [PMID: 38255170 PMCID: PMC10813731 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previously, it was assumed that genetic influence played a minor role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Increasing evidence of germline mutations has emerged, such as DDX41 germline mutation associated with familial AML. CASE PRESENTATION A 64-year-old male patient presented with reduced exercise tolerance and shortness of breath. Following confirmation of AML diagnosis, the patient was enrolled into the AMLSG-30-18 study with a requirement for allogenic stem cell transplantation. The sister was initially selected as a fully HLA-matched donor. However, the family history showed risks for familial AML. Due to the striking family history, further diagnostic steps were initiated to detect a germline mutation. METHODS Using NGS in the patients' bone marrow AML sample, a DDX41 mutation with a VAF of 49% was detected, raising the possibility of a germline mutation. DNA from cheek swabs and eyebrows were tested for the presence of the DDX41 mutation in all siblings. RESULTS DDX41 germline mutation was detected in 5 out of 6 siblings. The sister was excluded as a related donor and the search for an unrelated donor was initiated. CONCLUSION Obtaining family history of cancer patients plays a crucial role in oncology. If a germline mutation is suspected, further family work-up should be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Nicolai Wagner
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (M.A.-B.); (A.F.); (M.I.H.); (J.H.); (C.B.)
| | - Maximilian Al-Bazaz
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (M.A.-B.); (A.F.); (M.I.H.); (J.H.); (C.B.)
| | - Anika Forstreuter
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (M.A.-B.); (A.F.); (M.I.H.); (J.H.); (C.B.)
| | - Mohammad Ibrahim Hammada
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (M.A.-B.); (A.F.); (M.I.H.); (J.H.); (C.B.)
| | - Jurek Hille
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (M.A.-B.); (A.F.); (M.I.H.); (J.H.); (C.B.)
| | - Dzhoy Papingi
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (M.A.-B.); (A.F.); (M.I.H.); (J.H.); (C.B.)
| | - Walter Fiedler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Division of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (M.A.-B.); (A.F.); (M.I.H.); (J.H.); (C.B.)
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29
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Kim HY, Yoo KH, Jung CW, Kim HJ, Kim SH. Genetic Characteristics of Patients with Young-Onset Myelodysplastic Neoplasms. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7651. [PMID: 38137719 PMCID: PMC10743392 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms affected by germline and somatic genetic alterations. The incidence of MDS increases with age but rarely occurs at a young age. We investigated the germline and somatic genetic alterations of Korean patients with young-onset MDS (<40 years). Among the thirty-one patients, five (16.1%) had causative germline variants predisposing them to myeloid neoplasms (three with GATA2 variants and one each with PGM3 and ETV variants). We found that PGM3 deficiency, a subtype of severe immunodeficiency, predisposes patients to MDS. Somatic mutations were identified in 14 patients (45.2%), with lower rates in patients aged < 20 years (11.1%). Nine (29%) patients had U2AF1 S34F/Y mutations, and patients with U2AF1 mutations showed significantly worse progression-free survival (p < 0.001) and overall survival (p = 0.006) than those without U2AF1 mutations. A UBA1 M41T mutation that causes VEXAS syndrome was identified in a male patient. In conclusion, a germline predisposition to myeloid neoplasms occurred in ~16% of young-onset MDS patients and was largely associated with primary immunodeficiencies, including GATA2 deficiency. Furthermore, the high frequency of somatic U2AF1 mutations in patients with young-onset MDS suggests the presence of a distinct MDS subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chul Won Jung
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Sun-Hee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.K.); (H.-J.K.)
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30
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Maierhofer A, Mehta N, Chisholm RA, Hutter S, Baer C, Nadarajah N, Pohlkamp C, Thompson ER, James PA, Kern W, Haferlach C, Meggendorfer M, Haferlach T, Blombery P. The clinical and genomic landscape of patients with DDX41 variants identified during diagnostic sequencing. Blood Adv 2023; 7:7346-7357. [PMID: 37874914 PMCID: PMC10701587 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Deleterious germ line variants in DDX41 are a common cause of genetic predisposition to hematologic malignancies, particularly myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed in a large cohort of sequentially recruited patients with myeloid malignancy, covering DDX41 as well as 30 other genes frequently mutated in myeloid malignancy. Whole genome transcriptome sequencing data was analyzed on a separate cohort of patients with a range of hematologic malignancies to investigate the spectrum of cancer predisposition. Altogether, 5737 patients with myeloid malignancies were studied, with 152 different DDX41 variants detected. Multiple novel variants were detected, including synonymous variants affecting splicing as demonstrated by RNA-sequencing. The presence of a somatic DDX41 variant was highly associated with DDX41 germ line variants in patients with MDS and AML, and we developed a statistical approach to incorporate the co-occurrence of a somatic DDX41 variant into germ line variant classification at a very strong level (as per the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology guidelines). Using this approach, the MDS cohort contained 108 of 2865 (3.8%) patients with germ line likely pathogenic/pathogenic (LP/P) variants, and the AML cohort 106 of 2157 (4.9%). DDX41 LP/P variants were markedly enriched in patients with AML and MDS compared with those in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, B-cell neoplasm, and T- or B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In summary, we have developed a framework to enhance DDX41 variant curation as well as highlighted the importance of assessment of all types of genomic variants (including synonymous and multiexon deletions) to fully detect the landscape of possible clinically relevant DDX41 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikita Mehta
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ryan A. Chisholm
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Ella R. Thompson
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul A. James
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Piers Blombery
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Torsten Haferlach Leukaemiediagnostik Stiftung, Munich, Germany
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31
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Schratz KE. Clonal evolution in inherited marrow failure syndromes predicts disease progression. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2023; 2023:125-134. [PMID: 38066914 PMCID: PMC10727088 DOI: 10.1182/hematology.2023000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Progression to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia is one of the most serious complications of the inherited bone marrow failure and MDS-predisposition syndromes. Given the lack of predictive markers, this risk can also be a source of great uncertainty and anxiety to patients and their providers alike. Recent data show that some acquired mutations may provide a window into this risk. While maladaptive mechanisms, such as monosomy 7, are associated with a high risk of leukemogenesis, mutations that offset the inherited defect (known as somatic genetic rescue) may attenuate this risk. Somatic mutations that are shared with age-acquired clonal hematopoiesis mutations also show syndrome-specific patterns that may provide additional data as to disease risk. This review focuses on recent progress in this area with an emphasis on the biological underpinnings and interpretation of these patterns for patient care decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E. Schratz
- Department of Oncology
- Telomere Center at Johns Hopkins, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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32
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Gurnari C, Robin M, Godley LA, Drozd-Sokołowska J, Włodarski MW, Raj K, Onida F, Worel N, Ciceri F, Carbacioglu S, Kenyon M, Aljurf M, Bonfim C, Makishima H, Niemeyer C, Fenaux P, Zebisch A, Hamad N, Chalandon Y, Hellström-Lindberg E, Voso MT, Mecucci C, Duarte FB, Sebert M, Sicre de Fontbrune F, Soulier J, Shimamura A, Lindsley RC, Maciejewski JP, Calado RT, Yakoub-Agha I, McLornan DP. Germline predisposition traits in allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndromes: a survey-based study and position paper on behalf of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT. Lancet Haematol 2023; 10:e994-e1005. [PMID: 37898151 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(23)00265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The recent application of whole exome or whole genome sequencing unveiled a plethora of germline variants predisposing to myeloid disorders, particularly myelodysplastic neoplasms. The presence of such variants in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes has important clinical repercussions for haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, from donor selection and conditioning regimen to graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis and genetic counselling for relatives. No international guidelines exist to harmonise management approaches to this particular clinical scenario. Moreover, the application of germline testing, and how this informs clinical decisions, differs according to the expertise of individual clinical practices and according to different countries, health-care systems, and legislations. Leveraging the global span of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) network, we took a snapshot of the current European situation on these matters by disseminating an electronic survey to EBMT centres experienced in myelodysplastic syndromes transplantation. An international group of haematologists, transplantation physicians, paediatricians, nurses, and experts in molecular biology and constitutional genetics with experience in myelodysplastic syndromes contributed to this Position Paper. The panel met during multiple online meetings to discuss the results of the EBMT survey and to establish suggested harmonised guidelines for such clinical situations, which are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marie Robin
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, University Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lucy A Godley
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanna Drozd-Sokołowska
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin W Włodarski
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kavita Raj
- University College London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Francesco Onida
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nina Worel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Selim Carbacioglu
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Kenyon
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Division of Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carmem Bonfim
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Division and Pele Pequeno Principe Research Institute, Hospital Pequeno Principe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Hideki Makishima
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Charlotte Niemeyer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, University Paris, Paris, France; INSERM U944, CNRS UMR7212, Paris, France; Saint-Louis Hospital, Hematology Laboratory, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Division of Hematology and Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nada Hamad
- Department of Hematology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yves Chalandon
- Division of Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, University Hospital of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eva Hellström-Lindberg
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Mecucci
- Institute of Hematology and Center for Hemato-Oncology Research, University and Hospital of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Marie Sebert
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, University Paris, Paris, France; INSERM U944, CNRS UMR7212, Paris, France; Saint-Louis Hospital, Hematology Laboratory, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Flore Sicre de Fontbrune
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint Louis, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Centre National de Reference des Aplasies Médullaires Acquises et Constitutionnelles, Paris, France
| | - Jean Soulier
- INSERM U944, CNRS UMR7212, Paris, France; Saint-Louis Hospital, Hematology Laboratory, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Akiko Shimamura
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jarosław P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rodrigo T Calado
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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33
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Tiong IS, Stevenson WS, Wall M, Yap YZ, Seymour JF, Kenealy M, Blombery P. Favorable outcomes of DDX41-mutated myelodysplastic syndrome and low blast count acute myeloid leukemia treated with azacitidine ± lenalidomide. EJHAEM 2023; 4:1212-1215. [PMID: 38024610 PMCID: PMC10660393 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ing S. Tiong
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Alfred HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - William S. Stevenson
- Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Meaghan Wall
- Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - John F. Seymour
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Melita Kenealy
- Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Cabrini HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Piers Blombery
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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34
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Chlon TM, Patnaik MM. Germline DDX41 mutant predisposition syndromes: Slow driver states to hematological malignancies. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:1673-1676. [PMID: 37705260 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Chlon
- Division of Hematology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mrinal M Patnaik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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35
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Kanagal-Shamanna R, Schafernak KT, Calvo KR. Diagnostic work-up of hematological malignancies with underlying germline predisposition disorders (GPD). Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:443-456. [PMID: 37977953 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Hematological malignancies with underlying germline predisposition disorders have been recognized by the World Health Organization 5th edition and International Consensus Classification (ICC) classification systems. The list of genes and the associated phenotypes are expanding and involve both pediatric and adult populations. While the clinical presentation and underlying molecular pathogenesis are relatively well described, the knowledge regarding the bone marrow morphologic features, the landscape of somatic aberrations associated with progression to hematological malignancies is limited. These pose challenges in the diagnosis of low-grade myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to hematopathologists which carries direct implication for various aspects of clinical management of the patient, donor selection for transplantation, and family members. Here in, we provide a focused review on the diagnostic work-up of hematological malignancies with underlying germline predisposition disorders with emphasis on the spectrum of hematological malignancies associated with each entity, and characteristic bone marrow morphologic, somatic cytogenetic and molecular alterations at the time of diagnosis of hematological malignancies. We also review the key clinical, morphologic, and molecular features, that should initiate screening for these entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kristian T Schafernak
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Katherine R Calvo
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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36
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Bataller A, Loghavi S, Gerstein Y, Bazinet A, Sasaki K, Chien KS, Hammond D, Montalban-Bravo G, Borthakur G, Short N, Issa GC, Kadia TM, Daver N, Tang G, Quesada A, Patel KP, Ravandi F, Fiskus W, Mill CP, Kantarjian HM, Bhalla K, Garcia-Manero G, Oran B, DiNardo CD. Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with myeloid malignancies and DDX41 variants. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:1780-1790. [PMID: 37665752 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
DDX41 is the most frequently mutated gene in myeloid neoplasms associated with germline predisposition including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We analyzed 3795 patients with myeloid neoplasms and identified 151 (4%) with DDX41 variants and a diagnosis of AML (n = 96), MDS (n = 52), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (n = 3). The most frequent DDX41 variants were the somatic variant p.R525H, followed by the germline variants p.M1I and p.D140fs. Most neoplasms had a normal karyotype (59%) and the most frequent co-mutations were TP53 (16%) and ASXL1 (15%). 30% of patients had no concomitant mutations besides DDX41 mutation. Patients with myeloid malignancies and DDX41 variants responded well to therapy, with an overall response rate for patients with treatment naïve AML and MDS of 87% and 84%, respectively. The median overall survival (mOS) of patients with treatment-naïve AML or MDS was 49 and 71 months, respectively. Patients with AML treated with low-intensity regimens including venetoclax had an improved survival (2-year OS 91% vs. 60%, p = .02) and lower cumulative incidence of relapse compared to those treated without venetoclax (10% vs. 56%, p = .03). In the 33% of patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the 2-year OS was 80% and 85% for AML and MDS, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bataller
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sanam Loghavi
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yoheved Gerstein
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandre Bazinet
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Koji Sasaki
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kelly S Chien
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Danielle Hammond
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Gautam Borthakur
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicholas Short
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ghayas C Issa
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tapan M Kadia
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guilin Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andres Quesada
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keyur P Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Farhad Ravandi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Warren Fiskus
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cristopher P Mill
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hagop M Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kapil Bhalla
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Manero
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Betul Oran
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Courtney D DiNardo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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37
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Adès L. [Treating high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes]. Bull Cancer 2023; 110:1162-1167. [PMID: 37407322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal stem cell diseases that primarily affect the elderly. They are classified into low- and high-risk MDS according to prognostic scoring systems. In high-risk patients, treatment should aim to modify the course of the disease by preventing progression to acute myeloid leukemia, and thus improve survival. Stem cell transplantation remains the only curative treatment when possible, but this concerns a small minority of patients. Treatment is mainly based on hypomethylating agents (HMA). Our understanding of the biology of MDS has led to the development of drugs targeting key cellular processes such as apoptosis or post-translational modifications of proteins, the microenvironment and genetic mutations. Currently, new drugs are mainly tested in combination with HMAs in several clinical trials and, although none has yet obtained marketing authorization, many molecules seem promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Adès
- Université Paris Cité, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, hôpital Saint-Louis, service hématologie seniors, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
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38
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Jahn E, Saadati M, Fenaux P, Gobbi M, Roboz GJ, Bullinger L, Lutsik P, Riedel A, Plass C, Jahn N, Walter C, Holzmann K, Hao Y, Naim S, Schreck N, Krzykalla J, Benner A, Keer HN, Azab M, Döhner K, Döhner H. Clinical impact of the genomic landscape and leukemogenic trajectories in non-intensively treated elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients. Leukemia 2023; 37:2187-2196. [PMID: 37591941 PMCID: PMC10624608 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
To characterize the genomic landscape and leukemogenic pathways of older, newly diagnosed, non-intensively treated patients with AML and to study the clinical implications, comprehensive genetics analyses were performed including targeted DNA sequencing of 263 genes in 604 patients treated in a prospective Phase III clinical trial. Leukemic trajectories were delineated using oncogenetic tree modeling and hierarchical clustering, and prognostic groups were derived from multivariable Cox regression models. Clonal hematopoiesis-related genes (ASXL1, TET2, SRSF2, DNMT3A) were most frequently mutated. The oncogenetic modeling algorithm produced a tree with five branches with ASXL1, DDX41, DNMT3A, TET2, and TP53 emanating from the root suggesting leukemia-initiating events which gave rise to further subbranches with distinct subclones. Unsupervised clustering mirrored the genetic groups identified by the tree model. Multivariable analysis identified FLT3 internal tandem duplications (ITD), SRSF2, and TP53 mutations as poor prognostic factors, while DDX41 mutations exerted an exceptionally favorable effect. Subsequent backwards elimination based on the Akaike information criterion delineated three genetic risk groups: DDX41 mutations (favorable-risk), DDX41wildtype/FLT3-ITDneg/TP53wildtype (intermediate-risk), and FLT3-ITD or TP53 mutations (high-risk). Our data identified distinct trajectories of leukemia development in older AML patients and provide a basis for a clinically meaningful genetic outcome stratification for patients receiving less intensive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Jahn
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Marco Gobbi
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pavlo Lutsik
- Department of Oncology, Catholic University (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Riedel
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Jahn
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Claudia Walter
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Yong Hao
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Sue Naim
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Schreck
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Krzykalla
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Benner
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hartmut Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
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39
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Homan CC, Drazer MW, Yu K, Lawrence DM, Feng J, Arriola-Martinez L, Pozsgai MJ, McNeely KE, Ha T, Venugopal P, Arts P, King-Smith SL, Cheah J, Armstrong M, Wang P, Bödör C, Cantor AB, Cazzola M, Degelman E, DiNardo CD, Duployez N, Favier R, Fröhling S, Rio-Machin A, Klco JM, Krämer A, Kurokawa M, Lee J, Malcovati L, Morgan NV, Natsoulis G, Owen C, Patel KP, Preudhomme C, Raslova H, Rienhoff H, Ripperger T, Schulte R, Tawana K, Velloso E, Yan B, Kim E, Sood R, Hsu AP, Holland SM, Phillips K, Poplawski NK, Babic M, Wei AH, Forsyth C, Mar Fan H, Lewis ID, Cooney J, Susman R, Fox LC, Blombery P, Singhal D, Hiwase D, Phipson B, Schreiber AW, Hahn CN, Scott HS, Liu P, Godley LA, Brown AL. Somatic mutational landscape of hereditary hematopoietic malignancies caused by germline variants in RUNX1, GATA2, and DDX41. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6092-6107. [PMID: 37406166 PMCID: PMC10582382 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with germ line variants associated with hereditary hematopoietic malignancies (HHMs) have a highly variable risk for leukemogenesis. Gaps in our understanding of premalignant states in HHMs have hampered efforts to design effective clinical surveillance programs, provide personalized preemptive treatments, and inform appropriate counseling for patients. We used the largest known comparative international cohort of germline RUNX1, GATA2, or DDX41 variant carriers without and with hematopoietic malignancies (HMs) to identify patterns of genetic drivers that are unique to each HHM syndrome before and after leukemogenesis. These patterns included striking heterogeneity in rates of early-onset clonal hematopoiesis (CH), with a high prevalence of CH in RUNX1 and GATA2 variant carriers who did not have malignancies (carriers-without HM). We observed a paucity of CH in DDX41 carriers-without HM. In RUNX1 carriers-without HM with CH, we detected variants in TET2, PHF6, and, most frequently, BCOR. These genes were recurrently mutated in RUNX1-driven malignancies, suggesting CH is a direct precursor to malignancy in RUNX1-driven HHMs. Leukemogenesis in RUNX1 and DDX41 carriers was often driven by second hits in RUNX1 and DDX41, respectively. This study may inform the development of HHM-specific clinical trials and gene-specific approaches to clinical monitoring. For example, trials investigating the potential benefits of monitoring DDX41 carriers-without HM for low-frequency second hits in DDX41 may now be beneficial. Similarly, trials monitoring carriers-without HM with RUNX1 germ line variants for the acquisition of somatic variants in BCOR, PHF6, and TET2 and second hits in RUNX1 are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C. Homan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael W. Drazer
- Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, and The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Intramural Research, Oncogenesis and Development Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - David M. Lawrence
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- ACRF Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jinghua Feng
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- ACRF Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Luis Arriola-Martinez
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Pozsgai
- Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, and The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kelsey E. McNeely
- Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, and The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Thuong Ha
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Parvathy Venugopal
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peer Arts
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sarah L. King-Smith
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jesse Cheah
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mark Armstrong
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul Wang
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- ACRF Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Csaba Bödör
- HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alan B. Cantor
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Erin Degelman
- Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Courtney D. DiNardo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nicolas Duployez
- Laboratory of Hematology, Biology and Pathology Center, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
- Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, INSERM, Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Remi Favier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Armand Trousseau Children's Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana Rio-Machin
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alwin Krämer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mineo Kurokawa
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joanne Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Luca Malcovati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Neil V. Morgan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Carolyn Owen
- Division of Hematology and Hematological Malignancies, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keyur P. Patel
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- Laboratory of Hematology, Biology and Pathology Center, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
- Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, INSERM, Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Sud, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Tim Ripperger
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rachael Schulte
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Riley Children’s Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kiran Tawana
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elvira Velloso
- Service of Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy and Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31) HCFMUSP, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Genetics Laboratory, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benedict Yan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Erika Kim
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Raman Sood
- Division of Intramural Research, Oncogenesis and Development Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Amy P. Hsu
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Steven M. Holland
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kerry Phillips
- Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nicola K. Poplawski
- Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Milena Babic
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew H. Wei
- Department of Haematology, Peter McCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cecily Forsyth
- Central Coast Haematology, North Gosford, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Mar Fan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ian D. Lewis
- Adelaide Oncology & Haematology, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Julian Cooney
- Department of Haematology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Rachel Susman
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lucy C. Fox
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Piers Blombery
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deepak Singhal
- Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Devendra Hiwase
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Belinda Phipson
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and Department of Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andreas W. Schreiber
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- ACRF Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Christopher N. Hahn
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hamish S. Scott
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- ACRF Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Paul Liu
- Division of Intramural Research, Oncogenesis and Development Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lucy A. Godley
- Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, and The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Anna L. Brown
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, An alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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40
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Zoller J, Trajanova D, Feurstein S. Germline and somatic drivers in inherited hematologic malignancies. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1205855. [PMID: 37904876 PMCID: PMC10613526 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1205855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited hematologic malignancies are linked to a heterogenous group of genes, knowledge of which is rapidly expanding using panel-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) or whole-exome/whole-genome sequencing. Importantly, the penetrance for these syndromes is incomplete, and disease development, progression or transformation has critical clinical implications. With the earlier detection of healthy carriers and sequential monitoring of these patients, clonal hematopoiesis and somatic driver variants become significant factors in determining disease transformation/progression and timing of (preemptive) hematopoietic stem cell transplant in these patients. In this review, we shed light on the detection of probable germline predisposition alleles based on diagnostic/prognostic 'somatic' NGS panels. A multi-tier approach including variant allele frequency, bi-allelic inactivation, persistence of a variant upon clinical remission and mutational burden can indicate variants with high pre-test probability. We also discuss the shared underlying biology and frequency of germline and somatic variants affecting the same gene, specifically focusing on variants in DDX41, ETV6, GATA2 and RUNX1. Germline variants in these genes are associated with a (specific) pattern or over-/underrepresentation of somatic molecular or cytogenetic alterations that may help identify the underlying germline syndrome and predict the course of disease in these individuals. This review is based on the current knowledge about somatic drivers in these four syndromes by integrating data from all published patients, thereby providing clinicians with valuable and concise information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simone Feurstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology, Oncology & Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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41
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Guijarro F, López-Guerra M, Morata J, Bataller A, Paz S, Cornet-Masana JM, Banús-Mulet A, Cuesta-Casanovas L, Carbó JM, Castaño-Díez S, Jiménez-Vicente C, Cortés-Bullich A, Triguero A, Martínez-Roca A, Esteban D, Gómez-Hernando M, Álamo Moreno JR, López-Oreja I, Garrote M, Risueño RM, Tonda R, Gut I, Colomer D, Díaz-Beya M, Esteve J. Germ line variants in patients with acute myeloid leukemia without a suspicion of hereditary hematologic malignancy syndrome. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5799-5811. [PMID: 37450374 PMCID: PMC10561046 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023009742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Germ line predisposition in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has gained attention in recent years because of a nonnegligible frequency and an impact on management of patients and their relatives. Risk alleles for AML development may be present in patients without a clinical suspicion of hereditary hematologic malignancy syndrome. In this study we investigated the presence of germ line variants (GVs) in 288 genes related to cancer predisposition in 47 patients with available paired, tumor-normal material, namely bone marrow stroma cells (n = 29), postremission bone marrow (n = 17), and saliva (n = 1). These patients correspond to 2 broad AML categories with heterogeneous genetic background (AML myelodysplasia related and AML defined by differentiation) and none of them had phenotypic abnormalities, previous history of cytopenia, or strong cancer aggregation. We found 11 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, 6 affecting genes related to autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndromes (ATM, DDX41, and CHEK2) and 5 related to autosomal recessive bone marrow failure syndromes (FANCA, FANCM, SBDS, DNAJC21, and CSF3R). We did not find differences in clinical characteristics nor outcome between carriers of GVs vs noncarriers. Further studies in unselected AML cohorts are needed to determine GV incidence and penetrance and, in particular, to clarify the role of ATM nonsense mutations in AML predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Guijarro
- Pathology Department, Hematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica López-Guerra
- Pathology Department, Hematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Morata
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Bataller
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Paz
- Pathology Department, Hematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Sandra Castaño-Díez
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Jiménez-Vicente
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Cortés-Bullich
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Triguero
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Martínez-Roca
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Esteban
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez-Hernando
- Pathology Department, Hematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Irene López-Oreja
- Pathology Department, Hematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Garrote
- Pathology Department, Hematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth M. Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Tonda
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivo Gut
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Colomer
- Pathology Department, Hematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Díaz-Beya
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Esteve
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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42
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Cheloor Kovilakam S, Gu M, Dunn WG, Marando L, Barcena C, Nik-Zainal S, Mohorianu I, Kar SP, Fabre MA, Quiros PM, Vassiliou GS. Prevalence and significance of DDX41 gene variants in the general population. Blood 2023; 142:1185-1192. [PMID: 37506341 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Germ line variants in the DDX41 gene have been linked to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) development. However, the risks associated with different variants remain unknown, as do the basis of their leukemogenic properties, impact on steady-state hematopoiesis, and links to other cancers. Here, we investigate the frequency and significance of DDX41 variants in 454 792 United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) participants and identify 452 unique nonsynonymous DNA variants in 3538 (1/129) individuals. Many were novel, and the prevalence of most varied markedly by ancestry. Among the 1059 individuals with germ line pathogenic variants (DDX41-GPV) 34 developed MDS/AML (odds ratio, 12.3 vs noncarriers). Of these, 7 of 218 had start-lost, 22 of 584 had truncating, and 5 of 257 had missense (odds ratios: 12.9, 15.1, and 7.5, respectively). Using multivariate logistic regression, we found significant associations of DDX41-GPV with MDS, AML, and family history of leukemia but not lymphoma, myeloproliferative neoplasms, or other cancers. We also report that DDX41-GPV carriers do not have an increased prevalence of clonal hematopoiesis (CH). In fact, CH was significantly more common before sporadic vs DDX41-mutant MDS/AML, revealing distinct evolutionary paths. Furthermore, somatic mutation rates did not differ between sporadic and DDX41-mutant AML genomes, ruling out genomic instability as a driver of the latter. Finally, we found that higher mean red cell volume (MCV) and somatic DDX41 mutations in blood DNA identify DDX41-GPV carriers at increased MDS/AML risk. Collectively, our findings give new insights into the prevalence and cognate risks associated with DDX41 variants, as well as the clonal evolution and early detection of DDX41-mutant MDS/AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Cheloor Kovilakam
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Muxin Gu
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William G Dunn
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ludovica Marando
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Clea Barcena
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Early Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Mohorianu
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Siddhartha P Kar
- Early Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Section of Translational Epidemiology, Division of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Margarete A Fabre
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro M Quiros
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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43
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Reilly CR, Lane AA. DDX41: here, there…and everywhere. Blood 2023; 142:1177-1178. [PMID: 37796519 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
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44
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Rosenquist R, Bernard E, Erkers T, Scott DW, Itzykson R, Rousselot P, Soulier J, Hutchings M, Östling P, Cavelier L, Fioretos T, Smedby KE. Novel precision medicine approaches and treatment strategies in hematological malignancies. J Intern Med 2023; 294:413-436. [PMID: 37424223 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Genetic testing has been applied for decades in clinical routine diagnostics of hematological malignancies to improve disease (sub)classification, prognostication, patient management, and survival. In recent classifications of hematological malignancies, disease subtypes are defined by key recurrent genetic alterations detected by conventional methods (i.e., cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and targeted sequencing). Hematological malignancies were also one of the first disease areas in which targeted therapies were introduced, the prime example being BCR::ABL1 inhibitors, followed by an increasing number of targeted inhibitors hitting the Achilles' heel of each disease, resulting in a clear patient benefit. Owing to the technical advances in high-throughput sequencing, we can now apply broad genomic tests, including comprehensive gene panels or whole-genome and whole-transcriptome sequencing, to identify clinically important diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers. In this review, we give examples of how precision diagnostics has been implemented to guide treatment selection and improve survival in myeloid (myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia) and lymphoid malignancies (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia). We discuss the relevance and potential of monitoring measurable residual disease using ultra-sensitive techniques to assess therapy response and detect early relapses. Finally, we bring up the promising avenue of functional precision medicine, combining ex vivo drug screening with various omics technologies, to provide novel treatment options for patients with advanced disease. Although we are only in the beginning of the field of precision hematology, we foresee rapid development with new types of diagnostics and treatment strategies becoming available to the benefit of our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elsa Bernard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
- PRISM Center for Personalized Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Tom Erkers
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David W Scott
- BC Cancer's Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Raphael Itzykson
- Université Paris Cité, Génomes, biologie cellulaire et thérapeutique U944, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
- Département Hématologie et Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Rousselot
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Jean Soulier
- Université Paris Cité, Génomes, biologie cellulaire et thérapeutique U944, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
- Hématologie Biologique, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Martin Hutchings
- Department of Haematology and Phase 1 Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Päivi Östling
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucia Cavelier
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thoas Fioretos
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Genomics Lund, Science for Life Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin E Smedby
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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45
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Versluis J, Saber W, Tsai HK, Gibson CJ, Dillon LW, Mishra A, McGuirk J, Maziarz RT, Westervelt P, Hegde P, Mukherjee D, Martens MJ, Logan B, Horowitz M, Hourigan CS, Nakamura R, Cutler C, Lindsley RC. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Improves Outcome in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Across High-Risk Genetic Subgroups: Genetic Analysis of the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network 1102 Study. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:4497-4510. [PMID: 37607457 PMCID: PMC10552956 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) improves overall survival (OS). We evaluated the impact of MDS genetics on the benefit of HCT in a biological assignment (donor v no donor) study. METHODS We performed targeted sequencing in 309 patients age 50-75 years with International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) intermediate-2 or high-risk MDS, enrolled in the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network 1102 study and assessed the association of gene mutations with OS. Patients with TP53 mutations were classified as TP53multihit if two alleles were altered (via point mutation, deletion, or copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity). RESULTS The distribution of gene mutations was similar in the donor and no donor arms, with TP53 (28% v 29%; P = .89), ASXL1 (23% v 29%; P = .37), and SRSF2 (16% v 16%; P = .99) being most common. OS in patients with a TP53 mutation was worse compared with patients without TP53 mutation (21% ± 5% [SE] v 52% ± 4% at 3 years; P < .001). Among those with a TP53 mutation, OS was similar between TP53single versus TP53multihit (22% ± 8% v 20% ± 6% at 3 years; P = .31). Considering HCT as a time-dependent covariate, patients with a TP53 mutation who underwent HCT had improved OS compared with non-HCT treatment (OS at 3 years: 23% ± 7% v 11% ± 7%; P = .04), associated with a hazard ratio of 3.89; 95% CI, 1.87 to 8.12; P < .001 after adjustment for covariates. OS among patients with molecular IPSS (IPSS-M) very high risk without a TP53 mutation was significantly improved if they had a donor (68% ± 10% v 0% ± 12% at 3 years; P = .001). CONCLUSION HCT improved OS compared with non-HCT treatment in patients with TP53 mutations irrespective of TP53 allelic status. Patients with IPSS-M very high risk without a TP53 mutation had favorable outcomes when a donor was available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurjen Versluis
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wael Saber
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Harrison K. Tsai
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Laura W. Dillon
- Laboratory of Myeloid Malignancies, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | - Pranay Hegde
- Laboratory of Myeloid Malignancies, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Devdeep Mukherjee
- Laboratory of Myeloid Malignancies, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | - Christopher S. Hourigan
- Laboratory of Myeloid Malignancies, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Myeloid Malignancies Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Corey Cutler
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Molteni E, Bono E, Gallì A, Elena C, Ferrari J, Fiorelli N, Pozzi S, Ferretti VV, Sarchi M, Rizzo E, Camilotto V, Boveri E, Cazzola M, Malcovati L. Prevalence and clinical expression of germ line predisposition to myeloid neoplasms in adults with marrow hypocellularity. Blood 2023; 142:643-657. [PMID: 37216690 PMCID: PMC10644067 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Systematic studies of germ line genetic predisposition to myeloid neoplasms in adult patients are still limited. In this work, we performed germ line and somatic targeted sequencing in a cohort of adult patients with hypoplastic bone marrow (BM) to study germ line predisposition variants and their clinical correlates. The study population included 402 consecutive adult patients investigated for unexplained cytopenia and reduced age-adjusted BM cellularity. Germ line mutation analysis was performed using a panel of 60 genes, and variants were interpreted per the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology guidelines; somatic mutation analysis was performed using a panel of 54 genes. Of the 402 patients, 27 (6.7%) carried germ line variants that caused a predisposition syndrome/disorder. The most frequent disorders were DDX41-associated predisposition, Fanconi anemia, GATA2-deficiency syndrome, severe congenital neutropenia, RASopathy, and Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Eighteen of 27 patients (67%) with causative germ line genotype were diagnosed with myeloid neoplasm, and the remaining with cytopenia of undetermined significance. Patients with a predisposition syndrome/disorder were younger than the remaining patients and had a higher risk of severe or multiple cytopenias and advanced myeloid malignancy. In patients with myeloid neoplasm, causative germ line mutations were associated with increased risk of progression into acute myeloid leukemia. Family or personal history of cancer did not show significant association with a predisposition syndrome/disorder. The findings of this study unveil the spectrum, clinical expressivity, and prevalence of germ line predisposition mutations in an unselected cohort of adult patients with cytopenia and hypoplastic BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Molteni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Bono
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Gallì
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Elena
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jacqueline Ferrari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicolas Fiorelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Martina Sarchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Virginia Camilotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Boveri
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Malcovati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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47
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Tierens A, Kagotho E, Shinriki S, Seto A, Smith AC, Care M, Maze D, Sibai H, Yee KW, Schuh AC, Kim DDH, Gupta V, Minden MD, Matsui H, Capo-Chichi JM. Biallelic disruption of DDX41 activity is associated with distinct genomic and immunophenotypic hallmarks in acute leukemia. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1153082. [PMID: 37434984 PMCID: PMC10331015 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1153082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inherited DDX41 mutations cause familial predisposition to hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), with the majority of DDX41 mutated MDS/AMLs described to date harboring germline DDX41 and co-occurring somatic DDX41 variants. DDX41-AMLs were shown to share distinguishing clinical features such as a late AML onset and an indolent disease associated with a favorable outcome. However, genotype-phenotype correlation in DDX41-MDS/AMLs remain poorly understood. Methods Here, we studied the genetic profile, bone marrow morphology and immunophenotype of 51 patients with DDX41 mutations. We further assessed the functional impact of ten previously uncharacterized DDX41 variants of uncertain significance. Results Our results demonstrate that MDS/AML cases harboring two DDX41 variants share specific clinicopathologic hallmarks that are not seen in other patients with monoallelic DDX41 related hematologic malignancies. We further showed that the features seen in these individuals with two DDX41 variants were concordant with biallelic DDX41 disruption. Discussion Here, we expand on previous clinicopathologic findings on DDX41 mutated hematologic malignancies. Functional analyses conducted in this study unraveled previously uncharacterized DDX41 alleles and further illustrate the implication of biallelic disruption in the pathophysiology of this distinct AML entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Tierens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Kagotho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Satoru Shinriki
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Andrew Seto
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Genetics, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam C. Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Genetics, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melanie Care
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Genetics, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dawn Maze
- Department of Medicine Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hassan Sibai
- Department of Medicine Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen W. Yee
- Department of Medicine Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andre C. Schuh
- Department of Medicine Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dennis Dong Hwan Kim
- Department of Medicine Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Department of Medicine Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark D. Minden
- Department of Medicine Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - José-Mario Capo-Chichi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Genetics, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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48
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O’Connor TE, Shaw R, Madero-Marroquin R, Roloff GW. Clinical considerations at the intersection of hematopoietic cell transplantation and hereditary hematopoietic malignancy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1180439. [PMID: 37251919 PMCID: PMC10213438 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1180439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, advances in genetics and the integration of clinical-grade next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays into patient care have facilitated broader recognition of hereditary hematopoietic malignancy (HHM) among clinicians, in addition to the identification and characterization of novel HHM syndromes. Studies on genetic risk distribution within affected families and unique considerations of HHM biology represent exciting areas of translational research. More recently, data are now emerging pertaining to unique aspects of clinical management of malignancies arising in the context of pathogenic germline mutations, with particular emphasis on chemotherapy responsiveness. In this article, we explore considerations surrounding allogeneic transplantation in the context of HHMs. We review pre- and post-transplant patient implications, including genetic testing donor selection and donor-derived malignancies. Additionally, we consider the limited data that exist regarding the use of transplantation in HHMs and safeguards that might be pursued to mitigate transplant-related toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. O’Connor
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Reid Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | | | - Gregory W. Roloff
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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49
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Huo L, Zhang Z, Zhou H, Xie J, Jiang A, Wang Q, Ding Z, Dai H, Liu D, Wu N, Qiu Q, Ma L, Wang M, Wang W, Xue S, Chen Z, Wu D, Yao H, Chen S, Shen H. Causative germline variant p.Y259C of DDX41 recurrently identified in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2023. [PMID: 37144604 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Huo
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jundan Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Airui Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaocheng Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengli Xue
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixing Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Depei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yao
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Suning Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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50
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Gener-Ricos G, Gerstein YS, Hammond D, DiNardo CD. Germline Predisposition to Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cancer J 2023; 29:143-151. [PMID: 37195770 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT While germline predisposition to myelodysplastic syndromes is well-established, knowledge has advanced rapidly resulting in more cases of inherited hematologic malignancies being identified. Understanding the biological features and main clinical manifestations of hereditary hematologic malignancies is essential to recognizing and referring patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, who may underlie inherited predisposition, for appropriate genetic evaluation. Importance lies in individualized genetic counseling along with informed treatment decisions, especially with regard to hematopoietic stem cell transplant-related donor selection. Future studies will improve comprehension of these disorders, enabling better management of affected patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoheved S Gerstein
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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