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Lu Y, Ma WB, Ren GM, Li YT, Wang T, Zhan YQ, Xiang SS, Chen H, Gao HY, Zhao K, Yu M, Li CY, Yang XM, Yin RH. GPS2 promotes erythroid differentiation in K562 erythroleukemia cells primarily via NCOR1. Int J Hematol 2024; 120:157-166. [PMID: 38814500 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) has been shown to play a pivotal role in human and mouse definitive erythropoiesis in an EKLF-dependent manner. However, whether GPS2 affects human primitive erythropoiesis is still unknown. This study demonstrated that GPS2 positively regulates erythroid differentiation in K562 cells, which have a primitive erythroid phenotype. Overexpression of GPS2 promoted hemin-induced hemoglobin synthesis in K562 cells as assessed by the increased percentage of benzidine-positive cells and the deeper red coloration of the cell pellets. In contrast, knockdown of GPS2 inhibited hemin-induced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. GPS2 overexpression also enhanced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells induced by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C). GPS2 induced hemoglobin synthesis by increasing the expression of globin and ALAS2 genes, either under steady state or upon hemin treatment. Promotion of erythroid differentiation of K562 cells by GPS2 mainly relies on NCOR1, as knockdown of NCOR1 or lack of the NCOR1-binding domain of GPS2 potently diminished the promotive effect. Thus, our study revealed a previously unknown role of GPS2 in regulating human primitive erythropoiesis in K562 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen-Bing Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Guang-Ming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ya-Ting Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yi-Qun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shen-Si Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui-Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chang-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Rong-Hua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Hu T, Mu C, Li Y, Hao W, Yu X, Wang Y, Han W, Li Q. GPS2 ameliorates cigarette smoking-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling by modulating the ras-Raf-ERK axis. Respir Res 2024; 25:210. [PMID: 38755610 PMCID: PMC11100185 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)signaling-mediated smoking-associated pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of group 3 pulmonary hypertension (PH). And G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) could suppress G-protein signaling such as Ras and MAPK, but its role in cigarette smoking -induced PVR (CS-PVR) is unclear. METHODS An in vivo model of smoke-exposed rats was constructed to assess the role of GPS2 in smoking-induced PH and PVR. In vitro, the effects of GPS2 overexpression and silencing on the function of human pulmonary arterial smooth cells (HPASMCs) and the underlying mechanisms were explored. RESULTS GPS2 expression was downregulated in rat pulmonary arteries (PAs) and HPASMCs after CS exposure. More importantly, CS-exposed rats with GPS2 overexpression had lower right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI), and wall thickness (WT%) than those without. And enhanced proliferation and migration of HPASMCs induced by cigarette smoking extract (CSE) can be evidently inhibited by overexpressed GPS2. Besides, GPS2siRNA significantly enhanced the proliferation, and migration of HPASMCs as well as activated Ras and Raf/ERK signaling, while these effects were inhibited by zoledronic acid (ZOL). In addition, GPS2 promoter methylation level in rat PAs and HPASMCs was increased after CS exposure, and 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-aza) inhibited CSE-induced GPS2 hypermethylation and downregulation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS GPS2 overexpression could improve the CS-PVR, suggesting that GPS2 might serve as a novel therapeutic target for PH-COPD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chaohui Mu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanmiao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wanming Hao
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinjuan Yu
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wei Han
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Qinghai Li
- Qingdao Key Lab of Common Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Țichil I, Mitre I, Zdrenghea MT, Bojan AS, Tomuleasa CI, Cenariu D. A Review of Key Regulators of Steady-State and Ineffective Erythropoiesis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2585. [PMID: 38731114 PMCID: PMC11084473 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Erythropoiesis is initiated with the transformation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells into committed erythroid progenitor cells in the erythroblastic islands of the bone marrow in adults. These cells undergo several stages of differentiation, including erythroblast formation, normoblast formation, and finally, the expulsion of the nucleus to form mature red blood cells. The erythropoietin (EPO) pathway, which is activated by hypoxia, induces stimulation of the erythroid progenitor cells and the promotion of their proliferation and survival as well as maturation and hemoglobin synthesis. The regulation of erythropoiesis is a complex and dynamic interaction of a myriad of factors, such as transcription factors (GATA-1, STAT5), cytokines (IL-3, IL-6, IL-11), iron metabolism and cell cycle regulators. Multiple microRNAs are involved in erythropoiesis, mediating cell growth and development, regulating oxidative stress, erythrocyte maturation and differentiation, hemoglobin synthesis, transferrin function and iron homeostasis. This review aims to explore the physiology of steady-state erythropoiesis and to outline key mechanisms involved in ineffective erythropoiesis linked to anemia, chronic inflammation, stress, and hematological malignancies. Studying aberrations in erythropoiesis in various diseases allows a more in-depth understanding of the heterogeneity within erythroid populations and the development of gene therapies to treat hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Țichil
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ileana Mitre
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
| | - Mihnea Tudor Zdrenghea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Simona Bojan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Ionuț Tomuleasa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- Department of Haematology, “Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- MEDFUTURE—Research Centre for Advanced Medicine, 8 Louis Pasteur Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Cenariu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.M.); (M.T.Z.); (A.S.B.); (C.I.T.); (D.C.)
- MEDFUTURE—Research Centre for Advanced Medicine, 8 Louis Pasteur Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Bieker JJ, Philipsen S. Erythroid Krüppel-Like Factor (KLF1): A Surprisingly Versatile Regulator of Erythroid Differentiation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:217-242. [PMID: 39017846 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Erythroid Krüppel-like factor (KLF1), first discovered in 1992, is an erythroid-restricted transcription factor (TF) that is essential for terminal differentiation of erythroid progenitors. At face value, KLF1 is a rather inconspicuous member of the 26-strong SP/KLF TF family. However, 30 years of research have revealed that KLF1 is a jack of all trades in the molecular control of erythropoiesis. Initially described as a one-trick pony required for high-level transcription of the adult HBB gene, we now know that it orchestrates the entire erythroid differentiation program. It does so not only as an activator but also as a repressor. In addition, KLF1 was the first TF shown to be directly involved in enhancer/promoter loop formation. KLF1 variants underlie a wide range of erythroid phenotypes in the human population, varying from very mild conditions such as hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin and the In(Lu) blood type in the case of haploinsufficiency, to much more serious non-spherocytic hemolytic anemias in the case of compound heterozygosity, to dominant congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type IV invariably caused by a de novo variant in a highly conserved amino acid in the KLF1 DNA-binding domain. In this chapter, we present an overview of the past and present of KLF1 research and discuss the significance of human KLF1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Bieker
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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5
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Lu Y, Ma WB, Ren GM, Liu X, Li YT, Wang T, Zhan YQ, Xiang SS, Yu M, Li CY, Yang XM, Yin RH. VPS37C facilitates erythroid differentiation by promoting EKLF stability. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 671:229-235. [PMID: 37307706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The process of erythroid differentiation is orchestrated at the molecular level by a complex network of transcription factors. Erythroid Krüppel-like factor (EKLF/KLF1) is a master erythroid gene regulator that directly regulates most aspects of terminal erythroid differentiation. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of EKLF protein stability are still largely unknown. In this study, we identified Vacuolar protein sorting 37 C (VPS37C), a core subunit of the Endosomal sorting complex required for transport-I (ESCRT-I) complex, as an essential regulator of EKLF stability. Our study showed that VPS37C interacts with EKLF and prevents K48-linked polyubiquitination of EKLF and proteasome-mediated EKLF degradation, thus enhancing EKLF protein stability and transcriptional activity. VPS37C overexpression in murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells promotes hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA)-induced erythroid differentiation manifested by up-regulating erythroid-specific EKLF target genes and increasing benzidine-positive cells. In contrast, VPS37C knockdown inhibits HMBA-induced MEL cell erythroid differentiation. Particularly, the restoration of EKLF expression in VPS37C-knockdown MEL cells reverses erythroid-specific gene expression and hemoglobin production. Collectively, our study demonstrated VPS37C is a novel regulator of EKLF ubiquitination and degradation, which plays a positive role in erythroid differentiation of MEL cells by enhancing EKLF protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen-Bing Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Guang-Ming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ya-Ting Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yi-Qun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shen-Si Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chang-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Rong-Hua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Li J, Quan C, He YL, Cao Y, Chen Y, Wang YF, Wu LY. Autophagy regulated by the HIF/REDD1/mTORC1 signaling is progressively increased during erythroid differentiation under hypoxia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:896893. [PMID: 36092719 PMCID: PMC9448881 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.896893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), hypoxia is a specific microenvironment known as the hypoxic niche. How hypoxia regulates erythroid differentiation of HSPCs remains unclear. In this study, we show that hypoxia evidently accelerates erythroid differentiation, and autophagy plays a pivotal role in this process. We further determine that mTORC1 signaling is suppressed by hypoxia to relieve its inhibition of autophagy, and with the process of erythroid differentiation, mTORC1 activity gradually decreases and autophagy activity increases accordingly. Moreover, we provide evidence that the HIF-1 target gene REDD1 is upregulated to suppress mTORC1 signaling and enhance autophagy, thereby promoting erythroid differentiation under hypoxia. Together, our study identifies that the enhanced autophagy by hypoxia favors erythroid maturation and elucidates a new regulatory pattern whereby autophagy is progressively increased during erythroid differentiation, which is driven by the HIF-1/REDD1/mTORC1 signaling in a hypoxic niche.
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7
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Soboleva S, Miharada K. Induction of enucleation in primary and immortalized erythroid cells. Int J Hematol 2022; 116:192-198. [PMID: 35610497 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Enucleation is a crucial event during the erythropoiesis, implicating drastic morphologic and transcriptomic/proteomic changes. While many genes deletion lead to failed or impaired enucleation have been identified, directly triggering the erythroid maturation, particularly enucleation, is still challenging. Inducing enucleation at the desired timing is necessary to develop efficient methods to generate mature, fully functional red blood cells in vitro for future transfusion therapies. However, there are considerable differences between primary erythroid cells and cultured cell sources, particularly pluripotent stem cell-derived erythroid cells and immortalized erythroid cell lines. For instance, the difference in the proliferative status between those cell types could be a critical factor, as cell cycle exit is closely connected to the terminal maturation of primary. In this review, we will discuss previous findings on the enucleation machinery and current challengings to trigger the enucleation of infinite erythroid cell sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Soboleva
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenichi Miharada
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Si Y, Zhang H, Peng P, Zhu C, Shen J, Xiong Y, Liu X, Xiang Y, Li W, Ren Y, Wan F, Zhang L, Liu Y. G protein pathway suppressor 2 suppresses gastric cancer by destabilizing epidermal growth factor receptor. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4867-4882. [PMID: 34609770 PMCID: PMC8645722 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) is expressed in most human tissues, including the stomach. However, the biological functions of GPS2 in cancer, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms, remain poorly understood. Here, we report that GPS2 expression was aberrantly downregulated in gastric cancer (GC) tissues compared with control tissues. Clinicopathologic analysis showed that low GPS2 expression was significantly correlated with pathological grade, lymph node stage, and invasive depth. Kaplan‐Meier analysis indicated that patients with low GPS2 expression showed poorer overall survival rates than those with high GPS2 expression. Moreover, GPS2 overexpression decreased GC cell proliferation, colony formation, tumorigenesis, and invasion. Overexpression of GPS2 reduced the protein expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and inhibited its downstream signaling in GC cells. Interestingly, GPS2 decreased EGFR protein expression, which was reversed by a lysosome inhibitor. Furthermore, GPS2 reduced EGFR protein stability by enhancing the binding of EGFR and an E3 ligase, c‐Cbl, which promoted the ubiquitination of EGFR, ultimately leading to its degradation through the lysosomal pathway. Further analysis indicated that GPS2 activated autophagy and promoted the autophagic flux by destabilizing EGFR. Taken together, these results suggest that low GPS2 expression is associated with GC progression and provide insights into the applicability of the GPS2‐EGFR axis as a potential therapeutic target in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Si
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Peng
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chu Zhu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yilian Xiong
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuewen Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yuchen Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yuliang Ren
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Fang Wan
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Erythropoiesis is a hierarchical process by which hematopoietic stem cells give rise to red blood cells through gradual cell fate restriction and maturation. Deciphering this process requires the establishment of dynamic gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that predict the response of hematopoietic cells to signals from the environment. Although GRNs have historically been derived from transcriptomic data, recent proteomic studies have revealed a major role for posttranscriptional mechanisms in regulating gene expression during erythropoiesis. These new findings highlight the need to integrate proteomic data into GRNs for a refined understanding of erythropoiesis. RECENT FINDINGS Here, we review recent proteomic studies that have furthered our understanding of erythropoiesis with a focus on quantitative mass spectrometry approaches to measure the abundance of transcription factors and cofactors during differentiation. Furthermore, we highlight challenges that remain in integrating transcriptomic, proteomic, and other omics data into a predictive model of erythropoiesis, and discuss the future prospect of single-cell proteomics. SUMMARY Recent proteomic studies have considerably expanded our knowledge of erythropoiesis beyond the traditional transcriptomic-centric perspective. These findings have both opened up new avenues of research to increase our understanding of erythroid differentiation, while at the same time presenting new challenges in integrating multiple layers of information into a comprehensive gene regulatory model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Brand
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H8L6, Canada
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