1
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Serrano G, Berastegui N, Díaz-Mazkiaran A, García-Olloqui P, Rodriguez-Res C, Huerga-Dominguez S, Ainciburu M, Vilas-Zornoza A, Martin-Uriz PS, Aguirre-Ruiz P, Ullate-Agote A, Ariceta B, Lamo-Espinosa JM, Acha P, Calvete O, Jimenez T, Molero A, Montoro MJ, Díez-Campelo M, Valcarcel D, Solé F, Alfonso-Pierola A, Ochoa I, Prósper F, Ezponda T, Hernaez M. Single-cell transcriptional profile of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells from del(5q) myelodysplastic syndromes and impact of lenalidomide. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5272. [PMID: 38902243 PMCID: PMC11189937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
While myelodysplastic syndromes with del(5q) (del(5q) MDS) comprises a well-defined hematological subgroup, the molecular basis underlying its origin remains unknown. Using single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) on CD34+ progenitors from del(5q) MDS patients, we have identified cells harboring the deletion, characterizing the transcriptional impact of this genetic insult on disease pathogenesis and treatment response. Interestingly, both del(5q) and non-del(5q) cells present similar transcriptional lesions, indicating that all cells, and not only those harboring the deletion, may contribute to aberrant hematopoietic differentiation. However, gene regulatory network (GRN) analyses reveal a group of regulons showing aberrant activity that could trigger altered hematopoiesis exclusively in del(5q) cells, pointing to a more prominent role of these cells in disease phenotype. In del(5q) MDS patients achieving hematological response upon lenalidomide treatment, the drug reverts several transcriptional alterations in both del(5q) and non-del(5q) cells, but other lesions remain, which may be responsible for potential future relapses. Moreover, lack of hematological response is associated with the inability of lenalidomide to reverse transcriptional alterations. Collectively, this study reveals transcriptional alterations that could contribute to the pathogenesis and treatment response of del(5q) MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Serrano
- Computational Biology Program CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdISNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nerea Berastegui
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aintzane Díaz-Mazkiaran
- Computational Biology Program CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdISNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula García-Olloqui
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodriguez-Res
- Computational Biology Program CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdISNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sofia Huerga-Dominguez
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Service, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdISNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marina Ainciburu
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patxi San Martin-Uriz
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paula Aguirre-Ruiz
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Asier Ullate-Agote
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beñat Ariceta
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pamela Acha
- MDS Research Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Service of Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona; Vall d'Hebron Instituto de Oncología (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Calvete
- MDS Research Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tamara Jimenez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonieta Molero
- Service of Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona; Vall d'Hebron Instituto de Oncología (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Julia Montoro
- Service of Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona; Vall d'Hebron Instituto de Oncología (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Díez-Campelo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Valcarcel
- Service of Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona; Vall d'Hebron Instituto de Oncología (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Solé
- MDS Research Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Alfonso-Pierola
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Service, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdISNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Idoia Ochoa
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Datos e Inteligencia Artificial (DATAI), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Electrical and Electronics engineering, School of Engineering (Tecnun), University of Navarra, Donostia, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Service, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdISNA, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Teresa Ezponda
- Hematology-Oncology Program, CIMA, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mikel Hernaez
- Computational Biology Program CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), IdISNA, Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Datos e Inteligencia Artificial (DATAI), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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2
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Bottardi S, Layne T, Ramòn AC, Quansah N, Wurtele H, Affar EB, Milot E. MNDA, a PYHIN factor involved in transcriptional regulation and apoptosis control in leukocytes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395035. [PMID: 38680493 PMCID: PMC11045911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation control is critical during the innate immune response. Such response is triggered by the detection of molecules originating from pathogens or damaged host cells by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). PRRs subsequently initiate intra-cellular signalling through different pathways, resulting in i) the production of inflammatory cytokines, including type I interferon (IFN), and ii) the initiation of a cascade of events that promote both immediate host responses as well as adaptive immune responses. All human PYRIN and HIN-200 domains (PYHIN) protein family members were initially proposed to be PRRs, although this view has been challenged by reports that revealed their impact on other cellular mechanisms. Of relevance here, the human PYHIN factor myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) has recently been shown to directly control the transcription of genes encoding factors that regulate programmed cell death and inflammation. While MNDA is mainly found in the nucleus of leukocytes of both myeloid (neutrophils and monocytes) and lymphoid (B-cell) origin, its subcellular localization has been shown to be modulated in response to genotoxic agents that induce apoptosis and by bacterial constituents, mediators of inflammation. Prior studies have noted the importance of MNDA as a marker for certain forms of lymphoma, and as a clinical prognostic factor for hematopoietic diseases characterized by defective regulation of apoptosis. Abnormal expression of MNDA has also been associated with altered levels of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. Refining our comprehension of the regulatory mechanisms governing the expression of MNDA and other PYHIN proteins, as well as enhancing our definition of their molecular functions, could significantly influence the management and treatment strategies of numerous human diseases. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding PYHIN proteins and their role in innate and adaptive immune responses. Emphasis will be placed on the regulation, function, and relevance of MNDA expression in the control of gene transcription and RNA stability during cell death and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Bottardi
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Taylorjade Layne
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ailyn C. Ramòn
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Norreen Quansah
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hugo Wurtele
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - El Bachir Affar
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Milot
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de l’Est-de-l’Île de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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3
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Ainciburu M, Ezponda T, Berastegui N, Alfonso-Pierola A, Vilas-Zornoza A, San Martin-Uriz P, Alignani D, Lamo-Espinosa J, San-Julian M, Jiménez-Solas T, Lopez F, Muntion S, Sanchez-Guijo F, Molero A, Montoro J, Serrano G, Diaz-Mazkiaran A, Lasaga M, Gomez-Cabrero D, Diez-Campelo M, Valcarcel D, Hernaez M, Romero JP, Prosper F. Uncovering perturbations in human hematopoiesis associated with healthy aging and myeloid malignancies at single-cell resolution. eLife 2023; 12:79363. [PMID: 36629404 PMCID: PMC9904760 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Early hematopoiesis is a continuous process in which hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) gradually differentiate toward specific lineages. Aging and myeloid malignant transformation are characterized by changes in the composition and regulation of HSPCs. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize an enriched population of human HSPCs obtained from young and elderly healthy individuals. Based on their transcriptional profile, we identified changes in the proportions of progenitor compartments during aging, and differences in their functionality, as evidenced by gene set enrichment analysis. Trajectory inference revealed that altered gene expression dynamics accompanied cell differentiation, which could explain aging-associated changes in hematopoiesis. Next, we focused on key regulators of transcription by constructing gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and detected regulons that were specifically active in elderly individuals. Using previous findings in healthy cells as a reference, we analyzed scRNA-seq data obtained from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and detected specific alterations of the expression dynamics of genes involved in erythroid differentiation in all patients with MDS such as TRIB2. In addition, the comparison between transcriptional programs and GRNs regulating normal HSPCs and MDS HSPCs allowed identification of regulons that were specifically active in MDS cases such as SMAD1, HOXA6, POU2F2, and RUNX1 suggesting a role of these transcription factors (TFs) in the pathogenesis of the disease. In summary, we demonstrate that the combination of single-cell technologies with computational analysis tools enable the study of a variety of cellular mechanisms involved in complex biological systems such as early hematopoiesis and can be used to dissect perturbed differentiation trajectories associated with perturbations such as aging and malignant transformation. Furthermore, the identification of abnormal regulatory mechanisms associated with myeloid malignancies could be exploited for personalized therapeutic approaches in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ainciburu
- Area de Hemato-Oncología, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
| | - Teresa Ezponda
- Area de Hemato-Oncología, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
| | - Nerea Berastegui
- Area de Hemato-Oncología, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Ana Alfonso-Pierola
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
- Clinica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- Area de Hemato-Oncología, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
| | - Patxi San Martin-Uriz
- Area de Hemato-Oncología, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
| | - Diego Alignani
- Flow Cytometry Core, Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | | | | | | | - Felix Lopez
- Hospital Universitario de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Sandra Muntion
- Hospital Universitario de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Terapia Celular TerCel, ISCIII.MadridSpain
| | - Fermin Sanchez-Guijo
- Hospital Universitario de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Terapia Celular TerCel, ISCIII.MadridSpain
| | - Antonieta Molero
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital UniversitariBarcelonaSpain
| | - Julia Montoro
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital UniversitariBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Aintzane Diaz-Mazkiaran
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
- Computational Biology Program, Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Miren Lasaga
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, NavarraBiomedPamplonaSpain
| | - David Gomez-Cabrero
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, NavarraBiomedPamplonaSpain
- Biological & Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | | | - David Valcarcel
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital UniversitariBarcelonaSpain
| | - Mikel Hernaez
- Computational Biology Program, Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Juan P Romero
- Area de Hemato-Oncología, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Area de Hemato-Oncología, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de CáncerMadridSpain
- Clinica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain
- Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Terapia Celular TerCel, ISCIII.MadridSpain
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4
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Berastegui N, Ainciburu M, Romero JP, Garcia-Olloqui P, Alfonso-Pierola A, Philippe C, Vilas-Zornoza A, San Martin-Uriz P, Ruiz-Hernández R, Abarrategi A, Ordoñez R, Alignani D, Sarvide S, Castro-Labrador L, Lamo-Espinosa JM, San-Julian M, Jimenez T, López-Cadenas F, Muntion S, Sanchez-Guijo F, Molero A, Montoro MJ, Tazón B, Serrano G, Diaz-Mazkiaran A, Hernaez M, Huerga S, Bewicke-Copley F, Rio-Machin A, Maurano MT, Díez-Campelo M, Valcarcel D, Rouault-Pierre K, Lara-Astiaso D, Ezponda T, Prosper F. The transcription factor DDIT3 is a potential driver of dyserythropoiesis in myelodysplastic syndromes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7619. [PMID: 36494342 PMCID: PMC9734135 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) malignancies characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, with increased incidence in older individuals. Here we analyze the transcriptome of human HSCs purified from young and older healthy adults, as well as MDS patients, identifying transcriptional alterations following different patterns of expression. While aging-associated lesions seem to predispose HSCs to myeloid transformation, disease-specific alterations may trigger MDS development. Among MDS-specific lesions, we detect the upregulation of the transcription factor DNA Damage Inducible Transcript 3 (DDIT3). Overexpression of DDIT3 in human healthy HSCs induces an MDS-like transcriptional state, and dyserythropoiesis, an effect associated with a failure in the activation of transcriptional programs required for normal erythroid differentiation. Moreover, DDIT3 knockdown in CD34+ cells from MDS patients with anemia is able to restore erythropoiesis. These results identify DDIT3 as a driver of dyserythropoiesis, and a potential therapeutic target to restore the inefficient erythroid differentiation characterizing MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Berastegui
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Ainciburu
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan P. Romero
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Garcia-Olloqui
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alfonso-Pierola
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.411730.00000 0001 2191 685XDepartment of Hematology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra and CCUN, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Céline Philippe
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Department of Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, England UK
| | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patxi San Martin-Uriz
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Raquel Ruiz-Hernández
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ander Abarrategi
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastian, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Raquel Ordoñez
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Diego Alignani
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarai Sarvide
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Castro-Labrador
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Lamo-Espinosa
- grid.411730.00000 0001 2191 685XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra and CCUN, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mikel San-Julian
- grid.411730.00000 0001 2191 685XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra and CCUN, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Jimenez
- grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Félix López-Cadenas
- grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra Muntion
- grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fermin Sanchez-Guijo
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonieta Molero
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Julia Montoro
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bárbara Tazón
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Serrano
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Computational Biology Program, Institute for data science and artificial intelligence (datai), CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Navarra, Spain
| | - Aintzane Diaz-Mazkiaran
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Computational Biology Program, Institute for data science and artificial intelligence (datai), CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Navarra, Spain
| | - Mikel Hernaez
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Computational Biology Program, Institute for data science and artificial intelligence (datai), CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Navarra, Spain
| | - Sofía Huerga
- grid.411730.00000 0001 2191 685XDepartment of Hematology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra and CCUN, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Findlay Bewicke-Copley
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ana Rio-Machin
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Matthew T. Maurano
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - María Díez-Campelo
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Valcarcel
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kevin Rouault-Pierre
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Department of Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, England UK
| | - David Lara-Astiaso
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Teresa Ezponda
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Prosper
- grid.508840.10000 0004 7662 6114Department of Hematology-Oncology, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.411730.00000 0001 2191 685XDepartment of Hematology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra and CCUN, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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5
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Barakos GP, Hatzimichael E. Microenvironmental Features Driving Immune Evasion in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10020033. [PMID: 35735633 PMCID: PMC9221594 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow, besides the known functions of hematopoiesis, is an active organ of the immune system, functioning as a sanctuary for several mature immune cells. Moreover, evidence suggests that hematopoietic stem cells (the bone marrow’s functional unit) are capable of directly sensing and responding to an array of exogenous stimuli. This chronic immune stimulation is harmful to normal hematopoietic stem cells, while essential for the propagation of myeloid diseases, which show a dysregulated immune microenvironment. The bone marrow microenvironment in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is characterized by chronic inflammatory activity and immune dysfunction, that drive excessive cellular death and through immune evasion assist in cancer cell expansion. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is another example of immune response failure, with features that augment immune evasion and suppression. In this review, we will outline some of the functions of the bone marrow with immunological significance and describe the alterations in the immune landscape of MDS and AML that drive disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Petros Barakos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Piraeus “Tzaneio”, 18536 Piraeus, Greece;
| | - Eleftheria Hatzimichael
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
- Correspondence:
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6
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Inflammation and myeloid malignancy: Quenching the flame. Blood 2022; 140:1067-1074. [PMID: 35468199 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021015162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation with aging ("inflammaging") plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies. Aberrant inflammatory activity impacts many different cells in the marrow, including normal blood and stromal marrow elements and leukemic cells, in unique and distinct ways. Inflammation can promote selective clonal expansion through differential immune-mediated suppression of normal hematopoietic cells and malignant clones. We review these complex roles, how they can be understood by separating cell-intrinsic from extrinsic effects, and how this informs future clinical trials.
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7
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cell intrinsic and extrinsic perturbations to inflammatory signaling pathways are a hallmark of development and progression of hematologic malignancies. The interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinases (IRAKs) are a family of related signaling intermediates (IRAK1, IRAK2, IRAK3, IRAK4) that operate at the nexus of multiple inflammatory pathways implicated in the hematologic malignancies. In this review, we explicate the oncogenic role of these kinases and review recent therapeutic advances in the dawning era of IRAK-targeted therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging evidence places IRAK signaling at the confluence of adaptive resistance and oncogenesis in the hematologic malignancies and solid tissue tumors. Preclinical investigations nominate the IRAK kinases as targetable molecular dependencies in diverse cancers. SUMMARY IRAK-targeted therapies that have matriculated to early phase trials are yielding promising preliminary results. However, studies of IRAK kinase signaling continue to defy conventional signaling models and raise questions as to the design of optimal treatment strategies. Efforts to refine IRAK signaling mechanisms in the malignant context will inspire deliberate IRAK-targeted drug development and informed combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Bennett
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Cancer Biology
| | - Daniel T. Starczynowski
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Cancer Biology
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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8
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Apodaca-Chávez E, Demichelis-Gómez R, Rosas-López A, Mejía-Domínguez NR, Galvan-López I, Addorosio M, Tracey KJ, Valdés-Ferrer SI. Circulating HMGB1 is increased in myelodysplastic syndrome but not in other bone marrow failure syndromes: proof-of-concept cross-sectional study. Ther Adv Hematol 2022; 13:20406207221125990. [PMID: 36246421 PMCID: PMC9554121 DOI: 10.1177/20406207221125990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is associated with persistent immune activation. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous, functionally diverse, non-histone intranuclear protein. During acute and chronic inflammatory states, HMGB1 is actively released by inflammatory cells, further amplifying the inflammatory response. A role in MDS and other hypoplastic bone marrow (BM) disorders is incompletely understood. Objectives The objective of the study is to evaluate whether circulating HMGB1 is elevated in patients with MDS and other BM failure syndromes [namely, aplastic anemia (AA) and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)]. Design This is a observational, cross-sectional, single-center, exploratory study. Methods We evaluated circulating concentrations of HMGB1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in patients with MDS and age-matched hematologically healthy controls as well as patients with AA and PNH. Results We included 66 patients with MDS and 65 age-matched controls as well as 44 patients with other BM failures (AA = 27, PNH = 17). Circulating levels of HMGB1 were higher in patients with MDS [median, 4.9 ng/ml; interquartile range (IQR): 2.3-8.1] than in AA (median, 2.6 ng/ml; IQR: 1.7-3.7), PNH (median, 1.7 ng/ml; IQR: 0.9-2.5), and age-matched healthy individuals (median, 1.9 ng/ml; IQR: 0.9-2.5) (p = 0.0001). We observed higher concentrations of HMGB1 in the very low/low-risk MDS patients than in the intermediate/high/very high-risk ones (p = 0.046). Finally, in comparison with patients with AA, those with hypocellular MDS (h-MDS) had significantly higher levels of circulating HMGB1 (n = 14; median concentration, 5.6 ng/ml, IQR: 2.8-7.3; p = 0.006). We determined a circulating HMGB1 value of 4.095 ng/ml as a diagnostic cutoff differentiator between h-MDS and AA. Conclusion These observations indicate that circulating HMGB1 is increased in patients with MDS. HMGB1 (but not IL-1β or TNF-α) differentiated between MDS and other BM failures, suggesting that HMGB1 may be mechanistically involved in MDS and a druggable target to decrease inflammation in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Apodaca-Chávez
- Departamento de Hematología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberta Demichelis-Gómez
- Departamento de Hematología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Rosas-López
- Departamento de Hematología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy R. Mejía-Domínguez
- Departamento de Hematología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isabela Galvan-López
- Departamento de Hematología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Meghan Addorosio
- Center for Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Kevin J. Tracey
- Center for Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
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9
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Differentiation therapy for myeloid malignancies: beyond cytotoxicity. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:193. [PMID: 34864823 PMCID: PMC8643352 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blocked cellular differentiation is a central pathologic feature of the myeloid malignancies, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Treatment regimens promoting differentiation have resulted in incredible cure rates in certain AML subtypes, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia. Over the past several years, we have seen many new therapies for MDS/AML enter clinical practice, including epigenetic therapies (e.g., 5-azacitidine), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors, fms-like kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitors, and lenalidomide for deletion 5q (del5q) MDS. Despite not being developed with the intent of manipulating differentiation, induction of differentiation is a major mechanism by which several of these novel agents function. In this review, we examine the new therapeutic landscape for these diseases, focusing on the role of hematopoietic differentiation and the impact of inflammation and aging. We review how current therapies in MDS/AML promote differentiation as a part of their therapeutic effect, and the cellular mechanisms by which this occurs. We then outline potential novel avenues to achieve differentiation in the myeloid malignancies for therapeutic purposes. This emerging body of knowledge about the importance of relieving differentiation blockade with anti-neoplastic therapies is important to understand how current novel agents function and may open avenues to developing new treatments that explicitly target cellular differentiation. Moving beyond cytotoxic agents has the potential to open new and unexpected avenues in the treatment of myeloid malignancies, hopefully providing more efficacy with reduced toxicity.
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10
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Bauer M, Vaxevanis C, Al-Ali HK, Jaekel N, Naumann CLH, Schaffrath J, Rau A, Seliger B, Wickenhauser C. Altered Spatial Composition of the Immune Cell Repertoire in Association to CD34 + Blasts in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020186. [PMID: 33430322 PMCID: PMC7825771 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite a relationship between immune dysregulation and the course of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has been discussed, a detailed understanding of this phenomenon is still missing. Therefore, multiplex analyses of bone marrow biopsies (BMB) from patients with MDS and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) were performed in order to determine the repertoire of lymphocyte subpopulations and their distance to CD34+ blasts. In MDS and sAML samples, the composition, quantity, and spatial proximity of immune cell subsets to CD34+ blasts were heterogeneous and correlated to the blast counts, but not to the genetics of the diseases, while in non-neoplastic BMB no CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells and only single MUM1p+ B/plasma cells were detected in a distance of ≤10 μm to CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPSC). We conclude that CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells are not part of the immediate surrounding of CD34+ HPSC. Abstract Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are caused by a stem cell failure and often include a dysfunction of the immune system. However, the relationship between spatial immune cell distribution within the bone marrow (BM), in relation to genetic features and the course of disease has not been analyzed in detail. Methods: Histotopography of immune cell subpopulations and their spatial distribution to CD34+ hematopoietic cells was determined by multispectral imaging (MSI) in 147 BM biopsies (BMB) from patients with MDS, secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML), and controls. Results: In MDS and sAML samples, a high inter-tumoral immune cell heterogeneity in spatial proximity to CD34+ blasts was found that was independent of genetic alterations, but correlated to blast counts. In controls, no CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells and only single MUM1p+ B/plasma cells were detected in an area of ≤10 μm to CD34+ HSPC. Conclusions: CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells are regularly seen in the 10 μm area around CD34+ blasts in MDS/sAML regardless of the course of the disease but lack in the surrounding of CD34+ HSPC in control samples. In addition, the frequencies of immune cell subsets in MDS and sAML BMB differ when compared to control BMB providing novel insights in immune deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bauer
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 14, 06112 Halle, Germany;
| | - Christoforos Vaxevanis
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (C.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.); (C.L.H.N.); (J.S.)
- Krukenberg Cancer Center, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany
| | - Nadja Jaekel
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.); (C.L.H.N.); (J.S.)
| | - Christin Le Hoa Naumann
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.); (C.L.H.N.); (J.S.)
| | - Judith Schaffrath
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Halle, 06112 Halle, Germany; (H.K.A.-A.); (N.J.); (C.L.H.N.); (J.S.)
| | - Achim Rau
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, 72016 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany; (C.V.); (B.S.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 14, 06112 Halle, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(345)-557-1281; Fax: +49-(345)-557-1295
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11
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Shahid M, Hermes EL, Chandra D, Tauseef M, Siddiqui MR, Faridi MH, Wu MX. Emerging Potential of Immediate Early Response Gene X-1 in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e009261. [PMID: 30373431 PMCID: PMC6404175 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.009261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesChicago State University College of PharmacyChicagoIL
| | - Erin L. Hermes
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesChicago State University College of PharmacyChicagoIL
| | - David Chandra
- The Wellman Center for PhotomedicineDepartment of DermatologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Mohammad Tauseef
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesChicago State University College of PharmacyChicagoIL
| | - M. Rizwan Siddiqui
- Department of PediatricsNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL
| | - M. Hafeez Faridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesChicago State University College of PharmacyChicagoIL
| | - Mei X. Wu
- The Wellman Center for PhotomedicineDepartment of DermatologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
- Division of Health Sciences and TechnologyHarvard‐Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA
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12
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Li J, Zhang W, Liu W, Rong J, Chen Y, Gu W, Zhang W. Association of Leukemia Target Genes Tet2, Bcl2, and Slc23a2 in Vitamin C Pathways. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:333-344. [PMID: 31467227 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin C has been used in combination with several target genes in the treatment of leukemia. Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase (Tet2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), and solute carrier family 23 member 2 (Slc23a2) are the major target genes in the treatment of leukemia and are relevant to vitamin C. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using whole-genome expression profiles from mouse livers, the expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL), correlation matrix, and gene network graph were constructed with probes from each of these three genes and with their relative genes. The function of key genes was examined by their pathways and reported information. The results indicated that although direct correlations among their expression levels were not strong, alternative connecting pathways were discovered. By comparing the expression levels of one probe with known sequences from each of the three genes, we identified several key genes, induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (Mcl1), far upstream element-binding protein 1 (Fubp1), and tumor protein D52-like 2 (Tpd52l2), which play important roles in acute lymphocytic leukemia and acute myelocytic leukemia. In conclusion, Alternative pathways and key genes that connect Tet2, Bcl2, and Slc23a2 for their therapeutic applications with vitamin C were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, U.S.A
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, U.S.A.,College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, U.S.A.,The First Hospital of Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Jarrett Rong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, U.S.A.,BSA Biology, Health Science Scholars Honors Program, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, U.S.A
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, U.S.A. .,Research Service, Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN, U.S.A
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, U.S.A. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
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13
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Sawada Y, Kikugawa T, Iio H, Sakakibara I, Yoshida S, Ikedo A, Yanagihara Y, Saeki N, Győrffy B, Kishida T, Okubo Y, Nakamura Y, Miyagi Y, Saika T, Imai Y. GPRC5A facilitates cell proliferation through cell cycle regulation and correlates with bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:1369-1382. [PMID: 31276604 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with progressive prostate cancers that are hormone refractory and/or have bone metastasis is poor. Multiple therapeutic targets to improve prostate cancer patient survival have been investigated, including orphan GPCRs. In our study, we identified G Protein-Coupled Receptor Class C Group 5 Member A (GPRC5A) as a candidate therapeutic molecule using integrative gene expression analyses of registered data sets for prostate cancer cell lines. Kaplan-Meier analysis of TCGA data sets revealed that patients who have high GPRC5A expression had significantly shorter overall survival. PC3 prostate cancer cells with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GPRC5A knockout exhibited significantly reduced cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq revealed that GPRC5A KO PC3 cells had dysregulated expression of cell cycle-related genes, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, the registered gene expression profile data set showed that the expression level of GPRC5A in original lesions of prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis was higher than that without bone metastasis. In fact, GPRC5A KO PC3 cells failed to establish bone metastasis in xenograft mice models. In addition, our clinical study revealed that GPRC5A expression levels in prostate cancer patient samples were significantly correlated with bone metastasis as well as the patient's Gleason score (GS). Combined assessment with the immunoreactivity of GPRC5A and GS displayed higher specificity for predicting the occurrence of bone metastasis. Together, our findings indicate that GPRC5A can be a possible therapeutic target and prognostic marker molecule for progressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Sawada
- Department of Urology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Department of Pathophysiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Kikugawa
- Department of Urology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iio
- Department of Urology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Department of Pathophysiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Iori Sakakibara
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yoshida
- Department of Pathophysiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Aoi Ikedo
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Yuta Yanagihara
- Department of Pathophysiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Division of Laboratory Animal Research, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Noritaka Saeki
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Division of Laboratory Animal Research, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University 2nd Dept. of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Takeshi Kishida
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Okubo
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Nakamura
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Saika
- Department of Urology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Yuuki Imai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.,Division of Laboratory Animal Research, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
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14
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Piazzi M, Bavelloni A, Gallo A, Faenza I, Blalock WL. Signal Transduction in Ribosome Biogenesis: A Recipe to Avoid Disaster. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112718. [PMID: 31163577 PMCID: PMC6600399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Energetically speaking, ribosome biogenesis is by far the most costly process of the cell and, therefore, must be highly regulated in order to avoid unnecessary energy expenditure. Not only must ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, ribosomal protein (RP) transcription, translation, and nuclear import, as well as ribosome assembly, be tightly controlled, these events must be coordinated with other cellular events, such as cell division and differentiation. In addition, ribosome biogenesis must respond rapidly to environmental cues mediated by internal and cell surface receptors, or stress (oxidative stress, DNA damage, amino acid depletion, etc.). This review examines some of the well-studied pathways known to control ribosome biogenesis (PI3K-AKT-mTOR, RB-p53, MYC) and how they may interact with some of the less well studied pathways (eIF2α kinase and RNA editing/splicing) in higher eukaryotes to regulate ribosome biogenesis, assembly, and protein translation in a dynamic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Piazzi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare-Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza, UOS Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), 40136 Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Angela Gallo
- RNA Editing Laboratory, Dipartimento di Oncoematologia, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrica Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Irene Faenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - William L Blalock
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare-Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza, UOS Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), 40136 Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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15
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Gilani JA, Ashfaq MA, Mansoor AER, Abdul Jabbar A, Siddiqui T, Khan M. Overview of the Mutational Landscape in Primary Myelofibrosis and Advances in Novel Therapeutics. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1691-1699. [PMID: 31244289 PMCID: PMC7021616 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.6.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Myelofibrosis is a BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasm with a variety of hematological presentations, including thrombosis, bleeding diathesis and marrow fibrosis. It is estimated to have an incidence of 1.5 per 100,000 people each year. Although JAK2 or MPL mutations are seen in PMF, several other mutations have recently been documented, including mutations in CALR, epigenetic regulators like TET, ASXL1, and 13q deletions. The identification of these mutations has improved the ability to develop novel treatment options. These include JAK inhibitors like ruxolitinib, heat shock protein-90 inhibitors like ganetespib, histone deacetylase inhibitors including panobinostat, pracinostat, vorinostat and givinostat, hypomethylating agents like decitabine, hedgehog inhibitors like glasdegib, PI3K, AKT and mTOR inhibitors like everolimus as well as telomerase inhibitors like imtelstat. Research on novel therapeutic options is being actively pursued in order to expand treatment options for primary myelofibrosis however currently, there is no curative therapy other than allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) which is possible in select patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maliha Khan
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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U2AF1 mutations induce oncogenic IRAK4 isoforms and activate innate immune pathways in myeloid malignancies. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:640-650. [PMID: 31011167 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Spliceosome mutations are common in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), but the oncogenic changes due to these mutations have not been identified. Here a global analysis of exon usage in AML samples revealed distinct molecular subsets containing alternative spliced isoforms of inflammatory and immune genes. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) was the dominant alternatively spliced isoform in MDS and AML and is characterized by a longer isoform that retains exon 4, which encodes IRAK4-long (IRAK4-L), a protein that assembles with the myddosome, results in maximal activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of B cells (NF-κB) and is essential for leukaemic cell function. Expression of IRAK4-L is mediated by mutant U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) and is associated with oncogenic signalling in MDS and AML. Inhibition of IRAK4-L abrogates leukaemic growth, particularly in AML cells with higher expression of the IRAK4-L isoform. Collectively, mutations in U2AF1 induce expression of therapeutically targetable 'active' IRAK4 isoforms and provide a genetic link to activation of chronic innate immune signalling in MDS and AML.
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17
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Chronic immune response dysregulation in MDS pathogenesis. Blood 2018; 132:1553-1560. [PMID: 30104218 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-784116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic innate immune signaling in hematopoietic cells is widely described in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and innate immune pathway activation, predominantly via pattern recognition receptors, increases the risk of developing MDS. An inflammatory component to MDS has been reported for many years, but only recently has evidence supported a more direct role of chronic innate immune signaling and associated inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of MDS. Here we review recent findings and discuss relevant questions related to chronic immune response dysregulation in MDS.
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18
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Uncoupling of CD71 shedding with mitochondrial clearance in reticulocytes in a subset of myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2018; 33:217-229. [PMID: 30050123 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reticulocytes shed CD71 from the cell membrane and eliminate mitochondria during terminal maturation, but it is unknown whether these two events are coordinated. We demonstrate that timely removal of CD71 is coupled with mitochondrial clearance, which can be disrupted by null mutation of immediate early response gene X-1 (IEX-1), leading to generation of aberrant CD71-positive and mitochondria-negative (CD71+Mito-) reticulocytes. CD71+Mito- reticulocytes were also present in a subset of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in direct proportion to reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm). Mitochondrial abnormality caused by either IEX-1 deficiency or agents that dissipate ∆ψm could trigger premature clearance of mitochondria in reticulocytes. Premature clearance of mitochondria or addition of anti-oxidants lowered intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that in turn hindered CD71 shedding and reticulocyte maturation. In contrast, introduction of ROS accelerated CD71 shedding via release of exosomes that contained a high proportion of Fe3+ over Fe2+, suggesting dual functions of CD71 shedding both in removal of toxic Fe3+ from reticulocytes and in limiting importation of Fe3+ into the cells. These observations emphasize the coordination of mitochondrial and CD71 clearance in erythroid terminal maturation and offer new insights into a role for mitochondrial degeneration in the pathogenesis of some MDS-associated anemia.
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19
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Quan XX, Hawk NV, Chen W, Coupar J, Lee SK, Petersen DW, Meltzer PS, Montemarano A, Braun M, Chen Z, Van Waes C. Targeting Notch1 and IKKα Enhanced NF-κB Activation in CD133 + Skin Cancer Stem Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2034-2048. [PMID: 29959199 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells are hypothesized to be the major tumor-initiating cell population of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), but the landscape of molecular alterations underpinning their signaling and cellular phenotypes as drug targets remains undefined. In this study, we developed an experimental pipeline to isolate a highly enriched CD133+CD31-CD45-CD61-CD24- (CD133+) cell population from primary cSCC specimens by flow cytometry. The CD133+ cells show enhanced stem-like phenotypes, which were verified by spheroid and colony formation in vitro and tumor generation in vivo Gene expression profiling of CD133+/- cells was compared and validated, and differentially expressed gene signatures and top pathways were identified. CD133+ cells expressed a repertoire of stemness and cancer-related genes, including NOTCH and NOTCH1-mediated NF-κB pathway signaling. Other cancer-related genes from WNT, growth factor receptors, PI3K/mTOR, STAT pathways, and chromatin modifiers were also identified. Pharmacologic and genetic targeting of NOTCH1, IKKα, RELA, and RELB modulated NF-κB transactivation, the CD133+ population, and cellular and stemness phenotypes. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed colocalization of CD133+ and IKKα expression in SCC tumor specimens. Our functional, genetic, and pharmacologic studies uncovered a novel linkage between NOTCH1, IKKα, and NF-κB pathway activation in maintaining the CD133+ stem SCC phenotypes. Studies investigating markers of activation and modulators of NOTCH, IKK/NF-κB, and other pathways regulating these cancer stem gene signatures could further accelerate the development of effective therapeutic strategies to treat cSCC recurrence and metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(9); 2034-48. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xin Quan
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nga Voong Hawk
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Weiping Chen
- Microarray Core Facility, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jamie Coupar
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven K Lee
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Martin Braun
- Braun Dermatology Associates, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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20
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Srsf2P95H initiates myeloid bias and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative syndrome from hemopoietic stem cells. Blood 2018; 132:608-621. [PMID: 29903888 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-04-845602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in SRSF2 occur in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). SRSF2 mutations cluster at proline 95, with the most frequent mutation being a histidine (P95H) substitution. They undergo positive selection, arise early in the course of disease, and have been identified in age-related clonal hemopoiesis. It is not clear how mutation of SRSF2 modifies hemopoiesis or contributes to the development of myeloid bias or MDS/MPN. Two prior mouse models of Srsf2P95H mutation have been reported; however, these models do not recapitulate many of the clinical features of SRSF2-mutant disease and relied on bone marrow (BM) transplantation stress to elicit the reported phenotypes. We describe a new conditional murine Srsf2P95H mutation model, where the P95H mutation is expressed physiologically and heterozygously from its endogenous locus after Cre activation. Using multiple Cre lines, we demonstrate that during native hemopoiesis (ie, no BM transplantation), the Srsf2P95H mutation needs to occur within the hemopoietic stem-cell-containing populations to promote myelomonocytic bias and expansion with corresponding transcriptional and RNA splicing changes. With age, nontransplanted Srsf2P95H animals developed a progressive, transplantable disease characterized by myeloid bias, morphological dysplasia, and monocytosis, hallmarks of MDS/MPN in humans. Analysis of cooccurring mutations within the BM demonstrated the acquisition of additional mutations that are recurrent in humans with SRSF2 mutations. The tractable Srsf2P95H/+ knock-in model we have generated is highly relevant to human disease and will serve to elucidate the effect of SRSF2 mutations on initiation and maintenance of MDS/MPN.
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21
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Im H, Rao V, Sridhar K, Bentley J, Mishra T, Chen R, Hall J, Graber A, Zhang Y, Li X, Mias GI, Snyder MP, Greenberg PL. Distinct transcriptomic and exomic abnormalities within myelodysplastic syndrome marrow cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 59:2952-2962. [PMID: 29616851 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1452210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To provide biologic insights into mechanisms underlying myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) we evaluated the CD34+ marrow cells transcriptome using high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). We demonstrated significant differential gene expression profiles (GEPs) between MDS and normal and identified 41 disease classifier genes. Additionally, two main clusters of GEPs distinguished patients based on their major clinical features, particularly between those whose disease remained stable versus patients who transformed into acute myeloid leukemia within 12 months. The genes whose expression was associated with disease outcome were involved in functional pathways and biologic processes highly relevant for MDS. Combined with exomic analysis we identified differential isoform usage of genes in MDS mutational subgroups, with consequent dysregulation of distinct biologic functions. This combination of clinical, transcriptomic and exomic findings provides valuable understanding of mechanisms underlying MDS and its progression to a more aggressive stage and also facilitates prognostic characterization of MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hogune Im
- a Department of Genetics , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Varsha Rao
- a Department of Genetics , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Kunju Sridhar
- b Hematology Division , Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Jason Bentley
- c Quantitative Science Unit , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Tejaswini Mishra
- a Department of Genetics , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Rui Chen
- a Department of Genetics , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Jeff Hall
- d Genoptix Inc. , Carlsbad , CA , USA
| | | | - Yan Zhang
- e Department of Hematology , Jiaotong University, 6th Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiao Li
- e Department of Hematology , Jiaotong University, 6th Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - George I Mias
- f Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI , USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- a Department of Genetics , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Peter L Greenberg
- b Hematology Division , Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute , Stanford , CA , USA
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22
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Hsp90 Inhibition Reduces TLR5 Surface Expression and NF- κB Activation in Human Myeloid Leukemia THP-1 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4319369. [PMID: 29651431 PMCID: PMC5832108 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4319369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumors highly express active heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), which is involved in tumor survival and progression. Enhanced Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 expression and signaling were reported to be associated with acute myeloid leukemia. In the present study, we investigated the possible modulatory effects of Hsp90 inhibitors on TLR5 expression and signaling in the human myeloid leukemia cell line THP-1. Cells were pretreated with various concentrations of the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA) or the Hsp70 inhibitor VER155008, followed by stimulation with bacterial flagellin. Flagellin-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation was significantly reduced by treatment with GA or VER155008. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of this effect, mRNA and cell surface expression of TLR5 was examined. TLR5 mRNA expression was enhanced by both GA and VER155008, whereas cell surface expression of TLR5 was reduced by three different Hsp90 inhibitors, including GA, 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin, and radicicol, and an Hsp70 inhibitor. The inhibitory effect of Hsp90 inhibitors was much higher than that of Hsp70 inhibitor. Our results suggest that Hsp90 inhibitors suppress TLR5 surface expression and activation of NF-κB in THP-1 cells in response to TLR5 ligand, and these inhibitory effects may be associated with the possible mechanisms by which Hsp90 inhibitors suppress myeloid leukemia.
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23
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Hemmati S, Haque T, Gritsman K. Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Preleukemic and Leukemic Stem Cells. Front Oncol 2017; 7:265. [PMID: 29181334 PMCID: PMC5693908 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a rare subset of bone marrow cells that usually exist in a quiescent state, only entering the cell cycle to replenish the blood compartment, thereby limiting the potential for errors in replication. Inflammatory signals that are released in response to environmental stressors, such as infection, trigger active cycling of HSCs. These inflammatory signals can also directly induce HSCs to release cytokines into the bone marrow environment, promoting myeloid differentiation. After stress myelopoiesis is triggered, HSCs require intracellular signaling programs to deactivate this response and return to steady state. Prolonged or excessive exposure to inflammatory cytokines, such as in prolonged infection or in chronic rheumatologic conditions, can lead to continued HSC cycling and eventual HSC loss. This promotes bone marrow failure, and can precipitate preleukemic states or leukemia through the acquisition of genetic and epigenetic changes in HSCs. This can occur through the initiation of clonal hematopoiesis, followed by the emergence preleukemic stem cells (pre-LSCs). In this review, we describe the roles of multiple inflammatory signaling pathways in the generation of pre-LSCs and in progression to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In AML, activation of some inflammatory signaling pathways can promote the cycling and differentiation of LSCs, and this can be exploited therapeutically. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of modulating inflammatory signaling for the treatment of myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayda Hemmati
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Tamanna Haque
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Kira Gritsman
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
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24
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Valent P, Orazi A, Steensma DP, Ebert BL, Haase D, Malcovati L, van de Loosdrecht AA, Haferlach T, Westers TM, Wells DA, Giagounidis A, Loken M, Orfao A, Lübbert M, Ganser A, Hofmann WK, Ogata K, Schanz J, Béné MC, Hoermann G, Sperr WR, Sotlar K, Bettelheim P, Stauder R, Pfeilstöcker M, Horny HP, Germing U, Greenberg P, Bennett JM. Proposed minimal diagnostic criteria for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and potential pre-MDS conditions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73483-73500. [PMID: 29088721 PMCID: PMC5650276 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms characterized by peripheral cytopenia, dysplasia, and a variable clinical course with about 30% risk to transform to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the past 15 years, diagnostic evaluations, prognostication, and treatment of MDS have improved substantially. However, with the discovery of molecular markers and advent of novel targeted therapies, new challenges have emerged in the complex field of MDS. For example, MDS-related molecular lesions may be detectable in healthy individuals and increase in prevalence with age. Other patients exhibit persistent cytopenia of unknown etiology without dysplasia. Although these conditions are potential pre-phases of MDS they may also transform into other bone marrow neoplasms. Recently identified molecular, cytogenetic, and flow-based parameters may add in the delineation and prognostication of these conditions. However, no generally accepted integrated classification and no related criteria are as yet available. In an attempt to address this challenge, an international consensus group discussed these issues in a working conference in July 2016. The outcomes of this conference are summarized in the present article which includes criteria and a proposal for the classification of pre-MDS conditions as well as updated minimal diagnostic criteria of MDS. Moreover, we propose diagnostic standards to delineate between ´normal´, pre-MDS, and MDS. These standards and criteria should facilitate diagnostic and prognostic evaluations in clinical studies as well as in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attilio Orazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David P Steensma
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Detlef Haase
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Universitymedicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luca Malcovati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Arjan A van de Loosdrecht
- Department of Hematology Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Theresia M Westers
- Department of Hematology Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Orfao
- Servicio Central de Citometría, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (IBMCC, CSIC-USAL) and IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Michael Lübbert
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolf-Karsten Hofmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kiyoyuki Ogata
- Metropolitan Research and Treatment Center for Blood Disorders (MRTC Japan), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Julie Schanz
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Universitymedicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marie C Béné
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang R Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Reinhard Stauder
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology and Oncology) Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Hans-Peter Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - John M Bennett
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Unit and James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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25
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Cull AH, Rauh MJ. Success in bone marrow failure? Novel therapeutic directions based on the immune environment of myelodysplastic syndromes. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:209-219. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5ri0317-083r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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26
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Stem and progenitor cell alterations in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 2017; 129:1586-1594. [PMID: 28159737 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-10-696062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) arise from a small population of disease-initiating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that persist and expand through conventional therapies and are major contributors to disease progression and relapse. MDS stem and progenitor cells are characterized by key founder and driver mutations and are enriched for cytogenetic alterations. Quantitative alterations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) numbers are also seen in a stage-specific manner in human MDS samples as well as in murine models of the disease. Overexpression of several markers such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), CD99, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3, and CD123 have begun to differentiate MDS HSPCs from healthy counterparts. Overactivation of innate immune components such as Toll-like receptors, IL-1 receptor-associated kinase/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-6, IL8/CXCR2, and IL1RAP signaling pathways has been demonstrated in MDS HSPCs and is being targeted therapeutically in preclinical and early clinical studies. Other dysregulated pathways such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulinlike and EGF-like domains 1/angiopoietin-1, p21-activated kinase, microRNA 21, and transforming growth factor β are also being explored as therapeutic targets against MDS HSPCs. Taken together, these studies have demonstrated that MDS stem cells are functionally critical for the initiation, transformation, and relapse of disease and need to be targeted therapeutically for future curative strategies in MDSs.
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27
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Roversi FM, Pericole FV, Machado-Neto JA, da Silva Santos Duarte A, Longhini AL, Corrocher FA, Palodetto B, Ferro KP, Rosa RG, Baratti MO, Verjovski-Almeida S, Traina F, Molinari A, Botta M, Saad STO. Hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) is a potential therapeutic target for dysplastic and leukemic cells due to integration of erythropoietin/PI3K pathway and regulation of erythropoiesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:450-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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The NLRP3 inflammasome functions as a driver of the myelodysplastic syndrome phenotype. Blood 2016; 128:2960-2975. [PMID: 27737891 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-07-730556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite genetic heterogeneity, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) share features of cytological dysplasia and ineffective hematopoiesis. We report that a hallmark of MDSs is activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which drives clonal expansion and pyroptotic cell death. Independent of genotype, MDS hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) overexpress inflammasome proteins and manifest activated NLRP3 complexes that direct activation of caspase-1, generation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, and pyroptotic cell death. Mechanistically, pyroptosis is triggered by the alarmin S100A9 that is found in excess in MDS HSPCs and bone marrow plasma. Further, like somatic gene mutations, S100A9-induced signaling activates NADPH oxidase (NOX), increasing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that initiate cation influx, cell swelling, and β-catenin activation. Notably, knockdown of NLRP3 or caspase-1, neutralization of S100A9, and pharmacologic inhibition of NLRP3 or NOX suppress pyroptosis, ROS generation, and nuclear β-catenin in MDSs and are sufficient to restore effective hematopoiesis. Thus, alarmins and founder gene mutations in MDSs license a common redox-sensitive inflammasome circuit, which suggests new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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29
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Monlish DA, Bhatt ST, Schuettpelz LG. The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Hematopoietic Malignancies. Front Immunol 2016; 7:390. [PMID: 27733853 PMCID: PMC5039188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors that shape the innate immune system by identifying pathogen-associated molecular patterns and host-derived damage-associated molecular patterns. TLRs are widely expressed on both immune cells and non-immune cells, including hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, effector immune cell populations, and endothelial cells. In addition to their well-known role in the innate immune response to acute infection or injury, accumulating evidence supports a role for TLRs in the development of hematopoietic and other malignancies. Several hematopoietic disorders, including lymphoproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes, which possess a high risk of transformation to leukemia, have been linked to aberrant TLR signaling. Furthermore, activation of TLRs leads to the induction of a number of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which can promote tumorigenesis by driving cell proliferation and migration and providing a favorable microenvironment for tumor cells. Beyond hematopoietic malignancies, the upregulation of a number of TLRs has been linked to promoting tumor cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis in a variety of cancers, including those of the colon, breast, and lung. This review focuses on the contribution of TLRs to hematopoietic malignancies, highlighting the known direct and indirect effects of TLR signaling on tumor cells and their microenvironment. In addition, the utility of TLR agonists and antagonists as potential therapeutics in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene A Monlish
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA
| | - Sima T Bhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA
| | - Laura G Schuettpelz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA
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Zhou H, Telonis AG, Jing Y, Xia NL, Biederman L, Jimbo M, Blanco F, Londin E, Brody JR, Rigoutsos I. GPRC5A is a potential oncogene in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells that is upregulated by gemcitabine with help from HuR. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2294. [PMID: 27415424 PMCID: PMC4973341 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
GPRC5A is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor with an intriguing dual behavior, acting as an oncogene in some cancers and as a tumor suppressor in other cancers. In the pancreatic cancer context, very little is known about GPRC5A. By analyzing messenger RNA (mRNA) expression data from 675 human cancer cell lines and 10 609 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) we found that GPRC5A's abundance in pancreatic cancer is highest (cell lines) or second highest (TCGA) among all tissues and cancer types. Further analyses of an independent set of 252 pancreatic normal and cancer samples showed GPRC5A mRNA to be more than twofold upregulated in primary tumor samples compared with normal pancreas (P-value<10−5), and even further upregulated in pancreatic cancer metastases to various organs (P-value=0.0021). Immunostaining of 208 cores (103 samples) of a tissue microarray showed generally low expression of GPRC5A protein in normal pancreatic ductal cells; on the other hand, in primary and metastatic samples, GPRC5A protein levels were dramatically increased in pancreatic ductal cells. In vitro studies of multiple pancreatic cancer cell lines showed that an increase in GPRC5A protein levels promoted pancreatic cancer cell growth and migration. Unexpectedly, when we treated pancreatic cancer cell lines with gemcitabine (2′,2′-difluorodeoxycytidine), we observed an increase in GPRC5A protein abundance. On the other hand, when we knocked down GPRC5A we sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine. Through further experimentation we showed that the monotonic increase in GPRC5A protein levels that we observe for the first 18 h following gemcitabine treatment results from interactions between GPRC5A's mRNA and the RNA-binding protein HuR, which is an established key mediator of gemcitabine's efficacy in cancer cells. As we discovered, the interaction between GPRC5A and HuR is mediated by at least one HuR-binding site in GPRC5A's mRNA. Our findings indicate that GPRC5A is part of a complex molecular axis that involves gemcitabine and HuR, and, possibly, other genes. Further work is warranted before it can be established unequivocally that GPRC5A is an oncogene in the pancreatic cancer context.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - A G Telonis
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Y Jing
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - N L Xia
- Department of Neuroscience and The Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - L Biederman
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - M Jimbo
- Department of Surgery, The Jefferson Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - F Blanco
- Department of Surgery, The Jefferson Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - E Londin
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - J R Brody
- Department of Surgery, The Jefferson Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - I Rigoutsos
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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31
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Herman AC, Monlish DA, Romine MP, Bhatt ST, Zippel S, Schuettpelz LG. Systemic TLR2 agonist exposure regulates hematopoietic stem cells via cell-autonomous and cell-non-autonomous mechanisms. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e437. [PMID: 27315114 PMCID: PMC5141360 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a member of the TLR family of receptors that play a central role in innate immunity. In addition to regulating effector immune cells, where it recognizes a wide variety of pathogen-associated and nonpathogen-associated endogenous ligands, TLR2 is expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Its role in HSCs, however, is not well understood. Furthermore, augmented TLR2 signaling is associated with myelodysplastic syndrome, an HSC disorder characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and a high risk of transformation to leukemia, suggesting that aberrant signaling through this receptor may have clinically significant effects on HSCs. Herein, we show that systemic exposure of mice to a TLR2 agonist leads to an expansion of bone marrow and spleen phenotypic HSCs and progenitors, but a loss of HSC self-renewal capacity. Treatment of chimeric animals shows that these effects are largely cell non-autonomous, with a minor contribution from cell-autonomous TLR2 signaling, and are in part mediated by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor-α. Together, these data suggest that TLR2 ligand exposure influences HSC cycling and function via unique mechanisms from TLR4, and support an important role for TLR2 in the regulation of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Herman
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - D A Monlish
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - M P Romine
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - S T Bhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - S Zippel
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - L G Schuettpelz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Basiorka AA, McGraw KL, De Ceuninck L, Griner LN, Zhang L, Clark JA, Caceres G, Sokol L, Komrokji RS, Reuther GW, Wei S, Tavernier J, List AF. Lenalidomide Stabilizes the Erythropoietin Receptor by Inhibiting the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF41. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3531-40. [PMID: 27197154 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In a subset of patients with non-del(5q) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), lenalidomide promotes erythroid lineage competence and effective erythropoiesis. To determine the mechanism by which lenalidomide promotes erythropoiesis, we investigated its action on erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) cellular dynamics. Lenalidomide upregulated expression and stability of JAK2-associated EpoR in UT7 erythroid cells and primary CD71+ erythroid progenitors. The effects of lenalidomide on receptor turnover were Type I cytokine receptor specific, as evidenced by coregulation of the IL3-Rα receptor but not c-Kit. To elucidate this mechanism, we investigated the effects of lenalidomide on the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF41. Lenalidomide promoted EpoR/RNF41 association and inhibited RNF41 auto-ubiquitination, accompanied by a reduction in EpoR ubiquitination. To confirm that RNF41 is the principal target responsible for EpoR stabilization, HEK293T cells were transfected with EpoR and/or RNF41 gene expression vectors. Steady-state EpoR expression was reduced in EpoR/RNF41 cells, whereas EpoR upregulation by lenalidomide was abrogated, indicating that cellular RNF41 is a critical determinant of drug-induced receptor modulation. Notably, shRNA suppression of CRBN gene expression failed to alter EpoR upregulation, indicating that drug-induced receptor modulation is independent of cereblon. Immunohistochemical staining showed that RNF41 expression decreased in primary erythroid cells of lenalidomide-responding patients, suggesting that cellular RNF41 expression merits investigation as a biomarker for lenalidomide response. Our findings indicate that lenalidomide has E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibitory effects that extend to RNF41 and that inhibition of RNF41 auto-ubiquitination promotes membrane accumulation of signaling competent JAK2/EpoR complexes that augment Epo responsiveness. Cancer Res; 76(12); 3531-40. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Basiorka
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and the Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kathy L McGraw
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Leentje De Ceuninck
- VIB Department of Medical Protein Research, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lori N Griner
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Justine A Clark
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gisela Caceres
- Morsani Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lubomir Sokol
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rami S Komrokji
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gary W Reuther
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jan Tavernier
- VIB Department of Medical Protein Research, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alan F List
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
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Beauverd Y, McLornan DP, Harrison CN. Pacritinib: a new agent for the management of myelofibrosis? Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 16:2381-90. [PMID: 26389774 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1088831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myelofibrosis (MF) is a clonal haematological disease associated with recurrent somatic gene mutations (JAK2V617F, MPL, CALR) and constitutive activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription pathway. MF is often characterised by debilitating symptoms and JAK inhibitors (JAKIs) have revolutionised available therapeutic options. Ruxolitinib, a JAK1 and 2 inhibitor, is the only currently approved agent. Several other JAKIs are undergoing evaluation in the clinical trial setting and Pacritinib , a novel JAK2 and FLT3 inhibitor, is at an advanced stage of investigation with recent completion of a Phase III trial and another ongoing. AREAS COVERED Within this article we focus on pacritinib, summarising the development, preclinical and up-to-date results from the Phase I - III trials. We present the most recent data on efficacy and safety and indirectly compare this novel JAKI with ruxolitinib. EXPERT OPINION The kinome array data for pacritinib suggests that it has a range of targets differing to those for ruxolitinib. Pacritinib appears to be an effective agent for the control of MF-related symptoms and splenomegaly with potentially fewer haematological side-effects when compared with ruxolitinib and seems a particularly promising agent for anaemic and thrombocytopenic patients. It is also an attractive drug for potential combination studies due to its good tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Beauverd
- a 1 Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Haematology , London, UK
| | - Donal P McLornan
- a 1 Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Haematology , London, UK.,b 2 King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Haematological Medicine , London, UK
| | - Claire N Harrison
- c 3 Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Haematology , London, UK
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Dutta P, Sager HB, Stengel KR, Naxerova K, Courties G, Saez B, Silberstein L, Heidt T, Sebas M, Sun Y, Wojtkiewicz G, Feruglio PF, King K, Baker JN, van der Laan AM, Borodovsky A, Fitzgerald K, Hulsmans M, Hoyer F, Iwamoto Y, Vinegoni C, Brown D, Di Carli M, Libby P, Hiebert SW, Scadden DT, Swirski FK, Weissleder R, Nahrendorf M. Myocardial Infarction Activates CCR2(+) Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2016; 16:477-87. [PMID: 25957903 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Following myocardial infarction (MI), myeloid cells derived from the hematopoietic system drive a sharp increase in systemic leukocyte levels that correlates closely with mortality. The origin of these myeloid cells, and the response of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to MI, however, is unclear. Here, we identify a CCR2(+)CD150(+)CD48(-) LSK hematopoietic subset as the most upstream contributor to emergency myelopoiesis after ischemic organ injury. This subset has 4-fold higher proliferation rates than CCR2(-)CD150(+)CD48(-) LSK cells, displays a myeloid differentiation bias, and dominates the migratory HSPC population. We further demonstrate that the myeloid translocation gene 16 (Mtg16) regulates CCR2(+) HSPC emergence. Mtg16(-/-) mice have decreased levels of systemic monocytes and infarct-associated macrophages and display compromised tissue healing and post-MI heart failure. Together, these data provide insights into regulation of emergency hematopoiesis after ischemic injury and identify potential therapeutic targets to modulate leukocyte output after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Dutta
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Hendrik B Sager
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kristy R Stengel
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02144, USA
| | - Gabriel Courties
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Borja Saez
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lev Silberstein
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Timo Heidt
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Matthew Sebas
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yuan Sun
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gregory Wojtkiewicz
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Paolo Fumene Feruglio
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kevin King
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Joshua N Baker
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02144, USA
| | - Anja M van der Laan
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Borodovsky
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 300 Third Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kevin Fitzgerald
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 300 Third Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Maarten Hulsmans
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Friedrich Hoyer
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yoshiko Iwamoto
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Claudio Vinegoni
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dennis Brown
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marcelo Di Carli
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Libby
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Scott W Hiebert
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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35
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Somasundaram V, Soni S, Chopra A, Rai S, Mahapatra M, Kumar R, Pati H. Value of Quantitative assessment of Myeloid Nuclear Differentiation Antigen expression and other flow cytometric parameters in the diagnosis of Myelodysplastic syndrome. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:141-50. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Somasundaram
- Department of Haematology; IRCH; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi India
| | - S. Soni
- Department of Laboratory Oncology; IRCH; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi India
| | - A. Chopra
- Department of Laboratory Oncology; IRCH; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi India
| | - S. Rai
- Department of Laboratory Oncology; IRCH; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi India
| | - M. Mahapatra
- Department of Haematology; IRCH; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi India
| | - R. Kumar
- Department of Laboratory Oncology; IRCH; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi India
| | - H. Pati
- Department of Haematology; IRCH; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; New Delhi India
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Guerenne L, Beurlet S, Said M, Gorombei P, Le Pogam C, Guidez F, de la Grange P, Omidvar N, Vanneaux V, Mills K, Mufti GJ, Sarda-Mantel L, Noguera ME, Pla M, Fenaux P, Padua RA, Chomienne C, Krief P. GEP analysis validates high risk MDS and acute myeloid leukemia post MDS mice models and highlights novel dysregulated pathways. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:5. [PMID: 26817437 PMCID: PMC4728810 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In spite of the recent discovery of genetic mutations in most myelodysplasic (MDS) patients, the pathophysiology of these disorders still remains poorly understood, and only few in vivo models are available to help unravel the disease. Methods We performed global specific gene expression profiling and functional pathway analysis in purified Sca1+ cells of two MDS transgenic mouse models that mimic human high-risk MDS (HR-MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) post MDS, with NRASD12 and BCL2 transgenes under the control of different promoters MRP8NRASD12/tethBCL-2 or MRP8[NRASD12/hBCL-2], respectively. Results Analysis of dysregulated genes that were unique to the diseased HR-MDS and AML post MDS mice and not their founder mice pointed first to pathways that had previously been reported in MDS patients, including DNA replication/damage/repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, immune responses, and canonical Wnt pathways, further validating these models at the gene expression level. Interestingly, pathways not previously reported in MDS were discovered. These included dysregulated genes of noncanonical Wnt pathways and energy and lipid metabolisms. These dysregulated genes were not only confirmed in a different independent set of BM and spleen Sca1+ cells from the MDS mice but also in MDS CD34+ BM patient samples. Conclusions These two MDS models may thus provide useful preclinical models to target pathways previously identified in MDS patients and to unravel novel pathways highlighted by this study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0235-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guerenne
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France.
| | - Stéphanie Beurlet
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France.
| | - Mohamed Said
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Petra Gorombei
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France.
| | - Carole Le Pogam
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France.
| | - Fabien Guidez
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre de la Grange
- GenoSplice technology, iPEPS-ICM, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
| | - Nader Omidvar
- Haematology Department, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Valérie Vanneaux
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
| | - Ken Mills
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - Ghulam J Mufti
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Laure Sarda-Mantel
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France. .,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.
| | - Maria Elena Noguera
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
| | - Marika Pla
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département d'Expérimentation Animale, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France. .,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
| | - Rose Ann Padua
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France. .,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
| | - Christine Chomienne
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France. .,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
| | - Patricia Krief
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR-S) 1131, Paris, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité (U) 1131, Paris, France.
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Bohara RA, Thorat ND, Pawar SH. Role of functionalization: strategies to explore potential nano-bio applications of magnetic nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02129h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies to bridge the gap between magnetic nanoparticles for their nano bio applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shivaji H. Pawar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research
- D. Y. Patil University
- Kolhapur
- India
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38
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Gorenshteyn D, Zaslavsky E, Fribourg M, Park CY, Wong AK, Tadych A, Hartmann BM, Albrecht RA, García-Sastre A, Kleinstein SH, Troyanskaya OG, Sealfon SC. Interactive Big Data Resource to Elucidate Human Immune Pathways and Diseases. Immunity 2015; 43:605-14. [PMID: 26362267 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many functionally important interactions between genes and proteins involved in immunological diseases and processes are unknown. The exponential growth in public high-throughput data offers an opportunity to expand this knowledge. To unlock human-immunology-relevant insight contained in the global biomedical research effort, including all public high-throughput datasets, we performed immunological-pathway-focused Bayesian integration of a comprehensive, heterogeneous compendium comprising 38,088 genome-scale experiments. The distillation of this knowledge into immunological networks of functional relationships between molecular entities (ImmuNet), and tools to mine this resource, are accessible to the public at http://immunet.princeton.edu. The predictive capacity of ImmuNet, established by rigorous statistical validation, is easily accessed by experimentalists to generate data-driven hypotheses. We demonstrate the power of this approach through the identification of unique host-virus interaction responses, and we show how ImmuNet complements genetic studies by predicting disease-associated genes. ImmuNet should be widely beneficial for investigating the mechanisms of the human immune system and immunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Gorenshteyn
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Elena Zaslavsky
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Miguel Fribourg
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christopher Y Park
- New York Genome Center, 101 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013, USA
| | - Aaron K Wong
- Simons Center for Data Analysis, Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Alicja Tadych
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Boris M Hartmann
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Randy A Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Departments of Pathology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Olga G Troyanskaya
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Simons Center for Data Analysis, Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010, USA; Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
| | - Stuart C Sealfon
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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39
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Toll-like receptor signaling in hematopoietic homeostasis and the pathogenesis of hematologic diseases. Front Med 2015; 9:288-303. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Bellos F, Kern W. Flow cytometry in the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes and the value of myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2015; 92:200-206. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Deconstructing innate immune signaling in myelodysplastic syndromes. Exp Hematol 2015; 43:587-598. [PMID: 26143580 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of immune-related genes is widely reported in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), and chronic immune stimulation increases the risk for developing MDS. Aberrant innate immune activation, such as that caused by increased toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, in MDS can contribute to systemic effects on hematopoiesis, in addition to cell-intrinsic defects on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) function. This review will deconstruct aberrant function of TLR signaling mediators within MDS HSPCs that may contribute to cell-intrinsic consequences on hematopoiesis and disease pathogenesis. We will discuss the contribution of chronic TLR signaling to the pathogenesis of MDS based on evidence from patients and mouse genetic models.
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42
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Yang L, Qian Y, Eksioglu E, Epling-Burnette PK, Wei S. The inflammatory microenvironment in MDS. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1959-66. [PMID: 25662443 PMCID: PMC11113192 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a collection of pre-malignancies characterized by impaired proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and a tendency to evolve into leukemia. Among MDS's pathogenic mechanisms are genetic, epigenetic, apoptotic, differentiation, and cytokine milieu abnormalities. Inflammatory changes are a prominent morphologic feature in some cases, with increased populations of plasma cells, mast cells, and lymphocytes in bone marrow aspirates. Accumulating evidence suggests that the bone marrow microenvironment contributes to MDS disease pathology, with microenvironment alterations and abnormality preceding, and facilitating clonal evolution in MDS patients. In this review, we focus on the inflammatory changes involved in the pathology of MDS, with an emphasis on immune dysfunction, stromal microenvironment, and cytokine imbalance in the microenvironment as well as activation of innate immune signaling in MDS patients. A better understanding of the mechanism of MDS pathophysiology will be beneficial to the development of molecular-targeted therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqin Qian
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Erika Eksioglu
- Immunology Program at the H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | | | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Immunology Program at the H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL 33612 USA
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43
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Deregulation of innate immune and inflammatory signaling in myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2015; 29:1458-69. [PMID: 25761935 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a group of heterogeneous clonal hematologic malignancies that are characterized by defective bone marrow (BM) hematopoiesis and by the occurrence of intramedullary apoptosis. During the past decade, the identification of key genetic and epigenetic alterations in patients has improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. However, the specific molecular mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis of MDS have largely remained obscure. Recently, essential evidence supporting the direct role of innate immune abnormalities in MDS has been obtained, including the identification of multiple key regulators that are overexpressed or constitutively activated in BM hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Mounting experimental results indicate that the dysregulation of these molecules leads to abnormal hematopoiesis, unbalanced cell death and proliferation in patients' BM, and has an important role in the pathogenesis of MDS. Furthermore, there is compelling evidence that the deregulation of innate immune and inflammatory signaling also affects other cells from the immune system and the BM microenvironment, which establish aberrant associations with hematopoietic precursors and contribute to the MDS phenotype. Therefore, the deregulation of innate immune and inflammatory signaling should be considered as one of the driving forces in the pathogenesis of MDS. In this article, we review and update the advances in this field, summarizing the results from the most recent studies and discussing their clinical implications.
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Germing U, Kobbe G, Haas R, Gattermann N. Myelodysplastic syndromes: diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 110:783-90. [PMID: 24300826 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2013.0783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are malignant stem-cell diseases that are usually diagnosed in elderly patients who present with anemia or, less commonly, bi- or pancytopenia. Their incidence in persons over age 80 is above 50 new cases per 100,000 persons per year. Their clinical course is highly variable. About one-quarter of all patients with MDS develop acute leukemia. The median survival time from the moment of diagnosis is about 30 months. METHOD We selectively searched the PubMed database for pertinent articles and guidelines from the years 2000-2013. We used the search term "myelodysplastic syndromes." RESULTS MDS are diagnosed by cytology, with consideration of the degree of dysplasia and the percentage of blast cells in the blood and bone marrow, and on a cytogenetic basis, as recommended in the WHO classification. In particular, chromosomal analysis is necessary for prognostication. The Revised International Prognosis Scoring System (IPSS-R) enables more accurate prediction of the course of disease by dividing patients into a number of low- and high-risk groups. The median survival time ranges from a few months to many years. The approved treatments, aside from transfusion therapy, include iron depletion therapy for low-risk patients, lenalidomide for low-risk patients with a deletion on the long arm of chromosome 5, and 5-azacytidine for high-risk patients. High-risk patients up to age 70 who have no major accompanying illnesses should be offered allogenic stem-cell transplantation with curative intent. The cure rates range from 30% to 50%. Mucositis, hemorrhages, infections, and graft-versus-host diseases are the most common complications of this form of treatment. CONCLUSION Myelodysplastic syndromes are treated on an individualized, risk-adapted basis after precise diagnostic evaluation and after assessment of the prognosis. More studies are needed so that stage-adapted treatment can be improved still further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Germing
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Düsseldorf University Hospital
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Delta-Like Homologue 1 and Its Role in the Bone Marrow Niche and Hematologic Malignancies. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2014; 14:451-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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46
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Zhou H, Rigoutsos I. The emerging roles of GPRC5A in diseases. Oncoscience 2014; 1:765-76. [PMID: 25621293 PMCID: PMC4303886 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ‘Retinoic Acid-Inducible G-protein-coupled receptors’ or RAIG are a group comprising the four orphan receptors GPRC5A, GPRC5B, GPRC5C and GPRC5D. As the name implies, their expression is induced by retinoic acid but beyond that very little is known about their function. In recent years, one member, GPRC5A, has been receiving increasing attention as it was shown to play important roles in human cancers. As a matter of fact, dysregulation of GPRC5A has been associated with several cancers including lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Here we review the current state of knowledge about the heterogeneity and evolution of GPRC5A, its regulation, its molecular functions, and its involvement in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Zhou
- Computational Medicine Center, Jefferson Alumni Hall, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Isidore Rigoutsos
- Computational Medicine Center, Jefferson Alumni Hall, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Garcia MN, Grasso D, Lopez-Millan MB, Hamidi T, Loncle C, Tomasini R, Lomberk G, Porteu F, Urrutia R, Iovanna JL. IER3 supports KRASG12D-dependent pancreatic cancer development by sustaining ERK1/2 phosphorylation. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4709-22. [PMID: 25250570 DOI: 10.1172/jci76037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations in the KRAS oncogene are prevalent in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We previously demonstrated that pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) formation, which precedes malignant transformation, associates with the expression of immediate early response 3 (Ier3) as part of a prooncogenic transcriptional pathway. Here, we evaluated the role of IER3 in PanIN formation and PDAC development. In human pancreatic cancer cells, IER3 expression efficiently sustained ERK1/2 phosphorylation by inhibiting phosphatase PP2A activity. Moreover, IER3 enhanced KrasG12D-dependent oncogenesis in the pancreas, as both PanIN and PDAC development were delayed in IER3-deficient KrasG12D mice. IER3 expression was discrete in healthy acinar cells, becoming highly prominent in peritumoral acini, and particularly high in acinar ductal metaplasia (ADM) and PanIN lesions, where IER3 colocalized with phosphorylated ERK1/2. However, IER3 was absent in undifferentiated PDAC, which suggests that the IER3-dependent pathway is an early event in pancreatic tumorigenesis. IER3 expression was induced by both mild and severe pancreatitis, which promoted PanIN formation and progression to PDAC in KrasG12D mice. In IER3-deficient mice, pancreatitis abolished KrasG12D-induced proliferation, which suggests that pancreatitis enhances the oncogenic effect of KRAS through induction of IER3 expression. Together, our data indicate that IER3 supports KRASG12D-associated oncogenesis in the pancreas by sustaining ERK1/2 phosphorylation via phosphatase PP2A inhibition.
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Expressional changes of genes and miRNA in common megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors from lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Int J Hematol 2014; 100:361-9. [PMID: 25056847 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-014-1639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a stem cell tumor characterized by dysplastic features and ineffective hematopoiesis in the early phase and leukemic progression in the late phase. Speculating that differences in the expression of genes and microRNA (miRNA) in control and MDS-derived erythroid progenitors may cause ineffective erythropoiesis, we sorted common megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEPs) in bone marrow cells from three lower-risk MDS patients, and compared expression levels of genes and miRNA with those from controls. In apoptosis-related pathways, the expression of some pro-apoptotic genes, such as cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A, caspase 5, and Fas ligand, was elevated in MDS-derived MEPs, while those of anti-apoptotic CD40 and tumor necrosis factor were lower. In hematopoiesis-regulating pathways, RUNX1 and ETV6 genes showed reduced expression. Expression profiling revealed that three and 35 miRNAs were significantly up- and down-regulated in MDS-derived MEPs. MIR9 exhibited robust expression in MEPs and CD71+GlyA+ erythroid cells derived from one of the three patients. Interestingly, overexpression of MIR9 inhibited the accumulation of hemoglobin in UT-7/GM cells. Some of these alterations in gene and miRNA expression may contribute to the pathogenesis of ineffective hematopoiesis in lower-risk MDS and provide molecular markers for sub-classification and making a prognosis.
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Chen X, Eksioglu EA, Zhou J, Zhang L, Djeu J, Fortenbery N, Epling-Burnette P, Van Bijnen S, Dolstra H, Cannon J, Youn JI, Donatelli SS, Qin D, De Witte T, Tao J, Wang H, Cheng P, Gabrilovich DI, List A, Wei S. Induction of myelodysplasia by myeloid-derived suppressor cells. J Clin Invest 2014; 123:4595-611. [PMID: 24216507 DOI: 10.1172/jci67580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are age-dependent stem cell malignancies that share biological features of activated adaptive immune response and ineffective hematopoiesis. Here we report that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), which are classically linked to immunosuppression, inflammation, and cancer, were markedly expanded in the bone marrow of MDS patients and played a pathogenetic role in the development of ineffective hematopoiesis. These clonally distinct MDSC overproduce hematopoietic suppressive cytokines and function as potent apoptotic effectors targeting autologous hematopoietic progenitors. Using multiple transfected cell models, we found that MDSC expansion is driven by the interaction of the proinflammatory molecule S100A9 with CD33. These 2 proteins formed a functional ligand/receptor pair that recruited components to CD33’s immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM), inducing secretion of the suppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β by immature myeloid cells. S100A9 transgenic mice displayed bone marrow accumulation of MDSC accompanied by development of progressive multilineage cytopenias and cytological dysplasia. Importantly, early forced maturation of MDSC by either all-trans-retinoic acid treatment or active immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif–bearing (ITAM-bearing) adapter protein (DAP12) interruption of CD33 signaling rescued the hematologic phenotype. These findings indicate that primary bone marrow expansion of MDSC driven by the S100A9/CD33 pathway perturbs hematopoiesis and contributes to the development of MDS.
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Sokolenko AP, Bulanova DR, Iyevleva AG, Aleksakhina SN, Preobrazhenskaya EV, Ivantsov AO, Kuligina ES, Mitiushkina NV, Suspitsin EN, Yanus GA, Zaitseva OA, Yatsuk OS, Togo AV, Kota P, Dixon JM, Larionov AA, Kuznetsov SG, Imyanitov EN. High prevalence of GPRC5A germline mutations in BRCA1-mutant breast cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2014; 134:2352-8. [PMID: 24470238 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In a search for new breast cancer (BC) predisposing genes, we performed a whole exome sequencing analysis using six patient samples of familial BC and identified a germline inactivating mutation c.183delG [p. Arg61fs] in an orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPRC5A. An extended case-control study revealed a tenfold enrichment for this mutation in BC patients carrying the 5382insC allele of BRCA1, the major founder mutation in the Russian population, compared to wild-type BRCA1 BC cases [6/117 (5.1%) vs. 8/1578 (0.5%), p = 0.0002]. In mammary tumors (n = 60), the mRNA expression of GPRC5A significantly correlated with that of BRCA1 (p = 0.00018). In addition, the amount of GPRC5A transcript was significantly lower in BC obtained from BRCA1 mutation carriers (n = 17) compared to noncarriers (n = 93) (p = 0.026). Accordingly, a siRNA-mediated knockdown of either BRCA1 or GPRC5A in the MDA-MB-231 human BC cell line reduced expression of GPRC5A or BRCA1, respectively. Knockdown of GPRC5A also attenuated radiation-induced BRCA1- and RAD51-containing nuclear DNA repair foci. Taken together, these data suggest that GPRC5A is a modifier of BC risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers and reveals a functional interaction of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Sokolenko
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St.-Petersburg, Russia; Department of Medical Genetics, St.-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, St.-Petersburg, Russia
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