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Zhao L, Fang J, Ji Y, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Yin J, Zhang M, Bao W. K-means cluster analysis of characteristic patterns of allergen in different ages: Real life study. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12281. [PMID: 37488740 PMCID: PMC10326892 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopy varies in people of different ages owing to different physical conditions and exposure to allergens. We aimed to cluster ages based on atopic severity using K-means cluster analysis and identify atopic incidence, severity, as well as the association among peripheral eosinophils, IgE and sensitisation. METHODS Consecutive patients (n = 7654) with allergic symptoms and undergoing allergen-specific IgE tests were included from 2013 to 2017. Age, sex, specific-IgE, peripheral eosinophil counts and total-IgE were collected. RESULTS Five age categories were identified: 1-17, 18-36, 37-52, 53-69 and 70-100 years. The incidences of atopy and poly-sensitisation decreased with increasing age. Similar trend was observed for aeroallergens, egg and milk but not for peanuts, soy or seafood. Dust mites remain the crucial factor bothering patients with allergic symptoms, especially for children and adolescents. In patients aged <52 years, sensitisation to aeroallergens was more prevalent than food. In group 37-52 years, incidence of females' atopy was higher than that of males. The overlap of atopy, high eosinophils, and high total-IgE was found in only 19.18% of patients. The trend of allergen-test positivity is not parallel to total IgE and peripheral eosinophil counts. CONCLUSION Age-grouping based on cluster analysis helps to find the changes in atopic status and distribution of sensitised allergens with age. Allergen tests are still necessary in the clinical diagnosis and treatment. An innovative exploration of the influence of age and allergens on total-IgE and eosinophil counts is helpful for the development of bio-targeted precision therapy. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR2300067700.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Yin
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuping Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kumar R, Gaur S, Agarwal M, Menon B, Goel N, Mrigpuri P, Spalgais S, Priya A, Kumar K, Meena R, Sankararaman N, Verma A, Gupta V, Sonal, Prakash A, Safwan MA, Behera D, Singh A, Arora N, Prasad R, Padukudru M, Kant S, Janmeja A, Mohan A, Jain V, Nagendra Prasad K, Nagaraju K, Goyal M. Indian Guidelines for diagnosis of respiratory allergy. INDIAN JOURNAL OF ALLERGY, ASTHMA AND IMMUNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/0972-6691.367373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sircar G, Ghosh N, Saha S. Designing Next-Generation Vaccines Against Common Pan-Allergens Using In Silico Approaches. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:231-242. [PMID: 35852870 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation allergy vaccines refer to allergen-derived attenuated molecules that can boost allergen-blocking IgG response. These IgG antibodies are specifically directed toward the IgE epitope of allergens and interfere in allergen-IgE interaction. Our study is a computational approach to design such vaccines against four widespread pan-allergens families. Pan-allergens display extensive immunological cross-reactivity due to the presence of conserved IgE epitope and T cell epitope. In this study, the vaccine design is based on hapten-carrier concept in which the carrier protein is an immunogenic component providing T cell help. Either PreS protein of hepatitis B or cholera enterotoxin B (CTB) fused with three tetanus toxoid fragments (TTFrC) was used here as the carrier. The hapten components are nonanaphylactic peptides (NAPs) derived from experimentally determined antigenic regions of the allergens. The charged residues of NAPs are selectively modified to obliterate IgE, as well as T cell reaction, and hence, are safe to apply in allergy patients. Various combinations of vaccine constructs (PreS/CTB+TTFrC and NAPs) were designed with intermediate linker motifs. Screening of constructs was performed through a three-step method such as physicochemical parameters, secondary structures, and tertiary structures using various bioinformatic tools. The final construct with best quality and stability was selected for each allergen family. Suitability of these constructs for being expressed in recombinant form was checked at DNA, RNA, and protein level. Presence of putative epitopes inducing tolerogenic interleukin-10 was also predicted for these constructs. The present work led to the design of putative vaccines with immunotherapeutic potential and broad applicability for allergic diseases caused by a wide array of cross-reactive allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurab Sircar
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
| | - Nandini Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Paschim Medinipur, India
| | - Sudipto Saha
- Division of Bioinformatics, Bose Institute (Centenary Building), Kolkata, India
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White Blood Cell Count and Serum Cytokine Profile in Tropical Hardwood Workers in Kumasi. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:8245717. [PMID: 35795404 PMCID: PMC9252711 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8245717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational exposure to wood dust particles has long been reported of its associated varying degrees of negative health effects due to different extractive chemicals present in the various timber species. However, tropical hardwood is also reported to have higher levels of extractive chemicals of antihistamine, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In Ghana, woodworkers have for years been exposed to wood dust from mixed tropical hardwood species, with little or no protective equipment such as nose masks, yet with less significant respiratory conditions. This study seeks to investigate the serum cytokine profile in tropical hardwood workers in Kumasi to provide a better understanding of the immunoregulatory pattern activated in the woodworkers. Method The study was carried out among woodworkers, teachers, and security men located in Kumasi. A cross-sectional sampling of adult male workers was selected to participate in the study (86 woodworkers and 89 nonwoodworkers). Participants donated blood collected by venepuncture into EDTA tubes and spun to separate serum for cytokine assay. Cytokines including IFN-gamma, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, and IL-17 were assayed using the Human Premixed Multianalyte Kit (R&D System, Inc., Minneapolis, USA) following the manufacturer's procedure. The cytokine levels were quantified using the Luminex∗200 analyser. Results The mean concentration levels for the various cytokines were significantly different (p < 0.05) between woodworkers and nonwoodworkers except IL-2. There were significantly increased levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines expressed in the woodworkers more than the nonwoodworkers. Conclusions The results from this study reveal that exposed woodworkers of mixed tropical hardwood species show a high level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in their serum than nonwoodworkers.
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Atopic Status in Children with Asthma and Respiratory Allergies—Comparative Analysis of Total IgE, ImmunoCAP Phadiatop/fx5 and Euroimmun Pediatric Immunoblot. SINUSITIS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sinusitis6010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: An atopic status assessment (skin prick test or specific immunoglobulin (sIgE)) in asthmatic children is considered a milestone in identifying potential risk factors and triggers provoking loss of asthma control and asthma exacerbation. Objective: The study aims to perform a comparative analysis of different laboratory methods for a serological assessment of an atopic status in asthma and respiratory allergies in children. Material and methods: A total of 86 children were included, all of whom were diagnosed with bronchial asthma, aged from 5 to 17 years and screened for total IgE level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In 48 randomly selected children, we performed a semi-quantitative serological in vitro assessment of the specific IgE antibodies against food and aeroallergen, using two different laboratory methods—Euroimmun Immunoblot and ImmunoCAP (Phadiatop/fx5). Results: In 70% of the children with a history of allergies, and 65.3% without clinically manifested allergies, multiscreen test ImmunoCAP Phadiatop/fx5 showed positivity and confirmed atopy. Our results showed a significant moderate to strong correlation between multiscreen ImmunoCAP Phadiatop/fx5, and Euroimmun specific IgE titers against aero-allergens—cats, mites, tree mix and food allergens—soy, wheat (р = 0.006), rice, р = 0.090), apple р = 0.007) and peanut. A sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 73.5% was observed for EUROIMMUN Pediatric (food allergens, IgE titer > 1) compared with the gold standard ImmunoCap/fx5. The mean value of total IgE is significantly higher in children with asthma and concomitant with allergic rhinitis compared to those without allergic rhinitis (mean 202.52 U/mL, IQR 102.50 (24.20–363.95) vs. 316.68, IQR 261.00 (109.20–552.50), p = 0.005). Conclusion: Establishing the spectrum of the most common respiratory and food allergens is an essential factor for maintaining asthma control, both through a strategy to avoid allergen exposure and by developing a recommendation plan. The immunoblotting technique is easily applicable in daily clinical and laboratory practice. It is also a cost-effective and reliable alternative to the “gold standard” ImmunoCAP Phadiatop/fx5 in diagnosing atopy in children.
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Vehapoglu A, Cakın ZE, Kahraman FU, Nursoy MA, Toprak A. Is overweight/obesity a risk factor for atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children? A case-control study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:727-732. [PMID: 33823105 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is unclear whether body weight status (underweight/normal weight/overweight/obese) is associated with allergic disease. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between body weight status (body mass index; BMI) and atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children, and to compare children with atopic allergic diseases with non atopic healthy children. METHODS A prospective cross sectional study of 707 prepubertal children aged 3-10 years was performed; the participants were 278 atopic children with physician-diagnosed allergic disease (allergic rhinitis and asthma) (serum total IgE level >100 kU/l and eosinophilia >4%, or positivity to at least one allergen in skin test) and 429 non atopic healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Data were collected between December 2019 and November 2020 at the Pediatric General and Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinics of Bezmialem Vakıf University Hospital. RESULTS Underweight was observed in 11.6% of all participants (10.8% of atopic children, 12.2% of healthy controls), and obesity in 14.9% of all participants (18.0% of atopic children, 12.8% of controls). Obese (OR 1.71; 95% CI: 1.08-2.71, p=0.021), and overweight status (OR 1.62; 95% CI: 1.06-2.50, p=0.026) were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight in pre-pubertal children. This association did not differ by gender. There was no relationship between underweight status and atopic allergic disease (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.63-1.68, p=0.894). CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight among middle-income and high-income pre pubertal children living in Istanbul.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Vehapoglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ebru Cakın
- Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Ustabas Kahraman
- Department of Pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Atilla Nursoy
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Toprak
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Altaii HA, Al-Tae FMD. Investigation of Serum Total IgE and Eosinophil Levels in Different Allergic Diseases Together with the Study of Their Correlations with Various Possible Allergens in Mosul City. Immunol Invest 2020; 51:567-587. [PMID: 33283561 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1853154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Serum total IgE (tIgE) is frequently used in the diagnosis of allergic diseases in Mosul city and Iraq. However, neither normal nor elevated levels can exclude or confirm the diagnosis of these diseases. Here, we tried to evaluate the validity of tIgE in the diagnosis of allergic asthma(AS), allergic rhinitis(AR) and atopic dermatitis(AD) in a sample of Mosul population, to set up an optimum cut-off value for diagnosis of these diseases and to study its correlation with different parameters that might affect its level. 38 patients with AS, 27 with AR, 46 with AD and 45 healthy controls were included in this study. tIgE were determined by ELISA and compared between allergic diseases and controls. Blood eosinophilia was ascertained and correlated with tIgE levels. The geometric means of tIgE were 316.87 IU/ml (95% CI: 234.69 to 427.82) in AS, 262.07 IU/ml (95% CI:174.24 to 394.18) in AR and 270.48 IU/ml (95% CI:202.57 to 361.16) in AD compared to 16.90 IU/ml (95% CI:12.32 to 23.18) in healthy controls. tIgE in allergic diseases was significantly increased in comparison to healthy controls (P <.0001). Female gender influenced tIgE in AS, but not in AR or AD. tIgE predominated in younger age groups; however, no significant difference was found between younger and older groups. Optimum values for tIgE with best discriminative accuracy were 77 IU/ml for AS and 81 IU/ml for AR and AD. Eosinophils count appeared to be a useful adjunct, and correlate well with tIgE in the diagnosis of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiyam A Altaii
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Firas M D Al-Tae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Lazova S, Velikova T, Priftis S, Petrova G. Identification of Specific IgE Antibodies and Asthma Control Interaction and Association Using Cluster Analysis in a Bulgarian Asthmatic Children Cohort. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:E31. [PMID: 32640522 PMCID: PMC7551616 DOI: 10.3390/antib9030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease that likely comprises several distinct disease phenotypes, where the clustering approach has been used to classify the heterogeneous asthma population into distinct phenotypes; (2) Methods: For a period of 1 year, we evaluated medical history data of 71 children with asthma aged 3 to 17 years, performing pulmonary function tests, drew blood for IgE antibodies against inhalation and food allergies detection, and Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ); (3) Results: Five distinct phenotypes were determined. Cluster 1 (n = 10): (non-atopic) the lowest IgE level, very low ACQ, and median age of diagnosis. Cluster 2 (n = 28): (mixed) the highest Body mass index (BMI) with the latest age of diagnosis and high ACQ and bronchodilator response (BDR) levels and median and IgE levels. Cluster 3 (n = 19) (atopic) early diagnosis, highest BDR, highest ACQ score, highest total, and high specific IgE levels among the clusters. Cluster 4 (n = 9): (atopic) the highest specific IgE result, relatively high BMI, and IgE with median ACQ score among clusters. Cluster 5 (n = 5): (non-atopic) the earliest age for diagnosis, with the lowest BMI, the lowest ACQ score, and specific IgE levels, with high BDR and the median level of IgE among clusters; (4) Conclusions: We identified asthma phenotypes in Bulgarian children according to IgE levels, ACQ score, BDR, and age of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezhina Lazova
- Pediatric Department, UMHATEM “N. I. Pirogov”, 21 Totleben blvd, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Velikova
- Sofia University—Medical Faculty, University Hospital Lozenets, 1 Kozyak str, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Stamatios Priftis
- Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Sofia, Health Technology Assessment Department, 8 Bialo more str., 1527 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Guergana Petrova
- Medical University, Pediatric clinic, UMHAT Alexandrovska, 1 Georgi Sofiyski blvd., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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Testa D, DI Bari M, Nunziata M, Cristofaro GDE, Massaro G, Marcuccio G, Motta G. Allergic rhinitis and asthma assessment of risk factors in pediatric patients: A systematic review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 129:109759. [PMID: 31734564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most prevalent allergic disease in children and can be associated with asthma (A); this association can have significant effect on child's quality of life. The objective of this work was to systematically review existing literature on the risk factors of AR and A in children to better understand the link between these two diseases. We performed a literature search over the last 25 years in PubMed and Medline. Inclusion criteria comprised English language papers containing original human data with greater than 30 subjects and papers that statistically analyze the relationship between AR and A and the risk factor(s), in children population. A statistically significant correlation was found between children with AR and A and ambient Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons exposure, live in an industrialized city with elevated traffic, dampness and moulds exposure, electric cooking, male gender, single nucleotide polymorphisms in PTNP22 gene and CTLA-4 gene, fast food and margarine products consumption, use of paracetamol in last year, history of tuberculosis, parental atopy, high total serum IgE, antibiotics in uterus and infections in uterus exposure, history of formula feeding and caesarian section. A strong and complex link between AR and A was accounted: A represents a major risk factor for the onset of AR, that correlates with more severe asthmatic symptoms. Even the onset of A in a child with AR worsen it. The interaction of genetic and environmental risk factors and the consequent epigenetic, microbiota and immunological changes, were found to led to the development of AR and A in children, with both atopic and non-atopic pathways. Close monitoring of evidenced risk factors may help with an early recognize and treat A in patients with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Testa
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo DI Bari
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Nunziata
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Generoso DE Cristofaro
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Massaro
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Marcuccio
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Motta
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Flavor Preference and Systemic Immunoglobulin Responses in E-Cigarette Users and Waterpipe and Tobacco Smokers: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17020640. [PMID: 31963835 PMCID: PMC7013586 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has had an exponential increase in popularity since the product was released to the public. Currently, there is a lack of human studies that assess different biomarker levels. This pilot study attempts to link e-cigarette and other tobacco product usage with clinical respiratory symptoms and immunoglobulin response. Subjects completed surveys in order to collect self-reported data on tobacco product flavor preferences. Along with this, plasma samples were collected to test for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and E (IgE) levels. Our pilot study’s cohort had a 47.9% flavor preference towards fruit flavors and a 63.1% preference to more sweet flavors. E-cigarette and traditional cigarette smokers were the two subject groups to report the most clinical symptoms. E-cigarette users also had a significant increase in plasma IgE levels compared to non-tobacco users 1, and dual users had a significant increase in plasma IgG compared to non-tobacco users 2, cigarette smokers, and waterpipe smokers. Our pilot study showed that users have a preference toward fruit and more sweet flavors and that e-cigarette and dual use resulted in an augmented systemic immune response.
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NİKSARLIOĞLU EY, IŞIK R, UYSAL MA, ÜNAL D, ÇAMSARI G. Prevalence of atopy and allergic rhinitis in patients with adult non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:551-557. [PMID: 30997791 PMCID: PMC7018301 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1807-229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (non-CF BR) is common in developing countries.Limited data are available regarding the impact of atopy, and no data are available regarding allergic rhinitis in patients with adult bronchiectasis.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of atopy and allergic rhinitis in the clinical conditions of patients with BR. Materials and methods The study enrolled 101 patients who were diagnosed with non-CF BR using high-resolution computed chest tomography. Allergic rhinitis (AR) was defined by skin prick test (SPT) positivity and the presence of any nasal symptoms (watery runny nose, nasal obstruction, nasal itching, and sneezing). Results The mean age of patients was 48 ± 15 years (range 18–82); 55 (54.5%) patients were female. SPT positivity was detected in 37 (36.6%) cases. AR was detected in 32 (31.7%) patients with non-CF BR. AR was related to dyspnea (P = 0.04) and number of admissions to an emergency department in the previous year (P = 0.01). Forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity in patients with and without AR were different (P = 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). AR was correlated with number of admissions to an emergency department in the last year (r = 0.417, P = 0.005). Conclusion We concluded that atopy was detected in more than one-third of adult non-CF BR patients. This study demonstrated that non-CF BR patients might have AR; it might be important to be aware of nasal symptoms in non-CF BR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Yelda NİKSARLIOĞLU
- Department of Chest Disease, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training andResearch Hospital, İstanbulTurkey
| | - Rana IŞIK
- Department of Adult Allergy Unit, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbulTurkey
| | - Mehmet Atilla UYSAL
- Department of Chest Disease, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training andResearch Hospital, İstanbulTurkey
| | - Derya ÜNAL
- Department of Adult Allergy Unit, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbulTurkey
| | - Güngör ÇAMSARI
- Department of Chest Disease, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training andResearch Hospital, İstanbulTurkey
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Bergmans RS, Kelly KM, Mezuk B. Inflammation as a unique marker of suicide ideation distinct from depression syndrome among U.S. adults. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:1052-1060. [PMID: 30699847 PMCID: PMC6448785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that pro-inflammatory states may be independently associated with the risk of suicidality, above and beyond depression. This study assesses whether four indicators of inflammation, circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC) count and immunoglobulin E (IgE), and dietary inflammatory potential, measured using the Dietary Inflammatory Index® (DII), distinguish suicidal ideation (SI) from major depression (MD). METHODS Data come from multiple cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NCRP&WBC = 13,912; NDII = 17,076; NIgE = 4,060). MD was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); SI was indicated by the last item of the PHQ-9. To assess SI independent from MD, participants were classified into four categories: SI with MD, SI without MD, MD without SI, and neither MD nor SI. Regression models were used to assess the relationship between indicators of inflammation and SI with and without MD. RESULTS None of the inflammatory indicators were able to distinguish SI status among MD cases. DII was associated with SI among individuals without MD. CRP, DII, and WBC were associated with MD. No associations were found for IgE. LIMITATIONS Cross-section data prevent drawing causal conclusions. Underreporting of MD and suicidal ideation and measurement of habitual diet using 24 h dietary recalls are also weaknesses. CONCLUSION Dietary inflammatory potential was associated with suicide ideation among US adults with and without depression. Diet may play a role in suicide ideation and more empirical evidence is needed to determine whether nutritional protocols could aid in the treatment of suicidal behaviors. Findings did not support inflammatory factors having a relationship with suicide ideation distinct from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Bergmans
- UM SPH Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Kristen M Kelly
- UM SPH Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Briana Mezuk
- UM SPH Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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Bazon ML, Silveira LH, Simioni PU, Brochetto-Braga MR. Current Advances in Immunological Studies on the Vespidae Venom Antigen 5: Therapeutic and Prophylaxis to Hypersensitivity Responses. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E305. [PMID: 30042313 PMCID: PMC6115769 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10080305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although systemic reactions caused by allergenic proteins present in venoms affect a small part of the world population, Hymenoptera stings are among the main causes of immediate hypersensitivity responses, with risk of anaphylactic shock. In the attempt to obtain therapeutic treatments and prophylaxis to hypersensitivity responses, interest in the molecular characterization of these allergens has grown in the scientific community due to the promising results obtained in immunological and clinical studies. The present review provides an update on the knowledge regarding the immune response and the therapeutic potential of Antigen 5 derived from Hymenoptera venom. The results confirm that the identification and topology of epitopes, associated with molecular regions that interact with antibodies, are crucial to the improvement of hypersensitivity diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Luiz Bazon
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Artrópodes-LBMA-IB-RC-UNESP (Univ Estadual Paulista), Av. 24-A, n_ 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lais Helena Silveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Artrópodes-LBMA-IB-RC-UNESP (Univ Estadual Paulista), Av. 24-A, n_ 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Ucelli Simioni
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Americana, FAM, Av. Joaquim Bôer, 733 Jardim Luciane, Americana 13477-360, SP, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Regina Brochetto-Braga
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Artrópodes-LBMA-IB-RC-UNESP (Univ Estadual Paulista), Av. 24-A, n_ 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil.
- Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos-CEVAP (Univ Estadual Paulista), Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Botucatu 18610-307, SP, Brazil.
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Hallit S, Raherison C, Malaeb D, Hallit R, Kheir N, Salameh P. The AAA Risk Factors Scale: A New Model to Screen for the Risk of Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis and Atopic Dermatitis in Children. Med Princ Pract 2018; 27:472-480. [PMID: 29879703 PMCID: PMC6243911 DOI: 10.1159/000490704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create an allergic disease risk factors scale score that would screen for the risk assessment of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis (AD) in children from 3 to 17 years. METHODS This case-control study, conducted between December 2015 and April 2016, enrolled 1,274 children. The allergic disease risk factors scale was created by combining environmental, exposure to toxics during pregnancy and breastfeeding and parental history of allergic diseases. RESULTS Playing on carpets, male gender, child's respiratory problems or history of eczema before the age of 2 years, and humidity significantly increased the odds of allergies in the child. Maternal waterpipe smoking, maternal history of rhinitis, history of asthma in the mother or the father, along with the maternal drug intake or alcohol consumption during pregnancy significantly increased the odds of allergies in the child. There was a significant increase in allergy diseases per category of the allergic disease risk factors scale (p < 0.001 for trend). Scores ≤2.60 best represented control individuals, while scores > 5.31 best represented children with allergic diseases. CONCLUSION Allergic diseases seem to be linked to several risk factors in our population of school children. Many environmental factors might be incriminated in these allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Beirut, Lebanon
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Occupational Health Environment Research Team, U1219 BPH Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- *Souheil Hallit, Street 8, Building 560, 1st floor, Biakout (Lebanon), E-Mail
| | - Chantal Raherison
- Occupational Health Environment Research Team, U1219 BPH Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Luteolin Attenuates Airway Mucus Overproduction via Inhibition of the GABAergic System. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32756. [PMID: 27595800 PMCID: PMC5011760 DOI: 10.1038/srep32756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway mucus overproduction is one of the most common symptoms of asthma that causes severe clinical outcomes in patients. Despite the effectiveness of general asthma therapies, specific treatments that prevent mucus overproduction in asthma patients remain lacking. Recent studies have found that activation of GABAA receptors (GABAAR) is important for promoting mucus oversecretion in lung airway epithelia. Here, we report that luteolin, a natural flavonoid compound, suppresses mucus overproduction by functionally inhibiting the GABAergic system. This hypothesis was investigated by testing the effects of luteolin on goblet cell hyperplasia, excessive mucus secretion, and GABAergic transmission using histological and electrophysiological approaches. Our results showed that 10 mg/kg luteolin significantly decreased the number of goblet cells in the lung tissue and inhibited mucus overproduction in an in vivo asthma model induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. Patch-clamp recordings showed that luteolin inhibited GABAAR-mediated currents in A549 cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of luteolin on OVA-induced goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus overproduction were occluded by the GABAAR antagonist picrotoxin. In conclusion, our observations indicate that luteolin effectively attenuates mucus overproduction at least partially by inhibiting GABAARs, suggesting the potential for therapeutic administration of luteolin in the treatment of mucus overproduction in asthma patients.
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Chauveau A, Dalphin ML, Kaulek V, Roduit C, Pugin A, von Mutius E, Vuitton DA, Dalphin JC. Disagreement between Skin Prick Tests and Specific IgE in Early Childhood. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 170:69-74. [DOI: 10.1159/000446776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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17
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Zhou MJ, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Gao W. Investigation of 14 Food Allergen-Specific IgG Antibodies in 1299 Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2014.968786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Sim DW, Lee JH. Biomarkers of adult asthma and personalized medicine. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2016.4.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Woon Sim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Fingleton J, Travers J, Williams M, Charles T, Bowles D, Strik R, Shirtcliffe P, Weatherall M, Beasley R. Treatment responsiveness of phenotypes of symptomatic airways obstruction in adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:601-9. [PMID: 25746966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are heterogeneous disorders encompassing different phenotypes of airflow obstruction, which might differ in their response to treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine distinct phenotypes comprising the syndromes of asthma and COPD and the treatment responsiveness of these phenotypes to inhaled β-agonist, antimuscarinic, and corticosteroid therapy. METHODS We undertook a cross-sectional study with 3 phases. In phase 1, 1,264 participants aged 18 to 75 years with self-reported current wheeze and breathlessness were identified from a random population sample of 16,459. In phase 2, 451 participants attended for detailed assessment, including responsiveness to inhaled salbutamol and ipratropium bromide. In phase 3, 168 steroid-naive participants were enrolled in a 12-week trial of inhaled budesonide. Cluster analysis was performed in 389 participants who completed phase 2 with full data. Treatment responsiveness was compared between phenotypes. RESULTS Cluster analysis identified 5 phenotypes: moderate-to-severe childhood-onset atopic asthma, asthma-COPD overlap, obese-comorbid, mild childhood-onset atopic asthma, and mild intermittent. Bronchodilation after salbutamol was equal to or greater than that after ipratropium for all phenotypes. The moderate-to-severe childhood-onset atopic asthma, asthma-COPD overlap, and obese-comorbid phenotypes had greater efficacy with inhaled corticosteroid treatment than the mild intermittent group. CONCLUSION Cluster analysis of adults with symptomatic airflow obstruction identifies 5 disease phenotypes, including asthma-COPD overlap and obese-comorbid phenotypes, and provides evidence that patients with the asthma-COPD overlap syndrome might benefit from inhaled corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Fingleton
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand; Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand; Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Justin Travers
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand; Hutt Valley District Health Board, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Mathew Williams
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Thomas Charles
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Darren Bowles
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand; Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Rianne Strik
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Philippa Shirtcliffe
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand; Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mark Weatherall
- Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand; University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Richard Beasley
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand; Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand; Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Molvi MAH, Sharma YK, Dash K, Patwekar M, Kohli S, Panicker NK. Pediatric idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome: a novel presentation. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:1416-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masuma A. H. Molvi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology; Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College and Hospital; Pune India
| | - Yugal K. Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology; Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College and Hospital; Pune India
| | - Kedarnath Dash
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology; Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College and Hospital; Pune India
| | - Milind Patwekar
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology; Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College and Hospital; Pune India
| | - Sonali Kohli
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology; Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College and Hospital; Pune India
| | - Narayan K. Panicker
- Department of Pathology; Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College and Hospital; Pune India
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Loutsios C, Farahi N, Porter L, Lok LSC, Peters AM, Condliffe AM, Chilvers ER. Biomarkers of eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 8:143-50. [PMID: 24460178 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2014.880052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophils are mediators of allergic inflammation and are implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous conditions including asthma, parasitic infections, neoplasms, hyper-eosinophilic syndromes, vasculitic disorders, and organ-specific conditions. Assessing eosinophilic inflammation is therefore important in establishing a diagnosis, in monitoring and assessing response to treatment, and in testing novel therapeutics. Clinical markers of atopy and eosinophilic inflammation include indirect tests such as lung function, exhaled breath condensate analysis, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, serum immunoglobulin E levels and serum periostin. Direct measures, which quantify but do not anatomically localise inflammation include blood eosinophil counts, serum or plasma eosinophil cationic protein and sputum eosinophil levels. Cytology from bronchoalveolar lavage and histology from endobronchial and transbronchial biopsies are better at localising inflammation but are more invasive. Novel approaches using radiolabelled eosinophils with single-photon emission computed tomography, offer the prospect of non-invasive methods to localise eosinophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystalla Loutsios
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
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22
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Frandsen PM, Krohn IJMK, Hoffmann HJ, Schiøtz PO. The Influence of IgE on Cultured Human Mast Cells. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2013; 5:409-14. [PMID: 24179689 PMCID: PMC3810549 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2013.5.6.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The mast cell plays a pivotal role in the human immune response. Crosslinking of 2 IgE molecules bound to the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on the surface of the mast cell results in mast cell degranulation and the release of several proinflammatory mediators. Patients with type-I allergy have increased levels of IgE in the blood compared to healthy individuals. Methods In a 6-week culture system of stem cells to human mast cells we investigated the effect of the concentration of IgE. The mast cells were cultured with different concentrations of IgE for the last 10 days of the maturation period. It was observed how the IgE concentration affects the histamine release, FcεRI density on the mast cell surface and the concentration of other mediators. Results A clear correlation between IgE concentration in culture medium and the release of histamine upon activation was observed. It showed a bell-shaped dose response curve, with maximal response around an IgE-concentration of 250 ng/mL. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the mast cells and surface density of FcεRI on mast cell surface was also influenced by the IgE concentration in the culture medium. Conclusions IgE in the culture medium during the last 10 days of mast cell maturation influences the release of the preformed mediator histamine after mast cell activation and the density of FcεRI on the mast cell surface. The release of the de novo synthetized mediator prostaglandin D2 and the expression of chymase and tryptase are not influenced by IgE in culture medium.
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Bandeira T, Negreiro F, Ferreira R, Salgueiro M, Lobo L, Aguiar P, Trindade JC. Clinical, radiological, and physiological differences between obliterative bronchiolitis and problematic severe asthma in adolescents and young adults: the early origins of the overlap syndrome? Pediatr Pulmonol 2011; 46:573-80. [PMID: 21246758 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.21405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 11/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few reports have compared chronic obstructive lung diseases (OLDs) starting in childhood. AIMS To describe functional, radiological, and biological features of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) and further discriminate to problematic severe asthma (PSA) or to diagnose a group with overlapping features. RESULTS Patients with OB showed a greater degree of obstructive lung defect and higher hyperinflation (P < 0.001). The most frequent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) features (increased lung volume, inspiratory decreased attenuation, mosaic pattern, and expiratory air trapping) showed significantly greater scores in OB patients. Patients with PSA have shown a higher frequency of atopy (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated discriminative power for the LF variables, HRCT findings and for atopy between diagnoses. Further analysis released five final variables more accurate for the identification of a third diagnostic group (FVC%t, post-bronchodilator ΔFEV(1) in ml, HRCT mosaic pattern, SPT, and D. pteronyssinus-specific IgE). CONCLUSIONS We found that OB and PSA possess identifiable characteristic features but overlapping values may turn them undistinguishable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bandeira
- Pediatric Department, Medical School at University of Lisbon, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Jung SW, Oh EJ, Lee J, Kim Y, Kim SY, Kim Y, Park YJ. [Usefulness of total IgE in predicting positive allergen specific IgE Tests in Korean subjects]. Korean J Lab Med 2011; 30:660-7. [PMID: 21157154 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2010.30.6.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total IgE levels in allergic patients tend to be higher than those in healthy individuals. We evaluated the usefulness of total IgE levels in predicting positive results of allergen specific IgEs in multiple allergen simultaneous tests. METHODS A total of 133 patients with allergic symptoms were evaluated. Allergen specific IgEs were detected using 3 different kits: Allergy screen (R-biopharm, Germany), AdvanSure Allergy Screen (LG Life Science, Korea) and Polycheck allergy (Biocheck Co., Germany). Total IgE was measured by turbidoimmunometric assay (LX-2200, Eiken Chemical Co., Japan). The patients were divided into high (≥ 170 IU/mL) and low (<170 IU/mL) groups of total IgE level, and the positive rates and number of positive allergen specific IgEs were evaluated in each group. Positive concordance rates among different kits were also evaluated. RESULTS High total IgE group showed significantly higher positive rates and number of positive allergen specific IgEs in all of the 3 test kits used compared to low total IgE group. Only two of the allergens, Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus had positive concordance rates of ≥ 50%. Allergen specific IgEs to these two allergens showed good correlation with total IgE (correlation coefficients >0.5). CONCLUSIONS Total IgE appears to be useful in predicting positive results in allergen specific IgE tests to common allergens. The specific IgEs to D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus showed good correlation with total IgE. However, for other allergens, significant differences were observed among different test kits, and the standardization of allergens in multiple allergen simultaneous tests is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoung Won Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lin SY, Reh DD, Clipp S, Irani L, Navas-Acien A. Allergic Rhinitis and Secondhand Tobacco Smoke: A Population-based Study. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2011; 25:e66-71. [DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease that affects approximately one-fifth of the U.S. population. Few studies have evaluated the association between secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure and the impacts on symptom severity in AR. In this study, we evaluated the association of SHS and AR in a community-based study of adult nonsmokers. Methods In Washington County, Maryland, 83 subjects with AR (physician diagnosed or reported skin test positive), and 117 nonallergic subjects from the same community were recruited and interviewed. A validated questionnaire was used to assess past and present SHS exposure as well as disease-specific quality of life. Results SHS was reported in 34/83 allergic subjects. Compared with AR subjects with no SHS exposure, subjects with AR and SHS were more likely to report a family history of chronic sinusitis (p = 0.04) and use nasal decongestants (p = 0.012). There was also a borderline association with reporting more severe nasal obstruction (p = 0.14) and nasal drainage (p = 0.08). Compared with nonallergic subjects, allergic subjects were more likely to report longer SHS exposure currently (adjusted mean difference = 1.6 hours/week; p = 0.01) and 20 years ago (adjusted mean difference = 2.9 hours/week; p = 0.03). Conclusion Past and current SHS may be a risk factor for AR. Allergic subjects with SHS exposure were more likely to use nasal decongestants and to report more severe nasal symptoms such as nasal obstruction and nasal drainage than nonexposed allergic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Y. Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Sinus Center, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas D. Reh
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Sinus Center, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sandra Clipp
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- George W. Comstock Center for Public Health Research, Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland
| | - Laili Irani
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Herr M, Clarisse B, Nikasinovic L, Foucault C, Le Marec AM, Giordanella JP, Just J, Momas I. Does allergic rhinitis exist in infancy? Findings from the PARIS birth cohort. Allergy 2011; 66:214-21. [PMID: 20804465 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early onset of allergic rhinitis (AR) is poorly described, and rhinitis symptoms are often attributed to infections. This study analyses the relations between AR-like symptoms and atopy in infancy in the PARIS (Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study) birth cohort. METHODS Data on AR-like symptoms (runny nose, blocked nose, sneezing apart from a cold) were collected using a standardized questionnaire administered during the health examination at age 18 months included in the follow-up of the PARIS birth cohort. Parental history of allergy and children's atopy blood markers (blood eosinophilia ≥470 eosinophils/mm(3) , total immunoglobulin E ≥45 U/ml and presence of allergen-specific IgE) were assessed. Associations were studied using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Prevalence of AR-like symptoms in the past year was 9.1% of the 1850 toddlers of the study cohort. AR-like symptoms and dry cough apart from a cold were frequent comorbid conditions. Parental history of AR in both parents increased the risk of suffering from AR-like symptoms with an OR 2.09 (P=0.036). Significant associations were found with the presence of concurrent biological markers of atopy, especially blood eosinophilia and sensitization to house dust mite (OR 1.54, P=0.046 and OR 2.91, P=0.042) whereas there was no relation with sensitization to food. CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis that AR could begin as early as 18 months of life. Suspicion of AR should be reinforced in infants with parental history of AR or biological evidence of atopy, particularly blood eosinophilia and sensitization to inhalant allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Herr
- Laboratoire Santé Publique et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques,Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, Paris, France
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Eduard W, Pearce N, Douwes J. Chronic Bronchitis, COPD, and Lung Function in Farmers. Chest 2009; 136:716-725. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.08-2192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Rouhos A, Kainu A, Karjalainen J, Lindqvist A, Piirilä P, Sarna S, Haahtela T, Sovijärvi ARA. Atopic sensitization to common allergens without symptoms or signs of airway disorders does not increase exhaled nitric oxide. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2008; 2:141-8. [PMID: 20298322 PMCID: PMC3272347 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-699x.2007.00045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) associates positively with symptomatic atopy among asthmatics and in the general population. It is, however, unclear whether sensitization to common allergens per se- as verified with positive skin prick tests--affects FENO in healthy individuals. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the association between FENO and sensitization to common allergens in healthy nonsmoking adults with no signs or symptoms of airway disorders. METHODS FENO measurements (flow rate: 50 mL/s), skin prick tests to common inhalant allergens, structured interviews, spirometry, bronchodilatation tests and bronchial histamine challenges were performed on a randomly selected population of 248 subjects. Seventy-three of them (29%) were nonsmoking asymptomatic adults with no history of asthma, persistent or recurrent upper or lower airway symptoms and no signs of airway disorders in the tests listed above. RESULTS FENO concentrations were similar in skin prick test positive (n = 32) and negative (n = 41) healthy subjects, with median values of 13.2 and 15.5 ppb, respectively (P = 0.304). No correlation appeared between FENO and the number of positive reactions (r = -0.138; P = 0.244), or the total sum of wheal diameters (r = -0.135; P = 0.254). The nonparametric one-tailed 95% upper limits of FENO among skin prick positive and negative healthy nonsmoking subjects were 29 and 31 ppb, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Atopic constitution defined as positive skin prick test results does not increase FENO in healthy nonsmoking adults with no signs or symptoms of airway disorders. This suggests that same reference ranges for FENO can be applied to both skin prick test positive and negative subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamari Rouhos
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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Raherison C, Pénard-Morand C, Moreau D, Caillaud D, Charpin D, Kopferschmitt C, Lavaud F, Taytard A, Maesano IA. Smoking exposure and allergic sensitization in children according to maternal allergies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008; 100:351-7. [PMID: 18450121 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)60598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the negative impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on airway diseases in children is well known, the effect of ETS on allergic sensitization is still debated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate how maternal allergies modulate the effect of tobacco exposure on allergic sensitization in childhood. METHODS Of 9000 children in grades 4 and 5 selected in 6 cities in France, 7798 participated in a survey that consisted of an epidemiologic questionnaire, skin prick testing to common allergens, and skin examination for eczema. Tobacco exposure was obtained from parent questionnaires. RESULTS Twenty-five percent of the children had allergic sensitization, 25.2% had eczema, 11.6% had allergic rhinitis, 9.9% had asthma, and 8.3% had exercise-induced asthma. Twenty percent of the children were exposed to tobacco in utero. Maternal exposure had a greater impact than paternal exposure on children's allergic sensitization. Prenatal exposure was more associated with sensitization than postnatal exposure. Children with maternal allergies and exposure to maternal ETS during pregnancy were at higher risk for sensitization to house dust mite (25.7% vs. 14.0%; odds ratio, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-3.18; P = .006). In contrast, sensitization to food allergens was not associated with tobacco exposure. CONCLUSIONS Children exposed to maternal smoking had a higher risk of sensitization to house dust mite, especially when the mothers were allergic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Raherison
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Hôpital du Haut-Lévèque, Bordeaux, France.
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Kovac K, Dodig S, Tjesić-Drinković D, Raos M. Correlation between asthma severity and serum IgE in asthmatic children sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Arch Med Res 2007; 38:99-105. [PMID: 17174732 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2006.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We undertook this study to test the possible correlation between serum concentration of total and specific IgE antibodies and asthma severity in asthmatic children sensitized to the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. METHODS The study included 157 asthmatic children aged 5-15 years (8 +/- 3 years). Clinical diagnosis was based on personal and family history, physical examination, pulmonary function testing and skin tests. Asthma severity was determined according to GINA guidelines. In vitro tests included serum concentration of total and specific IgE. RESULTS All asthmatic children had elevated serum concentration of total IgE. The children with elevated serum concentration of total IgE also showed an increased serum concentration of specific IgE. Asthma of higher higher severity was present in patients with total IgE concentration >288.0 kIU/L (AUC = 0.736) and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus >44.1 kIUA/L (AUC = 0.843). Intermittent asthma was present in 76.9% of children with specific IgE concentration <44.1 kIUA/L. The positive predictive value suggested with 79.2% probability that a child with a concentration of specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus >44.1 kIUA/L would have a more severe form of asthma. CONCLUSIONS Asthmatic children with higher asthma severity have a higher serum concentration of both total IgE (>288.0 kIU/L) and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (>44.1 kIUA/L), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelija Kovac
- Children's Hospital Srebrnjak, Reference Center for Clinical Pediatric Allergology of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Zagreb, Croatia.
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31
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Klokk M, Götestam KG, Mykletun A. There are no association between IgE levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression in the adult female general population. The Hordaland Health Study (HUSK). Nord J Psychiatry 2007; 61:410-7. [PMID: 18236306 DOI: 10.1080/08039480701788715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There are multiple reports of increased prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with asthma, eczema and rhinitis. Suggested biological mechanisms underlying these associations most commonly involve IgE. However, the association between anxiety/depression and IgE has hardly been studied, and the aim of the present study will therefore be to examine the hypothesized association between anxiety/depression and IgE in a general adult female population. A sub-sample of 374 female participants in a population-based general health study in Norway (the Hordaland Health Study) with participation rate 70% was screened for total and allergen-specific IgE. Anxiety and depression were measured employing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). This design ensured adequate statistical power, and the population-approach ensured satisfactory variance in both IgE and anxiety/depression. No association between case level or symptom load of anxiety/depression and total or allergen-specific IgE was found. Non-significant tendencies were both positive and negative. This finding was robust across continuous and categorical statistical approaches. Our finding does not question the commonly reported associations between anxiety/depression and asthma, rhinitis and eczema. We do, however, question the relevance of IgE as an aetiological factor in the biological chain underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Klokk
- Department of Psychiatry, Aalesund Hospital, Aalesund, Helse-Sunnmøre HF, Norway.
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Oryszczyn MP, Bouzigon E, Maccario J, Siroux V, Nadif R, Wright A, Kauffmann F. Interrelationships of quantitative asthma-related phenotypes in the Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma, Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness, and Atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 119:57-63. [PMID: 17208586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delineating asthma subphenotypes is of interest to understand the cause of the disease. Few studies have addressed the interrelationships of quantitative asthma-related traits. OBJECTIVE We sought to study the interrelationships of allergy markers and FEV(1) in relation to asthma and sex in children and adults. METHODS Total IgE levels, skin prick test (SPT) positivity, eosinophil counts, and FEV(1) were assessed in 299 asthmatic cases (children and adults) recruited in chest clinics and 309 nonasthmatic population-based control subjects in the French Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma, Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness, and Atopy. RESULTS Allergy parameters were significantly higher in asthmatic cases than in control subjects for children and adults and for both sexes. Sex and age modified the pattern of concordance of high IgE levels, SPT positivity, and eosinophilia among asthmatic cases, with the greatest overlap in male children (64%) and the lowest in male adults (18%). Patterns of change over the lifespan of IgE levels, eosinophil counts, and FEV(1)/height(2) varied, with the acceleration of FEV(1) decrease being particularly evident in asthmatic adults. In adult cases and control subjects, SPT positivity (particularly to indoor allergens) was significantly related to IgE levels but not to eosinophil counts. The association of eosinophil counts with IgE levels was evident only in children. Environmental factors (smoking, pets, and country living) did not alter the patterns observed. CONCLUSIONS Each allergy-related phenotype showed a distinct relation with asthma, with the role for eosinophils being different than that for IgE levels and SPT responses. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Taking age and sex into account is essential for understanding the interrelationships of the various allergy-related phenotypes to asthma status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Oryszczyn
- INSERM, U780, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Villejuif; Univ Paris-Sud, IFR69, Villejuif, France.
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Groneberg DA, Rabe KF, Fischer A. Novel concepts of neuropeptide-based drug therapy: vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and its receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 533:182-94. [PMID: 16473346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are major contributors to the global burden of disease. Although inflammatory cells play the central role in the pathogenesis of the diseases, recent observations indicate that also resident respiratory cells represent important targets for pulmonary drug development. Especially targeting airway neuromediators offers a possible mechanism by which respiratory diseases may be treated in the future. Among numerous peptide mediators such as tachykinins, calcitonin gene-related peptide, neurotrophins or opioids, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is one of the most abundant molecules found in the respiratory tract. In human airways, it influences many respiratory functions via the receptors VPAC1, VPAC2 and PAC1. VIP-expressing nerve fibers are present in the tracheobronchial smooth muscle layer, submucosal glands and in the walls of pulmonary and bronchial arteries and veins. Next to its strong bronchodilator effects, VIP potently relaxes pulmonary vessels, and plays a pivotal role in the mediation of immune mechanisms. A therapy utilizing the respiratory effects of VIP would offer potential benefits in the treatment of obstructive and inflammatory diseases and long acting VIP-based synthetic non-peptide compounds may represent a novel target for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Groneberg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Bouzigon E, Chaudru V, Carpentier AS, Dizier MH, Oryszczyn MP, Maccario J, Kauffmann F, Demenais F. Familial correlations and inter-relationships of four asthma-associated quantitative phenotypes in 320 French EGEA families ascertained through asthmatic probands. Eur J Hum Genet 2005; 12:955-63. [PMID: 15241486 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease, associated with biological and physiological phenotypes including immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, sum of positive skin prick tests to allergens (SPTQ), eosinophil counts (EOS) and percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (%FEV1). We investigated the patterns of familial correlations and the inter-relationships of these four quantitative phenotypes, using the general class D regressive model, in 320 French EGEA nuclear families ascertained through 204 offspring (set A) and 116 parents (set B). Familial correlations of IgE and SPTQ were consistent with a model including no spouse correlation and equal parent-offspring and sib-sib correlations (rhoPO = rhoSS = 0.25 for IgE and 0.15 for SPTQ), this model being compatible with an additive polygenic model in the whole sample and the two family subsets A and B. Different patterns of familial correlations of EOS and %FEV1 were observed in these two sets. In set A, the best fitting model included no spouse correlation and equality of parent-offspring and sib-sib correlations (rhoPO = rhoSS = 0.14 for EOS and 0.23 for %FEV1). In set B, EOS had only a significant rhoSS of 0.28, while %FEV1 had significant rhoMO of 0.28 and rhoSS of 0.16. Analysis of shared familial determinants between these phenotypes indicated an overlap of at most 30% in rhoFO for IgE and SPTQ and in both rhoFO and rhoMO for IgE and EOS, while determinants of %FEV1 and atopy-related phenotypes appear distinct. These results may have implications for further linkage and association studies with genetic markers.
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Bouzigon E, Dizier MH, Krähenbühl C, Lemainque A, Annesi-Maesano I, Betard C, Bousquet J, Charpin D, Gormand F, Guilloud-Bataille M, Just J, Le Moual N, Maccario J, Matran R, Neukirch F, Oryszczyn MP, Paty E, Pin I, Rosenberg-Bourgin M, Vervloet D, Kauffmann F, Lathrop M, Demenais F. Clustering patterns of LOD scores for asthma-related phenotypes revealed by a genome-wide screen in 295 French EGEA families. Hum Mol Genet 2004; 13:3103-13. [PMID: 15509591 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddh340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A genome-wide scan for asthma phenotypes was conducted in the whole sample of 295 EGEA families selected through at least one asthmatic subject. In addition to asthma, seven phenotypes involved in the main asthma physiopathological pathways were considered: SPT (positive skin prick test response to at least one of 11 allergens), SPTQ score being the number of positive skin test responses to 11 allergens, Phadiatop (positive specific IgE response to a mixture of allergens), total IgE levels, eosinophils, bronchial responsiveness (BR) to methacholine challenge and %predicted FEV(1). Four regions showed evidence for linkage (P</=0.001): 6q14 for %FEV(1), 12p13 for IgE, 17q22-q24 for SPT and 21q21 for both SPTQ and %FEV(1). Nine other regions indicated smaller linkage signals (0.001<P</=0.005). While most of these regions have been reported by previous asthma and lung function screens, 6q14 appears to be a new region potentially linked to %FEV(1). To determine which of these various asthma phenotypes are more likely to share common genetic determinants, a principal component analysis was applied to the genome-wide LOD scores. This analysis revealed clustering of LODs for asthma, SPT and Phadiatop on one axis and clustering of LODs for %FEV(1), BR and SPTQ on the other, while LODs for IgE and eosinophils appeared to be independent from all other LODs. These results provide new insights into the potential sharing of genetic determinants by asthma-related phenotypes.
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Raherison C, Nejjari C, Marty ML, Filleul L, Barberger-Gateau P, Dartigues JF, Tessier JF. IgE level and Phadiatop in an elderly population from the PAQUID cohort: relationship to respiratory symptoms and smoking. Allergy 2004; 59:940-5. [PMID: 15291901 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decades in industrialized countries, the increase of life expectancy has resulted in an increase in the population of the elderly. However, little is known about the prevalence of allergies in the elderly population. The aim of the study was to investigate the specific relationship of serum IgE and Phadiatop, with asthma, rhinitis, and smoking in a sample of an elderly population. METHODS Subjects from the Paquid cohort living in Gironde Department (age 65 years and over) in France were followed up since 1988 (PAQUID cohort). RESULTS Among the randomized sample of 352 subjects, there were 158 men (45%) and 194 women (55%). The lowest levels of IgE were in subjects with chronic sputum; and in normal subjects (47.1 +/- 56.4 vs 56.2 +/- 73.9, NS). Multiple linear regression was performed with log(10) IgE values as a dependent variable and age, Phadiatop test, smoking, and respiratory symptoms independently in men and in women. In men, a significant relationship was observed between IgE values and Phadiatop test (P < 0.001), asthma history (P = 0.002), and smoking (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Respiratory allergy is present in persons >65 years of age. There is an association between smoking and IgE level independent of allergic reactivity to common allergens in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Raherison
- Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux 2, France
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37
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Joki-Erkkilä VP, Karjalainen J, Hulkkonen J, Pessi T, Nieminen MM, Aromaa A, Klaukka T, Hurme M. Allergic rhinitis and polymorphisms of the interleukin 1 gene complex. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2003; 91:275-9. [PMID: 14533660 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)63530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a genetic background. Inflammatory reactions are regulated by cytokines. Cytokine genes are polymorphic and have been implicated as candidate genes in allergy. OBJECTIVES To study the significance of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) gene complex in allergic rhinitis. METHODS Population-based, cross-sectional study. We studied the polymorphisms of 3 IL-1 gene complex genes, IL1A (+4845G>T), IL1B (-511 degrees C>T), and IL1RN (variable number of tandem repeats; IVS2, 86 bp, duplicates 2 to 5), in patients with allergic rhinitis. The study group consisted of 405 nonasthmatic individuals of whom 56 had allergic rhinitis. RESULTS The genotype distribution differed significantly in all cytokine genes studied between subjects with and without allergic rhinitis. The difference was mainly due to an increased number of IL1A allele G homozygotes (67.9% vs 43.2%; odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-5.1), IL1B heterozygotes (72.2% vs 47.4%; OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5-5.3), and IL1RN allele 2 homozygotes (18.5% vs 7.5%; OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3-6.2) in allergic rhinitis. Haplotype analysis revealed a significant difference in the distribution of IL-1 gene complex haplotypes between subjects with and without allergic rhinitis (P = 0.005, 10 df). CONCLUSIONS The IL-1 gene complex polymorphism is strongly associated with allergic rhinitis in nonasthmatic individuals.
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Chan EY, McKenzie SA. Normative data for total serum immunoglobulin E measurements in children of three ethnicities. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33:752-6. [PMID: 12801308 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is about 20 years since IgE measurements were published for children without atopic disease. It is possible that the recent increase in atopic disease is reflected in altered measurements in subjects who have no clinical expression of atopy. If the measurement of IgE is to be used as a marker for atopy to characterize disease categories, contemporary normative data must be available. OBJECTIVE To measure total serum IgE in healthy children of three ethnicities born and living in an inner city environment. METHODS Subjects were aged 1 to < or = 12 years, of Afro-Caribbean, Bangladeshi and white British ethnicities, with no personal history of current atopic disease. An extra 1 mL of blood for the measurement of total serum IgE was collected when blood was taken for other purposes or when a surgical procedure was being undertaken. RESULTS Measurements were taken from 151 boys (median age 5.4 years) and 106 girls (median age 6.0 years), who included 127 Bangladeshis, 58 Afro-Caribbeans and 72 white British children. Measurements increased with age but were not related to gender or ethnicity. The data were significantly higher than previous measurements by sixfold. CONCLUSION These contemporary normative data allow the generation of z scores for total IgE measurements for clinical or epidemiological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Chan
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
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Karjalainen J, Hulkkonen J, Pessi T, Huhtala H, Nieminen MM, Aromaa A, Klaukka T, Hurme M. The IL1A genotype associates with atopy in nonasthmatic adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 110:429-34. [PMID: 12209090 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2002.126784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin prick test is used to examine specific IgE-mediated allergic responses. Generally, results accord well with anamnestic information on atopy. Several genetic factors probably affect the strength of allergen-mediated skin test reactions. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate skin test findings in a population-based sample of adult asthmatic patients and control subjects and to establish whether the IL1A genotype affects allergy testing. METHODS We analyzed the single G-to-T base exchange polymorphism in exon 5 at +4845 of the gene encoding IL-1alpha (IL1A) in adult asthmatic patients (n = 245) and nonasthmatic control subjects (n = 405). The data were assessed for correlation with data on the skin test responses of these subjects to 22 common allergens. RESULTS The IL1A genotype distribution and allele frequencies proved similar in patients and control subjects. Surprisingly, the IL1A genotype distribution was markedly different in control subjects with positive (ie, >/=1 positive reaction) and negative skin test responses (P =.006). This difference was caused by an increase in the frequency of the rarer allele 2 in control subjects with negative skin test responses (P =.004). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that the IL1 gene complex is involved in the regulation of IgE-mediated atopic reactions. The results suggest that skin test responses to specific allergens are differently regulated in nonasthmatic and asthmatic subjects. Because of the potential role of the IL1A genotype as a confounding factor in skin prick testing, these results require special attention and should be further evaluated in other clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Karjalainen
- Tampere University Hospital, the Department of Respiratory Medicine and the Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Tampere, Finland
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Kauffmann F, Oryszczyn MP, Maccario J. The protective role of country living on skin prick tests, immunoglobulin E and asthma in adults from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma, bronchial hyper-responsiveness and atopy. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32:379-86. [PMID: 11940067 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farming environment and traditional lifestyle seem to protect from childhood allergy. OBJECTIVE The aim is to analyse the relationships of living in the country to asthma, positive skin prick tests and IgE among adults considering various windows of exposure over the life-span. METHODS The study concerns 805 adults drawn from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma, bronchial hyper-responsiveness and atopy (EGEA) (asthmatic cases, non-asthmatic controls, and parents of cases with and without asthma). Ever living in the country concerned 55% of the subjects. Early (beginning < 1 years), childhood (beginning < or = 16 years), prolonged (duration > or = 10 years) and current life in the country were studied. RESULTS The results based on the case control and family components of the study show that IgE levels were significantly lower in those who ever lived in the country and in particular in those who lived for > or = 10 years. Positive skin prick tests (SPT) were significantly less prevalent in those who ever lived in the country and in particular in those with childhood (< or = 16 years) exposure. These associations remained independent of age, sex, smoking or asthma with IgE levels of 64 vs. 88 IU/mL; P = 0.004 for those ever living in the country vs. others and odds ratio for SPT positivity of 0.72 (95% CI [0.53-0.98]). In the more specific group with traditional mode of heating in childhood (use of wood) associations were stronger. The association with asthma, studied in parents of asthmatic probands showed that fathers, but not mothers, of asthmatics were significantly less often asthmatic themselves in relation to country living. CONCLUSION Country life protects from asthma and adulthood allergy. The protective effect is not restricted to exposure in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kauffmann
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, INSERM U472, Villejuif, France.
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