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Yadav PR, Basha SH, Pindi PK. Role of Thr199 residue in human β-carbonic anhydrase-II pH-dependent activity elucidated by microsecond simulation analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:5016-5025. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1865203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pulala Raghuveer Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | | | - Pavan Kumar Pindi
- Department of Microbiology, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
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Stoner A, Harris A, Oddone F, Belamkar A, Verticchio Vercellin AC, Shin J, Januleviciene I, Siesky B. Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and glaucoma in 2021: where do we stand? Br J Ophthalmol 2021; 106:1332-1337. [PMID: 34433550 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) have been used for many decades in the treatment of glaucoma. Systemic CAIs were an early treatment option to lower intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humour production; however, frequent side effects including polyuria and paresthesia contributed to the eventual development of topical CAIs. As topical drug development evolved over time, prostaglandin analogues and beta-blockers have become the gold standard of glaucoma therapies. Although prescribed less often than other classes of topical glaucoma therapies, topical CAIs continue to be used in combination therapies with beta-blockers and alpha agonists. Topical CAIs have also been demonstrated to alter biomarkers of ocular haemodynamics, which have relevance in glaucoma. The purpose of this review is to review and summarise the current state of topical CAI prescribing trends, known efficacy and suggested mechanisms and potential influence on ocular haemodynamics for the future of glaucoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Stoner
- Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Alon Harris
- Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Aditya Belamkar
- Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Joshua Shin
- New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | | | - Brent Siesky
- Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Dong YR, Huang SW, Cui JZ, Yoshitomi T. Effects of brinzolamide on rabbit ocular blood flow in vivo and ex vivo. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:719-725. [PMID: 29862168 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.05.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate if significant improvement of optic disc blood flow (ODBF) occurs after instillation of brinzolamide onto rabbit eyes. METHODS Testing of bilateral intraocular pressure (IOP) and left ODBF in 10 male rabbits took place every 3h over a 24h period. Brinzolamide (1% ophthalmic solution, two drops at 9:00 and 21:00) was administered to the left eye. ODBF, assessed using laser speckle flowgraphy, was determined as the mean blur rate (MBR). Furthermore, the effect of brinzolamide on isolated rabbit ciliary arteries using isometric tension recording system was performed. RESULTS After brinzolamide instillation, IOP was significantly decreased in the left eye. MBR-vessel was greater at 18:00 and 21:00 (P<0.05) than in the controls. MBR-tissue and MBR-average were greater at 18:00 (P<0.05) than in the controls. For isolated arteries pre-contracted with a high-K solution, brinzolamide induced concentration-dependent relaxation, reaching 46.1%±9% (n=21) at 1 mmol/L. In Ca2+-free solutions, incubation with brinzolamide suppressed 1 µmol/L histamine-induced contractions (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Brinzolamide decreases IOP and increases ocular blood flow. The direct vasodilatory effect of brizolamide is mediated by suppression of Ca2+ release from intracellular calcium stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Shi-Wei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ji-Zhe Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Takeshi Yoshitomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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Diadenosine tetraphosphate as a potential therapeutic nucleotide to treat glaucoma. Purinergic Signal 2016; 13:171-177. [PMID: 27848070 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-016-9547-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that produces blindness. The main factor associated with this disease is an abnormally elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). To date, some attempts have been made to demonstrate the role of nucleotides modulating IOP, but never in a model of glaucoma. The DBA/2J mouse is an animal that develops the pathology spontaneously, starting from the typical rise in IOP at 9 months of age. Using this animal model, together with a control mouse, C57BL/6J, it has been possible to monitor the elevation in IOP in the glaucomatous mice and to check the ability of the dinucleotide diadenosine tetraphosphate AKA Ap4A to reduce IOP. The topical application of Ap4A when IOP is maximal (9-12 months) reduced IOP 30.6 ± 6.6% in the DBA/2J and 17.9 ± 4.0% in the C57BL/6J mice. Concentration response curves in both animal strains produced similar pD2 values; these being 4.9 ± 0.5 and 5.1 ± 0.4 for the normotensive C57BL/6J and the glaucomatous DBA/2J respectively. Antagonist studies showed differences between the control and the glaucomatous animals. In particular, the main receptor reducing IOP in the control animal was the P2Y1 receptor and in the glaucomatous model the P2Y6, although the participation of other P2 receptors cannot be ruled out. The long-term effect of Ap4A applied three times a week for 3 months showed a clear stop in the elevation of IOP in the glaucomatous model, thus indicating the possibility of using Ap4A as an effective compound for the treatment of glaucoma.
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BARRETT JOHNMARTIN, BERLINGUER-PALMINI ROLANDO, DEGENAAR PATRICK. Optogenetic approaches to retinal prosthesis. Vis Neurosci 2014; 31:345-54. [PMID: 25100257 PMCID: PMC4161214 DOI: 10.1017/s0952523814000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The concept of visual restoration via retinal prosthesis arguably started in 1992 with the discovery that some of the retinal cells were still intact in those with the retinitis pigmentosa disease. Two decades later, the first commercially available devices have the capability to allow users to identify basic shapes. Such devices are still very far from returning vision beyond the legal blindness. Thus, there is considerable continued development of electrode materials, and structures and electronic control mechanisms to increase both resolution and contrast. In parallel, the field of optogenetics--the genetic photosensitization of neural tissue holds particular promise for new approaches. Given that the eye is transparent, photosensitizing remaining neural layers of the eye and illuminating from the outside could prove to be less invasive, cheaper, and more effective than present approaches. As we move toward human trials in the coming years, this review explores the core technological and biological challenges related to the gene therapy and the high radiance optical stimulation requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- JOHN MARTIN BARRETT
- Institute of Neuroscience,
Newcastle University, Newcastle upon
Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - PATRICK DEGENAAR
- School of EEE,
Newcastle University, Newcastle upon
Tyne, United Kingdom
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Bernadat G, Supuran CT, Iorga BI. Carbonic anhydrase binding site parameterization in OPLS-AA force field. Bioorg Med Chem 2012. [PMID: 23182217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The parameterization of carbonic anhydrase binding site in OPLS-AA force field was performed using quantum chemistry calculations. Both OH2 and OH(-) forms of the binding site were considered, showing important differences in terms of atomic partial charges. Three different parameterization protocols were used, and the results obtained highlighted the importance of including an extended binding site in the charge calculation. The force field parameters were subsequently validated using standard molecular dynamics simulations. The results presented in this work should greatly facilitate the use of molecular dynamics simulations for studying the carbonic anhydrase, and more generally, the metallo-enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bernadat
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Labex LERMIT, Centre de Recherche de Gif, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Huber-van der Velden KK, Lux A, Severing K, Klamann MKJ, Winterhalter S, Remky A. Retrobulbar Hemodynamics Before and After Oculopression With and Without Dorzolamide. Curr Eye Res 2012; 37:719-25. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2012.675614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Imtaiyaz Hassan M, Shajee B, Waheed A, Ahmad F, Sly WS. Structure, function and applications of carbonic anhydrase isozymes. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 21:1570-82. [PMID: 22607884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The carbonic anhydrases enzymes (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are zinc containing metalloproteins, which efficiently catalyse the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and release proton. These enzymes are essentially important for biological system and play several important physiological and patho-physiological functions. There are 16 different alpha-carbonic anhydrase isoforms studied, differing widely in their cellular localization and biophysical properties. The catalytic domains of all CAs possess a conserved tertiary structure fold, with predominately β-strands. We performed an extensive analysis of all 16 mammalian CAs for its structure and function in order to establish a structure-function relationship. CAs have been a potential therapeutic target for many diseases. Sulfonamides are considered as a strong and specific inhibitor of CA, and are being used as diuretics, anti-glaucoma, anti-epileptic, anti-ulcer agents. Currently CA inhibitors are widely used as a drug for the treatment of neurological disorders, anti-glaucoma drugs, anti-cancer, or anti-obesity agents. Here we tried to emphasize how CAs can be used for drug discovery, design and screening. Furthermore, we discussed the role of CA in carbon capture, carbon sensor and metabolon. We hope this review provide many useful information on structure, function, mechanism, and applications of CAs in various discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Sattler W, Parkin G. Structural characterization of zinc bicarbonate compounds relevant to the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20167d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Shoshani YZ, Harris A, Rusia D, Spaeth GL, Siesky B, Pollack A, Wirostko B. Contrast sensitivity, ocular blood flow and their potential role in assessing ischaemic retinal disease. Acta Ophthalmol 2011; 89:e382-95. [PMID: 21518304 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02130.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the definition, evaluation methodology, association to ocular blood flow and potential clinical value of contrast sensitivity (CS) testing in clinical and research settings, focusing in patients with ischemic retinal disease. METHODS A review of the medical literature focusing on CS and ocular blood flow in ischemic retinal disease. RESULTS CS may be more sensitive than other methods at detecting subtle defects or improvements in primarily central retinal ganglion cell function early on in a disease process. CS testing attempts to provide spatial detection differences which are not directly assessed with standard visual acuity chart testing. Analyzing all studies that have assessed both CS change and ocular blood flow, it is apparent that both choroidal circulation and retinal circulation may have an important role in influencing CS. CONCLUSION The concept that CS is directly influenced by ocular blood flow is supported by reviewing the studies involving both. Although the studies in the literature have not established a direct cause and effect relationship per se, the literature review makes it logical to assume that changes in retinal and choroidal blood flow influence CS. This raises the possibility that a subjective visual characteristic, specifically CS, may be able to be evaluated more objectively by studying blood flow. It appears appropriate to study the relationship between blood flow and CS more extensively to develop improved ways of measuring various aspects of blood flow to the eye and to best quantify early changes in visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yochai Z Shoshani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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