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Bernardi O, Reverchon M, Estienne A, Baumard Y, Ramé C, Brossaud A, Combarnous Y, Froment P, Dupont J. Chicken white egg chemerin as a tool for genetic selection for egg weight and hen fertility. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1012212. [PMID: 36176771 PMCID: PMC9513417 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1012212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo mortality rate, which can reach up to 40% in avian species, is a major issue for breeding. It is therefore important to identify new embryo development biomarkers for genetic selection to improve reproductive performances. We have recently shown that chemerin is expressed in the oviductal hen magnum, accumulates in egg white, is correlated with embryo survival and could thus be used as a molecular marker of embryo development. Eggs from seven hen breeds (n = 70) were collected during five successive days at the end of the laying period. After weighing eggs, yolk and albumen, an egg white sample from each egg was collected and a blood sample was taken from each hen. Chemerin concentrations in albumen and blood samples were measured by a specific home made ELISA assay. Hen's plasma and egg's albumen chemerin levels were found to be correlated with reproductive parameters such as fecundity, fertility, embryo mortality, hatchability and laying rates. The inter-hen chemerin level variability in albumen was higher than intra-hen except for one breed (R+). We observed significantly different levels of chemerin in egg white between breeds. However, chemerin concentrations in egg white were not significantly associated to variations of hen plasma chemerin levels. Interestingly, we observed negative correlations between albumen chemerin concentrations and egg weight (r = -0.43, p = 0.001), between albumen weight (r = -0.40, p = 0.002), and between yolk weight (r = -0.28, p = 0.03). We also showed negative correlations between egg white chemerin concentrations and fecundity (r = -0.32, p = 0.011) and fertility (r = -0.27, p = 0.04) whereas no significant correlation was observed with the laying rate. Taken together, these results suggest that egg white chemerin concentration might be a good biomarker for genetic selection for egg weight and fertility in hens, provided these data are confirmed on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Bernardi
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, Paris, France
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRA Val de Loire, France
| | - Maxime Reverchon
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRA Val de Loire, France
| | - Anthony Estienne
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Baumard
- INRAE—Unité Expérimentale Pôle D’expérimentation Avicole de Tours, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, Paris, France
| | - Adeline Brossaud
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, Paris, France
| | - Yves Combarnous
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR85, Paris, France
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Pinard-Van Der Laan MH, Monvoisin JL, Pery P, Hamet N, Thomas M. Comparison of outbred lines of chickens for resistance to experimental infection with coccidiosis (Eimeria tenella). Poult Sci 1998; 77:185-91. [PMID: 9495476 DOI: 10.1093/ps/77.2.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coccidiosis causes dramatic economic losses in the poultry industry. Next to the extensive use of anticoccidial drugs, improving genetic resistance of birds to this parasitic disease represents an attractive alternative. An experiment was run in order to identify lines of chickens resistant and susceptible to coccidiosis as a tool to search for genetic markers of resistance. Five outbred lines were used: two Egyptian lines (Mandarah and Fayoumi), a Rhode Island Red line, and two White Leghorn lines (WLB21 and WLDW). The WLDW line segregated for three MHC haplotypes, B15, B19, and B21, and for the sex-linked dwarf gene, DW. Chicks were challenged at 4 wk of age with a high dose of Eimeria tenella (150,000 oocysts) and slaughtered 8 d postinoculation. Innate resistance was assessed individually by measures of lesion score, mortality, and body weight gain at slaughter, and plasma coloration 4 d postinoculation. Large differences in resistance to E. tenella were observed between lines. The Fayoumi line appeared clearly as the most resistant line, showing no mortality, less severe lesions than other lines, and a 30% reduction of growth as compared to control birds. The WLDW line was the most susceptible, with 27% mortality and a 85% reduction in growth. No major effect of MHC or dwarfism on resistance to E. tenella was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pinard-Van Der Laan
- Laboratoire de Génétique Factorielle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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