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Hu T, Su P, Yang F, Ying J, Chen Y, Cui H. Circulating Cytokines and Venous Thromboembolism: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Thromb Haemost 2024; 124:471-481. [PMID: 38109907 PMCID: PMC11038873 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence has linked circulating cytokines to venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, it remains uncertain whether these associations are causal due to confounding factors or reverse causality. We aim to explore the causality between circulating cytokines and VTE, encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS In the current bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study, instrumental variables of 41 circulating cytokines were obtained from the genome-wide association study meta-analyses (8,293 individuals). Summary statistics for the association of VTE (17,048 cases and 325,451 controls), DVT (8,077 cases and 295,014 controls), and PE (8,170 cases and 333,487 controls) were extracted from the FinnGen Study. A multivariable MR study was conducted to adjust for potential confounders. The inverse-variance weighted method was employed as the main analysis, and comprehensive sensitivity analyses were conducted in the supplementary analyses. RESULTS The MR analysis indicated stromal cell-derived factor-1α was suggestively associated with a reduced risk of VTE (odds ratio [OR]: 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81-0.99; p = 0.033) and DVT (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75-0.97; p = 0.015). In addition, suggestive association of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with PE (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.06-1.37; p = 0.005) was observed. Multivariable MR analysis showed that the effect of cytokines on VTE was partly mediated through hemoglobin A1c and systolic blood pressure. Reverse MR analysis revealed that VTE was linked to decreased levels of several cytokines. CONCLUSION We provide suggestive genetic evidence supporting the bidirectional causal effect between circulating cytokines and VTE, highlighting the importance of targeting circulating cytokines to reduce the incidence of VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Pengpeng Su
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangkun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiajun Ying
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
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Juhász L, Lőrincz H, Szentpéteri A, Tóth N, Varga É, Paragh G, Harangi M. Decreased Serum Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Its Strong Correlation with Lipoprotein Subfractions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15308. [PMID: 37894988 PMCID: PMC10607113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine that exerts multifaceted roles in atherosclerosis. However, its association with hyperlipidemia is contradictory. To date, serum SDF-1 and its correlations with lipid fractions and subfractions in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) have not been investigated. Eighty-one untreated patients with HeFH and 32 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum SDF-1, oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined by ELISA. Lipoprotein subfractions were detected by Lipoprint. We diagnosed FH using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria. Significantly lower serum SDF-1 was found in HeFH patients compared to healthy controls. Significant negative correlations were detected between serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100) and SDF-1. Furthermore, serum SDF-1 negatively correlated with VLDL and IDL, as well as large LDL and large and intermediate HDL subfractions, while there was a positive correlation between mean LDL-size, small HDL and SDF-1. SDF-1 negatively correlated with oxLDL and MPO. A backward stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the best predictors of serum SDF-1 were VLDL and oxLDL. The strong correlation of SDF-1 with lipid fractions and subfractions highlights the potential common pathways of SDF-1 and lipoprotein metabolism, which supports the role of SDF-1 in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Juhász
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Lőrincz
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Szentpéteri
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nóra Tóth
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Varga
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Paragh
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mariann Harangi
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group 11003, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Ghandy N, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Gorji A, Negah SS. Co-transplantation of novel Nano-SDF scaffold with human neural stem cells attenuates inflammatory responses and apoptosis in traumatic brain injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109709. [PMID: 36638659 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes long-term disability and mortality worldwide. The prime pathological players in TBI are neuroinflammation and apoptosis. These pathological changes lead to a limited capacity of regeneration after TBI. To alleviate inflammatory responses and apoptosis triggered by TBI, developing bioactive scaffolds conjoined with stem cells is a decisive approach in neural tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to fabricate a novel nano-scaffold made of RADA-16 with a bioactive motif of stromal cell-derived factor-1 α (SDF-1α) and evaluate its effects with stem cell transplantation on inflammatory pathways, reactive gliosis, and apoptosis after TBI. Co-transplantation of Nano-SDF and human neural stem cells (hNSCs) derived from fetus brain in adult rats subjected to TBI led to the improvement of motor activitycompared with the control group. The treated animals with hNSCs + Nano-SDF had a significantly lower expression of toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-kappa B at the injury site than the control animals. A significant reduction in the number of reactive astrocytes was also observed in rats that received hNSCs + Nano-SDF compared with the vehicle and Nano-SDF groups. Furthermore, the TUNEL assay indicated a significant reduction in TUNEL positive cells in the hNSCs + Nano-SDF group compared with the TBI, vehicle, and Nano-SDF groups. These data demonstrated co-transplantation of hNSCs with Nano-SDF can reduce inflammatory responses and cell death after TBI via creating a more supportive microenvironment. Further research is required to establish the therapeutic efficacy of Nano-SDF with stem cells for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Ghandy
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ali Gorji
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Sajad Sahab Negah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Huang H, Huang W. Regulation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Functions in Ischemic Heart Disease: New Therapeutic Targets for Cardiac Remodeling and Repair. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:896782. [PMID: 35677696 PMCID: PMC9167961 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.896782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ischemia and hypoxia following myocardial infarction (MI) cause subsequent cardiomyocyte (CM) loss, cardiac remodeling, and heart failure. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are involved in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and paracrine effects and thus have important clinical value in alternative processes for repairing damaged hearts. In fact, this study showed that the endogenous repair of EPCs may not be limited to a single cell type. EPC interactions with cardiac cell populations and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ischemic heart disease can attenuate cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in a microenvironment, regulate cell survival and apoptosis, nourish CMs, enhance mature neovascularization, alleviate adverse ventricular remodeling after infarction and enhance ventricular function. In this review, we introduce the definition and discuss the origin and biological characteristics of EPCs and summarize the mechanisms of EPC recruitment in ischemic heart disease. We focus on the crosstalk between EPCs and endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), CMs, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), and MSCs during cardiac remodeling and repair. Finally, we discuss the translation of EPC therapy to the clinic and treatment strategies.
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Huang H, Xu Z, Qi Y, Zhang W, Zhang C, Jiang M, Deng S, Wang H. Exosomes from SIRT1-Overexpressing ADSCs Restore Cardiac Function by Improving Angiogenic Function of EPCs. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:737-750. [PMID: 32771925 PMCID: PMC7412761 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether exosomes from Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-overexpressing adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) had a protective effect on AMI. The expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) was significantly downregulated in peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from AMI patients (AMI-EPCs) compared with that in healthy donors, which coincided with impaired tube formation. The exosomes from SIRT1 overexpression in ADSCs (ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos) increased the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) and nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) in AMI-EPCs, which promoted migration and tube formation of AMI-EPCs, and overexpression of CXCR7 helped AMI-EPCs to restore the function of cell migration and tube formation. Moreover, CXCR7 was downregulated in the myocardium of AMI mice, and knockout of CXCR7 exacerbated AMI-induced impairment of cardiovascular function. Injection of ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos increased the survival and promoted the recovery of myocardial function with reduced infarct size and post-AMI left ventricular remodeling, induced vasculogenesis, and decreased AMI-induced myocardial inflammation. These findings showed that ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos may recruit EPCs to the repair area and that this recruitment may be mediated by Nrf2/CXCL12/CXCR7 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Chenjun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Shengqiong Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China.
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Wang K, Li B, Xie Y, Xia N, Li M, Gao G. Statin rosuvastatin inhibits apoptosis of human coronary artery endothelial cells through upregulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2052-2062. [PMID: 32582964 PMCID: PMC7411340 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to explore the potential molecular signaling pathway mediated by the statin rosuvastatin in cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) induced by CoCl2. CoCl2 was used to induce the apoptosis of HCAECs. Myocardial infarction rats were established and received statin or PBS treatment. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting, ELISA, TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the role of statin treatment. The results showed that rosuvastatin treatment decreased apoptosis of HCAECs induced by CoCl2 by increasing anti‑apoptosis Bcl‑xl and Bcl‑2 expression, and decreasing pro‑apoptosis Bax, Bad, caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 expression. The myocardial ischemia rat model demonstrated that rosuvastatin treatment decreased the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, inflammation, mitochondrial damage, lipid catabolism, heart failure and the myocardial infarction areas, but improved the cardiac function indicators, right and left ventricular ejection fraction and increased expression levels of Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 in myocardial tissue. In conclusion, the results of the current study revealed that the statin rosuvastatin presents cardioprotective effects by activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuijing Wang
- Cadre Ward (Geriatric), The First Hospital of Harbin in Heilongjiang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Harbin in Heilongjiang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Cadre Ward (Geriatric), The First Hospital of Harbin in Heilongjiang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Nan Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Harbin in Heilongjiang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Li
- Cadre Ward (Geriatric), The First Hospital of Harbin in Heilongjiang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Guang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, AnZhen Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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7
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Xu J, Xiong Y, Li Q, Hu M, Huang P, Xu J, Tian X, Jin C, Liu J, Qian L, Yang Y. Optimization of Timing and Times for Administration of Atorvastatin-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Preclinical Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1068-1083. [PMID: 31245934 PMCID: PMC6766601 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that the combination of atorvastatin (ATV) and single injection of ATV-pretreated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (ATV -MSCs) at 1 week post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) promoted MSC recruitment and survival. This study aimed to investigate whether the combinatorial therapy of intensive ATV with multiple injections of ATV -MSCs has greater efficacy at different stages to better define the optimal strategy for MSC therapy in AMI. In order to determine the optimal time window for MSC treatment, we first assessed stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) dynamic expression and inflammation. Next, we compared MSC recruitment and differentiation, cardiac function, infarct size, and angiogenesis among animal groups with single, dual, and triple injections of ATV -MSCs at early (Early1, Early2, Early3), mid-term (Mid1, Mid2, Mid3), and late (Late1, Late2, Late3) stages. Compared with AMI control, intensive ATV significantly augmented SDF-1 expression 1.5∼2.6-fold in peri-infarcted region with inhibited inflammation. ATV -MSCs implantation with ATV administration further enhanced MSC recruitment rate by 3.9%∼24.0%, improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by 2.0%∼16.2%, and reduced infarct size in all groups 6 weeks post-AMI with most prominent improvement in mid groups and still effective in late groups. Mechanistically, ATV -MSCs remarkably suppressed inflammation and apoptosis while increasing angiogenesis. Furthermore, triple injections of ATV -MSCs were much more effective than single administration during early and mid-term stages of AMI with the best effects in Mid3 group. We conclude that the optimal strategy is multiple injections of ATV -MSCs combined with intensive ATV administration at mid-term stage of AMI. The translational potential of this strategy is clinically promising. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1068-1083.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
| | - Yu‐Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Meng‐Jin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Pei‐Sen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
| | - Jun‐Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xia‐Qiu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jian‐Dong Liu
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
| | - Li Qian
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUnited States
| | - Yue‐Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPeople's Republic of China
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Tian XQ, Yang YJ, Li Q, Xu J, Huang PS, Xiong YY, Li XD, Jin C, Qi K, Jiang LP, Chen GH, Qian L, Liu J, Geng YJ. Combined therapy with atorvastatin and atorvastatin-pretreated mesenchymal stem cells enhances cardiac performance after acute myocardial infarction by activating SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4214-4231. [PMID: 31396330 PMCID: PMC6684913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling plays a critical role in the trafficking of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the sites of tissue damage. Our recent study demonstrated that atorvastatin (ATV) treatment improved the survival of MSCs, and ATV pretreated MSCs (ATV-MSCs) exhibited enhanced engraftment to injured myocardium. In this study, we investigated whether combined treatment with ATV and ATV-MSCs enhances cardiac repair and regeneration by activating SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction. Rats were randomized into eight groups: the Sham, AMI control and 6 other groups that were subjected to AMI followed by treatment with MSCs, ATV, ATV+MSCs, ATV-MSCs, ATV+ATV-MSCs, ATV+ATV-MSCs+AMD3100 (SDF-1/CXCR4 antagonist), respectively. ATV+ATV-MSCs significantly potentiated targeted recruitment of MSCs to peri-infarct myocardium and resulted in further improvements in cardiac function and reduction in scar size compared with MSCs treatment alone at 4-week after AMI. More importantly, the cardioprotective effects conferred by ATV+ATV-MSCs were almost completely abolished by AMD3100 treatment. Together, our study demonstrated that ATV+ATV-MSCs significantly enhanced the targeted recruitment and survival of transplanted MSCs, and resulted in subsequent cardiac function improvement by augmenting SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Qiu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Sen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei-Pei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gui-Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Jiandong Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Yong-Jian Geng
- The Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston 77030, Texas, United States
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Shishehbor MH, Rundback J, Bunte M, Hammad TA, Miller L, Patel PD, Sadanandan S, Fitzgerald M, Pastore J, Kashyap V, Henry TD. SDF-1 plasmid treatment for patients with peripheral artery disease (STOP-PAD): Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Vasc Med 2019; 24:200-207. [DOI: 10.1177/1358863x18817610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of biologic therapies in critical limb ischemia (CLI) remains elusive, in part, due to limitations in trial design and patient selection. Using a novel design, we examined the impact of complementing revascularization therapy with intramuscular JVS-100 – a non-viral gene therapy that activates endogenous regenerative repair pathways. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 2B trial, we randomized 109 patients with CLI (Rutherford class V or VI) to 8 mg or 16 mg intramuscular injections of placebo versus JVS-100. Patients were eligible if they persistently had reduced forefoot perfusion, by toe–brachial index (TBI) or skin perfusion pressure (SPP), following successful revascularization with angiographic demonstration of tibial arterial flow to the ankle. The primary efficacy end point was a 3-month wound healing score assessed by an independent wound core laboratory. The primary safety end point was major adverse limb events (MALE). Patients’ mean age was 71 years, 33% were women, 79% had diabetes, and 8% had end-stage renal disease. TBI after revascularization was 0.26, 0.27, and 0.26 among the three groups (placebo, 8 mg, and 16 mg injections, respectively). Only 26% of wounds completely healed at 3 months, without any differences between the three groups (26.5%, 26.5%, and 25%, respectively). Similarly, there were no significant changes in TBI at 3 months. Three (2.8%) patients died and two (1.8%) had major amputations. Rates of MALE at 3 months were 8.8%, 20%, and 8.3%, respectively. While safe, JVS-100 failed to improve wound healing or hemodynamic measures at 3 months. Only one-quarter of CLI wounds healed at 3 months despite successful revascularization, highlighting the need for additional research in therapies that can improve microcirculation in these patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02544204
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi H Shishehbor
- Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Vascular Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - John Rundback
- Interventional Institute, Holy Name Medical Center, Teaneck, NJ, USA
| | - Matthew Bunte
- Department of Cardiology, Saint Luke’s Health Systems, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Tarek A Hammad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Leslie Miller
- Department of Cardiology, Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, FL, USA
| | - Parag D Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, FL, USA
| | | | - Michael Fitzgerald
- Department of Clinical Product Development, Juventas Therapeutics, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joseph Pastore
- Department of Clinical Product Development, Juventas Therapeutics, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vikram Kashyap
- Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Vascular Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Timothy D Henry
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Zhu B, Gong Y, Yan G, Wang D, Wang Q, Qiao Y, Hou J, Liu B, Tang C. Atorvastatin treatment modulates
p16
promoter methylation to regulate
p16
expression. FEBS J 2017; 284:1868-1881. [PMID: 28425161 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boqian Zhu
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
| | - Yaoyao Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China
| | - Gaoliang Yan
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
| | - Qingjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
| | - Yong Qiao
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
| | - Jiantong Hou
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
| | - Chengchun Tang
- Department of Cardiology Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing China
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11
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Atorvastatin Modulates Regulatory T Cells and Attenuates Cerebral Damage in a Model of Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2016; 12:152-162. [PMID: 27614888 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-016-9706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) inhibit the activation of the immune response which could down-regulate the systemic and focal activation observed during ischemic stroke. In fact, in animal models, Tregs infiltrate the infarcted brain and reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine production and infarct volume, mainly in late stages of ischemia. Recently, an expansion and greater suppressive capacity of circulating Tregs after treatment with statins was observed, in addition to their cardio- and neuroprotective actions demonstrated previously. Thus, to determine whether Treg modulation mediated by statins can also be beneficial during stroke, cerebral ischemia was artificially induced in Wistar rats by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) during 60 minutes with subsequent reperfusion for 7 days. Six hours after surgery, some animals were treated with atorvastatin (ATV, 10 mg/kg) or carboxymethylcellulose as vehicle at the same concentration every other day during 7 days. Some animals were sham operated as control group of surgery. Interestingly, ATV treatment prevented the development of infarct volume, reduced the neurological deficits, and the circulating and cervical lymph node CD25+FoxP3+ Treg population. Moreover, there was a reduction of glial cell activation, which correlated with decreased circulating Tregs. Remarkably, treatment with ATV induced an increase in the frequency of CD4+CD25+ T cells, in particular of those expressing CTLA-4, in brain samples. Together, these results suggest that ATV can modulate Tregs in peripheral tissue and favor their accumulation in the brain, where they can exert neuroprotective actions maybe by the reduction of glial cell activation.
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12
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Cell Therapy in Ischemic Heart Disease: Interventions That Modulate Cardiac Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:2171035. [PMID: 26880938 PMCID: PMC4736413 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2171035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of severe ischemic heart disease caused by coronary obstruction has progressively increased. Alternative forms of treatment have been studied in an attempt to regenerate myocardial tissue, induce angiogenesis, and improve clinical conditions. In this context, cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative using cells with regenerative potential, focusing on the release of paracrine and autocrine factors that contribute to cell survival, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Evidence of the safety, feasibility, and potential effectiveness of cell therapy has emerged from several clinical trials using different lineages of adult stem cells. The clinical benefit, however, is not yet well established. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of cell therapy in terms of regenerative and angiogenic capacity after myocardial ischemia. In addition, we addressed nonpharmacological interventions that may influence this therapeutic practice, such as diet and physical training. This review brings together current data on pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to improve cell homing and cardiac repair.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Anping Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (A.C., Y.Z., L.L.)
| | - Yingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (A.C., Y.Z., L.L.)
| | - Liwen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (A.C., Y.Z., L.L.)
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14
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Li N, Yang YJ, Qian HY, Li Q, Zhang Q, Li XD, Dong QT, Xu H, Song L, Zhang H. Intravenous administration of atorvastatin-pretreated mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac performance after acute myocardial infarction: role of CXCR4. Am J Transl Res 2015; 7:1058-1070. [PMID: 26279750 PMCID: PMC4532739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) plays an important role in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migration and engraftment. Statins can increase the survival of MSCs. However, whether statins could enhance MSCs migration and engraftment is still unknown. Therefore, we designed the study to investigate whether atorvastatin (ATV) could enhance CXCR4 expression of MSCs and promote them homing toward the injured myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS Expression of CXCR4 was evaluated by flow cytometry and real time PCR. A transwell system was used to assess MSCs migration ability. Recruitment of systematically delivered MSCs to the infarcted heart was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). ATV pretreatment enhanced the expression of CXCR4 and stimulated MSCs migration in vitro. However, the effect was largely abolished by CXCR4 neutralizing antibody. In AMI models, we found much more ATV-pretreated MSCs homing toward the infarcted myocardium than non-treated cells and this was accompanied by improved cardiac performance. CONCLUSIONS ATV increases the migration ability of MSCs and improves cardiac performance due to up-regulated expression of CXCR4. These results suggest that ATV pretreatment of donor MSCs is an effective way to promote cell therapeutic potential for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Ting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
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15
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Zheng D, Liang Q, Zeng F, Mai Z, Cai A, Qiu R, Xu R, Li D, Mai W. Atorvastatin protects endothelium by decreasing asymmetric dimethylarginine in dyslipidemia rats. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:41. [PMID: 25934565 PMCID: PMC4428246 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an inhibitor of endogenous nitric oxide synthase, which is the key synthase for nitric oxide (NO) production. Whether statins could protect endothelium by reducing ADMA concentration is unclear, and whether this effect is associated with the dose of statins usage is also needed further studied. Methods Dyslipidemia rat model was produced by giving high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks. Thereafter, low-dose (5 mg/kg body weight/day) and high-dose (20 mg/kg body weight/day) atorvastatin were orally prescribed for 4 weeks. Parameters of interest including lipid profiles, inflammatory and oxidative markers, NO production and plasma levels of ADMA and ADMA concentration of myocardium were evaluated. Liver enzymes and creatinine kinase (CK) were also detected for safety concern. Results At baseline, all parameters were comparable between the sham and the dyslipidemia groups. At 8 weeks of dyslipidemia establishment, as compared to the sham group, body weight and lipid profiles were significantly elevated, and plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and ADMA were concomitantly increased in accompanying with NO reduction in the dyslipidemia groups. With 4 weeks of atorvastatin therapy, as compared to the control group, lipid disorders and NO production were improved, and plasma levels of CRP, MDA and ADMA were significantly decreased in the high-dose atorvastatin group. ADMA concentration of cardiac tissues was also significantly reduced in the high-dose atorvastatin group. Notably, there was a trend to similar effects which did not reach statistical significance in the low-dose atorvastatin group when compared to the control group. Liver enzyme and CK were comparable after 4 weeks of atorvastatin therapy between groups. Conclusion In rats with dyslipidemia, atorvastatin therapy could reduce plasma level of ADMA and ADMA concentration in cardiac tissues, and these effects are associated with the dose of atorvastatin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - FanFang Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Zhuocheng Mai
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Anping Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Ruofeng Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Rulin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Dongjuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Weiyi Mai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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16
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Wang Y, Tian Z, Zang W, Jiang H, Li Y, Wang S, Chen S. Exercise training reduces insulin resistance in postmyocardial infarction rats. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/4/e12339. [PMID: 25907785 PMCID: PMC4425954 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) induces cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR). This study examines the effects of MI-related IR on vasorelaxation and its underlying mechanisms, with a specific focus on the role of exercise in reversing the impaired vasorelaxation. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: Sham, MI, and MI+Exercise. MI+Exercise rats were subjected to 8 weeks of treadmill training. Cardiac contraction, myocardial and arterial structure, vasorelaxation, levels of inflammatory cytokines, expression of eNOS and TNF-α, and activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) were determined in aortas. MI significantly impaired endothelial structure and vasodilation (P < 0.05-0.01), as indicated by decreased arterial vasorelaxation to ACh and insulin. MI also attenuated the myocardial contractile response, decreased aortic PI3K/Akt/eNOS expression and phosphorylation by insulin, and increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression and p38 MAPK activity (P < 0.05-0.01). Exercise improved insulin sensitivity in aortas, facilitated myocardial contractile response and arterial vasorelaxation to ACh and insulin, and increased arterial PI3K/Akt/eNOS activity. Moreover, exercise markedly reversed increased p38 MAPK activity and normalized inflammatory cytokines in post-MI arteries. Inhibition of PI3K with LY-294002, and eNOS with L-NAME significantly blocked arterial vasorelaxation and PI3K/Akt/eNOS phosphorylation in response to insulin. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that endothelial dysfunction in response to insulin plays an important role in MI-related IR. The reversal of IR by exercise is most likely associated with normalizing inflammatory cytokines, increasing the activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS, and reducing the activation of p38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhua Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Zhenjun Tian
- Department of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongke Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Youyou Li
- Department of Physiology and Department of Cardiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Song X, Liu H, Wang X, Li Z, Huang C. Atorvastatin combined with poly-unsaturated fatty acid confers better improvement of dyslipidemia and endothelium function. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:186. [PMID: 25491404 PMCID: PMC4292817 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atorvastatin and poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) are beneficial for lipid-modification, whether atorvastatin plus PUFA could confer better improvement on dyslipidemia and endothelium function is unknown. Methods Dyslipidemia model of 40 rabbits were produced with atherogenic diet, and thereafter saline, atorvastatin, PUFA, or atorvastatin plus PUFA were prescribed for 1 week. Ten rabbits given normal diet served as the sham group. Parameters of interest including lipid profiles, endothelium function (nitric oxide, NO) and activation (solution vascular-cellular adhesion molecule, (sVCAM) and intracellular adhesion molecule, (sICAM)), markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, CRP) and oxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) were compared among groups. Results There was no significant difference of parameters among groups at the initial. With 1 week of atherogenic diet administration, serum levels of lipid profiles, sVCAM and sICAM, CRP and MDA were significantly increased, accompanying with profound NO reduction, as compared to the sham group. After 1 week of medical intervention, as compared to the control group (saline administration), dyslipidemia and endothelium function were modestly improved with either atorvastatin or PUFA therapy. Nevertheless, these efficacies were further and significantly enhanced with combined therapy when compared to the control group (p < 0.005), suggesting that there was synergistic effects of atorvastatin and PUFA co-therapy in rabbits with dyslipidemia. Conclusion Atorvastatin plus PUFA therapy could immediately contribute to better improvement of lipid-modification and endothelium function in rabbits with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying People's Hospital, Shandong 257000, China.
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18
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Liu Y, Huang C, Ceng C, Zhan H, Zheng D, Han W. Metformin enhances nitric oxide production and diminishes Rho kinase activity in rats with hyperlipidemia. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:115. [PMID: 25028180 PMCID: PMC4109376 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rho kinase over-activation is associated with nitric oxide (NO) reduction and atherosclerosis. Metformin is favorable for endothelial function improvement and cardiovascular outcomes. Whether cardio-protective effect of metformin is associated with Rho kinase activity is unknown. METHODS Hyperlipidemia model of rats were established accordingly. Thereafter, medical interventions in terms of atorvastatin, metformin or combined therapy were administered for 4 weeks. Laboratory parameters were compared among each groups at initial, 6 weeks of high-fat and high-cholesterol diet administration, and 4 weeks of medical intervention. Lineal regression analyses were performed. RESULTS No significant difference of laboratory parameters was observed initially. Six weeks of high-fat and high-cholesterol diet administration, serum levels of cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and Rho kinase activity were significantly increased while NO production was concomitantly reduced in comparison to the sham group. After 4 weeks of medical intervention, CRP level and Rho kinase activity were profoundly diminished while NO production was significantly enhanced in the atorvastatin and metformin groups, and these benefits were further enhanced with combined therapy. Lineal regression analyses showed that Rho kinase activity was negatively correlated with NO production but positively correlated with CRP level. CONCLUSION In rats with hyperlipidemia, metformin and atorvastatin therapy is favorable for NO production and CRP reduction, which might be associated with Rho kinase activity decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- The Third people's hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Congwu Huang
- The Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chuan Ceng
- The Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haiyong Zhan
- The Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dongdan Zheng
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weixing Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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19
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Ma W, Liu Y, Wang C, Zhang L, Crocker L, Shen J. Atorvastatin inhibits CXCR7 induction to reduce macrophage migration. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 89:99-108. [PMID: 24582769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We have recently reported that CXCR7, the alternate high affinity SDF-1 receptor, is induced during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, leading to increased macrophage phagocytosis linked to atherosclerosis. Statins, the most widely used medications for atherosclerosis, were shown to have pleiotropic beneficial effects independent of their cholesterol-lowering activity. This study aimed to determine whether induction of CXCR7 during macrophage differentiation is inhibited by statins and its significance on macrophage physiology. Here we show for the first time that atorvastatin dose-dependently inhibited CXCR7 mRNA and protein expression in THP-1 macrophages, without affecting the other SDF-1 receptor, CXCR4. Pharmacotherapy relevant dose of atorvastatin affected neither cell viability nor macrophage differentiation. Suppression of CXCR7 expression was completely reversed by supplementation with mevalonate. Inhibition of squalene synthase, the enzyme committed to cholesterol biosynthesis, also decreased CXCR7 induction, albeit not as efficacious as atorvastatin. However, the geranylgeranyl transferase inhibitor, GGTI-286, the farnesyl transferase inhibitor, FTI-276, and the Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, all failed to mimic the effect of atorvastatin, suggesting that the protein prenylation pathways are not critical for atorvastatin inhibition of CXCR7 induction. Interestingly, the dramatic effect of atorvastatin was only partially mimicked by other statins including pravastatin, fluvastatin, mevastatin, and simvastatin. Furthermore, activation of CXCR7 by SDF-1, TC14012, or I-TAC all prompted macrophage migration, which was significantly suppressed by atorvastatin treatment, but not by the CXCR4 antagonist. We conclude that atorvastatin modulates macrophage migration by down-regulating CXCR7 expression, suggesting a new CXCR7-dependent mechanism of atorvastatin to benefit atherosclerosis treatment beyond its lipid lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanshu Ma
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Chuan Wang
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Lingxin Zhang
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Laura Crocker
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States.
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Sun W, Liu J, Huan Y, Zhang C. Intracranial injection of recombinant stromal-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) attenuates traumatic brain injury in rats. Inflamm Res 2013; 63:287-97. [PMID: 24352531 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-013-0699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate the role of stromal-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) in a secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats, and to further elucidate its underlying regulatory mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent TBI for 30 min, and then received intracranial injections of recombinant SDF-1α, SDF-1α antibody, or saline as a vehicle control. At 24 h after TBI, brain tissues from the experimental animals were subjected to histology, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blot analyses. RESULTS TBI-induced brain edema and blood-brain barrier disruption were ameliorated by post-injury injections of SDF-1α. TBI-induced neuronal degradation and apoptosis, accompanied by increased cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP and Bax, and decreased Bcl-2 were found to be attenuated by SDF-1α injection. Nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels decreased in SDF-1α treated animals after TBI. SDF-1α repressed inflammatory responses by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. However, neutralizing the effect of SDF-1α with its antibody abolished these therapeutic alterations in TBI animals. Importantly, SDF-1α attenuated the brain lesion by affecting the ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways after mechanical head trauma in rats. CONCLUSIONS SDF-1α ameliorates mechanical trauma-induced pathological changes via its anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory action in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
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21
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Cai A, Qiu R, Li L, Zheng D, Dong Y, Yu D, Huang Y, Rao S, Zhou Y, Mai W. Atorvastatin treatment of rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury improves adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell migration and survival via the SDF-1α/CXCR-4 axis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79100. [PMID: 24312447 PMCID: PMC3846471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) transplantation is a promising approach for myocardium repair. Promotion of ASCs migration and survival is the key for improving ASCs efficiency. SDF-1α is a critical factor responsible for ASCs migration and survival. Atorvastatin (Ator) is capable of up-regulating SDF-1α. Therefore, we're going to investigate whether ASCs migration and survival could be improved with atorvastatin. Methods In vitro study, cardiomyocytes were subjected to anoxia-reoxygenation injury and subsequently divided into different groups: group blank control, Ator, Ator plus L-NAME (A+L-NAME) and Ator plus AMD3100 (A+AMD3100).When migration analysis completed, cardiomyocytes were used for subsequent analyses. In vivo study, rats underwent ischemia-reperfusion injury were assigned into different groups corresponding to in vitro protocols. ASCs were transplanted on the seventh day of atorvastatin therapy. Seven days later, the rates of migration, differentiation and apoptosis were evaluated. Results Compared with other groups, ASCs migration in vitro was significantly improved in group Ator, which was dependent on SDF-1α/CXCR-4 coupling. Results of in vivo study were consistent with that of in vitro study, further supporting the notion that the efficacy of atorvastatin on ASCs migration improvement was related to SDF-1α/CXCR-4 axis. Higher vessel density in group Ator might be another mechanism responsible for migration improvement. Concomitantly, apoptosis was significantly reduced in group Ator, whereas no significant difference of differentiation was found. Conclusion Migration and survival of ASCs could be improved by atorvastatin under ischemia-reperfusion injury, which were ascribed to SDF-1α/CXCR-4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anping Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruofeng Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongdan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danqing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqi Rao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (WM)
| | - Weiyi Mai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (WM)
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