1
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Hu L, Liu J, Wang L, Wang T, Zhang H, Cong L, Wang Q. Pathogenesis of allergic diseases and implications for therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:138. [PMID: 36964157 PMCID: PMC10039055 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic asthma (AAS), atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), and eczema are systemic diseases caused by an impaired immune system. Accompanied by high recurrence rates, the steadily rising incidence rates of these diseases are attracting increasing attention. The pathogenesis of allergic diseases is complex and involves many factors, including maternal-fetal environment, living environment, genetics, epigenetics, and the body's immune status. The pathogenesis of allergic diseases exhibits a marked heterogeneity, with phenotype and endotype defining visible features and associated molecular mechanisms, respectively. With the rapid development of immunology, molecular biology, and biotechnology, many new biological drugs have been designed for the treatment of allergic diseases, including anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE), anti-interleukin (IL)-5, and anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)/IL-4, to control symptoms. For doctors and scientists, it is becoming more and more important to understand the influencing factors, pathogenesis, and treatment progress of allergic diseases. This review aimed to assess the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic interventions of allergic diseases, including AR, AAS, AD, and FA. We hope to help doctors and scientists understand allergic diseases systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Zhou
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Linhan Hu
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Juntong Liu
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 1000210, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Linpeng Cong
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China.
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2
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Qian L, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SM, Athari SS. Mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. J Investig Med 2022; 70:863-882. [PMID: 35168999 PMCID: PMC9016245 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems, cellular differentiation, growth, death, apoptosis, and autophagy as well as hypoxic stress responses in various diseases. Asthma is a chronic complicated airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling of airway. The asthma mortality and morbidity rates have increased worldwide, so understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma progression is necessary for new anti-asthma drug development. The lung is an oxygen-rich organ, and mitochondria, by sensing and processing O2, contribute to the generation of ROS and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Asthma pathophysiology has been tightly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP synthase activity, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis induction, and abnormal calcium homeostasis. Defects of the mitochondrial play an essential role in the pro-remodeling mechanisms of lung fibrosis and airway cells' apoptosis. Identification of mitochondrial therapeutic targets can help repair mitochondrial biogenesis and dysfunction and reverse related pathological changes and lung structural remodeling in asthma. Therefore, we here overviewed the relationship between mitochondrial signaling pathways and asthma pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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3
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Guo HL, Li L, Xu ZY, Jing X, Xia Y, Qiu JC, Ji X, Chen F, Xu J, Zhao F. Steroid-resistant Nephrotic Syndrome in Children: A Mini-review on Genetic Mechanisms, Predictive Biomarkers and Pharmacotherapy Strategies. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:319-329. [PMID: 33138756 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201102104412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) constitutes the second most frequent cause of chronic kidney disease in childhood. The etiology of SRNS remains largely unknown and no standardized treatment exists. Recent advances in genomics have helped to build understanding of the molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis of the disease. The genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins which are involved in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glucocorticoids (GCs) partially account for the different responses between patients with nephrotic syndrome. More importantly, single-gene causation in podocytes-associated proteins was found in approximately 30% of SRNS patients. Some potential biomarkers have been tested for their abilities to discriminate against pediatric patients who are sensitive to GCs treatment and patients who are resistant to the same therapy. This article reviews the recent findings on genetic mechanisms, predictive biomarkers and current therapies for SRNS with the goal to improve the management of children with this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ze-Yue Xu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jin-Chun Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Fatima S, Wagstaff KM, Lim SM, Polo JM, Young JC, Jans DA. The nuclear transporter importin 13 is critical for cell survival during embryonic stem cell differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:141-148. [PMID: 33333437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear transporter Importin (Imp, Ipo) 13 is known to transport various mammalian cargoes into/out of the nucleus, but its role in directing cell-fate is unclear. Here we examine the role of Imp13 in the maintenance of pluripotency and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for the first time, using an embryonic body (EB)-based model. When induced to differentiate, Ipo13-/- ESCs displayed slow proliferation, reduced EB size, and lower expression of the proliferation marker KI67, concomitant with an increase in the number of TUNEL+ nuclei compared to wildtype ESCs. At days 5 and 10 of differentiation, Ipo13-/- EBs also showed enhanced loss of the pluripotency transcript OCT3/4, and barely detectable clusters of OCT3/4 positive cells. Day 5 Ipo13-/- EBs further exhibited reduced levels of the mesodermal markers Brachyury and Mixl1, correlating with reduced numbers of haemoglobinised cells generated. Our findings suggest that Imp13 is critical to ESC survival as well as early post-gastrulation differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadma Fatima
- Nuclear Signalling Lab., Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Nuclear Signalling Lab., Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Mei Lim
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jose M Polo
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julia C Young
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A Jans
- Nuclear Signalling Lab., Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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5
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Zohud BA, Guo P, Zohud BA, Li F, Hao JJ, Shan X, Yu W, Guo W, Qin Y, Cai X. Importin 13 promotes NSCLC progression by mediating RFPL3 nuclear translocation and hTERT expression upregulation. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:879. [PMID: 33082305 PMCID: PMC7575581 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have reported that RFPL3 protein exerts its unique function as a transcriptional factor of hTERT promoter after being transported into the lung cancer cell nucleus. However, the detailed mechanism by which RFPL3 undergoes nuclear transport has not been reported yet. Here, we identified RFPL3 as a potential import cargo for IPO13, which was found to be overexpressed in NSCLC cells and tissues. IPO13 interacted with RFPL3 in lung cancer cells, and the knockdown of IPO13 led to the cytoplasmic accumulation of RFPL3, the decreased anchoring of RFPL3 at hTERT promoter, and the downregulation of hTERT expression. Moreover, IPO13 silencing suppressed tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. IHC analysis confirmed the positive correlation between the expression levels of IPO13 and hTERT in the tumor tissues from patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, the mechanistic study revealed that IPO13 recognized RFPL3 via a functional nuclear localization signal (NLS), which is located in the B30.2 domain at the C-terminal region of RFPL3. Of note, the presence of EGFR mutations was significantly related to the increased IPO13 expression. The EGFR-TKI Osimertinib downregulated IPO13 expression level in NSCLC cell lines with EGFR mutations, but not in EGFR wild-type ones. In summary, our data suggest that inhibition of IPO13 transport activity itself might be an alternative and potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | | | - Fengzhou Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Jiao J Hao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Xiu Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Wendan Yu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Yu Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China.
| | - Xin Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China.
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6
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Bastin M, Andreelli F. [Corticosteroid-induced diabetes: Novelties in pathophysiology and management]. Rev Med Interne 2020; 41:607-616. [PMID: 32782164 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes frequently occurs during corticosteroid treatment, sometimes necessitating urgent therapeutic management, with insulin for example. Corticosteroids induce insulin resistance in the liver, adipocytes and skeletal muscle, and have direct deleterious effects on insulin secretion. The development of insulin resistance during corticosteroid treatment, and the insufficient adaptation of insulin secretion, are key elements in the pathophysiology of corticosteroid-induced diabetes. The capacity of pancreatic β-cells to increase insulin secretion in response to insulin resistance is partly genetically determined. A familial history of type 2 diabetes is, therefore, a major risk factor for diabetes development on corticosteroid treatment. Corticosteroid treatments are usually initiated at a fairly high dose, which is subsequently decreased to the lowest level sufficient to achieve disease control. Pharmacological management of diabetes is needed in patients with blood glucose levels exceeding 2.16 g/l (12 mmol/l) and insulin therapy can be started when blood glucose levels are higher than 3.6 g/l (20 mmol/l) with clinical symptoms of diabetes. Insulin can then be replaced with oral hypoglycemic compounds when both blood glucose levels and corticosteroid dose have decreased. Patient education is essential, particularly for the management of hypoglycemia when corticosteroids are withdrawn or their dose tapered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bastin
- CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de diabétologie-métabolismes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - F Andreelli
- CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de diabétologie-métabolismes, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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7
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Cazzola M, Rogliani P, Calzetta L, Matera MG. Pharmacogenomic Response of Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Asthma: Considerations for Therapy. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2020; 13:261-271. [PMID: 32801837 PMCID: PMC7414974 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s231471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a large interindividual variability in response to ICSs in asthma. About 70% of the variance in ICS response is likely due at least partially to genetically determined characteristics of target genes. In this article, we examine the effects on the ICS response of gene variations in the corticosteroid pathway, and in the pharmacokinetics of corticosteroids, and also those outside the corticosteroid pathway, which have the potential to influence corticosteroid activity. Although the available evidence indicates that responses to ICSs in asthma are influenced by different genetic variants, there are still deep uncertainties as to whether a real association between these genetic variants and corticosteroid response could also possibly exist because there are difficulties in reproducing pharmacogenetic findings. This explains at least partly the insufficient use of pharmacogenomic data when treating asthmatic patients, which creates a real limitation to the proper use of ICSs in an era of precision medicine that links the right patient to the right treatment. Knowing and dealing with the genetic factors that influence the therapeutic ICS response is a fundamental condition for prescribing the right dose of ICS to the right patient at the right time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cazzola
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Luigino Calzetta
- Unit of Respiratory Disease and Lung Function, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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8
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Hejazian SM, Zununi Vahed S, Moghaddas Sani H, Nariman-Saleh-Fam Z, Bastami M, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Ardalan M, Samadi N. Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: pharmacogenetics and epigenetic points and views. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:147-156. [PMID: 31847609 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1702877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the first-line therapy for patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS), a common glomerular disease, that cause complete remission in most of the cases. In response to the treatment, NS patients are divided into glucocorticoid-sensitive and -resistant. This variation is due to the differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GCs in each patient that affect the response to the treatment modality. Since the genetic variations in drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporter proteins significantly impact the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of the applied medications, this review highlights the basic mechanisms of genetic variations involved in GCs metabolism in drug-resistant NS patients.Areas covered: This review explains the pharmacogenetic variations that influence the profile of GCs responses and their pharmacokinetics in NS patients. Moreover, the epigenetic variations including histone modifications and miRNA gene regulation that have an influence on GCs responses will review. A comprehensive literature search was performed using different keywords to the reviewed topics.Expert opinion: The accumulative data suggest the importance of pharmacogenetic studies to develop personalized therapies and increase the GCs responsiveness in these patients. It is imperative to know that genetic testing does not give absolute answers to all existing questions in steroid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Mina Hejazian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hakimeh Moghaddas Sani
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ziba Nariman-Saleh-Fam
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Nasser Samadi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Schijvens AM, Ter Heine R, de Wildt SN, Schreuder MF. Pharmacology and pharmacogenetics of prednisone and prednisolone in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:389-403. [PMID: 29549463 PMCID: PMC6349812 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-3929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common glomerular disorders in childhood. Glucocorticoids have been the cornerstone of the treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome for several decades, as the majority of children achieves complete remission after prednisone or prednisolone treatment. Currently, treatment guidelines for the first manifestation and relapse of nephrotic syndrome are mostly standardized, while large inter-individual variation is present in the clinical course of disease and side effects of glucocorticoid treatment. This review describes the mechanisms of glucocorticoid action and clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of prednisone and prednisolone in nephrotic syndrome patients. However, these mechanisms do not account for the large inter-individual variability in the response to glucocorticoid treatment. Previous research has shown that genetic factors can have a major influence on the pharmacokinetic and dynamic profile of the individual patient. Therefore, pharmacogenetics may have a promising role in personalized medicine for patients with nephrotic syndrome. Currently, little is known about the impact of genetic polymorphisms on glucocorticoid response and steroid-related toxicities in children with nephrotic syndrome. Although the evidence is limited, the data summarized in this study do suggest a role for pharmacogenetics to improve individualization of glucocorticoid therapy. Therefore, studies in larger cohorts with nephrotic syndrome patients are necessary to draw final conclusions about the influence of genetic polymorphisms on the glucocorticoid response and steroid-related toxicities to ultimately implement pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Schijvens
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, 804, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Ter Heine
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia N de Wildt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel F Schreuder
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, 804, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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10
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glucocorticosteroids (GCSs) remain the cornerstone of therapy for treating the inflammatory component of asthma. Clinical response to GCS is heterogeneous, varying both within asthma 'endotypes', as well as the same individual. Different factors and micro-environment can alter the canonical GCS-induced signalling pathways leading to reduced efficacy, collectively termed as GCS subsensitivity, which includes the entire spectrum of steroid insensitivity and steroid resistance. RECENT FINDINGS In the past, steroid subsensitivity has been associated with dysregulated expression of glucocorticoid-receptor isoforms, neutrophilic inflammation and Th17 cytokines, oxidative stress-inducing factors and their downstream effect on histone deacetylase activities and gene expression. The review highlights recent observations, such as GCS-induced dysregulation of key transcription factors involved in host defence, role of airway infections altering expression of critical regulatory elements like the noncoding microRNAs, and the importance of interleukin (IL)-10 in reinstating steroid response in key immune cells. Further, emerging concepts of autoimmunity triggered because of delayed resolution of eosinophilic inflammation (due to GCS subsensitivity) and observed lymphopenia (plausibly a side-effect of continued GCS use) are discussed. SUMMARY This review bridges concepts that have been known, and those under current investigation, providing both molecular and clinical insights to aid therapeutic strategies for optimal management of asthmatics with varying degree of steroid subsensitivity and disease severity, with particular emphasis on the PI3 kinase pathways.
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11
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Karyopherins in cancer. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 52:30-42. [PMID: 29414591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Malfunction of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport contributes to many diseases including cancer. Defective nuclear transport leads to changes in both the physiological levels and temporal-spatial location of tumor suppressors, proto-oncogenes and other macromolecules that in turn affect the tumorigenesis process and drug sensitivity of cancer cells. In addition to their nuclear transport functions in interphase, Karyopherin nuclear transport receptors also have important roles in mitosis and chromosomal integrity. Therefore, alterations in the expressions or regular functions of Karyopherins may have substantial effects on the course and outcome of diseases.
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12
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Fatima S, Wagstaff KM, Lieu KG, Davies RG, Tanaka SS, Yamaguchi YL, Loveland KL, Tam PP, Jans DA. Interactome of the inhibitory isoform of the nuclear transporter Importin 13. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:546-561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Song QQ, Xie WY, Tang YJ, Zhang J, Liu J. Genetic variation in the glucocorticoid pathway involved in interindividual differences in the glucocorticoid treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:293-316. [PMID: 28112586 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used for treating asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other autoimmune diseases. However, in a subgroup of patients, failure to respond to GCs is known as GC resistance or GC insensitivity. This represents an important barrier to effective treatment and a clinical problem requiring an urgent solution. Genetic variation in the GC pathway is a significant factor in interindividual differences in GC treatment. This article reviews the pharmacogenetics of GCs in diverse diseases based on the GC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Song
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P.R. China
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14
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Farzan N, Vijverberg SJH, Arets HG, Raaijmakers JAM, Maitland-van der Zee AH. Pharmacogenomics of inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene modifiers: a systematic review. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 47:271-293. [PMID: 27790783 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacogenetics studies of anti-inflammatory medication of asthma have expanded rapidly in recent decades, but the clinical value of their findings remains limited. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and leukotriene modifiers (LTMs) in patients with asthma. METHODS Articles published between 1999 and June 2015 were searched using PubMed and EMBASE. Pharmacogenomics/genetics studies of patients with asthma using ICS or LTMs were included if ≥1 of the following outcomes were studied: lung function, exacerbation rates or asthma symptoms. The studies of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) that had been replicated at least once were assessed in more detail. RESULTS In total, 59 publications were included in the systematic review: 26 addressed LTMs (including two genomewide Genome-Wide association studies [GWAS]) and 33 addressed ICS (including four GWAS). None of the GWAS reported similar results. Furthermore, none of the SNPs assessed in candidate gene studies were identified in a GWAS. No consistent reports were found for candidate gene studies of LTMs. In candidate gene studies of ICS, the most consistent results were found for rs28364072 in FCER2. This SNP was associated with all three outcomes of poor response, and the largest effect was reported with the risk of exacerbations (hazard ratio, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.64-9.51). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE There is a lack of replication of genetic variants associated with poor ICS or LTM response. The most consistent results were found for the FCER2 gene [encoding for a low-affinity IgE receptor (CD23)] and poor ICS response. Larger studies with well-phenotyped patients are needed to assess the clinical applicability of ICS and LTM pharmacogenomics/genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Farzan
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S J H Vijverberg
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H G Arets
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J A M Raaijmakers
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A H Maitland-van der Zee
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Nebesio TD, Renbarger JL, Nabhan ZM, Ross SE, Slaven JE, Li L, Walvoord EC, Eugster EA. Differential effects of hydrocortisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone on hormonal and pharmacokinetic profiles: a pilot study in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY 2016; 2016:17. [PMID: 27688786 PMCID: PMC5036261 DOI: 10.1186/s13633-016-0035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Little is known about the comparative effects of different glucocorticoids on the adrenal and growth hormone (GH) axes in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). We sought to compare the effects of hydrocortisone (HC), prednisone (PDN), and dexamethasone (DEX) in children with classic CAH and to investigate a potential role of pharmacogenetics. Methods Subjects were randomly assigned to three sequential 6-week courses of HC, PDN, and DEX, each followed by evaluation of adrenal hormones, IGF-1, GH, and body mass index (BMI). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis of genes in the glucocorticoid pathway was also performed. Results Nine prepubertal subjects aged 8.1 ± 2.3 years completed the study. Mean ACTH, androstenedione, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) values were lower following the DEX arm of the study than after subjects received HC (p ≤ 0.016) or PDN (p ≤ 0.002). 17-OHP was also lower after HC than PDN (p < 0.001). There was no difference in IGF-1, GH, or change in BMI. SNP analysis revealed significant associations between hormone concentrations, pharmacokinetic parameters, and variants in several glucocorticoid pathway genes (ABCB1, NR3C1, IP013, GLCCI1). Conclusions DEX resulted in marked adrenal suppression suggesting that its potency relative to hydrocortisone and prednisone was underestimated. SNPs conferred significant differences in responses between subjects. Although preliminary, these pilot data suggest that incorporating pharmacogenetics has the potential to eventually lead to targeted therapy in children with CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd D Nebesio
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology/Diabetology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Room 5960, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Jamie L Renbarger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA ; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Zeina M Nabhan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology/Diabetology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Room 5960, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Sydney E Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - James E Slaven
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Lang Li
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Emily C Walvoord
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology/Diabetology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Room 5960, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Erica A Eugster
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology/Diabetology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Room 5960, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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16
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Enhancing nuclear translocation: perspectives in inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Ther Deliv 2016; 6:443-51. [PMID: 25996043 DOI: 10.4155/tde.15.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroids are widely used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In contrast to their use in mild-to-moderate asthma, they are less efficacious in improving lung function and controlling the underlying inflammation in COPD. In most clinical trials, corticosteroids have shown little benefit in COPD, but have shown a greater clinical effect in combination with long-acting bronchodilators. Impaired corticosteroid activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been reported in corticosteroid-insensitive individuals. Reversal of corticosteroid-insensitivity by enhancing GR nuclear translocation is a potential therapeutic target. Preclinical studies suggest members of the nuclear receptor superfamily may facilitate glucocorticoid receptor nuclear translocation. Unravelling the mechanisms that govern GR nuclear translocation may identify novel therapeutic targets for reversing corticosteroid-insensitivity.
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17
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Gabryel M, Skrzypczak-Zielinska M, Kucharski MA, Slomski R, Dobrowolska A. The impact of genetic factors on response to glucocorticoids therapy in IBD. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:654-65. [PMID: 26776488 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2015.1132336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticosteroids (GCs) are used for many years as first-line drugs for the achievement of remission in exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, close to 20% of patients are resistant to GCs, and 40% of patients become dependent on GCs. The challenge of today's personalized medicine is the anticipation of the steroid therapy effects even before the initiation of treatment. As several studies show, individually variable response to GCs in population has a genetic background and may depend on gene variability encoding proteins involved in the function and metabolism of GCs. To those genes belong: NR3C1--responsible for the synthesis of GC receptor (GR); Hsp90, HSP70, STIP1, FKB5--genes of GR protein complex; ABCB1 and IPO13 coding glycoprotein p170; and importin 13--involved in GCs transport; IL1A, IL1B, IL2, IL4, IL8, IL10, TNF, and MIF--genes of the epithelial pro-inflammatory factors synthesis, which excessive activation causes steroid resistance as well as CYP3A4 and CYP3A5--encoding GCs biotransformation enzymes. This work systematizes and sums up the state of current knowledge in the field of pharmacogenetics as well as expectations for the future in the realm of individualized medicine in IBD patients treated with GC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Gabryel
- a Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
| | | | - Marcin A Kucharski
- a Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
| | - Ryszard Slomski
- b Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences , Poznan , Poland
- c Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , University of Life Sciences , Poznan , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- a Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
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18
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Cuzzoni E, De Iudicibus S, Franca R, Stocco G, Lucafò M, Pelin M, Favretto D, Pasini A, Montini G, Decorti G. Glucocorticoid pharmacogenetics in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:1631-48. [PMID: 26419298 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome represents the most common type of primary glomerular disease in children: glucocorticoids (GCs) are the first-line therapy, even if considerable interindividual differences in their efficacy and side effects have been reported. Immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs are mainly due to the GC-mediated transcription regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes. This mechanism of action is the result of a complex multistep pathway that involves the glucocorticoid receptor and several other proteins, encoded by polymorphic genes. Aim of this review is to highlight the current knowledge on genetic variants that could affect GC response, particularly focusing on children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Cuzzoni
- Graduate School in Reproduction & Developmental Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara De Iudicibus
- Institute for Maternal & Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, I-34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Raffaella Franca
- Institute for Maternal & Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, I-34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Stocco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marianna Lucafò
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Diego Favretto
- Institute for Maternal & Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, I-34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Pasini
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Montini
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Giuliana Decorti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
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19
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Tarnoki DL, Medda E, Tarnoki AD, Bikov A, Lazar Z, Fagnani C, Stazi MA, Karlinger K, Garami Z, Berczi V, Horvath I. Modest genetic influence on bronchodilator response: a study in healthy twins. Croat Med J 2015; 56:152-8. [PMID: 25891875 PMCID: PMC4410177 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2015.56.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the reasons for large standard deviation of bronchodilator response (BDR) and establish whether there is a potential heritable component in healthy subjects. Methods 67 monozygotic and 42 dizygotic adult twin pairs were assessed for bronchodilator response (%change in FEV1 after inhaling 400 µg salbutamol). Univariate quantitative genetic modeling was performed. Results Multiple regression modeling showed a significant association between BDR and sex and baseline FEV1 (P < 0.05), while no association was found with smoking habits, body mass index, or age. Within pair correlation in monozygotic twins was modest (0.332), but higher than in dizygotic twins (0.258). Age-, sex-, and baseline FEV1-adjusted genetic effect accounted for 14.9% (95% confidence interval, CI 0%-53.1%) of the variance of BDR, shared environmental effect for 18.4% (95% CI 0%-46.8%), and unshared environmental effect for 66.8% (95% CI 46.8%-88.7%). Conclusion Our twin study showed that individual differences in BDR can be mostly explained by unshared environmental effects. In addition, it is the first study to show low, insignificant hereditary influences, independently from sex, age, and baseline FEV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Laszlo Tarnoki
- David Laszlo Tarnoki, Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, 78/A Ulloi street, 1082 Budapest, Hungary,
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20
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Kimura M, Imamoto N. Biological significance of the importin-β family-dependent nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways. Traffic 2014; 15:727-48. [PMID: 24766099 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Importin-β family proteins (Imp-βs) are nucleocytoplasmic transport receptors (NTRs) that import and export proteins and RNAs through the nuclear pores. The family consists of 14-20 members depending on the biological species, and each member transports a specific group of cargoes. Thus, the Imp-βs mediate multiple, parallel transport pathways that can be regulated separately. In fact, the spatiotemporally differential expressions and the functional regulations of Imp-βs have been reported. Additionally, the biological significance of each pathway has been characterized by linking the function of a member of Imp-βs to a cellular consequence. Connecting these concepts, the regulation of the transport pathways conceivably induces alterations in the cellular physiological states. However, few studies have linked the regulation of an importin-β family NTR to an induced cellular response and the corresponding cargoes, despite the significance of this linkage in comprehending the biological relevance of the transport pathways. This review of recent reports on the regulation and biological functions of the Imp-βs highlights the significance of the transport pathways in physiological contexts and points out the possibility that the identification of yet unknown specific cargoes will reinforce the importance of transport regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kimura
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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21
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Importins and exportins regulating allergic immune responses. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:476357. [PMID: 24733961 PMCID: PMC3964845 DOI: 10.1155/2014/476357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of macromolecules is a well-controlled process involving importins and exportins. These karyopherins recognize and bind to receptor-mediated intracellular signals through specific signal sequences that are present on cargo proteins and transport into and out of the nucleus through nuclear pore complexes. Nuclear localization signals (NLS) present on cargo molecules to be imported while nuclear export signals (NES) on the molecules to be exported are recognized by importins and exportins, respectively. The classical NLS are found on many transcription factors and molecules that are involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. In addition, several immune modulators, including corticosteroids and vitamin D, elicit their cellular responses by regulating the expression and activity of importin molecules. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive list of importin and exportin molecules and their specific cargo that shuttled between cytoplasm and the nucleus. We also critically review the role and regulation of specific importin and exportin involved in the transport of activated transcription factors in allergic diseases, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and the potential target sites for developing better therapeutic approaches.
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22
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Hakim A, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM, Usmani OS. Importin‐7 mediates glucocorticoid receptor nuclear import and is impaired by oxidative stress, leading to glucocorticoid insensitivity. FASEB J 2013; 27:4510-9. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-222604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hakim
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
| | - Peter J. Barnes
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
| | - Omar S. Usmani
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College London and Royal Brompton HospitalLondonUK
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23
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Haas DM, Dantzer J, Lehmann AS, Philips S, Skaar TC, McCormick CL, Hebbring SJ, Jung J, Li L. The impact of glucocorticoid polymorphisms on markers of neonatal respiratory disease after antenatal betamethasone administration. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 208:215.e1-6. [PMID: 23295978 PMCID: PMC3583196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously demonstrated that maternal and fetal genotypes are associated independently with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. The objective of the current study was to determine the impact of maternal and fetal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key betamethasone pathways on respiratory outcomes that serve as markers for severity of disease. STUDY DESIGN DNA was obtained from women who were given betamethasone and from their infants. Samples were genotyped for 73 exploratory drug metabolism and glucocorticoid pathway SNPs. Clinical variables and neonatal outcomes were obtained. Logistic regression analysis that controlled for relevant clinical variables to determine SNP impact on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the need for respiratory support, and surfactant therapy use was performed. RESULTS Data from 109 women who delivered 117 infants were analyzed: 14.5% of the infants experienced BPD; 70.8% of the infants needed some respiratory support after birth, and 27.5% of the infants needed surfactant therapy. In a multivariable regression analysis, gestational age at delivery was associated with most neonatal respiratory outcomes (P ≤ .01), and chorioamnionitis was associated with BPD (P < .03). The following genotypes were associated with respiratory severity outcomes: BPD-fetal Importin 13 gene (IPO13; rs4448553; odds ratio [OR], 0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.00-0.92); surfactant use-maternal IPO13 (rs2428953 and 2486014; OR, 13.8; 95% CI, 1.80-105.5; and OR, 35.5; 95% CI, 1.71-736.6, respectively). CONCLUSION Several discrete maternal and fetal SNPs in the IPO13 family may be associated with neonatal respiratory outcomes after maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment for anticipated preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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24
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Haas DM, Lehmann AS, Skaar T, Philips S, McCormick CL, Beagle K, Hebbring SJ, Dantzer J, Li L, Jung J. The impact of drug metabolizing enzyme polymorphisms on outcomes after antenatal corticosteroid use. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 206:447.e17-24. [PMID: 22445700 PMCID: PMC3340461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of maternal and fetal single nucleotide polymorphisms in key betamethasone pathways on neonatal outcomes. STUDY DESIGN DNA was obtained from women given betamethasone and their infants. Samples were genotyped for 73 exploratory drug metabolism and glucocorticoid pathway single nucleotide polymorphisms. Clinical variables and neonatal outcomes were obtained. Logistic regression analysis using relevant clinical variables and genotypes to model for associations with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome was performed. RESULTS One hundred nine women delivering 117 infants were analyzed. Sixty-four infants (49%) developed respiratory distress syndrome. Multivariable analysis revealed that respiratory distress syndrome was associated with maternal single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP3A5 (odds ratio [OR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-2.30) and the glucocorticoid resistance (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.08-0.95) and fetal single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADCY9 (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.03-0.80) and CYP3A7*1E (rs28451617; OR, 23.68; 95% CI, 1.33-420.6). CONCLUSION Maternal and fetal genotypes are independently associated with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome after treatment with betamethasone for preterm labor.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Adenylyl Cyclases/genetics
- Adult
- Arylsulfotransferase/genetics
- Betamethasone/metabolism
- Betamethasone/therapeutic use
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Markers
- Genotyping Techniques
- Glucocorticoids/metabolism
- Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Logistic Models
- Multivariate Analysis
- Obstetric Labor, Premature
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Pregnancy
- ROC Curve
- Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/enzymology
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/genetics
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/prevention & control
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Haas
- The Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Vandevyver S, Dejager L, Libert C. On the trail of the glucocorticoid receptor: into the nucleus and back. Traffic 2011; 13:364-74. [PMID: 21951602 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) belongs to the superfamily of steroid receptors and is an important regulator of physiological and metabolic processes. In its inactive state, GR is unbound by ligand and resides in the cytoplasm in a chaperone complex. When it binds glucocorticoids, it is activated and translocates to the nucleus, where it functions as a transcription factor. However, the subcellular localization of GR is determined by the balance between its rates of nuclear import and export. The mechanism of GR nuclear transport has been extensively studied. Originally, it was believed that nuclear import of GR is initiated by dissociation of the chaperone complex in the cytoplasm. However, several studies show that the chaperone machinery is required for nuclear transport of GR. In this review, we summarize the contribution of various chaperone components involved in the nuclear transport of GR and propose an updated model of its nuclear import and export. Moreover, we review the importance of ligand-independent nuclear transport and compare the nuclear transport of GR with that of other steroid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Vandevyver
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent University, FSVM Building, Technologiepark 927, B9052, Ghent, Belgium
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Mormede P, Foury A, Barat P, Corcuff JB, Terenina E, Marissal-Arvy N, Moisan MP. Molecular genetics of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and function. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2011; 1220:127-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Iudicibus SD, Franca R, Martelossi S, Ventura A, Decorti G. Molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid resistance in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:1095-108. [PMID: 21448414 PMCID: PMC3063901 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i9.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural and synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely employed in a number of inflammatory, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases, and, despite the introduction of novel therapies, remain the first-line treatment for inducing remission in moderate to severe active Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite their extensive therapeutic use and the proven effectiveness, considerable clinical evidence of wide inter-individual differences in GC efficacy among patients has been reported, in particular when these agents are used in inflammatory diseases. In recent years, a detailed knowledge of the GC mechanism of action and of the genetic variants affecting GC activity at the molecular level has arisen from several studies. GCs interact with their cytoplasmic receptor, and are able to repress inflammatory gene expression through several distinct mechanisms. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is therefore crucial for the effects of these agents: mutations in the GR gene (NR3C1, nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1) are the primary cause of a rare, inherited form of GC resistance; in addition, several polymorphisms of this gene have been described and associated with GC response and toxicity. However, the GR is not self-standing in the cell and the receptor-mediated functions are the result of a complex interplay of GR and many other cellular partners. The latter comprise several chaperonins of the large cooperative hetero-oligomeric complex that binds the hormone-free GR in the cytosol, and several factors involved in the transcriptional machinery and chromatin remodeling, that are critical for the hormonal control of target genes transcription in the nucleus. Furthermore, variants in the principal effectors of GCs (e.g. cytokines and their regulators) have also to be taken into account for a comprehensive evaluation of the variability in GC response. Polymorphisms in genes involved in the transport and/or metabolism of these hormones have also been suggested as other possible candidates of interest that could play a role in the observed inter-individual differences in efficacy and toxicity. The best-characterized example is the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, a membrane transporter that extrudes GCs from cells, thereby lowering their intracellular concentration. This protein is encoded by the ABCB1/MDR1 gene; this gene presents different known polymorphic sites that can influence its expression and function. This editorial reviews the current knowledge on this topic and underlines the role of genetics in predicting GC clinical response. The ambitious goal of pharmacogenomic studies is to adapt therapies to a patient’s specific genetic background, thus improving on efficacy and safety rates.
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Asthma: Implications for Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Therapeutics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011; 4:429-456. [PMID: 21461182 PMCID: PMC3066010 DOI: 10.3390/ph4030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex, inflammatory disorder characterized by airflow obstruction of variable degrees, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and airway inflammation. Asthma is caused by environmental factors and a combination of genetic and environmental stimuli. Genetic studies have revealed that multiple loci are involved in the etiology of asthma. Recent cellular, molecular, and animal-model studies have revealed several cellular events that are involved in the progression of asthma, including: increased Th2 cytokines leading to the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the airway, and an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction in the activated inflammatory cells, leading to tissue injury in the bronchial epithelium. Further, aging and animal model studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are involved and play a large role in asthma. Recent studies using experimental allergic asthmatic mouse models and peripheral cells and tissues from asthmatic humans have revealed antioxidants as promising treatments for people with asthma. This article summarizes the latest research findings on the involvement of inflammatory changes, and mitochondrial dysfunction/oxidative stress in the development and progression of asthma. This article also addresses the relationship between aging and age-related immunity in triggering asthma, the antioxidant therapeutic strategies in treating people with asthma.
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Kanno Y, Miyazaki Y, Inouye Y. The nuclear import of the constitutive androstane receptor by importin/Ran-GTP systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2010; 1803:968-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Carpe N, Mandeville I, Ribeiro L, Ponton A, Martin JG, Kho AT, Chu JH, Tantisira K, Weiss ST, Raby BA, Kaplan F. Genetic influences on asthma susceptibility in the developing lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2010; 43:720-30. [PMID: 20118217 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0412oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the leading serious pediatric chronic illness in the United States, affecting 7.1 million children. The prevalence of asthma in children under 4 years of age has increased dramatically in the last 2 decades. Existing evidence suggests that this increase in prevalence derives from early environmental exposures acting on a pre-existing asthma-susceptible genotype. We studied the origins of asthma susceptibility in developing lung in rat strains that model the distinct phenotypes of airway hyperresponsiveness (Fisher rats) and atopy (brown Norway [BN] rats). Postnatal BN rat lungs showed increased epithelial proliferation and tracheal goblet cell hyperplasia. Fisher pups showed increased lung resistance at age 2 weeks, with elevated neutrophils throughout the postnatal period. Diverse transcriptomic signatures characterized the distinct respiratory phenotypes of developing lung in both rat models. Linear regression across age and strain identified developmental variation in expression of 1,376 genes, and confirmed both strain and temporal regulation of lung gene expression. Biological processes that were heavily represented included growth and development (including the T Box 1 transcription factor [Tbx5], the epidermal growth factor receptor [Egfr], the transforming growth factor beta-1-induced transcript 1 [Tgfbr1i1]), extracellular matrix and cell adhesion (including collagen and integrin genes), and immune function (including lymphocyte antigen 6 (Ly6) subunits, IL-17b, Toll-interacting protein, and Ficolin B). Genes validated by quantitative RT-PCR and protein analysis included collagen III alpha 1 Col3a1, Ly6b, glucocorticoid receptor and Importin-13 (specific to the BN rat lung), and Serpina1 and Ficolin B (specific to the Fisher lung). Innate differences in patterns of gene expression in developing lung that contribute to individual variation in respiratory phenotype are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Carpe
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 4060 Saint Catherine West, Montreal, PQ, Canada
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