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Peng Y, Li Z, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wang R, Xu N, Cao Y, Jiang C, Chen Z, Lin H. Bromocriptine protects perilesional spinal cord neurons from lipotoxicity after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1142-1149. [PMID: 37862220 PMCID: PMC10749608 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that lipid droplets accumulate in neurons after brain injury and evoke lipotoxicity, damaging the neurons. However, how lipids are metabolized by spinal cord neurons after spinal cord injury remains unclear. Herein, we investigated lipid metabolism by spinal cord neurons after spinal cord injury and identified lipid-lowering compounds to treat spinal cord injury. We found that lipid droplets accumulated in perilesional spinal cord neurons after spinal cord injury in mice. Lipid droplet accumulation could be induced by myelin debris in HT22 cells. Myelin debris degradation by phospholipase led to massive free fatty acid production, which increased lipid droplet synthesis, β-oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Excessive oxidative phosphorylation increased reactive oxygen species generation, which led to increased lipid peroxidation and HT22 cell apoptosis. Bromocriptine was identified as a lipid-lowering compound that inhibited phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 by reducing the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, thereby inhibiting myelin debris degradation by cytosolic phospholipase A2 and alleviating lipid droplet accumulation in myelin debris-treated HT22 cells. Motor function, lipid droplet accumulation in spinal cord neurons and neuronal survival were all improved in bromocriptine-treated mice after spinal cord injury. The results suggest that bromocriptine can protect neurons from lipotoxic damage after spinal cord injury via the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2-cytosolic phospholipase A2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Li
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinglun Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Renyuan Wang
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nixi Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanwu Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haodong Lin
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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McGinn EA, Mandell EW, Smith BJ, Duke JW, Bush A, Abman SH. Dysanapsis as a Determinant of Lung Function in Development and Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:956-963. [PMID: 37677135 PMCID: PMC10870865 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202306-1120pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erica W. Mandell
- Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Neonatology
| | - Bradford J. Smith
- Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, and
- Department of Bioengineering, Anschutz School of Medicine, University of Colorado–Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Joseph W. Duke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona; and
| | - Andrew Bush
- Center for Pediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven H. Abman
- Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, and
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3
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Zhao J, Ballard C, Cohen AJ, Ringham B, Zhao B, Wang H, Zuspan K, Rebentisch A, Locklear BA, Dahl M, Maschek JA, Cox JE, Joss-Moore LA. Postnatal growth restriction impairs rat lung structure and function. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023:10.1002/ar.25297. [PMID: 37515384 PMCID: PMC10822022 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The negative impact of nutritional deficits in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia is well recognized, yet mechanisms by which nutrition alters lung outcomes and nutritional strategies that optimize development and protect the lung remain elusive. Here, we use a rat model to assess the isolated effects of postnatal nutrition on lung structural development without concomitant lung injury. We hypothesize that postnatal growth restriction (PGR) impairs lung structure and function, critical mediators of lung development, and fatty acid profiles at postnatal day 21 in the rat. Rat pups were cross-fostered at birth to rat dams with litter sizes of 8 (control) or 16 (PGR). Lung structure and function, as well as serum and lung tissue fatty acids, and lung molecular mediators of development, were measured. Male and female PGR rat pups had thicker airspace walls, decreased lung compliance, and increased tissue damping. Male rats also had increased lung elastance, increased lung elastin protein abundance, and lysol oxidase expression, and increased elastic fiber deposition. Female rat lungs had increased conducting airway resistance and reduced levels of docosahexaenoic acid in lung tissue. We conclude that PGR impairs lung structure and function in both male and female rats, with sex-divergent changes in lung molecular mediators of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Craig Ballard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Adrienne J Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ben Ringham
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Brooke Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Haimei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Katie Zuspan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Andrew Rebentisch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Brent A Locklear
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - MarJanna Dahl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - J Alan Maschek
- Health Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - James E Cox
- Health Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Lisa A Joss-Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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4
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Club Cell Heme Oxygenase-1 Deletion: Effects in Hyperoxia-Exposed Adult Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2908271. [PMID: 32587658 PMCID: PMC7303751 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2908271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin reductase-1 (TXNRD1) inhibition activates nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) responses and prevents acute lung injury (ALI). Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction following TXNRD1 inhibition is Nrf2-dependent in airway epithelial (club) cells in vitro. The influence of club cell HO-1 on lung development and lung injury responses is poorly understood. The present studies characterized the effects of hyperoxia on club cell-specific HO-1 knockout (KO) mice. These mice were generated by crossing Hmox1 flox mice with transgenic mice expressing cre recombinase under control of the club cell-specific Scgb1a1 promoter. Baseline analyses of lung architecture and function performed in age-matched adult wild-type and KO mice indicated an increased alveolar size and airway resistance in HO-1 KO mice. In subsequent experiments, adult wild-type and HO-1 KO mice were either continuously exposed to >95% hyperoxia or room air for 72 h or exposed to >95 hyperoxia for 48 h followed by recovery in room air for 48 h. Injury was quantitatively assessed by calculating right lung/body weight ratios (g/kg). Analyses indicated an independent effect of hyperoxia but not genotype on right lung/body weight ratios in both wild-type and HO-1 KO mice. The magnitude of increases in right lung/body weight ratios was similar in mice of both genotypes. In the recovery model, an independent effect of hyperoxia but not genotype was also detected. In contrast to the continuous exposure model, right lung/body weight ratio mice were significantly elevated in HO-1 KO but not wild-type mice. Though club cell HO-1 does not alter hyperoxic sensitivity in adult mice, it significantly influences lung development and resolution of lung injury following acute hyperoxic exposure.
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Martinho S, Adão R, Leite-Moreira AF, Brás-Silva C. Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:342. [PMID: 32850518 PMCID: PMC7396717 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is one of the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by sustained elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), preventing an increase in pulmonary blood flow after birth. The affected neonates fail to establish blood oxygenation, precipitating severe respiratory distress, hypoxemia, and eventually death. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), the only approved pulmonary vasodilator for PPHN, constitutes, alongside supportive therapy, the basis of its treatment. However, nearly 40% of infants are iNO resistant. The cornerstones of increased PVR in PPHN are pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. A better understanding of PPHN pathophysiology may enlighten targeted and more effective therapies. Sildenafil, prostaglandins, milrinone, and bosentan, acting as vasodilators, besides glucocorticoids, playing a role on reducing inflammation, have all shown potential beneficial effects on newborns with PPHN. Furthermore, experimental evidence in PPHN animal models supports prospective use of emergent therapies, such as soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activators/stimulators, l-citrulline, Rho-kinase inhibitors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) agonists, recombinant superoxide dismutase (rhSOD), tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) analogs, ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), 5-HT2A receptor antagonists, and recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (rhVEGF). This review focuses on current knowledge on alternative and novel pathways involved in PPHN pathogenesis, as well as recent progress regarding experimental and clinical evidence on potential therapeutic approaches for PPHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Martinho
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center-UnIC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Adão
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center-UnIC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino F Leite-Moreira
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center-UnIC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Brás-Silva
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center-UnIC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Kammoun M, Souche E, Brady P, Ding J, Cosemans N, Gratacos E, Devriendt K, Eixarch E, Deprest J, Vermeesch JR. Genetic profile of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia revealed by targeted next-generation sequencing. Prenat Diagn 2018; 38:654-663. [PMID: 29966037 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is characterized by a defective closure of the diaphragm occurring as an isolated defect in 60% of cases. Lung size, liver herniation, and pulmonary circulation are major prognostic indices. Isolated CDH genetics is heterogeneous and poorly understood. Whether genetic lesions are also outcome determinants has never been explored. OBJECTIVES To identify isolated CDH genetic causes, to fine map the mutational burden, and to search for a correlation between the genotype and the disease severity and outcome. METHODS Targeted massively parallel sequencing of 143 human and mouse CDH causative and candidate genes in a cohort of 120 fetuses with isolated CDH and detailed outcome measures. RESULTS Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were identified in 10% of the cohort. These variants affect both known CDH causative genes, namely, ZFPM2, GATA4, and NR2F2, and new genes, namely, TBX1, TBX5, GATA5, and PBX1. In addition, mutation burden analysis identified LBR, CTBP2, NSD1, MMP14, MYOD1, and EYA1 as candidate genes with enrichment in rare but predicted deleterious variants. No obvious correlation between the genotype and the phenotype or short-term outcome has been found. CONCLUSION Targeted resequencing identifies a genetic cause in 10% of isolated CDH and identifies new candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molka Kammoun
- Department for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Souche
- Department for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Brady
- Department for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jia Ding
- Department for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Cosemans
- Department for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Koen Devriendt
- Department for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Deprest
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Clinical Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Florence JM, Krupa A, Booshehri LM, Gajewski AL, Kurdowska AK. Disrupting the Btk Pathway Suppresses COPD-Like Lung Alterations in Atherosclerosis Prone ApoE -/- Mice Following Regular Exposure to Cigarette Smoke. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020343. [PMID: 29364178 PMCID: PMC5855565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with severe chronic inflammation that promotes irreversible tissue destruction. Moreover, the most broadly accepted cause of COPD is exposure to cigarette smoke. There is no effective cure and significantly, the mechanism behind the development and progression of this disease remains unknown. Our laboratory has demonstrated that Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a critical regulator of pro-inflammatory processes in the lungs and that Btk controls expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the alveolar compartment. For this study apolipoprotein E null (ApoE−/−) mice were exposed to SHS to facilitate study in a COPD/atherosclerosis comorbidity model. We applied two types of treatments, animals received either a pharmacological inhibitor of Btk or MMP-9 specific siRNA to minimize MMP-9 expression in endothelial cells or neutrophils. We have shown that these treatments had a protective effect in the lung. We have noted a decrease in alveolar changes related to SHS induced inflammation in treated animals. In summary, we are presenting a novel concept in the field of COPD, i.e., that Btk may be a new drug target for this disease. Moreover, cell specific targeting of MMP-9 may also benefit patients affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Florence
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
| | - Agnieszka Krupa
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Laela M Booshehri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
| | - Adrian L Gajewski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna K Kurdowska
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, TX 75708, USA.
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8
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Kim JH, Yamaori S, Tanabe T, Takagi M, Matsubara T, Okamoto M, Kimura S, Gonzalez FJ. Lack of epithelial PPARγ causes cystic adenomatoid malformations in mouse fetal lung. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:271-276. [PMID: 28739257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) plays an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism. In this study, the function of PPARγ on lung development was investigated. Lung-specific Pparg conditional knockout mice (PpargΔLuEpC) were developed using Cre-Lox system. PpargΔLuEpC mice showed abnormal lung development with enlarged airspaces and followed by increase of apoptotic cells at E14.5 to E18.5. Gene analysis revealed that expression of Pmaip1, a gene related to apoptosis, was significantly increased while expression of Retnla, a gene related to anti-apoptosis, was dramatically decreased in the fetal lung (E14.5) of PpargΔLuEpC mice. In addition, expression of Pthlh, a gene phenotypically expressed in the congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM), was increased at E14.5 to E18.5 in the lung of PpargΔLuEpC mice. Cell culture studies revealed that PPARγ could bind to promoter region of Pthlh gene as a repressor in the immortalized mouse lung epithelial cell line MLE-15. Surprisingly, phenotypic changes in MLE-15-shPparg cells, stably transfected with shPparg plasmid, were similar to the PpargΔLuEpC mice model. In addition, MLE-15-shPparg cells were easily detached from the cultured plate when cold phosphate buffered saline was applied. Furthermore, expression of Cdh1, a gene related to cell adhesion, was significantly reduced in the MLE-15-shPparg cells. Taken together, PPARγ may play an important role in fetal lung development via alveolar cell-to-cell adhesion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Satoshi Yamaori
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tomotaka Tanabe
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mitsuhiro Takagi
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tsutomu Matsubara
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Minoru Okamoto
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shioko Kimura
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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9
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Chen X, Orriols M, Walther FJ, Laghmani EH, Hoogeboom AM, Hogen-Esch ACB, Hiemstra PS, Folkerts G, Goumans MJTH, Ten Dijke P, Morrell NW, Wagenaar GTM. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Protects against Neonatal Hyperoxia-Induced Impairment of Alveolarization and Pulmonary Inflammation. Front Physiol 2017; 8:486. [PMID: 28751863 PMCID: PMC5507999 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Effective treatment of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is lacking. We hypothesize that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), a ligand of the TGF-β family that binds to the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1)-BMP receptor type 2 (BMPR2) receptor complex, may be a novel therapeutic option for BPD. Therefore, we investigated the cardiopulmonary effects of BMP9 in neonatal Wistar rats with hyperoxia-induced BPD. Methods: Directly after birth Wistar rat pups were exposed to 100% oxygen for 10 days. From day 2 rat pups received BMP9 (2.5 μg/kg, twice a day) or 0.9% NaCl by subcutaneous injection. Beneficial effects of BMP9 on aberrant alveolar development, lung inflammation and fibrosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) were investigated by morphometric analysis and cytokine production. In addition, differential mRNA expression of BMP9 and its receptor complex: ALK1, BMPR2, and Endoglin, and of the ALK1 downstream target transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) were studied during the development of experimental BPD. Expression of the BMP9 receptor complex and TMEM100 was studied in human endothelial and epithelial cell cultures and the effect of BMP9 on inflammatory cytokine production and TMEM100 expression was studied in endothelial cell cultures. Results:ALK1, ALK2, BMPRII, TMEM100, and Endoglin were differentially expressed in experimental BPD, suggesting a role for BMP9-dependent signaling in the development of (experimental) BPD. TMEM100 was expressed in the wall of blood vessels, showing an elastin-like expression pattern in arterioles. Expression of TMEM100 mRNA and protein was decreased after exposure to hyperoxia. BMP9 treatment of rat pups with hyperoxia-induced experimental BPD reduced alveolar enlargement, lung septal thickness and fibrosis, and prevented inflammation, but did not attenuate vascular remodeling and RVH. The anti-inflammatory effect of BMP9 was confirmed in vitro. Highest expression of ALK1, BMPR2, and TMEM100 was observed in human endothelial cell cultures. Stimulation of human endothelial cell cultures with BMP9 reduced their pro-inflammatory cytokine response and induced TMEM100 expression in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Conclusion: BMP9 protects against neonatal hyperoxia-induced BPD by improving aberrant alveolar development, inflammation and fibrosis, demonstrating its therapeutic potential for premature infants with severe BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Mar Orriols
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Frans J Walther
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorrance, CA, United States
| | - El Houari Laghmani
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Annemarie M Hoogeboom
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Anne C B Hogen-Esch
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Department of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht UniversityUtrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marie-José T H Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth HospitalsCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gerry T M Wagenaar
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, Netherlands
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10
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Subramaniam K, Kumar H, Tawhai MH. Evidence for age-dependent air-space enlargement contributing to loss of lung tissue elastic recoil pressure and increased shear modulus in older age. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:79-87. [PMID: 28450548 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00208.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As a normal part of mature aging, lung tissue undergoes microstructural changes such as alveolar air-space enlargement and redistribution of collagen and elastin away from the alveolar duct. The older lung also experiences an associated decrease in elastic recoil pressure and an increase in specific tissue elastic moduli, but how this relates mechanistically to microstructural remodeling is not well-understood. In this study, we use a structure-based mechanics analysis to elucidate the contributions of age-related air-space enlargement and redistribution of elastin and collagen to loss of lung elastic recoil pressure and increase in tissue elastic moduli. Our results show that age-related geometric changes can result in reduction of elastic recoil pressure and increase in shear and bulk moduli, which is consistent with published experimental data. All elastic moduli were sensitive to the distribution of stiffness (representing elastic fiber density) in the alveolar wall, with homogenous stiffness near the duct and through the septae resulting in a more compliant tissue. The preferential distribution of elastic proteins around the alveolar duct in the healthy young adult lung therefore provides for a more elastic tissue.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We use a structure-based mechanics analysis to correlate air-space enlargement and redistribution of elastin and collagen to age-related changes in the mechanical behavior of lung parenchyma. Our study highlights that both the cause (redistribution of elastin and collagen) and the structural effect (alveolar air-space enlargement) contribute to decline in lung tissue elastic recoil with age; these results are consistent with published data and provide a new avenue for understanding the mechanics of the older lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Subramaniam
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - H Kumar
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M H Tawhai
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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11
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Chen X, Walther FJ, van Boxtel R, Laghmani EH, Sengers RMA, Folkerts G, DeRuiter MC, Cuppen E, Wagenaar GTM. Deficiency or inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 protects against hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 216:358-75. [PMID: 26495902 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Blocking of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor (LPAR) 1 may be a novel therapeutic option for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) by preventing the LPAR1-mediated adverse effects of its ligand (LPA), consisting of lung inflammation, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and fibrosis. METHODS In Wistar rats with experimental BPD, induced by continuous exposure to 100% oxygen for 10 days, we determined the beneficial effects of LPAR1 deficiency in neonatal rats with a missense mutation in cytoplasmic helix 8 of LPAR1 and of LPAR1 and -3 blocking with Ki16425. Parameters investigated included survival, lung and heart histopathology, fibrin and collagen deposition, vascular leakage and differential mRNA expression in the lungs of key genes involved in LPA signalling and BPD pathogenesis. RESULTS LPAR1-mutant rats were protected against experimental BPD and mortality with reduced alveolar septal thickness, lung inflammation (reduced influx of macrophages and neutrophils, and CINC1 expression) and collagen III deposition. However, LPAR1-mutant rats were not protected against alveolar enlargement, increased medial wall thickness of small arterioles, fibrin deposition and vascular alveolar leakage. Treatment of experimental BPD with Ki16425 confirmed the data observed in LPAR1-mutant rats, but did not reduce the pulmonary influx of neutrophils, CINC1 expression and mortality in rats with experimental BPD. In addition, Ki16425 treatment protected against PAH and right ventricular hypertrophy. CONCLUSION LPAR1 deficiency attenuates pulmonary injury by reducing pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis, thereby reducing mortality, but does not affect alveolar and vascular development and, unlike Ki16425 treatment, does not prevent PAH in neonatal rats with experimental BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Chen
- Division of Neonatology; Department of Pediatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - F. J. Walther
- Division of Neonatology; Department of Pediatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics; Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Torrance CA USA
| | - R. van Boxtel
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research; Cancer Genomics Center; Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - E. H. Laghmani
- Division of Neonatology; Department of Pediatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - R. M. A. Sengers
- Division of Neonatology; Department of Pediatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - G. Folkerts
- Department of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - M. C. DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - E. Cuppen
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research; Cancer Genomics Center; Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - G. T. M. Wagenaar
- Division of Neonatology; Department of Pediatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
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Chen X, Walther FJ, Sengers RMA, Laghmani EH, Salam A, Folkerts G, Pera T, Wagenaar GTM. Metformin attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats by reducing the inflammatory response. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L262-70. [PMID: 26047641 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00389.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Because therapeutic options are lacking for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), there is an urgent medical need to discover novel targets/drugs to treat this neonatal chronic lung disease. Metformin, a drug commonly used to lower blood glucose in type 2 diabetes patients, may be a novel therapeutic option for BPD by reducing pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis and improving vascularization. We investigated the therapeutic potential of daily treatment with 25 and 100 mg/kg metformin, injected subcutaneously in neonatal Wistar rats with severe experimental BPD, induced by continuous exposure to 100% oxygen for 10 days. Parameters investigated included survival, lung and heart histopathology, pulmonary fibrin and collagen deposition, vascular leakage, right ventricular hypertrophy, and differential mRNA expression in the lungs of key genes involved in BPD pathogenesis, including inflammation, coagulation, and alveolar development. After daily metformin treatment rat pups with experimental BPD had reduced mortality, alveolar septum thickness, lung inflammation, and fibrosis, demonstrated by a reduced influx of macrophages and neutrophils and hyperoxia-induced collagen III and fibrin deposition (25 mg/kg), as well as improved vascularization (100 mg/kg) compared with control treatment. However, metformin did not ameliorate alveolar enlargement, small arteriole wall thickening, vascular alveolar leakage, and right ventricular hypertrophy. In conclusion metformin prolongs survival and attenuates pulmonary injury by reducing pulmonary inflammation, coagulation, and fibrosis but does not affect alveolar development or prevent pulmonary arterial hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy in neonatal rats with severe hyperoxia-induced experimental BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frans J Walther
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Rozemarijn M A Sengers
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - El Houari Laghmani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Asma Salam
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Department of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Tonio Pera
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerry T M Wagenaar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;
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13
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Solleti SK, Simon DM, Srisuma S, Arikan MC, Bhattacharya S, Rangasamy T, Bijli KM, Rahman A, Crossno JT, Shapiro SD, Mariani TJ. Airway epithelial cell PPARγ modulates cigarette smoke-induced chemokine expression and emphysema susceptibility in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L293-304. [PMID: 26024894 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00287.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent, chronic inflammatory lung disease with limited existing therapeutic options. While modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activating receptor (PPAR)-γ activity can modify inflammatory responses in several models of lung injury, the relevance of the PPARG pathway in COPD pathogenesis has not been previously explored. Mice lacking Pparg specifically in airway epithelial cells displayed increased susceptibility to chronic cigarette smoke (CS)-induced emphysema, with excessive macrophage accumulation associated with increased expression of chemokines, Ccl5, Cxcl10, and Cxcl15. Conversely, treatment of mice with a pharmacological PPARγ activator attenuated Cxcl10 and Cxcl15 expression and macrophage accumulation in response to CS. In vitro, CS increased lung epithelial cell chemokine expression in a PPARγ activation-dependent fashion. The ability of PPARγ to regulate CS-induced chemokine expression in vitro was not specifically associated with peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE)-mediated transactivation activity but was correlated with PPARγ-mediated transrepression of NF-κB activity. Pharmacological or genetic activation of PPARγ activity abrogated CS-dependent induction of NF-κB activity. Regulation of NF-κB activity involved direct PPARγ-NF-κB interaction and PPARγ-mediated effects on IKK activation, IκBα degradation, and nuclear translocation of p65. Our data indicate that PPARG represents a disease-relevant pathophysiological and pharmacological target in COPD. Its activation state likely contributes to NF-κB-dependent, CS-induced chemokine-mediated regulation of inflammatory cell accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Kumar Solleti
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Dawn M Simon
- Emory-Children's Center Pulmonary, Apnea, Cystic Fibrosis and Sleep Clinic, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sorachai Srisuma
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Meltem C Arikan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Soumyaroop Bhattacharya
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York;
| | - Tirumalai Rangasamy
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Kaiser M Bijli
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; Atlanta VA and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Arshad Rahman
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Joseph T Crossno
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Steven D Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas J Mariani
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York;
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Effects of habitual exercise and dietary restriction on intrahepatic and periepididymal fat accumulation in Zucker fatty rats. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:121. [PMID: 25885415 PMCID: PMC4392877 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Habitual exercise and dietary restriction are commonly recommended to prevent or ameliorate obesity and lifestyle-related diseases, including fatty liver. This study investigated the effects of habitual exercise and dietary restriction on hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels, serum leptin levels, and histological adipocyte size in periepididymal adipose tissue from Zucker fatty (ZF) rats. Methods Six-week-old male ZF rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: sedentary (Sed), sedentary and dietary restriction (Sed + DR), and training and dietary restriction (Tr + DR). Male Zucker lean (L) rats were used as control animals. All rats had access to water and the allowed quantity of food ad libitum. The rats in the Sed + DR and Tr + DR groups were fed a 30% restricted diet, while those in the Tr + DR group exercised voluntarily on a wheel ergometer. After 12 weeks, the rats were sacrificed for a histological examination of their liver and periepididymal adipose tissue. Hepatic and serum TG, serum total cholesterol, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, free fatty acid, and leptin levels were also measured. Results The hepatic TG levels were significantly higher in the Sed + DR group than in the L (P < 0.001) and Sed (P < 0.05) groups. By contrast, the hepatic TG levels in the Tr + DR group were significantly lower than those in the Sed (P < 0.05) and Sed + DR (P < 0.001) groups, but not significantly different from the L group values. The periepididymal adipocytes were significantly larger in the Sed, Sed + DR, and Tr + DR groups than in the L group (P < 0.001) and were significantly smaller in the Tr + DR group compared to the Sed and Sed + DR groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest a relationship between lipid metabolism and the size of adipose cells in ZF rats. Exercising plays an important role in decreasing hepatic TG levels, serum leptin levels, and the size of adipose cells.
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15
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Dendritic cell-based immunization ameliorates pulmonary infection with highly virulent Cryptococcus gattii. Infect Immun 2015; 83:1577-86. [PMID: 25644007 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02827-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcosis due to a highly virulent fungus, Cryptococcus gattii, emerged as an infectious disease on Vancouver Island in Canada and surrounding areas in 1999, causing deaths among immunocompetent individuals. Previous studies indicated that C. gattii strain R265 isolated from the Canadian outbreak had immune avoidance or immune suppression capabilities. However, protective immunity against C. gattii has not been identified. In this study, we used a gain-of-function approach to investigate the protective immunity against C. gattii infection using a dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) efficiently engulfed acapsular C. gattii (Δcap60 strain), which resulted in their expression of costimulatory molecules and inflammatory cytokines. This was not observed for BMDCs that were cultured with encapsulated strains. When Δcap60 strain-pulsed BMDCs were transferred to mice prior to intratracheal R265 infection, significant amelioration of pathology, fungal burden, and the survival rate resulted compared with those in controls. Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) that engulfed fungal cells were significantly increased in the lungs of immunized mice. Interleukin 17A (IL-17A)-, gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-producing lymphocytes were significantly increased in the spleens and lungs of immunized mice. The protective effect of this DC vaccine was significantly reduced in IFN-γ knockout mice. These results demonstrated that an increase in cytokine-producing lymphocytes and the development of MGCs that engulfed fungal cells were associated with the protection against pulmonary infection with highly virulent C. gattii and suggested that IFN-γ may have been an important mediator for this vaccine-induced protection.
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Zana-Taieb E, Pham H, Franco-Montoya ML, Jacques S, Letourneur F, Baud O, Jarreau PH, Vaiman D. Impaired alveolarization and intra-uterine growth restriction in rats: a postnatal genome-wide analysis. J Pathol 2015; 235:420-30. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Zana-Taieb
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- Fondation PremUp, 53 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris; France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1141; Paris France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine et Réanimation Néonatales de Port-Royal, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Broca, Hôtel-Dieu, 53 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris; France
| | - H Pham
- Fondation PremUp, 53 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris; France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1141; Paris France
| | - ML Franco-Montoya
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U955 IMRB Equipe 04, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, 94010 Créteil; France
| | - S Jacques
- Genom'ic, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris; France
| | - F Letourneur
- Genom'ic, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris; France
| | - O Baud
- Fondation PremUp, 53 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris; France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1141; Paris France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Réanimation et Pédiatrie Néonatales, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris; France
- Université Paris Diderot; Paris France
| | - PH Jarreau
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- Fondation PremUp, 53 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris; France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1141; Paris France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine et Réanimation Néonatales de Port-Royal, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, Broca, Hôtel-Dieu, 53 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris; France
| | - D Vaiman
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016-CNRS, UMRS 104; Paris France
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Li H, Singh S, Potula R, Persidsky Y, Kanmogne GD. Dysregulation of claudin-5 in HIV-induced interstitial pneumonitis and lung vascular injury. Protective role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:85-97. [PMID: 22345580 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201106-1151oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE HIV-1-induced interstitial pneumonitis (IP) is a serious complication of HIV-1 infection, characterized by inflammation and cellular infiltration in lungs, often leading to respiratory failure and death. The barrier function of the pulmonary endothelium is caused in part by tight junction (TJ) proteins, such as claudin-5. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ is expressed in lung tissues and regulates inflammation. We hypothesize that HIV-1 induces vascular lung injury, and HIV-1-mediated damage of the pulmonary endothelium and IP is associated with dysregulation of PPAR-γ. OBJECTIVES Investigate the effects of HIV-1 infection on the pulmonary microvasculature and the modulatory effects of the PPAR-γ ligands. METHODS Using human lung tissues, we demonstrated down-regulation of claudin-5 (marker of pulmonary barrier integrity), down-regulation of PPAR-γ transcription, and expression in lung tissues of HIV-1-infected humans with IP. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Human lung microvascular endothelial cells expressed the TJ proteins claudin-5, ZO-1, and ZO-2; HIV-1 decreased TJ proteins expression and induced nuclear factor-κB promoter activity, which was reversed by PPAR-γ agonist. Using two murine HIV/AIDS models, we demonstrated decreased claudin-5 expression and increased macrophage infiltration in the lungs of HIV-1-infected animals. Activation of PPAR-γ prevented HIV-1-induced claudin-5 down-regulation and significantly reduced viremia and pulmonary macrophage infiltration. CONCLUSIONS HIV-induced IP is associated with injury to the lung vascular endothelium, with decreased TJ and PPAR-γ expression, and increased pulmonary macrophage infiltration. PPAR-γ ligands abrogated these effects. Thus, regulation of PPAR-γ can be a therapeutic approach against HIV-1-induced vascular damage and IP in infected humans. Removal of Expression of Concern: Issues leading to the previous expression of concern for this article have been resolved after further revisions and editorial review. No further concerns exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; and
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Wolf D, Tseng N, Seedorf G, Roe G, Abman SH, Gien J. Endothelin-1 decreases endothelial PPARγ signaling and impairs angiogenesis after chronic intrauterine pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 306:L361-71. [PMID: 24337925 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00277.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) disrupts angiogenesis in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), but pathogenic mechanisms are unclear. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is decreased in adult pulmonary hypertension, but whether ET-1-PPARγ interactions impair endothelial cell function and angiogenesis in PPHN remains unknown. We hypothesized that increased PPHN pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) ET-1 production decreases PPARγ signaling and impairs tube formation in vitro. Proximal PAECs were harvested from fetal sheep after partial ligation of the ductus arteriosus in utero (PPHN) and controls. PPARγ and phospho-PPARγ protein were compared between normal and PPHN PAECs ± ET-1 and bosentan (ETA/ETB receptor blocker). Tube formation was assessed in response to PPARγ agonists ± ET-1, N-nitro-l-arginine (LNA) (NOS inhibitor), and PPARγ siRNA. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), phospho-eNOS, and NO production were measured after exposure to PPARγ agonists and PPARγ siRNA. At baseline, PPHN PAECs demonstrate decreased tube formation and PPARγ protein expression and activity. PPARγ agonists restored PPHN tube formation to normal. ET-1 decreased normal and PPHN PAEC tube formation, which was rescued by PPARγ agonists. ET-1 decreased PPARγ protein and activity, which was prevented by bosentan. PPARγ agonists increased eNOS protein and activity and NO production in normal and PPHN PAECs. LNA inhibited the effect of PPARγ agonists on tube formation. PPARγ siRNA decreased eNOS protein and tube formation in normal PAECs. We conclude that ET-1 decreases PPARγ signaling and contributes to PAEC dysfunction and impaired angiogenesis in PPHN. We speculate that therapies aimed at decreasing ET-1 production will restore PPARγ signaling, preserve endothelial function, and improve angiogenesis in PPHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wolf
- Perinatal Research Facility, 13243 E. 23rd Ave., Mail Stop F441, Aurora, CO 80045.
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Wagenaar GTM, Laghmani EH, de Visser YP, Sengers RMA, Steendijk P, Baelde HJ, Walther FJ. Ambrisentan reduces pulmonary arterial hypertension but does not stimulate alveolar and vascular development in neonatal rats with hyperoxic lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 304:L264-75. [PMID: 23292811 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00073.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambrisentan, an endothelin receptor type A antagonist, may be a novel therapeutic agent in neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD) by blocking the adverse effects of the vasoconstrictor endothelin-1, especially pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-induced right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). We determined the cardiopulmonary effects of ambrisentan treatment (1-20 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) in neonatal rats with CLD in 2 models: early treatment during continuous exposure to hyperoxia for 10 days and late treatment starting on day 6 in rat pups exposed postnatally to hyperoxia for 9 days, followed by a 9-day recovery period in room air. Parameters investigated included survival, lung and heart histopathology, right ventricular function, fibrin deposition, and differential mRNA expression in the lungs. In the early treatment model, we investigated the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition with N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 25 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) during ambrisentan treatment. In the early treatment model, ambrisentan improved survival with reduced lung fibrin and collagen III deposition, arterial medial wall thickness, and RVH. These changes were not affected by L-NAME administration. Ambrisentan did not reduce the influx of macrophages and neutrophils or prevent reduced irregular elastin expression. In the late treatment model, ambrisentan diminished PAH, RVH, and right ventricular peak pressure, demonstrating that RVH is reversible in the neonatal period. Alveolarization and vascularization were not affected by ambrisentan. In conclusion, ambrisentan prolongs survival and reduces lung injury, PAH, and RVH via a NOS-independent mechanism but does not affect inflammation and alveolar and vascular development in neonatal rats with CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry T M Wagenaar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Rehan VK, Liu J, Naeem E, Tian J, Sakurai R, Kwong K, Akbari O, Torday JS. Perinatal nicotine exposure induces asthma in second generation offspring. BMC Med 2012; 10:129. [PMID: 23106849 PMCID: PMC3568737 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-10-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By altering specific developmental signaling pathways that are necessary for fetal lung development, perinatal nicotine exposure affects lung growth and differentiation, resulting in the offsprings' predisposition to childhood asthma; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists can inhibit this effect. However, whether the perinatal nicotine-induced asthma risk is restricted to nicotine-exposed offspring only; whether it can be transmitted to the next generation; and whether PPARγ agonists would have any effect on this process are not known. METHODS Time-mated Sprague Dawley rat dams received either placebo or nicotine (1 mg/kg, s.c.), once daily from day 6 of gestation to postnatal day (PND) 21. Following delivery, at PND21, generation 1 (F1) pups were either subjected to pulmonary function tests, or killed to obtain their lungs, tracheas, and gonads to determine the relevant protein markers (mesenchymal contractile proteins), global DNA methylation, histone 3 and 4 acetylation, and for tracheal tension studies. Some F1 animals were used as breeders to generate F2 pups, but without any exposure to nicotine in the F1 pregnancy. At PND21, F2 pups underwent studies similar to those performed on F1 pups. RESULTS Consistent with the asthma phenotype, nicotine affected lung function in both male and female F1 and F2 offspring (maximal 250% increase in total respiratory system resistance, and 84% maximal decrease in dynamic compliance following methacholine challenge; P < 0.01, nicotine versus control; P < 0.05, males versus females; and P > 0.05, F1 versus F2), but only affected tracheal constriction in males (51% maximal increase in tracheal constriction following acetylcholine challenge, P < 0.01, nicotine versus control; P < 0.0001, males versus females; P > 0.05, F1 versus F2); nicotine also increased the contractile protein content of whole lung (180% increase in fibronectin protein levels, P < 0.01, nicotine versus control, and P < 0.05, males versus females) and isolated lung fibroblasts (for example, 45% increase in fibronectin protein levels, P < 0.05, nicotine versus control), along with decreased PPARγ expression (30% decrease, P < 0.05, nicotine versus control), but only affected contractile proteins in the male trachea (P < 0.05, nicotine versus control, and P < 0.0001, males versus females). All of the nicotine-induced changes in the lung and gonad DNA methylation and histone 3 and 4 acetylation were normalized by the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone except for the histone 4 acetylation in the lung. CONCLUSIONS Germline epigenetic marks imposed by exposure to nicotine during pregnancy can become permanently programmed and transferred through the germline to subsequent generations, a ground-breaking finding that shifts the current asthma paradigm, opening up many new avenues to explore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Rehan
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center at David Geffen School of Medicine, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center at David Geffen School of Medicine, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Erum Naeem
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center at David Geffen School of Medicine, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Jia Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center at David Geffen School of Medicine, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Reiko Sakurai
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center at David Geffen School of Medicine, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Kenny Kwong
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center at David Geffen School of Medicine, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, 90033, USA
| | - John S Torday
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center at David Geffen School of Medicine, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, 90502, USA
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Gosemann JH, Doi T, Kutasy B, Friedmacher F, Dingemann J, Puri P. Alterations of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 gene expression in the nitrofen-induced hypoplastic lung. J Pediatr Surg 2012; 47:847-51. [PMID: 22595559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) plays a key role in normal lung development. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ messenger RNA (mRNA) is detectable at 18 days of gestation in fetal rat lungs, and levels peak just before birth. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonists are reported to stimulate lung development, whereas inhibition of PPARγ disrupts postnatal lung maturation. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), which is inhibited by PPARγ, is reported to disrupt late lung morphogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that PPARγ expression is downregulated and that MCP-1 expression is upregulated during the late stages of lung development in nitrofen-induced hypoplastic lungs. METHODS Pregnant rats were treated with nitrofen or vehicle on D9. RNA was extracted from fetal lungs (D18 and D21), and relative mRNA expression levels of PPARγ and MCP-1 were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate protein expression/distribution of PPARγ and MCP-1. RESULTS Relative mRNA expression levels of PPARγ were significantly downregulated in the nitrofen group compared with controls on D21, whereas MCP-1 levels were upregulated. Immunohistochemical study showed markedly decreased PPARγ and increased MCP-1 immunoreactivity in the nitrofen-induced hypoplastic lungs compared with controls on gestational day 21. CONCLUSION Altered pulmonary gene expression of PPARγ and MCP-1 during late gestation may impair lung development and maturation, contributing to pulmonary hypoplasia in the nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik Gosemann
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Tickner J, Fan LM, Du J, Meijles D, Li JM. Nox2-derived ROS in PPARγ signaling and cell-cycle progression of lung alveolar epithelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:763-72. [PMID: 21664456 PMCID: PMC3157571 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling and cell-cycle regulation. However, the PPARγ redox-signaling pathways in lung alveolar epithelial cells remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of PPARγ activation on the levels of lung ROS production and cell-cycle progression using C57BL/6J wild-type and Nox2 knockout mice (n=10) after intraperitoneal injection of a selective PPARγ agonist (GW1929, 5 mg/kg body wt, daily) for 14 days. Compared to vehicle-treated mice, GW1929 increased significantly the levels of ROS production in wild-type lungs, and this was accompanied by significant up-regulation of PPARγ, Nox2, PCNA, and cyclin D1 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK. These effects were absent in Nox2 knockout mice. In cultured alveolar epithelial cells, GW1929 (5 μM for 24 h) increased ROS production and promoted cell-cycle progression from G0/G1 into S and G2/M phases, and these effects were abolished by (1) adding a PPARγ antagonist (BADGE, 1 μM), (2) knockdown of PPARγ using siRNA, or (3) knockout of Nox2. In conclusion, PPARγ activation through Nox2-derived ROS promotes cell-cycle progression in normal mouse lungs and in cultured normal alveolar epithelial cells.
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Key Words
- ros, reactive oxygen species
- pparγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
- ko, knockout
- dhe, dihydroethidium
- badge, bisphenol a diglycidyl ether
- l-name, nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester
- dpi, diphenyleneiodonium
- sod, superoxide dismutase
- ddc, diethyldithiocarbamate
- mapk, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- nadph, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- nox, nadph oxidase
- pcna, proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- dmem, dulbecco's modified eagle medium
- redox signaling
- lung
- pparγ
- nox2
- mapk
- cell cycle
- free radicals
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Joss-Moore LA, Wang Y, Yu X, Campbell MS, Callaway CW, McKnight RA, Wint A, Dahl MJ, Dull RO, Albertine KH, Lane RH. IUGR decreases elastin mRNA expression in the developing rat lung and alters elastin content and lung compliance in the mature rat lung. Physiol Genomics 2011; 43:499-505. [PMID: 21363967 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00183.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Complications of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) include increased pulmonary morbidities and impaired alveolar development. Normal alveolar development depends upon elastin expression and processing, as well as the formation and deposition of elastic fibers. This is true of the human and rat. In this study, we hypothesized that uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI)-induced IUGR decreases mRNA levels of elastin and genes required for elastin fiber synthesis and assembly, at birth (prealveolarization) and postnatal day 7 (midalveolarization) in the rat. We further hypothesized that this would be accompanied by reduced elastic fiber deposition and increased static compliance at postnatal day 21 (mature lung). We used a well characterized rat model of IUGR to test these hypotheses. IUGR decreases mRNA transcript levels of genes essential for elastic fiber formation, including elastin, at birth and day 7. In the day 21 lung, IUGR decreases elastic fiber deposition and increases static lung compliance. We conclude that IUGR decreases mRNA transcript levels of elastic fiber synthesis genes, before and during alveolarization leading to a reduced elastic fiber density and increased static lung compliance in the mature lung. We speculate that the mechanism by which IUGR predisposes to pulmonary disease may be via decreased lung elastic fiber deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Joss-Moore
- Division of Neonatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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