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Fu L, Jung Y, Tian C, Ferreira RB, Cheng R, He F, Yang J, Carroll KS. Nucleophilic covalent ligand discovery for the cysteine redoxome. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1309-1319. [PMID: 37248412 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With an eye toward expanding chemistries used for covalent ligand discovery, we elaborated an umpolung strategy that exploits the 'polarity reversal' of sulfur when cysteine is oxidized to sulfenic acid, a widespread post-translational modification, for selective bioconjugation with C-nucleophiles. Here we present a global map of a human sulfenome that is susceptible to covalent modification by members of a nucleophilic fragment library. More than 500 liganded sulfenic acids were identified on proteins across diverse functional classes, and, of these, more than 80% were not targeted by electrophilic fragment analogs. We further show that members of our nucleophilic fragment library can impair functional protein-protein interactions involved in nuclear oncoprotein transport and DNA damage repair. Our findings reveal a vast expanse of ligandable sulfenic acids in the human proteome and highlight the utility of nucleophilic small molecules in the fragment-based covalent ligand discovery pipeline, presaging further opportunities using non-traditional chemistries for targeting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Youngeun Jung
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Caiping Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Renan B Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Ruifeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.
| | - Kate S Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, USA.
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Song J, Quan R, Wang D, Liu J. Seneca Valley Virus 3C pro Mediates Cleavage and Redistribution of Nucleolin To Facilitate Viral Replication. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0030422. [PMID: 35357201 PMCID: PMC9045095 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00304-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a recently discovered pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. It has been shown that many viruses are reliant on nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of nucleolin (NCL) for their own replication. Here, we demonstrate that NCL, a critical protein component of the nucleolus, is cleaved and translocated out of the nucleoli following SVV infection. Furthermore, our data suggest that SVV 3C protease (3Cpro) is responsible for this cleavage and subsequent delocalization from the nucleoli, and that inactivation of this protease activity abolished this cleavage and translocation. SVV 3Cpro cleaved NCL at residue Q545, and the cleavage fragment (aa 1 to 545) facilitated viral replication, which was similar to the activities described for full-length NCL. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown indicated that NCL is required for efficient viral replication and viral protein expression. In contrast, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of NCL significantly enhanced viral replication. Taken together, these results indicate that SVV 3Cpro targets NCL for its cleavage and redistribution, which contributes to efficient viral replication, thereby emphasizing the potential target of antiviral strategies for the control of SVV infection. IMPORTANCE The nucleolus is a subnuclear cellular compartment, and nucleolin (NCL) resides predominantly in the nucleolus. NCL participates in viral replication, translation, internalization, and also serves as a receptor for virus entry. The interaction between NCL and SVV is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SVV 3Cpro targets NCL for its cleavage and nucleocytoplasmic transportation, which contributes to efficient viral replication. Our results reveal novel function of SVV 3Cpro and provide further insight into the mechanisms by which SVV utilizes nucleoli for efficient replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Quan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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3
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Blocking Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor Attenuates Vasospasm and Neuron Cell Apoptosis in Rats Subjected to Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 13:300-310. [PMID: 34227049 PMCID: PMC8918468 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an important subcategory of stroke due to its unacceptably high mortality rate as well as the severe complications it causes, such as cerebral vasospasm, neurological deficits, and cardiopulmonary abnormality. Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a growth factor related to normal development and is involved in liver development and regeneration. This study explored the relationship between SAH and HDGF. Sixty rats were divided into five groups (n = 12/group): (A) control group; (B) rHDGF ab only group [normal animals treated with 50 µM recombinant HDGF antibodies (rHDGF ab)]; (C) SAH group; (D) SAH + pre-rHDGF ab group (SAH animals pre-treated with 50 µM rHDGF ab into the subarachnoid space within 24 h before SAH); and (E) SAH + post-rHDGF ab group (SAH animals post-treated with 50 µM rHDGF ab into the subarachnoid space within 24 h after SAH). At 48 h after SAH, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected to measure the levels of pro-inflammatory factors by ELISA, and rat cortex tissues were used to measure protein levels by western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence staining for Iba-1, GFAP, TUNEL, and NeuN was detected proliferation of microglia and astrocyte and apoptosis of neuron cells. Neurological outcome was assessed by ambulation and placing/stepping reflex responses. Morphology assay showed that pre-treatment and post-treatment with rHDGF ab attenuated vasospasm after SAH. SAH up-regulated the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in both the CSF and serum samples, and both pre- and post-treatment with rHDGF ab inhibited the up-regulation of these pro-inflammatory factors, except for the serum IL-6 levels. Western blot analysis demonstrated that SAH up-regulated pro-BDNF and NFκB protein levels, and both pre- and post-treatment with rHDGF ab significantly reduced the up-regulation. The result from immunofluorescence staining showed that SAH induced proliferation of microglia and astrocyte and apoptosis of neuron cells. Both pre- and post-treatment with rHDGF ab significantly attenuated proliferation of microglia and astrocyte and inhibited apoptosis of neuron cells. Furthermore, treatment with rHDGF ab significantly improved neurological outcome. Blocking HDGF attenuates neuron cell apoptosis and vasospasm through inhibiting inflammation in brain tissue at early phase after SAH.
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Wu CH, Wu MK, Lu CC, Tsai HP, Lu YY, Lin CL. Impact of Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor Blockade on Resiniferatoxin-Induced Neuropathy. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:8854461. [PMID: 33727914 PMCID: PMC7937473 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8854461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resiniferatoxin is an ultrapotent capsaicin analog that mediates nociceptive processing; treatment with resiniferatoxin can cause an inflammatory response and, ultimately, neuropathic pain. Hepatoma-derived growth factor, a growth factor related to normal development, is associated with neurotransmitters surrounding neurons and glial cells. Therefore, the study aims to investigate how blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor affects the inflammatory response in neuropathic pain. Serum hepatoma-derived growth factor protein expression was measured via ELISA. Resiniferatoxin was administrated intraperitoneally to induce neuropathic pain in 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into three groups (resiniferatoxin+recombinant hepatoma-derived growth factor antibody group, resiniferatoxin group, and control group) (n = 12/group). The mechanical threshold response was tested with calibration forceps. Cell apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect apoptosis of neuron cells and proliferation of astrocytes in the spinal cord dorsal horn. RT-PCR technique and western blot were used to measure detect inflammatory factors and protein expressions. Serum hepatoma-derived growth factor protein expression was higher in the patients with sciatica compared to controls. In resiniferatoxin-group rats, protein expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor was higher than controls. Blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor improved the mechanical threshold response in rats. In dorsal root ganglion, blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor inhibited inflammatory cytokines. In the spinal cord dorsal horn, blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor inhibited proliferation of astrocyte, apoptosis of neuron cells, and attenuated expressions of pain-associated proteins. The experiment showed that blocking hepatoma-derived growth factor can prevent neuropathic pain and may be a useful alternative to conventional analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Hsin Wu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kung Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pei Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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5
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Nüße J, Blumrich EM, Mirastschijski U, Kappelmann L, Kelm S, Dietz F. Intra- or extra-exosomal secretion of HDGF isoforms: the extraordinary function of the HDGF-A N-terminal peptide. Biol Chem 2017; 398:793-811. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a protein with diverse intracellular functions. Moreover, after non-conventional secretion, extracellular HDGF is able to influence different signaling pathways, leading for example to induction of processes like epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration. Intriguingly, in recent proteome studies, HDGF was also found secreted by special microvesicles called exosomes. Recently, we demonstrated the existence of two new HDGF isoforms (B and C). These isoforms are involved in different cellular processes than HDGF-A. Along this line, in the present study we discovered that full length HDGF-A clearly is located inside of exosomes, whereas the isoforms HDGF-B and HDGF-C are found exclusively on the outer surface. Furthermore, while HDGF-B and HDGF-C seem to use exosomes mediated pathway exclusively, HDGF-A was found also as unbound protein in the conditioned media. The new finding of an intra- or extra-exosomal localisation of protein splice variants opens a fascinating new perspective concerning functional diversity of HDGF isoforms. Dysregulation of HDGF expression during cancer development and tumor progression is a commonly known fact. With our new findings, unraveling the potential functional impact according to physiological versus pathophysiologically altered levels and compositions of intra- and extra-exosomal HDGF has to be addressed in future studies.
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Bates PJ, Reyes-Reyes EM, Malik MT, Murphy EM, O'Toole MG, Trent JO. G-quadruplex oligonucleotide AS1411 as a cancer-targeting agent: Uses and mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1414-1428. [PMID: 28007579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AS1411 is a 26-mer G-rich DNA oligonucleotide that forms a variety of G-quadruplex structures. It was identified based on its cancer-selective antiproliferative activity and subsequently determined to be an aptamer to nucleolin, a multifunctional protein that preferentially binds quadruplex nucleic acids and which is present at high levels on the surface of cancer cells. AS1411 has exceptionally efficient cellular internalization compared to non-quadruplex DNA sequences. SCOPE OF REVIEW Recent developments related to AS1411 will be examined, with a focus on its use for targeted delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Numerous research groups have used AS1411 as a targeting agent to deliver nanoparticles, oligonucleotides, and small molecules into cancer cells. Studies in animal models have demonstrated that AS1411-linked materials can accumulate selectively in tumors following systemic administration. The mechanism underlying the cancer-targeting ability of AS1411 is not completely understood, but recent studies suggest a model that involves: (1) initial uptake by macropinocytosis, a form of endocytosis prevalent in cancer cells; (2) stimulation of macropinocytosis by a nucleolin-dependent mechanism resulting in further uptake; and (3) disruption of nucleolin-mediated trafficking and efflux leading to cargoes becoming trapped inside cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE Human trials have indicated that AS1411 is safe and can induce durable remissions in a few patients, but new strategies are needed to maximize its clinical impact. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which AS1411 targets and kills cancer cells may hasten the development of promising technologies using AS1411-linked nanoparticles or conjugates for cancer-targeted therapy and imaging. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "G-quadruplex" Guest Editor: Dr. Concetta Giancola and Dr. Daniela Montesarchio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Bates
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA.
| | | | - Mohammad T Malik
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA
| | - Emily M Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Louisville, USA
| | - Martin G O'Toole
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Louisville, USA
| | - John O Trent
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA
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7
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Zhuang Z, Mei G, Liu W, Chen Y, Zeng J, Zhang W, Yao G, Wang X. Hepatoma-derived growth factor-2 is highly expressed during development and in spinal cord injury. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6140-4. [PMID: 26252862 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoma‑derived growth factor‑2 (HDGF‑2) is expressed in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes of the adult mouse brain. However, it has remained elusive whether HDGF‑2 is expressed in the spinal cord and is involved in the its development and repair. In the present study, the expression of HDGF‑2 was investigated in rat spinal cords at different developmental stages and following spinal cord injury (SCI). Protein levels of HDGF‑2 were examined using western blot analysis, while the distribution pattern and cell populations of HDGF‑2 protein expression were characterized using immunohistochemistry. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the levels of HDGF‑2 protein expression were the greatest in the spinal cord on embryonic day 19, and were also highly expressed in rat spinal cords on post‑natal day 7 (P7); however, they were low at P14 and not detectable at two months. HDGF‑2 expression was significantly upregulated in the embryonic spinal cord and injured spinal cord. By contrast, the expression of HDGF‑2 was low in uninjured adult spinal cords. HDGF‑2 expression in the fetal rat spinal cord and injured spinal cord was significantly higher than that in uninjured adult spinal cord tissues (P<0.05). The number of cells positive for HDGF‑2 was 141±62, 107±33 and 92±18 at days 1, 21 and 45 following SCI, respectively, as opposed to 50±9 in uninjured rats, and a significant difference was identified between the different time‑points following SCI (P<0.01). In conclusion, the overexpression of HDGF‑2 in the embryonic spinal cord and injured spinal cord may be involved in fetal spinal cord development and repair of SCI, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerui Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Guolong Mei
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yuchun Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jican Zeng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Guanfeng Yao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xinjia Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
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Bao C, Wang J, Ma W, Wang X, Cheng Y. HDGF: a novel jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Future Oncol 2015; 10:2675-85. [PMID: 25236340 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HDGF is an important regulator of a broad range of cancer cell activities and plays important roles in cancer cell transformation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis. Such a divergent influence of HDGF on cancer cell activities derives from its multiple inter- and sub-cellular localizations where it interacts with a range of different binding partners. Interestingly, high levels of HDGF could be detected in patients' serum of some cancers. This review is focused on the role of HDGF in tumorigenesis and metastasis, and provides insight for application in clinical cancer therapy as well as its clinical implications as a prognostic marker in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihang Bao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, China
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Chen SC, Hu TH, Huang CC, Kung ML, Chu TH, Yi LN, Huang ST, Chan HH, Chuang JH, Liu LF, Wu HC, Wu DC, Chang MC, Tai MH. Hepatoma-derived growth factor/nucleolin axis as a novel oncogenic pathway in liver carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2015; 6:16253-70. [PMID: 25938538 PMCID: PMC4599268 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) overexpression is involved in liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis. However, the receptor(s) and signaling for HDGF remain unclear. By using affinity chromatography and proteomic techniques, nucleolin (NCL) was identified and validated as a HDGF-interacting membrane protein in hepatoma cells. Exogenous HDGF elicited the membrane NCL accumulation within 0.5 hour by protein stabilization and transcriptional NCL upregulation within 24 hours. Blockade of surface NCL by antibodies neutralization potently suppressed HDGF uptake and HDGF-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling in hepatoma cells. By using rescectd hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, immunohistochemical analysis revealed NCL overexpression was correlated with tumour grades, vascular invasion, serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and the poor survival in HCC patients. Multivariate analysis showed NCL was an independent prognostic factor for survival outcome of HCC patients after surgery. To delineate the role of NCL in liver carcinogenesis, ectopic NCL overexpression promoted the oncogenic behaviours and induced PI3K/Akt activation in hepatoma cells. Conversely, NCL knockdown by RNA interference attenuated the oncogenic behaviours and PI3K/Akt signaling, which could be partially rescued by exogenous HDGF supply. In summary, this study provides the first evidence that surface NCL transmits the oncogenic signaling of HDGF and facilitates a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Cher Chen
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hui Hu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Huei Chu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Li-Na Yi
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tsung Huang
- Graduate Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Hoi-Hung Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Li-Feng Liu
- Department of Biological Science & Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- Graduate Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chi Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Graduate Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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10
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Su PY, Wang YF, Huang SW, Lo YC, Wang YH, Wu SR, Shieh DB, Chen SH, Wang JR, Lai MD, Chang CF. Cell surface nucleolin facilitates enterovirus 71 binding and infection. J Virol 2015; 89:4527-38. [PMID: 25673703 PMCID: PMC4442404 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03498-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Because the pathogenesis of enterovirus 71 (EV71) remains mostly ambiguous, identifying the factors that mediate viral binding and entry to host cells is indispensable to ultimately uncover the mechanisms that underlie virus infection and pathogenesis. Despite the identification of several receptors/attachment molecules for EV71, the binding, entry, and infection mechanisms of EV71 remain unclear. Herein, we employed glycoproteomic approaches to identify human nucleolin as a novel binding receptor for EV71. Glycoproteins purified by lectin chromatography from the membrane extraction of human cells were treated with sialidase, followed by immunoprecipitation with EV71 particles. Among the 16 proteins identified by tandem mass spectrometry analysis, cell surface nucleolin attracted our attention. We found that EV71 interacted directly with nucleolin via the VP1 capsid protein and that an antinucleolin antibody reduced the binding of EV71 to human cells. In addition, the knockdown of cell surface nucleolin decreased EV71 binding, infection, and production in human cells. Furthermore, the expression of human nucleolin on the cell surface of a mouse cell line increased EV71 binding and conferred EV71 infection and production in the cells. These results strongly indicate that human nucleolin can mediate EV71 binding to and infection of cells. Our findings also demonstrate that the use of glycoproteomic approaches is a reliable methodology to discover novel receptors for pathogens. IMPORTANCE Outbreaks of EV71 have been reported in Asia-Pacific countries and have caused thousands of deaths in young children during the last 2 decades. The discovery of new EV71-interacting molecules to understand the infection mechanism has become an emergent issue. Hence, this study uses glycoproteomic approaches to comprehensively investigate the EV71-interacting glycoproteins. Several EV71-interacting glycoproteins are identified, and the role of cell surface nucleolin in mediating the attachment and entry of EV71 is characterized and validated. Our findings not only indicate a novel target for uncovering the EV71 infection mechanism and anti-EV71 drug discovery but also provide a new strategy for virus receptor identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Su
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fang Wang
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Wen Huang
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chih Lo
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shang-Rung Wu
- Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Dar-Bin Shieh
- Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jen-Ren Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Der Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Fa Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tao F, Ye MF, Sun AJ, Lv JQ, Xu GG, Jing YM, Wang W. Prognostic significance of nuclear hepatoma-derived growth factor expression in gallbladder cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:9564-9569. [PMID: 25071353 PMCID: PMC4110590 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i28.9564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the expression of nuclear hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) in benign and malignant gallbladder lesions and to determine its clinicopathological significance.
METHODS: We studied 40 patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) and a control group of 40 patients with cholelithiasis. All diagnoses of GBC and cholelithiasis were confirmed by histopathological examination after surgery. None of the patients received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery. All tissue samples were fixed in 4% formalin immediately after removal and embedded in paraffin for immunohistochemical staining. The HDGF expression in the GBC and cholelithiasis specimens was examined by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between the HDGF expression and the clinicopathological parameters of GBC was analyzed.
RESULTS: Nuclear HDGF expression was significantly higher (77.5%) in GBC than in chronic cholelithiasis (21.5%, P < 0.001). High nuclear HDGF levels were associated with histopathological subtype (P < 0.05), clinical stage (P < 0.01), and perineural invasion (P < 0.01) but not with sex, age, history of gallstones, or lymph node metastasis. A univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that positive nuclear HDGF expression was associated with decreased overall survival (P < 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that nuclear HDGF expression and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for disease-free survival.
CONCLUSION: The expression of nuclear HDGF might be closely related to the carcinogenesis, clinical biological behaviors, and prognosis of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.
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Wu DM, Zhang P, Liu RY, Sang YX, Zhou C, Xu GC, Yang JL, Tong AP, Wang CT. Phosphorylation and changes in the distribution of nucleolin promote tumor metastasis via the PI3K/Akt pathway in colorectal carcinoma. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:1921-9. [PMID: 24713430 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the changes in the distribution of nucleolin. Our study identified PI3K/Akt signaling as an essential pathway regulating the distribution of nucleolin. Furthermore, nucleolin can interact with phospho-PI3K-p55, and changes in the distribution of nucleolin were related to its phosphorylation. Subsequently, we analyzed the correlation of VEGF and nucleolin, and found that distribution of nucleolin related to metastatic potential. Finally, blocking cell surface nucleolin influences the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. This indicates that nucleolin may be a novel cancer therapy target and a predictive marker for tumor migration in colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-ming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ru-yan Liu
- Graduate School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Ya-xiong Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Cong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Guang-chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jin-liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ai-ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Chun-ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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Downregulated expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) reduces gallbladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Med Oncol 2013; 30:587. [PMID: 23609195 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF), a heparin-binding growth factor, has a wide range of biological functions, including mitogenic activity and vascular development. Recent studies demonstrated that HDGF also acted as an oncogene with aberrantly increased activity in multiple human cancers; however, little is known about the biological function of HDGF in gallbladder cancer (GBC). In this study, we focused on the clinical significance and biological functions of HDGF in GBC and found that Nuclear HDGF protein overexpression was frequently detected in GBC tissues. Patients with nuclear HDGF-positive tumors had worse overall survival than patients with HDGF-negative tumors. Furthermore, treatment of GBC lines with HDGF-targeting siRNA oligonucleotides (HDGF-siRNA) significantly reduced the proliferation of GBC-SD and SGC-996 cell lines and diminished both anchorage-independent growth on soft agar and cell migration. These data indicate that HDGF acts as a putative oncogene in GBC and could be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for GBC.
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