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Pei P, Guo W, Qi M, Jiang J, Feng S, Luo SZ, Chen L. Identification of low-abundance proteins in the royal jelly using the Osborne classification method. J Proteomics 2024; 306:105266. [PMID: 39053808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is recognized as healthy food, with a high content of proteins. These proteins play important roles in honeybee caste and human health, but the proteomic analysis of low-abundance proteins in RJ has long been a challenge. Herein, we used the Osborne classification method to separate the RJ proteins of Xinjiang black bees into various fractions. The globulin, ethanol-soluble protein, and glutelin fractions were further separated by SDS-PAGE, and proteomic analysis was carried out by LC-MS/MS and searched against the UniProt database. A total of 23 secretory proteins were identified by proteomic analysis, in which 7 proteins were identified for the first time in RJ. The Osborne classification method combining one-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomic analysis allows the identification of low-abundance proteins in the RJ and greatly extends the knowledge about the components and functions of RJ proteins. The raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD023315. SIGNIFICANCE: This study makes an important contribution to the research of the components and functions of low-abundance royal jelly proteins for the following reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenxu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingxue Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianhui Jiang
- Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Resources Utilization in South Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
| | - Shan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, The Biomedical Research Core Facility, Center for Research Equipment and Facilities, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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2
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Erban T, Markovic M, Sopko B. Sublethal acetamiprid exposure induces immunity, suppresses pathways linked to juvenile hormone synthesis in queens and affects cycle-related signaling in emerging bees. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123901. [PMID: 38556147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Acetamiprid is the only neonicotinoid registered in the European Union because the risks of neonicotinoids to honey bees and other pollinators are strictly regulated. Herein, we orally exposed honey bee colonies to sublethal concentrations of acetamiprid (20 μg/L) under isolated conditions. After one month of continuous exposure, the emerging bees and queens were collected and analyzed via high-throughput label-free quantitative proteomics using a data-independent acquisition strategy. Six and 34 significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in the emerging bees and queens, respectively. Mrjp3 was the only DEP found in both sample types/castes, and its opposite regulation illustrated a differential response. The DEPs in the emerging bees (H/ACA RNP, Rap1GAP, Mrjp3, and JHE) suggested that sublethal exposure to acetamiprid affected cell cycle-related signaling, which may affect the life history of workers in the colony. The DEPs with increased levels in queens, such as Mrjps 1-4 and 6-7, hymenoptaecin, and apidaecin 22, indicated an activated immune response. Additionally, the level of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), which is essential for the mevalonate pathway and juvenile hormone biosynthesis, was significantly decreased in queens. The impaired utilization of juvenile hormone in queens supported the identification of additional DEPs. Furthermore, the proteome changes suggested the existence of increased neonicotinoid detoxification by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and increased amino acid metabolism. The results suggest that the continuous exposure of bee colonies to acetamiprid at low doses (nanograms per gram in feed) may pose a threat to the colonies. The different exposure routes and durations for the emerging bees and queens in our experiment must be considered, i.e., the emerging bees were exposed as larvae via feeding royal jelly and beebread provided by workers (nurse bees), whereas the queens were fed royal jelly throughout the experiment. The biological consequences of the proteomic changes resulting from sublethal/chronic exposure require future determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Erban
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, Prague 6-Ruzyne, CZ-161 06, Czechia.
| | - Martin Markovic
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, Prague 6-Ruzyne, CZ-161 06, Czechia
| | - Bruno Sopko
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, Prague 6-Ruzyne, CZ-161 06, Czechia
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3
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Liu B, Xu Y, Zhang W. Transcriptome analysis of Apis mellifera antennae reveals molecular divergence underlying the division of labour in worker bees. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 33:101-111. [PMID: 37864451 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The olfactory system plays a fundamental role in mediating insect behaviour. Worker bees exhibit an age-dependent division of labour, performing discrete sets of behaviours throughout their lifespan. The behavioural states of bees rely on their sense of the environment and chemical communication via their olfactory system, the antennae. However, the olfactory adaptation mechanism of worker bees during their behavioural development remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of antennal gene expression in the Apis mellifera of newly emerged workers, nurses, foragers and defenders using RNA-seq. We found that the antenna tissues of honey bees continued developing after transformation from newly emerged workers to adults. Additionally, we identified differentially expressed genes associated with bee development and division of labour. We validated that major royal jelly protein genes are highly and specifically expressed in nurse honey bee workers. Furthermore, we identified and validated significant alternative splicing events correlated with the development and division of labour. These findings provide a comprehensive transcriptome profile and a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms that may underlie the worker honey bee division of labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bairu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yicong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Paget BW, Kleffmann T, Whiteman KE, Thomas MF, McMahon CD. Quantitative comparison of manuka and clover honey proteomes with royal jelly. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0272898. [PMID: 36763642 PMCID: PMC9916596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly and honey are two substances produced successively by the worker bee caste. Modern proteomics approaches have been used to explore the protein component of each substance independently, but to date none have quantitatively compared the protein profile of honey and royal jelly directly. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) was used to compare protein quantities of bee origin in mānuka and clover honey to royal jelly. Two analysis techniques identified 76 proteins in total. Peptide intensity was directly compared for a subset of 31 proteins that were identified with high confidence, and the relative changes in protein abundance were compared between each honey type and royal jelly. Major Royal Jelly Proteins (MRJPs) had similar profiles in both honeys, except MRJP6, which was significantly more abundant in clover honey. Proteins involved in nectar metabolism were more abundant in honey than in royal jelly as expected. However, the trend revealed a potential catalytic role for MRJP6 in clover honey and a nectar- or honey-specific role for uncharacterised protein LOC408608. The abundance of MRJP6 in mānuka honey was equivalent to royal jelly suggesting a potential effect of nectar type on expression of this protein. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038889.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake W. Paget
- Hamilton Laboratory, ManukaMed LP, Masterton, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Torsten Kleffmann
- Division of Health Sciences, Research Infrastructure Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Mark F. Thomas
- Hamilton Laboratory, ManukaMed LP, Masterton, New Zealand
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5
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Mureşan CI, Dezmirean DS, Marc BD, Suharoschi R, Pop OL, Buttstedt A. Biological properties and activities of major royal jelly proteins and their derived peptides. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Li S, Tao L, Yu X, Zheng H, Wu J, Hu F. Royal Jelly Proteins and Their Derived Peptides: Preparation, Properties, and Biological Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14415-14427. [PMID: 34807598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Royal jelly, also called bee milk, is a source of high-quality proteins. Royal jelly proteins serve as not only a rich source of essential amino acids and functional donors but also an excellent substrate for preparing bioactive peptides. Most naturally occurring bioactive peptides in royal jelly are antibacterial, while peptides derived from proteolytic reactions are shown to exert antihypertensive, antioxidative, and anti-aging activities. Further studies are warranted to characterize the functional properties of major royal jelly proteins and peptides, to explore the preparation of bioactive peptides and the potential novel activities, to improve their bioavailability, to enhance the production efficiency for commercial availability, and finally to open up new applications for royal jelly as a functional food and potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingchen Tao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Huoqing Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Ag/For Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
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7
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Balli OI, Uversky VN, Durdagi S, Coskuner-Weber O. Challenges and limitations in the studies of glycoproteins: A computational chemist's perspective. Proteins 2021; 90:322-339. [PMID: 34549826 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Experimenters face challenges and limitations while analyzing glycoproteins due to their high flexibility, stereochemistry, anisotropic effects, and hydration phenomena. Computational studies complement experiments and have been used in characterization of the structural properties of glycoproteins. However, recent investigations revealed that computational studies face significant challenges as well. Here, we introduce and discuss some of these challenges and weaknesses in the investigations of glycoproteins. We also present requirements of future developments in computational biochemistry and computational biology areas that could be necessary for providing more accurate structural property analyses of glycoproteins using computational tools. Further theoretical strategies that need to be and can be developed are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyku Irem Balli
- Molecular Biotechnology, Turkish-German University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Dong Z, Ye L, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Li B, Zhang T, Zhao P. Identification of N-linked Glycoproteins in Silkworm Serum Using Con A Lectin Affinity Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2021; 21:6353166. [PMID: 34401920 PMCID: PMC8367846 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications to occur during protein biosynthesis, but remains poorly understood in insects. In this study, we collected serum proteins from two silkworm developmental stages, namely day 7 of the fifth instar larval stage and day 2 of the pupal stage. Results of SDS-PAGE and periodic acid-Schiff staining revealed that most serum proteins with high abundance were putative glycoproteins. LC-MS/MS identified 149 larval and 303 pupal serum proteins in the Con A lectin-enriched fractions. GO analysis revealed that many serum proteins were involved in the proteolysis and carbohydrate metabolic process. 82 N-linked glycoproteins with at least one glycosylation site were identified. N-Linked glycosylation occurred at the sequon, Asn-X-Ser/Thr, and the proportions of Ser and Thr glycosylation at the hydroxy position were found 39.6% and 60.3%, respectively. The N-glycan structures found in serum glycoproteins were mainly Man2FucGlcNAc2 (67.9%). Since storage protein 1 and transferrin had a relatively high abundance in the serum and could be significantly enriched by Con A lectin, their glycosylation was analyzed in detail. Glycoside hydrases, serine proteases and serpins were found to form three interacting glycoprotein networks using the website STRING. This study provides important clues for the understanding of the function of N-linked glycosylation in metabolism, immunity, and metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Benchi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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9
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Mining the Royal Jelly Proteins: Combinatorial Hexapeptide Ligand Library Significantly Improves the MS-Based Proteomic Identification in Complex Biological Samples. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 26:molecules26092762. [PMID: 34067143 PMCID: PMC8125745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is a complex, creamy secretion produced by the glands of worker bees. Due to its health-promoting properties, it is used by humans as a dietary supplement. However, RJ compounds are not fully characterized yet. Hence, in this research, we aimed to broaden the knowledge of the proteomic composition of fresh RJ. Water extracts of the samples were pre-treated using combinatorial hexapeptide ligand libraries (ProteoMinerTM kit), trypsin-digested, and analyzed by a nanoLC-MALDI-TOF/TOF MS system. To check the ProteoMinerTM performance in the MS-based protein identification, we also examined RJ extracts that were not prepared with the ProteoMinerTM kit. We identified a total of 86 proteins taxonomically classified to Apis spp. (bees). Among them, 74 proteins were detected in RJ extracts pre-treated with ProteoMinerTM kit, and only 50 proteins were found in extracts non-enriched with this technique. Ten of the identified features were hypothetical proteins whose existence has been predicted, but any experimental evidence proves their in vivo expression. Additionally, we detected four uncharacterized proteins of unknown functions. The results of this research indicate that the ProteoMinerTM strategy improves proteomic identification in complex biological samples. Broadening the knowledge of RJ composition may contribute to the development of standards and regulations, enhancing the quality of RJ, and consequently, the safety of its supplementation.
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10
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Harwood G, Salmela H, Freitak D, Amdam G. Social immunity in honey bees: royal jelly as a vehicle in transferring bacterial pathogen fragments between nestmates. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:238089. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.231076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Social immunity is a suite of behavioral and physiological traits that allow colony members to protect one another from pathogens, and includes the oral transfer of immunological compounds between nestmates. In honey bees, royal jelly is a glandular secretion produced by a subset of workers that is fed to the queen and young larvae, and which contains many antimicrobial compounds. A related form of social immunity, transgenerational immune priming (TGIP), allows queens to transfer pathogen fragments into their developing eggs, where they are recognized by the embryo's immune system and induce higher pathogen resistance in the new offspring. These pathogen fragments are transported by vitellogenin (Vg), an egg-yolk precursor protein that is also used by nurses to synthesize royal jelly. Therefore, royal jelly may serve as a vehicle to transport pathogen fragments from workers to other nestmates. To investigate this, we recently showed that ingested bacteria are transported to nurses' jelly-producing glands, and here, we show that pathogen fragments are incorporated into the royal jelly. Moreover, we show that consuming pathogen cells induces higher levels of an antimicrobial peptide found in royal jelly, defensin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan Harwood
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Heli Salmela
- Department of Biosciences, Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dalial Freitak
- Institute of Biology, Division of Zoology, University of Graz, A8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gro Amdam
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432 Aas, Norway
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11
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Uversky VN, Albar AH, Khan RH, Redwan EM. Multifunctionality and intrinsic disorder of royal jelly proteome. Proteomics 2021; 21:e2000237. [PMID: 33463023 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Royal Jelly (RJ) is a gelatinous white-yellowish fluid, possessing a sour taste and a slight phenolic smell that is secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular salivary glands of the nurse honeybees, and is used in nutrition of larvae and adult queens. Similar to other substances associated with the activities of honeybees, RJ not only contains nutritive components, such as carbohydrates, proteins, peptides, lipids, vitamins, and mineral salts, but also represents a natural ingredient with cosmetic and health-promoting properties. RJ is characterized by remarkable multifunctionality, possessing numerous biological activities. Although this multifunctionality of RJ can be considered as a consequence of its complex nature, many proteins and peptides in RJ are polyfunctional entities themselves. In this article, we show that RJ proteins contain different levels of intrinsic disorder, have sites of post-translational modifications, can be found in multiple isoforms, and many of them possess disorder-based binding sites, suggesting that the conformational ensembles of the RJ proteins might undergo change as a result of their interaction with specific binding partners. All these observations suggest that the multifunctionality of proteins and peptides from RJ is determined by their structural heterogeneity and polymorphism, and serve as an illustration of the protein structure-function continuum concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589 80203, Saudi Arabia.,Protein Research Group, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia.,Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Abdulgader H Albar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan H Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Elrashdy M Redwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589 80203, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Brudzynski K, Sjaarda CP. Colloidal structure of honey and its influence on antibacterial activity. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2063-2080. [PMID: 33569893 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Honey colloidal structure emerges as a new trend in research on honey functions since it became recognized as a major factor altering bioactivity of honey compounds. In honey complex matrix, macromolecules self-associate to colloidal particles at the critical concentration, driven by honey viscosity. Sequestration of macromolecules into colloids changes their activities and affects honey antibacterial function. This review fills the 80-year-old gap in research on honey colloidal structure. It summarizes past and current status of the research on honey colloids and describes physicochemical properties and the mechanisms of colloid formation and their dissociation upon honey dilution. The experimental observations are explained in the context of theoretical background of colloidal science. The functional changes and bioactivity of honey macromolecules bound to colloidal particles are illustrated here by the production of H2 O2 by glucose oxidase and the effect they have on antibacterial activity of honey. The changes in the production of H2 O2 and antibacterial activity of honey were coordinated with the changes in the aggregation-dissociation states of honey colloidal particles upon dilution. In all cases, these changes were nonlinear, assuming an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve. At the curve maximum, the production of H2 O2 and antibacterial activity reached the peak. The curve maximum signaled the minimum honey concentration required for the phase separation. With phase transition from two-phase colloidal condense state to dilute state dispersion, the change to opposite effects of dilution on these honey's activities occurred. Thus, the colloidal structure strongly influences bioactivity of honey compounds and affects its antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Brudzynski
- Department of Drug Discovery, Bee-Bimedical Inc., St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University and Department of Drug Discovery, Bee-Biomedicals Inc., St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Calvin P Sjaarda
- Queen's Genomics Lab at Ongwanada (Q-GLO), Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Bălan A, Moga MA, Dima L, Toma S, Elena Neculau A, Anastasiu CV. Royal Jelly-A Traditional and Natural Remedy for Postmenopausal Symptoms and Aging-Related Pathologies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143291. [PMID: 32698461 PMCID: PMC7397171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Women's life stages are based on their reproductive cycle. This cycle begins with menstruation and ends with menopause. Aging is a natural phenomenon that affects all humans, and it is associated with a decrease in the overall function of the organism. In women, aging is related with and starts with menopause. Also, during menopause and postmenopausal period, the risk of various age-related diseases and complaints is higher. For this reason, researchers were pushed to find effective remedies that could promote healthy aging and extended lifespan. Apitherapy is a type of alternative medicine that uses natural products from honeybees, such as honey, propolis, royal jelly, etc. Royal jelly is a natural yellowish-white substance, secreted by both hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nurse bees, usually used to feed the queen bees and young worker larvae. Over the centuries, this natural product was considered a gold mine for traditional and natural medicine, due to its miraculous effects. Royal jelly has been used for a long time in commercial medical products. It has been demonstrated to possess a wide range of functional properties, such as: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, vasodilatative, hypotensive, anticancer, estrogen-like, antihypercholesterolemic, and antioxidant activities. This product is usually used to supplement various diseases such as cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, sexual dysfunctions, diabetes or cancer. The main objective of this study is to highlight the effectiveness of royal jelly supplementation in relieving menopause symptoms and aging-related diseases. We also aimed to review the most recent research advances regarding the composition of royal jelly for a better understanding of the effects on human health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Bălan
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (A.B.); (M.A.M.); (C.V.A.)
| | - Marius Alexandru Moga
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (A.B.); (M.A.M.); (C.V.A.)
| | - Lorena Dima
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania;
| | - Sebastian Toma
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania;
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (A.E.N.); Tel.: +40-0268-412-185 (S.T. & A.E.N.)
| | - Andrea Elena Neculau
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania;
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (A.E.N.); Tel.: +40-0268-412-185 (S.T. & A.E.N.)
| | - Costin Vlad Anastasiu
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (A.B.); (M.A.M.); (C.V.A.)
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14
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Fan P, Han B, Hu H, Wei Q, Zhang X, Meng L, Nie J, Tang X, Tian X, Zhang L, Wang L, Li J. Proteome of thymus and spleen reveals that 10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid could enhance immunity in mice. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:267-279. [PMID: 32077781 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1733529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: 10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid (10-HDA), a unique component of royal jelly existing only in nature, has the potential to promote human health. Knowledge of 10-HDA in regulating immuno-activity, however, is lacking. The aim of our work is to gain a novel understanding of 10-HDA in promoting immunity.Methods: Immuno-suppressed mice were generated by cyclophosphamide injection, After 10-HDA supplementation to the mice to rescue their immunity, the proteomes of the thymus and spleen were analyzed.Results: The weight of the body, thymus, and spleen in cyclophosphamide-induced mice recovered by 10-HDA indicate its potential role in immuno-organ protection. In the thymus, the enhanced activity of pathways associated with DNA/RNA/protein activities may be critical for T-lymphocyte proliferation/differentiation, and cytotoxicity. In the spleen, the induced pathways involved in DNA/RNA/protein activities, and cell proliferative stimulation suggest their vital role in B-lymphocyte affinity maturation, antigen presentation, and macrophage activity. The up-regulated proteins highly connected in networks modulated by 10-HDA indicate that the mice may evolve tactics to respond to immuno-organ impairment by activating critical physiological processes.Conclusion: Our data constitute a proof-of-concept that 10-HDA is a potential agent to improve immunity in the thymus and spleen and offer a new venue for applying natural products to the therapy for hypoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qiaohong Wei
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Technology, Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Department of Technology, Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xinyue Tian
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Research & Development, Henan Jianda Bio Sci. & Tech. Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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15
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New Insights into the Biological and Pharmaceutical Properties of Royal Jelly. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020382. [PMID: 31936187 PMCID: PMC7014095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is a yellowish-white and acidic secretion of hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nurse bees used to feed young worker larvae during the first three days and the entire life of queen bees. RJ is one of the most appreciated and valued natural product which has been mainly used in traditional medicines, health foods, and cosmetics for a long time in different parts of the world. It is also the most studied bee product, aimed at unravelling its bioactivities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-aging, immunomodulatory, and general tonic action against laboratory animals, microbial organisms, farm animals, and clinical trials. It is commonly used to supplement various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and Alzheimer's disease. Here, we highlight the recent research advances on the main bioactive compounds of RJ, such as proteins, peptides, fatty acids, and phenolics, for a comprehensive understanding of the biochemistry, biological, and pharmaceutical responses to human health promotion and life benefits. This is potentially important to gain novel insight into the biological and pharmaceutical properties of RJ.
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16
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Altaye SZ, Meng L, Lu Y, Li J. The Emerging Proteomic Research Facilitates in-Depth Understanding of the Biology of Honeybees. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174252. [PMID: 31480282 PMCID: PMC6747239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in instrumentation and computational analysis in proteomics have opened new doors for honeybee biological research at the molecular and biochemical levels. Proteomics has greatly expanded the understanding of honeybee biology since its introduction in 2005, through which key signaling pathways and proteins that drive honeybee development and behavioral physiology have been identified. This is critical for downstream mechanistic investigation by knocking a gene down/out or overexpressing it and being able to attribute a specific phenotype/biochemical change to that gene. Here, we review how emerging proteome research has contributed to the new understanding of honeybee biology. A systematic and comprehensive analysis of global scientific progress in honeybee proteome research is essential for a better understanding of research topics and trends, and is potentially useful for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Zewdu Altaye
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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17
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Lin N, Li J, Shao R, Zhang H. Site-Specific Analysis of N-Linked Glycosylation Heterogeneity from Royal Jelly Glycoproteins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9411-9422. [PMID: 31393126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is secreted by young worker bees, and it plays key roles in the development and physiological function in honeybees and can improve human health. Although there have been analyses on the glycosylation modification of RJ proteins, none of these methods have been conducted on a site-specific analysis of glycosylation from these glycoproteins. Here, a combined glycomics and glycoproteomics strategy was developed for the site-specific analysis of N-linked glycosylation heterogeneity of RJ glycoproteins. First, global characterization of the N-glycome of RJ was performed using a direct infusion ion trap-sequential mass spectrometry (IT-MSn) method. Second, tryptic glycopeptides were enriched and separated by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-ion trap-sequential mass spectrometry (HILIC-IT-MSn). A total of 50 N-glycopeptides and 30 N-glycans have been site-specific glycosylation profiled in major royal jelly protein 1 (MRJP1) and MRJP2 of RJ for the first time. Eighteen of the identified N-glycans have been structurally characterized by IT-MSn, including oligosaccharide composition, sequence, branching, and linkage. Two N-glycosylation sites (N177 and N394), 3 sites (N145, N178, and N92), and 1 site of N183 were identified in MRJP1, MRJP2, and MRJP3, respectively. There were 18, 17, and 2 N-glycans attached to MRJP1, MRJP2, and MRJP3, respectively. The diversity of N-glycans attached to each single glycosylation site of these glycoproteins confirmed that MRJP1 and MRJP2 heterogeneity was mostly associated with their glycoform populations. Understanding the properties of the site-specific glycosylation heterogeneity of the RJ glycoproteins can be potentially useful for producing a glycoprotein with desirable pharmacokinetic and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lin
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 310018 , P. R. China
| | - Junmin Li
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 310018 , P. R. China
| | - Rouming Shao
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 310018 , P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 310018 , P. R. China
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18
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Dobritzsch D, Aumer D, Fuszard M, Erler S, Buttstedt A. The rise and fall of major royal jelly proteins during a honeybee ( Apis mellifera) workers' life. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:8771-8782. [PMID: 31410279 PMCID: PMC6686338 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of the western honeybee (Apis mellifera) harbors nine transcribed major royal jelly protein genes (mrjp1-9) which originate from a single-copy precursor via gene duplication. The first MRJP was identified in royal jelly, a secretion of the bees' hypopharyngeal glands that is used by young worker bees, called nurses, to feed developing larvae. Thus, MRJPs are frequently assumed to mainly have functions for developing bee larvae and to be expressed in the food glands of nurse bees. In-depth knowledge on caste- and age-specific role and abundance of MRJPs is missing. We here show, using combined quantitative real-time PCR with quantitative mass spectrometry, that expression and protein amount of mrjp1-5 and mrjp7 show an age-dependent pattern in worker's hypopharyngeal glands as well as in brains, albeit lower relative abundance in brains than in glands. Expression increases after hatching until the nurse bee period and is followed by a decrease in older workers that forage for plant products. Mrjp6 expression deviates considerably from the expression profiles of the other mrjps, does not significantly vary in the brain, and shows its highest expression in the hypopharyngeal glands during the forager period. Furthermore, it is the only mrjp of which transcript abundance does not correlate with protein amount. Mrjp8 and mrjp9 show, compared to the other mrjps, a very low expression in both tissues. Albeit mrjp8 mRNA was detected via qPCR, the protein was not quantified in any of the tissues. Due to the occurrence of MRJP8 and MRJP9 in other body parts of the bees, for example, the venom gland, they might not have a hypopharyngeal gland- or brain-specific function but rather functions in other tissues. Thus, mrjp1-7 but not mrjp8 and mrjp9 might be involved in the regulation of phenotypic plasticity and age polyethism in worker honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Dobritzsch
- Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie, PflanzenbiochemieMartin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
- Proteinzentrum Charles Tanford, Core Facility ‐ Proteomic Mass SpectrometryMartin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Denise Aumer
- Institut für BiologieMolekulare ÖkologieMartin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Matthew Fuszard
- Proteinzentrum Charles Tanford, Core Facility ‐ Proteomic Mass SpectrometryMartin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Silvio Erler
- Institut für BiologieMolekulare ÖkologieMartin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Anja Buttstedt
- Institut für BiologieMolekulare ÖkologieMartin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
- B CUBE ‐ Center for Molecular BioengineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
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19
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Erban T, Shcherbachenko E, Talacko P, Harant K. The Unique Protein Composition of Honey Revealed by Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis: Allergens, Venom-like Proteins, Antibacterial Properties, Royal Jelly Proteins, Serine Proteases, and Their Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1217-1226. [PMID: 30995037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Honey is a unique natural product produced by European honeybees. Due to its high economic value, honey is considered to be well characterized chemically, and it is often discovered to be an adulterated commodity. However, this study shows that our knowledge of honey protein composition, which is of high medical and pharmaceutical importance, is incomplete. In this in-depth proteomic study of 13 honeys, we identified a number of proteins that are important for an understanding of honey properties and merit additional pharmaceutical research. Our major result is an expanded understanding of the proteins underlying honey's antimicrobial properties, such as hymenoptaecin and defensin-1, glucose dehydrogenase isoforms, venom allergens and other venom-like proteins, serine proteases and serine protease inhibitors, and a series of royal jelly proteins. In addition, we performed quantitative comparisons of all of the proteins previously known or newly identified. The honey proteins, determined using label-free nLC-MS/MS in which the same protein quantity was analyzed in one series, were found in relatively similar proportions, although eucalyptus honey differed most widely from the remaining honeys. Overall, the proteome analysis indicated that honeybees supply proteins to honey in a relatively stable ratio within each proteome, but total protein quantity can differ by approximately an order of magnitude in different honeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Erban
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Laboratory , Crop Research Institute , Drnovska 507/73 , Prague 6-Ruzyne , CZ-16106 , Czechia
| | - Elena Shcherbachenko
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Laboratory , Crop Research Institute , Drnovska 507/73 , Prague 6-Ruzyne , CZ-16106 , Czechia
| | - Pavel Talacko
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science , Charles University , BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595 , Vestec , CZ-25242 , Czechia
| | - Karel Harant
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science , Charles University , BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595 , Vestec , CZ-25242 , Czechia
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20
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Hu H, Bezabih G, Feng M, Wei Q, Zhang X, Wu F, Meng L, Fang Y, Han B, Ma C, Li J. In-depth Proteome of the Hypopharyngeal Glands of Honeybee Workers Reveals Highly Activated Protein and Energy Metabolism in Priming the Secretion of Royal Jelly. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:606-621. [PMID: 30617159 PMCID: PMC6442370 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.001257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is a secretion of the hypopharyngeal glands (HGs) of honeybee workers. High royal jelly producing bees (RJBs), a stock of honeybees selected from Italian bees (ITBs), have developed a stronger ability to produce RJ than ITBs. However, the mechanism underpinning the high RJ-producing performance in RJBs is still poorly understood. We have comprehensively characterized and compared the proteome across the life span of worker bees between the ITBs and RJBs. Our data uncover distinct molecular landscapes that regulate the gland ontogeny and activity corresponding with age-specific tasks. Nurse bees (NBs) have a well-developed acini morphology and cytoskeleton of secretory cells in HGs to prime the gland activities of RJ secretion. In RJB NBs, pathways involved in protein synthesis and energy metabolism are functionally induced to cement the enhanced RJ secretion compared with ITBs. In behavior-manipulated RJB NBs, the strongly expressed proteins implicated in protein synthesis and energy metabolism further demonstrate their critical roles in the regulation of RJ secretion. Our findings provide a novel understanding of the mechanism consolidating the high RJ-output in RJBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Hu
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Gebreamlak Bezabih
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Mao Feng
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qiaohong Wei
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Fan Wu
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yu Fang
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Bin Han
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jianke Li
- From the ‡ Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China.
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21
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Hossen MS, Nahar T, Gan SH, Khalil MI. Bioinformatics and Therapeutic Insights on Proteins in Royal Jelly. CURR PROTEOMICS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570164615666181012113130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
To date, there is no x-ray crystallography or structures from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on royal jelly proteins available in the online data banks. In addition, characterization of proteins in royal jelly is not fully accomplished to date. Although new investigations unravel novel proteins in royal jelly, the majority of a protein family is present in high amounts (80-90%).
Objective:
In this review, we attempted to predict the three-dimensional structure of royal jelly proteins (especially the major royal jelly proteins) to allow visualization of the four protein surface properties (aromaticity, hydrophobicity, ionizability and (hydrogen (H)-bond) by using bioinformatics tools. Furthermore, we gathered the information on available therapeutic activities of crude royal jelly and its proteins.
Methods:
For protein modeling, prediction and analysis, the Phyre2 web portal systematically browsed in which the modeling mode was intensive. On the other side, to build visualized understanding of surface aromaticity, hydrophobicity, ionizability and H-bond of royal jelly proteins, the Discovery Studio 4.1 (Accelrys Software Inc.) was used.
Results:
Our in silico study confirmed that all proteins treasure these properties, including aromaticity, hydrophobicity, ionizability and (hydrogen (H)-bond. Another finding was that newly discovered proteins in royal jelly do not belong to the major royal jelly protein group.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the three dimensional structure of royal jelly proteins along with its major characteristics were successfully elucidated in this review. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the detailed physiochemical properties and pharmacotherapeutics of royal jelly proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sakib Hossen
- Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Taebun Nahar
- Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md. Ibrahim Khalil
- Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
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22
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Hykollari A, Malzl D, Eckmair B, Vanbeselaere J, Scheidl P, Jin C, Karlsson NG, Wilson IBH, Paschinger K. Isomeric Separation and Recognition of Anionic and Zwitterionic N-glycans from Royal Jelly Glycoproteins. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:2177-2196. [PMID: 30104209 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly has received attention because of its necessity for the development of queen honeybees as well as claims of benefits on human health; this product of the hypopharyngeal glands of worker bees contains a large number of proteins, some of which have been claimed to have various biological effects only in their glycosylated state. However, although there have been glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses in the past, none of the glycan structures previously defined would appear to have potential to trigger specific biological functions. In the current study, whole royal jelly as well as single protein bands were subject to off-line LC-MALDI-TOF MS glycomic analyses, complemented by permethylation, Western blotting and arraying data. Similarly to recent in-depth studies on other insect species, previously overlooked glucuronic acid termini, sulfation of mannose residues and core β-mannosylation of the N-glycans were found; additionally, a relatively rare zwitterionic modification with phosphoethanolamine is present, in contrast to the phosphorylcholine occurring in lepidopteran species. Indicative of tissue-specific remodelling of glycans in the Golgi apparatus of hypopharyngeal gland cells, only a low amount of fucosylated or paucimannosidic glycans were detected as compared with other insect samples or even bee venom. The unusual modifications of hybrid and multiantennary structures defined here may not only have a physiological role in honeybee development, but represent epitopes recognized by pentraxins with roles in animal innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Hykollari
- From the ‡Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - Daniel Malzl
- From the ‡Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - Barbara Eckmair
- From the ‡Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - Jorick Vanbeselaere
- From the ‡Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - Patrick Scheidl
- From the ‡Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- §Institutionen för Biomedicin, Göteborgs universitet, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- §Institutionen för Biomedicin, Göteborgs universitet, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Iain B H Wilson
- From the ‡Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - Katharina Paschinger
- From the ‡Department für Chemie, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Wien, Austria;
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23
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Lin N, Chen S, Zhang H, Li J, Fu L. Quantification of Major Royal Jelly Protein 1 in Fresh Royal Jelly by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1270-1278. [PMID: 29381065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Major royal jelly protein 1 (MRJP1) is the most abundant protein in royal jelly (RJ), and the level of MRJP1 has been suggested as a promising parameter for standardization and evaluation of RJ authenticity in quality. Here, a quantitative method was developed for the quantification of MRJP1 in RJ based on a signature peptide and a stable isotope-labeled internal standard peptide FFDYDFGSDER*(R*, 13C6, 15N4) by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Recoveries of the established method ranged from 85.33 to 95.80%, and both the intra- and interday precision were RSD < 4.97%. Quantification results showed that content of MRJP1 in fresh RJ was 41.96-55.01 mg/g. Abnormal levels of MRJP1 were found in three commercial RJs and implied that these samples were of low quality and might be adulterated. Results of the present work suggested that the developed method could be successfully applied to quantify MRJP1 in RJ and also could evaluate the quality of RJ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Si Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Enhancement, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province , Zhoushan 316000, China
- Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, China
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24
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Transgenic silkworms secrete the recombinant glycosylated MRJP1 protein of Chinese honeybee, Apis cerana cerana. Transgenic Res 2017; 26:653-663. [PMID: 28801873 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-017-0034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Major royal jelly protein-1 (MRJP1) is the most abundant glycoprotein of royal jelly (RJ) and is considered a potential component of functional foods. In this study, we used silkworm transgenic technology to obtain five transgenic silkworm lineages expressing the exogenous recombinant Chinese honeybee, Apis cerana cerana, protein-1 (rAccMRJP1) under the control of a fibroin light chain (Fib-L) promoter in the posterior silk glands. The protein was successfully secreted into cocoons; specifically, the highest rAccMRJP1 protein content was 0.78% of the dried cocoons. Our results confirmed that the protein band of the exogenous rAccMRJP1 protein expressed in the transgenic silkworm lineages was a glycosylated protein. Therefore, this rAccMRJP1 protein could be used as an alternative standard protein sample to measure the freshness of RJ. Moreover, we also found that the overall trend between the expression of the endogenous and exogenous genes was that the expression level of the endogenous Fib-L gene declined as the expression of the exogenous rAccMRJP1 gene increased in the transgenic silkworm lineages. Thus, by employing genome editing technology to reduce silk protein expression levels, a silkworm bioreactor expression system could be developed as a highly successful system for producing various valuable heterologous proteins, potentially broadening the applications of the silkworm.
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25
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Helbing S, Lattorff HMG, Moritz RFA, Buttstedt A. Comparative analyses of the major royal jelly protein gene cluster in three Apis species with long amplicon sequencing. DNA Res 2017; 24:279-287. [PMID: 28170034 PMCID: PMC5499652 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsw064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The western honeybee, Apis mellifera is a prominent model organism in the field of sociogenomics and a recent upgrade substantially improved annotations of the reference genome. Nevertheless, genome assemblies based on short-sequencing reads suffer from problems in regions comprising e.g. multi-copy genes. We used single-molecule nanopore-based sequencing with extensive read-lengths to reconstruct the organization of the major royal jelly protein (mrjp) region in three species of the genus Apis. Long-amplicon sequencing provides evidence for lineage-specific evolutionary fates of Apis mrjps. Whereas the most basal species, A. florea, seems to encode ten mrjps, different patterns of gene loss and retention were observed for A. mellifera and A. dorsata. Furthermore, we show that a previously reported pseudogene in A. mellifera, mrjp2-like, is an assembly artefact arising from short read sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Helbing
- Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - H Michael G Lattorff
- Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robin F A Moritz
- Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria,Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Anja Buttstedt
- Institut für Biologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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26
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Wedd L, Ashby R, Foret S, Maleszka R. Developmental and loco-like effects of a swainsonine-induced inhibition of α-mannosidase in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3109. [PMID: 28321369 PMCID: PMC5357340 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deficiencies in lysosomal a-mannosidase (LAM) activity in animals, caused either by mutations or by consuming toxic alkaloids, lead to severe phenotypic and behavioural consequences. Yet, epialleles adversely affecting LAM expression exist in the honey bee population suggesting that they might be beneficial in certain contexts and cannot be eliminated by natural selection. Methods We have used a combination of enzymology, molecular biology and metabolomics to characterise the catalytic properties of honey bee LAM (AmLAM) and then used an indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine to inhibit its activity in vitro and in vivo. Results We show that AmLAM is inhibited in vitro by swainsonine albeit at slightly higher concentrations than in other animals. Dietary exposure of growing larvae to swainsonine leads to pronounced metabolic changes affecting not only saccharides, but also amino acids, polyols and polyamines. Interestingly, the abundance of two fatty acids implicated in epigenetic regulation is significantly reduced in treated individuals. Additionally, swainsonie causes loco-like symptoms, increased mortality and a subtle decrease in the rate of larval growth resulting in a subsequent developmental delay in pupal metamorphosis. Discussion We consider our findings in the context of cellular LAM function, larval development, environmental toxicity and colony-level impacts. The observed developmental heterochrony in swainsonine-treated larvae with lower LAM activity offer a plausible explanation for the existence of epialleles with impaired LAM expression. Individuals carrying such epialleles provide an additional level of epigenetic diversity that could be beneficial for the functioning of a colony whereby more flexibility in timing of adult emergence might be useful for task allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wedd
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University , Canberra , Australia
| | - Regan Ashby
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Sylvain Foret
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University , Canberra , Australia
| | - Ryszard Maleszka
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University , Canberra , Australia
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27
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LeBoeuf AC, Waridel P, Brent CS, Gonçalves AN, Menin L, Ortiz D, Riba-Grognuz O, Koto A, Soares ZG, Privman E, Miska EA, Benton R, Keller L. Oral transfer of chemical cues, growth proteins and hormones in social insects. eLife 2016; 5:e20375. [PMID: 27894417 PMCID: PMC5153251 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Social insects frequently engage in oral fluid exchange - trophallaxis - between adults, and between adults and larvae. Although trophallaxis is widely considered a food-sharing mechanism, we hypothesized that endogenous components of this fluid might underlie a novel means of chemical communication between colony members. Through protein and small-molecule mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing, we found that trophallactic fluid in the ant Camponotus floridanus contains a set of specific digestion- and non-digestion related proteins, as well as hydrocarbons, microRNAs, and a key developmental regulator, juvenile hormone. When C. floridanus workers' food was supplemented with this hormone, the larvae they reared via trophallaxis were twice as likely to complete metamorphosis and became larger workers. Comparison of trophallactic fluid proteins across social insect species revealed that many are regulators of growth, development and behavioral maturation. These results suggest that trophallaxis plays previously unsuspected roles in communication and enables communal control of colony phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria C LeBoeuf
- Center for Integrative GenomicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Patrice Waridel
- Protein Analysis FacilityUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Colin S Brent
- Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARSMaricopaUnited States
| | - Andre N Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBrazil
- Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Laure Menin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Daniel Ortiz
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Oksana Riba-Grognuz
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Akiko Koto
- The Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Zamira G Soares
- Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBrazil
- Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Eyal Privman
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Institute of EvolutionUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Eric A Miska
- Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger InstituteWellcome Trust Genome CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard Benton
- Center for Integrative GenomicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Laurent Keller
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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28
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Xin XX, Chen Y, Chen D, Xiao F, Parnell LD, Zhao J, Liu L, Ordovas JM, Lai CQ, Shen LR. Supplementation with Major Royal-Jelly Proteins Increases Lifespan, Feeding, and Fecundity in Drosophila. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:5803-5812. [PMID: 27388939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The major royal-jelly proteins (MRJPs) are the main constituents responsible for the specific physiological role of royal jelly (RJ) in honeybees. Male and female Drosophila flies were fed diets containing either no MRJPs (A) or casein (B) at 1.25% (w/w) of diet or MRJPs at 1.25% (C), 2.50% (D), or 5.00% (E). Diets B, C, D, and E increased mean lifespan by 4.3%, 9.0%, 12.4%, and 13.9% in males and by 5.8%, 9.7%, 20.0%, and 11.8% in females in comparison to results from diet A, respectively. The diet supplemented with 2.50% MRJPs seems to have the optimal dose to improve both physiological and biochemical measures related to aging in both sexes. Interestingly, lifespan extension by MRJPs in Drosophila was positively associated with feeding and fecundity and up-regulation of copper and zinc-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and the Egfr-mediated signaling pathway. This study provides strong evidence that MRJPs are important components of RJ for prolonging lifespan in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xuan Xin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fa Xiao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Laurence D Parnell
- USDA ARS Nutritional Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Statistics, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Statistics, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- USDA ARS Nutritional Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Chao-Qiang Lai
- USDA ARS Nutritional Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University , Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Li-Rong Shen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310058, China
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29
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Nardi JB, Bee CM, Miller LA, Imai BS, Yau PM. Segmental pairs of giant insect cells discharge presumptive immune proteins at each larval molt. Dev Biol 2016; 413:199-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Feng M, Fang Y, Han B, Xu X, Fan P, Hao Y, Qi Y, Hu H, Huo X, Meng L, Wu B, Li J. In-Depth N-Glycosylation Reveals Species-Specific Modifications and Functions of the Royal Jelly Protein from Western (Apis mellifera) and Eastern Honeybees (Apis cerana). J Proteome Res 2015; 14:5327-40. [PMID: 26496797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ), secreted by honeybee workers, plays diverse roles as nutrients and defense agents for honeybee biology and human health. Despite being reported to be glycoproteins, the glycosylation characterization and functionality of RJ proteins in different honeybee species are largely unknown. An in-depth N-glycoproteome analysis and functional assay of RJ produced by Apis mellifera lingustica (Aml) and Apis cerana cerana (Acc) were conducted. RJ produced by Aml yielded 80 nonredundant N-glycoproteins carrying 190 glycosites, of which 23 novel proteins harboring 35 glycosites were identified. For Acc, all 43 proteins glycosylated at 138 glycosites were reported for the first time. Proteins with distinct N-glycoproteomic characteristics in terms of glycoprotein species, number of N-glycosylated sites, glycosylation motif, abundance level of glycoproteins, and N-glycosites were observed in this two RJ samples. The fact that the low inhibitory efficiency of N-glycosylated major royal jelly protein 2 (MRJP2) against Paenibacillus larvae (P. larvae) and the absence of antibacterial related glycosylated apidaecin, hymenoptaecin, and peritrophic matrix in the Aml RJ compared to Acc reveal the mechanism for why the Aml larvae are susceptible to P. larvae, the causative agent of a fatal brood disease (American foulbrood, AFB). The observed antihypertension activity of N-glycosylated MRJP1 in two RJ samples and a stronger activity found in Acc than in Aml reveal that specific RJ protein and modification are potentially useful for the treatment of hypertensive disease for humans. Our data gain novel understanding that the western and eastern bees have evolved species-specific strategies of glycosylation to fine-tune protein activity for optimizing molecular function as nutrients and immune agents for the good of honeybee and influence on the health promoting activity for human as well. This serves as a valuable resource for the targeted probing of the biological functions of RJ proteins for honeybee and medical communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Feng
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Pei Fan
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China.,College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yue Hao
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yuping Qi
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xinmei Huo
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
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31
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Vojvodic S, Johnson BR, Harpur BA, Kent CF, Zayed A, Anderson KE, Linksvayer TA. The transcriptomic and evolutionary signature of social interactions regulating honey bee caste development. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:4795-807. [PMID: 26640660 PMCID: PMC4662310 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The caste fate of developing female honey bee larvae is strictly socially regulated by adult nurse workers. As a result of this social regulation, nurse-expressed genes as well as larval-expressed genes may affect caste expression and evolution. We used a novel transcriptomic approach to identify genes with putative direct and indirect effects on honey bee caste development, and we subsequently studied the relative rates of molecular evolution at these caste-associated genes. We experimentally induced the production of new queens by removing the current colony queen, and we used RNA sequencing to study the gene expression profiles of both developing larvae and their caregiving nurses before and after queen removal. By comparing the gene expression profiles of queen-destined versus worker-destined larvae as well as nurses observed feeding these two types of larvae, we identified larval and nurse genes associated with caste development. Of 950 differentially expressed genes associated with caste, 82% were expressed in larvae with putative direct effects on larval caste, and 18% were expressed in nurses with putative indirect effects on caste. Estimated selection coefficients suggest that both nurse and larval genes putatively associated with caste are rapidly evolving, especially those genes associated with worker development. Altogether, our results suggest that indirect effect genes play important roles in both the expression and evolution of socially influenced traits such as caste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svjetlana Vojvodic
- Center for Insect Science University of Arizona Tucson Arizona ; Department of Biological Sciences Rowan University Glassboro New Jersey
| | - Brian R Johnson
- Department of Entomology University of California Davis California
| | - Brock A Harpur
- Department of Biology York University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Clement F Kent
- Department of Biology York University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Amro Zayed
- Department of Biology York University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Kirk E Anderson
- Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA Tucson Arizona ; Department of Entomology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona
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32
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Qi Y, Fan P, Hao Y, Han B, Fang Y, Feng M, Cui Z, Li J. Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Protein Phosphorylation Networks in the Hypopharyngeal Gland of Honeybee Workers (Apis mellifera ligustica). J Proteome Res 2015; 14:4647-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Qi
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Pei Fan
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- College
of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yue Hao
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Mao Feng
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ziyou Cui
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- Department
of Pediatrics, Medical School, and Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities 4-240 CCRB, 2231 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute
of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
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33
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Brudzynski K, Sjaarda C, Lannigan R. MRJP1-containing glycoproteins isolated from honey, a novel antibacterial drug candidate with broad spectrum activity against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates. Front Microbiol 2015. [PMID: 26217333 PMCID: PMC4499756 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of extended- spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is the underlying cause of growing antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacteria to β-lactam antibiotics. We recently reported the discovery of honey glycoproteins (glps) that exhibited a rapid, concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli that resembled action of cell wall-active β-lactam drugs. Glps showed sequence identity with the Major Royal Jelly Protein 1 (MRJP1) precursor that harbors three antimicrobial peptides: Jelleins 1, 2, and 4. Here, we used semi-quantitative radial diffusion assay and broth microdilution assay to evaluate susceptibility of a number of multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates to the MRJP1-contaning honey glycoproteins. The MDR bacterial strains comprised three methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), four Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two Klebsiella pneumoniae, two vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), and five ESBL identified as one Proteus mirabilis, three E. coli, and one E. coli NDM. Their resistance to different classes of antibiotics was confirmed using automated system Vitek 2. MDR isolates differed in their susceptibility to glps with MIC90 values ranging from 4.8 μg/ml against B. subtilis to 14.4 μg/ml against ESBL K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella spp. ESBL and E. coli and up to 33 μg/ml against highly resistant strains of P. aeruginosa. Glps isolated from different honeys showed a similar ability to overcome bacterial resistance to β-lactams suggesting that (a) their mode of action is distinct from other classes of β-lactams and that (b) the common glps structure was the lead structure responsible for the activity. The results of the current study together with our previous evidence of a rapid bactericidal activity of glps demonstrate that glps possess suitable characteristics to be considered a novel antibacterial drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Brudzynski
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development Department St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Calvin Sjaarda
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development Department St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Lannigan
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University and London Health Sciences Centre London, ON, Canada
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34
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Han B, Fang Y, Feng M, Lu X, Huo X, Meng L, Wu B, Li J. In-depth phosphoproteomic analysis of royal jelly derived from western and eastern honeybee species. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:5928-43. [PMID: 25265229 DOI: 10.1021/pr500843j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The proteins in royal jelly (RJ) play a pivotal role in the nutrition, immune defense, and cast determination of honeybee larvae and have a wide range of pharmacological and health-promoting functions for humans as well. Although the importance of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in protein function is known, investigation of protein phosphorylation of RJ proteins is still very limited. To this end, two complementary phosphopeptide enrichment materials (Ti(4+)-IMAC and TiO2) and high-sensitivity mass spectrometry were applied to establish a detailed phosphoproteome map and to qualitatively and quantitatively compare the phosphoproteomes of RJ produced by Apis mellifera ligustica (Aml) and Apis cerana cerana (Acc). In total, 16 phosphoproteins carrying 67 phosphorylation sites were identified in RJ derived from western bees, and nine proteins phosphorylated on 71 sites were found in RJ produced by eastern honeybees. Of which, eight phosphorylated proteins were common to both RJ samples, and the same motif ([S-x-E]) was extracted, suggesting that the function of major RJ proteins as nutrients and immune agents is evolutionary preserved in both of these honeybee species. All eight overlapping phosphoproteins showed significantly higher abundance in Acc-RJ than in Aml-RJ, and the phosphorylation of Jelleine-II (an antimicrobial peptide, TPFKLSLHL) at S(6) in Acc-RJ had stronger antimicrobial properties than that at T(1) in Aml-RJ even though the overall antimicrobial activity of Jelleine-II was found to decrease after phosphorylation. The differences in phosphosites, peptide abundance, and antimicrobial activity of the phosphorylated RJ proteins indicate that the two major honeybee species employ distinct phosphorylation strategies that align with their different biological characteristics shaped by evolution. The phosphorylation of RJ proteins are potentially driven by the activity of extracellular serine/threonine protein kinase FAM20C-like protein (FAM20C-like) through the [S-x-E] motif, which is supported by evidence that mRNA and protein expression of FAM20C-like protein kinase are both found in the highest level in the hypopharyngeal gland of nurse bees. Our data represent the first comprehensive RJ phosphorylation atlas, recording patterns of phosphorylated RJ protein abundance and antibacterial activity of some RJ proteins in two major managed honeybee species. These data constitute a firm basis for future research to better understand the biological roles of each RJ protein for honeybee biology and human health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science , Beijing 100093, China
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