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Takeishi A, Shaban AK, Kakihana T, Takihara H, Okuda S, Osada H, Suameitria Dewi DNS, Ozeki Y, Yoshida Y, Nishiyama A, Tateishi Y, Aizu Y, Chuma Y, Onishi K, Hayashi D, Yamamoto S, Mukai T, Ato M, Thai DH, Nhi HTT, Shirai T, Shibata S, Obata F, Fujii J, Yamayoshi S, Kiso M, Matsumoto S. Genetic engineering employing MPB70 and its promoter enables efficient secretion and expression of foreign antigen in bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) Tokyo. Microbiol Immunol 2024; 68:130-147. [PMID: 38294180 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Vaccination is an important factor in public health. The recombinant bacillus Calmette Guérin (rBCG) vaccine, which expresses foreign antigens, is expected to be a superior vaccine against infectious diseases. Here, we report a new recombination platform in which the BCG Tokyo strain is transformed with nucleotide sequences encoding foreign protein fused with the MPB70 immunogenic protein precursor. By RNA-sequencing, mpb70 was found to be the most transcribed among all known genes of BCG Tokyo. Small oligopeptide, namely, polyhistidine tag, was able to be expressed in and secreted from rBCG through a process in which polyhistidine tag fused with intact MPB70 were transcribed by an mpb70 promoter. This methodology was applied to develop an rBCG expressing the receptor binding domain (RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Immunoblotting images and mass spectrometry data showed that RBD was also secreted from rBCG. Sera from mice vaccinated with the rBCG showed a tendency of weak neutralizing capacity. The secretion was retained even after a freeze-drying process. The freeze-dried rBCG was administered to and recovered from mice. Recovered rBCG kept secreting RBD. Collectively, our recombination platform offers stable secretion of foreign antigens and can be applied to the development of practical rBCGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuki Takeishi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Amina K Shaban
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Taichi Kakihana
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hayato Takihara
- Medical AI Center, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Medical AI Center, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Osada
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- NIPPON ZENYAKU KOGYO CO., LTD, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitria Dewi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Microbiology, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yuriko Ozeki
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihito Nishiyama
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tateishi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuki Aizu
- Division of Research and Development, Japan BCG Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Chuma
- Division of Research and Development, Japan BCG Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Onishi
- Division of Research and Development, Japan BCG Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hayashi
- Division of Research and Development, Japan BCG Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saburo Yamamoto
- Division of Research and Development, Japan BCG Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsu Mukai
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Ato
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Duong Huu Thai
- Institute of Vaccines and Medical Biologicals, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Thi Thao Nhi
- Department of BCG production, Institute of Vaccines and Medical Biologicals, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - Tsuyoshi Shirai
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Shiga, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shibata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Fumiko Obata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Jun Fujii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sohkichi Matsumoto
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Division of Research Aids, Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research & Development, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Schwarz MGA, Correa PR, Almeida PSL, Mendonça-Lima L. Mycobacterium bovis BCG dodecin gene codes a functional protein despite of a start codon mutation. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2023; 143:102400. [PMID: 37672955 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Dodecin is a dodecamer involved in flavin homeostasis, with interesting temperature and osmolarity endurance features in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene's start codon in BCG, converting ATG to ACG, is predicted to generate a N-terminal shorter isoform, lacking the first 7 amino acids. We previously reported that the shortened recombinant protein has reduced extremophilic features. Here we investigate if within the mycobacterial context dodecin can be produced from both alleles, carrying ATG and ACG start codons. Reporter gene assays using mcherry cloned downstream and in phase to both M.tb and BCG "upstream" regions confirms production of functional proteins. Complementation with both dod alleles similarly enhances M. smegmatis growth after entry into logarithmic phase and exposure to hydrogen peroxide, possibly implicating this protein in oxidative stress response mechanisms. Altogether these data indicate that BCG dodecin is indeed produced, notwithstanding in lower levels compared to M.tb, conferring similar phenotypes, even with the SNP altering the M.tb ATG start codon to the BCG ACG. This protein might be an interesting drug target for the development of new therapeutics against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paloma Rezende Correa
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Paula Silva Lacerda Almeida
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Corrêa PR, Schwarz MGA, Maia RM, Vergara FMF, Moraes MO, Mendonça-Lima L. Differences in responses to the intracellular macrophage environment between Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine strains Moreau and Pasteur. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2023; 118:e230070. [PMID: 37851722 PMCID: PMC10581373 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760230070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine comprises a family of strains with variable protective efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy, partly due to genetic differences between strains. OBJECTIVES Previous data highlighting differences between the genomes and proteomic profiles of BCG strains Moreau and Pasteur led us to evaluate their behaviour in the macrophage microenvironment, capable of stimulating molecular responses that can impact the protective effect of the vaccine. METHODS Strain infectivity, viability, co-localisation with acidified vesicles, macrophage secretion of IL-1 and MCP-1 and lipid droplet biogenesis were evaluated after infection. FINDINGS We found that BCG Moreau is internalised more efficiently, with significantly better intracellular survival up to 96 h p.i., whereas more BCG Pasteur bacilli were found co-localised in acidified vesicles up to 6 h p.i. IL-1β and MCP-1 secretion and lipid droplet biogenesis by infected macrophages were more prominent in response to BCG Pasteur. MAIN CONCLUSION Overall, our results show that, compared to Pasteur, BCG Moreau has increased fitness and better endurance in the harsh intracellular environment, also regulating anti-microbial responses (lower IL-1b and MCP-1). These findings contribute to the understanding of the physiology of BCG Moreau and Pasteur in response to the intraphagosomal environment in a THP-1 macrophage model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Rezende Corrêa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marcos Gustavo Araujo Schwarz
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Renata Monteiro Maia
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Insetos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fátima Maria Figueroa Vergara
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Farmanguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Milton Ozório Moraes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Hanseníase, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Pagani TD, Corrêa PR, Lima C, Gomes LHF, Schwarz MGA, Galvão TC, Degrave WM, Valadares NF, Mendonça-Lima L. Impact of Genomic Deletion RD16 on the Expression of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau VapBC47 Toxin-Antitoxin System. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6538-6549. [PMID: 37623231 PMCID: PMC10453824 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis BCG is the only vaccine against tuberculosis. The variable forms of cultivation throughout the years, before seed-lots were developed, allowed in vitro evolution of the original strain, generating a family of vaccines with different phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Molecular studies revealed regions of difference (RDs) in the genomes of the various BCG strains. This work aims to characterize the gene pair rv3407-rv3408 (vapB47-vapC47), coding for a toxin-antitoxin system of the VapBC family, and to evaluate possible transcriptional effects due to the adjacent BCG Moreau-specific genomic deletion RD16. We show that these genes are co-transcribed in BCG strains Moreau and Pasteur, and that the inactivation of an upstream transcriptional repressor (Rv3405c) due to RD16 has a polar effect, leading to increased vapBC47 expression. Furthermore, we detect VapB47 DNA binding in vitro, dependent on a 5' vapB47 sequence that contributes to a palindrome, spanning the promoter and coding region. Our data shed light on the regulation of VapBC systems and on the impact of the BCG Moreau RD16 deletion in the expression of adjacent genes, contributing to a better understanding of BCG Moreau physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Duarte Pagani
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil; (T.D.P.); (P.R.C.); (C.L.); (L.H.F.G.); (M.G.A.S.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Paloma Rezende Corrêa
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil; (T.D.P.); (P.R.C.); (C.L.); (L.H.F.G.); (M.G.A.S.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Cristiane Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil; (T.D.P.); (P.R.C.); (C.L.); (L.H.F.G.); (M.G.A.S.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Leonardo Henrique Ferreira Gomes
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil; (T.D.P.); (P.R.C.); (C.L.); (L.H.F.G.); (M.G.A.S.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Marcos Gustavo Araujo Schwarz
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil; (T.D.P.); (P.R.C.); (C.L.); (L.H.F.G.); (M.G.A.S.); (W.M.D.)
| | - Teca Calcagno Galvão
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Centro de Referência Prof. Hélio Fraga, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Wim Maurits Degrave
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil; (T.D.P.); (P.R.C.); (C.L.); (L.H.F.G.); (M.G.A.S.); (W.M.D.)
| | | | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil; (T.D.P.); (P.R.C.); (C.L.); (L.H.F.G.); (M.G.A.S.); (W.M.D.)
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Schwarz MGA, Luzes BGC, Correa PR, da Silva-Gonçalves AJ, Machado LDA, Guimarães ACR, Mendonça-Lima L. M. bovis BCG Moreau N-Terminal Loss Leads to a Less Stable Dodecin With Lower Flavin Binding Capacity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:658888. [PMID: 33869088 PMCID: PMC8044443 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.658888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis still remains a concerning health problem worldwide. Its etiologic agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, continues to be the focus of research to unravel new prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against this disease. The only vaccine in use against tuberculosis is based on the in vitro attenuated strain, M. bovis BCG. Dodecin is a dodecameric complex important for flavin homeostasis in Archea and Eubacteria, and the M. tuberculosis protein is described as thermo- and halostable. M. bovis BCG Moreau, the Brazilian vaccine strain, has a single nucleotide polymorphism in the dodecin start codon, leading to a predicted loss of seven amino acids at the protein N-terminal end. In this work we aimed to characterize the effect of this mutation in the BCG Moreau protein features. Our recombinant protein assays show that the predicted BCG homolog is less thermostable than M.tb’s but maintains its dodecamerization ability, although with a lower riboflavin-binding capacity. These data are corroborated by structural analysis after comparative modeling, showing that the predicted BCG dodecin complex has a lower interaction energy among its monomers and also a distinct electrostatic surface near the flavin binding pocket. However, western blotting assays with the native proteins were unable to detect significant differences between the BCG Moreau and M.tb orthologs, indicating that other factors may be modulating protein structure/function in the bacterial context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paloma Rezende Correa
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas de Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Gani Z, Boradia VM, Kumar A, Patidar A, Talukdar S, Choudhary E, Singh R, Agarwal N, Raje M, Iyengar Raje C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase plays a dual role-As an adhesin and as a receptor for plasmin(ogen). Cell Microbiol 2021; 23:e13311. [PMID: 33486886 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The spread of infection is directly determined by the ability of a pathogen to invade and infect host tissues. The process involves adherence due to host-pathogen interactions and traversal into deeper tissues. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) primarily infects the lung but is unique in its ability to infect almost any other organ of the human host including immune privileged sites such as the central nervous system (CNS). The extreme invasiveness of this bacterium is not fully understood. In the current study, we report that cell surface Mtb glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) functions as a virulence factor by multiple mechanisms. Firstly, it serves as a dual receptor for both plasminogen (Plg) and plasmin (Plm). CRISPRi-mediated silencing of this essential enzyme confirmed its role in the recruitment of Plg/Plm. Our studies further demonstrate that soluble GAPDH can re-associate on Mtb bacilli to promote plasmin(ogen) recruitment. The direct association of plasmin(ogen) via cell surface GAPDH or by the re-association of soluble GAPDH enhanced bacterial adherence to and traversal across lung epithelial cells. Furthermore, the association of GAPDH with host extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins coupled with its ability to recruit plasmin(ogen) may endow cells with the ability of directed proteolytic activity vital for tissue invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Gani
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
| | - Vishant Mahendra Boradia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India.,Seattle Children's Research Institute, Global Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ajay Kumar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
| | - Anil Patidar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sharmila Talukdar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Eira Choudhary
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India.,Symbiosis School of Biomedical Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ranvir Singh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
| | - Nisheeth Agarwal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Manoj Raje
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Chaaya Iyengar Raje
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, India
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Schwarz MGA, Antunes D, Corrêa PR, da Silva-Gonçalves AJ, Malaga W, Caffarena ER, Guilhot C, Mendonça-Lima L. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG Moreau Fumarate Reductase Operons Produce Different Polypeptides That May Be Related to Non-canonical Functions. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:624121. [PMID: 33510737 PMCID: PMC7835394 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.624121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a world widespread disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Although considered an obligate aerobe, this organism can resist life-limiting conditions such as microaerophily mainly due to its set of enzymes responsible for energy production and coenzyme restoration under these conditions. One of these enzymes is fumarate reductase, an heterotetrameric complex composed of a catalytic (FrdA), an iron-sulfur cluster (FrdB) and two transmembrane (FrdC and FrdD) subunits involved in anaerobic respiration and important for the maintenance of membrane potential. In this work, aiming to further characterize this enzyme function in mycobacteria, we analyzed the expression of FrdB-containing proteins in M.tb and Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Moreau, the Brazilian vaccine strain against tuberculosis. We identified three isoforms in both mycobacteria, two of them corresponding to the predicted encoded polypeptides of M.tb (27 kDa) and BCG Moreau (40 kDa) frd sequences, as due to an insertion on the latter’s operon a fused FrdBC protein is expected. The third 52 kDa band can be explained by a transcriptional slippage event, typically occurring when mutation arises in a repetitive region within a coding sequence, thought to reduce its impact allowing the production of both native and variant forms. Comparative modeling of the M.tb and BCG Moreau predicted protein complexes allowed the detection of subtle overall differences, showing a high degree of structure and maybe functional resemblance among them. Axenic growth and macrophage infection assays show that the frd locus is important for proper bacterial development in both scenarios, and that both M.tb’s and BCG Moreau’s alleles can partially revert the hampered phenotype of the knockout strain. Altogether, our results show that the frdABCD operon of Mycobacteria may have evolved to possess other yet non-described functions, such as those necessary during aerobic logarithmic growth and early stage steps of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah Antunes
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paloma Rezende Corrêa
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Wladimir Malaga
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ernesto Raul Caffarena
- Grupo de Biofísica Computacional e Modelagem Molecular, Programa de Computação Científica, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christophe Guilhot
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Côrtes LMDC, de Pita-Pereira D, Farani PSG, Pereira BAS, Dias-Lopes G, da Silva FS, Corrêa PR, Silva RMM, Côrte-Real S, Bello FJ, Mendonça-Lima L, Moreira ODC, Waghabi MC, Alves CR. Insights into the proteomic profile and gene expression of Lutzomyia longipalpis-derived Lulo cell line. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115:e200113. [PMID: 33111757 PMCID: PMC7586444 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lutzomyia longipalpis-derived cell line (Lulo) has been suggested as a model for studies of interaction between sandflies and Leishmania. OBJECTIVES Here, we present data of proteomic and gene expression analyses of Lulo cell related to interactions with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. METHODS Lulo cell protein extracts were analysed through a combination of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry and resulting spots were further investigated in silico to identify proteins using Mascot search and, afterwards, resulting sequences were applied for analysis with VectorBase. RESULTS Sixty-four spots were identified showing similarities to other proteins registered in the databases and could be classified according to their biological function, such as ion-binding proteins (23%), proteases (14%), cytoskeletal proteins (11%) and interactive membrane proteins (9.5%). Effects of interaction with L. (V.) braziliensis with the expression of three genes (enolase, tubulin and vacuolar transport protein) were observed after an eight-hour timeframe and compared to culture without parasites, and demonstrated the impact of parasite interaction with the expression of the following genes: LLOJ000219 (1.69-fold), LLOJ000326 (1.43-fold) and LLOJ006663 (2.41-fold). CONCLUSIONS This set of results adds relevant information regarding the usefulness of the Lulo cell line for studies with Leishmania parasites that indicate variations of protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Monteiro de Castro Côrtes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Daniela de Pita-Pereira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Priscila Silva Grijó Farani
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Bernardo Acácio Santini Pereira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Geovane Dias-Lopes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Franklin Souza da Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Paloma Resende Corrêa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Roger Magno Macedo Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Plataforma de Microscopia Eletrônica Rudolf Barth, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Suzana Côrte-Real
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Felio Jesus Bello
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Otacilio da Cruz Moreira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Mariana Caldas Waghabi
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Carlos Roberto Alves
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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9
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Forrest S, Welch M. Arming the troops: Post-translational modification of extracellular bacterial proteins. Sci Prog 2020; 103:36850420964317. [PMID: 33148128 PMCID: PMC10450907 DOI: 10.1177/0036850420964317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein secretion is almost universally employed by bacteria. Some proteins are retained on the cell surface, whereas others are released into the extracellular milieu, often playing a key role in virulence. In this review, we discuss the diverse types and potential functions of post-translational modifications (PTMs) occurring to extracellular bacterial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Forrest
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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10
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Mtimet G, Stayoussef M, Yacoubi-Loueslati B. Prediction of the Most Probable B Cell Epitopes from (DnaK) Adhesin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Using Immunoinformatic tools. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Pagani TD, Guimarães ACR, Waghabi MC, Corrêa PR, Kalume DE, Berrêdo-Pinho M, Degrave WM, Mendonça-Lima L. Exploring the Potential Role of Moonlighting Function of the Surface-Associated Proteins From Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau and Pasteur by Comparative Proteomic. Front Immunol 2019; 10:716. [PMID: 31080447 PMCID: PMC6497762 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-associated proteins from Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau RDJ are important components of the live Brazilian vaccine against tuberculosis. They are important targets during initial BCG vaccine stimulation and modulation of the host's immune response, especially in the bacterial-host interaction. These proteins might also be involved in cellular communication, chemical response to the environment, pathogenesis processes through mobility, colonization, and adherence to the host cell, therefore performing multiple functions. In this study, the proteomic profile of the surface-associated proteins from M. bovis BCG Moreau was compared to the BCG Pasteur reference strain. The methodology used was 2DE gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry techniques (MALDI-TOF/TOF), leading to the identification of 115 proteins. Of these, 24 proteins showed differential expression between the two BCG strains. Furthermore, 27 proteins previously described as displaying moonlighting function were identified, 8 of these proteins showed variation in abundance comparing BCG Moreau to Pasteur and 2 of them presented two different domain hits. Moonlighting proteins are multifunctional proteins in which two or more biological functions are fulfilled by a single polypeptide chain. Therefore, the identification of such proteins with moonlighting predicted functions can contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms unleashed by live BCG Moreau RDJ vaccine components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Duarte Pagani
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina R Guimarães
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Waghabi
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paloma Rezende Corrêa
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dário Eluan Kalume
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Unidade de Espectrometria de Massas e Proteômica, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Berrêdo-Pinho
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wim Maurits Degrave
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Kasempimolporn S, Premchaiporn P, Thaveekarn W, Boonchang S, Sitprija V. Comparative Proteomic Profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the Thai Vaccine Strain Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin Tokyo172: Diverse Biomarker Candidates for Species Differentiation. J Glob Infect Dis 2018; 10:196-200. [PMID: 30581260 PMCID: PMC6276322 DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_149_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG)-related complications can occur in vaccinated children. Comparison of the composition of cellular proteins of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37Rv with of attenuated Mycobacterium bovis BCG Tokyo172 vaccine strain used in Thailand and identify protein candidates of value for differentiation between the two mycobacterial species may facilitate the diagnosis of etiologic agent of mycobacterial disease in vaccinated children, as most cases have been believed to have originated from BCG vaccine. Materials and Methods: The two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) proteomic profiles of cellular proteins from the Thai vaccine strain M. bovis BCG Tokyo172 and MTB were compared and the matched spots in 2DE gels were submitted to mass spectrometry analysis. Results: There were a number of similar protein contents with different intensity or position between MTB and M. bovis BCG Tokyo172. A higher expression of some immunogenic proteins was shown in BGG Tokyo172 when compared to MTB, while some were shown the opposite pattern. Conclusions: Proteomic approach reveals key proteins participating in different species of Mycobacteria, and may be useful for discrimination between MTB and the BCG Tokyo172 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsri Kasempimolporn
- Department of Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornpimol Premchaiporn
- Department of Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wichit Thaveekarn
- Department of Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supatsorn Boonchang
- Department of Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Visith Sitprija
- Department of Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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13
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Módolo DG, Horn CS, Soares JSM, Yunes JA, Lima LM, de Sousa SM, Menossi M. Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum seeds expressing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Alanine- and Proline-rich antigen. AMB Express 2018; 8:178. [PMID: 30382415 PMCID: PMC6209126 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein APA (Alanine- and Proline-rich Antigen, a 45/47 kDa antigen complex, Rv1860) is considered as a major immunodominant antigen secreted by M. tuberculosis. This antigen has proved to be highly immunogenic in experimental models and humans, presenting a significant potential for further development of a new vaccine for tuberculosis. Glycosylation plays a key role in the immunogenicity of the APA protein. Because plants are known to promote post-translational modification such as glycosylation and to be one of the most economic and safe hosts for recombinant protein expression, we have over expressed the APA protein in transgenic tobacco plants aiming to produce a glycosylated version of the protein. Seeds are known to be a well-suited organ to accumulate recombinant proteins, due to low protease activity and higher protein stability. We used a seed-specific promoter from sorghum, a signal peptide to target the protein to the endoplasmic reticulum and ultimately in the protein storage vacuoles. We show that the recombinant protein accumulated in the seeds had similar isoelectric point and molecular weight compared with the native protein. These findings demonstrate the ability of tobacco plants to produce glycosylated APA protein, opening the way for the development of secure, effective and versatile vaccines or therapeutic proteins against tuberculosis.
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14
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Campanerut-Sá PAZ, Ghiraldi-Lopes LD, Meneguello JE, Teixeira JJV, Scodro RBDL, Siqueira VLD, Svidzinski TIE, Pavan FR, Cardoso RF. Systematic review on the proteomic profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
exposed to drugs. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jean Eduardo Meneguello
- Department of Clinical Analyses and Biomedicine; State University of Maringá; Maringá Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- Department of Biological Sciences; State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara; São Paulo Brazil
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15
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Campanerut-Sá PAZ, Ghiraldi-Lopes LD, Meneguello JE, Fiorini A, Evaristo GPC, Siqueira VLD, Scodro RBL, Patussi EV, Donatti L, Souza EM, Cardoso RF. Proteomic and morphological changes produced by subinhibitory concentration of isoniazid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:1123-32. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study the proteomic and morphological changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv exposed to subinhibitory concentration of isoniazid (INH). Materials & methods: The bacillus was exposed to ½ MIC of INH at 12, 24 and 48 h. The samples’ cells were submitted to scanning electron microscopy. The proteins were separated by 2D gel electrophoresis and identified by MS. Results: INH exposure was able to alter the format, the multiplication and causing a cell swelling in the bacillus. The major altered proteins were related to the virulence, detoxification, adaptation, intermediary metabolism and lipid metabolism. Conclusion: The protein and morphological changes in M. tuberculosis induced by ½ MIC INH were related to defense mechanism of the bacillus or the action of INH therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula AZ Campanerut-Sá
- Department of Clinical Analyses & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luciana D Ghiraldi-Lopes
- Department of Clinical Analyses & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jean E Meneguello
- Department of Clinical Analyses & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fiorini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Parana – Sector Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, 85950-000, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geisa PC Evaristo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Parana, Rua XV de Novembro, 1299, 80060-000, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vera LD Siqueira
- Department of Clinical Analyses & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane BL Scodro
- Department of Clinical Analyses & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eliana V Patussi
- Department of Clinical Analyses & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Donatti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Parana, Rua XV de Novembro, 1299, 80060-000, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Emanuel M Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Parana, Rua XV de Novembro, 1299, 80060-000, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosilene F Cardoso
- Department of Clinical Analyses & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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16
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Kirsebom LA, Dasgupta S, Fredrik Pettersson BM. Pleiomorphism in Mycobacterium. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2016; 80:81-112. [PMID: 22794145 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394381-1.00004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Morphological variants in mycobacterial cultures under different growth conditions, including aging of the culture, have been shown to include fibrous aggregates, biofilms, coccoids, and spores. Here we discuss the diversity in shape and size changes demonstrated by bacterial cells with special reference to pleiomorphism observed in Mycobacterium spp. in response to nutritional and other environmental stresses. Inherent asymmetry in cell division and compartmentalization of cell interior under different growth conditions might contribute toward the observed pleiomorphism in mycobacteria. The regulatory genes comprising the bacterial signaling pathway responsible for initiating morphogenesis are speculated upon from bioinformatic identifications of genes for known sensors, kinases, and phosphatases existing in mycobacterial genomes as well as on the basis of what is known in other bacteria.
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17
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Galassie AC, Link AJ. Proteomic contributions to our understanding of vaccine and immune responses. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:972-89. [PMID: 26172619 PMCID: PMC4713355 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the greatest public health successes; yet, due to the empirical nature of vaccine design, we have an incomplete understanding of how the genes and proteins induced by vaccines contribute to the development of both protective innate and adaptive immune responses. While the advent of genomics has enabled new vaccine development and facilitated understanding of the immune response, proteomics identifies potentially new vaccine antigens with increasing speed and sensitivity. In addition, as proteomics is complementary to transcriptomic approaches, a combination of both approaches provides a more comprehensive view of the immune response after vaccination via systems vaccinology. This review details the advances that proteomic strategies have made in vaccine development and reviews how proteomics contributes to the development of a more complete understanding of human vaccines and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J. Link
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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18
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Wang JF, Dai FY, Gong XL, Bao L. Commonly administered bacille Calmette-Guerin strains induce comparable immune response. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:15834-15839. [PMID: 26629084 PMCID: PMC4658973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is currently the only available vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), but its protective efficacy in adults is highly variable. This study aimed to compare the immune response induced by two widely used BCG strains: BCG China strain (derivative of BCG Danish strain) in DU2-III group and BCG Pasteur in DU2 -IV group. Healthy BALB/c mice were immunized with BCG China strain or BCG Pasteur strain. Specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies titers, the proliferation of splenocytes, the percentages of splenocyte subsets and the concentrations of induced IFN-γ and IL-4 at 6(th), 8(th), 10(th), and 12(th) weeks after the immunization were detected. We found that BCG Pasteur strain induced higher specific IgG and IgG1 titers, higher proliferation of splenocytes, higher percentages of CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells, and higher concentration of secreted IFN-γ than BCG China strain. However, there were no significant differences in IgG2a titer and IL-4 concentration between both strains. In conclusion, our study shows that immune responses to BCG vaccine differ by strain, which may account for variable outcomes of BCG immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, West China Center of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Fu-Ying Dai
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, West China Center of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Li Gong
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, West China Center of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Lang Bao
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, West China Center of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
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19
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López-Rincón G, Mancilla R, Pereira-Suárez AL, Martínez-Neri PA, Ochoa-Zarzosa A, Muñoz-Valle JF, Estrada-Chávez C. Expression of autocrine prolactin and the short isoform of prolactin receptor are associated with inflammatory response and apoptosis in monocytes stimulated with Mycobacterium bovis proteins. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 98:517-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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da Costa AC, Costa-Júnior ADO, de Oliveira FM, Nogueira SV, Rosa JD, Resende DP, Kipnis A, Junqueira-Kipnis AP. A new recombinant BCG vaccine induces specific Th17 and Th1 effector cells with higher protective efficacy against tuberculosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112848. [PMID: 25398087 PMCID: PMC4232451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that is a major public health problem. The vaccine used for TB prevention is Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), which provides variable efficacy in protecting against pulmonary TB among adults. Consequently, several groups have pursued the development of a new vaccine with a superior protective capacity to that of BCG. Here we constructed a new recombinant BCG (rBCG) vaccine expressing a fusion protein (CMX) composed of immune dominant epitopes from Ag85C, MPT51, and HspX and evaluated its immunogenicity and protection in a murine model of infection. The stability of the vaccine in vivo was maintained for up to 20 days post-vaccination. rBCG-CMX was efficiently phagocytized by peritoneal macrophages and induced nitric oxide (NO) production. Following mouse immunization, this vaccine induced a specific immune response in cells from lungs and spleen to the fusion protein and to each of the component recombinant proteins by themselves. Vaccinated mice presented higher amounts of Th1, Th17, and polyfunctional specific T cells. rBCG-CMX vaccination reduced the extension of lung lesions caused by challenge with Mtb as well as the lung bacterial load. In addition, when this vaccine was used in a prime-boost strategy together with rCMX, the lung bacterial load was lower than the result observed by BCG vaccination. This study describes the creation of a new promising vaccine for TB that we hope will be used in further studies to address its safety before proceeding to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeliane Castro da Costa
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia das Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Abadio de Oliveira Costa-Júnior
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia das Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fábio Muniz de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia Molecular, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Sarah Veloso Nogueira
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia das Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Joseane Damaceno Rosa
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia das Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Danilo Pires Resende
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia das Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - André Kipnis
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia Molecular, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia das Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Boradia VM, Malhotra H, Thakkar JS, Tillu VA, Vuppala B, Patil P, Sheokand N, Sharma P, Chauhan AS, Raje M, Raje CI. Mycobacterium tuberculosis acquires iron by cell-surface sequestration and internalization of human holo-transferrin. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4730. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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22
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An essential nonredundant role for mycobacterial DnaK in native protein folding. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004516. [PMID: 25058675 PMCID: PMC4109909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein chaperones are essential in all domains of life to prevent and resolve protein misfolding during translation and proteotoxic stress. HSP70 family chaperones, including E. coli DnaK, function in stress induced protein refolding and degradation, but are dispensable for cellular viability due to redundant chaperone systems that prevent global nascent peptide insolubility. However, the function of HSP70 chaperones in mycobacteria, a genus that includes multiple human pathogens, has not been examined. We find that mycobacterial DnaK is essential for cell growth and required for native protein folding in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Loss of DnaK is accompanied by proteotoxic collapse characterized by the accumulation of insoluble newly synthesized proteins. DnaK is required for solubility of large multimodular lipid synthases, including the essential lipid synthase FASI, and DnaK loss is accompanied by disruption of membrane structure and increased cell permeability. Trigger Factor is nonessential and has a minor role in native protein folding that is only evident in the absence of DnaK. In unstressed cells, DnaK localizes to multiple, dynamic foci, but relocalizes to focal protein aggregates during stationary phase or upon expression of aggregating peptides. Mycobacterial cells restart cell growth after proteotoxic stress by isolating persistent DnaK containing protein aggregates away from daughter cells. These results reveal unanticipated essential nonredunant roles for mycobacterial DnaK in mycobacteria and indicate that DnaK defines a unique susceptibility point in the mycobacterial proteostasis network. All living organisms use protein chaperones to prevent proteins from becoming insoluble either spontaneously or during cellular stress that can damage proteins. The HSP70 chaperone DnaK has been well characterized in E. coli and is important for that bacterium to resist protein denaturation from heat, but is dispensable for cell growth in the absence of stress due to redundancy with other chaperone systems. However, the function of chaperones in bacterial pathogens, which are exposed to protein stress within the host, has received less attention. Here we examine the function of DnaK in mycobacteria, a genus that includes multiple human pathogens, and find that DnaK is required for cell growth. This essential function is due to a lack of redundancy with other chaperone systems for the folding of proteins, even in the absence of stress. These findings expand the paradigm of DnaK function and identify DnaK as a promising target for antibiotic development for mycobacteria.
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23
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Lee WK, Baek JH, Ryoo SW, Yu YG. SWATH-based Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Korea Strain. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.3.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Galvão TC, Lima CR, Gomes LHF, Pagani TD, Ferreira MA, Gonçalves AS, Correa PR, Degrave WM, Mendonça-Lima L. The BCG Moreau RD16 deletion inactivates a repressor reshaping transcription of an adjacent gene. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2013; 94:26-33. [PMID: 24332305 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Brazilian anti-tuberculosis vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) BCG Moreau is unique in having a deletion of 7608 bp (RD16) that results in the truncation of a putative TetR transcriptional regulator, the ortholog of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rv3405c, BCG_M3439c. We investigated the effect of this truncation on the expression of the rv3406 ortholog (BCG_M3440), lying 81 bp downstream in the opposite orientation. RT-PCR and western blot experiments show that rv3406 mRNA and Rv3406 accumulate in BCG Moreau but not in BCG Pasteur (strain that bears an intact rv3405c), suggesting this to be a result of rv3405c truncation. Recombinant Rv3405c forms a complex with the rv3405c-rv3406 intergenic region, which contains a characteristic transcription factor binding site, showing it to have DNA binding activity. Complementation of M. bovis BCG Moreau with an intact copy of rv3405c abolishes Rv3406 accumulation. These results show that Rv3405c is a DNA binding protein that acts as a transcriptional repressor of rv3406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teca Calcagno Galvão
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Centro de Referência Prof. Hélio Fraga, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fiocruz. Estr. de Curicica 2000, Jacarepaguá, 22780-194 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Henrique Ferreira Gomes
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Talita Duarte Pagani
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Alves Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Antonio S Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fisiologia de Infecções Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Paloma Rezende Correa
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Wim Maurits Degrave
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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25
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Samary CDS, Antunes MA, Silva JD, Silva ALD, Araújo CCD, Bakker-Abreu I, Diaz BL, Fernezlian S, Parra ER, Capelozzi VL, Silva PL, Lapa e Silva JR, Rocco PRM. Impact of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Moreau vaccine on lung remodeling in experimental asthma. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 189:614-23. [PMID: 23928268 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of different administration routes and application times of the BCG-Moreau strain on airway and lung inflammation and remodeling in a murine model of allergic asthma. BALB/c mice (n=168) were divided into two groups. The first group received BCG-Moreau strain while the second group received saline using the same protocol. BCG or saline were intradermally or intranasally injected one or two months before the induction of asthma. Mice were further sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin or received saline. Twenty-four hours after the last challenge, BCG prevented the triggering of pro-inflammatory cytokines, probably by increasing Foxp3 and interleukin (IL)-10, modulating eosinophil infiltration and collagen fiber deposition, thus reducing airway hyperresponsiveness. In conclusion, BCG-Moreau prevented lung remodeling in the present model of allergic asthma, regardless of administration route and time of vaccination. These beneficial effects may be related to the increase in regulatory T cells and to IL-10 production in tandem with decreased Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia dos Santos Samary
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco G, Sala G1-019, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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26
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Kruh-Garcia NA, Murray M, Prucha JG, Dobos KM. Antigen 85 variation across lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-implications for vaccine and biomarker success. J Proteomics 2013; 97:141-50. [PMID: 23891556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mycobacterium tuberculosis secretes several hundred proteins; many of which elicit immune responses. As a result, many of these proteins have been explored for their potential as diagnostic and vaccine candidates. Of these, the Antigen 85 complex proteins, represented by Antigen85 A, B, and C, are the most studied from the mycobacterial secretome. However, vaccine constructs exploiting Antigen 85 as the sole antigen repertoire have not experienced the pre-clinical and clinical trials success originally anticipated. Anecdotal and biochemical evidence suggests that differences in protein abundance may explain this phenomenon. Here, biochemical, molecular, and mass spectrometry approaches were used to quantify Antigen 85 among six M. tuberculosis strains from four phylogenetically distinct clades. Our data demonstrates that the greatest variation in Antigen 85 is ascribed to protein quantities, whereas few transcriptional differences were found. In addition, the ratio of Antigen 85 A, to B, to C is conserved within clades and phylogenetic neighbors. In contrast, no such relationship between individual protein quantities was observed, and in the case of Antigen85 B, this variation even extends within biological replicates of individual isolates. The relevance of Antigen 85 protein quantities and vaccine efficacy remains to be defined. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Absolute quantitation via multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was used to determine the exact molar concentrations of Antigen 85A, B, and C; three key immunodominant proteins present in M. tuberculosis. Further, the concentration of these three proteins was compared among various clades of M. tuberculosis, and demonstrated differences in abundance of two of the three proteins. These proteins have been identified as key antigens in multiple vaccine and diagnostic platforms, thus the potential relevance of their abundance in various M. tuberculosis clades to the successful outcome of these interventions is discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Trends in Microbial Proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Kruh-Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Madeleine Murray
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John G Prucha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Karen M Dobos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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27
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Sun J, Singh V, Lau A, Stokes RW, Obregón-Henao A, Orme IM, Wong D, Av-Gay Y, Hmama Z. Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleoside diphosphate kinase inactivates small GTPases leading to evasion of innate immunity. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003499. [PMID: 23874203 PMCID: PMC3715411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining the mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) persistence in the host macrophage and identifying mycobacterial factors responsible for it are keys to better understand tuberculosis pathogenesis. The emerging picture from ongoing studies of macrophage deactivation by Mtb suggests that ingested bacilli secrete various virulence determinants that alter phagosome biogenesis, leading to arrest of Mtb vacuole interaction with late endosomes and lysosomes. While most studies focused on Mtb interference with various regulators of the endosomal compartment, little attention was paid to mechanisms by which Mtb neutralizes early macrophage responses such as the NADPH oxidase (NOX2) dependent oxidative burst. Here we applied an antisense strategy to knock down Mtb nucleoside diphosphate kinase (Ndk) and obtained a stable mutant (Mtb Ndk-AS) that displayed attenuated intracellular survival along with reduced persistence in the lungs of infected mice. At the molecular level, pull-down experiments showed that Ndk binds to and inactivates the small GTPase Rac1 in the macrophage. This resulted in the exclusion of the Rac1 binding partner p67phox from phagosomes containing Mtb or Ndk-coated latex beads. Exclusion of p67phox was associated with a defect of both NOX2 assembly and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to wild type Mtb. In contrast, Mtb Ndk-AS, which lost the capacity to disrupt Rac1-p67phox interaction, induced a strong ROS production. Given the established link between NOX2 activation and apoptosis, the proportion of Annexin V positive cells and levels of intracellular active caspase 3 were significantly higher in cells infected with Mtb Ndk-AS compared to wild type Mtb. Thus, knock down of Ndk converted Mtb into a pro-apoptotic mutant strain that has a phenotype of increased susceptibility to intracellular killing and reduced virulence in vivo. Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo data revealed that Ndk contributes significantly to Mtb virulence via attenuation of NADPH oxidase-mediated host innate immunity. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a very successful intracellular pathogen that infects lung macrophages. Its resistance to intracellular killing has been linked to the development of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in humans. Thus, understanding the mechanism by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) persists in the host is a prerequisite for development of efficient strategies to control TB disease. We have previously shown that Mtb nucleoside diphosphate kinase (Ndk) contributes to phagosome maturation arrest via inactivation of Rab5 and Rab7. In this study, we show that Ndk also targets and inactivates the small GTPase Rac1, an essential component of the macrophage NADPH oxidase (NOX2) complex. Ndk-dependent inactivation of Rac1 was associated with reduced NOX2-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-dependent apoptosis. Conversely, disruption of Ndk expression converted Mtb into a mutant strain that induces strong ROS and apoptosis responses. This phenotype was associated with reduced survival of Ndk mutant in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that Ndk contributes significantly to mycobacterial virulence.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bacterial Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Bacterial Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Cells/cytology
- Bone Marrow Cells/enzymology
- Bone Marrow Cells/immunology
- Bone Marrow Cells/microbiology
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Macrophages/enzymology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/microbiology
- Macrophages/ultrastructure
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, SCID
- Mutant Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mutant Proteins/genetics
- Mutant Proteins/metabolism
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/enzymology
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/pathogenicity
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology
- NADPH Oxidases/antagonists & inhibitors
- NADPH Oxidases/metabolism
- Neuropeptides/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neuropeptides/genetics
- Neuropeptides/metabolism
- Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase/genetics
- Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase/metabolism
- Oligoribonucleotides, Antisense
- Phagosomes/enzymology
- Phagosomes/ultrastructure
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/enzymology
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiology
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathology
- Virulence
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Sun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vijender Singh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alice Lau
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard W. Stokes
- Life Sciences Centre, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrés Obregón-Henao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Ian M. Orme
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Dennis Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yossef Av-Gay
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zakaria Hmama
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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28
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Lange S, Rosenkrands I, Stein R, Andersen P, Kaufmann SHE, Jungblut PR. Analysis of protein species differentiation among mycobacterial low-Mr-secreted proteins by narrow pH range Immobiline gel 2-DE-MALDI-MS. J Proteomics 2013; 97:235-44. [PMID: 23856608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Secreted proteins of bacteria are preferentially capable of interacting with host cells and are therefore of special biological and medical interest. Narrow pH range 2-DE and MALDI-TOFTOF-MS combine high-resolution protein separation with highly sensitive identification of proteins. Secreted proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were separated at the protein species level, distinguishing different protein species of one protein. We focused on the pI range 4.0-4.7 and the Mr range 6-20kDa of the 2-DE pattern. Out of 128 analyzed spots, 121 were identified resulting in 33 different proteins with 277 different protein species, accumulating in a mean of 8.4 protein species per protein. Overrepresentation was found for the protein classes "virulence, detoxification, adaption", "information pathways", "cell wall and cell processes" and "intermediary metabolism and respiration". Thus far, 15 protein species of the ESX-1 family are characterized with 100% sequence coverage. More automated 2-DE procedures and more sensitive identification techniques are required for complete characterization of all of the protein species even in highly enriched samples, such as culture filtrates. Only then the functional level of proteomics will be achieved and potential biomarkers can be postulated at the molecular level. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Proteomics is dominated by bottom-up approaches largely ignoring protein speciation. A prerequisite to reach the protein species level is to obtain 100% sequence coverage, which is a major challenge in proteomics. Here we show complete sequence information with a 2-DE-MS approach for 15 protein species. Acetylation of the N-terminus of ESAT-6 inhibits interaction with CFP-10, with direct consequences for pathogen-host interaction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Trends in Microbial Proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Lange
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Core Facility Protein Analysis, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ida Rosenkrands
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Andersen
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefan H E Kaufmann
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter R Jungblut
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Core Facility Protein Analysis, Berlin, Germany.
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29
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Zheng J, Ren X, Wei C, Yang J, Hu Y, Liu L, Xu X, Wang J, Jin Q. Analysis of the secretome and identification of novel constituents from culture filtrate of bacillus Calmette-Guerin using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:2081-95. [PMID: 23616670 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.027318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease that causes morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Although its efficacy against TB has displayed a high degree of variability (0%-80%) in different trials, Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been recognized as an important weapon for preventing TB worldwide for over 80 years. Because secreted proteins often play vital roles in the interaction between bacteria and host cells, the secretome of mycobacteria is considered to be an attractive reservoir of potential candidate antigens for the development of novel vaccines and diagnostic reagents. In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis of BCG culture filtrate proteins using SDS-PAGE and high-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry. In total, 239 proteins (1555 unique peptides) were identified, including 185 secreted proteins or lipoproteins. Furthermore, 17 novel protein products not annotated in the BCG database were detected and validated by means of RT-PCR at the transcriptional level. Additionally, the translational start sites of 52 proteins were confirmed, and 22 proteins were validated through extension of the translational start sites based on N-terminus-derived peptides. There are 103 secreted proteins that have not been reported in previous studies on BCG [corrected] secretome and are unique to our study. The physicochemical characteristics of the secreted proteins were determined. Major components from the culture supernatant, including low-molecular-weight antigens, lipoproteins, Pro-Glu and Pro-Pro-Glu family proteins, and Mce family proteins, are discussed; some components represent potential predominant antigens in the humoral and cellular immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zheng
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100176, China
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30
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Cervantes-Villagrana AR, Hernández-Pando R, Biragyn A, Castañeda-Delgado J, Bodogai M, Martínez-Fierro M, Sada E, Trujillo V, Enciso-Moreno A, Rivas-Santiago B. Prime-boost BCG vaccination with DNA vaccines based in β-defensin-2 and mycobacterial antigens ESAT6 or Ag85B improve protection in a tuberculosis experimental model. Vaccine 2012. [PMID: 23196205 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that there are about 8 million new cases annually of active Tuberculosis (TB). Despite its irregular effectiveness (0-89%), the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) BCG is the only vaccine available worldwide for prevention of TB; thus, the design is important of novel and more efficient vaccination strategies. Considering that β-defensin-2 is an antimicrobial peptide that induces dendritic cell maturation through the TLR-4 receptor and that both ESAT-6 and Ag85B are immunodominant mycobacterial antigens and efficient activators of the protective immune response, we constructed two DNA vaccines by the fusion of the gene encoding β-defensin-2 and antigens ESAT6 (pDE) and 85B (pDA). After confirming efficient local antigen expression that induced high and stable Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production in intramuscular (i.m.) vaccinated Balb/c mice, groups of mice were vaccinated with DNA vaccines in a prime-boost regimen with BCG and with BCG alone, and 2 months later were challenged with the mild virulence reference strain H37Rv and the highly virulent clinical isolate LAM 5186. The level of protection was evaluated by survival, lung bacilli burdens, and extension of tissue damage (pneumonia). Vaccination with both DNA vaccines showed similar protection to that of BCG. After the challenge with the highly virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain, animals that were prime-boosted with BCG and then boosted with both DNA vaccines showed significant higher survival and less tissue damage than mice vaccinated only with BCG. These results suggest that improvement of BCG vaccination, such as the prime-boost DNA vaccine, represents a more efficient vaccination scheme against TB.
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31
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Zheng J, Liu L, Wei C, Leng W, Yang J, Li W, Wang J, Jin Q. A comprehensive proteomic analysis of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin using high resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry. J Proteomics 2012; 77:357-71. [PMID: 23000594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since 1921, Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been recognized as an important vaccine to prevent tuberculosis worldwide. Nonetheless, a global analysis of BCG proteome has not been clearly investigated. In this study, we performed an in-depth proteomic analysis of BCG under an in vitro cultivation condition using SDS-PAGE and high resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry. In total, 3434 proteins (35,259 unique peptides) including 512 transmembrane proteins were identified, covering ~87% of the predicted BCG proteome. Seven pseudogene protein products were also obtained and validated by RT-PCR at gene transcript level. Additionally, translational start sites of 832 proteins were confirmed and 186 were extended using N-terminus-derived peptides. The physicochemical characteristics of all identified proteins were determined. Some predominant proteins, including PE and PPE family proteins, lipoproteins, heat shock proteins, transport proteins and low molecular weight protein antigens, are discussed, which represent potential prominent antigens in the humoral and cellular immune response. This study represents the most comprehensive BCG proteome to date, which will likely facilitate the design of vaccination and immunodiagnostic strategies against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zheng
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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32
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Ferrão PM, de Oliveira FL, Degrave WM, Araujo-Jorge TC, Mendonça-Lima L, Waghabi MC. A phosphoproteomic approach towards the understanding of the role of TGF-β in Trypanosoma cruzi biology. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38736. [PMID: 22719930 PMCID: PMC3373645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plays a pivotal role in Chagas disease, not only in the development of chagasic cardiomyopathy, but also in many stages of the T. cruzi life cycle and survival in the host cell environment. The intracellular signaling pathways utilized by T. cruzi to regulate these mechanisms remain unknown. To identify parasite proteins involved in the TGF-β response, we utilized a combined approach of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) analysis and mass spectrometry (MS) protein identification. Signaling via TGF-β is dependent on events of phosphorylation, which is one of the most relevant and ubiquitous post-translational modifications for the regulation of gene expression, and especially in trypanosomatids, since they lack several transcriptional control mechanisms. Here we show a kinetic view of T. cruzi epimastigotes (Y strain) incubated with TGF-β for 1, 5, 30 and 60 minutes, which promoted a remodeling of the parasite phosphorylation network and protein expression pattern. The altered molecules are involved in a variety of cellular processes, such as proteolysis, metabolism, heat shock response, cytoskeleton arrangement, oxidative stress regulation, translation and signal transduction. A total of 75 protein spots were up- or down-regulated more than twofold after TGF-β treatment, and from these, 42 were identified by mass spectrometry, including cruzipain-the major T. cruzi papain-like cysteine proteinase that plays an important role in invasion and participates in the escape mechanisms used by the parasite to evade the host immune system. In our study, we observed that TGF-β addition favored epimastigote proliferation, corroborating 2DE data in which proteins previously described to be involved in this process were positively stimulated by TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M. Ferrão
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiane L. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wim M. Degrave
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tania C. Araujo-Jorge
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leila Mendonça-Lima
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (LM-L); (MCW)
| | - Mariana C. Waghabi
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (LM-L); (MCW)
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33
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Genome sequence of Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau, the Brazilian vaccine strain against tuberculosis. J Bacteriol 2011; 193:5600-1. [PMID: 21914899 DOI: 10.1128/jb.05827-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only vaccine available against tuberculosis, and the strains used worldwide represent a family of daughter strains with distinct genotypic characteristics. Here we report the complete genome sequence of M. bovis BCG Moreau, the strain in continuous use in Brazil for vaccine production since the 1920s.
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