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Valter K, Tedford SE, Eells JT, Tedford CE. Photobiomodulation use in ophthalmology - an overview of translational research from bench to bedside. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2024; 4:1388602. [PMID: 39211002 PMCID: PMC11358123 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2024.1388602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) refers to the process in which wavelengths of light are absorbed by intracellular photoacceptors, resulting in the activation of signaling pathways that culminate in biological changes within the cell. PBM is the result of low-intensity light-induced reactions in the cell in contrast to thermal photoablation produced by high-intensity lasers. PBM has been effectively used in the clinic to enhance wound healing and mitigate pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal conditions, sports injury, and dental applications for many decades. In the past 20 years, experimental evidence has shown the benefit of PBM in increasing numbers of retinal and ophthalmic conditions. More recently, preclinical findings in ocular models have been translated to the clinic with promising results. This review discusses the preclinical and clinical evidence of the effects of PBM in ophthalmology and provides recommendations of the clinical use of PBM in the management of ocular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Valter
- Clear Vision Laboratory, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Janis T. Eells
- College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Tahmasebi Sarvestani M, Chidlow G, Wood JP, Casson RJ. Effects of slit lamp-delivered retinal laser photobiomodulation in a rat model of choroidal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2024; 244:109909. [PMID: 38710357 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration, also known as exudative or wet age-related macular degeneration, is the leading cause of blindness in the developed world. Photobiomodulation has the potential to target the up-stream hypoxic and pro-inflammatory drivers of choroidal neovascularization. This study investigated whether photobiomodulation attenuates characteristic pathological features of choroidal neovascularization in a rodent model. Experimental choroidal neovascularization was induced in Brown Norway rats with laser photocoagulation. A custom-designed, slit-lamp-mounted, 670 nm laser was used to administer retinal photobiomodulation every 3 days, beginning 6 days prior to choroidal neovascularization induction and continuing until the animals were killed 14 days later. The effect of photobiomodulation on the size of choroidal neovascular membranes was determined using isolectin-B4 immunohistochemistry and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Vascular leakage was determined with fluorescein angiography. The effect of treatment on levels of vascular endothelial growth factor expression was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment with photobiomodulation was associated with choroidal neovascular membranes that were smaller, had less fluorescein leakage, and a diminished presence of inflammatory cells as compared to sham eyes. These effects were not associated with a statistically significant difference in the level of vascular endothelial growth factor when compared to sham eyes. The data shown herein indicate that photobiomodulation attenuates pathological features of choroidal neovascularization in a rodent model by mechanisms that may be independent of vascular endothelial growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Glyn Chidlow
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John P Wood
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert J Casson
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Siqueira RC. Photobiomodulation Using Light-Emitting Diode (LED) for Treatment of Retinal Diseases. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:215-225. [PMID: 38283180 PMCID: PMC10813238 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s441962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a type of phototherapy that employs light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or low-power lasers to selectively administer specific wavelengths of visible light, ranging from 500 to 1000 nm, including near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. LEDs are advantageous compared to lasers due to their ability to treat large areas at a lower cost, lack of tissue damage potential in humans, and reduced risk of eye-related accidents. The ophthalmology community has recently taken interest in PBM as a promising novel approach for managing various retinal conditions such as age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, amblyopia, methanol-induced retinal damage, and potentially others. This review critically assesses the existing body of research on PBM applications in the retina, focusing on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of action and evaluating the clinical outcomes associated with this therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens Camargo Siqueira
- Department of Retina, Rubens Siqueira Research Center, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhu Q, Cao X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Xue L. Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy for Controlling Onset and Progression of Myopia-a Review. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1363-1376. [PMID: 37786442 PMCID: PMC10542022 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.85746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Repeated low-level red-light (RLRL), characterized by increased energy supply and cellular metabolism, thus enhancing metabolic repair processes, has gained persistent worldwide attention in recent years as a new novel scientific approach for therapeutic application in myopia. This therapeutic revolution led by RLRL therapy is due to significant advances in bioenergetics and photobiology, for instance, enormous progresses in photobiomodulation regulated by cytochrome c oxidase, the primary photoreceptor of the light in the red to near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, as the primary mechanism of action in RLRL therapy. This oxidase is also a key mitochondrial enzyme for cellular bioenergetics, especially for the nerve cells in the retina and brain. In addition, dopamine (DA)-enhanced release of nitric oxide may also be involved in controlling myopia by activation of nitric oxide synthase, enhancing cGMP signaling. Recent evidence has also suggested that RLRL may inhibit myopia progression by inhibiting spherical equivalent refraction (SER) progression and axial elongation without adverse effects. In this review, we provide scientific evidence for RLRL therapy as a unique paradigm to control myopia and support the theory that targeting neuronal energy metabolism may constitute a major target for the neurotherapeutics of myopia, with emphasis on its molecular, cellular, and nervous tissue levels, and the potential benefits of RLRL therapy for myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Xuejun Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- BioTissue (Tissue Tech, Inc.), Ocular Surface Center, and Ocular Surface Research & Education Foundation, Miami, FL, 33126 USA
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Jieying Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Yingting Zhu
- BioTissue (Tissue Tech, Inc.), Ocular Surface Center, and Ocular Surface Research & Education Foundation, Miami, FL, 33126 USA
| | - Liping Xue
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
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Kim SY, Song MJ, Kim IB, Park TK, Lyu J. Photobiomodulation therapy activates YAP and triggers proliferation and dedifferentiation of Müller glia in mammalian retina. BMB Rep 2023; 56:502-507. [PMID: 37254570 PMCID: PMC10547971 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2023-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy has been proposed as a promising therapeutic approach for retinal degenerative diseases. However, its effect on the regenerative capacity in mammalian retina and its intracellular signalling mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that photobiomodulation with 670 nm light stimulates Müller glia cell cycle re-entry and dedifferentiation into a progenitor-like state in both the uninjured and injured retina. We also find that 670 nm light treatment inhibits the Hippo pathway, which is activated in Müller glia following NaIO3-induced retinal injury. YAP, a major downstream effector of the Hippo signalling pathway was translocated into the nucleus of Müller glia along with YAP dephosphorylation in retina treated with 670 nm light. Deficiency of YAP attenuated Müller glia cell cycle re-entry and dedifferentiation. Our data reveal that the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway is associated with the photostimulatory effect on regenerative response in mammalian retina, and suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for retinal degenerative diseases. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 502-507].
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yeon Kim
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Song
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - In-Beom Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Tae Kwan Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon 14584, Korea
| | - Jungmook Lyu
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Optometry & Visual Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
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Kim SY, Song MJ, Kim IB, Park TK, Lyu J. Photobiomodulation therapy activates YAP and triggers proliferation and dedifferentiation of Müller glia in mammalian retina. BMB Rep 2023; 56:502-507. [PMID: 37254570 PMCID: PMC10547971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy has been proposed as a promising therapeutic approach for retinal degenerative diseases. However, its effect on the regenerative capacity in mammalian retina and its intracellular signalling mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that photobiomodulation with 670 nm light stimulates Müller glia cell cycle re-entry and dedifferentiation into a progenitor-like state in both the uninjured and injured retina. We also find that 670 nm light treatment inhibits the Hippo pathway, which is activated in Müller glia following NaIO3-induced retinal injury. YAP, a major downstream effector of the Hippo signalling pathway was translocated into the nucleus of Müller glia along with YAP dephosphorylation in retina treated with 670 nm light. Deficiency of YAP attenuated Müller glia cell cycle re-entry and dedifferentiation. Our data reveal that the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway is associated with the photostimulatory effect on regenerative response in mammalian retina, and suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for retinal degenerative diseases. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 502-507].
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yeon Kim
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Song
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - In-Beom Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Tae Kwan Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon 14584, Korea
| | - Jungmook Lyu
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Department of Optometry & Visual Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
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Calbiague García V, Cadiz B, Herrera P, Díaz A, Schmachtenberg O. Evaluation of Photobiomodulation and Boldine as Alternative Treatment Options in Two Diabetic Retinopathy Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097918. [PMID: 37175628 PMCID: PMC10178531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy causes progressive and irreversible damage to the retina through activation of inflammatory processes, overproduction of oxidative species, and glial reactivity, leading to changes in neuronal function and finally ischemia, edema, and hemorrhages. Current treatments are invasive and mostly applied at advanced stages, stressing the need for alternatives. To this end, we tested two unconventional and potentially complementary non-invasive treatment options: Photobiomodulation, the stimulation with near-infrared light, has shown promising results in ameliorating retinal pathologies and insults in several studies but remains controversial. Boldine, on the other hand, is a potent natural antioxidant and potentially useful to prevent free radical-induced oxidative stress. To establish a baseline, we first evaluated the effects of diabetic conditions on the retina with immunofluorescence, histological, and ultrastructural analysis in two diabetes model systems, obese LepRdb/db mice and organotypic retinal explants, and then tested the potential benefits of photobiomodulation and boldine treatment in vitro on retinal explants subjected to high glucose concentrations, mimicking diabetic conditions. Our results suggest that the principal subcellular structures affected by these conditions were mitochondria in the inner segment of photoreceptors, which displayed morphological changes in both model systems. In retinal explants, lactate metabolism, assayed as an indicator of mitochondrial function, was altered, and decreased photoreceptor viability was observed, presumably as a consequence of increased oxidative-nitrosative stress. The latter was reduced by boldine treatment in vitro, while photobiomodulation improved mitochondrial metabolism but was insufficient to prevent retinal structural damage caused by high glucose. These results warrant further research into alternative and complementary treatment options for diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Calbiague García
- Ph. D. Program in Neuroscience, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Bárbara Cadiz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Pablo Herrera
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Alejandra Díaz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Oliver Schmachtenberg
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
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Nie J, Xu N, Chen Z, Huang L, Jiao F, Chen Y, Pan Z, Deng C, Zhang H, Dong B, Li J, Tao T, Kang X, Chen W, Wang Q, Tong Y, Zhao M, Zhang G, Shen B. More light components and less light damage on rats’ eyes: evidence for the photobiomodulation and spectral opponency. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 22:809-824. [PMID: 36527588 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The blue-light hazard (BLH) has raised concerns with the increasing applications of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Many researchers believed that the shorter wavelength or more light components generally resulted in more severe retinal damage. In this study, based on the conventional phosphor-coated white LED, we added azure (484 nm), cyan (511 nm), and red (664 nm) light to fabricate the low-hazard light source. The low-hazard light sources and conventional white LED illuminated 68 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 7 days. Before and after light exposure, we measured the retinal function, thickness of retinal layers, and fundus photographs. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and the activities of oxidation-related biochemical indicators were also measured to investigate the mechanisms of damaging or protecting the retina. With the same correlated color temperature (CCT), the low-hazard light source results in significantly less damage on the retinal function and photoreceptors, even if it has two times illuminance and blue-light hazard-weighted irradiance ([Formula: see text]) than conventional white LED. The results illustrated that [Formula: see text] proposed by IEC 62471 could not exactly evaluate the light damage on rats' retinas. We also figured out that more light components could result in less light damage, which provided evidence for the photobiomodulation (PBM) and spectral opponency on light damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ningda Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhizhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Dongguan Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
- Semiconductor of PKU, Gao'an, 330800, Jiangxi, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lvzhen Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Fei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zuojian Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chuhan Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Boyan Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Tianchang Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiangning Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Dongguan Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuzhen Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
- Semiconductor of PKU, Gao'an, 330800, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingwei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Guoyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
- Dongguan Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang WW, Wang XY, Chu YX, Wang YQ. Light-emitting diode phototherapy: pain relief and underlying mechanisms. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2343-2352. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abd Eldaiem MS, Ahmed SA, Elsaeid AA, Hassan AA, Ghoneim DF, Ibrahim AM. Light-Emitting Diode Laser Therapy for Hyperoxia-Induced Retinal Abnormalities. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e64. [DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperoxygenation is linked to numerous effects in a variety of organ systems. It can cause tissue damage by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), increasing oxidative stress, and inducing cell death by apoptosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy on the retina in response to acute hyperoxia in animals. Methods: A total of 70 Wistar albino rats were evaluated in the present study: 10 rats were designated as a control group, and the rest were exposed to hyperoxia (O2 , 90%) for 3 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks (20 rats each). Each group was divided into two subgroups (n=10), one of which was designated as hyperoxia only. The other was treated with a 670 nm light-emitting diode laser (2 sessions/one week, ~ 9.0 J/cm2 ) in each eye. The animals were euthanized, and their retinas were dissected for analysis of protein content, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), malondialdehyde (MDA), and histological examination. Results: We found that two weeks of hyperoxia induced an increase in retinal protein content (P<0.001), an alteration in the intensities and molecular weights of protein fractions, a significant decrease in the TAC level (P<0.01), and a noticeable increase in H2 O2 and MDA levels (P<0.001). Histological examination revealed fragmentation of the photoreceptors and neovascularization in the outer and inner plexiform layers. Furthermore, the data showed remarkable improvement in the retinal protein contents, oxidative state, and retinal structure after light-emitting diode laser therapy. Conclusion: Light-emitting diode laser therapy was found to be a useful treatment paradigm for reducing hyperoxia-induced retinal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salwa Abdelkawi Ahmed
- Biophysics and Laser Science Unit, Vision Sciences Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Aziza Ahmed Hassan
- Ophthalmic Unit, National Institute of Laser enhanced Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Fouad Ghoneim
- Ophthalmic Unit, National Institute of Laser enhanced Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Tolerance to Light of Patients Suffering From Infectious Keratitis. Cornea 2021; 40:5-11. [PMID: 33038155 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE With very photophobic patients, the advantages of red or near infrared light to develop new ophthalmology imaging devices seem obvious: no or little glare, possibility of long signal integration, no phototoxicity, and lesser autofluorescence of ocular tissues. Nevertheless, in this range, the shortest possible wavelength facilitates signal detection. The aim of this study was, thus, to determine the maximal irradiance tolerated with 6 wavelengths: 2 red, 2 far red, and 1 near infrared lights to determine the shortest wavelength well tolerated by patients, in comparison with the standard cobalt blue light of ophthalmology slitlamp. METHODS An interventional, monocentric, single-group assignment study was conducted on 30 eyes of 30 patients with infectious keratitis. Thanks to a customized machine, the photophobic eye was exposed to the 6 lights with increasing intensity. The patients switched off the light when the discomfort was too elevated. The maximal cumulative irradiance possible at 482, 650, 675, 700, 750, and 800 nm were 171, 689, 759, 862, 920, and 889 mW/cm, respectively. RESULTS The maximal cumulative irradiance tolerated by patients increased significantly with wavelength (P < 0.001), but the difference was not significant between each increment: red at 675 nm gave a significantly higher cumulative irradiance than blue at 482 nm; red at 700 nm did not provide significant gain compared with 675 nm; and far red at 750 nm still provided additional gain compared with 700 nm, but no significant gain was observed between 750 and 800 nm. The shortest wavelengths were stopped more quickly, and more than 50% of patients reached the maximum irradiance delivered by the source at 750 and 800 nm. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that a light source at 750 and 800 nm can be used for ophthalmic imaging with good tolerance in photophobic patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03586505.
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Zhu Q, Xiao S, Hua Z, Yang D, Hu M, Zhu YT, Zhong H. Near Infrared (NIR) Light Therapy of Eye Diseases: A Review. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:109-119. [PMID: 33390779 PMCID: PMC7738953 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.52980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) light therapy, or photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), has gained persistent worldwide attention in recent years as a new novel scientific approach for therapeutic applications in ophthalmology. This ongoing therapeutic adoption of NIR therapy is largely propelled by significant advances in the fields of photobiology and bioenergetics, such as the discovery of photoneuromodulation by cytochrome c oxidase and the elucidation of therapeutic biochemical processes. Upon transcranial delivery, NIR light has been shown to significantly increase cytochrome oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities which suggests its role in inducing metabolic and antioxidant beneficial effects. Furthermore, NIR light may also boost cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions in humans without adverse effects. In this review, we highlight the value of NIR therapy as a novel paradigm for treatment of visual and neurological conditions, and provide scientific evidence to support the use of NIR therapy with emphasis on molecular and cellular mechanisms in eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Shuyuan Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Zhijuan Hua
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650021, China
| | | | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
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Ao J, Chidlow G, Wood JPM, Casson RJ. Safety Profile of Slit-Lamp-Delivered Retinal Laser Photobiomodulation. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:22. [PMID: 32818109 PMCID: PMC7396177 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.4.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Photobiomodulation (PBM) refers to therapeutic irradiation of tissue with low-energy, 630- to 1000-nm wavelength light. An increasing body of evidence supports a beneficial effect of PBM in retinal disorders. To date, most studies have utilized light-emitting diode irradiation sources. Slit-lamp-mounted retinal lasers produce a coherent beam that can be delivered with precisely defined dosages and predetermined target area; however, the use of retinal lasers raises safety concerns that warrant investigation prior to clinical application. In this study, we determined safe dosages of laser-delivered PBM to the retina. Methods A custom-designed, slit-lamp-delivered, 670-nm, red/near-infrared laser was used to administer a range of irradiances to healthy pigmented and non-pigmented rat retinas. The effects of PBM on various functional and structural parameters of the retina were evaluated utilizing a combination of electroretinography, Spectral Domain Optical Coherence (SD-OCT), fluorescein angiography, histology and immunohistochemistry. Results In non-pigmented rats, no adverse events were identified at any irradiances up to 500 mW/cm2. In pigmented rats, no adverse events were identified at irradiances of 25 or 100 mW/cm2; however, approximately one-third of rats that received 500 mW/cm2 displayed very localized photoreceptor damage in the peripapillary region, typically adjacent to the optic nerve head. Conclusions A safety threshold exists for laser-delivered PBM in pigmented retinas and was identified as 500 mW/cm2 irradiance; therefore, caution should be exercised in the dosage of laser-delivered PBM administered to pigmented retinas. Translational Relevance This study provides important data necessary for clinical translation of laser-delivered PBM for retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Ao
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratories, Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Glyn Chidlow
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratories, Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John P M Wood
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratories, Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert J Casson
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratories, Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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14
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Xiyang YB, Liu R, Wang XY, Li S, Zhao Y, Lu BT, Xiao ZC, Zhang LF, Wang TH, Zhang J. COX5A Plays a Vital Role in Memory Impairment Associated With Brain Aging via the BDNF/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:215. [PMID: 32754029 PMCID: PMC7365906 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va (COX5A) is involved in maintaining normal mitochondrial function. However, little is known on the role of COX5A in the development and progress of Alzheimer’s disease (Martinez-Losa et al., 2018). In this study, we established and characterized the genomic profiles of genes expressed in the hippocampus of Senescence-Accelerated Mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice, and revealed differential expression of COX5A among 12-month-aged SAMP8 mice and 2-month-aged SAMP8 mice. Newly established transgenic mice with systemic COX5A overexpression (51% increase) resulted in the improvement of spatial recognition memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity, recovery of hippocampal CA1 dendrites, and activation of the BDNF/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in vivo. Moreover, mice with both COX5A overexpression and BDNF knockdown showed a poor recovery in spatial recognition memory as well as a decrease in spine density and branching of dendrites in CA1, when compared to mice that only overexpressed COX5A. In vitro studies supported that COX5A affected neuronal growth via BDNF. In summary, this study was the first to show that COX5A in the hippocampus plays a vital role in aging-related cognitive deterioration via BDNF/ERK1/2 regulation, and suggested that COX5A may be a potential target for anti-senescence drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bin Xiyang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruan Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xu-Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bing-Tuan Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Xiao
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories (MISCL), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lian-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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15
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Photobiomodulation Mediates Neuroprotection against Blue Light Induced Retinal Photoreceptor Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072370. [PMID: 32235464 PMCID: PMC7177783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Potent neuroprotective effects of photobiomodulation with 670 nm red light (RL) have been demonstrated in several models of retinal disease. RL improves mitochondrial metabolism, reduces retinal inflammation and oxidative cell stress, showing its ability to enhance visual function. However, the current knowledge is limited to the main hypothesis that the respiratory chain complex IV, cytochrome c oxidase, serves as the primary target of RL. Here, we demonstrate a comprehensive cellular, molecular, and functional characterization of neuroprotective effects of 670 nm RL and 810 nm near-infrared light (NIRL) on blue light damaged murine primary photoreceptors. We show that respiratory chain complexes I and II are additional PBM targets, besides complex IV, leading to enhanced mitochondrial energy metabolism. Accordingly, our study identified mitochondria related RL- and NIRL-triggered defense mechanisms promoting photoreceptor neuroprotection. The observed improvement of mitochondrial and extramitochondrial respiration in both inner and outer segments is linked with reduced oxidative stress including its cellular consequences and reduced mitochondria-induced apoptosis. Analysis of regulatory mechanisms using gene expression analysis identified upregulation α-crystallins that indicate enhanced production of proteins with protective functions that point to the rescued mitochondrial function. The results support the hypothesis that energy metabolism is a major target for retinal light therapy.
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16
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Fu Z, Sun Y, Cakir B, Tomita Y, Huang S, Wang Z, Liu CH, S. Cho S, Britton W, S. Kern T, Antonetti DA, Hellström A, E.H. Smith L. Targeting Neurovascular Interaction in Retinal Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1503. [PMID: 32098361 PMCID: PMC7073081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tightly structured neural retina has a unique vascular network comprised of three interconnected plexuses in the inner retina (and choroid for outer retina), which provide oxygen and nutrients to neurons to maintain normal function. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that neuronal metabolic needs control both normal retinal vascular development and pathological aberrant vascular growth. Particularly, photoreceptors, with the highest density of mitochondria in the body, regulate retinal vascular development by modulating angiogenic and inflammatory factors. Photoreceptor metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation may cause adaptive but ultimately pathological retinal vascular responses, leading to blindness. Here we focus on the factors involved in neurovascular interactions, which are potential therapeutic targets to decrease energy demand and/or to increase energy production for neovascular retinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Bertan Cakir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Yohei Tomita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Zhongxiao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Chi-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Steve S. Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - William Britton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Timothy S. Kern
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - David A. Antonetti
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
| | - Ann Hellström
- Section for Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden;
| | - Lois E.H. Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
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17
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Kent AL, Abdel-Latif ME, Cochrane T, Broom M, Dahlstrom JE, Essex RW, Shadbolt B, Natoli R. A pilot randomised clinical trial of 670 nm red light for reducing retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:131-136. [PMID: 31430763 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0520-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photobiomodulation by 670 nm red light in animal models reduced severity of ROP and improved survival. This pilot randomised controlled trial aimed to provide data on 670 nm red light exposure for prevention of ROP and survival for a larger randomised trial. METHODS Neonates <30 weeks gestation or <1150 g at birth were randomised to receive 670 nm for 15 min (9 J/cm2) daily until 34 weeks corrected age. DATA COLLECTED placental pathology, growth, days of respiratory support and oxygen, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, necrotising enterocolitis, sepsis, worst stage of ROP, need for laser treatment, and survival. RESULTS Eighty-six neonates enrolled-45 no red light; 41 red light. There was no difference in severity of ROP (<27 weeks-p = 0.463; ≥27 weeks-p = 0.558) or requirement for laser treatment (<27 weeks-p = 1.00; ≥27 weeks-no laser treatment in either group). Survival in 670 nm red light treatment group was 100% (41/41) vs 89% (40/45) in untreated infants (p = 0.057). CONCLUSION Randomisation to receive 670 nm red light within 24-48 h after birth is feasible. Although no improvement in ROP or survivability was observed, further testing into the dosage and delivery for this potential therapy are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L Kent
- Division of Neonatology, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Mohamed E Abdel-Latif
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, 2606, Australia
| | - Timothy Cochrane
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, 2606, Australia
| | - Margaret Broom
- Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, 2606, Australia
| | - Jane E Dahlstrom
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, 2606, Australia.,John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Medicine Biology and Environment, ANU, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Rohan W Essex
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, 2606, Australia
| | - Bruce Shadbolt
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Clinical Epidemiology, Canberra Hospital, Woden, ACT, 2606, Australia
| | - Riccardo Natoli
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,John Curtin School of Medical Research, College of Medicine Biology and Environment, ANU, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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18
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Núñez-Álvarez C, Osborne N. Blue light exacerbates and red light counteracts negative insults to retinal ganglion cells in situ and R28 cells in vitro. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:187-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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670nm light treatment following retinal injury modulates Müller cell gliosis: Evidence from in vivo and in vitro stress models. Exp Eye Res 2018; 169:1-12. [PMID: 29355737 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) with 670 nm light has been shown to accelerate wound healing in soft tissue injuries, and also to protect neuronal tissues. However, little data exist on its effects on the non-neuronal components of the retina, such as Müller cells (MCs), which are the principal macroglia of the retina that play a role in maintaining retinal homeostasis. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of 670 nm light on activated MCs using in vivo and in vitro stress models. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to photo-oxidative damage (PD) for 24 h and treated with 670 nm light at 0, 3 and 14 days after PD. Tissue was collected at 30 days post-PD for analysis. Using the in vitro scratch model with a human MC line (MIO-M1), area coverage and cellular stress were analysed following treatment with 670 nm light. We showed that early treatment with 670 nm light after PD reduced MC activation, lowering the retinal expression of GFAP and FGF-2. 670 nm light treatment mitigated the production of MC-related pro-inflammatory cytokines (including IL-1β), and reduced microglia/macrophage (MG/MΦ) recruitment into the outer retina following PD. This subsequently decreased photoreceptor loss, slowing the progression of retinal degeneration. In vitro, we showed that 670 nm light directly modulated MC activation, reducing rates of area coverage by suppressing cellular proliferation and spreading. This study indicates that 670 nm light treatment post-injury may have therapeutic benefit when administered shortly after retinal damage, and could be useful for retinal degenerations where MC gliosis is a feature of disease progression.
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20
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Ao J, Wood JP, Chidlow G, Gillies MC, Casson RJ. Retinal pigment epithelium in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and photobiomodulation as a potential therapy? Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 46:670-686. [PMID: 29205705 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) comprises a monolayer of cells located between the neuroretina and the choriocapillaries. The RPE serves several important functions in the eye: formation of the blood-retinal barrier, protection of the retina from oxidative stress, nutrient delivery and waste disposal, ionic homeostasis, phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments, synthesis and release of growth factors, reisomerization of all-trans-retinal during the visual cycle, and establishment of ocular immune privilege. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Dysfunction of the RPE has been associated with the pathogenesis of AMD in relation to increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial destabilization and complement dysregulation. Photobiomodulation or near infrared light therapy which refers to non-invasive irradiation of tissue with light in the far-red to near-infrared light spectrum (630-1000 nm), is an intervention that specifically targets key mechanisms of RPE dysfunction that are implicated in AMD pathogenesis. The current evidence for the efficacy of photobiomodulation in AMD is poor but its safety profile and proposed mechanisms of action motivate further research as a novel therapy for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Ao
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John Pm Wood
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Glyn Chidlow
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark C Gillies
- The Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert J Casson
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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21
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Lu YZ, Natoli R, Madigan M, Fernando N, Saxena K, Aggio-Bruce R, Jiao H, Provis J, Valter K. Photobiomodulation with 670 nm light ameliorates Müller cell-mediated activation of microglia and macrophages in retinal degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2017; 165:78-89. [PMID: 28888911 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Müller cells, the supporting cells of the retina, play a key role in responding to retinal stress by releasing chemokines, including CCL2, to recruit microglia and macrophages (MG/MΦ) into the damaged retina. Photobiomodulation (PBM) with 670 nm light has been shown to reduce inflammation in models of retinal degeneration. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether 670 nm light had an effect on Müller cell-initiated inflammation under retinal photo-oxidative damage (PD) in vivo and in vitro. Sprague-Dawley rats were pre-treated with 670 nm light (9J/cm2) once daily over 5 days prior to PD. The expression of inflammatory genes including CCL2 and IL-1β was analysed in retinas. In vitro, primary Müller cells dissociated from neonatal rat retinas were co-cultured with 661W photoreceptor cells. Co-cultures were exposed to PD, followed by 670 nm light treatment to the Müller cells only, and Müller cell stress and inflammation were assessed. Primary MG/MΦ were incubated with supernatant from the co-cultures, and collected for analysis of inflammatory activation. To further understand the mechanism of 670 nm light, the expression of COX5a and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were measured in Müller cells. Following PD, 670 nm light-treated Müller cells had a reduced inflammatory activation, with lower levels of CCL2, IL-1β and IL-6. Supernatant from 670 nm light-treated co-cultures reduced activation of primary MG/MΦ, and lowered the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, compared to untreated PD controls. Additionally, 670 nm light-treated Müller cells had an increased expression of COX5a and an elevated ΔΨm following PD, suggesting that retrograde signaling plays a role in the effects of 670 nm light on Müller cell gene expression. Our data indicates that 670 nm light reduces Müller cell-mediated retinal inflammation, and offers a potential cellular mechanism for 670 nm light therapy in regulating inflammation associated with retinal degenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Zhen Lu
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Riccardo Natoli
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; ANU Medical School, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michele Madigan
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Nilisha Fernando
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kartik Saxena
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Riemke Aggio-Bruce
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Haihan Jiao
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jan Provis
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; ANU Medical School, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Krisztina Valter
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; ANU Medical School, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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22
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Núñez-Álvarez C, Del Olmo-Aguado S, Merayo-Lloves J, Osborne NN. Near infra-red light attenuates corneal endothelial cell dysfunction in situ and in vitro. Exp Eye Res 2017; 161:106-115. [PMID: 28619506 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study mechanical damage to the corneal endothelium was induced by elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP, 140 mmHg, 60 min) to one eye of rats, delivered either in complete darkness or in the presence of red light (16.5 W/m2, 3000 lx, 625-635 nm). IOP raised in the dark revealed the endothelium to be damaged as staining for the gap junction protein ZO-1 was irregular in appearance with some cells displaced in position or lost to leave gaps or holes. This damage was clearly attenuated when red light was focused through the pupil during the insult of raised IOP. Moreover, staining of endothelium with JC-1 dye showed mitochondria to be activated by both elevated IOP and red light but the activation of mitochondria persisted longer for red light. We interpret this finding to suggest that raised IOP causes apoptosis of endothelial cells and that their mitochondria are activated in the initial stages of the process. In contrast, red light activates mitochondria to induce a protective mechanism to counteract the negative influence of raised IOP on endothelial cells. Evidence is provided to support this notion by the finding that red light stimulates mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase IV (COX IV). Moreover, mitochondria in corneal endothelial cell cultures are activated by red light, revealed by staining with JC-1, that results in an increased rate of proliferation and are also able to counteract toxic insults (sodium azide or cobalt chloride) to the cultures. The present studies therefore show that a non-toxic level of red light attenuates damage to the corneal endothelium both in situ and in vitro through action on COX IV located in mitochondria that results in an enhancement of a cell's survival mechanisms. The study provides proof of principle for the non-invasive use of red-light therapy to attenuate any dysfunctions associated with the corneal endothelium and so preserve maximum visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Núñez-Álvarez
- Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda. Doctores Fernández-Vega 34, E-33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Susana Del Olmo-Aguado
- Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda. Doctores Fernández-Vega 34, E-33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jesús Merayo-Lloves
- Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda. Doctores Fernández-Vega 34, E-33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Neville N Osborne
- Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda. Doctores Fernández-Vega 34, E-33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Beirne K, Rozanowska M, Votruba M. Photostimulation of mitochondria as a treatment for retinal neurodegeneration. Mitochondrion 2017; 36:85-95. [PMID: 28499983 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Absorption of photon energy by neuronal mitochondria leads to numerous downstream neuroprotective effects. Red and near infrared (NIR) light are associated with significantly less safety concerns than light of shorter wavelengths and they are therefore, the optimal choice for irradiating the retina. Potent neuroprotective effects have been demonstrated in various models of retinal damage, by red/NIR light, with limited data from human studies showing its ability to improve visual function. Improved neuronal mitochondrial function, increased blood flow to neural tissue, upregulation of cell survival mediators and restoration of normal microglial function have all been proposed as potential underlying mechanisms of red/NIR light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Beirne
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Malgorzata Rozanowska
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Marcela Votruba
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Cardiff Eye Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
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Sivapathasuntharam C, Sivaprasad S, Hogg C, Jeffery G. Aging retinal function is improved by near infrared light (670 nm) that is associated with corrected mitochondrial decline. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 52:66-70. [PMID: 28129566 PMCID: PMC5364001 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cellular decline and reduced function, partly mediated by mitochondrial compromise. However, aged mitochondrial function is corrected with near infrared light (670 nm) that improves their membrane potentials and adenosine triphosphate production and also reduces age-related inflammation. We ask if 670 nm light can also improve declining retinal function. Electroretinograms were measured in 2-, 7-, and 12-month old C57BL/6 mice. Significant age-related declines were measured in the photoreceptor generated a-wave and the postreceptoral b-wave. Seven- and 12-month-old mice were exposed to 670 nm for 15 minutes daily over 1 month. These showed significant improved retinal function in both waves of approximately 25% but did not reach levels found in 2-month-old animals. Our data suggest, 670 nm light can significantly improve aged retinal function, perhaps by providing additional adenosine triphosphate production for photoreceptor ion pumps or reduced aged inflammation. This may have implications for the treatment of retinal aging and age-related retinal disease, such as macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Glen Jeffery
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
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Visual light effects on mitochondria: The potential implications in relation to glaucoma. Mitochondrion 2016; 36:29-35. [PMID: 27890822 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Light of different wave-lengths have the potential to interact with four major mitochondrial protein complexes that are involved in the generation of ATP. Neurones of the central nervous system have an absolute dependence on mitochondrial generated ATP. Laboratory studies show that short-wave or blue light (400-480nm) that impinges on the retina affect flavin and cytochrome constituents associated with mitochondria to decrease the rate of ATP formation, stimulate ROS and results in cell death. This suggests that blue light could potentially have a negative influence on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mitochondria that are abundant and not shielded by macular pigments as occurs for photoreceptor mitochondria. This might be of significance in glaucoma where it is likely that RGC mitochondria are already affected and therefore be more susceptible to blue light. Thus simply filtering out some natural blue light from entering the eye might be beneficial for the treatment of glaucoma. Long-wave or red light (650-800nm) affects mitochondrial complex IV or cytochrome oxidase to increase the rate of formation of ATP and ROS causing the generation of a number of beneficial factors. Significantly, laboratory studies show that increasing the normal amount of natural red light reaching rat RGC mitochondria in situ, subjected to ischemia, proved to be beneficial. A challenge now is to test whether extra red light delivered to the human retina can slow-down RGC loss in glaucoma. Such a methodology has also the advantage of being non-invasive. One very exciting possibility might be in the production of a lens where solar UV light is convertes to add to the amount of natural red light entering the eye.
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del Olmo-Aguado S, Núñez-Álvarez C, Osborne NN. Red light of the visual spectrum attenuates cell death in culture and retinal ganglion cell death in situ. Acta Ophthalmol 2016; 94:e481-91. [PMID: 26928988 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To ascertain whether red light, known to enhance mitochondrial function, can blunt chemical insults to cell cultures and ischaemic insults to the rat retina. METHODS Raised intraocular pressure (IOP, 140 mmHg, 60 min) or ischaemia was delivered in complete darkness or in the presence of low intensity red light (16.5 watts/m(2) , 3000 lux, 625-635 nm) to one eye of each rat. Animals were killed at specific times after ischemia and retinas analysis for ganglion cell numbers, the localization of specific antigens or for changes in defined RNAs. RGC-5 cell cultures were also exposed to various chemical insults in the presence or absence of red light. Significant differences were determined by t-test and anova. RESULTS Elevation of IOP causes changes in the localization of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), calretinin, calbindin, choline acetyltransferase, ganglion cell numbers and an elevation (GFAP, vimentin, HO-1 and mTORC1) or reduction (Thy-1 and Brn3a) of mRNAs in the rat retina. These negative effects to the rat retina caused by ischaemia are reduced by red light. Moreover, chemical insults to cell cultures are blunted by red light. CONCLUSIONS Low, non-toxic levels of red light focussed on the retina for a short period of time are sufficient to attenuate an insult of raised IOP to the rat retina. Since mitochondrial dysfunctions are thought to play a major role in ganglion cell death in glaucoma, we propose the potential use of red light therapy for the treatment of the disease.
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Beirne K, Rozanowska M, Votruba M. Red Light Treatment in an Axotomy Model of Neurodegeneration. Photochem Photobiol 2016; 92:624-31. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Beirne
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
| | - Malgorzata Rozanowska
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
| | - Marcela Votruba
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
- Cardiff Eye Unit; University Hospital of Wales; Cardiff UK
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Geneva II. Photobiomodulation for the treatment of retinal diseases: a review. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:145-52. [PMID: 26949625 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.01.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low level laser therapy, has recently risen to the attention of the ophthalmology community as a promising new approach to treat a variety of retinal conditions including age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, amblyopia, methanol-induced retinal damage, and possibly others. This review evaluates the existing research pertaining to PBM applications in the retina, with a focus on the mechanisms of action and clinical outcomes. All available literature until April 2015 was reviewed using PubMed and the following keywords: "photobiomodulation AND retina", "low level light therapy AND retina", "low level laser therapy AND retina", and "FR/NIR therapy AND retina". In addition, the relevant references listed within the papers identified through PubMed were incorporated. The literature supports the conclusion that the low-cost and non-invasive nature of PBM, coupled with the first promising clinical reports and the numerous preclinical-studies in animal models, make PBM well-poised to become an important player in the treatment of a wide range of retinal disorders. Nevertheless, large-scale clinical trials will be necessary to establish the PBM therapeutic ranges for the various retinal diseases, as well as to gain a deeper understanding of its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivayla I Geneva
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Center for Vision Research, Syracuse, NY 13202, USA
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Johnstone DM, Moro C, Stone J, Benabid AL, Mitrofanis J. Turning On Lights to Stop Neurodegeneration: The Potential of Near Infrared Light Therapy in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2016; 9:500. [PMID: 26793049 PMCID: PMC4707222 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease are the two most common neurodegenerative disorders. They develop after a progressive death of many neurons in the brain. Although therapies are available to treat the signs and symptoms of both diseases, the progression of neuronal death remains relentless, and it has proved difficult to slow or stop. Hence, there is a need to develop neuroprotective or disease-modifying treatments that stabilize this degeneration. Red to infrared light therapy (λ = 600-1070 nm), and in particular light in the near infrared (NIr) range, is emerging as a safe and effective therapy that is capable of arresting neuronal death. Previous studies have used NIr to treat tissue stressed by hypoxia, toxic insult, genetic mutation and mitochondrial dysfunction with much success. Here we propose NIr therapy as a neuroprotective or disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Moro
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus Grenoble, France
| | - Jonathan Stone
- Department of Physiology, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alim-Louis Benabid
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus Grenoble, France
| | - John Mitrofanis
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus Grenoble, France
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Osborne NN, Álvarez CN, del Olmo Aguado S. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction as in aging and glaucoma. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:1613-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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