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Rahimi K, Ezzati Givi M, Rezaie A, Hekmatmanesh M, Shaker Ardakani Y. The protective effects of Gamma-linolenic acid against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1844-1851. [PMID: 38443203 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The primary goal of the investigation was to analyse the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) on rats with indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric ulcers. Thirty rats were divided into five groups: Control, IND (50 mg/kg, p.o.), IND pretreated with GLA 100 mg/kg (p.o. for 14 d), IND pretreated with GLA 150 mg/kg (p.o. for 14 d) and IND pretreated with omeprazole (20 mg/kg, p.o. for 14 d). The stomach tissues were examined to calculate the ulcer index and pH and analyse biochemical markers (prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1), TNF-1, IL-6 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1)) and oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde: (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and CAT (catalase)) as well as undergo histopathological assessment. GLA 100 and 150 mg/kg showed a protective effect against IND-induced gastric damage. It reduced levels of COX1, TNF-1, IL-6 and ICAM and increased PGE2 levels. GLA also normalised antioxidant function by modulating MDA, SOD, GSH and CAT. GLA intervention protects against IND-induced gastric ulcers by restoring oxidant/antioxidant balance and reducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ezzati Givi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anahita Rezaie
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hekmatmanesh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yasamin Shaker Ardakani
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Wang HJ, Chen AC, Chen HY, Cheng HC, Kao LT, Lu CK, Tsai KC, Lee IJ, Ueng YF. Identification of the perpetrator imperatorin in Xin-yi-san-theophylline interaction: observed and predicted herb-drug interaction in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:1225-1236. [PMID: 37364866 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Theophylline is a bronchodilator with a narrow therapeutic index and primarily metabolised by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2. Xin-yi-san (XYS) is a herbal formula frequently used to ameliorate nasal inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of XYS and its ingredient, imperatorin, on theophylline pharmacokinetics in rats. METHODS The kinetics of XYS- and imperatorin-mediated inhibition of theophylline oxidation were determined. Pharmacokinetics of theophylline were analysed. Comparisons were made with the CYP1A2 inhibitor, fluvoxamine. KEY FINDINGS XYS extract and its ingredient, imperatorin, non-competitively inhibited theophylline oxidation. Fluvoxamine (50 and 100 mg/kg) and XYS (0.5 and 0.9 g/kg) significantly prolonged the time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (tmax) of theophylline by 3-10 fold. In a dose-dependent manner, XYS and imperatorin (0.1-10 mg/kg) treatments significantly decreased theophylline clearance by 27-33% and 19-56%, respectively. XYS (0.9 g/kg) and imperatorin (10 mg/kg) significantly prolonged theophylline elimination half-life by 29% and 142%, respectively. Compared with the increase (51-112%) in the area under curve (AUC) of theophylline by fluvoxamine, the increase (27-57%) by XYS was moderate. CONCLUSIONS XYS decreased theophylline clearance primarily through imperatorin-suppressed theophylline oxidation. Further human studies are essential for the dose adjustment in the co-medication regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jaan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Chi Chen
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Kao
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuang Lu
- Division of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, School of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- Division of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Lee
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yune-Fang Ueng
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Barmoudeh Z, Sadeghi H, Gheitasi I, Khalvati B, Omidifar N, Azizi M, Moslemi Z, Nikbakht J, Doustimotlagh AH. Fluvoxamine ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation induced by bile-duct ligation in male rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12344. [PMID: 36590477 PMCID: PMC9800296 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cholestasis is a disorder that the bile ducts were narrowed and bile acids are not released simply. Bile acids-induced liver damage is exacerbated by inflammation and oxidative stress. The goal of the current study was to investigate the protective impacts of fluvoxamine (Flu) on oxidant-antioxidant balance and inflammatory cytokines in the bile duct ligated (BDL) rats. Methods Thirty-two male rats were arbitrarily allocated in 4 groups; sham-control (SC), SC+ 150 mg/kg Flu (SCF), bile duct ligation (BDL), and BDL+ 150 mg/kg Flu (BDLF). The rats received distilled water and Flu orally for one week. Biochemical analysis, hematoxylin and eosin staining, as well as oxidant/antioxidant status were evaluated. Also, the mRNA expression of TGF-β1, IL-1, TNF-α, and α-SMA were determined. Results The findings indicated serum values of ALT, total bilirubin, and ALP slightly declined in the BDL + Flu group in contrast to BDL rats. The plasma protein carbonyl and inflammatory markers were markedly increased in the BDL group in contrast with SC group (P ≤ 0.05). Treatment with Flu in BDL rats markedly reduced the values of hepatic nitric oxide metabolite and malondialdehyde, plasma protein carbonyl, as well as TNF-α mRNA level (P ≤ 0.05). Histological parameters were improved in the BDL + Flu group in comparison to BDL merely rats. Conclusion It seems that Flu declined oxidative stress probably by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and nitric oxide formation. Also, it reduced inflammation by decreasing TNF-α mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Barmoudeh
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Izadpanah Gheitasi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalvati
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdokht Azizi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Zahra Moslemi
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Jafar Nikbakht
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran,Corresponding author.
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Gastroprotective effects of Combretum paniculatum (Combretaceae) leaf extract and fractions on absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Combretum paniculatum (Combretaceae) Vent. is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat ulcers and gastrointestinal disorders, including distended spleens and the liver. This study investigated the gastroprotective effects of C. paniculatum leaf extract and its fractions on absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats and explored their effects on endogenous antioxidant (SOD, MDA, GSH, and Catalase) levels. Butanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extracts (100 and 200 mg/kg), omeprazole (20 mg/kg), and control (3% Tween 80) were administered orally.
Results
The methanolic extract and fractions of C. paniculatum exhibited varying degrees of ulcer protection. MECP exhibited significant (P < 0.05) ulcer protection (55.56%) at 200 mg/kg; at 100 and 200 mg/kg, HFCP induced considerable (P < 0.01 & 0.001) ulcer reduction (64.44% and 80.00%), respectively; EAFCP offered substantial (P < 0.05) ulcer reduction (57.78%) at 200 mg/kg, whereas BFCP produced significant (P < 0.01) ulcer protection (73.33% and 68.89%) at 100 and 200 mg/kg against absolute ethanol-induced ulcer. MDA levels were substantially reduced after pretreatment with the extract and fractions, whereas SOD, GSH, and catalase levels were significantly enhanced.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that C. paniculatum leaf extract and fractions possess gastroprotective actions against ethanol-induced ulcers and exert these effects through antioxidant mechanisms. Therefore, the traditional use of C. paniculatum leaves in the treatment of ulcers is justified.
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Potential Active Constituents from Opophytum forsskalii (Hochst. ex Boiss.) N.E.Br against Experimental Gastric Lesions in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091089. [PMID: 36145310 PMCID: PMC9502456 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Opophytum forsskalii (O. forsskalii) is a desert plant that belongs to the Aizoaceae family. Although it is a natural food source for Bedouin tribes in northern Saudi Arabia, there is little information on its active metabolites. Therefore, the secondary metabolites of the hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of this species were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass chromatography (LC-MS). LC-MS identified a total of 30 secondary metabolites. These compounds represented two main categories among sixteen classes. Among them, flavonoids represented the largest proportion with eleven metabolites while fatty acids provided seven compounds. In addition, the extract was evaluated for its gastroprotective effect against gastric lesions induced by different models, such as indomethacin, stress, and necrotizing agents (80% ethanol, 0.2 mol/L NaOH, and 25% NaCl), in rats. For each method, group 1 was used as the control group while groups 2 and 3 received the leaf extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The ulcer index (UI) and intraluminal bleeding score (IBS) were measured for each method. In addition, gastric tissue from the ethanol method was used for the analysis of nonprotein sulfhydrates (NP-SH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein (TP), and histopathologic evaluation. Pretreatment with O. forsskalii significantly decreased UI (p < 0.01) and IBS (p < 0.01) at 400 mg/kg. Pretreatment with O. forsskalii significantly improved total protein levels (p < 0.01) and NP-SH (p < 0.001) compared to the ethanol ulcer groups. MDA levels increased from 0.5 to 5.8 nmol/g in the normal groups compared to the ethanol groups and decreased to 2.34 nmol/g in the O. forsskalii pretreatment. In addition to the gastroprotective markers, histopathological examination of gastric tissue confirmed the gastroprotective potential of O. forsskalii extract against ethanol.
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Oktariani AF, Ramona Y, Sudaryatma PE, Dewi IAMM, Shetty K. Role of Marine Bacterial Contaminants in Histamine Formation in Seafood Products: A Review. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061197. [PMID: 35744715 PMCID: PMC9227395 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a toxic biogenic amine commonly found in seafood products or their derivatives. This metabolite is produced by histamine-producing bacteria (HPB) such as Proteus vulgaris, P. mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, E. cloacae, Serratia fonticola, S. liquefaciens, Citrobacter freundii, C. braakii, Clostridium spp., Raoultella planticola, R. ornithinolytica, Vibrio alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. olivaceus, Acinetobacter lowffi, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas putida, P. fluorescens, Aeromonas spp., Photobacterium damselae, P. phosphoreum, P. leiognathi, P. iliopiscarium, P. kishitanii, and P. aquimaris. In this review, the role of these bacteria in histamine production in fish and seafood products with consequences for human food poisoning following consumption are discussed. In addition, methods to control their activity in countering histamine production are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnorita Fandah Oktariani
- Doctoral Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Denpasar 80361, Bali, Indonesia;
- PT. Intimas Surya, Denpasar 80222, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Yan Ramona
- Doctoral Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Denpasar 80361, Bali, Indonesia;
- Integrated Laboratory for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Udayana University, Denpasar 80361, Bali, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (K.S.); Tel.: +62-85101523213 (Y.R.)
| | | | - Ida Ayu Mirah Meliana Dewi
- School of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Denpasar 80361, Bali, Indonesia;
| | - Kalidas Shetty
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (K.S.); Tel.: +62-85101523213 (Y.R.)
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Abdel-Kawi SH, Hashem KS, Saad MK, Fekry G, Abdel-Hameed EMM. The ameliorative effects of cinnamon oil against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats by regulating oxidative stress and promoting angiogenesis. J Mol Histol 2022; 53:573-587. [PMID: 35290563 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-022-10072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon is one of the herbal resources belonging to the Lauraceae family, is commonly used in traditional medicine and as a flavoring agent. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, the present study was performed to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of cinnamon on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in comparison to omeprazole. In Wistar rats, gastric ulcers were induced using one oral dose of 70% ethanol (5 ml/kg b. w.) Cinnamon oil at doses of 2.5 ml/kg body weight and omeprazole (a reference drug) at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight were orally administrated daily for 7 days before ulcer induction. 1 h after ethanol administration blood samples were collected and then the stomachs of sacrificed rats were subjected to biochemical, macroscopic and histological, and immunohistochemical studies. Oral administration of cinnamon oil significantly attenuated gastric ulcer as revealed by a significant increase in the gastric levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants namely CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, and GSH with a concomitant reduction in MDA level compared with those in the ethanol group. Pre-treatment of cinnamon oil markedly improved the level of TNF-α and PGE content. Furthermore, cinnamon oil pre-treatment significantly increased the immunoreactivity of VEGF while decreasing the immunoreactivity of COX-II. These results were further supported by histopathological findings which revealed the curing effect of cinnamon oil on the microscopic changes induced by ethanol toxicity. Cinnamon oil showed a potential gastroprotective effect on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer comparable to the gastroprotective effect of omeprazole, and its effect may be mediated through suppression of oxidative stress and gastric inflammation and promotion of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samraa Hussein Abdel-Kawi
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Khalid Shaaban Hashem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marina Kamel Saad
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Gaber Fekry
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Abdel-Hamed AR, Abo-Elmatty DM, Essawy SS, Taha MA, Huwait EA, Alghamdi L, AL-Ghamdi MA. Antisecretory and antioxidative effects of the antidepressants fluvoxamine and mirtazapine on water immersion stress and pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022; 16:25-34. [PMID: 35599943 PMCID: PMC9092539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although there are numerous drugs available for the treatment of gastric ulcers (GU), these drugs are not always effective. Antidepressant medications have been used for a variety of non-psychiatric indications, including antiulcer activity in various ulcer models. The purpose of this study was to compare the antiulcer effects of fluvoxamine and mirtazapine in two rat GU experimental models and to determine their relationship to antioxidant and antisecretory mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiulcer activities of various doses of fluvoxamine and mirtazapine on water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) and pyloric ligation-induced GU in rats have been studied against the positive control antiulcer drug famotidine. Various oxidative stress markers were evaluated. RESULTS Fluvoxamine and mirtazapine significantly protected against WIRS and pyloric ligation-induced gastric lesions, as evidenced by a dose-dependent decrease in ulcer index, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation, and an increase in prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide (NO), and reduced glutathione levels, as well as increased antioxidant enzyme activity. In the pyloric ligation model, fluvoxamine and mirtazapine improved GU more than famotidine. Furthermore, a 30 mg/kg dose of mirtazapine significantly improves both NO levels and MPO activity compared to famotidine. CONCLUSIONS The results highlighted the relationship in correlating the antiulcer effect of drugs from different antidepressant classes across two animal GU models, implying that antidepressants that affected both norepinephrine and serotonin levels (mirtazapine) had a more potent antiulcer effect in WIRS-induced gastric model than drugs that only affected serotonin levels (fluvoxamine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa R. Abdel-Hamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dina M. Abo-Elmatty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Soha S. Essawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Taha
- Medical Service Company, Ismailia, Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Etimad A. Huwait
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena Alghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam A. AL-Ghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Maryam A. Al-Ghamdi, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah - 21589, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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Santos MDO, Camilo CJ, Macedo JGF, Lacerda MNSD, Lopes CMU, Rodrigues AYF, Costa JGMD, Souza MMDA. Copaifera langsdorffii Desf.: A chemical and pharmacological review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ajuka Obasi N, Aloke C, Obasi SE, Ogbonnia Egwu C, Clement Famurewa A, Nkemjika Ogbu P. Protective effects of Dialium guineense pulp on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury in albino rats. J Appl Biomed 2021; 19:170-178. [PMID: 34907760 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The numerous challenges and detrimental effects connected with the treatment of peptic ulcers in the world today calls for alternative attention. Ethnomedicinally, Dialium guineense pulp (DAGP) has numerous pharmacological activities. This study investigated the anti-ulcer activities of Dialium guineense pulp on gastric mucosa injury induced with aspirin in albino Wistar rats. DAGP extract was orally administered at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw (mg per kg of the body weight) per day for 3 or 7 days followed by 400 mg/kg bw oral aspirin administration. Ulcer indices were determined, followed by a biochemical estimation of antioxidant enzymes using gastric mucosal tissue from the stomach. Student's t-test was used to compare significant differences among groups of animals at P ≤ 0.05. The results showed that Dialium guineense pulp caused a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the ulcer index in aspirin induced rats. This decrease in ulcer index is dose dependent and 1000 mg/kg bw per day caused the highest decrease in 7 days. The results showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in lipid peroxidation and a decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in antioxidant enzymes activities in the aspirin-induced ulcerated rats. Oral administration of DAGP increased antioxidant enzymes activities and decreased injury in the gastric mucosa in ulcer induced rats. Therefore, this study showed that DAGP exhibited anti-ulcer potential and that the gastrointestinal protection may be through the scavenging action of free radicals by its constituent antioxidants. Thus, Dialium guineense pulp has ameliorative medicinal potential for the curing of gastric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nwogo Ajuka Obasi
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Chinyere Aloke
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Stella Eberechukwu Obasi
- Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic Unwana, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Unwana, Nigeria
| | - Chinedu Ogbonnia Egwu
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ikwo, Nigeria.,Paul Sabatier University Toulouse III, Department of Biochemistry, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Patience Nkemjika Ogbu
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ikwo, Nigeria
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Özdemir Z, Karakurt A, Taşlidere E, Vardi N, Alagöz MA, Parlakpinar H, Uslu H, Bağ HG. Histological assessment of liver and stomach damage caused by pyridazinone derivative antidepressant agents. Biotech Histochem 2021; 97:355-362. [PMID: 34842474 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2021.1999499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious psychological disorder that affects a significant population. We investigated the antidepressant activities of four pyridazinone derivatives that contain the hydrazide moiety using the forced swimming test (FST). The compounds tested exhibited good antidepressant activity compared to duloxetine. The most promising compound was compound 2, which reduced the duration of immobility during FST. The toxic effects of the four compounds on the histomorphology of the liver and stomach tissue also was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Özdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Arzu Karakurt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Elif Taşlidere
- Department of Embryology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Nigar Vardi
- Department of Embryology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Abdullah Alagöz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Harun Uslu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vocational School of Health Services, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Harika Gözükara Bağ
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Edinoff AN, Akuly HA, Hanna TA, Ochoa CO, Patti SJ, Ghaffar YA, Kaye AD, Viswanath O, Urits I, Boyer AG, Cornett EM, Kaye AM. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Adverse Effects: A Narrative Review. Neurol Int 2021; 13:387-401. [PMID: 34449705 PMCID: PMC8395812 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint13030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the world, affecting 4.4% of the global population. Despite an array of treatment modalities, depressive disorders remain difficult to manage due to many factors. Beginning with the introduction of fluoxetine to the United States in 1988, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) quickly became a mainstay of treatment for a variety of psychiatric disorders. The primary mechanism of action of SSRIs is to inhibit presynaptic reuptake of serotonin at the serotonin transporter, subsequently increasing serotonin at the postsynaptic membrane in the serotonergic synapse. The six major SSRIs that are marketed in the USA today, fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, paroxetine, sertraline, and fluvoxamine, are a group of structurally unrelated molecules that share a similar mechanism of action. While their primary mechanism of action is similar, each SSRI has unique pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and side effect profile. One of the more controversial adverse effects of SSRIs is the black box warning for increased risk of suicidality in children and young adults aged 18–24. There is a lack of understanding of the complexities and interactions between SSRIs in the developing brain of a young person with depression. Adults, who do not have certain risk factors, which could be confounding factors, do not seem to carry this increased risk of suicidality. Ultimately, when prescribing SSRIs to any patient, a risk–benefit analysis must factor in the potential treatment effects, adverse effects, and dangers of the illness to be treated. The aim of this review is to educate clinicians on potential adverse effects of SSRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N. Edinoff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (H.A.A.); (T.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(318)-675-8969
| | - Haseeb A. Akuly
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (H.A.A.); (T.A.H.)
| | - Tony A. Hanna
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (H.A.A.); (T.A.H.)
| | - Carolina O. Ochoa
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (C.O.O.); (S.J.P.); (Y.A.G.)
| | - Shelby J. Patti
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (C.O.O.); (S.J.P.); (Y.A.G.)
| | - Yahya A. Ghaffar
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (C.O.O.); (S.J.P.); (Y.A.G.)
| | - Alan D. Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (A.D.K.); (I.U.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Omar Viswanath
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68124, USA
- Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants—Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Ivan Urits
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (A.D.K.); (I.U.); (E.M.C.)
- Southcoast Physicians Group Pain Medicine, Southcoast Health, Wareham, MA 02571, USA
| | - Andrea G. Boyer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29464, USA;
| | - Elyse M. Cornett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (A.D.K.); (I.U.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Adam M. Kaye
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA;
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Elsisi AEE, Sokar SS, Shalaby MF, Abu-Risha SES. Nephroprotective effects of febuxostat and/or mirtazapine against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity through modulation of ERK 1/2, NF-κB and MCP1. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:1039-1050. [PMID: 34030558 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1933435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to evaluate the potential nephroprotective effects of febuxostat, mirtazapine, and their combination against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. METHODS Induction of nephrotoxicity was achieved via gentamicin injection (100 mg/kg, I.P., for 7 days). Two different doses of mirtazapine (15-30 mg/kg), febuxostat (5-10 mg/kg), and their combination were administered daily for 14 days prior to gentamicin injection and then concomitantly with gentamicin for additional 7 days. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated histopathologically and biochemically. Renal caspase-3, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), nuclear factor-kappa-β (NF-κβ), and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) were assayed. RESULTS Febuxostat and mirtazapine significantly (p < 0.05) alleviated biochemical and histopathological alterations that were induced by gentamicin and, for the first time, significantly decreased the renal levels of ERK1/2 and MCP-1. Conclusion: Febuxostat and mirtazapine were found to have a synergistic impact in reducing gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. EXPERT OPINION The utility of nonpurine xanthine oxidase inhibitor, such as febuxostat and mirtazapine are offering a new potential opportunity for the future nephroprotective effects therapy: Febuxostat and mirtazapine are found to have a synergistic impact in reducing gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samia Salem Sokar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Marwa Fouad Shalaby
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Gastroprotective Effects of Inulae Flos on HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235623. [PMID: 33260419 PMCID: PMC7730672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inulae Flos, the flower of Inula britannica L., is used as a dietary supplement, beverage, and medicine in East Asia. In this study, we evaluated the gastroprotective effects of Inulae Flos extract (IFE) against gastric mucosal lesions induced by hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol in rats and explored its potential mechanisms by measuring antioxidant enzyme activity, mucus secretion, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. Pretreatment with IFE at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg significantly inhibited gastric lesions in HCl/ethanol-treated rats. IFE increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the levels of glutathione and PGE2 in gastric tissues. The administration of IFE also significantly increased the gastric wall mucus contents in HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions. These findings suggest that IFE has gastroprotective effects against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions and exerts these effects through increased antioxidant levels and gastric mucus secretion. Inulae Flos may be a promising agent for the prevention and treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcers.
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Almási N, Török S, Valkusz Z, Tajti M, Csonka Á, Murlasits Z, Pósa A, Varga C, Kupai K. Sigma-1 Receptor Engages an Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Feedback Loop Mediated by Peroxiredoxin in Experimental Colitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111081. [PMID: 33158023 PMCID: PMC7692579 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Since the treatment of IBD is still an unresolved issue, we designed our study to investigate the effect of a novel therapeutic target, sigma-1 receptor (σ1R), considering its ability to activate antioxidant molecules. As a model, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to induce colitis in Wistar–Harlan male rats. To test the beneficial effects of σ1R, animals were treated intracolonically (i.c.): (1) separately with an agonist (fluvoxamine (FLV)), (2) with an antagonist of the receptor (BD1063), or (3) as a co-treatment. Our results showed that FLV significantly decreased the severity of inflammation and increased the body weight of the animals. On the contrary, simultaneous treatment of FLV with BD1063 diminished the beneficial effects of FLV. Furthermore, FLV significantly enhanced the levels of glutathione (GSH) and peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) and caused a significant reduction in 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels, the effects of which were abolished by co-treatment with BD1063. Taken together, our results suggest that the activation of σ1R in TNBS-induced colitis through FLV may be a promising therapeutic strategy, and its protective effect seems to involve the antioxidant pathway system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Almási
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.A.); (S.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.)
| | - Szilvia Török
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.A.); (S.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.)
| | - Zsuzsanna Valkusz
- Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.V.); (M.T.)
| | - Máté Tajti
- Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.V.); (M.T.)
| | - Ákos Csonka
- Department of Traumatology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Zsolt Murlasits
- Laboratory Animals Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Anikó Pósa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.A.); (S.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.)
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.A.); (S.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.)
| | - Krisztina Kupai
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (N.A.); (S.T.); (A.P.); (C.V.)
- Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.V.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-6254-4884
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AlKreathy HM, Alghamdi MK, Esmat A. Tetramethylpyrazine ameliorates indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: Impact on oxidative, inflammatory, and angiogenic machineries. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:916-926. [PMID: 32792836 PMCID: PMC7414077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Available antiulcer medications reveal partial efficacy and numerous adverse reactions. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) was known for its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties. The aim of current study was to investigate the potential gastroprotective effect of TMP against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats with possible underlying mechanisms. TMP was tested at 3 doses (15, 30 & 60 mg/kg/d po) three days before indomethacin challenge (25 mg/kg ip). Gastric tissue was evaluated morphologically and histopathologically. Oxidative statuses were assessed via glutathione content (GSH), malondialdhyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) activity, while TNFα and IL-6 were measured as inflammatory mediators. Gastric PGE2 was investigated in addition to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). TMP was effective (at 30 and 60 mg/kg/d) in promoting mucus secretion and preventing histopathologic changes induced by indomethacin. Mechanistically, TMP significantly enhanced GSH content and CAT activity while reducing lipid peroxidation as expressed by MDA concentration. Moreover, TMP effectively reduced TNFα, IL-6 and intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) concentrations. On the other hand, TMP enhanced both COX-1 and PGE2 and encouraged angiogenesis via increasing VEGF expression. In conclusion, TMP possesses a protective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. This could be explained - at least partly - by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda M. AlKreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K. Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Corresponding author at: Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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Yismaw YE, Abdelwuhab M, Ambikar DB, Yismaw AE, Derebe D, Melkam W. Phytochemical and Antiulcer Activity Screening of Seed Extract of Cordia africana Lam (Boraginaceae) in Pyloric Ligated Rats. Clin Pharmacol 2020; 12:67-73. [PMID: 32636685 PMCID: PMC7326687 DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s245672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Peptic ulcer disease represents a worldwide health problem because of its high morbidity, mortality and economic loss. It is a very prevalent condition affecting around 10%–15% of the general population worldwide. Most of the available antiulcer drugs are costly and have an incidence of relapse, drug interactions and several side effects upon chronic usage. Hence, the use of herbal medicine may be safe, economical and effective in such cases when drugs are used for long periods. Ethnobotanical reports showed traditional claims on the use of Cordia africana seeds for the treatment of gastric ulcers. However, the safety and efficacy of these remedies are not well known. The aim of this study is, therefore, to evaluate the antiulcer activity and safety of a crude extract of C. africana seeds in animal models. Methods Shade-dried seeds of C. africana were extracted by 80% methanol and dried by the rotator evaporator and lyophilized. The crude extract was used to evaluate antiulcer activity in vivo with pylorus ligation method, on Wistar albino rats weighing 230–250g. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed using a standard procedure. Acute toxicity study was carried out in Swiss albino mice before antiulcer activity tests. Results No sign of toxicity was observed upon the administration of 2000 mg/kg of the crude extract to mice. Single-dose administration of 400 and 600 mg/kg extract showed a significant reduction in the volume of secretion and acidity of the stomach (p <0.01). The doses 400 and 600 mg/kg have reduced the ulcer score by 83.58% and 88%. Conclusion The result of this study showed that the hydromethanolic crude extract of C. africana has strong antisecretory and ulcer protective activities against ulcers produced by pylorus ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazachew Engida Yismaw
- Bahir Dar University, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Health Science, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammedbrhan Abdelwuhab
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Digambar B Ambikar
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ayenew Engida Yismaw
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Health Science, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dagninet Derebe
- Bahir Dar University, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Health Science, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Wondim Melkam
- Bahir Dar University, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Health Science, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Ștefan MG, Kiss B, Gutleb AC, Loghin F. Redox metabolism modulation as a mechanism in SSRI toxicity and pharmacological effects. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1417-1441. [PMID: 32246176 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Depressive disorders are amongst the greatest mental health challenges, with an increasing number of patients being diagnosed each year. Though it has not yet been fully elucidated, redox metabolism imbalances and oxidative stress seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most prescribed antidepressants, considered to have a better tolerability. However, several adverse effects have been reported and the mechanisms involved in their pharmacological activity are not entirely understood. SSRIs have been shown to influence the redox metabolism, which could be involved in their toxicity and pharmacological effects. A comparative analysis of published in vivo and in vitro data regarding the activity of SSRIs on the redox metabolism pathways has been performed in this paper, with an emphasis on mechanistical aspects. Furthermore, a comparison between oxidative stress biomarker levels reported by different studies was attempted. The reviewed data point towards both pro- and antioxidant effects of SSRIs, dependent on tissue/cell type and dose/concentration, suggest a redox modulating potential of these compounds. In hepatic and testicular tissue, the majority of reviewed studies reported pro-oxidant effects, with possible implications towards the hepatotoxicity and sexual dysfunction that were reported following SSRI treatment; while in brain, the most common findings were antioxidant effects that could partially explain their antidepressant activity. However, given the heterogeneity of the reviewed data, further research is needed to fully understand the impact of SSRIs on redox metabolism and its implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Georgia Ștefan
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Béla Kiss
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Environmental Health Group, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Felicia Loghin
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Saadaoui N, Weslati A, Barkaoui T, Khemiri I, Gadacha W, Souli A, Mokni M, Harbi M, Ben-Attia M. Gastroprotective effect of leaf extract of two varieties grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) native wild and cultivar grown in North of Tunisia against the oxidative stress induced by ethanol in rats. Biomarkers 2019; 25:48-61. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1691266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Saadaoui
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Department of Life Sciences, Bizerta Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Asma Weslati
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Department of Life Sciences, Bizerta Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Taha Barkaoui
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Unit (UR17ES20), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, Carthage University, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Ikram Khemiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Gadacha
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Department of Life Sciences, Bizerta Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Abdelaziz Souli
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Department of Life Sciences, Bizerta Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Mokni
- Department of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mounira Harbi
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Institute of Agricultural Research of Tunisia, INRAT, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mossadok Ben-Attia
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Department of Life Sciences, Bizerta Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
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Chojnacki C, Popławski T, Błońska A, Błasiak J, Romanowski M, Chojnacki J. Expression of tryptophan hydroxylase in gastric mucosa in symptomatic and asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori infection. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:416-423. [PMID: 30899295 PMCID: PMC6425205 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.76928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori infection induces clinical symptoms in 15-20% of subjects, and the reason for this variation is still not clear. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase (TpH-1) in gastric mucosa of patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic H. pylori infection in relation to the intensity of bacterial colonization and severity of dyspeptic symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety subjects (aged 35-49 years) were enrolled in the study and separated into 3 groups of 30 subjects each. Group I - healthy volunteers without H. pylori infection, group II - subjects with asymptomatic H. pylori infection, group III - H. pylori-infected patients with dyspeptic symptoms, mainly fasting and nocturnal epigastric pain. To diagnose H. pylori infection the urea breath test (UBT-13C) and histological analysis were performed. The level of mRNA expression of tryptophan hydroxylase (TpH-1) was estimated in gastric mucosa with RT-PCR. RESULTS The expression of this enzyme in antral mucosa was 2.69 ±0.97 in group I, 2.28 ±0.69 in group II (p > 0.05) and 4.40 ±1.64 in group III (p < 0.001). The levels of expression of TpH-1 in gastric body mucosa were 2.16 ±0.70, 1.57 ±0.52 (p > 0.05) and 3.40 ±1.51 (p < 0.001), respectively. In group III a positive correlation was found between intensity of H. pylori colonization and TpH-1 expression as well as between TpH-1 expression and severity of dyspeptic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Increased expression of TpH-1 in gastric mucosa plays a role in pathogenesis of chronic dyspepsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Popławski
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Błońska
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Błasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Romanowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Khotib J, Rahmadi M, Ardianto C, Nisak K, Oktavia R, Ratnasari A, Dinintia Y, Shinta DW, Aryani T. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluvoxamine ameliorates stress- and NSAID-induced peptic ulcer possibly by involving Hsp70. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 30:195-203. [PMID: 30730837 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have recently become potential candidates for a new therapeutic approach to ulcer and gastric bleeding. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) plays an important role in cellular resistance to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, there is lack of evidence that fluvoxamine recruits Hsp70 to affect stress-induced gastric ulcer. Therefore, we investigated the effect of fluvoxamine on NSAID- and stress-induced gastric ulcer and the possible involvement of Hsp70. Methods ICR mice were used in the study. Stress induction was made by the water-immersion-plus-restraint method. NSAID-induced gastric ulcer was produced by oral administration of indomethacin. Fluvoxamine was given orally 30 min before stress induction and indomethacin treatment. Results Stress and indomethacin treatment significantly increased the ulcer index and intraluminal bleeding score. Stress and indomethacin treatment also significantly increased the expression of Hsp70. Fluvoxamine significantly decreased the ulcer index and intraluminal bleeding in both ulcer models. Moreover, fluvoxamine further increased the expression of Hsp70 in the gastric tissue of stress- and indomethacin-treated mice. Conclusions Our results indicate that fluvoxamine may have a protective effect against stress- as well as NSAID-induced gastric ulcer. In addition, the present study suggests the possible involvement of Hsp70 in the amelioration of gastric ulcer by fluvoxamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mahardian Rahmadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia, Phone: +62 82233209135, Office: +62 31 5033710, Fax: +62 31 5020514
| | - Khoirotin Nisak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rianur Oktavia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ayu Ratnasari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yunita Dinintia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Wara Shinta
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Toetik Aryani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Amelioration of Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats Pretreated with Phycobiliproteins of Arthrospira ( Spirulina) Maxima. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060763. [PMID: 29899291 PMCID: PMC6024796 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycobiliproteins of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima have attracted attention because of their potential therapeutic antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to assess the possible antiulcerogenic activity of these phycobiliproteins (ExPhy) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. To explore the possible mechanisms of action, we examined antioxidant defense enzymes (e.g., catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase), as well as the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and the histopathological changes in the gastric mucosa. Intragastric administration of ExPhy (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight) significantly lowered the ulcer index value compared to the ulcer control group (p < 0.05). The greatest protection was provided by the concentration of 400 mg/kg. The histological study supported the observed gastroprotective activity of ExPhy, showing a reduced inflammatory response. Moreover, the alcohol-induced decrease in stomach antioxidant enzyme activity found in the ulcer control group was prevented by ExPhy pretreatment. Furthermore, ExPhy reversed the ethanol-induced increase in lipid peroxidation. In summary, the antiulcerogenic potential of ExPhy may be due, at least in part, to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Elsaed WM, Alahmadi AM, Al-Ahmadi BT, Taha JA, Tarabishi RM. Gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of fluvoxamine on stress-induced peptic ulcer in rats. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2018; 13:422-431. [PMID: 31555068 PMCID: PMC6708076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Stress-induced peptic ulcer disease (SPUD) refers to erosions in the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract that are caused by stress. Some antidepressants are reported to have antioxidant and antiulcer effects. However, histopathological and biochemical evaluation of the anti-ulcer activity of a comparable antidepressant, fluvoxamine, has not been adequately investigated. This study aims to determine the anti-ulcer efficacy of fluvoxamine in reducing stress-induced histopathological and biochemical changes in the gastric mucosa. Methods Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each: the control groups, the SPUD group, and the fluvoxamine-pre-treated group, which received fluvoxamine for eight days before stress exposure. The cold-restraint stress method was used to induce stomach ulcers in the SPUD and fluvoxamine groups. Afterward, the stomachs of rats were removed, opened, and ulcer indices were calculated. Light microscopy was performed following haematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff's, Masson's trichrome staining, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining. Gastric tissue levels of oxidative stress markers were measured and compared among groups. Results The stomachs of the fluvoxamine-treated rats showed a significantly lower number of ulcers with minimal mucosal injury compared with those of rats from the SPUD group. The oxidative stress marker levels and SPUD ulcer indices were significantly different among groups. Conclusion Fluvoxamine pre-treatment exerted a gastroprotective effect against ulcer development and promoted healing of the developed lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M Elsaed
- Anatomy & Embryology Department, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA.,Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | - Jumana A Taha
- College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA
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Li J, Wang T, Zhu Z, Yang F, Cao L, Gao J. Structure Features and Anti-Gastric Ulcer Effects of Inulin-Type Fructan CP-A from the Roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122258. [PMID: 29258255 PMCID: PMC6149740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Codonopsis has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for strengthening the immune system, improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis and so on. In the present study, an inulin-type fructan CP-A was obtained from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. and its structure was confirmed by MS and NMR as (2 → 1) linked-β-d-fructofuranose. The protective effects of CP-A against ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer in rats were intensively investigated. A Lacy assay demonstrated that CP-A-treated group (50 mg/kg) showed the gastric damage level 1, which was similar to the positive control group, while the model group exhibited the gastric damage level 3. The Guth assay demonstrated that the mucosa ulcer index for CP-A groups at the doses of 50 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg significantly decreased compared with that in the model group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, CP-A significantly increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, and decreased the contents of MDA and NO, and the activity of MPO in gastric tissue in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The present research reported for the first time that inulin-type fructan CP-A were likely the potential component in Radix Codonopsis for treatment of acute gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Zhichuan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Fengrong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Lingya Cao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Jianping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Dallé E, Daniels WM, Mabandla MV. Fluvoxamine maleate normalizes striatal neuronal inflammatory cytokine activity in a Parkinsonian rat model associated with depression. Behav Brain Res 2017; 316:189-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Sousa WM, Silva RO, Bezerra FF, Bingana RD, Barros FCN, Costa LE, Sombra VG, Soares PM, Feitosa JP, de Paula RC, Souza MH, Barbosa ALR, Freitas ALP. Sulfated polysaccharide fraction from marine algae Solieria filiformis : Structural characterization, gastroprotective and antioxidant effects. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 152:140-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Arzi A, Sistani Karampour N, Rezaei A, Gholamhoseyni A. Histopathological Study of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Terminalia catappa Leaves in Treatment of Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-38019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Syzygium aromaticum water extract attenuates ethanol‑induced gastric injury through antioxidant effects in rats. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:361-6. [PMID: 27177078 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Syzygium aromaticum water extract (SAWE) has a protective effect against ethanol‑induced gastric injury in rats. Acute gastric injury was induced via intragastric administration of absolute ethanol at a dose of 5 ml/kg. SAWE (250 or 500 mg/kg/day) or cimetidine (100 mg/kg/day), which was used as a positive control, were administered to the rats 2 h prior to ethanol administration for 3 days. All rats were sacrificed 24 h following the final ethanol administration. To examine whether SAWE has a gastroprotective effect, assays were performed to assess the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), the activities of catalase, glutathione‑S‑transferase and superoxide dismutase, and an immune-linked immunosorbent assay was performed for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in gastric tissues by hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining. Histological assessment of the gastric wall was performed. Compared with ethanol treatment alone, treatment with SAWE at a dose of 250 mg/kg/day significantly decreased the gastric MDA content and increased the GSH content, catalase activity, and production of gastric PGE2. Histological assessment showed that SAWE attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration and the loss of epithelial cells. These findings suggested that SAWE protected against ethanol‑induced gastric mucosal injury in the rats. These effects appeared to be associated with antioxidant activity, activation of the production of PGE2, suppression of inflammatory cell infiltration and loss of epithelial cells in the gastric mucosa. Collectively, SAWE may be beneficial in the prevention of gastric disease associated to oxidative stress.
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Salem Sokar S, Elsayed Elsayad M, Sabri Ali H. Serotonin and histamine mediate gastroprotective effect of fluoxetine against experimentally-induced ulcers in rats. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:638-51. [PMID: 27000965 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2016.1145158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in the treatment of gastric ulcer has involved the investigation of new alternatives, such as anti-depressant drugs. The present study was designed to investigate the gastroprotective effects of fluoxetine against indomethacin and alcohol induced gastric ulcers in rats and the potential mechanisms of that effect. Fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) was administered IP for 14 days. For comparative purposes, other rats were treated with ranitidine (30 mg/kg). Thereafter, after 24 h of fasting, INDO (100 mg/kg) or absolute alcohol (5 ml/kg) was administered to all rats (saline was administered to naïve controls) and rats in each group were sacrificed 5 h (for INDO rats) or 1 h (for alcohol rats) later. Macroscopic examination revealed that both fluoxetine and ranitidine decreased ulcer scores in variable ratios, which was supported by microscopic histopathological examination. Biochemical analysis of fluoxetine- or ranitidine-pre-treated host tissues demonstrated reductions in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and concomitant increases in gastric pH, nitric oxide (NO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents. Fluoxetine, more than ranitidine, also resulted in serotonin and histamine levels nearest to control values. Moreover, immuno-histochemical analysis showed that fluoxetine markedly enhanced expression of cyclo-oxygenases COX-1 and COX-2 in both models; in comparison, ranitidine did not affect COX-1 expression in either ulcer model but caused moderate increases in COX-2 expression in INDO-induced hosts and high expression in alcohol-induced hosts. The results here indicated fluoxetine exhibited better gastroprotective effects than ranitidine and this could be due to anti-secretory, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-histaminic effects of the drug, as well as a stabilization of gastric serotonin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Salem Sokar
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tanta University , Egypt
| | - Mageda Elsayed Elsayad
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tanta University , Egypt
| | - Hend Sabri Ali
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Tanta University , Egypt
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Song JW, Seo CS, Kim TI, Moon OS, Won YS, Son HY, Son JK, Kwon HJ. Protective Effects of Manassantin A against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 39:221-9. [PMID: 26632199 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Manassantin A, a neolignan isolated from Saururus chinensis, is a major phytochemical compound that has various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, neuroleptic, and human acyl-CoA : cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitory activities. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of manassantin A against ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in rats. Gastric injury was induced by intragastric administration of 5 mL/kg body weight of absolute ethanol to each rat. The positive control group and the manassantin A group were given oral doses of omeprazole (20 mg/kg) or manassantin A (15 mg/kg), respectively, 1 h prior to the administration of absolute ethanol. Our examinations revealed that manassantin A pretreatment reduced ethanol-induced hemorrhage, hyperemia, and epithelial cell loss in the gastric mucosa. Manassantin A pretreatment also attenuated the increased lipid peroxidation associated with ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions, increased the mucosal glutathione (GSH) content, and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were clearly decreased in the manassantin A-pretreated group. In addition, manassantin A pretreatment enhanced the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and reduced the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) overproduction and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation. Collectively, these results indicate that manassantin A protects the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced acute gastric injury, and suggest that these protective effects might be associated with COX/PGE2 stimulation, inhibition of iNOS production and NF-κB activation, and improvements in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Song
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University
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Antidepressants and Gastric Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143668. [PMID: 26606417 PMCID: PMC4659600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To our knowledge, no epidemiological study has reported on whether an association between antidepressant exposure and gastric cancer exists. Herein, we aim to investigate the possible association between antidepressant exposure and gastric cancer incidence. METHODS Using a nested case-control design, we identified 26289 cases with gastric cancer and 127984 controls from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). The data were analyzed using a conditional logistic regression model adjusting for possible confounding variables. RESULTS We found antidepressant use did not increase the risk of gastric cancer. The lack of an association between antidepressant prescription and elevated gastric cancer incidence was apparent for across selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic agents (TCAs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA), trazodone, mirtazapine and bupropion. There were slightly decreased gastric cancer risks of SSRIs use (≧28 DDD group, adjusted OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.78-0.96). Sensitive analysis showed SSRIs, TCAs, and SNRIs did not increase gastric cancer risks significantly even in the group with peptic ulcer history. CONCLUSIONS An association between antidepressant exposure and gastric cancer was not apparent in this analysis.
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Zaghlool SS, Shehata BA, Abo-Seif AA, Abd El-Latif HA. Protective effects of ginger and marshmallow extracts on indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer in rats. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2015; 6:421-8. [PMID: 26283843 PMCID: PMC4518423 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.160026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric ulcer is one of the most serious diseases. Most classic treatment lines produce adverse drug reactions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the protective effects of two natural extracts, namely ginger and marshmallow extracts, on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Materials and Methods: Animals were divided into five groups; a normal control group, an ulcer control group, and three treatment groups receiving famotidine (20 mg/kg), ginger (100 mg/kg), and marshmallow (100 mg/kg). Treatments were given orally on a daily basis for 14 days prior to a single intra-peritoneal administration of indomethacin (20 mg/kg). Results: Indomethacin administration resulted in significant ulcerogenic effect evidenced by significant elevations in ulcer number, ulcer index, and blood superoxide dismutase activity accompanied by significant decreases in gastric mucosal nitric oxide and glutathione levels. In addition, elevations in gastric mucosal lipid peroxides and histamine content were observed. Alternatively, pretreatment with famotidine, ginger or marshmallow significantly corrected macroscopic and biochemical findings, supported microscopically by results of histopathological study. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that administration of either ginger or marshmallow extract could protect against indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer in rats presumably via their antioxidant properties and inhibition of histamine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S Zaghlool
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Basim A Shehata
- Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ali A Abo-Seif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hekma A Abd El-Latif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA
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Nordin N, Salama SM, Golbabapour S, Hajrezaie M, Hassandarvish P, Kamalidehghan B, Majid NA, Hashim NM, Omar H, Fadaienasab M, Karimian H, Taha H, Ali HM, Abdulla MA. Anti-ulcerogenic effect of methanolic extracts from Enicosanthellum pulchrum (King) Heusden against ethanol-induced acute gastric lesion in animal models. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111925. [PMID: 25379712 PMCID: PMC4224391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A natural source of medicine, Enicosanthellum pulchrum is a tropical plant which belongs to the family Annonaceae. In this study, methanol extract from the leaves and stems of this species was evaluated for its gastroprotective potential against mucosal lesions induced by ethanol in rats. Seven groups of rats were assigned, groups 1 and 2 were given Tween 20 (10% v/v) orally. Group 3 was administered omeprazole 20 mg/kg (10% Tween 20) whilst the remaining groups received the leaf and stem extracts at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. After an additional hour, the rats in groups 2-7 received ethanol (95% v/v; 8 mL/kg) orally while group 1 received Tween 20 (10% v/v) instead. Rats were sacrificed after 1 h and their stomachs subjected to further studies. Macroscopically and histologically, group 2 rats showed extremely severe disruption of the gastric mucosa compared to rats pre-treated with the E. pulchrum extracts based on the ulcer index, where remarkable protection was noticed. Meanwhile, a significant percentage of inhibition was shown with the stem extract at 62% (150 mg/kg) and 65% (300 mg/kg), whilst the percentage with the leaf extract at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg was 63% and 75%, respectively. An increase in mucus content, nitric oxide, glutathione, prostaglandin E2, superoxide dismutase, protein and catalase, and a decrease in malondialdehyde level compared to group 2 were also obtained. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of groups 4-7 exhibited down-regulation of Bax and up-regulation of Hsp70 proteins. The methanol extract from the leaves and the stems showed notable gastroprotective potential against ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraziah Nordin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzy Munir Salama
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahram Golbabapour
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajrezaie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Behnam Kamalidehghan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Najihah Mohd Hashim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanita Omar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center of Foundation Studies in Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mehran Fadaienasab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hairin Taha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Jeon WY, Shin IS, Shin HK, Lee MY. Gastroprotective effect of the traditional herbal medicine, Sipjeondaebo-tang water extract, against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:373. [PMID: 25280763 PMCID: PMC4193290 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Sipjeondaebo-tang, a traditional herbal medicine, has been reported to activate the immune response. Although, most research has focused on its anticancer activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Sipjeondaebo-tang exerts antioxidant activity against ethanol-induced gastric injury. Methods Gastric mucosal injury was induced by the oral administration of absolute ethanol at 5 mL/kg to rats after 18 h fast. Sipjeondaebo-tang water extract (SDTW; 200 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to rats 2 h before the oral administration of absolute ethanol. Gastric mucosal injury was evaluated by measuring the gastric injury, such as extent of lesions, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, glutathione (GSH) content and activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase in stomach tissue. Results Oral administration of SDTW markedly decreased the damage by conditioning the gastric mucosa such as hemorrhage, hyperemia. Pretreatment with SDTW significantly reduced MDA concentration and significantly increased GSH content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. In an acute toxicity study, no adverse effects of SDTW were observed at doses up to 5000 mg/kg/day. Conclusions SDTW may protect the gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury. These results suggested that SDTW might also play an important role in the gastroprotection based on their antioxidant effect.
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Norizadeh Tazehkand M, Topaktas M. Thein vitrogenotoxic and cytotoxic effects of remeron on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014; 38:266-71. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2014.947425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Asmari AA, Arshaduddin M, Elfaki I, Kadasah S, Robayan AA, Asmary SA. Aripiprazole an atypical antipsychotic protects against ethanol induced gastric ulcers in rats. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:2031-2044. [PMID: 25232384 PMCID: PMC4161544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken, to study the gastro-protective potential of aripiprazole (ARI) an atypical antipsychotic drug in ethanol induced gastric ulcers in rats. ARI (10, 30, 100 mg/kg) was tested for gastric secretion and antiulcer activity in different groups of male Sprague Dawley rats. Gastric secretion and acidity studies were performed in pylorus ligated rats while indices of gastric ulcers were measured in ethanol (1 ml-100%) induced gastric ulcers. Histological changes and the levels of gastric wall mucus, malondialdehyde (MDA), non-protein sulfhydryls (NP-SH), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and serotonin were used to assess ethanol induced gastric mucosal injuries. Exposure of rats to ethanol resulted in gastric mucosal injury and a high index of ulcer. Pretreatment with ARI significantly (P < 0.001), reduced the gastric lesions induced by ethanol and also resulted in a significant decrease in the gastric secretion, and total acidity in pylorus ligated rats. ARI also significantly attenuated the ethanol induced reduction in the levels of gastric wall mucus, and NP-SH (P < 0.001). The histological changes and the increased MDA and MPO activity were also significantly (P < 0.001) inhibited by ARI. Ethanol induced depletion in the levels of serotonin in the gastric tissue were also significantly restored by pretreatment with ARI (p < 0.001). ARI showed significant antiulcer and gastroprotective activity against ethanol induced gastric ulcers. The gastroprotective effects of ARI may be due to its anti-secretory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action and also due to the restoration of the depleted gastric serotonin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ibrahim Elfaki
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Kadasah
- Department of Psychiatry, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saeed Al Asmary
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Oliveira FDA, Andrade LN, de Sousa EBV, de Sousa DP. Anti-ulcer activity of essential oil constituents. Molecules 2014; 19:5717-47. [PMID: 24802985 PMCID: PMC6290561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19055717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils have attracted considerable worldwide attention over the last few decades. These natural products have wide-ranging pharmacological activities and biotechnological applications. Faced with the need to find new anti-ulcer agents and the great effort on the development of drugs for the treatment of ulcers, in this review, the anti-ulcer activities of 21 bioactive compounds found in essential oils are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Nalone Andrade
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Farmácia, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil
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Abstract
Gastric epithelium is the first significant barrier between the inner body and the potentially toxic material in the lumen. Nutrients affect gastric barrier continuously--alcohol, coffee, spices, salted food, etc. Also, very potent noxious agents are widely prescribed drugs--nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Helicobacter pylori is a well-known and well-investigated pathogen associated with serious gastric damage and gastric carcinoma. For its defense and maintenance of homeostasis and integrity, except acid secretion and maintenance of low luminal pH, gastric mucosa also has a specific structure, and its function is influenced by different control mechanisms. These include control of mucosal blood flow, control of mucus and bicarbonate secretion, constant cell renewal, and neuronal and hormonal control of defense mechanisms. These mechanisms are mediated by prostaglandins, nitric oxide, growth factors, heat-shock proteins and a neuropeptide called calcitonin gene-related protein. Adrenal glucocorticoids and the central nervous system also play an important role in regulating gastro-protection, especially hypothalamus and the dorsal vagal complex. Gastric mucosa is also an important component of the body's immune system and gut-associated lymphoid tissue which serves as the initiation site for antigen-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Treatment options for gastric barrier dysfunction and damage due to aforementioned noxious agents are guided by the nature of damage and our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Currently, management is guideline driven and depends upon eradication treatment in patients infected with H. pylori and treatment or prevention of aspirin or NSAID ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Niv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Bilici M, Cayir K, Tekin SB, Gundogdu C, Albayrak A, Suleyman B, Ozogul B, Erdemci B, Suleyman H. Effect of mirtazapine on MNNG-induced gastric adenocarcinoma in rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:4897-900. [PMID: 23244077 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.10.4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, anticancer effects of mirtazapine on rats were investigated in an adenocarcinoma model induced by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and compared with those of cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this purpose, 10 mg/kg doses of mirtazapine were administered orally to one group of rats, while 1 mg/kg doses of cisplatin were administered intraperitoneally to another group. At 1 hour after administration, 200 mg/kg doses of MNNG were given orally to both groups. MNNG administration was repeated once every 10 days through 3 months, after which period, gastric tissue was taken and pathologically evaluated. RESULTS Mirtazapine prevented adenocarcinoma induction by MNNG in rats to a greater extent than cisplatin. Some of the rats receiving cisplatin demonstrated severe dysplasia in gastric samples and others exhibited mild dysplasia. Rats given mirtazapine were not observed to suffer severe dysplasia, only mild dysplasia being observed. CONCLUSION For adenocarcinoma induced by MNNG on rats, mirtazapine was determined more effective than cisplatin. In order to make statement about mechanism of anticancer activity of mirtazapine, wider studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Bilici
- Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Acute toxicity and gastroprotective role of M. pruriens in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:974185. [PMID: 23781513 PMCID: PMC3678452 DOI: 10.1155/2013/974185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The investigation was to evaluate gastroprotective effects of ethanolic extract of M. pruriens leaves on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries in rats. Forty-eight rats were divided into 8 groups: negative control, extract control, ulcer control, reference control, and four experimental groups. As a pretreatment, the negative control and the ulcer control groups were orally administered carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The reference control was administered omeprazole orally (20 mg/kg). The ethanolic extract of M. pruriens leaves was given orally to the extract control group (500 mg/kg) and the experimental groups (62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg). After 1 h, CMC was given orally to the negative and the extract control groups. The other groups received absolute ethanol. The rats were sacrificed after 1 h. The ulcer control group exhibited significant mucosal injuries with decreased gastric wall mucus and severe damage to the gastric mucosa. The extract caused upregulation of Hsp70 protein, downregulation of Bax protein, and intense periodic acid schiff uptake of glandular portion of stomach. Gastric mucosal homogenate showed significant antioxidant properties with increase in synthesis of PGE2, while MDA was significantly decreased. The ethanolic extract of M. pruriens leaves was nontoxic (<5 g/kg) and could enhance defensive mechanisms against hemorrhagic mucosal lesions.
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Al Batran R, Al-Bayaty F, Jamil Al-Obaidi MM, Abdualkader AM, Hadi HA, Ali HM, Abdulla MA. In vivo antioxidant and antiulcer activity of Parkia speciosa ethanolic leaf extract against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64751. [PMID: 23724090 PMCID: PMC3665813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was carried out to examine the gastroprotective effects of Parkia speciosa against ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury in rats. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Sprague Dawley rats were separated into 7 groups. Groups 1-2 were orally challenged with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); group 3 received 20 mg/kg omeprazole and groups 4-7 received 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of ethanolic leaf extract, respectively. After 1 h, CMC or absolute ethanol was given orally to groups 2-7. The rats were sacrificed after 1 h. Then, the injuries to the gastric mucosa were estimated through assessment of the gastric wall mucus, the gross appearance of ulcer areas, histology, immunohistochemistry and enzymatic assays. Group 2 exhibited significant mucosal injuries, with reduced gastric wall mucus and severe damage to the gastric mucosa, whereas reductions in mucosal injury were observed for groups 4-7. Groups 3-7 demonstrated a reversal in the decrease in Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining induced by ethanol. No symptoms of toxicity or death were observed during the acute toxicity tests. CONCLUSION Treatment with the extract led to the upregulation of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and the downregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein BAX. Significant increases in the levels of the antioxidant defense enzymes glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the gastric mucosal homogenate were observed, whereas that of a lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) was significantly decreased. Significance was defined as p<0.05 compared to the ulcer control group (Group 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Al Batran
- Center of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Technology MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fouad Al-Bayaty
- Center of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Technology MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mazen M. Jamil Al-Obaidi
- Center of Studies for Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Technology MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Hamid A. Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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A. Ketuly K, A. Hadi AH, Golbabapour S, Hajrezaie M, Hassandarvish P, Ali HM, Majid NA, Abdulla MA. Acute toxicity and gastroprotection studies with a newly synthesized steroid. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59296. [PMID: 23516624 PMCID: PMC3596355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic steroids, such as 9α-bromobeclomethasonedipropionate, have shown gastroprotective activity. For example, the potent glucocorticoid steroid, beclomethasone dipropionate, has been used for treatment of bowel ulcerations. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a synthetic steroid, (20S)-22-acetoxymethyl-6β-methoxy-3α,5-dihydro-3'H-cyclopropa[3α,5]-5α-pregnane (AMDCP), on ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injuries in rats. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING Rats were divided into 8 groups. The negative control and ethanol control groups were administered Tween 20 (10%v/v) orally. The reference control group, 20 mg/kg omeprazole (10% Tween 20, 5 mL/kg), was administrated orally. The experimental groups received 1, 5, 10, 15 or 20 mg/kg of the AMDCP compound (10% Tween 20, 5 mL/kg). After 60 min, Tween 20 and absolute ethanol was given orally (5 mL/kg) to the negative control group and to the rest of the groups, and the rats were sacrificed an hour later. The acidity of gastric content, gastric wall mucus and areas of mucosal lesions were assessed. In addition, histology and immunohistochemistry of the gastric wall were assessed. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were also measured. The ethanol control group exhibited severe mucosal lesion compared with the experimental groups with fewer mucosal lesions along with a reduction of edema and leukocyte infiltration. Immunohistochemical staining of Hsp70 and Bax proteins showed over-expression and under-expression, respectively, in the experimental groups. The experimental groups also exhibited high levels of PGE2 as well as a reduced amount of MDA. AMDCP decreased the acidity and lipid peroxidation and increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE The current investigation evaluated the gastroprotective effects of AMDCP on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. This study also suggests that AMDCP might be useful as a gastroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A. Ketuly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A. Hamid A. Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahram Golbabapour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajrezaie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood A. Abdulla
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Damasceno SR, Rodrigues JC, Silva RO, Nicolau LA, Chaves LS, Freitas AL, Souza MH, Barbosa AL, Medeiros JVR. Role of the NO/KATP pathway in the protective effect of a sulfated-polysaccharide fraction from the algae Hypnea musciformis against ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2013005000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kamisan FH, Yahya F, Ismail NA, Din SS, Mamat SS, Zabidi Z, Zainulddin WNW, Mohtarrudin N, Husain H, Ahmad Z, Zakaria ZA. Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanol Extract of Melastoma malabathricum Leaf in Rats. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2013; 6:52-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Hajrezaie M, Golbabapour S, Hassandarvish P, Gwaram NS, A. Hadi AH, Mohd Ali H, Majid N, Abdulla MA. Acute toxicity and gastroprotection studies of a new schiff base derived copper (II) complex against ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions in rats. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51537. [PMID: 23251568 PMCID: PMC3519725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is an essential element in various metabolisms. The investigation was carried out to evaluate acute gastroprotective effects of the Copper (II) complex against ethanol-induced superficial hemorrhagic mucosal lesions in rats. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Rats were divided into 7 groups. Groups 1 and 2 were orally administered with Tween 20 (10% v/v). Group 3 was orally administered with 20 mg/kg omeprazole (10% Tween 20). Groups 4-7 received 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg of the complex (10% Tween 20), respectively. Tween 20 (10% v/v) was given orally to group 1 and absolute ethanol was given orally to groups 2-7, respectively. Rats were sacrificed after 1 h. Group 2 exhibited severe superficial hemorrhagic mucosal lesions. Gastric wall mucus was significantly preserved by the pre-treatment complex. The results showed a significant increase in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) activities and a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Histology showed marked reduction of hemorrhagic mucosal lesions in groups 4-7. Immunohistochemical staining showed up-regulation of Hsp70 and down-regulation of Bax proteins. PAS staining of groups 4-7 showed intense stain uptake of gastric mucosa. The acute toxicity revealed the non-toxic nature of the compound. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The gastroprotective effect of the Copper (II) complex may possibly be due to preservation of gastric wall mucus; increase in PGE(2) synthesis; GSH, SOD, and NO up-regulation of Hsp70 protein; decrease in MDA level; and down-regulation of Bax protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajrezaie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahram Golbabapour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - A. Hamid A. Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Majid
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Huff N, Auer A, Garza F, Keowen M, Kearney M, McMullin R, Andrews F. Effect of Sea Buckthorn Berries and Pulp in a Liquid Emulsion on Gastric Ulcer Scores and Gastric Juice pH in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26:1186-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N.K. Huff
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; Equine Health Studies Program; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge; LA
| | - A.D. Auer
- Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine; West Lafayette; IN
| | - F. Garza
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; Equine Health Studies Program; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge; LA
| | - M.L. Keowen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; Equine Health Studies Program; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge; LA
| | - M.T. Kearney
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge; LA
| | | | - F.M. Andrews
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; Equine Health Studies Program; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge; LA
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Al Moutaery M, Al Rayes H, Al Swailam R, Elfaki I, Khan HA, Alhomida AS, Arshaduddin M, Tariq M. 2,3-Dimercaptopropanol, a thiol chelator, alleviates gastroduodenal ulcers in rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 26:402-9. [PMID: 21477207 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2011.00941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Earlier studies have implicated reactive oxygen species and transitional metals in the pathogenesis of gastric lesions. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (DMP), a thiol compound and metal chelator, on chemically induced gastroduodenal ulcers in rats. Acid secretion studies were undertaken using pylorus-ligated rats pretreated with DMP (3-100 mg/kg, i.p.). The effect of orally administered DMP on cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers and ethanol-induced gastric ulcers was also tested. The level of nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) and gastric wall mucus was measured in the glandular stomach of rats treated with ethanol. None of the dose of DMP affected the volume or acidity of gastric secretion. Low doses of DMP (3 and 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers, whereas the high doses (30 and 100 mg/kg) were ineffective in this model. All the doses of DMP significantly and dose dependently attenuated ethanol-induced gastric lesions. The adverse effects of ethanol on gastric wall mucus and NP-SH were significantly and dose dependently reversed by DMP. In conclusion, the protective effects of DMP appear to be independent of gastric acid secretion and may be associated with counteracting the oxidative stress by replenishing glutathione and reducing the pool of transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshal Al Moutaery
- Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Armed Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abdel-Sater KA, Abdel-Daiem WM, Sayyed Bakheet M. The gender difference of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine in adult rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 688:42-8. [PMID: 22546225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the gender difference of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine in adult rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: Group I, control males and group II, control females; group III, acute cold restraint stressed males and group IV, acute cold restraint stressed females; group V, fluoxetine-treated stressed males and group VI, fluoxetine-treated stressed females. Acute cold restraint stress was established by fixing the four limbs of the rat and placing it in a refrigerator at 4°C for 3h. Fluoxetine was given intraperitoneal in a single dose of 10mg/kg/day. After 2 weeks, stomach and brain tissues were collected for the assay of gastric malonaldehyde (MDA), catalase, nitric oxide (NO) and cortical gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). Stressed animals exhibited increased total acidity in association with decreased gastric secretion volume. Gastric MDA was increased while gastric catalase, NO, and cortical GABA were decreased in stressed male rats when compared to stressed females. However, fluoxetine administration attenuated these stress-induced changes especially in stressed male animals. Stressed male rats were more responsive to the antiulcer effect of fluoxetine more than stressed females. However, fluoxetine might be considered to be the first-choice drug in depressive patients with gastric ulcers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A Abdel-Sater
- Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Al-Azher Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt.
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Mechanisms of Gastroprotective Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Jasminum sambac against HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:786426. [PMID: 22550543 PMCID: PMC3329065 DOI: 10.1155/2012/786426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Jasminum sambac is used in folk medicine as the treatment of many diseases. The aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of ethanolic extracts of J. sambac leaves against acidified ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Seven groups of rats were orally pre-treated with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as normal group, CMC as ulcer group, 20 mg/kg of omeprazole as positive group, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of extract as the experimental groups, respectively. An hour later, CMC was given orally to normal group and acidified ethanol solution was given orally to the ulcer control, positive control, and the experimental groups. The rats were sacrificed after an hour later. Acidity of gastric content, the gastric wall mucus, ulcer areas, and histology and immunohistochemistry of the gastric wall were assessed. Gastric homogenates were determined for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), andmalondialdehyde (MDA) content. Ulcer group exhibited significantly severe mucosal injury as compared with omeprazole or extract which shows significant protection towards gastric mucosal injury the plant promotes ulcer protection as it shows significant reduction of ulcer area grossly, and histology showed marked reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of submucosal layer compared with ulcer group. Immunohistochemistry showed overexpression of Hsp70 protein and downexpression of Bax protein in rats pretreated with extract. Significant increased in the pH, mucus of gastric content and high levels of PGE2, SOD and reduced amount of MDA was observed.
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Effects of Pithecellobium jiringa ethanol extract against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries in Sprague-Dawley rats. Molecules 2012; 17:2796-811. [PMID: 22395408 PMCID: PMC6268751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17032796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Current anti-gastric ulcer agents have side effects, despite the progression and expansion of advances in treatment. This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective mechanisms of Pithecellobium jiringa ethanol extract against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal ulcers in rats. For this purpose, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: Group 1 (normal control) rats were orally administered with vehicle (carboxymethyl cellulose), Group 2 (ulcer control) rats were also orally administered with vehicle. Group 3 (positive control) rats were orally administered with 20 mg/kg omeprazole, Groups 4 and 5 (experimental groups) received ethanol extract of Pithecellobium jiringa ethanol extract at a concentration of 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Sixty minutes later, vehicle was given orally to the normal control group, and absolute ethanol was given orally to the ulcer control, positive control and experimental groups to generate gastric mucosal injury. The rats were sacrificed an hour later. The effect of oral administration of plant extract on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury was studied grossly and histology. The level of lipid peroxidation, (malondialdehyde—MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and gastric wall mucus were measured from gastric mucosal homogenate. The ulcer control group exhibited severe gastric mucosal injury, and this finding was also confirmed by histology of gastric mucosa which showed severe damage to the gastric mucosa with edema and leucocyte infiltration of the submucosal layer. Pre-treatment with plant extract significantly reduced the formation of ethanol-induced gastric lesions, and gastric wall mucus was significantly preserved. The study also indicated a significant increase in SOD activity in gastric mucosal homogenate, whereas a significant decrease in MDA was observed. Acute toxicity tests did not show any signs of toxicity and mortality up to 5 g/kg. The ulcer protective effect of this plant may possibly be due to its preservation of gastric wall mucus along with increased SOD activity and reduction of oxidative stress (MDA). The extract is non-toxic, even at relatively high concentrations.
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