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Comon M, Rouch I, Edjolo A, Padovan C, Krolak-Salmon P, Dorey JM. Impaired Facial Emotion Recognition and Gaze Direction Detection in Mild Alzheimer's Disease: Results from the PACO Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:1427-1437. [PMID: 36057821 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial emotion recognition (FER) and gaze direction (GD) identification are core components of social cognition, possibly impaired in many psychiatric or neurological conditions. Regarding Alzheimer's disease (AD), current knowledge is controversial. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore FER and GD identification in mild AD compared to healthy controls. METHODS 180 participants with mild AD drawn from the PACO study and 74 healthy elderly controls were enrolled. Participants were asked to complete three socio-cognitive tasks: face sex identification, recognition of facial emotions (fear, happiness, anger, disgust) expressed at different intensities, and GD discrimination. Multivariate analyses were conducted to compare AD participants and healthy controls. RESULTS Sex recognition was preserved. GD determination for subtle deviations was impaired in AD. Recognition of prototypically expressed facial emotions was preserved while recognition of degraded facial emotions was impacted in AD participants compared to controls. Use of multivariate analysis suggested significant alteration of low-expressed fear and disgust recognition in the AD group. CONCLUSION Our results showed emotion recognition and GD identification in patients with early-stage AD compared to elderly controls. These impairments could be the object of specific therapeutic interventions such as social cognition remediation or raising awareness of primary caregivers to improve the quality of life of patients with early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Comon
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Isabelle Rouch
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,INSERM U 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Center, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Arlette Edjolo
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,INSERM U 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Center, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Padovan
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dorey
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon, France
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Yoo H, Kim H, Koh I, Lee K, Ok J. Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on the Incidence of Dementia Based on National Insurance Data in Korea. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2021; 20:29-35. [PMID: 34756135 DOI: 10.1089/met.2021.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the incidence of dementia using big data from national health claims and health examinations. Methods: This study involved 3,619,388 subjects categorized with MetS of three status based on the results of health examinations conducted in 2009. This was a longitudinal study of the incidence of dementia based on the national health claims from the date of health examinations in 2009 until December 31, 2018. This study was conducted for men and women aged 50 to 69 years living in Korea. A Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to analyze the risk of dementia according to the status of MetS. Results: The cumulative incidence of Alzheimer dementia was 0.41% in the non-Mets group, 0.54% in the pre-MetS group, and 0.67% in the MetS group. The cumulative incidence of vascular dementia was 0.19% in the non-Mets group, 0.27% in the pre-MetS group, and 0.34% in the MetS group. The risk of Alzheimer dementia in the pre-MetS group compared to the non-Mets group was 1.20-fold greater (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.14-1.26) and was 1.39-fold (95% CI: 1.31-1.48) greater in the MetS group. The risk of vascular dementia in the pre-MetS group compared to the non-Mets group was 1.30-fold greater (95% CI: 1.21-1.40) and the risk of vascular dementia was 1.53-fold (95% CI: 1.44 1.71) greater. Conclusions: This study showed that pre-MetS and MetS were related to an increased incidence of Alzheimer dementia and vascular dementia. Also, these results support efforts to decrease the incidence of Alzheimer dementia and vascular dementia through managing the Mets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwon Yoo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeongsu Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Imseok Koh
- Department of Neurology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kunsei Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - JongSun Ok
- Department of Nursing, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
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Boublay N, Bouet R, Dorey JM, Padovan C, Makaroff Z, Fédérico D, Gallice I, Barrellon MO, Robert P, Moreaud O, Rouch I, Krolak-Salmon P. Brain Volume Predicts Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 73:1343-1353. [PMID: 31903989 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are frequent and troublesome for patients and caregivers. Considering possible preventive approaches, a better understanding of underlying neural correlates of BPSD is crucial. OBJECTIVE The aim is to assess whether brain regional volume predicts behavioral changes in mild AD. METHODS This work took part from the PACO study, a multicenter and prospective study that included 252 patients with mild AD from 2009 to 2014. Fifty-three patients were retained. Forty healthy matched control subjects from the ADNI cohort were included as controls. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was conducted to assess regional brain volume using baseline MRI scans as a predictor of future behavioral changes over a period of 18 months. Behavior was assessed at baseline and longitudinally at 6-month intervals using the shortened form of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). RESULTS The volume of 23 brain structures in frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, subcortical regions and cerebellum predicted the evolution of NPI scores. Frontal volume was the most powerful predictor with frontal gyri, anterior cingulate cortex, and orbital gyri being particularly involved. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing regional brain volumes as predictors of behavioral changes considered at earlier stages of AD. Up to 23 brain structures were associated with an increased risk of developing BPSD. Frontal lobe volume was the strongest predictor of future evolution of NPI. The involvement of multiple structures in the prediction of behavior suggests a role of the main large-scale networks involved in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawele Boublay
- Clinical and Research Memory Center of Lyon, Hospital of Charpennes, Lyon Institute for Elderly, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France.,INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon, France.,University Lyon, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, Lyon, France
| | - Romain Bouet
- INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Zaza Makaroff
- Clinical and Research Memory Center of Lyon, Hospital of Charpennes, Lyon Institute for Elderly, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Denis Fédérico
- Clinical and Research Memory Center of Lyon, Hospital of Charpennes, Lyon Institute for Elderly, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Gallice
- Center Hospitalier Saint Jean de Dieu, Pôle de Gérontopsychiatrie, Lyon, France
| | | | - Philippe Robert
- CoBTeK lab Clinical and Research Memory Center and CHU of Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Olivier Moreaud
- Clinical and Research Memory Center and CHU of Grenoble Arc Alpin, Pôle de Psychiatrie et Neurologie, Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition, CNRS UMR 5105, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Rouch
- Clinical and Research Memory Center of Lyon, Hospital of Charpennes, Lyon Institute for Elderly, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Center Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, Neurology unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Clinical and Research Memory Center of Lyon, Hospital of Charpennes, Lyon Institute for Elderly, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France.,INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon, France.,University Lyon, Lyon, France.,Clinical Research Center CRC - VCF (Vieillissement - Cerveau - Fragilité), Hospital of Charpennes, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
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4
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Rouch I, Dorey JM, Padovan C, Trombert-Paviot B, Benoit M, Laurent B, Boublay N, Krolak-Salmon P. Does Personality Predict Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia? Results from PACO Prospective Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 69:1099-1108. [PMID: 31156171 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premorbid personality could play a role in the onset of behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but prospective studies are lacking. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed at prospectively assessing the influence of premorbid personality traits on BPS evolution in a population of patients with prodromal or mild AD. METHODS We used a multicenter prospective cohort study of 237 patients followed-up for 18 months. The influence of personality traits on BPS evolution, measured with Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), was assessed using linear mixed-effect models. RESULTS A principal components analysis of the 12 NPI behavioral domains yielded five factors labelled as psychotic symptoms, affective symptoms, behavioral dyscontrol, apathy/appetite symptoms, and sleep disorders. During the follow-up, higher neuroticism was significantly associated with a higher progression of affective symptoms (p < 0.0001), apathy/appetite symptoms (p = 0.002), sleep disorders (p = 0.001) as well as global NPI scores (p < 0.0001). Greater conscientiousness was related to a lower evolution of psychotic (p = 0.002), affective (p = 0.02) and apathy/appetite symptoms (p = 0.02), and global NPI score (p < 0.0001). Higher openness was associated with lower affective symptoms evolution (p = 0.01). A significant relationship was found between higher extraversion, lower affective symptoms (p = 0.02), and higher behavioral dyscontrol (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION The present analysis suggests that premorbid personality may influence the evolution of BPS in prodromal or mild AD. Given these results, it seems important to give more importance to personality assessment in early AD, in order to better identify and manage patients at risk of adverse behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Rouch
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dorey
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Padovan
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Béatrice Trombert-Paviot
- Public Health and Medical Information Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Michel Benoit
- Psychiatry Unit, Hôpital Pasteur, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - Bernard Laurent
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Nawèle Boublay
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon, France
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Tortajada-Soler M, Sánchez-Valdeón L, Blanco-Nistal M, Benítez-Andrades JA, Liébana-Presa C, Bayón-Darkistade E. Prevalence of Comorbidities in Individuals Diagnosed and Undiagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease in León, Spain and a Proposal for Contingency Procedures to Follow in the Case of Emergencies Involving People with Alzheimer's Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3398. [PMID: 32414124 PMCID: PMC7277451 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is the most common type of dementia is characterized by mental or cognitive disorders. People suffering with this condition find it inherently difficult to communicate and describe symptoms. As a consequence, both detection and treatment of comorbidities associated with Alzheimer's disease are substantially impaired. Equally, action protocols in the case of emergencies must be clearly formulated and stated. Methods: We performed a bibliography search followed by an observational and cross-sectional study involving a thorough review of medical records. A group of AD patients was compared with a control group. Each group consisted of 100 people and were all León residents aged ≥65 years. Results: The following comorbidities were found to be associated with AD: cataracts, urinary incontinence, osteoarthritis, hearing loss, osteoporosis, and personality disorders. The most frequent comorbidities in the control group were the following: eye strain, stroke, vertigo, as well as circulatory and respiratory disorders. Comorbidities with a similar incidence in both groups included type 2 diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, depression, obesity, arthritis, and anxiety. We also reviewed emergency procedures employed in the case of an emergency involving an AD patient. Conclusions: Some comorbidities were present in both the AD and control groups, while others were found in the AD group and not in the control group, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macrina Tortajada-Soler
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus de Vegazana, Universidad de León, s/n, C.P. 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Leticia Sánchez-Valdeón
- SALBIS Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus de Ponferrada, Universidad de León, Avda/ Astorga s/n, C.P. 24402 Ponferrada (León), Spain; (C.L.-P.); (E.B.-D.)
| | - Marta Blanco-Nistal
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, C/ Altos de nava s/n, C.P. 24001 León, Spain;
| | - José Alberto Benítez-Andrades
- SALBIS Research Group, Department of Electric, Systems and Automatics Engineering, University of León, s/n, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Cristina Liébana-Presa
- SALBIS Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus de Ponferrada, Universidad de León, Avda/ Astorga s/n, C.P. 24402 Ponferrada (León), Spain; (C.L.-P.); (E.B.-D.)
| | - Enrique Bayón-Darkistade
- SALBIS Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus de Ponferrada, Universidad de León, Avda/ Astorga s/n, C.P. 24402 Ponferrada (León), Spain; (C.L.-P.); (E.B.-D.)
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6
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Dorey JM, Rouch I, Padovan C, Boublay N, Pongan E, Laurent B, von Gunten A, Krolak-Salmon P. Neuroticism-Withdrawal and Neuroticism-Volatility Differently Influence the Risk of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 74:79-89. [PMID: 31985463 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroticism is recognized as the personality domain that is most strongly associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPS) of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Two sub-components of neuroticism have been recently isolated. Neuroticism-withdrawal (N-withdrawal) refers to the tendency to internalize negative emotion, whereas neuroticism-volatility (N-volatility) reflect the predisposition to externalize negative emotions. OBJECTIVE The objective of the current study was to investigate the specific influence of these two sub-components of neuroticism on BPS. METHODS One hundred eighty-seven patients with prodromal or mild AD were drawn from the PACO study (Personalité Alzheimer COmportement). Neuroticism and its facets were assessed at baseline using the NEO-PI-R inventory. N-withdrawal and N-volatility were isolated using a principal component analysis led on the six facets composing neuroticism. BPS were measured with the short version of Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-Q) and collected at baseline, then every 6 months over an 18-month follow-up. Linear mixed-effect analyses were conducted to investigate the association between N-withdrawal, N-volatility, and the severity of BPS over the follow-up. RESULTS Mean age of the participant was 79.2±6.5; 59% were female; mean MMSE was 24.5±2.5. Both N-volatility and N-withdrawal were related with the NPI-Q (p < 0.001; p = 0,004). N-withdrawal was positively associated with anxiety (p = 0.001) and depression (p = 0.002), while N-volatility was positively related to delusions (p = 0.004), agitation/aggression (p < 0.001), irritability/volatility (p = 0.037), and apathy (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that N-volatility and N-withdrawal influence the risk of developing BPS in a different way. These results highlight the relevance of considering sub-components of neuroticism when studying links between personality and BPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Dorey
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Lyon, France.,Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Rouch
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology unit, university hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Catherine Padovan
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Lyon, France
| | - Nawèle Boublay
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Pongan
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bernard Laurent
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology unit, university hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Armin von Gunten
- Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Lyon, France.,Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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Baranger K, van Gijsel-Bonnello M, Stephan D, Carpentier W, Rivera S, Khrestchatisky M, Gharib B, De Reggi M, Benech P. Long-Term Pantethine Treatment Counteracts Pathologic Gene Dysregulation and Decreases Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis in a Transgenic Mouse Model. Neurotherapeutics 2019; 16:1237-1254. [PMID: 31267473 PMCID: PMC6985318 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-molecular weight thiol pantethine, known as a hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic agent, is the major precursor of co-enzyme A. We have previously shown that pantethine treatment reduces amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced IL-1β release and alleviates pathological metabolic changes in primary astrocyte cultures. These properties of pantethine prompted us to investigate its potential benefits in vivo in the 5XFAD (Tg) mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).1.5-month-old Tg and wild-type (WT) male mice were submitted to intraperitoneal administration of pantethine or saline control solution for 5.5 months. The effects of such treatments were investigated by performing behavioral tests and evaluating astrogliosis, microgliosis, Αβ deposition, and whole genome expression arrays, using RNAs extracted from the mice hippocampi. We observed that long-term pantethine treatment significantly reduced glial reactivity and Αβ deposition, and abrogated behavioral alteration in Tg mice. Moreover, the transcriptomic profiles revealed that after pantethine treatment, the expression of genes differentially expressed in Tg mice, and in particular those known to be related to AD, were significantly alleviated. Most of the genes overexpressed in Tg compared to WT were involved in inflammation, complement activation, and phagocytosis and were found repressed upon pantethine treatment. In contrast, pantethine restored the expression of a significant number of genes involved in the regulation of Αβ processing and synaptic activities, which were downregulated in Tg mice. Altogether, our data support a beneficial role for long-term pantethine treatment in preserving CNS crucial functions altered by Aβ pathogenesis in Tg mice and highlight the potential efficiency of pantethine to alleviate AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Baranger
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Manuel van Gijsel-Bonnello
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
- Present Address: MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre and School of Life Science - Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, Welcome Trust Building, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH UK
| | - Delphine Stephan
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Wassila Carpentier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, UMS Omique, Plateforme Post-génomique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière (P3S), F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Santiago Rivera
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | | | - Bouchra Gharib
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Max De Reggi
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Benech
- CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
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Rouch I, Padovan C, Pongan E, Boublay N, Laurent B, Dorey JM, Krolak-Salmon P. Personality Traits are Related to Selective Cognitive Impairment in Early Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 71:1153-1162. [PMID: 31524166 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A link between personality traits and cognitive performance has been shown in normal adults and elderly individuals. Very few studies have evaluated this link in Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To better understand cognitive performance as regards to personality traits, our study was aimed to evaluate the role of premorbid personality on cognitive functioning in a population of patients presenting prodromal or mild AD. METHODS 181 elderly with prodromal or mild AD participated in a cross-sectional, prospective cohort study. The participants completed a personality inventory and a neuropsychological battery exploring memory, attention, executive function, language, and praxis. Cognitive performance were compared according to the level of each personality trait, using multivariate MANOVA models. RESULTS A higher level of neuroticism was associated with lower performance at similarities test (D = 9.49, p = 0.003), delayed Free and Cued Selective Reminding test (D = 5.22, p = 0.02), and digit span score (D = 7.99, p = 0.006). A higher level of openness was related to better performance at similarities (D = 4.33, p = 0.04), letter fluency (D = 11.45, p = 0.001), and category fluency test (D = 5.85, p = 0.02). Neuroticism interfered negatively with cognitive functioning at the prodromal stage; the association between openness and cognitive function was observed at both prodromal and mild AD stage. CONCLUSION These results suggest that personality traits, in particular neuroticism and openness, modulate cognitive abilities in patients with early AD. These results encourage the development of stress management programs to prevent its negative effects on cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Rouch
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France.,Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Padovan
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Elodie Pongan
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France.,Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Nawéle Boublay
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bernard Laurent
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France.,Neuropain Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dorey
- Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, Lyon, France
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9
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Atti AR, Valente S, Iodice A, Caramella I, Ferrari B, Albert U, Mandelli L, De Ronchi D. Metabolic Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 27:625-637. [PMID: 30917904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.01.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A systematic review and a meta-analysis of both clinical and population-based studies was undertaken according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement to clarify whether Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a risk or a protective factor for incident dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD), and whether it's involved in progression to dementia in patients affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Search terms included ("metabolic syndrome" OR "syndrome x" OR "plurimetabolic syndrome") AND ("dementia" OR "Alzheimer disease" OR "vascular dementia" OR "mild cognitive impairment" OR "MCI"). Research was restricted to articles published in English between January 1, 2000 and August 31, 2018. No age limit was set. RESULTS At the end of the selection procedure, nine longitudinal studies were selected for the meta-analysis: six studies enrolled cognitively well-functioning participants and three studies involved MCI patients. A total of 18,313 participants aged older than 40 years with mean MetS prevalence of 22.7% were followed on average for 9.41years. A fixed model was used to estimate pooled hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. CONCLUSION No statistically significant pooled association emerged between MetS and incident dementia and AD. MetS increased the incidence of pure VaD. MetS increased the risk of progression from MCI to dementia. Follow-up length might be a key factor in investigating these associations further. Because MetS is constituted by a set of potentially modifiable factors, further studies with longer follow-up and repeated assessment of both MetS and cognitive status are desirable to draw definite conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Atti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefano Valente
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonia Iodice
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caramella
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Mandelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diana De Ronchi
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Young JJ, Balachandran S, Garg G, Balasubramaniam M, Gupta A, Tampi DJ, Tampi RR. Personality and the risk factors for developing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: a narrative review. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2019; 9:107-118. [PMID: 30998118 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2018-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Premorbid personality traits have been implicated as risk factors for the development of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), although there is a paucity of studies investigating this relationship. In this narrative review, a number of studies found that premorbid neuroticism has consistently been observed to have a significant association with the development of BPSD symptoms while premorbid conscientiousness, extraversion, openness and agreeableness may be protective factors against future BPSD symptoms. In conclusion, premorbid personality traits appear to affect the risk of BPSD symptoms among individuals with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Young
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, MetroHealth, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Silpa Balachandran
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, MetroHealth, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Garima Garg
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, MetroHealth, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Meera Balasubramaniam
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 462 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Aarti Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St. #901, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Deena J Tampi
- Diamond Healthcare, 701 E. Byrd Street, 15th Floor, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Rajesh R Tampi
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St. #901, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH 44037, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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D'Iorio A, Garramone F, Piscopo F, Baiano C, Raimo S, Santangelo G. Meta-Analysis of Personality Traits in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comparison with Healthy Subjects. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 62:773-787. [PMID: 29480186 PMCID: PMC5842787 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of specific personality traits as factor risks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been consistently found, whereas personality traits specifically related to AD (after the diagnosis) have not been outlined yet. OBJECTIVE A meta-analysis of published studies was performed to determine whether AD patients have a distinctive personality trait profile compared to healthy subjects (HC), similar to or different from a premorbid personality profile consistently reported in previous studies. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PsycInfo (PROQUEST), PubMed, and Scopus. The meta-analysis pooled results from primary studies using Hedges' g unbiased approach. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 10 primary studies and revealed that, when the personality was evaluated by informant-rated measures, AD patients had significantly higher levels of Neuroticism, lower levels of Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Extraversion than HCs. When the personality was evaluated by self-rated measures, the results obtained from informants were confirmed for Neuroticism, Openness, and Extraversion but not for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness where AD patients and HCs achieved similar scores. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis revealed that high Neuroticism and low Openness and Extraversion are distinctive personality traits significantly associated with a diagnosis of AD when evaluated both self-rated and informant-rated measures. This personality trait profile is similar to premorbid one, which contributes to development of AD over time. Therefore, our findings indirectly support the idea of specific premorbid personality traits as harbingers of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonsina D'Iorio
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Federica Garramone
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Fausta Piscopo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Chiara Baiano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Simona Raimo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Gabriella Santangelo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
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In Vitro Anti-Cholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Moringa oleifera Plants from Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5030071. [PMID: 29976887 PMCID: PMC6164601 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated Moringa oleifera extracts from two locations in Niger Delta for in vitro anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities. Methanolic, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera were evaluated for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, antioxidant properties, and total phenolic and flavonoid contents using standard procedures. M. oleifera extracts possessed significant and concentration dependent AChE inhibitory activity for methanolic, aqueous, and ethanolic extracts. For the most potent extracts, the percentage AChE inhibition/IC50 (µg/mL) values were Moringa oleifera root methanolic extracts (MORME): ~80%/0.00845; Moringa oleifera root ethanolic extract 1 (MOREE1): ~90%/0.0563; Moringa oleifera root ethanolic extract 2 (MOREE2): ~70%/0.00175; and Moringa oleifera bark ethanolic extract (MOBEE): ~70%/0.0173. The descending order of AChE inhibitory potency of plant parts were: root > bark > leaf > flowers > seed. All M. oleifera methanolic extracts at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL displayed significant (p < 0.05–0.001) DPPH radical scavenging activity, with values of ~20–50% of that of ascorbic acid. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content (TPC/TFC) of MORME, Moringa Oju bark methanolic extract (MOBME), MOREE1, MOREE2 and Moringa leaf ethanolic leaf extract (MLEE) were (287/254), (212/113), (223/185), (203/343) and (201/102) mg gallic acid equivalents/g and quercetin equivalents/g, respectively. There was an inverse correlation between plant extract AChE inhibition and total phenolic (p < 0.0001) and total flavonoid contents (p < 0.0012). In summary, this study revealed 5 of 19 extracts of M. oleifera that have potent in vitro anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities.
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Liu YC, Hsu JL, Wang SJ, Yip PK, Meguro K, Fuh JL. Language background in early life may be related to neuropsychiatry symptoms in patients with Alzheimer disease. BMC Geriatr 2017; 17:50. [PMID: 28183277 PMCID: PMC5301375 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between early life experience and the occurrence of neuropsychiatry symptoms (NPSs) in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) is unclear. Methods From 2012 to 2014, we prospectively recruited 250 patients with probable AD from the memory clinic of Taipei Veterans General Hospital. All patients underwent standard assessments, including brain magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, neuropsychological tests, neuropsychiatry inventory (NPI-Q) and related blood tests. A linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between NPSs and age, gender, disease severity, depression, language background (with or without Japanese education). Results Among the 250 participants, 113 (45.2%) were women. Their average age was 82.6 years. Of all the participants, 93 (37.2%) had received formal Japanese education, whereas 157 (62.8%) did not receive Japanese education. The participants with Japanese education were slightly younger (83.1 ± 3.6 vs. 81.4 ± 3.4, P = 0.006), with a higher proportion of them were women (30.5% vs. 69.8%, P < 0.001) and fewer years of total education (10.8 ± 4.5 vs. 7.7 ± 3.2, P < 0.001), compared to the participants without Japanese education. NPI-Q scores significantly differed between the two groups (15.8 vs. 24.1, P = 0.024). Both disease severity and language background predicted NPI-Q scores. Conclusions Language background in early life may be related to NPSs in patients with AD, and this effect is more significant in patients with a lower education level than in those with a higher education level. More NPSs may be the result of negative effects on dominant language or early life experiences. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12877-017-0435-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chien Liu
- Neurological Center of Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, CYRIC, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Fu Jen University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Lung Hsu
- Section of Dementia and Cognitive impairment, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 112, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine and Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Keung Yip
- Neurological Center of Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Fu Jen University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kenichi Meguro
- Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, CYRIC, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. .,Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Faculty of Medicine and Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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