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Salik D, Dupire G, Sass U, Dangoisse C, Franck D, Labadens A, Marangoni M, Vilain C, Smits G. Variable expressivity in Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2021; 149:128-131. [PMID: 34511237 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Salik
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - G Dupire
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - U Sass
- Inter-Hospital Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint-Pierre, CHU Brugmann, HUDERF, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Dangoisse
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Franck
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Labadens
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Marangoni
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Vilain
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB, Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de La Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, Building C, CP 263, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Smits
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB, Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de La Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, Building C, CP 263, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Pawar S, Kutay U. The Diverse Cellular Functions of Inner Nuclear Membrane Proteins. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2021; 13:a040477. [PMID: 33753404 PMCID: PMC8411953 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear compartment is delimited by a specialized expanded sheet of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) known as the nuclear envelope (NE). Compared to the outer nuclear membrane and the contiguous peripheral ER, the inner nuclear membrane (INM) houses a unique set of transmembrane proteins that serve a staggering range of functions. Many of these functions reflect the exceptional position of INM proteins at the membrane-chromatin interface. Recent research revealed that numerous INM proteins perform crucial roles in chromatin organization, regulation of gene expression, genome stability, and mediation of signaling pathways into the nucleus. Other INM proteins establish mechanical links between chromatin and the cytoskeleton, help NE remodeling, or contribute to the surveillance of NE integrity and homeostasis. As INM proteins continue to gain prominence, we review these advancements and give an overview on the functional versatility of the INM proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Pawar
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Kutay
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Zdral S, Trujillo-Tiebas MJ. Spotted bones in an osteopoikilosis-related disease (Buschke Ollendorff Syndrome): Identifying this rare condition from the lab to the field. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2021; 34:20-28. [PMID: 34098227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the differential diagnosis of osteopoikilosis in past populations using a clinical case as an example of this rare condition. MATERIALS A patient referred to our Genetic Service with suspected Buschke Ollendorff Syndrome after finding a connective nevus. METHODS Radiological images from different body regions were accompanied by a genetic study using next-generation sequencing. RESULTS Small circular-to-ellipsoid sclerotic lesions were found in the epiphysis and metaphysis of long bones, as well as in the pelvis. These lesions were bilaterally distributed and with well-defined margins, compatible with the characteristics of Buschke Ollendorff Syndrome, bone manifestation osteopoikilosis. A heterozygous mutation on LEMD3 (NM_001167614:c.1918 + 1G > C) was identified by next-generation sequencing. Based on this confirmed case, we have discussed the most probable causes of similar bone lesions found in the archaeological record. CONCLUSION It has been demonstrated how a current case of a rare disease can provide useful tools to improve the differential diagnosis of this disease in ancient skeletons. SIGNIFICANCE This work underlines the great need for multidisciplinary platforms that integrates clinical research into paleopathology in order to successfully address the study of rare diseases from the past. LIMITATIONS Since OPK is only detected by X-rays, suspected cases of this bone lesion will only be identified when radiographs are taken for other purposes. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH Retrospective and large-scale studies of radiographs from other research in past populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Zdral
- Physical Anthropology Unit, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 2, 2804, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María José Trujillo-Tiebas
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy J Paul
- Department of Rheumatology, KMCT Medical College, Kerala, India
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Mutation in LEMD3 (Man1) Associated with Osteopoikilosis and Late-Onset Generalized Morphea: A New Buschke-Ollendorf Syndrome Variant. Case Rep Dermatol Med 2016; 2016:2483041. [PMID: 27382493 PMCID: PMC4921644 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2483041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Buschke-Ollendorf syndrome (BOS) is an uncommon syndrome characterized by osteopoikilosis and other bone abnormalities, accompanied by skin lesions, most frequently connective tissue nevi. BOS is caused by mutations in the LEMD3 gene, which encodes the inner nuclear membrane protein Man1. We describe a unique case of osteopoikilosis associated with late-onset localized scleroderma and familial LEMD3 mutations. Case Report. A 72-year-old woman presented with adult-onset diffuse morphea and bullous skin lesions. Evaluation revealed multiple hyperostotic lesions (osteopoikilosis) suggestive of BOS. DNA sequencing identified a previously undescribed nonsense mutation (Trp621X) in the LEMD3 gene encoding Man1. Two additional family members were found to have osteopoikilosis and carry the same LEMD3 mutation. Conclusions and Relevance. We report a unique familial LEMD3 mutation in an individual with osteopoikilosis and late-onset morphea. We propose that this constellation represents a novel syndromic variant of BOS.
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Pope V, Dupuis L, Kannu P, Mendoza-Londono R, Sajic D, So J, Yoon G, Lara-Corrales I. Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome: a novel case series and systematic review. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:723-9. [PMID: 26708699 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome (BOS) is a rare, often benign, autosomal skin disorder. BOS commonly presents with nontender connective tissue naevi and sclerotic bony lesions (osteopoikilosis [OPK]). Herein, we summarize the presenting features of BOS and potential associations by conducting a systematic review of the literature and summarizing a cohort seen at the Hospital for Sick Children (HSC), Toronto, Canada. PubMed was searched using the following terms: 'BOS'; 'dermatofibrosis lenticularis'; 'OPK'; 'LEMD3'; 'elastoma'; 'collagenoma'. Only case reports were included, without date or language restrictions. Cases were further narrowed to those where patients or their families had a combination of skin and bony lesions, or a positive genetic test. Data were summarized using frequencies. In total, 594 reports were discovered, of which 546 (92%) were excluded. The remaining 48 accounted for 164 cases. Skin lesions were noted in 24% of cases and bony lesions in 20%, while 54% of patients had both. In 1% of cases the diagnosis was made on genetic testing alone. A family history was noted in 92% of cases. All patients with spinal stenosis (2%) or shortened status (7%) had OPK. Six per cent of patients had neurological problems. However, 50% of the cohort from HSC had cognitive delays, and only cases from 2007 onwards reported cognitive delays (the prevalence was 17% among those cases). This review confirms the classical diagnostic features of BOS. In addition, it highlights a previously unreported association between a shortened stature and OPK, as well as a possible association with cognitive delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pope
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Dupuis
- Department of Genetics and Metabolics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Kannu
- Department of Genetics and Metabolics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Mendoza-Londono
- Department of Genetics and Metabolics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Sajic
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J So
- University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, The Fred A. Litwin Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G Yoon
- Department of Genetics and Metabolics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - I Lara-Corrales
- Pediatrics Section of Dermatology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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RNA recognition motif of LEMD3 as a key player in the pathogenesis of Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 81:205-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kobus K, Hartl D, Ott CE, Osswald M, Huebner A, von der Hagen M, Emmerich D, Kühnisch J, Morreau H, Hes FJ, Mautner VF, Harder A, Tinschert S, Mundlos S, Kolanczyk M. Double NF1 inactivation affects adrenocortical function in NF1Prx1 mice and a human patient. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119030. [PMID: 25775093 PMCID: PMC4361563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1, MIM#162200) is a relatively frequent genetic condition, which predisposes to tumor formation. Apart from tumors, individuals with NF1 often exhibit endocrine abnormalities such as precocious puberty (2,5-5% of NF1 patients) and some cases of hypertension (16% of NF1 patients). Several cases of adrenal cortex adenomas have been described in NF1 individuals supporting the notion that neurofibromin might play a role in adrenal cortex homeostasis. However, no experimental data were available to prove this hypothesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed Nf1Prx1 mice and one case of adrenal cortical hyperplasia in a NF1patient. RESULTS In Nf1Prx1 mice Nf1 is inactivated in the developing limbs, head mesenchyme as well as in the adrenal gland cortex, but not the adrenal medulla or brain. We show that adrenal gland size is increased in NF1Prx1 mice. Nf1Prx1 female mice showed corticosterone and aldosterone overproduction. Molecular analysis of Nf1 deficient adrenals revealed deregulation of multiple proteins, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), a vital mitochondrial factor promoting transfer of cholesterol into steroid making mitochondria. This was associated with a marked upregulation of MAPK pathway and a female specific increase of cAMP concentration in murine adrenal lysates. Complementarily, we characterized a patient with neurofibromatosis type I with macronodular adrenal hyperplasia with ACTH-independent cortisol overproduction. Comparison of normal control tissue- and adrenal hyperplasia- derived genomic DNA revealed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the wild type NF1 allele, showing that biallelic NF1 gene inactivation occurred in the hyperplastic adrenal gland. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that biallelic loss of Nf1 induces autonomous adrenal hyper-activity. We conclude that Nf1 is involved in the regulation of adrenal cortex function in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kobus
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Hartl
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claus Eric Ott
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Osswald
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela Huebner
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maja von der Hagen
- Abteilung Neuropädiatrie, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Denise Emmerich
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jirko Kühnisch
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Morreau
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik J. Hes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victor F. Mautner
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anja Harder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sigrid Tinschert
- Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mateusz Kolanczyk
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
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Traumatic fracture in a patient with osteopoikilosis. Case Rep Orthop 2014; 2014:520651. [PMID: 25478268 PMCID: PMC4248558 DOI: 10.1155/2014/520651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of traumatic humeral neck fracture occurring in a patient with osteopoikilosis after a motorcycle accident. The radiograph revealed the fracture but also multiple bone lesions. A few years before, the patient had been operated for a maldiagnosed chondrosarcoma of the humeral head. Osteopoikilosis is a rare benign hereditary bone disease, whose mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant. It is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on radiograph that shows the presence of multiple osteoblastic lesions. It can mimic other bone pathologies, in particular osteoblastic metastases. Osteopoikilosis is a diagnosis that should be kept in mind to avoid misdiagnosis, particularly with regard to cancer metastasis. This disorder does not require any treatment and complications are rare. However, there may be associated anomalies that require follow-up.
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Somatic neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) inactivation events in cutaneous neurofibromas of a single NF1 patient. Eur J Hum Genet 2014; 23:870-3. [PMID: 25293717 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) (MIM#162200) is a relatively frequent genetic condition that predisposes to tumor formation. The main types of tumors occurring in NF1 patients are cutaneous and subcutaneous neurofibromas, plexiform neurofibromas, optic pathway gliomas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. To search for somatic mutations in cutaneous (dermal) neurofibromas, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on seven spatially separated tumors and two reference tissues (blood and unaffected skin) from a single NF1 patient. Validation of WES findings was done using routine Sanger sequencing or Sequenom IPlex SNP genotyping. Exome sequencing confirmed the existence of a known familial splice-site mutation NM_000267.3:c.3113+1G>A in exon 23 of NF1 gene (HGMD ID CS951480) in blood, unaffected skin, and all tumor samples. In five out of seven analyzed tumors, we additionally detected second-hit mutations in the NF1 gene. Four of them were novel and one was previously observed. Each mutation was distinct, demonstrating the independent origin of each tumor. Only in two of seven tumors we detected an additional somatic mutation that was not associated with NF1. Our study demonstrated that somatic mutations of NF1 are likely the main drivers of cutaneous tumor formation. The study provides evidence for the rareness of single base pair level alterations in the exomes of benign NF1 cutaneous tumors.
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Kolanczyk M, Krawitz P, Hecht J, Hupalowska A, Miaczynska M, Marschner K, Schlack C, Emmerich D, Kobus K, Kornak U, Robinson PN, Plecko B, Grangl G, Uhrig S, Mundlos S, Horn D. Missense variant in CCDC22 causes X-linked recessive intellectual disability with features of Ritscher-Schinzel/3C syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2014; 23:633-8. [PMID: 24916641 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome (RSS)/3C (cranio-cerebro-cardiac) syndrome (OMIM#220210) is a rare and clinically heterogeneous developmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, cerebellar brain malformations, congenital heart defects, and craniofacial abnormalities. A recent study of a Canadian cohort identified homozygous sequence variants in the KIAA0196 gene, which encodes the WASH complex subunit strumpellin, as a cause for a form of RSS/3C syndrome. We have searched for genetic causes of a phenotype similar to RSS/3C syndrome in an Austrian family with two affected sons. To search for disease-causing variants, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on samples from two affected male children and their parents. Before WES, CGH array comparative genomic hybridization was applied. Validation of WES and segregation studies was done using routine Sanger sequencing. Exome sequencing detected a missense variant (c.1670A>G; p.(Tyr557Cys)) in exon 15 of the CCDC22 gene, which maps to chromosome Xp11.23. Western blots of immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from the affected individual showed decreased expression of CCDC22 and an increased expression of WASH1 but a normal expression of strumpellin and FAM21 in the patients cells. We identified a variant in CCDC22 gene as the cause of an X-linked phenotype similar to RSS/3C syndrome in the family described here. A hypomorphic variant in CCDC22 was previously reported in association with a familial case of syndromic X-linked intellectual disability, which shows phenotypic overlap with RSS/3C syndrome. Thus, different inactivating variants affecting CCDC22 are associated with a phenotype similar to RSS/3C syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kolanczyk
- 1] Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany [2] Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Krawitz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Hecht
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Hupalowska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Miaczynska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katrin Marschner
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claire Schlack
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denise Emmerich
- 1] Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany [2] Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karolina Kobus
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Kornak
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter N Robinson
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Division of Child Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gernot Grangl
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Uhrig
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- 1] Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany [2] Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany [3] Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denise Horn
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Mutational screening of EXT1 and EXT2 genes in Polish patients with hereditary multiple exostoses. J Appl Genet 2014; 55:183-8. [PMID: 24532482 PMCID: PMC3990859 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-014-0195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) also known as multiple osteochondromas represent one of the most frequent bone tumor disorder in humans. Its clinical presentation is characterized by the presence of multiple benign cartilage-capped tumors located most commonly in the juxta-epiphyseal portions of long bones. HME are usually inherited in autosomal dominant manner, however de novo mutations can also occur. In most patients, the disease is caused by alterations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes. In this study we investigated 33 unrelated Polish probands with the clinical and radiological diagnosis of HME by means of Sanger sequencing and MLPA for all coding exons of EXT1 and EXT2. We demonstrated EXT1 and EXT2 heterozygous mutations in 18 (54.6 %) and ten (30.3 %) probands respectively, which represents a total of 28 (84.9 %) index cases. Sequencing allowed for the detection of causative changes in 26 (78.8 %) probands, whereas MLPA showed intragenic deletions in two (6.1 %) further cases (15 mutations represented novel changes). Our paper is the first report on the results of exhaustive mutational screening of both EXT1/EXT2 genes in Polish patients. The proportion of EXT1/EXT2 mutations in our group was similar to other Caucasian cohorts. However, we found that EXT1 lesions in Polish patients cluster in exons 1 and 2 (55.6 % of all EXT1 mutations). This important finding should lead to the optimization of cost-effectiveness rate of HME diagnostic testing. Therefore, the diagnostic algorithm for HME should include EXT1 sequencing (starting with exons 1–2), followed by EXT2 sequencing, and MLPA/qPCR for intragenic copy number changes.
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Korekawa A, Nakano H, Toyomaki Y, Takiyoshi N, Rokunohe D, Akasaka E, Nakajima K, Sawamura D. Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome associated with hypertrophic scar formation: a possible role for LEMD3 mutation. Br J Dermatol 2012; 166:900-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10691.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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