1
|
Ohlander J, Fuhrimann S, Basinas I, Cherrie JW, Galea KS, Povey AC, van Tongeren M, Harding AH, Jones K, Vermeulen R, Huss A, Kromhout H. Impact of occupational pesticide exposure assessment method on risk estimates for prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Parkinson's disease: results of three meta-analyses. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:566-574. [PMID: 35393289 PMCID: PMC9304108 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2021-108046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of occupational pesticide exposure in epidemiological studies of chronic diseases is challenging. Biomonitoring of current pesticide levels might not correlate with past exposure relevant to disease aetiology, and indirect methods often rely on workers’ imperfect recall of exposures, or job titles. We investigated how the applied exposure assessment method influenced risk estimates for some chronic diseases. In three meta-analyses the influence of exposure assessment method type on the summary risk ratio (sRR) of prostate cancer (PC) (25 articles), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) (29 articles) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) (32 articles) was investigated. Exposure assessment method types analysed were: group-level assessments (eg, job titles), self-reported exposures, expert-level assessments (eg, job-exposure matrices) and biomonitoring (eg, blood, urine). Additionally, sRRs were estimated by study design, publication year period and geographic location where the study was conducted. Exposure assessment method types were not associated with statistically significant different sRRs across any of the health outcomes. Heterogeneity in results varied from high in cancer studies to moderate and low in PD studies. Overall, case–control designs showed significantly higher sRR estimates than prospective cohort designs. Later NHL publications showed significantly higher sRR estimates than earlier. For PC, studies from North America showed significantly higher sRR estimates than studies from Europe. We conclude that exposure assessment method applied in studies of occupational exposure to pesticides appears not to have a significant effect on risk estimates for PC, NHL and PD. In systematic reviews of chronic health effects of occupational exposure to pesticides, epidemiological study design, publication year and geographic location, should primarily be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Ohlander
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ioannis Basinas
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - John W Cherrie
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, UK.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen S Galea
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew C Povey
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Kate Jones
- Health and Safety Executive, Harpur Hill, Buxton, UK
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salari S, Bagheri M. In vivo, in vitro and pharmacologic models of Parkinson's disease. Physiol Res 2018; 68:17-24. [PMID: 30433804 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), which is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, is firstly defined after James Parkinson's report. It carries motor symptoms such as resting tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity of skeletal muscle and freezing of gait. Furthermore, non-motor symptoms such as cognitive and behavioral problems, besides sensory impairments are seen in the patients. However, they may also suffer from sleep disorders or autonomic dysfunction. Although there are some medications in order to symptomatic management, but unfortunately, scientist could not have found exact approaches to cure this disease. Hence, producing a model which can express the most pathophysiologic and behavioral aspects of the disease is a desire. In this paper, we aimed to describe the different models of Parkinson's disease in brief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Salari
- Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reis J, Benbrick E, Bonneterre V, Spencer P. Parkinson's disease and solvents: Is there a causal link? Rev Neurol (Paris) 2016; 172:761-765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
4
|
Association between Parkinson's Disease and Cigarette Smoking, Rural Living, Well-Water Consumption, Farming and Pesticide Use: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151841. [PMID: 27055126 PMCID: PMC4824443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Bradford Hill’s viewpoints were used to conduct a weight-of-the-evidence assessment of the association between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and rural living, farming and pesticide use. The results were compared with an assessment based upon meta-analysis. For comparison, we also evaluated the association between PD and cigarette smoking as a “positive control” because a strong inverse association has been described consistently in the literature. Methods PubMed was searched systematically to identify all published epidemiological studies that evaluated associations between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cigarette smoking, rural living, well-water consumption, farming and the use of pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides or paraquat. Studies were categorized into two study quality groups (Tier 1 or Tier 2); data were abstracted and a forest plot of relative risks (RRs) was developed for each risk factor. In addition, when available, RRs were tabulated for more highly exposed individuals compared with the unexposed. Summary RRs for each risk factor were calculated by meta-analysis of Tier 1, Tier 2 and all studies combined, with sensitivity analyses stratified by other study characteristics. Indices of between-study heterogeneity and evidence of reporting bias were assessed. Bradford Hill’s viewpoints were used to determine if a causal relationship between PD and each risk factor was supported by the weight of the evidence. Findings There was a consistent inverse (negative) association between current cigarette smoking and PD risk. In contrast, associations between PD and rural living, well-water consumption, farming and the use of pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides or paraquat were less consistent when assessed quantitatively or qualitatively. Conclusion The weight of the evidence and meta-analysis support the conclusion that there is a causal relationship between PD risk and cigarette smoking, or some unknown factor correlated with cigarette smoking. There may be risk factors associated with rural living, farming, pesticide use or well-water consumption that are causally related to PD, but the studies to date have not identified such factors. To overcome the limitations of research in this area, future studies will have to better characterize the onset of PD and its relationship to rural living, farming and exposure to pesticides.
Collapse
|
5
|
Martino R, Candundo H, Lieshout PV, Shin S, Crispo JAG, Barakat-Haddad C. Onset and progression factors in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review. Neurotoxicology 2016; 61:132-141. [PMID: 27058967 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Current research has identified several factors thought to be associated with the onset and progression of Parkinson's Disease (PD); however, whether certain factors contribute to or are protective against PD remains unclear. As such, a systematic search of the literature was performed using variations of MeSH and keyword search terms to identify and summarize systematic reviews and primary studies pertaining to factors associated with the onset and progression of PD. Factors referred to both traditional risk factors and prodromal markers. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, AARP AgeLine, and PDGene. A quality assessment of included systematic reviews was completed using the validated Assessment of the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool. Data extraction targeted reported factors, risk estimates, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Findings identified 11 systematic reviews of sufficient quality reporting factors for PD onset, and no systematic reviews reporting factors for PD progression. In addition, 93 primary articles were identified, of which, 89 articles addressed factors related to PD onset and 4 articles addressed factors related to the PD progression. Pesticide exposure, rural living, well-water drinking, and farming occupation were consistently found to be positively associated with the onset of PD. Moreover, family history and polymorphisms to key genes were also found to be positively associated with the onset of PD. Conversely, coffee consumption, cigarette smoking, and some polymorphisms were consistently found to be negatively associated with the onset of PD. Urate was the only identified factor linked to the progression of PD; it was mostly found to be negatively associated with PD. In sum, the evidence was systematically found and summarized in the literature pertaining to factors related to the onset and progression of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Martino
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Health Care and Outcomes Research, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Hamilton Candundo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pascal van Lieshout
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sabina Shin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Toronto, Canada
| | - James A G Crispo
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Palin O, Herd C, Morrison KE, Jagielski AC, Wheatley K, Thomas GN, Clarke CE. Systematic review and meta-analysis of hydrocarbon exposure and the risk of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2015; 21:243-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
7
|
Gupta V, Garg RK, Pant KK, Khattri S. A study on risk factors for Parkinson׳s disease in Indian population. Bioinformation 2014; 10:342-6. [PMID: 25097376 PMCID: PMC4110424 DOI: 10.6026/97320630010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson׳s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The exact cause of selective dopaminergic neurodegeneration is unknown, but it is supposed that etiology of Parkinson׳s disease is multifactorial and consists of an interaction between environmental factors and genetic predisposition. To find out the association between environmental factors and risk of Parkinson׳s disease, a case control study was designed including 97 Parkinson׳s disease patients and 97 controls. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for Parkinson׳s disease. Results from the present study showed that gender, religion, education, place of living, occupation, dietary habits, tobacco chewing, smoking, alcohol intake, and head injury had no association with PD. However, chemical exposure and well water drinking were significantly associated with PD, which concluded that environmental factors could act as a risk factor for PD in some way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, King George׳s Medical University, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar Garg
- Department of Neurology, King George׳s Medical University, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pant
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, King George׳s Medical University, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Khattri
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, King George׳s Medical University, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition as a pathogenic mechanism in Parkinson disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 110:636-41. [PMID: 23267077 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1220399110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder particularly characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Pesticide exposure has been associated with PD occurrence, and we previously reported that the fungicide benomyl interferes with several cellular processes potentially relevant to PD pathogenesis. Here we propose that benomyl, via its bioactivated thiocarbamate sulfoxide metabolite, inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), leading to accumulation of the reactive dopamine metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), preferential degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and development of PD. This hypothesis is supported by multiple lines of evidence. (i) We previously showed in mice the metabolism of benomyl to S-methyl N-butylthiocarbamate sulfoxide, which inhibits ALDH at nanomolar levels. We report here that benomyl exposure in primary mesencephalic neurons (ii) inhibits ALDH and (iii) alters dopamine homeostasis. It induces selective dopaminergic neuronal damage (iv) in vitro in primary mesencephalic cultures and (v) in vivo in a zebrafish system. (vi) In vitro cell loss was attenuated by reducing DOPAL formation. (vii) In our epidemiology study, higher exposure to benomyl was associated with increased PD risk. This ALDH model for PD etiology may help explain the selective vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons in PD and provide a potential mechanism through which environmental toxicants contribute to PD pathogenesis.
Collapse
|