1
|
Wang W, Fang S, Zhang S, He M, Zhu X, Dong Y, Ma D, Zhao Y, Meng X, Zhang M, Sun J. Gaps in awareness and practice of healthy lifestyles among individuals at high risk of colorectal cancer: A qualitative evidence synthesis. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:5737-5751. [PMID: 36967562 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To systematically examine and review relevant qualitative studies exploring the current lifestyle among individuals at high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), and their awareness of the role of a healthy lifestyle in CRC prevention. BACKGROUND The increasing incidence and mortality of CRC have presented a serious threat against the health and life of people. As the major population affected by CRC, the lifestyle of individuals at a high risk of CRC is attracting increasing attention. DESIGN A qualitative evidence synthesis using the Thomas and Harden method and the PRISMA 2020 checklist provided by the EQUATOR network were used. DATA SOURCES Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO from the inception to December 2021. REVIEW METHODS Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts and identified the eligible studies. Critical appraisals of each included study were performed. Thematic analysis was used to guide the data synthesis. RESULTS The data from nine articles were analysed. Three interpretive themes were extracted that formed an overarching synthesis of the experience with healthy lifestyles among high-risk individuals of CRC. The findings suggested that these individuals with limited awareness of CRC and personal risks lacked sufficient knowledge about the relationship between lifestyle and CRC, and their attitudes and practices towards the role of a healthy lifestyle in CRC prevention were also diversified. CONCLUSION Professionals can potentially provide personalised guidance for healthy lifestyles based on knowledge of prevention, the actual background and social support of individuals at high risk of CRC. IMPACT Considering that knowledge gaps and health beliefs among these individuals are the premise blocking their adoption of a healthy lifestyle, the findings of this review may make contributions to the design and content of public health policy and prevention programs. No patient or public contribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Wang
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Fang
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng He
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangning Zhu
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyang Dong
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfei Ma
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Basic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Janati A, Kabiri N, Khodayari-zarnaq R, Khoshbaten M. Gastrointestinal cancer prevention policies: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis. Int J Prev Med 2022; 13:8. [PMID: 35281982 PMCID: PMC8883678 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_419_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This qualitative systematic review was conducted to summarize the policies for prevention of common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. This study was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and ProQuest databases. Two independent reviewers assessed included studies for methodological quality and extracted data by using standardized tools from Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Primary study findings were read and reread to identify the strategies or policies used in the studies for prevention of gastrointestinal cancers. The extracted findings were categorized on the basis of their similarity in meaning. These categories were then subjected to a meta-synthesis. The final synthesized findings were graded according to the ConQual approach for establishing confidence in the output of qualitative research synthesis. From the nine included studies in this review, 39 findings were extracted and based on their relevance in meaning were aggregated into 12 categories. Four synthesized findings were developed from these categories. We used World Health Organization report on 2000 for synthesizing the findings. The four synthesized findings were “service provision”, “resource generation”, “financing”, and “stewardship”. In order to reach a comprehensive evidence informed policy package for the prevention of gastrointestinal cancers, there should be a great communication among the interventions conducted directly on patients, health system infrastructures, and resources.
Collapse
|
3
|
Murphy B, McShane CM, Santin O, Treanor C, Byrne B, Donnelly M, Anderson LA. Patient's perspectives of living with a precancerous condition: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Eur J Oncol Nurs 2021; 51:101901. [PMID: 33503552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate patient experiences of living with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Living with a premalignant condition such as MGUS may elicit negative psychosocial effects including increased anxiety and fear of progression to cancer. To date, no study utilising qualitative methodology has explored the lived experiences of MGUS patients. METHODS Data was collected via two focus groups and six telephone interviews. MGUS patients (n=14) were recruited via nurse-led haematology telephone-clinics in Northern Ireland. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and the data subjected to thematic analysis. OUTCOME Thematic analysis identified 3 overarching themes; (1) The psychosocial impact of an MGUS diagnosis, (2) Knowledge of MGUS and (3) Experiences of MGUS health services. Patients with MGUS reported experiencing poor psychological adjustment to their condition particularly at the point of diagnosis and approaching follow-up appointments. Feelings of isolation, poor information-provision, increased uncertainty and limited psychosocial support for MGUS patients were also reported. Patients did however reflect positively on their experience of being followed up via nurse-led telephone clinics. CONCLUSIONS Provision of patient friendly information guides at diagnosis, and additional psychosocial support services such as nurse-led telephone clinics and coordinated patient groups may help MGUS patients adjust better to their diagnosis and in doing so improve quality of life in this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blain Murphy
- Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | | | - Olinda Santin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | | | - Bronagh Byrne
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | | | - Lesley A Anderson
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, UK; Aberdeen Centre for Health Data Science, University of Aberdeen, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effectiveness of diet and physical activity interventions amongst adults attending colorectal and breast cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 32:13-26. [PMID: 33161484 PMCID: PMC7796884 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To estimate the effectiveness of tailored physical activity and dietary interventions amongst adults attending colorectal and breast cancer screening. Methods Five literature databases were systematically searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of tailored physical activity and/or dietary interventions with follow-up support initiated through colorectal and breast cancer screening programmes. Outcomes included markers of body fatness, physical activity, and dietary intake. Mean differences (MDs) or standardised mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random effects models. Results Five RCTs met the inclusion criteria encompassing a total of 722 participants. Diet and physical activity interventions led to statistically significant reductions in body mass (MD − 1.6 kg, 95% CI − 2.7 to − 0.39 kg; I2 = 81%; low quality evidence), body mass index (MD − 0.78 kg/m2, 95% CI − 1.1 to − 0.50 kg/m2; I2 = 21%; moderate quality evidence), and waist circumference (MD − 2.9 cm, 95% CI − 3.8 to − 1.91; I2 = 0%; moderate quality evidence), accompanied by an increase in physical activity (SMD 0.31, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.50; I2 = 0%; low quality evidence) and fruit and vegetable intake (SMD 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.64; I2 = 51%; low quality evidence). Conclusion There is low quality evidence that lifestyle interventions involving follow-up support lead to modest weight loss and increased physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake. Due to the modest intervention effects, low quality of evidence and small number of studies, further rigorously designed RCTs with long-term follow-up of modifiable risk factors and embedded cost–benefit analyses are warranted (PROSPERO ref: CRD42020179960). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10552-020-01362-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
5
|
Molecular Aspects of Colorectal Adenomas: The Interplay among Microenvironment, Oxidative Stress, and Predisposition. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1726309. [PMID: 32258104 PMCID: PMC7102468 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1726309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multistep process initiated by a benign polyp that has the potential to evolve into in situ carcinoma through the interactions between environmental and genetic factors. CRC incidence rates are constantly increased for young adult patients presenting an advanced tumor stage. The majority of CRCs arise from colonic adenomas originating from aberrant cell proliferation of colon epithelium. Endoscopic polypectomy represents a tool for early detection and removal of polyps, although the occurrence of cancers after negative colonoscopy shows a significant incidence. It has long been recognized that the aberrant regulation of Wingless/It (Wnt)/β-Catenin signaling in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is supported by its critical role in the differentiation of stem cells in intestinal crypts and in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. For this review, we will focus on the development of adenomatous polyps through the interplay between renewal signaling in the colon epithelium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The current knowledge of molecular pathology allows us to deepen the relationships between oxidative stress and other risk factors as lifestyle, microbiota, and predisposition. We underline that the chronic inflammation and ROS production in the colon epithelium can impair the Wnt/β-catenin and/or base excision repair (BER) pathways and predispose to polyp development. In fact, the coexistence of oxidative DNA damage and errors in DNA polymerase can foster C>T transitions in various types of cancer and adenomas, leading to a hypermutated phenotype of tumor cells. Moreover, the function of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) protein in regulating DNA repair is very important as therapeutic implication making DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents more effective in CRC cells that tend to accumulate mutations. Additional studies will determine whether approaches based on Wnt inhibition would provide long-term therapeutic value in CRC, but it is clear that APC disruption plays a central role in driving and maintaining tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|
6
|
Anderson AS, Caswell S, Mowat C, Strachan JA, Steele RJC. Lifestyle in patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:570-577. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening Cancer Research Division Ninewells Hospital & Medical School Dundee UK
| | - S. Caswell
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening Cancer Research Division Ninewells Hospital & Medical School Dundee UK
| | - C. Mowat
- Department of Gastroenterology Ninewells Hospital Dundee UK
| | | | - R. J. C. Steele
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening Cancer Research Division Ninewells Hospital & Medical School Dundee UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kassianos AP, Raats MM, Gage H. Post-diagnostic dietary changes in prostate cancer: associations with patients’ wellbeing and the perceptions of GPs. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 26. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Kassianos
- Department of Applied Health Research; University College London; London UK
| | - M. M. Raats
- Consumer Behaviour and Health Research Centre; University of Surrey; Guildford UK
- School of Psychology; University of Surrey; Guildford UK
| | - H. Gage
- School of Economics; University of Surrey; Guildford UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beeken RJ, Williams K, Wardle J, Croker H. "What about diet?" A qualitative study of cancer survivors' views on diet and cancer and their sources of information. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 25:774-83. [PMID: 27349812 PMCID: PMC4995727 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Given the abundance of misreporting about diet and cancer in the media and online, cancer survivors are at risk of misinformation. The aim of this study was to explore cancer survivors' beliefs about diet quality and cancer, the impact on their behaviour and sources of information. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adult cancer survivors in the United Kingdom who had been diagnosed with any cancer in adulthood and were not currently receiving treatment (n = 19). Interviews were analysed using Thematic Analysis. Emergent themes highlighted that participants were aware of diet affecting risk for the development of cancer, but were less clear about its role in recurrence. Nonetheless, their cancer diagnosis appeared to be a prompt for dietary change; predominantly to promote general health. Changes were generally consistent with healthy eating recommendations, although dietary supplements and other non-evidence-based actions were mentioned. Participants reported that they had not generally received professional advice about diet and were keen to know more, but were often unsure about information from other sources. The views of our participants suggest cancer survivors would welcome guidance from health professionals. Advice that provides clear recommendations, and which emphasises the benefits of healthy eating for overall well-being, may be particularly well-received.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R J Beeken
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - K Williams
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - H Croker
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Awareness of Lifestyle and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Findings from the BeWEL Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:871613. [PMID: 26504842 PMCID: PMC4609381 DOI: 10.1155/2015/871613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that 47% of colorectal cancers (CRC) could be prevented by appropriate lifestyles. This study aimed to identify awareness of the causes of CRC in patients who had been diagnosed with a colorectal adenoma through the Scottish Bowel Screening Programme and subsequently enrolled in an intervention trial (using diet and physical activity education and behavioural change techniques) (BeWEL). At baseline and 12-month follow-up, participants answered an open-ended question on factors influencing CRC development. Of the 329 participants at baseline, 40 (12%) reported that they did not know any risk factors and 36 (11%) failed to identify specific factors related to diet and activity. From a potential knowledge score of 1 to 6, the mean score was 1.5 (SD 1.1, range 0 to 5) with no difference between intervention and control groups. At follow-up, the intervention group had a significantly greater knowledge score and better weight loss, diet, and physical activity measures than the control group. Awareness of relevant lifestyle factors for CRC remains low in people at increased risk of the disease. Opportunities within routine NHS screening to aid the capability (including knowledge of risk factors) of individuals to make behavioural changes to reduce CRC risk deserve exploration.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kassianos AP, Coyle A, Raats MM. Perceived influences on post-diagnostic dietary change among a group of men with prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2015. [PMID: 26202726 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A cancer diagnosis is often associated with loss of agency and control that can adversely affect well-being. Patients may try to regain control through dietary change aimed at preventing progression and/or recurrence. Evidence for the effectiveness of post-diagnostic dietary change in prostate cancer is not conclusive, which can cause uncertainty among patients and health professionals. This qualitative study explored how eight men in the U.K., who had been diagnosed with prostate cancer in the previous 5 years, accounted for any post-diagnostic changes they made to their diet. Data were generated through semi-structured telephone interviews and were subjected to thematic analysis. This yielded two themes concerning the perceived nature and importance of dietary change and the perceived determinants of dietary change. The latter focused on internal dimensions such as agency and external dimensions such as the perceived role of relationships with health professionals, the availability of credible dietary information and family influences. The study points to the importance of the family context in enabling the men to implement dietary change. It is suggested that, even if health professionals can only offer qualified, general advice about diet, this may provide men with a focus for action and a means of regaining control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P Kassianos
- Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Coyle
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK
| | - M M Raats
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anderson AS, Craigie AM, Caswell S, Treweek S, Stead M, Macleod M, Daly F, Belch J, Rodger J, Kirk A, Ludbrook A, Rauchhaus P, Norwood P, Thompson J, Wardle J, Steele RJC. The impact of a bodyweight and physical activity intervention (BeWEL) initiated through a national colorectal cancer screening programme: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2014; 348:g1823. [PMID: 24609919 PMCID: PMC3945930 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.g1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a diet and physical activity intervention (BeWEL) on weight change in people with a body mass index >25 weight (kg)/height (m)(2) at increased risk of colorectal cancer and other obesity related comorbidities. DESIGN Multicentre, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. SETTING Four Scottish National Health Service health boards. PARTICIPANTS 329 overweight or obese adults (aged 50 to 74 years) who had undergone colonoscopy after a positive faecal occult blood test result, as part of the national bowel screening programme, and had a diagnosis of adenoma confirmed by histopathology. 163 were randomised to intervention and 166 to control. INTERVENTION Participants were randomised to a control group (weight loss booklet only) or 12 month intervention group (three face to face visits with a lifestyle counsellor plus monthly 15 minute telephone calls). A goal of 7% reduction in body weight was set and participants received a personalised energy prescription (2508 kJ (600 kcal) below that required for weight maintenance) and bodyweight scales. Motivational interviewing techniques explored self assessed confidence, ambivalence, and personal values concerning weight. Behavioural strategies included goal setting, identifying intentions of implementation, self monitoring of body weight, and counsellor feedback about reported diet, physical activity, and weight change. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was weight change over 12 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting cardiovascular biomarkers, and glucose metabolism variables, physical activity, diet, and alcohol consumption. RESULTS At 12 months, data on the primary outcome were available for 148 (91%) participants in the intervention group and 157 (95%) in the control group. Mean weight loss was 3.50 kg (SD 4.91) (95% confidence interval 2.70 to 4.30) in the intervention group compared with 0.78 kg (SD 3.77) (0.19 to 1.38) in the control group. The group difference was 2.69 kg (95% confidence interval 1.70 to 3.67). Differences between groups were significant for waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose level, diet, and physical activity. No reported adverse events were considered to be related to trial participation. CONCLUSIONS Significant weight loss can be achieved by a diet and physical activity intervention initiated within a national colorectal cancer screening programme, offering considerable potential for risk reduction of disease in older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN53033856.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Cancer Division, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tarr GP, Crowley A, John R, Kok JB, Lee HNL, Mustafa H, Sii KM, Smith R, Son SEQ, Weaver LJ, Cameron C, Dockerty JD, Schultz M, Murray IA. Do high risk patients alter their lifestyle to reduce risk of colorectal cancer? BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:22. [PMID: 24507382 PMCID: PMC3922190 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-14-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) may be reduced by healthy lifestyle behaviours. We determined the extent of self-reported lifestyle changes in people at increased risk of CRC, and the association of these reports with anxiety, risk and knowledge-based variables. METHODS We randomly selected 250 participants who had undergone surveillance colonoscopy for family history of CRC. A telephone interview was conducted, recording demographics and family history. Self-reported lifestyle change due to thoughts about CRC across a range of dietary and lifestyle variables was assessed on a four-point scale. Participants' perceptions of the following were recorded: risk factor knowledge, personal risk, and worry due to family history. General anxiety was assessed using the GAD-7 scale. Ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted results. RESULTS There were 148 participants (69% response). 79.7% reported at least one healthy change. Change in diet and physical activity were most frequently reported (fiber, 63%; fruit and vegetables, 54%; red meat, 47%; physical activity, 45%), with consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and body weight less likely (tobacco, 25%; alcohol, 26%; weight 31%). People were more likely to report healthy change with lower levels of generalized anxiety, higher worry due to family history, or greater perceived knowledge of CRC risk factors. Risk perception and risk due to family history were not associated with healthy changes. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported lifestyle changes due to thoughts about CRC were common. Lower general anxiety levels, worries due to family history, and perceived knowledge of risk factors may stimulate healthy changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Schultz
- Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dennis DL, Waring JL, Payeur N, Cosby C, Daudt HML. Making lifestyle changes after colorectal cancer: insights for program development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:e493-511. [PMID: 24311950 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyle behaviours may improve outcomes for people with colorectal cancer (crc), but the intention to take action and to change those behaviours may vary with time and resource availability. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of current lifestyle behaviours in people with and without crc in our community, and to identify their desire to change and their resource preferences. METHODS A mixed-methods survey was completed by people diagnosed with crc who were pre-treatment (n = 54), undergoing treatment (n = 62), or done with treatment for less than 6 months (n = 67) or for more than 6 months (n = 178), and by people without cancer (n = 83). RESULTS Current lifestyle behaviours were similar in all groups, with the exception of vigorous physical activity levels, which were significantly lower in the pre-treatment and ongoing treatment respondents than in cancer-free respondents. Significantly more crc respondents than respondents without cancer had made lifestyle changes. Among the crc respondents, dietary change was the change most frequently made (39.3%), and increased physical activity was the change most frequently desired (39.1%). Respondents wanted to use complementary and alternative medicine (cam), reading materials, self-efficacy, and group activities to make future changes. CONCLUSIONS Resources for lifestyle change should be made available for people diagnosed with crc, and should be tailored to address physical activity, cam, and diet. Lifestyle programs offered throughout the cancer trajectory and beyond treatment completion might be well received by people with crc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Dennis
- Clinical Research, BC Cancer Agency-Vancouver Island Centre, Victoria, BC. ; Supportive Care Research Centre, The Alex and Jo Campbell Patient and Family Support Centre, BC Cancer Agency-Vancouver Island Centre, Victoria, BC
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Anderson AS, Mackison D, Boath C, Steele R. Promoting Changes in Diet and Physical Activity in Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening Settings: An Unexplored Opportunity for Endorsing Healthy Behaviors. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:165-72. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|