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Alanazi J, Bender O, Dogan R, Malik JA, Atalay A, Ali TFS, Beshr EAM, Shawky AM, Aly OM, Alqahtani YNH, Anwar S. Combination of an Oxindole Derivative with (-)-β-Elemene Alters Cell Death Pathways in FLT3/ITD + Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:5253. [PMID: 37446914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the cancers that grow most aggressively. The challenges in AML management are huge, despite many treatment options. Mutations in FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptors make the currently available therapies less responsive. Therefore, there is a need to find new lead molecules that can specifically target mutated FLT3 to block growth factor signaling and inhibit AML cell proliferation. Our previous studies on FLT3-mutated AML cells demonstrated that β-elemene and compound 5a showed strong inhibition of proliferation by blocking the mutated FLT3 receptor and altering the key apoptotic genes responsible for apoptosis. Furthermore, we hypothesized that both β-elemene and compound 5a could be therapeutically effective. Therefore, combining these drugs against mutated FLT3 cells could be promising. In this context, dose-matrix combination-based cellular inhibition analyses, cell morphology studies and profiling of 43 different apoptotic protein targets via combinatorial treatment were performed. Our studies provide strong evidence for the hypothesis that β-elemene and compound 5a combination considerably increased the therapeutic potential of both compounds by enhancing the activation of several key targets implicated in AML cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Onur Bender
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara 06135, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Dogan
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara 06135, Turkey
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, India
| | - Arzu Atalay
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara 06135, Turkey
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Aly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
| | | | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
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Pherez-Farah A, López-Sánchez RDC, Villela-Martínez LM, Ortiz-López R, Beltrán BE, Hernández-Hernández JA. Sphingolipids and Lymphomas: A Double-Edged Sword. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2051. [PMID: 35565181 PMCID: PMC9104519 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas are a highly heterogeneous group of hematological neoplasms. Given their ethiopathogenic complexity, their classification and management can become difficult tasks; therefore, new approaches are continuously being sought. Metabolic reprogramming at the lipid level is a hot topic in cancer research, and sphingolipidomics has gained particular focus in this area due to the bioactive nature of molecules such as sphingoid bases, sphingosine-1-phosphate, ceramides, sphingomyelin, cerebrosides, globosides, and gangliosides. Sphingolipid metabolism has become especially exciting because they are involved in virtually every cellular process through an extremely intricate metabolic web; in fact, no two sphingolipids share the same fate. Unsurprisingly, a disruption at this level is a recurrent mechanism in lymphomagenesis, dissemination, and chemoresistance, which means potential biomarkers and therapeutical targets might be hiding within these pathways. Many comprehensive reviews describing their role in cancer exist, but because most research has been conducted in solid malignancies, evidence in lymphomagenesis is somewhat limited. In this review, we summarize key aspects of sphingolipid biochemistry and discuss their known impact in cancer biology, with a particular focus on lymphomas and possible therapeutical strategies against them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Pherez-Farah
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Mario Villela-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80030, Sinaloa, Mexico
- Hospital Fernando Ocaranza, ISSSTE, Hermosillo 83190, Sonora, Mexico
- Centro Médico Dr. Ignacio Chávez, ISSSTESON, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Rocío Ortiz-López
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Brady E Beltrán
- Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima 15072, Peru
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 1801, Peru
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Co-Stimulatory versus Cell Death Aspects of Agonistic CD40 Monoclonal Antibody Selicrelumab in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123084. [PMID: 34205588 PMCID: PMC8234015 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Previous observations have shown that CD40 activation of CLL cells via coculture with CD40L-expressing fibroblasts increases sensitivity to cell death by CD20 mAbs rituximab and obinutuzumab. We studied the activity of the fully human-agonistic CD40 mAb selicrelumab in primary CLL cells in relation to cell activation, induced pro-survival profile and sensitization for cell death by aCD20 mAbs. We found that the pro-survival effect of selicrelumab is minimal, while cell death by combined selicrelumab plus anti-CD20 antibody treatment is maintained. Thus, further investigation of applying selicrelumab combined with anti-CD20 mAbs in a therapeutic setting might be considered. Abstract Objectives: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common form of leukemia with a heterogeneous clinical course that remains incurable due to the development of therapy resistance. In lymph node proliferation centers, signals from the microenvironment such as CD40 ligation through interaction with follicular T helper cells shield CLL cells from apoptosis. Previous observations have shown that, despite CD40-induced changes in apoptotic mediators resulting in cell survival, CD40 activation also increases sensitivity to cell death by CD20 mAbs rituximab and obinutuzumab. To further investigate these observations, we here studied the activity of the fully human agonistic CD40 mAb selicrelumab in primary CLL cells in relation to cell activation, induced pro-survival profile, and sensitization for cell death by aCD20 mAbs, in vitro. Methods: CLL cells from peripheral blood were isolated by the Ficoll density method. The expression of activation markers and cytokine production following CD40 stimulation was quantified by flow cytometry and ELISA. The anti-apoptotic profile of CLL induced by stimulation was evaluated by the expression of BCL-2 proteins with Western blot, and resistance to venetoclax with flow cytometry. Cell death induced by the combination of selicrelumab and aCD20 mAbs was quantified by flow cytometry. Results: CLL cells treated with selicrelumab upregulated co-stimulatory molecules such as CD86, TNF-α and death receptor CD95/Fas. In contrast to the CD40 ligand-transfected NIH3T3 cells, induction of resistance to venetoclax by selicrelumab was very moderate. Importantly, selicrelumab stimulation positively sensitized CLL cells to CD20-induced cell death, comparable to CD40 ligand-transfected NIH3T3 cells. Conclusions: Taken together, these novel insights into selicrelumab-stimulatory effects in CLL may be considered for developing new therapeutic strategies, particularly in combination with obinutuzumab.
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He Q, Xue S, Wa Q, He M, Feng S, Chen Z, Chen W, Luo X. Mining immune-related genes with prognostic value in the tumor microenvironment of breast invasive ductal carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25715. [PMID: 33907159 PMCID: PMC8084029 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the development of breast cancer. Due to limitations in experimental conditions, the molecular mechanism of TME in breast cancer has not yet been elucidated. With the development of bioinformatics, the study of TME has become convenient and reliable.Gene expression and clinical feature data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium database. Immune scores and stromal scores were calculated using the Estimation of Stromal and Immune Cells in Malignant Tumor Tissues Using Expression Data algorithm. The interaction of genes was examined with protein-protein interaction and co-expression analysis. The function of genes was analyzed by gene ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis and gene set enrichment analysis. The clinical significance of genes was assessed with Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analysis.Our results showed that the immune scores and stromal scores of breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) were significantly lower than those of invasive lobular carcinoma. The immune scores were significantly related to overall survival of breast IDC patients and both the immune and stromal scores were significantly related to clinical features of these patients. According to the level of immune/stromal scores, 179 common differentially expressed genes and 5 hub genes with prognostic value were identified. In addition, the clinical significance of the hub genes was validated with data from the molecular taxonomy of breast cancer international consortium database, and gene set enrichment analysis analysis showed that these hub genes were mainly enriched in signaling pathways of the immune system and breast cancer.We identified five immune-related hub genes with prognostic value in the TME of breast IDC, which may partly determine the prognosis of breast cancer and provide some direction for development of targeted treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang He
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital
| | | | - Qingbiao Wa
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital
| | - Mei He
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital
| | - Shuang Feng
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital
| | - Zhibing Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Chengdu Second People's Hospital
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinrong Luo
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Szenajch J, Szabelska-Beręsewicz A, Świercz A, Zyprych-Walczak J, Siatkowski I, Góralski M, Synowiec A, Handschuh L. Transcriptome Remodeling in Gradual Development of Inverse Resistance between Paclitaxel and Cisplatin in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9218. [PMID: 33287223 PMCID: PMC7730278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to anti-cancer drugs is the main challenge in oncology. In pre-clinical studies, established cancer cell lines are primary tools in deciphering molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon. In this study, we proposed a new, transcriptome-focused approach, utilizing a model of isogenic cancer cell lines with gradually changing resistance. We analyzed trends in gene expression in the aim to find out a scaffold of resistance development process. The ovarian cancer cell line A2780 was treated with stepwise increased concentrations of paclitaxel (PTX) to generate a series of drug resistant sublines. To monitor transcriptome changes we submitted them to mRNA-sequencing, followed by the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering. Functional interactions of proteins, encoded by DEGs, were analyzed by building protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. We obtained human ovarian cancer cell lines with gradually developed resistance to PTX and collateral sensitivity to cisplatin (CDDP) (inverse resistance). In their transcriptomes, we identified two groups of DEGs: (1) With fluctuations in expression in the course of resistance acquiring; and (2) with a consistently changed expression at each stage of resistance development, constituting a scaffold of the process. In the scaffold PPI network, the cell cycle regulator-polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2); proteins belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand and receptor family, as well as to the ephrin receptor family were found, and moreover, proteins linked to osteo- and chondrogenesis and the nervous system development. Our cellular model of drug resistance allowed for keeping track of trends in gene expression and studying this phenomenon as a process of evolution, reflected by global transcriptome remodeling. This approach enabled us to explore novel candidate genes and surmise that abrogation of the osteomimic phenotype in ovarian cancer cells might occur during the development of inverse resistance between PTX and CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Szenajch
- Laboratory for Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Alicja Szabelska-Beręsewicz
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (J.Z.-W.); (I.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Świercz
- Laboratory of Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, 61-704 Poznań, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.G.); (L.H.)
- Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Zyprych-Walczak
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (J.Z.-W.); (I.S.)
| | - Idzi Siatkowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (J.Z.-W.); (I.S.)
| | - Michał Góralski
- Laboratory of Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, 61-704 Poznań, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Agnieszka Synowiec
- Laboratory for Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Luiza Handschuh
- Laboratory of Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, 61-704 Poznań, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.G.); (L.H.)
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Sheikholeslami K, Ali Sher A, Lockman S, Kroft D, Ganjibakhsh M, Nejati-Koshki K, Shojaei S, Ghavami S, Rastegar M. Simvastatin Induces Apoptosis in Medulloblastoma Brain Tumor Cells via Mevalonate Cascade Prenylation Substrates. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070994. [PMID: 31319483 PMCID: PMC6678292 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a common pediatric brain tumor and one of the main types of solid cancers in children below the age of 10. Recently, cholesterol-lowering “statin” drugs have been highlighted for their possible anti-cancer effects. Clinically, statins are reported to have promising potential for consideration as an adjuvant therapy in different types of cancers. However, the anti-cancer effects of statins in medulloblastoma brain tumor cells are not currently well-defined. Here, we investigated the cell death mechanisms by which simvastatin mediates its effects on different human medulloblastoma cell lines. Simvastatin is a lipophilic drug that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and has pleotropic effects. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase prevents the formation of essential downstream intermediates in the mevalonate cascade, such as farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and gernaylgerany parophosphate (GGPP). These intermediates are involved in the activation pathway of small Rho GTPase proteins in different cell types. We observed that simvastatin significantly induces dose-dependent apoptosis in three different medulloblastoma brain tumor cell lines (Daoy, D283, and D341 cells). Our investigation shows that simvastatin-induced cell death is regulated via prenylation intermediates of the cholesterol metabolism pathway. Our results indicate that the induction of different caspases (caspase 3, 7, 8, and 9) depends on the nature of the medulloblastoma cell line. Western blot analysis shows that simvastatin leads to changes in the expression of regulator proteins involved in apoptosis, such as Bax, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl. Taken together, our data suggests the potential application of a novel non-classical adjuvant therapy for medulloblastoma, through the regulation of protein prenylation intermediates that occurs via inhibition of the mevalonate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Sheikholeslami
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, BMSB 627, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Annan Ali Sher
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, BMSB 627, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Sandhini Lockman
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, BMSB 627, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Daniel Kroft
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, BMSB 627, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Meysam Ganjibakhsh
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, BMSB 627, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Kazem Nejati-Koshki
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, BMSB 627, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mojgan Rastegar
- Regenerative Medicine Program, and Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, BMSB 627, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
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Wu H, Chen S, Yu J, Li Y, Zhang XY, Yang L, Zhang H, Hou Q, Jiang M, Brunicardi FC, Wang C, Wu S. Single-cell Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Molecular Signals to Intrinsic and Acquired Paclitaxel Resistance in Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells. Cancer Lett 2018; 420:156-167. [PMID: 29410067 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is widely used in the combination chemotherapy for many cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the paclitaxel resistance occurs frequently in treating ESCC and the mechanism is not fully understood yet. The heterogeneity of gene expression within the drug-resistant cancer cells may be one of the major factors contributing to its resistance. In the present study, we successfully induced paclitaxel resistance in ESCC cell line KYSE-30 through low dose and long-term treatment of paclitaxel. Gene expression profiles were measured utilizing population RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq). 37 single cells from KYSE-30 cells and 73 single cells from paclitaxel resistant KYSE-30 cells (Taxol-R) were subjected to scRNA-seq. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of scRNA-seq data revealed two major subpopulations in both KYSE-30 and Taxol-R cancer cells. Two subpopulations based on the KRT19 expression levels in KYSE-30 cells exhibited different paclitaxel sensitivity, suggesting the existence of an intrinsic paclitaxel resistance in KYSE-30 cells. In addition, the Taxol-R cells that acquired the resistance to paclitaxel through induction were characterized with higher expressions of proteasomes but a lower expression of HIF-1 signaling genes. Furthermore, we showed that carfilzomib (CFZ), a proteasome inhibitor, could attenuate the paclitaxel resistance in Taxol-R cancer cells through activating the HIF-1 signaling. Our new finding may pave a way leading to an improvement in the treatment on cancers including ESCC by combining CFZ with paclitaxel as a novel approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Center for Genomics & Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; Department of Life Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sean Chen
- Center for Genomics & Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Juehua Yu
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Ling Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Hongfang Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Qiang Hou
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - F Charles Brunicardi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| | - Charles Wang
- Center for Genomics & Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Shixiu Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 320000, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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Korniluk A, Kemona H, Dymicka-Piekarska V. Multifunctional CD40L: pro- and anti-neoplastic activity. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:9447-57. [PMID: 25117071 PMCID: PMC4213374 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD40 ligand is a type I transmembrane protein that belongs to a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. It is present not only on the surface of activated CD4+ T cells, B cells, blood platelets, monocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells but also on cancer cells. The receptor for ligand is constitutively expressed on cells, TNF family protein: CD40. The role of the CD40/CD40L pathway in the induction of body immunity, in inflammation, or in hemostasis has been well documented, whereas its involvement in neoplastic disease is still under investigation. CD40L ligand may potentiate apoptosis of tumor cells by activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), AP-1, CD95, or caspase-depended pathways and stimulate host immunity to defend against cancer. Although CD40L has a major contribution to anti-cancer activity, many reports point at its ambivalent nature. CD40L enhance release of strongly pro-angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and activator of coagulation, TF, the level of which is correlated with tumor metastasis. CD40L involvement in the inhibition of tumor progression has led to the emergence of not only therapy using recombinant forms of the ligand and vaccines in the treatment of cancer but also therapy consisting of inhibiting platelets-main source of CD40L. This article is a review of studies on the ambivalent role of CD40L in neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Korniluk
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland,
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Oxidative Stress and Lung Cancer. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0497-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Rimessi A, Patergnani S, Ioannidi E, Pinton P. Chemoresistance and Cancer-Related Inflammation: Two Hallmarks of Cancer Connected by an Atypical Link, PKCζ. Front Oncol 2013; 3:232. [PMID: 24062985 PMCID: PMC3770915 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical protein kinase C isoforms are serine threonine kinases involved in various pathological conditions. In recent years, the PKCζ isoform has emerged as an important regulator of multiple cellular processes operating in cancer. In this review, we will focus on the PKCζ isoform as an oxidative-sensing kinase involved in cancer-related inflammation and chemoresistance. We will discuss its nuclear localization and its possible pivotal role in connecting inflammation with drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rimessi
- Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI), University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
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Li D, Zhong Y, Zhou Y, Sun H, Zheng X, Zhao C, Yan Y, Lin Y, Liao L, Wang X. Autocrine TNF-α-mediated NF-κB activation is a determinant for evasion of CD40-induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 436:467-72. [PMID: 23751348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activation of CD40 by CD40L results in diverse effects on different malignant cells, causing either promotion of survival, growth and resistance to chemotherapy, or induction of cytostasis and apoptosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying CD40-mediated growth regulation and apoptosis induction in cancer cell are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of NF-κB activation in CD40-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells. The results show that activation of CD40 by recombinant soluble CD40 ligand (rsCD40L) readily induced NF-κB activation and blocking NF-κB significantly enhanced rsCD40L-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Importantly, autocrine of TNF-α induced by rsCD40L was indispensable for both NF-κB activation and cytotoxicity induction, establishing a dual role of autocrine TNF-α that constitutes both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic arms of CD40 signaling. Our results indicate that autocrine TNF-α-mediated NF-κB activation is a determinant for cancer cells' evasion of CD40L-induced cytotoxicity and blocking NF-κB may have potential for improve the value of CD40 as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoxia Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Li X, Wang S, Chen Y, Liu G, Yang X. Overexpression of CD40 in Sacral Chordomas and Its Correlation with Low Tumor Recurrence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 36:567-71. [DOI: 10.1159/000355334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Barrera G. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation products in cancer progression and therapy. ISRN ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:137289. [PMID: 23119185 PMCID: PMC3483701 DOI: 10.5402/2012/137289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 550] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an altered redox status are common biochemical aspects in cancer cells. ROS can react with the polyunsaturated fatty acids of lipid membranes and induce lipid peroxidation. The end products of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), have been considered to be a second messenger of oxidative stress.
Beyond ROS involvement in carcinogenesis, increased ROS level can inhibit tumor cell growth. Indeed, in tumors in advanced stages, a further increase of oxidative stress, such as that occurs when using several anticancer drugs and radiation therapy, can overcome the antioxidant defenses of cancer cells and drive them to apoptosis. High concentrations of HNE can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, some cells escape the apoptosis induced by chemical or radiation therapy through the adaptation to intrinsic oxidative stress which confers drug resistance. This paper is focused on recent advances in the studies of the relation between oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation products, and cancer progression with particular attention to the pro-oxidant anticancer agents and the drug-resistant mechanisms, which could be modulated to obtain a better response to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Barrera
- Department of Medicine and Experimental Oncology, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy
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14
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Kumar S, Kunec D, Buza JJ, Chiang HI, Zhou H, Subramaniam S, Pendarvis K, Cheng HH, Burgess SC. Nuclear Factor kappa B is central to Marek's disease herpesvirus induced neoplastic transformation of CD30 expressing lymphocytes in-vivo. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2012; 6:123. [PMID: 22979947 PMCID: PMC3472249 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-6-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Marek’s Disease (MD) is a hyperproliferative, lymphomatous, neoplastic disease of chickens caused by the oncogenic Gallid herpesvirus type 2 (GaHV-2; MDV). Like several human lymphomas the neoplastic MD lymphoma cells overexpress the CD30 antigen (CD30hi) and are in minority, while the non-neoplastic cells (CD30lo) form the majority of population. MD is a unique natural in-vivo model of human CD30hi lymphomas with both natural CD30hi lymphomagenesis and spontaneous regression. The exact mechanism of neoplastic transformation from CD30lo expressing phenotype to CD30hi expressing neoplastic phenotype is unknown. Here, using microarray, proteomics and Systems Biology modeling; we compare the global gene expression of CD30lo and CD30hi cells to identify key pathways of neoplastic transformation. We propose and test a specific mechanism of neoplastic transformation, and genetic resistance, involving the MDV oncogene Meq, host gene products of the Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) family and CD30; we also identify a novel Meq protein interactome. Results Our results show that a) CD30lo lymphocytes are pre-neoplastic precursors and not merely reactive lymphocytes; b) multiple transformation mechanisms exist and are potentially controlled by Meq; c) Meq can drive a feed-forward cycle that induces CD30 transcription, increases CD30 signaling which activates NF-κB, and, in turn, increases Meq transcription; d) Meq transcriptional repression or activation of the CD30 promoter generally correlates with polymorphisms in the CD30 promoter distinguishing MD-lymphoma resistant and susceptible chicken genotypes e) MDV oncoprotein Meq interacts with proteins involved in physiological processes central to lymphomagenesis. Conclusions In the context of the MD lymphoma microenvironment (and potentially in other CD30hi lymphomas as well), our results show that the neoplastic transformation is a continuum and the non-neoplastic cells are actually pre-neoplastic precursor cells and not merely immune bystanders. We also show that NF-κB is a central player in MDV induced neoplastic transformation of CD30-expressing lymphocytes in vivo. Our results provide insights into molecular mechanisms of neoplastic transformation in MD specifically and also herpesvirus induced lymphoma in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamesh Kumar
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS 39762, USA.
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15
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Over-expression of Thioredoxin-1 mediates growth, survival, and chemoresistance and is a druggable target in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2012; 3:314-26. [PMID: 22447839 PMCID: PMC3359887 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse Large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) are the most prevalent of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas and are currently initially treated fairly successfully, but frequently relapse as refractory disease, resulting in poor salvage therapy options and short survival. The greatest challenge in improving survival of DLBCL patients is overcoming chemo-resistance, whose basis is poorly understood. Among the potential mediators of DLBCL chemo-resistance is the thioredxoin (Trx) family, primarily because Trx family members play critical roles in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis, and recent studies have indicated that dysregulated redox homeostasis also plays a key role in chemoresistance. In this study, we showed that most of the DLBCL-derived cell lines and primary DLBCL cells express higher basal levels of Trx-1 than normal B cells and that Trx-1 expression level is associated with decreased patients survival. Our functional studies showed that inhibition of Trx-1 by small interfering RNA or a Trx-1 inhibitor (PX-12) inhibited DLBCL cell growth, clonogenicity, and also sensitized DLBCL cells to doxorubicin-induced cell growth inhibition in vitro. These results indicate that Trx-1 plays a key role in cell growth and survival, as well as chemoresistance, and is a potential target to overcome drug resistance in relapsed/refractory DLBCL.
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16
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Tanaka T, Toujima S, Tanaka J. Differential sensitivity to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and growth suppression in paclitaxel-resistant cell lines established from HEC-1 human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2012; 41:1837-44. [PMID: 22923148 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate acquired paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in cancer cells, we established five monoclonal PTX-resistant cell lines from HEC-1 human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells by means of long-term PTX-exposed cultures and limiting dilution cultures. The established PTX-resistant subclones showed apparent resistance to PTX-induced DNA fragmentation but not to PTX-induced growth suppression. None of the five PTX-resistant subclones showed apparent resistance to other anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, etoposide, 5-fluorouracil, pirarubicin-HCl, 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide or mitomycin C. Semiquantitative flow cytometric analysis revealed no apparent differential expression of 17 molecules that were previously reported to regulate apoptosis or drug resistance, between the five PTX-resistant subclones and the parent cells. Karyotyping analysis revealed common changes in chromosomes 4 and 18 in the five PTX-resistant subclones but not in the HEC-1 parent cells. These results indicate that PTX-induced growth suppression is regulated by different mechanisms from those involved in PTX-induced apoptosis. It was concluded that these established PTX-resistant subclones can be useful models in studies related to the prevention or treatment of recurrent cancers after PTX chemotherapy.
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17
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Reversion of p-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in human leukemic cell line by diallyl trisulfide. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:719805. [PMID: 22919419 PMCID: PMC3418761 DOI: 10.1155/2012/719805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the major obstacle in chemotherapy, which involves multiple signaling pathways. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is the main sulfuric compound in garlic. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether DATS could overcome P-glycoprotein-(P-gp-)mediated MDR in K562/A02 cells, and to investigate whether NF-κB suppression is involved in DATS-induced reversal of MDR. MTT assay revealed that cotreatment with DATS increased the response of K562/A02 cells to adriamycin (the resistance reversal fold was 3.79) without toxic side effects. DATS could enhance the intracellular concentration of adriamycin by inhibiting the function and expression of P-gp, as shown by flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and western blot. In addition, DATS resulted in more K562/A02 cell apoptosis, accompanied by increased expression of caspase-3. The expression of NF-κB/p65 (downregulation) was significantly linked to the drug-resistance mechanism of DATS, whereas the expression of IκBα was not affected by DATS. Our findings demonstrated that DATS can serve as a novel, nontoxic modulator of MDR, and can reverse the MDR of K562/A02 cells in vitro by increasing intracellular adriamycin concentration and inducing apoptosis. More importantly, we proved for the first time that the suppression of NF-κB possibly involves the molecular mechanism in the course of reversion by DATS.
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18
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Tsirakis G, Pappa CA, Psarakis FE, Fragioudaki M, Tsioutis C, Stavroulaki E, Boula A, Alexandrakis MG. Serum concentrations and clinical significance of soluble CD40 ligand in patients with multiple myeloma. Med Oncol 2012; 29:2396-401. [PMID: 22403003 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease of plasma cells that express the CD40 receptor. Binding of the CD40 by its natural ligand, CD40 ligand (CD40L), produces growth arrest and/or apoptosis in MM. To evaluate serum levels of soluble CD40L (sCD40L) in MM patients and to correlate them with markers of disease activity and angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), proliferation marker Ki-67 proliferation index (Ki-67 PI) and bone marrow plasma cell infiltration, fifty-eight MM patients were studied in diagnosis and 43 of them after completion of treatment. Serum levels of sCD40L, VEGF, HGF and IL-6 were measured by ELISA, whereas Ki-67 PI and bone marrow plasma cell infiltration were measured by immunohistochemistry. Pre-treatment levels of sCD40L in MM patients were higher compared to controls and to their levels after effective treatment. Treatment regimen did not affect the degree of reduction of sCD40L levels, whereas patient in partial remission had increased levels compared to those with better response. Significant differences were found among disease stages. There were also positive correlations between CD40L with HGF, VEGF, IL-6 and Ki-67 PI. Elevated serum sCD40L is found in patients with advanced MM stage and can be reduced after effective treatment. Increased levels of this mediator are correlated with angiogenic cytokines, providing evidences that CD40L/CD40 interactions play a significant role in the mechanisms of angiogenesis in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tsirakis
- Haematology Department, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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19
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Sun H, Zhong YJ, Zheng XL, Wang Q, Yang L, Shi F, Yan JQ, He F, Liao LC, Lin Y, Zhang L, Wang X. Critical role of CD40-mediated autocrine tumor necrosis factor-alpha in potentiation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2011; 103:197-202. [PMID: 22010829 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of CD40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) family, results in growth inhibition or apoptosis in some tumor cells, making CD40 a potential antitumor therapeutic target. Although it is known that CD40 is able to induce tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion and potentiate cisplatin's anticancer activity, whether TNF-α induction is involved in sensitizing cisplatin by CD40 has not been addressed. In this report, we provide evidence substantiating an important role of autocrine TNF-α in potentiation of cisplatin-induced apoptosis by recombinant soluble CD40 ligand (rsCD40L) in different human cancer cell lines. Activation of CD40 by rsCD40L induces two phases of autocrine TNF-α: the rapid early phase involving p38 MAP kinase and the robust and persistent late phase through enhanced tnf-α gene transcription. Blocking TNF-α with either a specific TNFR1 siRNA or a neutralizing anti-TNF-α antibody dramatically attenuated the potentiation effect of rsCD40L on cisplatin-induced cancer cell death. These results reveal an important role of TNF-α induction in CD40's chemosensitization activity and suggest that modulating TNF-α autocrine from cancer cells is an effective option for increasing the anticancer value of chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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20
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Reuter S, Gupta SC, Chaturvedi MM, Aggarwal BB. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: how are they linked? Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 49:1603-16. [PMID: 20840865 PMCID: PMC2990475 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3445] [Impact Index Per Article: 246.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research during the past 2 decades has revealed the mechanism by which continued oxidative stress can lead to chronic inflammation, which in turn could mediate most chronic diseases including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary diseases. Oxidative stress can activate a variety of transcription factors including NF-κB, AP-1, p53, HIF-1α, PPAR-γ, β-catenin/Wnt, and Nrf2. Activation of these transcription factors can lead to the expression of over 500 different genes, including those for growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, cell cycle regulatory molecules, and anti-inflammatory molecules. How oxidative stress activates inflammatory pathways leading to transformation of a normal cell to tumor cell, tumor cell survival, proliferation, chemoresistance, radioresistance, invasion, angiogenesis, and stem cell survival is the focus of this review. Overall, observations to date suggest that oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and cancer are closely linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Reuter
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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21
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刘 珊, 陈 波, 李 燕, 赵 卫, 吴 剑. [Effect of sCD40L combined with vinorelbine on lung adenocarcinoma cell A549]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2010; 13:686-90. [PMID: 20673484 PMCID: PMC6000372 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2010.07.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The results of published data on the effect of CD40 signal related to cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy are inconclusive. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) combined with vinorelbine on lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. METHODS Lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were chosen as target cells and CD40 signal was stimulated by sCD40L. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to determine the changes of cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of A549 cells treated by vinorelbine after CD40 was stimulated. The activity of Caspase-3 was measured using Caspase-3 cellular activity assay kit plus. RESULTS After CD40 stimulation, an increase of inhibition on CD40 positive cell line A549 proliferation was confirmed when vinorelbine was added (P < 0.05). However, no significant changes were shown in apoptosis and cell cycle (P > 0.05). On the other hand, the activity of Caspase-3 was substantially decreased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Stimulation of CD40 can increase lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 sensitivity to vinorelbine, which may be through a non-apoptosis, Caspase independent mechanism, and not associated with the inhibition of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- 珊 刘
- />210029 南京,南京医科大学第一附属医院老年呼吸科Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - 波 陈
- />210029 南京,南京医科大学第一附属医院老年呼吸科Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - 燕 李
- />210029 南京,南京医科大学第一附属医院老年呼吸科Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - 卫红 赵
- />210029 南京,南京医科大学第一附属医院老年呼吸科Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - 剑卿 吴
- />210029 南京,南京医科大学第一附属医院老年呼吸科Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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22
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Rottenberg S, Pajic M, Jonkers J. Studying drug resistance using genetically engineered mouse models for breast cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 596:33-45. [PMID: 19949919 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-416-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The generation of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) that mimic breast cancer in humans provides new tools to investigate mechanisms of drug resistance in vivo. The advantages are manifold: inbred mice do not have the genomic heterogeneity seen in patients; mammary tumors are superficial and therefore easily accessible for measurement and sampling pre- and posttreatment; tumors can be transplanted orthotopically into syngeneic, immunocompetent animals; and tumor cells can be modified in vitro (e.g., gene overexpression, shRNA knockdown, insertional mutagenesis) prior to transplantation. Here, we provide an overview with experimental details of various approaches to study mechanisms of drug resistance in GEMMs for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Rottenberg
- Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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23
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Pajic M, Iyer JK, Kersbergen A, van der Burg E, Nygren AOH, Jonkers J, Borst P, Rottenberg S. Moderate increase in Mdr1a/1b expression causes in vivo resistance to doxorubicin in a mouse model for hereditary breast cancer. Cancer Res 2009; 69:6396-404. [PMID: 19654309 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have found previously that acquired doxorubicin resistance in a genetically engineered mouse model for BRCA1-related breast cancer was associated with increased expression of the mouse multidrug resistance (Mdr1) genes, which encode the drug efflux transporter ATP-binding cassette B1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Here, we show that even moderate increases of Mdr1 expression (as low as 5-fold) are sufficient to cause doxorubicin resistance. These moderately elevated tumor P-gp levels are below those found in some normal tissues, such as the gut. The resistant phenotype could be completely reversed by the third-generation P-gp inhibitor tariquidar, which provides a useful strategy to circumvent this type of acquired doxorubicin resistance. The presence of MDR1A in drug-resistant tumors with a moderate increase in Mdr1a transcripts could be shown with a newly generated chicken antibody against a mouse P-gp peptide. Our data show the usefulness of realistic preclinical models to characterize levels of Mdr1 gene expression that are sufficient to cause resistance.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Genes, BRCA1
- Genes, p53
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Tumor Burden
- Up-Regulation/physiology
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pajic
- Division of Molecular Biology and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Mukherjee K, Chava AK, Bandyopadhyay S, Mallick A, Chandra S, Mandal C. Co-expression of 9-O-acetylated sialoglycoproteins and their binding proteins on lymphoblasts of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an anti-apoptotic role. Biol Chem 2009; 390:325-35. [DOI: 10.1515/bc.2009.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEnhanced levels of 9-O-acetylated sialoglycoproteins (Neu5,9Ac2GPs) as disease-associated molecules was reported to act as signaling molecules for promoting survival of lymphoblasts in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Here, we searched for potential physiological ligands for Neu5,9Ac2GPs that could be involved in modulating the survival of lymphoblasts. Accordingly, we examined the presence of binding proteins for Neu5,9Ac2GPs on cell lines and primary cells of patients with B- and T-ALL, at presentation of the disease. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal healthy donors and cells from myeloid leukemia patients were used for comparison. Neu5,9Ac2GPs-binding proteins (BPs) were specifically detected on the surface of both T- and B-ALL-lymphoblasts and ALL-cell lines along with the consistent presence of Neu5,9Ac2GPs. The Neu5,9Ac2GPs and BPs also co-localized on the cell surface and interacted specificallyin vitro. Apoptosis of lymphoblasts, induced by serum starvation, was reversed in the presence of purified Neu5,9Ac2GPs due to possible engagement of BPs, and the anti-apoptotic role of this interaction was established. This is the first report of the presence of potential physiological ligands for disease-associated molecules like Neu5,9Ac2GPs, the interaction of which is able to trigger an anti-apoptotic signal conferring a survival advantage to leukemic cells in childhood ALL.
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25
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ROTTENBERG S, JONKERS J. Modeling therapy resistance in genetically engineered mouse cancer models. Drug Resist Updat 2008; 11:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Accepted: 11/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Rottenberg S, Nygren AOH, Pajic M, van Leeuwen FWB, van der Heijden I, van de Wetering K, Liu X, de Visser KE, Gilhuijs KG, van Tellingen O, Schouten JP, Jonkers J, Borst P. Selective induction of chemotherapy resistance of mammary tumors in a conditional mouse model for hereditary breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:12117-22. [PMID: 17626183 PMCID: PMC1914039 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0702955104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied in vivo responses of "spontaneous" Brca1- and p53-deficient mammary tumors arising in conditional mouse mutants to treatment with doxorubicin, docetaxel, or cisplatin. Like human tumors, the response of individual mouse tumors varies, but eventually they all become resistant to the maximum tolerable dose of doxorubicin or docetaxel. The tumors also respond well to cisplatin but do not become resistant, even after multiple treatments in which tumors appear to regrow from a small fraction of surviving cells. Classical biochemical resistance mechanisms, such as up-regulated drug transporters, appear to be responsible for doxorubicin resistance, rather than alterations in drug-damage effector pathways. Our results underline the promise of these mouse tumors for the study of tumor-initiating cells and of drug therapy of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Rottenberg
- Division of Molecular Biology and Center of Biomedical Genetics and
| | | | - Marina Pajic
- Division of Molecular Biology and Center of Biomedical Genetics and
| | - Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen
- Division of Diagnostic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | | | | | - Xiaoling Liu
- Division of Molecular Biology and Center of Biomedical Genetics and
| | | | - Kenneth G. Gilhuijs
- Division of Diagnostic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Diagnostic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | | | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Biology and Center of Biomedical Genetics and
| | - Piet Borst
- Division of Molecular Biology and Center of Biomedical Genetics and
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27
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Esteva FJ, Wang J, Lin F, Mejia JA, Yan K, Altundag K, Valero V, Buzdar AU, Hortobagyi GN, Symmans WF, Pusztai L. CD40 signaling predicts response to preoperative trastuzumab and concomitant paclitaxel followed by 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2007; 9:R87. [PMID: 18086299 PMCID: PMC2246190 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Revised: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We performed gene expression analysis to identify molecular predictors of resistance to preoperative concomitant trastuzumab and paclitaxel followed by 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (T/FEC). METHODS Pretreatment fine-needle aspiration specimens from 45 patients with HER-2-overexpressing stage II to IIIA breast cancer were subjected to transcriptional profiling and examined for differential expression of various genes and gene sets. The primary endpoint for tumor response was pathologic complete response (pCR). Correlations between pCR and gene expression were sought. RESULTS The overall pCR rate was 64%. Age, nuclear grade, tumor size, nodal status, quantitative expression of estrogen and HER-2 receptor mRNA, and HER-2 gene copy number showed no correlation with pCR. Results of gene set enrichment analysis suggested that the lower expression of genes involved with CD40 signaling is associated with a greater risk of residual cancer after the preoperative chemotherapy that includes trastuzumab. CONCLUSION CD40 signaling may play a role in determining response to trastuzumab-plus-T/FEC therapy in patients with HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Biopsy, Fine-Needle
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/surgery
- CD40 Antigens/metabolism
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Epirubicin/administration & dosage
- Female
- Fluorouracil/administration & dosage
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Mastectomy/methods
- Mastectomy, Modified Radical
- Mastectomy, Segmental
- Middle Aged
- Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplasm, Residual
- Paclitaxel/administration & dosage
- Predictive Value of Tests
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Transcription, Genetic
- Trastuzumab
- Treatment Outcome
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Esteva
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jaime A Mejia
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kai Yan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kadri Altundag
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Institute of Oncology, Sihhiye St, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Vicente Valero
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aman U Buzdar
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - W Fraser Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Unit 1354, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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