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Ye B, Sheng Y, Zhang M, Hu Y, Huang H. Early detection and intervention of clonal hematopoiesis for preventing hematological malignancies. Cancer Lett 2022; 538:215691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Huang X, Geng S, Weng J, Lu Z, Zeng L, Li M, Deng C, Wu X, Li Y, Du X. Analysis of the expression of PHTF1 and related genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:93. [PMID: 26448723 PMCID: PMC4595316 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous study showed that downregulated BCL11B expression in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cell line Molt-4 inhibited cell proliferation and induce apoptosis, which may be related to PHTF1 gene overexpression. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of PHTF1 and related genes in ALL and further explore its function in T-ALL cell lines. Methods Real-time PCR was used to determine the gene expression level of PHTF1 in hematologic malignancies. The PHTF1, BCL11B, FEM1B and Apaf-1 gene expression levels and correlations were analyzed in patients with primary ALL (including T-ALL and B-ALL) and healthy individuals (HIs). Inhibition and overexpression of PHTF1 by lentiviral transduction were performed using the Molt-4 and Jurkat cell lines. Cell growth and apoptosis were measured by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Upon PHTF1 overexpression, the BCL11B, FEM1B and Apaf-1 gene expression levels were determined by real-time PCR. Results PHTF1 overexpression was found in both T-ALL (p = 0.004) and B-ALL (p < 0.001) groups compared with HIs group. A trend toward a negative correlation between the PHTF1 and BCL11B genes was detected for the T-ALL group, while positively correlated expression was found for the PHTF1 and BCL11B genes in HIs (P = 0.001). FEM1b and Apaf-1 overexpression was found in recently diagnosed ALL patients compared with HIs (p < 0.05). Positively correlated expression was found for the PHTF1, FEM1b and Apaf-1 genes in patients with ALL (p < 0.05) and HIs (p < 0.05). Direct up-regulation of PHTF1 expression inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat and Molt-4 cells and effectively induced apoptosis in Molt-4 cells. Direct inhibition of PHTF1 expression had no significant effect on the proliferation or apoptosis of Jurkat and Molt-4 cells. FEM1b and Apaf-1 overexpression, which did not obviously alter the BCL11B expression level, was detected in PHTF1-transduced T-ALL cell lines. Conclusions PHTF1 overexpression is responsible for regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in T-ALL cell lines. PHTF1 may be a tumor-suppressor like gene and a therapeutic target for triggering the PHTF1-FEM1b-Apaf-1 apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China ; Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Geng
- Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zesheng Lu
- Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingji Zeng
- Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minming Li
- Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxin Deng
- Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Haematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Huang X, Chen S, Shen Q, Chen S, Yang L, Grabarczyk P, Przybylski GK, Schmidt CA, Li Y. Down regulation of BCL11B expression inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in malignant T cells by BCL11B-935-siRNA. Hematology 2013; 16:236-42. [DOI: 10.1179/102453311x13025568941961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Institute of HematologyMedical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of HematologyGuangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Chen
- Institute of HematologyMedical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Institute of HematologyMedical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Institute of HematologyMedical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijian Yang
- Institute of HematologyMedical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Piotr Grabarczyk
- Department of Hematology and OncologyErnst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Germany
| | - Grzegorz K Przybylski
- Department of Hematology and OncologyErnst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Human GeneticsPolish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Christian A Schmidt
- Department of Hematology and OncologyErnst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Institute of HematologyMedical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of EducationJinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Zweier-Renn LA, Riz I, Hawley TS, Hawley RG. The DN2 Myeloid-T (DN2mt) Progenitor is a Target Cell for Leukemic Transformation by the TLX1 Oncogene. JOURNAL OF BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2013; 1:105. [PMID: 25309961 PMCID: PMC4191823 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8820.1000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inappropriate activation of the TLX1 (T-cell leukemia homeobox 1) gene by chromosomal translocation is a recurrent event in human T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL). Ectopic expression of TLX1 in murine bone marrow progenitor cells using a conventional retroviral vector efficiently yields immortalized cell lines and induces T-ALL-like tumors in mice after long latency. METHODS To eliminate a potential contribution of retroviral insertional mutagenesis to TLX1 immortalizing and transforming function, we incorporated the TLX1 gene into an insulated self-inactivating retroviral vector. RESULTS Retrovirally transduced TLX1-expressing murine bone marrow progenitor cells had a growth/survival advantage and readily gave rise to immortalized cell lines. Extensive characterization of 15 newly established cell lines failed to reveal a common retroviral integration site. This comprehensive analysis greatly extends our previous study involving a limited number of cell lines, providing additional support for the view that constitutive TLX1 expression is sufficient to initiate the series of events culminating in hematopoietic progenitor cell immortalization. When TLX1-immortalized cells were co-cultured on OP9-DL1 monolayers under conditions permissive for T-cell differentiation, a latent T-lineage potential was revealed. However, the cells were unable to transit the DN2 myeloid-T (DN2mt)-DN2 T-lineage determined (DN2t) commitment step. The differentiation block coincided with failure to upregulate the zinc finger transcription factor gene Bcl11b, the human ortholog of which was shown to be a direct transcriptional target of TLX1 downregulated in the TLX1+ T-ALL cell line ALL-SIL. Other studies have described the ability of TLX1 to promote bypass of mitotic checkpoint arrest, leading to aneuploidy. We likewise found that diploid TLX1-expressing DN2mt cells treated with the mitotic inhibitor paclitaxel bypassed the mitotic checkpoint and displayed chromosomal instability. This was associated with elevated expression of TLX1 transcriptional targets involved in DNA replication and mitosis, including Ccna2 (cyclin A2), Ccnb1 (cyclin B1), Ccnb2 (cyclin B2) and Top2a (topoisomerase IIα). Notably, enforced expression of BCL11B in ALL-SIL T-ALL cells conferred resistance to the topoisomerase IIα poison etoposide. CONCLUSION Taken together with previous findings, the data reinforce a mechanism of TLX1 oncogenic activity linked to chromosomal instability resulting from dysregulated expression of target genes involved in mitotic processes. We speculate that repression of BCL11B expression may provide part of the explanation for the observation that aneuploid DNA content in TLX1+ leukemic T cells does not necessarily portend an unfavorable prognosis. This TLX1 hematopoietic progenitor cell immortalization/T-cell differentiation assay should help further our understanding of the mechanisms of TLX1-mediated evolution to malignancy and has the potential to be a useful predictor of disease response to novel therapeutic agents in TLX1+ T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnsey A Zweier-Renn
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Irene Riz
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Teresa S Hawley
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert G Hawley
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jining Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
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Kurosawa N, Fujimoto R, Ozawa T, Itoyama T, Sadamori N, Isobe M. Reduced level of the BCL11B protein is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55147. [PMID: 23383087 PMCID: PMC3559337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) develops in a small proportion of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected individuals. However, the mechanism by which HTLV-I causes ATLL has not been fully elucidated. To provide fundamental insights into the multistep process of leukemogenesis, we have mapped the chromosomal abnormalities in 50 ATLL cases to identify potential key regulators of ATLL. Results The analysis of breakpoints in one ATLL case with the translocations t(14;17)(q32;q22-23) resulted in the identification of a Kruppel zinc finger gene, BCL11B, which plays a crucial role in T-cell development. Among the 7 ATLL cases that we examined by immunofluorescence analysis, 4 displayed low and one displayed moderate BCL11B signal intensities. A dramatically reduced level of the BCL11B protein was also found in HTLV-I-positive T-cell lines. The ectopic expression of BCL11B resulted in significant growth suppression in ATLL-derived cell lines but not in Jurkat cells. Conclusions Our genetic and functional data provide the first evidence that a reduction in the level of the BCL11B protein is a key event in the multistep progression of ATLL leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Kurosawa
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Graduate School, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Rika Fujimoto
- Department of Immunology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Itoyama
- Department of Hematology, Imamura Bun-in Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Sadamori
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masaharu Isobe
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Graduate School, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Gao Y, Wu H, He D, Hu X, Li Y. Downregulation of BCL11A by siRNA induces apoptosis in B lymphoma cell lines. Biomed Rep 2012; 1:47-52. [PMID: 24648892 DOI: 10.3892/br.2012.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/lymphoma 11A gene (BCL11A) encodes a krüppel-like zinc finger protein, which is important in thymopoiesis and has been associated with hematopoietic malignancies. In this study, we investigated whether the downregulation of BCL11A mRNA by small interference RNA (siRNA) was capable of inducing apoptosis, and tested the effect of BCL11A siRNA combined with BCL2 siRNA in B lymphoma cell lines (SUDHL6, EB1). BCL11A siRNA was transfected into SUDHL6, EB1 cells with HiPerfect transfection reagents. After transient transfection with BCL11A siRNA, the expression levels of BCL11A mRNA and protein were assayed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis. The cell proliferation was determined by a cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay. Apoptosis was determined by morphological observation and flow cytometric analysis. The results showed that the expression levels of BCL11A mRNA and protein from SUDHL6, EB1 cells transfected with BCL11A siRNA decreased, compared with either the scrambled negative control siRNA group or untransfected cells group (P<0.05). Viability of cells transfected with BCL11A siRNA was less compared to cells transfected with control siRNA and untransfected SUDHL6, EB1 cells, respectively (P<0.05). BCL11A siRNA induced apoptosis in both SUDHL6 and EB1 cells. BCL11A siRNA combined with BCL2 siRNA significantly inhibited cell growth. Apoptotic rates of SUDHL6, EB1 cells treated with BCL11A siRNA combined with BCL2 siRNA significantly increased (P<0.05), compared with either the scrambled control (Sc) siRNA and BCL2 siRNA combination or BCL2 or BCL11A siRNA-treated cells alone. Findings of this study suggest the downregulation of BCL11A mRNA by siRNA was able to induce apoptosis. Moreover, BCL11A siRNA combined with BCL2 siRNA increased apoptosis in SUDHL6, EB1 cells. Thus, suppression of BCL11A expression may be a useful approach in the treatment of B lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College
| | - Dongmei He
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College
| | - Xiaomao Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College; ; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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Expression of the B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A gene in malignant hematological cell lines through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11805-011-0588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Huang X, Shen Q, Chen S, Chen S, Yang L, Weng J, Du X, Grabarczyk P, Przybylski GK, Schmidt CA, Li Y. Gene expression profiles in BCL11B-siRNA treated malignant T cells. J Hematol Oncol 2011; 4:23. [PMID: 21575156 PMCID: PMC3113752 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-4-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Downregulation of the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/lymphoma11B (BCL11B) gene by small interfering RNA (siRNA) leads to growth inhibition and apoptosis of the human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cell line Molt-4. To further characterize the molecular mechanism, a global gene expression profile of BCL11B-siRNA -treated Molt-4 cells was established. The expression profiles of several genes were further validated in the BCL11B-siRNA -treated Molt-4 cells and primary T-ALL cells. RESULTS 142 genes were found to be upregulated and 109 genes downregulated in the BCL11B-siRNA -treated Molt-4 cells by microarray analysis. Among apoptosis-related genes, three pro-apoptotic genes, TNFSF10, BIK, BNIP3, were upregulated and one anti-apoptotic gene, BCL2L1 was downregulated. Moreover, the expression of SPP1 and CREBBP genes involved in the transforming growth factor (TGF-β) pathway was down 16-fold. Expression levels of TNFSF10, BCL2L1, SPP1, and CREBBP were also examined by real-time PCR. A similar expression pattern of TNFSF10, BCL2L1, and SPP1 was identified. However, CREBBP was not downregulated in the BLC11B-siRNA -treated Molt-4 cells. CONCLUSION BCL11B-siRNA treatment altered expression profiles of TNFSF10, BCL2L1, and SPP1 in both Molt-4 T cell line and primary T-ALL cells.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- CREB-Binding Protein/biosynthesis
- CREB-Binding Protein/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Child
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/administration & dosage
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/biosynthesis
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Up-Regulation
- bcl-X Protein/biosynthesis
- bcl-X Protein/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qi Shen
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Si Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lijian Yang
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Piotr Grabarczyk
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Grzegorz K Przybylski
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Christian A Schmidt
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Karanam NK, Grabarczyk P, Hammer E, Scharf C, Venz S, Gesell-Salazar M, Barthlen W, Przybylski GK, Schmidt CA, Völker U. Proteome analysis reveals new mechanisms of Bcl11b-loss driven apoptosis. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:3799-811. [PMID: 20513151 DOI: 10.1021/pr901096u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Bcl11b protein was shown to be important for a variety of functions such as T cell differentiation, normal development of central nervous system, and DNA damage response. Malignant T cells undergo apoptotic cell death upon BCL11B down-regulation, however, the detailed mechanism of cell death is not fully understood yet. Here we employed two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), mass spectrometry and cell biological experiments to investigate the role of Bcl11b in malignant T cell lines such as Jurkat and huT78. We provide evidence for the involvement of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and observed cleavage and fragments of known caspase targets such as myosin, spectrin, and vimentin. Our findings suggest an involvement of ERM proteins, which were up-regulated and phosphorylated upon Bcl11b down-regulation. Moreover, the levels of several proteins implicated in cell cycle entry, including DUT-N, CDK6, MCM4, MCM6, and MAT1 were elevated. Thus, the proteome data presented here confirm previous findings concerning the consequences of BCL11B knock-down and provide new insight into the mechanisms of cell death and cell cycle disturbances induced by Bcl11b depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha Kumar Karanam
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Germany
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Huang X, Chen S, Shen Q, Yang L, Li B, Zhong L, Geng S, Du X, Li Y. Analysis of the expression pattern of the BCL11B gene and its relatives in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2010; 3:44. [PMID: 21080944 PMCID: PMC2992472 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-3-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In a human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cell line (Molt-4), siRNA-mediated suppression of BCL11B expression was shown to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis, functions which may be related to genes involved in apoptosis (such as TNFSF10 and BCL2L1) and TGF-β pathways (such as SPP1and CREBBP). Methods The expression levels of the above mentioned genes and their correlation with the BCL11B gene were analyzed in patients with T-ALL using the TaqMan and SYBR Green I real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Results Expression levels of BCL11B, BCL2L1, and CREBBP mRNA in T-ALL patients were significantly higher than those from healthy controls (P <0.05). In T-ALL patients, the BCL11B expression level was negatively correlated with the BCL2L1 expression level (rs = -0.700; P <0.05), and positively correlated with the SPP1 expression level (rs = 0.683; P <0.05). In healthy controls, the BCL11B expression level did not correlate with the TNFSF10, BCL2L1, SPP1, or CREBBP expression levels. Conclusions Over-expression of BCL11B might play a role in anti-apoptosis in T-ALL cells through up-regulation of its downstream genes BCL2L1 and CREBBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, and Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
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Grabarczyk P, Nähse V, Delin M, Przybylski G, Depke M, Hildebrandt P, Völker U, Schmidt CA. Increased expression of bcl11b leads to chemoresistance accompanied by G1 accumulation. PLoS One 2010; 5. [PMID: 20824091 PMCID: PMC2932720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of BCL11B was reported in T-cells, neurons and keratinocytes. Aberrations of BCL11B locus leading to abnormal gene transcription were identified in human hematological disorders and corresponding animal models. Recently, the elevated levels of Bcl11b protein have been described in a subset of squameous cell carcinoma cases. Despite the rapidly accumulating knowledge concerning Bcl11b biology, the contribution of this protein to normal or transformed cell homeostasis remains open. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, by employing an overexpression strategy we revealed formerly unidentified features of Bcl11b. Two different T-cell lines were forced to express BCL11B at levels similar to those observed in primary T-cell leukemias. This resulted in markedly increased resistance to radiomimetic drugs while no influence on death-receptor apoptotic pathway was observed. Apoptosis resistance triggered by BCL11B overexpression was accompanied by a cell cycle delay caused by accumulation of cells at G1. This cell cycle restriction was associated with upregulation of CDKN1C (p57) and CDKN2C (p18) cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors. Moreover, p27 and p130 proteins accumulated and the SKP2 gene encoding a protein of the ubiquitin-binding complex responsible for their degradation was repressed. Furthermore, the expression of the MYCN oncogene was silenced which resulted in significant depletion of the protein in cells expressing high BCL11B levels. Both cell cycle restriction and resistance to DNA-damage-induced apoptosis coincided and required the histone deacetylase binding N-terminal domain of Bcl11b. The sensitivity to genotoxic stress could be restored by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatine A. Conclusions The data presented here suggest a potential role of BCL11B in tumor survival and encourage developing Bcl11b-inhibitory approaches as a potential tool to specifically target chemoresistant tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Grabarczyk
- Molecular Hematology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Viola Nähse
- Molecular Hematology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Delin
- Molecular Hematology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Grzegorz Przybylski
- Molecular Hematology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maren Depke
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Petra Hildebrandt
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian A. Schmidt
- Molecular Hematology, Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- * E-mail:
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12
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Seetharam A, Bai Y, Stuart GW. A survey of well conserved families of C2H2 zinc-finger genes in Daphnia. BMC Genomics 2010; 11:276. [PMID: 20433734 PMCID: PMC2889900 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A recent comparative genomic analysis tentatively identified roughly 40 orthologous groups of C2H2 Zinc-finger proteins that are well conserved in "bilaterians" (i.e. worms, flies, and humans). Here we extend that analysis to include a second arthropod genome from the crustacean, Daphnia pulex. Results Most of the 40 orthologous groups of C2H2 zinc-finger proteins are represented by just one or two proteins within each of the previously surveyed species. Likewise, Daphnia were found to possess a similar number of orthologs for all of these small orthology groups. In contrast, the number of Sp/KLF homologs tends to be greater and to vary between species. Like the corresponding mammalian Sp/KLF proteins, most of the Drosophila and Daphnia homologs can be placed into one of three sub-groups: Class I-III. Daphnia were found to have three Class I proteins that roughly correspond to their Drosophila counterparts, dSP1, btd, CG5669, and three Class II proteins that roughly correspond to Luna, CG12029, CG9895. However, Daphnia have four additional KLF-Class II proteins that are most similar to the vertebrate KLF1/2/4 proteins, a subset not found in Drosophila. Two of these four proteins are encoded by genes linked in tandem. Daphnia also have three KLF-Class III members, one more than Drosophila. One of these is a likely Bteb2 homolog, while the other two correspond to Cabot and KLF13, a vertebrate homolog of Cabot. Conclusion Consistent with their likely roles as fundamental determinants of bilaterian form and function, most of the 40 groups of C2H2 zinc-finger proteins are conserved in kind and number in Daphnia. However, the KLF family includes several additional genes that are most similar to genes present in vertebrates but missing in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Seetharam
- Department of Biology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
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