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Irusteta L, Ramírez-Miranda A, Navas-Pérez A, Montes-Almanza L, Arteaga J, García-Martínez F, Graue-Hernández E, Zenteno JC. Detailed phenotypic description of stromal corneal dystrophy in a large pedigree carrying the uncommon TGFBI p.Ala546Asp pathogenic variant. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:589-593. [PMID: 35470743 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2068047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to describe the corneal clinical spectrum and the intrafamilial phenotypic differences in an extended pedigree suffering from stromal corneal dystrophy due to the rare p.Ala546Asp mutation in TGFBI. METHODS A total of 15 members from a four-generation Mexican family were ascertained for clinical and genetic assessment. All individuals underwent slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination and an extensive ophthalmological examination including corneal topography (OCULUS Pentacam® AXL), corneal biomechanics (OCULUS Corvis ST), and corneal confocal biomicroscopy (Heidelberg Engineering®). A total of 10 individuals carried the heterozygous c.1637C>A (p. Ala546Asp) mutation at TGFBI exon 12. RESULTS Nine out of 10 mutation positive patients were available for clinical characterization. The mean age was 35.5 years, with the youngest and the eldest ones being 3 years old and 62 years old, respectively. The median age of onset of the symptoms was 19.7 years. Five (55.6%) patients presented with a predominantly granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) phenotype, one presented with a lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD) phenotype, and one with a granular corneal dystrophy type 1 (GCD1) phenotype. Interestingly, two mutation positive subjects had no clinical deposits in the cornea, demonstrating incomplete penetrance of the disorder in this family. CONCLUSIONS Clinical differences in corneal phenotypes within this CD family and with other pedigrees carrying the same TGFBI genetic defect could be explained by the age of clinical examination of individual patients and/or by the presence of genetic and/or environmental modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Irusteta
- Department of Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Ramírez-Miranda
- Department of Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Navas-Pérez
- Department of Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Montes-Almanza
- Research Unit-Genetics Department, Institute of Ophthalmology, "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Arteaga
- Department of Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Froylán García-Martínez
- Research Unit-Genetics Department, Institute of Ophthalmology, "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Graue-Hernández
- Department of Cornea, External Disease, and Refractive Surgery, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan C Zenteno
- Research Unit-Genetics Department, Institute of Ophthalmology, "Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Compound heterozygous mutations in TGFBI cause a severe phenotype of granular corneal dystrophy type 2. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6986. [PMID: 33772078 PMCID: PMC7997986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the clinical and genetic features of patients with severe phenotype of granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) associated with compound heterozygosity in the transforming growth factor-β-induced (TGFBI) gene. Patients with severe GCD2 underwent ophthalmic examination (best-corrected visual acuity test, intraocular pressure measurement, slit-lamp examination, and slit-lamp photograph analysis) and direct Sanger sequencing of whole-TGFBI. The patient’s family was tested to determine the pedigrees. Five novel mutations (p.(His174Asp), p.(Ile247Asn), p.(Tyr88Cys), p.(Arg257Pro), and p.(Tyr468*)) and two known mutations (p.(Asn544Ser) and p.(Arg179*)) in TGFBI were identified, along with p.(Arg124His), in the patients. Trans-phase of TGFBI second mutations was confirmed by pedigree analysis. Multiple, extensive discoid granular, and increased linear deposits were observed in the probands carrying p.(Arg124His) and other nonsense mutations. Some patients who had undergone phototherapeutic keratectomy experienced rapid recurrence (p.(Ile247Asn) and p.(Asn544Ser)); however, the cornea was well-maintained in a patient who underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (p.(Ile247Asn)). Thus, compound heterozygosity of TGFBI is associated with the phenotypic variability of TGFBI corneal dystrophies, suggesting that identifying TGFBI second mutations may be vital in patients with extraordinarily severe phenotypes. Our findings indicate the necessity for a more precise observation of genotype–phenotype correlation and additional care when treating TGFBI corneal dystrophies.
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Zhang T, Liu C, He J, Kang Y, Wang F, Li S. Cornea guttata associated with special phenotypic variants of granular corneal dystrophy type 2 in a Chinese family. Eur J Ophthalmol 2019; 30:469-474. [PMID: 30871369 DOI: 10.1177/1120672119832176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze the relevant gene mutations in a Chinese family with special phenotypic variants of granular corneal dystrophy type 2 with cornea guttata. METHODS A total of 11 individuals from the affected family underwent complete ophthalmic examination. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes of affected and unaffected family members. High-throughput sequencing was performed to screen for mutations in 290 genes associated with inherited ophthalmic diseases. Results were validated by bidirectional Sanger sequencing. RESULTS An Arg124His (R124H) mutation of the transforming growth factor beta-induced gene was identified in three members of the affected family: the proband (II-1), his mother (I-2), and his son (III-1). The eyes of the proband and his mother had bilateral superficial whitish ring patches with clear centers occupying their central corneas and appeared to be discoid or ring shaped. In addition, specular microscopic examination showed the presence of dark, round bodies. In vivo confocal microscopy showed some hyporeflective round images (cornea guttata), containing occasionally central highlight, in the proband, his mother, and one of his elder sisters. CONCLUSION We report, for the first time, atypical granular corneal dystrophy type 2 with cornea guttata associated with a single R124H mutation in a Chinese family. Our findings emphasize that genotyping is essential for the accurate diagnosis and classification of granular corneal dystrophy type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University and Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University and Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jingliang He
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University and Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Kang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University and Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University and Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University and Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
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Wang X, Ying M, Fu C, Wang Y, Li N. TGFBI gene mutations analysis in Chinese families with corneal dystrophies. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3198-3202. [PMID: 28358433 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical features of three Chinese families with autosomal dominant corneal dystrophy (CD) and examine transforming growth factor‑β‑induced (TGFBI) gene mutations in these families. The TGFBI gene mutations were detected using direct sequencing of the whole coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of the TGFBI gene in the affected members from the three families with CD. The phenotypes of all affected individuals in the three families were observed via slit lamp examination. Sections of the cornea were used for biopsy following keratoplasty. Three types of TGFBI gene mutations, R124C, H626R and R124H, were detected in the patients from these three families. One family, with the R124C mutation, was diagnosed with lattice corneal dystrophy type 1, and the family with the H626R mutation was diagnosed with lattice corneal dystrophy type IIIB. The family with the R124H mutation was diagnosed with granular corneal dystrophy type 2. The TGFBI gene mutations were considered underlying factors in the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of cornea dystrophy. Therefore, the detection of TGFBI gene mutations may be useful in the differential diagnosis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wang
- Xuzhou Eye Institute, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Ying
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Changbo Fu
- Xuzhou Eye Institute, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Ningdong Li
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
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Shukla S, Tavakkoli F, Singh V, Sangwan VS. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for corneal diseases. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2016.1215906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Shukla
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Fatemeh Tavakkoli
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vivek Singh
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Virender Singh Sangwan
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Srujana-Center for Innovation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Kamiya K, Kobashi H, Igarashi A, Shoji N, Shimizu K. Effect of Light Scattering and Higher-order Aberrations on Visual Performance in Eyes with Granular Corneal Dystrophy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24677. [PMID: 27086550 PMCID: PMC4834530 DOI: 10.1038/srep24677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to assess the relationship of intraocular forward scattering, corneal backward scattering, and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) with corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) in eyes with granular corneal dystrophy (GCD). We retrospectively examined forty two eyes of 42 consecutive patients who diagnosed GCD, and age-matched 20 eyes of 20 healthy subjects. We assessed objective scattering index (OSI) using the double-pass instrument (OQAS II, Visiometrics), corneal densitometry (CD) using the Scheimpflug rotating camera (Pentacam HR, Oculus), and corneal HOAs using the Hartmann-Shack aberrometry (KR-9000, Topcon). The OSI, CD, and corneal HOAs were significantly larger in the GCD group than those in the control group (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.001). We found significant correlations of logMAR CDVA with the OSI (Spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.577, p < 0.001), and with the CD (r = 0.340, p = 0.028), but no significant association with corneal HOAs (r = 0.061, p = 0.701). Intraocular forward scattering, corneal backward scattering, and corneal HOAs in eyes with GCD were higher than that in normal eyes. The CDVA was significantly correlated with intraocular forward scattering, but not with corneal HOAs in eyes with GCD, suggesting that light scattering, especially forward scattering, plays a more vital role in visual performance than corneal aberrations in eyes with GCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Kamiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hidenaga Kobashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akihito Igarashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shoji
- Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kimiya Shimizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Japan
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Development of a Transgenic Mouse with R124H Human TGFBI Mutation Associated with Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 2. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26197481 PMCID: PMC4511001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the phenotype and predisposing factors of a granular corneal dystrophy type 2 transgenic mouse model. METHODS Human TGFBI cDNA with R124H mutation was used to make a transgenic mouse expressing human protein (TGFBIR124H mouse). Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to analyze TGFBIR124H expression. A total of 226 mice including 23 homozygotes, 106 heterozygotes and 97 wild-type mice were examined for phenotype. Affected mice were also examined by histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microcopy. RESULTS RT-PCR confirmed the expression of TGFBIR124H in transgenic mice. Corneal opacity defined as granular and lattice deposits was observed in 45.0% of homozygotes, 19.4% of heterozygotes. The incidence of corneal opacity was significantly higher in homozygotes than in heterozygotes (p = 0.02). Histology of affected mice was similar to histology of human disease. Lesions were Congo red and Masson Trichrome positive, and were observed as a deposit of amorphous material by electron microscopy. Subepithelial stroma was also stained with thioflavin T and LC3, a marker of autophagy activation. The incidence of corneal opacity was higher in aged mice in each group. Homozygotes were not necessarily more severe than heterozygotes, which deffers from human cases. CONCLUSIONS We established a granular corneal dystrophy type 2 mouse model caused by R124H mutation of human TGFBI. Although the phenotype of this mouse model is not equivalent to that in humans, further studies using this model may help elucidate the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Song JS, Lim DH, Chung ES, Chung TY, Ki CS. Mutation Analysis of the TGFBI Gene in Consecutive Korean Patients With Corneal Dystrophies. Ann Lab Med 2015; 35:336-40. [PMID: 25932442 PMCID: PMC4390702 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2015.35.3.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in the transforming growth factor β-induced gene (TGFBI) are major causes of genetic corneal dystrophies (CDs), which can be grouped into TGFBI CDs. Although a few studies have reported the clinical and genetic features of Korean patients with TGFBI CD, no data are available regarding the frequency and spectrum of TGFBI mutations in a consecutive series of Korean patients with clinically diagnosed CDs. Methods Patients with any type of CD, who underwent both ophthalmologic examination and TGFBI gene analysis by Sanger sequencing at a tertiary care hospital in Seoul, Korea from 2006 to 2013, were enrolled in this study. Results Among a total of 89 patients, 77 (86.5%) were diagnosed as having clinical TGFBI CD. Seventy-three out of 74 patients (98.6%) with granular CD type 2 (GCD2), had the p.R124H mutation. Of particular note, one patient with rapidly progressive CD had the p.R124H mutation as well as a novel nonsense variant with unknown clinical significance (p.A179*). In three patients with lattice CD type 1 (LCD1), one known mutation (p.R124C) and two novel variants (p.L569Q and p.T621P) in the TGFBI gene were identified. Conclusions This study provides epidemiological insight into CDs in a Korean population and reaffirms that GCD2 is the most common TGFBI CD phenotype and that p.R124H is the only mutation identified in patients with GCD2. In addition, we broaden the spectrum of TGFBI mutations by identifying two novel missense variants in patients with LCD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Sun Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hui Lim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui-Sang Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Ki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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