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Papazoglou A, Henseler C, Weickhardt S, Daubner J, Schiffer T, Broich K, Hescheler J, Sachinidis A, Ehninger D, Haenisch B, Weiergräber M. Sex-specific cortical, hippocampal and thalamic whole genome transcriptome data from controls and a G72 schizophrenia mouse model. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:143. [PMID: 38773625 PMCID: PMC11110308 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06799-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The G72 mouse model of schizophrenia represents a well-known model that was generated to meet the main translational criteria of isomorphism, homology and predictability of schizophrenia to a maximum extent. In order to get a more detailed view of the complex etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia, whole genome transcriptome studies turn out to be indispensable. Here we carried out microarray data collection based on RNA extracted from the retrosplenial cortex, hippocampus and thalamus of G72 transgenic and wild-type control mice. Experimental animals were age-matched and importantly, both sexes were considered separately. DATA DESCRIPTION The isolated RNA from all three brain regions was purified, quantified und quality controlled before initiation of the hybridization procedure with SurePrint G3 Mouse Gene Expression v2 8 × 60 K microarrays. Following immunofluorescent measurement und preprocessing of image data, raw transcriptome data from G72 mice and control animals were extracted and uploaded in a public database. Our data allow insight into significant alterations in gene transcript levels in G72 mice and enable the reader/user to perform further complex analyses to identify potential age-, sex- and brain-region-specific alterations in transcription profiles and related pathways. The latter could facilitate biomarker identification and drug research and development in schizophrenia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany
| | - Christina Henseler
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany
| | - Sandra Weickhardt
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany
| | - Johanna Daubner
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany
| | - Teresa Schiffer
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany
| | - Karl Broich
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne, 50931, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, Bonn, 53127, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Britta Haenisch
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, Bonn, 53127, Germany
- Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53113, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany.
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, Bonn, 53175, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne, 50931, Germany.
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, Cologne, 50931, Germany.
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Chang JPC, Huang KH, Lin CH, Lane HY. Genetic Effects of DISC1 and G72 (DAOA) on Visual Learning of Patients with Schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:771-780. [PMID: 32256073 PMCID: PMC7096242 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s235675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual learning plays an important role in general populations and patients with schizophrenia. Genetic influences on visual learning remain unknown. Two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Ser704Cys of the DISC1 gene and M24 (rs1421292) of the G72 gene, are strongly associated with pathogenesis and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This study examined these two SNPs' effects on visual learning in schizophrenia patients. METHODS Two hundred seventy-one patients (mean age, 37.0 years [SD = 9.3]; 159 men) with chronic schizophrenia were genotyped for the DISC1 Ser704Cys and G72 M24 SNPs and assessed for visual learning with Visual Reproduction II (delayed reproduction) of Wechsler Memory Scale - III (WMS-III). For comparison, verbal learning (using Word list II of WMS-III) and attention (by Continuous Performance Test) were also measured. RESULTS The DISC1 Ser carriers excelled DISC1 Cys/Cys homozygotes in visual learning (p=0.004, effect size: 0.43), but not in other cognitive functions. G72 M24 A-allele carriers and G72 M24 T/T homozygotes performed similarly (effect size: 0.07). In SNP-SNP interaction analysis, the patients with Ser carrier_T/T had better visual learning than those with Cys/Cys_T/T (p=0.004, effect size: 0.70) and those with Cys/Cys_A-allele carrier (p=0.003, effect size: 0.65). Education had a positive effect (p=0.007), while negative symptoms had a negative effect (p<0.001) on visual learning. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that genetic variations in DISC1 Ser704Cys and G72 M24 affect visual learning in schizophrenia patients. The effect sizes of SNP-SNP interaction surpassed the sum (0.50) of effect sizes from two individual genes, suggesting synergistic DISC1-G72 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Pei-Chen Chang
- Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hao Huang
- Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Lin
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yuan Lane
- Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Howard DM, Adams MJ, Clarke TK, Wigmore EM, Zeng Y, Hagenaars SP, Lyall DM, Thomson PA, Evans KL, Porteous DJ, Nagy R, Hayward C, Haley CS, Smith BH, Murray AD, Batty GD, Deary IJ, McIntosh AM. Haplotype-based association analysis of general cognitive ability in Generation Scotland, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and UK Biobank. Wellcome Open Res 2017; 2:61. [PMID: 28989979 PMCID: PMC5605947 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12171.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive ability is a heritable trait with a polygenic architecture, for which several associated variants have been identified using genotype-based and candidate gene approaches. Haplotype-based analyses are a complementary technique that take phased genotype data into account, and potentially provide greater statistical power to detect lower frequency variants. Methods: In the present analysis, three cohort studies (n
total = 48,002) were utilised: Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS), the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), and the UK Biobank. A genome-wide haplotype-based meta-analysis of cognitive ability was performed, as well as a targeted meta-analysis of several gene coding regions. Results: None of the assessed haplotypes provided evidence of a statistically significant association with cognitive ability in either the individual cohorts or the meta-analysis. Within the meta-analysis, the haplotype with the lowest observed
P-value overlapped with the D-amino acid oxidase activator (
DAOA) gene coding region. This coding region has previously been associated with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease, which have all been shown to impact upon cognitive ability. Another potentially interesting region highlighted within the current genome-wide association analysis (GS:SFHS:
P = 4.09 x 10
-7), was the butyrylcholinesterase (
BCHE) gene coding region. The protein encoded by
BCHE has been shown to influence the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and its role in cognitive ability merits further investigation. Conclusions: Although no evidence was found for any haplotypes with a statistically significant association with cognitive ability, our results did provide further evidence that the genetic variants contributing to the variance of cognitive ability are likely to be of small effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Howard
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark J Adams
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Toni-Kim Clarke
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eleanor M Wigmore
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yanni Zeng
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.,Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Donald M Lyall
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pippa A Thomson
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kathryn L Evans
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Reka Nagy
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Generation Scotland, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chris S Haley
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Blair H Smith
- Generation Scotland, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Alison D Murray
- Generation Scotland, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - G David Batty
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Generation Scotland, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Generation Scotland, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Krug A, Krach S, Jansen A, Nieratschker V, Witt SH, Shah NJ, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, Kircher T. The effect of neurogranin on neural correlates of episodic memory encoding and retrieval. Schizophr Bull 2013; 39:141-50. [PMID: 21799211 PMCID: PMC3523918 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbr076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neurogranin (NRGN) is the main postsynaptic protein regulating the availability of calmodulin-Ca(2+) in neurons. NRGN is expressed exclusively in the brain, particularly in dendritic spines and has been implicated in spatial learning and hippocampal plasticity. Genetic variation in rs12807809 in the NRGN gene has recently been confirmed to be associated with schizophrenia in a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies: the T-allele was found to be genome-wide significantly associated with schizophrenia. Cognitive tests and personality questionnaires were administered in a large sample of healthy subjects. Brain activation was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an episodic memory encoding and retrieval task in a subsample. All subjects were genotyped for NRGN rs12807809. There was no effect of genotype on personality or cognitive measures in the large sample. Homozygote carriers of the T-allele showed better performance in the retrieval task during fMRI. After controlling for memory performance, differential brain activation was evident in the anterior cingulate cortex for the encoding and posterior cingulate regions during retrieval. We could demonstrate that rs12807809 of NRGN is associated with differential neural functioning in the anterior and posterior cingulate. These areas are involved in episodic memory processes and have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia in structural and functional imaging as well as postmortem studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Sören Krach
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany,Department of Neurology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Nieratschker
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - N. Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Biophysics 3—Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
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Labrie V, Wong AHC, Roder JC. Contributions of the D-serine pathway to schizophrenia. Neuropharmacology 2011; 62:1484-503. [PMID: 21295046 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2010] [Revised: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The glutamate neurotransmitter system is one of the major candidate pathways for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and increased understanding of the pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of this system may lead to novel treatments. Glutamatergic hypofunction, particularly at the NMDA receptor, has been hypothesized to underlie many of the symptoms of schizophrenia, including psychosis, negative symptoms and cognitive impairment. This review will focus on D-serine, a co-agonist at the NMDA receptor that in combination with glutamate, is required for full activation of this ion channel receptor. Evidence implicating D-serine, NMDA receptors and related molecules, such as D-amino acid oxidase (DAO), G72 and serine racemase (SRR), in the etiology or pathophysiology of schizophrenia is discussed, including knowledge gained from mouse models with altered D-serine pathway genes and from preliminary clinical trials with D-serine itself or compounds modulating the D-serine pathway. Abnormalities in D-serine availability may underlie glutamatergic dysfunction in schizophrenia, and the development of new treatments acting through the D-serine pathway may significantly improve outcomes for many schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Labrie
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
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Abstract
Patterns and risks of human disease have evolved. In this article, I review evidence regarding the importance of recent adaptive evolution, positive selection, and genomic conflicts in shaping the genetic and phenotypic architectures of polygenic human diseases. Strong recent selection in human populations can create and maintain genetically based disease risk primarily through three processes: increased scope for dysregulation from recent human adaptations, divergent optima generated by intraspecific genomic conflicts, and transient or stable deleterious by-products of positive selection caused by antagonistic pleiotropy, ultimately due to trade-offs at the levels of molecular genetics, development, and physiology. Human disease due to these processes appears to be concentrated in three sets of phenotypes: cognition and emotion, reproductive traits, and life-history traits related to long life-span. Diverse, convergent lines of evidence suggest that a small set of tissues whose pleiotropic patterns of gene function and expression are under especially strong selection-brain, placenta, testis, prostate, breast, and ovary-has mediated a considerable proportion of disease risk in modern humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard J Crespi
- Department of Biosciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B. C., Canada V5A 1S6.
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7
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Thimm M, Krug A, Kellermann T, Markov V, Krach S, Jansen A, Zerres K, Eggermann T, Stöcker T, Shah NJ, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, Kircher T. The effects of a DTNBP1 gene variant on attention networks: an fMRI study. Behav Brain Funct 2010; 6:54. [PMID: 20846375 PMCID: PMC2949706 DOI: 10.1186/1744-9081-6-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficits belong to the main cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia and come along with altered neural activity in previously described cerebral networks. Given the high heritability of schizophrenia the question arises if impaired function of these networks is modulated by susceptibility genes and detectable in healthy risk allele carriers. METHODS The present event-related fMRI study investigated the effect of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1018381 of the DTNBP1 (dystrobrevin-binding protein 1) gene on brain activity in 80 subjects while performing the attention network test (ANT). In this reaction time task three domains of attention are probed simultaneously: alerting, orienting and executive control of attention. RESULTS Risk allele carriers showed impaired performance in the executive control condition associated with reduced neural activity in the left superior frontal gyrus [Brodmann area (BA) 9]. Risk allele carriers did not show alterations in the alerting and orienting networks. CONCLUSIONS BA 9 is a key region of schizophrenia pathology and belongs to a network that has been shown previously to be involved in impaired executive control mechanisms in schizophrenia. Our results identified the impact of DTNBP1 on the development of a specific attention deficit via modulation of a left prefrontal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Thimm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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Gawlik M, Wehner I, Mende M, Jung S, Pfuhlmann B, Knapp M, Stöber G. The DAOA/G30 locus and affective disorders: haplotype based association study in a polydiagnostic approach. BMC Psychiatry 2010; 10:59. [PMID: 20667145 PMCID: PMC2921107 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-10-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DAOA/G30 (D-amino acid oxidase activator) gene complex at chromosomal region 13q32-33 is one of the most intriguing susceptibility loci for the major psychiatric disorders, although there is no consensus about the specific risk alleles or haplotypes across studies. METHODS In a case-control sample of German descent (affective psychosis: n = 248; controls: n = 188) we examined seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) around DAOA/G30 (rs3916966, rs1935058, rs2391191, rs1935062, rs947267, rs3918342, and rs9558575) for genetic association in a polydiagnostic approach (ICD 10; Leonhard's classification). RESULTS No single marker showed evidence of overall association with affective disorder neither in ICD10 nor Leonhard's classification. Haplotype analysis revealed no association with recurrent unipolar depression or bipolar disorder according to ICD10, within Leonhard's classification manic-depression was associated with a 3-locus haplotype (rs2391191, rs1935062, and rs3916966; P = 0.022) and monopolar depression with a 5-locus combination at the DAOA/G30 core region (P = 0.036). CONCLUSION Our data revealed potential evidence for partially overlapping risk haplotypes at the DAOA/G30 locus in Leonhard's affective psychoses, but do not support a common genetic contribution of the DAOA/G30 gene complex to the pathogenesis of affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micha Gawlik
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Füchsleinstrasse 15, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Ingeborg Wehner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Füchsleinstraße 15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Meinhard Mende
- Coordination Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven Jung
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Würzburg, Lindleinstraße 15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Pfuhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Füchsleinstraße 15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Knapp
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerald Stöber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Füchsleinstraße 15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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