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Dong Z, Zhou J, Conti A, Westwood SJ, Fu X, Liu Q, Yuan Y, Huang X, Qiu C, Zhang X, Tang W. Association between alexithymia and non-suicidal self-injury in psychiatric patients: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of emotional intelligence. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 162:57-64. [PMID: 37088044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raffagnato's theory claims that if people have no words to express their emotions (alexithymia), they express themselves by venting or through non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, these associations have not been confirmed in psychiatric patients. This study explored the relationship between alexithymia and NSSI in psychiatric patients and the potential underlying psychological mechanisms. METHODS This retrospective study involved face-to-face interviews with 449 outpatients consecutively recruited from West China Hospital. Alexithymia, self-esteem, NSSI, and emotional intelligence (EI) were measured. The moderating role of EI and the mediating role of self-esteem between alexithymia and NSSI were also explored. Logistic regressions were used to examine whether sociodemographic, clinical variables and alexithymia were independently associated with NSSI. RESULTS The DSM-5 NSSI disorder and alexithymia prevalences were found to be 32.5% and 45.2%. When the other covariables were controlled for, the alexithymic patients were found to be at increased odds (OR 2.76) of engaging in NSSI behaviors. These results confirmed the strong associations between alexithymia, low self-esteem, and NSSI risk. Lower EI was found to be related to the connections between alexithymia and NSSI. Except for the lower risk in anxiety patients, the risk of NSSI was similar for patients with other mental disorders, CONCLUSION: This study revealed the psychological mechanisms through which alexithymia increases the risk of NSSI. Therefore, to reduce NSSI risk, screening for alexithymia should be emphasized. Self-esteem as a targeted psychological intervention could also assist in mitigating the process from alexithymia to NSSI behaviors, and EI training for psychiatric patients could weaken the relationship between alexithymia and NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Leshan People's Hospital, Leshan, Sichuan, China
| | - Aldo Conti
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Samuel J Westwood
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Science, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Xia Fu
- Out-patient Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Out-patient Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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Yeh YJ, Tsai W, Chen JH, Kimel S. Culture, Family Problems, Emotion Dysregulation and Nonsuicidal Self-injury: Differences among Taiwanese and Americans. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Liu J, Yang L, Zheng Y, Kang C, Wang X, Shi J, Qiu S, Zhao Y, Yu J, Zhao N. Rural-urban differences in prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation in adolescent patients with depression in a large sample of Chinese. J Affect Disord 2023; 322:118-124. [PMID: 36395987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation (SI) is severe comorbidity of depression that has been extensively studied in the past. Residence differences between SI have rarely been systematically studied, especially in parental rearing behavior. This large-scale explored the residence differences in the prevalence and correlation of SI adolescent patients with depression. METHODS A total of 1417 patients with depression were recruited, and their demographic data and clinical data were collected. The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran (EMBU) scale were used to assess depression, and parental rearing behavior, respectively. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in urban patients than in rural patients (43.7 % vs.37.7 %, P < 0.05). Patients with SI scored higher on total CDI scores, parental punishment, parental rejection, and paternal overprotection compared to their respective patients without SI. In the urban group, patients with SI had lower parental emotional warmth scores and higher parental intervention scores compared to patients without SI. Logistic regression analysis showed that total CDI score, gender, alcohol consumption, father's emotional warmth, father's rejection, and mother's intervention were significantly associated with SI in urban patients (P < 0.05); total CDI score and mother's rejection were significantly associated with SI in rural patients (P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS No causal relationship could be drawn due to the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed significant residential differences in risk and associated factors for SI among adolescents with depression. Focusing on the parenting styles of adolescent patients can help with the early identification and intervention of SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liying Yang
- Dalian Seventh People's Hospital (Dalian Mental Health Center), Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyi Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Siyu Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiahong Yu
- Dalian Seventh People's Hospital (Dalian Mental Health Center), Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Peng B, Liao J, Li Y, Jia G, Yang J, Wu Z, Zhang J, Yang Y, Luo X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Pan J. Personality characteristics, defense styles, borderline symptoms, and non-suicidal self-injury in first-episode major depressive disorder. Front Psychol 2023; 14:989711. [PMID: 36777206 PMCID: PMC9909038 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.989711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is commonly seen in adolescents with depression and is a high-risk factor leading to suicide. The psychological mechanisms underlying depression with NSSI are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in personality traits, defensive styles, and borderline symptoms among first-episode youth patients with depression and self-injury compared with patients with depression without self-injury and healthy populations. Methods The current study recruited 188 participants, including 64 patients with depression and NSSI, 60 patients with depression without NSSI, and 64 healthy control subjects. Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the Defense Style Questionnaire, the short version of the Borderline Symptom List, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory were used to assess all participants. Results Patients with depression and NSSI showed more psychoticism than patients with depression without NSSI and healthy control subjects. Patients with depression and NSSI presented more intermediate defense styles than healthy control subjects. In the patients with depression and NSSI group, the frequency of self-injury in the last week was negatively correlated with mature defense styles and positively correlated with depressive symptoms and borderline symptoms. Further regression analysis showed that EPQ-psychoticism and depressive symptoms were independent risk factors for NSSI in patients with depression. Conclusion This study found that patients with depression and self-injury presented more neuroticism, introversion, EPQ-psychoticism, immature defenses, intermediate defenses, and borderline symptoms. Self-injury frequency was negatively correlated with mature defense styles and positively correlated with depressive symptoms and borderline symptoms. EPQ-Psychoticism and depressive symptoms are risk factors for predicting non-suicidal self-injury in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Department of Depressive Disorder, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiwu Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Guangbo Jia
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jihui Yang
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingjia Yang
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Luo
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Depressive Disorder, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingli Zhang
- Department of Depressive Disorder, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Yingli Zhang, ✉
| | - Jiyang Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Jiyang Pan, ✉
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Two pathways to suicidal intention in Ecuadorian adolescents: The role of parental and peer attachment, depression and impulsivity. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00757-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Silva GWDS, Meira KC, Azevedo DMD, Sena RCFD, Lins SLDF, Dantas ESO, Miranda FAND. Factors associated with suicidal ideation among travestis and transsexuals receiving assistance from transgender organizations. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:4955-4966. [PMID: 34787189 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320212611.3.32342019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and explore associated factors among travestis and transsexuals. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2015 and 2016 with 22 travestis and 36 transsexuals who were members of the four transgender organizations operating in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Associations between suicidal ideation and the categorical variables were measured using the chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and likelihood ratios. Multivariate analysis was performed using robust Poisson regression. The suicidal ideation prevalence rate was 41.4% (95%CI 41.3-54.51%): 13.79% among travestis (95%CI 4.91-22.66%) and 27.61% in transsexuals (95%CI 16.08-39.08%). The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher among respondents who reported suffering violence at school (PR = 2.05; 95%CI 1.08-3.87) and those experiencing moderate/severe depression (PR = 3.86; 95%CI 1.51-9.83). The findings suggest that unfavorable school contexts and the presence of depression compromise mental health and contribute to suicidal ideation among travestis and transsexuals.
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Gatta M, Balottin L, Mannarini S, Chesani G, Del col L, Spoto A, Battistella PA. Familial factors relating to alexithymic traits in adolescents with psychiatric disorders. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Gatta
- Childhood Adolescence Family Unit, ULSS 16 Padova, Woman and Child Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Laura Balottin
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Stefania Mannarini
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Giulia Chesani
- Childhood Adolescence Family Unit, ULSS 16 Padova, Woman and Child Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Lara Del col
- Childhood Adolescence Family Unit, ULSS 16 Padova, Woman and Child Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Andrea Spoto
- General Psychology Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Pier Antonio Battistella
- Childhood Adolescence Family Unit, ULSS 16 Padova, Woman and Child Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
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Norman H, Oskis A, Marzano L, Coulson M. The relationship between self‐harm and alexithymia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Scand J Psychol 2020; 61:855-876. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Norman
- Faculty of Science and Technology Middlesex University London UK
| | - Andrea Oskis
- Faculty of Science and Technology Middlesex University London UK
| | - Lisa Marzano
- Faculty of Science and Technology Middlesex University London UK
| | - Mark Coulson
- School of Psychology University of East Anglia Norwich UK
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9
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Alexithymia and self-harm: A review of nonsuicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Psychiatry Res 2020; 288:112920. [PMID: 32279008 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide attempts are a significant global public health concern. Research into non-traditional factors, such as the presence of alexithymia, may shed light on the prediction of suicidal behaviours, which can aid intervention and prevention strategies. To ascertain whether alexithymia is a unique risk factor for suicide attempts, this article reviews the evidence on alexithymia related to suicidal ideation, attempts, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). METHODS A literature search was conducted for original articles examining the general and psychiatric populations. RESULTS There is consistent evidence linking alexithymia with suicidal ideation and NSSI, but inconsistent evidence linking it to suicide attempts. CONCLUSION The relationship between alexithymia and suicidality seems to differ based on whether the research focuses on suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, or NSSI. The relationship between alexithymia and suicidality can be understood within the context of multiple code theory and childhood trauma. Future research should explore the whether alexithymia can reliably distinguish between those with a single attempt and those with multiple suicide attempts as well as alexithymia levels pre- and post-intervention with suicide-related behavior as outcomes in treatment studies.
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10
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Mannarini S, Balottin L, Palmieri A, Carotenuto F. Emotion Regulation and Parental Bonding in Families of Adolescents With Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1493. [PMID: 30174638 PMCID: PMC6107795 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental bonding and emotional regulation, while important to explain difficulties that may arise in child development, have mainly been studied at an individual level. The present study aims to examine alexithymia and parental bonding in families of adolescents with psychiatric disorders through different generations. The sample included a total of 102 adolescent patients with psychiatric disorders and their parents. In order to take a family level approach, a Latent Class Analysis was used to identify the latent relationships among alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale), perceived parental bonding (Parental Bonding Instrument) and the presence of adolescent internalizing or externalizing psychiatric symptoms (Youth Self-Report). Families of internalizing and externalizing adolescents present different and specific patterns of emotional regulation and parenting. High levels of adolescent alexithymia, along with a neglectful parenting style perceived by the adolescent and the father as well, characterized the families of patients with internalizing symptoms. On the other hand, in the families with externalizing adolescents, it was mainly the mother to remember an affectionless control parental style. These results suggest the existence of an intergenerational transmission of specific parental bonding, which may influence the emotional regulation and therefore the manifestation of psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mannarini
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Balottin
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Palmieri
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Carotenuto
- Interdepartmental Center for Family Research, Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, Section of Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Chang MC, Lee TH, Lung FW. Personality characteristics of fighter pilots and ground personnel. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2017.1420977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chung Chang
- Department of Nursing, Calo Psychiatric Center, Pingtung County, Taiwan
- Nursing Department, MeiHo University, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Psychology, Calo Psychiatric Center, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - For-Wey Lung
- Department of Psychiatry, Calo Psychiatric Center, Pingtung County, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sun L, Zhou C, Xu L, Li S, Kong F, Chu J. Suicidal ideation, plans and attempts among medical college students in china: The effect of their parental characteristics. Psychiatry Res 2017; 247:139-143. [PMID: 27889604 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Medical college students are a high-risk population of suicidal ideation, plan and attempt. However, few studies discuss the effect of parental characteristics on suicidal ideation, plans and attempts among medical college students in China. A total of 2198 respondents answered the questionnaires referring social-demographic characteristics, psychological conditions, parental characteristics, suicidal ideation, plan and attempt. The prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan and attempt among the subjects were 17.9%, 5.2% and 4.3%, respectively. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that male, mother's education level, mother's parenting style, relationship in parents and psychological condition were associated with lifetime suicidal ideation. Male, mother's vocation, mother's parenting style, relationship in parents and psychological conditions were associated with suicide plan. Male, relationship in parents and psychological condition were associated with suicide attempt. Those imply that mother may play more roles on suicidal ideation and plan than father among medical college students in China. Psychological condition has a very strong association with suicidal ideation, plan and attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shixue Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fanlei Kong
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Chu
- Department for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
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Kao WT, Yang MC, Lung FW. Association between HTR1B alleles and suicidal ideation in individuals with major depressive disorder. Neurosci Lett 2016; 638:204-210. [PMID: 28007644 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin receptors, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (HTRs), play a role in individuals' vulnerability to major depressive disorders (MDDs) and/or suicide attempts. In the first part of the study, we recruited 789 Taiwanese participants, which included 285 MDD patients, 191 MDD patients with a history of suicide attempts (MS), and 313 controls. The three groups were genotyped to identify HTR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and we analyzed the correlations among the three groups. In the second part of the study, which involved a functional test of HTR1B allelic and haplotype variants, another 113 MDD patients were recruited. The rs6298-T allele was more frequent in the MS group than in the control group. The rs1923885-T allele occurred more frequently in the MS group than in the MDD group. Carriers of haplotype GT were estimated to have a 1.774-fold higher risk of suicide attempts. Younger age, alleles rs6296-C, rs6298-T and rs1923885-C, and haplotype CT were associated with a greater risk of MDD. Haplotypes GC and GT were directly associated with a lower risk of suicidal ideation. Haplotypes GC and GT also associated with higher levels of HTR1B mRNA, and haplotype GC was associated with extraversion, which caused a lower risk of suicidal ideation. The rs6296-C allele have directly and indirectly influenced a greater risk of suicidal ideation, which mediated by its negative effect on extraversion. Haplotype GT can be used to identify patients with a higher risk of suicide attempts. The rs6296-C allele lowered the level of HTR1B mRNA, causing individuals with MDD to display more hostility and aggressive behavior, which may lead to suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tsung Kao
- Laboratory of Research, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Yang
- Laboratory of Research, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Biological Science, National Sun Yet-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - For-Wey Lung
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Calo Psychiatric Center, Pingtung County, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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14
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Xin X, Ming Q, Zhang J, Wang Y, Liu M, Yao S. Four Distinct Subgroups of Self-Injurious Behavior among Chinese Adolescents: Findings from a Latent Class Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158609. [PMID: 27392132 PMCID: PMC4938421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-injurious behavior (SIB) among adolescents is an important public health issue worldwide. It is still uncertain whether homogeneous subgroups of SIB can be identified and whether constellations of SIBs can co-occur due to the high heterogeneity of these behaviors. In this study, a cross-sectional study was conducted on a large school-based sample and latent class analysis was performed (n = 10,069, mean age = 15 years) to identify SIB classes based on 11 indicators falling under direct SIB (DSIB), indirect SIB (ISIB), and suicide attempts (SAs). Social and psychological characteristics of each subgroup were examined after controlling for age and gender. Results showed that a four-class model best fit the data and each class had a distinct pattern of co-occurrence of SIBs and external measures. Class 4 (the baseline/normative group, 65.3%) had a low probability of SIB. Class 3 (severe SIB group, 3.9%) had a high probability of SIB and the poorest social and psychological status. Class 1 (DSIB+SA group, 14.2%) had similar scores for external variables compared to class 3, and included a majority of girls [odds ratio (OR) = 1.94]. Class 2 (ISIB group, 16.6%) displayed moderate endorsement of ISIB items, and had a majority of boys and older adolescents (OR = 1.51). These findings suggest that SIB is a heterogeneous entity, but it may be best explained by four homogenous subgroups that display quantitative and qualitative differences. Findings in this study will improve our understanding on SIB and may facilitate the prevention and treatment of SIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Xin
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Medical Psychology, Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Mental Health Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Qingsen Ming
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- Psychology Department, School Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mingli Liu
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- School of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- * E-mail:
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Sharaf AY, Thompson EA, Abd El-Salam HF. Perception of Parental Bonds and Suicide Intent Among Egyptian Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2016; 29:15-22. [PMID: 26988071 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Suicidal adolescents, compared to their nonsuicidal peers, tend to perceive their parents as less "caring" and more "controlling"-which characterizes the "affectionless control" parenting style. Research findings are inconsistent regarding the distinct influence of mother versus father parenting on youth suicide intent; moreover, the influence of parents' joint parenting styles on suicide intent has not been investigated. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design and large sample (N = 150 youth, 13-21 years old), currently hospitalized in a treatment center in Egypt for a recent suicide attempt, data were collected using the Suicide Intent Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. FINDINGS Seventy percent of youth reported high suicide intent. Mother and father parenting styles, assessed independently, were not associated with adolescent suicide intent. The joint effect of both parents' parenting style, however, was positively associated with suicide intent (Wald χ(2) = 8.79, p = .03). Suicide intent was stronger among adolescents who experienced neglectful compared with optimal parenting style (B = 1.93, Wald χ(2) = 4.28, p = .04). CONCLUSIONS The findings have direct implications for mental health nursing interventions, signaling the critical need to engage both parents in family-based interventions to address youth suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Y Sharaf
- Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elaine A Thompson
- Psychosocial & Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hoda F Abd El-Salam
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Chen L, Xu K, Fu L, Xu S, Gao Q, Wang W. Development of a structure-validated Family Relationship Questionnaire (FRQ) with Chinese university students. Bull Menninger Clin 2015; 79:232-54. [PMID: 26366981 DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2015.79.3.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Consistent results have shown a relationship between the psychological world of children and their perceived parental bonding or family attachment style, but to date there is no single measure covering both styles. The authors designed a statement matrix with 116 items for this purpose and compared it with the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) in a study with 718 university students. After exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, five factors (scales)--namely, Paternal/Maternal Encouragement (5 items each), Paternal/Maternal Abuse (5 items each), Paternal/Maternal Freedom Release (5 items each), General Attachment (5 items), and Paternal/Maternal Dominance (4 items each)--were defined to form a Family Relationship Questionnaire (FRQ). The internal alphas of the factors ranged from .64 to .83, and their congruency coefficients were .93 to .98 in samples regarding father and mother. Women scored significantly higher on FRQ General Attachment and Maternal Encouragement and lower on Paternal Abuse than men did; only children scored significantly higher on Paternal and Maternal Encouragements than children with siblings did. Women also scored significantly higher on PBI Paternal Autonomy Denial; only children scored significantly higher on Paternal and Maternal Cares and Maternal Autonomy Denial. All intercorrelations between FRQ scales were low to medium, and some correlations between FRQ and PBI scales were medium to high. This study demonstrates that the FRQ has a structure of five factors with satisfactory discriminant and convergent validities, which might help to characterize family relationships in healthy and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Wang
- The Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Norman H, Borrill J. The relationship between self-harm and alexithymia. Scand J Psychol 2015; 56:405-19. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
This work aimed to study the relationship between psychological-behavioral characteristics and fractures in children to provide a basis for development of preventive strategies. The study included 84 children hospitalized for fractures (fracture group) and 78 children without fractures (control group). The following questionnaires were utilized: temperament questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). There were more children with problem behaviors in the fracture group than in the control group (P<0.01). Furthermore, level of activity and attention dispersion showed a significant relationship with fractures (P<0.05). Scores for the psychoticism, extroversion, and neuroticism subscales of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were higher for the fracture group than the control group (P<0.05 or <0.01). For the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist, the average score for boys and/or girls was higher in the fracture group than the control group in 4-5-year and/or 6-11-year olds. In addition, in 6-11-year olds, boys in the fracture group had higher scores for restlessness, aggression, and violation of discipline and girls in the fracture group had higher scores for aggression and depression than those in the control group (P<0.05). Children with fractures had more psychological and behavioral problems. Psychological intervention measures could be adopted to reduce the occurrence of fractures in children.
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Conner KR, Wyman P, Goldston DB, Bossarte RM, Lu N, Kaukeinen K, Tu XM, Houston RJ, Lamis DA, Chan G, Bucholz KK, Hesselbrock VM. Two Studies of Connectedness to Parents and Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior in Children and Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 45:129-40. [PMID: 25310350 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2014.952009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We tested hypotheses that greater connectedness to parent(s) is associated with lower risk for nonlethal suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB), termed direct protective effects, and that parent connectedness serves to moderate (lower) the risk for STB associated with psychopathology including major depressive episode (MDE), termed moderating protective effects. Independent samples of children and adolescents recruited for a multicenter study of familial alcoholism were studied. Generalized estimating equation models were used that adjusted for age, sex, and youth psychopathology variables. The sample for Study 1 was assessed at baseline and about 2- and 4-year follow-ups, with baseline characteristics of n = 921, M age = 14.3 ± 1.8 years, and 51.8% female. The sample for Study 2 was assessed at baseline and about 5-year follow-up, with baseline characteristics of n = 867, M age = 12.0 ± 3.2 years, and 51.0% female. In both studies, increased perceived connectedness to father but not mother was associated with lower risk for measures of STB, consistent with direct protective effects. In Study 1, measures of parent connectedness were associated with lower risk for STB but only for youth that did not experience MDE (or alcohol use disorder), inconsistent with moderating protective effects. Study 2 showed that connectedness to fathers was associated with lower risk for suicide plans or attempts (severe STB) but not frequent thoughts of death or dying (nonsevere STB). Improved connectedness to fathers may lower risk for STB in children and adolescents, consistent with direct protective effects. Hypotheses about moderating protective effects were not supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Conner
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , New York , USA.,b VA VISN 2 Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention , Canandaigua VA Medical Center , Canandaigua , New York , USA
| | - Peter Wyman
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , New York , USA
| | - David B Goldston
- c Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Duke University School of Medicine , Durham , North Carolina , USA
| | - Robert M Bossarte
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , New York , USA.,b VA VISN 2 Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention , Canandaigua VA Medical Center , Canandaigua , New York , USA
| | - Naiji Lu
- d Department of Biostatistics , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , New York , USA
| | - Kimberly Kaukeinen
- d Department of Biostatistics , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , New York , USA
| | - Xin M Tu
- d Department of Biostatistics , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , New York , USA
| | - Rebecca J Houston
- e Research Institute on Addictions , State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- f Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Grace Chan
- g Department of Psychiatry , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , Connecticut , USA
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- h Department of Psychiatry and Midwest Alcoholism Research Center , Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University , St. Louis , Missouri , USA
| | - Victor M Hesselbrock
- g Department of Psychiatry , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , Connecticut , USA
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Shek DTL, Law MYM. Parental Behavioral Control, Parental Psychological Control and Parent-Child Relational Qualities: Relationships to Chinese Adolescent Risk Behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-287-143-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Myors KA, Schmied V, Johnson M, Cleary M. Therapeutic interventions in perinatal and infant mental health services: a mixed methods inquiry. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2014; 35:372-85. [PMID: 24766172 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2013.873100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal mental health disorders potentially have long-term negative sequelae for women, their infants and their families. Multidisciplinary perinatal and infant mental health (PIMH) services are an emerging specialty in mental health designed to improve mother-infant outcomes. This mixed methods study explored the characteristics of women referred to a specialist PIMH service and the therapeutic interventions that PIMH clinicians use. Women referred to the service were identified with multiple and complex risk factors. Perinatal and infant mental health clinicians use a range of interventions, dependent upon their training, such as family of origin work/genograms, non-directive counseling, and strategies to manage anxiety and depression. Clinicians also emphasized the therapeutic relationship and the interventions they use within an attachment-based framework, which warrants further research.
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