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Freitag S, Au JS, Liu DY, Mekawi Y, Lamis DA. Do bipolar disorder symptom profiles matter for suicide risk? A latent class approach to investigating differences in suicidal desire and acquired capability. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:24-37. [PMID: 37937748 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depressive and mixed symptoms in bipolar disorder (BD) have been linked to higher suicide risk. Based on Klonsky and May's three-step theory and Joiner's Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide, we hypothesized that patients diagnosed with BD who reported severe levels of depressive symptoms and mixed depressive and manic symptoms would also report higher levels of suicidal desire and acquired capability of suicide, as well as suicidal thoughts and behaviors. METHODS The sample included 177 outpatients diagnosed with BD. Latent class analysis was conducted to replicate the identified groups of a previously conducted study using a smaller but overlapping dataset. Between-class and pairwise analyses with measures of suicidal desire and acquired capability were conducted. RESULTS As expected, the classes characterized by severe depressive symptoms and mixed symptoms reported higher levels of suicidal desire. However, the results regarding acquired capability were less consistent. CONCLUSION Given the overall elevated suicide risk of BD and the consistent relationship between depressive symptoms and other strong correlates of suicide, clinicians who work with patients diagnosed with BD should closely monitor changes in their depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Freitag
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Josephine S Au
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health/Brigham and Women's Hospital/McLean Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daphne Y Liu
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Yara Mekawi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Berardelli I, Aguglia A, Amerio A, Sarubbi S, Rogante E, Trocchia MA, Zelletta D, Longhini L, Erbuto D, Pastorino F, Lamis DA, Innamorati M, Serafini G, Pompili M. Characterization of Psychiatric Inpatients: The Role of Gender Differences in Clinical and Pharmacological Patterns. J Psychiatr Pract 2024; 30:2-12. [PMID: 38227722 DOI: 10.1097/pra.0000000000000756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe mental disorders that require hospitalization are disabling conditions that contribute to the burden of mental diseases. They pose increased clinical challenges and highlight the need to thoroughly explore variables emerging from daily clinical practice. In this study, we assessed to what extent gender differences may characterize a large population of psychiatric inpatients. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2 Italian teaching medical centers, which included 2358 patients who were consecutively admitted to the psychiatric emergency units. We explored and characterized gender differences for variables such as prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis, presence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, age at onset of psychiatric illness, presence of substance or alcohol abuse, length of stay, number of hospitalizations, presence of involuntary admission, type of discharge from the hospital, and pharmacological treatment at discharge. RESULTS Female patients were primarily diagnosed with bipolar disorder or personality disorders. Female patients had a significantly higher prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts (23.1% vs. 16.5%, P<0.001) and a longer length of hospitalization (11.43±10.73 d vs. 10.52±10.37 d, t=-2.099, gl=2356, P=0.036) compared with male patients. Male patients had more involuntary admissions (25.1% vs. 19.7%, χ2=9.616, gl=1, P=0.002), more use of illicit substances (34.1% vs. 20.9%, χ2=51.084, gl=1, P<0.001), and higher rates of alcohol abuse (21.3% vs. 14.7%, χ2=17.182, gl=1, P<0.001) compared with female patients. Finally, antidepressants and lithium were prescribed more frequently to the female patients, whereas other mood stabilizers were more often prescribed to the male patients. CONCLUSIONS Our real-world results highlighted gender differences among patients with severe mental disorders admitted to psychiatric units, and suggest further investigations that may help in understanding trajectories accompanying disabling clinical conditions.
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Kravets V, McDonald M, DeRosa J, Hernandez-Irizarry R, Parker R, Lamis DA, Powers A, Schenker ML. Early Identification of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Trauma Patients: Development of a Multivariable Risk Prediction Model. Am Surg 2023; 89:4542-4551. [PMID: 35981543 DOI: 10.1177/00031348221121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to build a risk prediction model to identify trauma patients at the time of injury who are at high risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 1 year later. METHODS Patients 18+ with operative orthopedic trauma injuries were enrolled in prospective social determinants of health cohort. Data were collected through initial surveys, medical records at time of injury, and 1-year follow-up phone screenings. Univariate analysis examined associations between factors and PTSD at 1 year. The best fit multivariable logistic regression model led to a novel PTSD risk prediction tool based on weights assigned similar to the Charlson index methods. RESULTS Of 329 enrolled patients, 87 (26%) completed follow-up surveys; 58% screened positive for chronic PTSD. The best fit model predicting PTSD included age, insurance, violent mechanism, and 2 acute stress screening questions (AUC .89). Using these parameters, the maximum possible TIPPS index was 19. Those with PTSD at 1 year had a mean TIPPS index of 12.9 ± 4.0, compared to 5.9 ± 4.2 for those who did not (P < .001). DISCUSSION Traumatic injury often leads to PTSD, which can be predicted by a novel risk score incorporating age, insurance status, violent injury mechanism, and acute stress reaction symptoms. Stability in life and relationships with primary care physicians may be protective of PTSD. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic level II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Kravets
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael McDonald
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joel DeRosa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Ruth Parker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abigail Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mara L Schenker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Kapoor S, Freitag S, Bradshaw J, Valencia GT, Lamis DA. The collective impact of childhood abuse, psychache, and interpersonal needs on suicidal ideation among individuals with bipolar disorder: A discriminant analysis. Child Abuse Negl 2023; 141:106202. [PMID: 37116450 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is one of the ten leading causes of death in the United States. Childhood abuse, psychache (intense emotional pain), and interpersonal needs are widely known to be associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. However, only a limited number of studies investigate whether these variables, when analyzed collectively, are able to distinguish between a group of individuals who report suicidal ideation and those who deny such thoughts. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Data were collected from individuals (N =177) with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder participating in an intensive outpatient program that provides mental health care to indigent, mostly minority patients in Southeast United States. METHODS The dependent variable was item number 9 on the Beck Depression Inventory that asks about any suicidal thoughts in the past two weeks. We utilized discriminant analysis to test whether childhood abuse, interpersonal needs, and psychache were collectively able to accurately identify group membership of the study participants. RESULTS The discriminant model included six independent variables: three different types of childhood abuse (emotional, physical, and sexual), interpersonal needs (perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness), and psychache. Results revealed that the model was able to correctly classify group membership in 75% of the individuals in the study. CONCLUSION In context of bipolar disorder, history of childhood abuse (particularly sexual and emotional abuse), intense psychache, and greater perceived thwarted belongingness and burdensomeness put an individual at a higher risk of suicidal ideation. Gaining insight into the interactions among these variables may lead to formulating early interventions to prevent suicide in patients reporting this constellation of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kapoor
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America
| | - S Freitag
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - J Bradshaw
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - G T Valencia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - D A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
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Zhang J, Lyu J, Lamis DA. Economic Development and Gender Ratio Change in Chinese Suicide Rates (1990-2017). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15606. [PMID: 36497679 PMCID: PMC9738356 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The overall gender ratio in Chinese suicide rates has substantially changed during the past three decades. In this study, we investigated the social economic factors and the mechanisms that may be contributing to this fluctuation. Study Design: This is a secondary analysis using suicide mortality data from the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Methods: A statistical model was performed with province as the unit of analysis. The per capita GDP and income of each provincial-level region were collected from the Economic and Statistical Yearbook. Rate and ratio were used to describe the trend of variations, and correlation analyses were conducted to examine the association between economic development and gender ratio change. Results: The China overall male to female gender ratio of suicide rates increased as the GDP per capita grew (r = 0.439; p = 0.015). The gender ratio changed from 0.88 in 1990 to 1.56 in 2017, with the reversion point between 1995 and 2000. The most radical reverse changes in the gender ratios were found in large municipalities. Conclusions: Cultural and social economic variables may explain the gender ratio changes. Increased economic development has significantly reduced psychological strains on rural young women, which in turn decreased the suicide rate among this sub-population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Department of Sociology, State University of New York at Buffalo State, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA
| | - Juncheng Lyu
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Dorian A. Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
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Freitag S, Kapoor S, Lamis DA. Childhood maltreatment, impulsive aggression, and suicidality among patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Psychol Trauma 2022; 14:1256-1262. [PMID: 35084918 DOI: 10.1037/tra0001218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar disorder is associated with a history of childhood maltreatment, impulsive aggression, and lethal suicide attempts. Often, aggression and violence prevent the diagnosed individual from receiving timely access to mental health care, leading to adverse outcomes such as repeated psychiatric hospitalization or even incarceration. METHOD In this study, we recruited a sample of 150 low-income patients with bipolar disorder from an outpatient behavioral health clinic affiliated with an urban public hospital in Southeastern United States. We explored whether different types of childhood maltreatment (physical, sexual, emotional) are associated with impulsive aggression among individuals with bipolar disorder. Additionally, we examined whether impulsive aggression is related to suicidality. Finally, we sought to test the potential mediated effect of impulsive aggression on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and suicidality. RESULTS Findings suggest that all direct associations were significant and that impulsive aggression was a significant mediator in the relationship between childhood emotional and sexual abuse. However, when childhood physical abuse was included as an independent variable in the model, impulsive aggression did not mediate the association, even though impulsive aggression was related to suicidality. CONCLUSION Results from this study suggest that impulsive aggression exerts a wide-ranging impact on suicidality in the context of childhood trauma in those with bipolar disorder. In the future, targeted interventions to address the underlying etiologies of aggression may translate into an improved quality of life, decreased rates of suicidality, and positive clinical outcomes among individuals with bipolar disorder. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Freitag
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Shweta Kapoor
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
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Berardelli I, Sarubbi S, Rogante E, Erbuto D, Giuliani C, Lamis DA, Innamorati M, Pompili M. Association between Childhood Maltreatment and Suicidal Ideation: A Path Analysis Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082179. [PMID: 35456272 PMCID: PMC9027208 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested that childhood maltreatment increases suicidal ideation, and dissociative symptoms and hopelessness are involved in this relation. To better address this issue, we used a path analysis model to examine the role of different types of childhood maltreatment on suicidal ideation, investigating whether hopelessness and dissociative symptoms mediated this relation. A sample of 215 adult psychiatric inpatients was enrolled between January 2019 and January 2020, at the psychiatric unit of Sant’Andrea Medical Center in Rome, Italy. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II), and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) were used to test the hypotheses. Results revealed that the presence of sexual abuse directly affected suicidal ideation (β = 0.18, SE = 0.8, p < 0.05), while emotional abuse and neglect indirectly increased suicidal ideation via dissociation (β = 0.05, SE = 0.02, 95% C.I. 0.01/0.09) and hopelessness (β = 0.10, SE = 0.03, 95% C.I. = 0.04/0.16). Professionals working with children should be aware of the long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment, particularly suicide risk. Furthermore, professionals working with adults should inquire about past childhood maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy; (I.B.); (D.E.)
| | - Salvatore Sarubbi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elena Rogante
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy; (I.B.); (D.E.)
| | - Carlotta Giuliani
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Psychiatry Unit, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Dorian A. Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy; (I.B.); (D.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-063-377-5675; Fax: +39-063-377-5342
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Sun L, Zhang J, Lamis DA, Wang Y. Risk Assessment on Suicide Death and Attempt among Chinese Rural Youths Aged 15-34 Years. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182413362. [PMID: 34948972 PMCID: PMC8708552 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although many suicide risk assessment tools are available in the world, their validity is not adequately assessed. In this study, we aimed to develop and evaluate a suicide risk assessment model among Chinese rural youths aged 15–34 years. Method: Subjects were 373 suicide deaths and 507 suicide attempters aged 15–34 years in three Chinese provinces (Shandong, Liaoning, and Hunan). Information about the community residents was also collected as the control groups. Social-demographic, social and psychological variables were examined for the suicides, suicide attempters, and community residents. Logistic regressions based on subjects from Shandong and Liaoning provinces were conducted to establish the suicide risk assessment models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn, and area under the ROC curves (AUC) were calculated to show how well the models separated the group being tested into those with and without suicide attempt or suicide. Results: The assessment model for suicide death included education years (OR = 0.773, p < 0.001), agricultural worker (OR = 2.091, p < 0.05), physical health (OR = 0.445, p < 0.05), family suicide history (OR = 6.858, p < 0.001), negative life events (OR = 1.340, p < 0.001), hopelessness (OR = 1.171, p < 0.001), impulsivity (OR = 1.151, p < 0.001), and mental disorder (OR = 8.384, p < 0.001). All these factors were also supported in the assessment model for suicide attempt, with an extension of very poor economic status (OR = 1.941, p < 0.01) and social interaction (OR = 0.855, p < 0.001). The AUC was 0.950 and 0.857 for the sample used to establish the assessment models of suicide death and attempt, respectively. The AUC was 0.967 and 0.942 for the sample used to verify the established assessment models of suicide death and attempt, respectively. Conclusions: Compared with some other assessment tools, the models for suicide death and attempt in the current study performed well among Chinese rural youths aged 15–34 years. A reliable suicide risk assessment approach, which includes multiple risk factors, should be evaluated in various cultures and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- Center for Suicide Prevention Research, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China; (L.S.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory for Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), National Health Commission of China, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Center for Suicide Prevention Research, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China; (L.S.); (Y.W.)
- Department of Sociology, Central University of Finance and Economics, 39 Xueyuannan Road, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Sociology, State University of New York Buffalo State, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-716-878-6425; Fax: +1-716-878-4009
| | - Dorian A. Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 10 Park Place, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
| | - Yifan Wang
- Center for Suicide Prevention Research, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China; (L.S.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory for Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), National Health Commission of China, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China
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Hampton-Anderson JN, Carter S, Fani N, Gillespie CF, Henry TL, Holmes E, Lamis DA, LoParo D, Maples-Keller JL, Powers A, Sonu S, Kaslow NJ. Adverse childhood experiences in African Americans: Framework, practice, and policy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 76:314-325. [PMID: 33734797 DOI: 10.1037/amp0000767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) disproportionately impact African Americans because of profound subjection to historical-systemic oppression in addition to personal and intergenerational trauma exposure. This article utilizes a biopsychosocial-cultural framework to understand the correlates of ACE exposure in African Americans and attends to the cultural factors that contribute to resilience. We review the evidence base for culturally informed, preventive-interventions, as well as strategies for bolstering this work by capitalizing on cultural strengths that are salient in the African American community. We also highlight pertinent policy initiatives guided by recent strategic outlines by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These policies provide the backdrop for the recommendations offered to facilitate the healthy biopsychosocial development of individuals and families. These recommendations can contribute to the expansion and creation of new policies that aim to strengthen individual coping in the face of adversity, enhance family bonds and resilience, and promote community capacity to reduce ACE exposure in African Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Negar Fani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University
| | | | - Tracey L Henry
- Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Emory University
| | | | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University
| | - Devon LoParo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University
| | | | - Abigail Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University
| | - Stan Sonu
- Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Preventive Medicine, Emory University
| | - Nadine J Kaslow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University
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Clarke C, Oh J, Khan H, LoParo D, Lamis DA. Referral patterns and demographic factors predict treatment dropout in suicidal youth. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2021; 51:616-623. [PMID: 33870542 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to increasing suicide rates, treatment engagement among suicidal youth is paramount. Identification of factors that predict treatment dropout could aid in bolstering treatment engagement. In this study, we examine whether demographic factors, specific treatment referrals, and interactions among referrals predict treatment dropout in youth deemed at risk for suicide. METHODS Youth (N = 3606) were screened for suicide using the Early Identification, Referral, and Follow-up (EIRF) system across three community behavioral health centers. If considered at-risk, all were provided mental health referrals and some were provided family support, crisis hotline, and/or school support referrals. Analyses were performed to analyze dropout patterns based on the binary logistic regression framework. RESULTS Being older (OR = 1.06, p < 0.001) and being male (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001) were related to greater odds of dropping out from referrals, while being referred to family support (OR = 0.13, p < 0.001), and being referred to a crisis hotline (OR = 0.58, p < 0.001) were associated with smaller odds of dropping out. Interactions were also analyzed. CONCLUSION Monitoring utilization and referral patterns is essential to appropriately meet the needs of youth at-risk for suicide. Specifically, referring youth for family support and to use a crisis hotline may be particularly helpful in retaining treatment engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - JungSu Oh
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, USA
| | - Humama Khan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Devon LoParo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Au JS, Martinez de Andino A, Mekawi Y, Silverstein MW, Lamis DA. Latent class analysis of bipolar disorder symptoms and suicidal ideation and behaviors. Bipolar Disord 2021; 23:186-195. [PMID: 32579284 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Individuals with bipolar disorder are at increased risk of dying by suicide compared to healthy controls and those with unipolar depression. Previous studies show that depressive symptoms and mixed episodes of mania and depression are related to suicide. However, most of these studies adopt a variable-centered approach to understanding how specific symptoms relate to suicidal ideation, without addressing how these symptoms and symptom profiles relate to suicidal behaviors. OBJECTIVES Using latent class analysis, this study adopts a person-centered approach to examine whether subtypes of patients with bipolar disorder differ in their levels of suicidal ideation and behaviors. METHODS A total of 150 patients from a behavioral health outpatient clinic were recruited. Latent classes were generated based on self reports of their depressive and manic symptoms. RESULTS Five classes of patients with bipolar disorder were identified, namely, a minimal symptom, mania, moderately depressed, severely depressed, and mixed depression-mania subtypes. Those in the severely depressed and mixed depression-mania groups reported significantly higher levels of suicidal ideation and behaviors compared to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide further support for the strong relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidality. These findings are significant as they shed light on the different suicide risk profiles among a heterogenous group of patients with bipolar disorder. Name of clinical trial: Suicidal Behavior in Patients Diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder: The Roles of Biological and Childhood and Adult Environmental Risk Factors. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02604277.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine S Au
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, McLean Hospital/Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Martinez de Andino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yara Mekawi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Madison W Silverstein
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Abstract
Background: Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youth are more likely to report suicidal thoughts and/or behavior (STB) than heterosexual youth. The elevated suicidality of LGB youth is not fully accounted for by sexual-minority stress, according to a meta-analysis. A less-tested explanation is that suicidality has become an expected idiom of LGB youth distress. This explanation is consistent with suicide script theory and evidence that suicidal behavior is most likely when it is relatively acceptable. Aims: Building on suicide script theory and evidence, two studies were designed: one of LGB youth attitudes about suicidal behavior, and the other of LGB youth attitudes about suicidal individuals. Method: Surveys of LGB and heterosexual youth (total N = 300; M age = 20; 51% female) were conducted. Results: LGB youth were more accepting of and empathic toward suicidal behavior than heterosexual youth. They also viewed suicidal individuals as more emotionally adjusted. Limitations: Attitudes were not examined by sexual-minority subgroups. Conclusion: LGB youth's understanding attitudes may translate into less judgmental behavior toward suicidal peers, but also into normalizing suicidality as a way to express distress and cope with life problems. There may be utility in evaluating LGB youth suicide attitudes in suicide prevention initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Antonelli
- Health Sciences Department, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Ciccotti
- Health Sciences Department, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Dettore
- Health Sciences Department, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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13
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Berardelli I, Belvisi D, Nardella A, Falcone G, Lamis DA, Fabbrini G, Berardelli A, Girardi P, Pompili M. Suicide in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2020; 18:466-477. [PMID: 31269887 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190703093345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders and suicide have been reported in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. The aims of the present paper were to determine whether patients with Parkinson's disease have an increased rate of suicide and to identify the clinical features possibly associated with suicide risk in Parkinson's disease. We also reviewed the studies on suicide risk in Parkinson's disease in patients after deep brain stimulation. We performed a Medline, Excerpta Medica, PsycLit, PsycInfo and Index Medicus search to identify all articles published on this topic from 1970 to 2019. The following search terms were used: suicide OR suicide attempt OR suicidal ideation OR suicide risk AND Parkinson's disease AND Parkinson's disease and deep brain stimulation. The studies we identified that assessed the suicide rate associated with Parkinson's disease yielded contrasting results, although an increase in suicidal ideation did emerge. The studies on the effect of deep brain stimulation on suicide risk in Parkinson's disease also reported mixed findings. Psychiatric symptoms, including depression, appear to be associated with suicide risk in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing medical and after surgical treatment. The studies reviewed suggest that suicidal ideation is increased in Parkinson's disease. Further longitudinal studies designed to assess suicidality in this condition are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Adele Nardella
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Falcone
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30303, United States
| | - Giovanni Fabbrini
- IRCSS Neuromed Institute Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- IRCSS Neuromed Institute Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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14
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Serafini G, Lamis DA, Aguglia A, Amerio A, Nebbia J, Geoffroy PA, Pompili M, Amore M. Hopelessness and its correlates with clinical outcomes in an outpatient setting. J Affect Disord 2020; 263:472-479. [PMID: 31969280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined whether patients with hopelessness and those without may significantly differ regarding their main presentations and clinical course in a large Italian population. METHODS The recruited sample included 583 currently euthymic outpatients with major affective disorders. The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) assessed hopelessness using a cutoff score of 9 or higher. Participants were categorized based on the presence/absence of hopelessness. A binary logistic regression analysis -accounting for age and gender and considering history of psychotherapy, emotional/physical abuse, depressive symptoms, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) total score, difficulties identifying and communicating feelings as potential predictors- was carried out in order to detect the variables associated with hopelessness. RESULTS Individuals with hopelessness, compared to those without, were more likely to be older (p=0.005), females (p=0.01), to have a unipolar depressive disorder (p≤0.05), be prescribed antidepressants and psychotherapy in the past (p=0.001 and p≤0.05). Moreover, individuals with hopelessness scored higher on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (p≤0.05) and on the emotional (p=<0.001), physical abuse (p≤0.01) and physical neglect (p≤0.05) subscales of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short form, and reported more difficulties identifying (p≤0.001) and communicating feelings (p≤0.001) than those without hopelessness. The multivariate analysis showed that having difficulties identifying feelings is independently associated with hopelessness. DISCUSSION These findings indicate that individuals with difficulties identifying feelings are at higher risk of hopelessness and of negative outcomes. Further studies need to explore the impact of alexithymia on hopelessness and clinical outcomes in the lifetime illness course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Mood Disorders Program, Tufs Medical center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacopo Nebbia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pierre Alexis Geoffroy
- Departement de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, Hopital Bichat - Claude Bernard, F-75018 Paris, France; Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant Andrea Hospital, University of Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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15
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Roane SJ, Kapoor S, Sun S, Cramer RJ, Lamis DA. The interactive effect of the serotonin transporter genotype and drug use on suicidal behaviors in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 262:49-54. [PMID: 31707246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a public health crisis, accounting for more than 47,000 deaths in the United States annually. Individuals with Bipolar Disorder (BD) are at a disproportionately greater risk of suicidal behaviors. Prior studies indicate the significant role of genotype and drug use individually on suicidal behaviors. We hypothesized that, consistent with the gene X environment (GXE) framework, an interaction between serotonin receptor (5-HTTLPR) gene and drug use would influence suicidal behaviors in BD patients. METHODS One hundred and fifty BD patients at a public urban behavioral health clinic enrolled. The majority were females (n 104, 69.3%), between 19 and 65 years of age (M 39.5, SD= 10.9), African American (n 110, 73.3%), unemployed (78.7%, n 118) with 32% identifying as homeless (n 48). Measures of current mood symptoms, historic suicidal behaviors, and recent substance use were completed, and buccal swabs collected. A moderation analysis was employed for data analysis. RESULTS Suicidal behaviors were significantly associated with genotype X drug use interaction (B 0.41, 95%CI= [0.06, 0.77], p= .03) followed by gender (B = 1.92, 95%CI= [0.59, 3.25], p= .005), genotype (B= -1.93, 95%CI= [-3.49, -0.36], p= .02), and employment (B= -1.72, 95%CI= [-3.12, -0.31], p= .02). LIMITATIONS The relatively small sample size primarily comprised of an indigent urban population may limit generalizability. Drug use and suicide risk measures were self-reported and potentially influenced by social desirability bias. CONCLUSIONS The 5-HTTLPR plays a moderating role on the association between drug use-suicidal behaviors with a differential impact of short and long alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Roane
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, 10 Park Place SE, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shweta Kapoor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, United States
| | - Shufang Sun
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Alpert Medical School, United States
| | - Robert J Cramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, United States
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, 10 Park Place SE, Atlanta, GA, United States.
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16
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Del Casale A, Sorice S, Padovano A, Simmaco M, Ferracuti S, Lamis DA, Rapinesi C, Sani G, Girardi P, Kotzalidis GD, Pompili M. Psychopharmacological Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:710-736. [PMID: 30101713 PMCID: PMC7059159 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180813155017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with affective and cognitive symptoms causing personal distress and reduced global functioning. These have considerable societal costs due to healthcare service utilization. Objective: Our aim was to assess the efficacy of pharmacological interventions in OCD and clinical guidelines, providing a comprehensive overview of this field. Methods: We searched the PubMed database for papers dealing with drug treatment of OCD, with a specific focus on clinical guidelines, treatments with antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, off-label medications, and pharmacogenomics. Results: Prolonged administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is most effective. Better results can be obtained with a SSRI combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or the similarly oriented exposure and response prevention (ERP). Refractory OCD could be treated with different strategies, including a switch to another SSRI or clomipramine, or augmentation with an atypical antipsychotic. The addition of medications other than antipsychotics or intravenous antidepressant administration needs further investigation, as the evidence is inconsistent. Pharmacogenomics and personalization of therapy could reduce treatment resistance. Conclusions: SSRI/clomipramine in combination with CBT/ERP is associated with the optimal response compared to each treatment alone or to other treatments. New strategies for refractory OCD are needed. The role of pharmacogenomics could become preponderant in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Sorice
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Padovano
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
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17
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Napoli A, Lamis DA, Berardelli I, Canzonetta V, Sarubbi S, Rogante E, Napoli PL, Serafini G, Erbuto D, Tambelli R, Amore M, Pompili M. Anxiety, Prenatal Attachment, and Depressive Symptoms in Women with Diabetes in Pregnancy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17020425. [PMID: 31936358 PMCID: PMC7013564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between anxiety, prenatal attachment, and depressive symptoms among women with diabetes in pregnancy. Participants were 131 consecutive pregnant women between the ages of 20 and 45 with a diagnosis of gestational or pregestational type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Data on previous psychiatric symptoms were obtained from the Anamnestic and Social Questionnaire and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Information on prenatal attachment was collected using The Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI), and The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) assessed depressive symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy (at a mean of 25 weeks). Results demonstrated that in women affected by diabetes in pregnancy, two facets of prenatal attachment (anticipation, interaction) were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms, and a history of anxiety, assessed with the MINI, moderated the relation between the prenatal attachment interaction factor and depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Napoli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Dorian A. Lamis
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (D.A.L.); (I.B.); (V.C.); (P.-L.N.); (D.E.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (D.A.L.); (I.B.); (V.C.); (P.-L.N.); (D.E.)
| | - Valeria Canzonetta
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (D.A.L.); (I.B.); (V.C.); (P.-L.N.); (D.E.)
| | - Salvatore Sarubbi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Elena Rogante
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Pietro-Luca Napoli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (D.A.L.); (I.B.); (V.C.); (P.-L.N.); (D.E.)
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (D.A.L.); (I.B.); (V.C.); (P.-L.N.); (D.E.)
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (D.A.L.); (I.B.); (V.C.); (P.-L.N.); (D.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3377-5675; Fax: +39-06-3377-5342
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18
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Cramer RJ, Ireland JL, Long MM, Hartley V, Lamis DA. Initial Validation of the Suicide Competency Assessment Form among Behavioral Health Staff in the National Health Services Trust. Arch Suicide Res 2020; 24:S136-S149. [PMID: 31012807 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2019.1577194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The Suicide Competency Assessment Form (SCAF) provides a framework for suicide prevention skills training. This study assessed SCAF psychometric properties in a sample of behavioral health staff. A cross-sectional survey of National Health Services (NHS) staff from varying disciplines (N = 170) was conducted. The SCAF yielded a 1-factor structure with high internal consistency. Nursing assistants reported lower SCAF scores compared to other professionals. SCAF scores demonstrated positive associations with prior suicide prevention training, job enthusiasm, and several suicide/self-injury prevention outcome expectations (i.e., optimism working with self-harming patients and perceived ability to help self-harming patients). SCAF scores further demonstrated incremental validity in the form of multivariate model associations with suicide/self-injury prevention outcome expectations. Improved job satisfaction mediated the pathway from SCAF scores to perceived ability to help self-harming patients. The SCAF can be utilized in suicide prevention training and clinical supervision.
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Abstract
Youths in rural areas have approximately double the risk for suicide than do urban youth. This study analyzed data from 580 youth aged 10 to 17-years-old who endorsed lifetime suicidal ideation on intake at three large rural behavioral health centers. Results indicated that a five-factor model including older age, number of inpatient hospitalizations, gender (female), impaired legal functioning, and higher impulsivity accounted for the most variance in differentiation between ideators and attempters. These results advance our assessment of rural youth who may be at increased risk for a suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Andrea Florez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Josephine Au
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nova Morrisette
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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20
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Florez IA, LoParo D, Valentine N, Lamis DA. Early Identification of Youth at Risk for Suicidal Behavior. Crisis 2019; 40:326-332. [PMID: 30644775 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Early identification and appropriate referral services are priorities to prevent suicide. Aims: The aim of this study was to describe patterns of identification and referrals among three behavioral health centers and determine whether youth demographic factors and type of training received by providers were associated with identification and referral patterns. Method: The Early Identification Referral Forms were used to gather the data of interest among 820 youth aged 10-24 years who were screened for suicide risk (females = 53.8%). Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regressions were conducted to examine significant associations. Results: Significant associations between gender, race, and age and screening positive for suicide were found. Age and race were significantly associated with different patterns of referrals and/or services received by youths. For providers, being trained in Counseling on Access to Lethal Means was positively associated with number of referrals to inpatient services. Limitations: The correlational nature of the study and lack of information about suicide risk and comorbidity of psychiatric symptoms limit the implications of the findings. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of considering demographic factors when identifying and referring youth at risk to ensure standard yet culturally appropriate procedures to prevent suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Andrea Florez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Devon LoParo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nakia Valentine
- Georgia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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21
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LoParo D, Florez IA, Valentine N, Lamis DA. Associations of Suicide Prevention Trainings with Practices and Confidence among Clinicians at Community Mental Health Centers. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2019; 49:1148-1156. [PMID: 30073698 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined whether (1) behavioral health providers were more likely to implement best practices when they were more confident in their abilities, (2) number of suicide prevention trainings was positively associated with perceived confidence in abilities and implementation of evidence-based practices, and (3) specific trainings were more impactful than others on increasing providers' level of confidence and/or practices. METHOD Providers (N = 137) at three rural community behavioral health centers who had opportunities to attend multiple suicide prevention trainings completed the Zero Suicide Workforce Survey, a measure to evaluate staff knowledge, practices, and confidence in caring for patients at risk of suicide. RESULTS There was a moderate association between provider's practice and confidence. The number of attended trainings had a significant correlation with both practice and confidence. Particular trainings demonstrated differential effects on provider's practice and confidence. CONCLUSION These results suggest that behavioral health providers who are confident in their skills in assessing and treating suicide risk are more likely incorporate best practices into their clinical work. Also, it appears there is a small but significant benefit to multiple trainings for increasing both practice and confidence among providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon LoParo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ivonne Andrea Florez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nakia Valentine
- Georgia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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22
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Balsamo M, Innamorati M, Lamis DA. Editorial: Clinical Psychometrics: Old Issues and New Perspectives. Front Psychol 2019; 10:947. [PMID: 31133922 PMCID: PMC6514229 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Balsamo
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Territorial Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Science, Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A. Lamis
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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23
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Lamis DA, Kapoor S, Evans APB. Childhood Sexual Abuse and Suicidal Ideation Among Bipolar Patients: Existential But Not Religious Well-Being as a Protective Factor. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2019; 49:401-412. [PMID: 29430741 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) are at an increased risk of Suicidal ideation, attempts, and death. Moreover, a strong association exists between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and suicidal ideation among individuals with BD. Yet growing evidence suggests that existential well-being (EWB) may be a protective factor against suicidality. In this study, adult BD patients (N = 112) provided data on CSA, religious well-being (RWB; spiritual life in relation to God), EWB (purpose/meaning in life), and suicidal ideation. Participants were between 19 and 65 years of age. The majority was female and described their race/ethnicity as African American. Results indicated that CSA was negatively associated with EWB and was not related to RWB. Further, EWB mediated the association between CSA and suicidal ideation, whereas RWB did not. Having meaning/purpose in life may serve as a protective factor against suicidal ideation among individuals with BD who experienced CSA, whereas having a relationship/belief in God may not serve the same function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shweta Kapoor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amanda P B Evans
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Pompili M, Giordano G, Luciano M, Lamis DA, Del Vecchio V, Serafini G, Sampogna G, Erbuto D, Falkai P, Fiorillo A. Unmet Needs in Schizophrenia. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 16:870-884. [PMID: 28782490 DOI: 10.2174/1871527316666170803143927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder that represents a challenge for all clinicians. Although treatment must address both positive and negative symptoms, several authors have reported the importance of managing unmet needs among patients with schizophrenia. Unmet needs in schizophrenia include difficulties at various clinical, psychosocial, relational, economic, and occupational levels. An important unmet need is represented by insight into the illness that is associated with treatment adherence and compliance with medical prescriptions. CONCLUSION In order to improve our understanding and management of schizophrenia, it is critically important to address the complexity of needs among patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Giordano
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Valeria Del Vecchio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Rogante E, Sarubbi S, Lamis DA, Canzonetta V, Sparagna A, De Angelis V, Erbuto D, Martelletti P, Pompili M. Illness Perception and Job Satisfaction in Patients Suffering from Migraine Headaches: Trait Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms as Potential Mediators. Headache 2018; 59:46-55. [PMID: 30548860 DOI: 10.1111/head.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Migraine headache is the seventh leading cause of disability worldwide causing adverse outcomes in many aspects of an individual's life. Many psychological aspects affect chronic migraine (CM): illness perception, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and job satisfaction. This observational study aimed to examine the association among illness perception, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and job satisfaction, connected to migraine and its features. METHODS Ninety-eight individuals with CM treated with OnabotulinumtoxinA were recruited from the Regional Referral Headache Centre of Sant'Andrea Hospital in Rome. They completed 4 questionnaires (Brief Illness Perception Quality of Life, Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II) and a socio-anamnestic form. RESULTS This cross-sectional study examined 2 mediational models. The first one demonstrated an indirect mediating effect of trait anxiety on the association between illness perception and job satisfaction (ab = -0.217, 95% CI [-0.37, -0.09]). In the second model, depressive symptoms mediated the association between illness perception and job satisfaction (ab = -0.186, 95% CI [-0.33, -0.04]). CONCLUSIONS In our study, levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms showed a mediational effect on the association between illness perception and job fulfillment. It is important to develop interventions aimed at improving the quality of life of individuals with CM and to increase knowledge about headache and psychological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rogante
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Valeria Canzonetta
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Sparagna
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio De Angelis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Martelletti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Imperatori C, Innamorati M, Lamis DA, Farina B, Fabbricatore M, Contardi A. Body uneasiness is associated with food addiction symptoms: A cross-sectional study. Eur Eat Disorders Rev 2018; 26:638-644. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.2640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Sciences; European University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Dorian A. Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Benedetto Farina
- Department of Human Sciences; European University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | | | - Anna Contardi
- Department of Human Sciences; European University of Rome; Rome Italy
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Sun L, Zhang J, Lamis DA. Features for medically serious suicide attempters who do not have a strong intent to die: a cross-sectional study in rural China. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e023991. [PMID: 30206093 PMCID: PMC6144317 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have implied that there were many Chinese suicide attempters who did not want to die by suicide. In the current study, we explored the factors which were associated with low levels of suicide intent. We also examined features for medically serious suicide attempters who do not have a strong intent to die in rural china. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The interviews occurred between May 2012 and July 2013 in 13 rural counties in Shandong and Hunan provinces, China. PARTICIPANTS Subjects were 791 medically serious suicide attempters whose injury and wounds were so serious they required hospitalisation or immediate medical care. RESULTS The results supported that less years of education (β=-0.11, p=0.037), religious beliefs (β=1.20, p=0.005), living alone (β=1.92, p=0.017), negative life events (β=0.29, p=0.003), low levels of impulsivity (β=-0.10, p=0.013) and mental disorders (β=2.82, p<0.001) were associated with higher levels of suicide intent. CONCLUSION Results imply that there are some medically serious suicide attempters with a higher education and/or exhibit impulsivity who do not want to die by suicide. These findings can inform practice to prevent suicide in rural China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- Center for Suicide Prevention Research, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission of China, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Center for Suicide Prevention Research, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Sociology, State University of New York Buffalo State, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Belteczki Z, Rihmer Z, Ujvari J, Lamis DA, Dome P. Differences in clinical characteristics between bipolar patients with current psychotic symptoms and those who have never been psychotic. Psychiatr Danub 2018; 30:183-188. [PMID: 29930228 DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2018.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotic symptoms are common in bipolar disorder (BD). Data suggest that BD patients with or without psychotic symptoms may differ from each other with regards to some clinical features of BD (e.g., age at onset, suicidality, psychiatric comorbidity, number of hospitalizations). However, the literature in this area is relatively scarce and not always conclusive. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to investigate whether the presence of psychotic symptoms is associated with clinical characteristics of patients with BD. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We enrolled 365 hospitalized patients who were diagnosed with BD according to the ICD-10 criteria. After we excluded 196 patients without current psychotic symptoms but psychotic mood episodes in their medical history, our final sample consisted of 169 patients (i.e., 89 BD patients presenting with current psychotic symptoms and 80 BD patients who were hospitalized in the same period, but who did not have psychotic symptoms either currently or during their previous hospitalizations). Clinically available data were collected, systematized and statistically processed according to the aims of the study. RESULTS Early age of onset, bipolar-I diagnosis, comorbid personality disorder, number of hospitalizations and suicidality were significantly more common in the psychotic group compared to the never-psychotic group. On the contrary, sedative/hypnotics dependence was more frequent in the never-psychotic group. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the notion that the presence of psychotic symptoms in the context of BD may be associated with various other clinical features of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Belteczki
- Santha Kalman Psychiatric Hospital, Szabadsag ter 13, 4320, Nagykallo, Hungary,
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Forte A, Trobia F, Gualtieri F, Lamis DA, Cardamone G, Giallonardo V, Fiorillo A, Girardi P, Pompili M. Suicide Risk among Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities: A Literature Overview. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E1438. [PMID: 29986547 PMCID: PMC6068754 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that immigrants and ethnic minorities may be at higher risk of suicidal behaviour as compared to the general population. We conducted a literature search to identify studies in English from 1980 to 2017 related to suicide risk among immigrants and ethnic minorities. Six hundred and seventy-eight reports were screened, and 43 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis of the review. Some studies reported lower rates of suicide attempts, while other findings suggested higher rates of suicidal behaviour and deaths among immigrants as compared to the native population. Also, a positive correlation was found between suicidal behaviour and specific countries of origin. Non-European immigrant women were at the highest risk for suicide attempts, a group which included young women of South Asian and black African origin. Risk factors among migrants and ethnic minorities were found to be: language barriers, worrying about family back home, and separation from family. The lack of information on health care system, loss of status, loss of social network, and acculturation were identified as possible triggers for suicidal behaviour. Overall, results suggest that specific migrant populations and ethnic minorities present a higher risk of suicidal behaviour than native populations, as well as a higher risk of death by suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Forte
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
| | - Federico Trobia
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Gualtieri
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Giuseppe Cardamone
- Psychiatric Department, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Giallonardo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
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Belteczki Z, Rihmer Z, Ujvari J, A. Lamis D, Dome P. DIFFERENCES IN CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN BIPOLAR PATIENTS WITH CURRENT PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS AND THOSE WHO HAVE NEVER BEEN PSYCHOTIC. Psychiat Danub 2018. [DOI: 10.24869/spsih.2018.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lamis DA, Innamorati M, Erbuto D, Berardelli I, Montebovi F, Serafini G, Amore M, Krakow B, Girardi P, Pompili M. Nightmares and suicide risk in psychiatric patients: The roles of hopelessness and male depressive symptoms. Psychiatry Res 2018; 264:20-25. [PMID: 29626827 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although nightmares have been shown to increase the risk for suicide, less is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. In order to address this gap and guided by the hopelessness theory of suicide risk, we examined hopelessness and male depressive symptoms as risk factors for suicide while considering the frequency of and impairment due to nightmares. Data were collected from 172 psychiatrically hospitalized, adult patients (91 women, 81 men) with an average age of 39.15 (SD = 13.48) years. Patients were administered self-report measures of nightmare frequency/impairment, hopelessness, and male depressive symptoms, as well as undergoing a fully structured diagnostic clinical interview to determine diagnoses and suicide risk. Compared to patients with yearly or no nightmares, those with monthly or weekly nightmares reported nightmares reported higher levels of hopelessness, male depressive symptoms, and suicide risk. Male depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relation between hopelessness and suicide risk in patients who reported monthly to weekly nightmares, but not in those who reported yearly or no nightmares. Moreover, impairment due to nightmares was significantly and positively associated with male depression, but not hopelessness or suicide risk. The results also provide evidence and further understanding about possible mechanisms of emerging suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Montebovi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barry Krakow
- Sleep & Human Health Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Maimonides Sleep Arts & Sciences, Ltd., Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Pompili M, Orsolini L, Lamis DA, Goldsmith DR, Nardella A, Falcone G, Corigliano V, Luciano M, Fiorillo A. Suicide Prevention in Schizophrenia: Do Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics (LAIs) have a Role? CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2018; 16:454-462. [PMID: 28240189 DOI: 10.2174/1871527316666170223163629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Suicide risk is a major cause of death among patients with schizophrenia. Death by suicide has been reported in approximately 5% of schizophrenia patients although this figure appears to be an underestimate of the problem. A number of risk factors are routinely reported as associated with suicide risk among these patients, some of which are modifiable by targeted therapeutic strategies. Clozapine is the only compound that gathered evidence as an effective treatment for reducing suicide risk in schizophrenia. Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics (LAIs) have a range of advantages in terms of efficacy, safety and tolerability in the treatment of schizophrenia, and one area of interest is whether LAI-treatment may decrease suicidality by indirectly acting on a range of risk factors for suicide specific to schizophrenia patients. This background encouraged the present review of research pertaining to LAIs in relation to modifiable risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia. We viewed our task as gathering, speculating and critically appraising the available research relevant to the topic, with the aim of formulating a hypothesis to be tested with further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Orsolini
- University of Hertfordshire, Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, United Kingdom
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - David R Goldsmith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Adele Nardella
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Falcone
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Corigliano
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
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Comparelli A, Corigliano V, Lamis DA, De Carolis A, Stampatore L, De Pisa E, Girardi P, Pompili M. Positive symptoms and social cognition impairment affect severity of suicidal ideation in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 193:470-471. [PMID: 28712966 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Comparelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Via di Grottarossa 1035-39, 00198 Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Corigliano
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Via di Grottarossa 1035-39, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Grady Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Antonella De Carolis
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Neurology, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Via di Grottarossa 1035-39, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stampatore
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Via di Grottarossa 1035-39, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora De Pisa
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Via di Grottarossa 1035-39, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Via di Grottarossa 1035-39, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Via di Grottarossa 1035-39, 00198 Rome, Italy
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Berardelli I, Bloise MC, Bologna M, Conte A, Pompili M, Lamis DA, Pasquini M, Fabbrini G. Cognitive behavioral group therapy versus psychoeducational intervention in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:399-405. [PMID: 29416341 PMCID: PMC5790090 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s152221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether cognitive behavioral group therapy has a positive impact on psychiatric, and motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS We assigned 20 PD patients with a diagnosis of psychiatric disorder to either a 12-week cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group or a psychoeducational protocol. For the neurological examination, we administered the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and the non-motor symptoms scale. The severity of psychiatric symptoms was assessed by means of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and the Clinical Global Impressions. RESULTS Cognitive behavioral group therapy was effective in treating depression and anxiety symptoms as well as reducing the severity of non-motor symptoms in PD patients; whereas, no changes were observed in PD patients treated with the psychoeducational protocol. CONCLUSION CBT offered in a group format should be considered in addition to standard drug therapy in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | | | - Matteo Bologna
- Department Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome.,Neuromed Institute (IRCCS), Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Antonella Conte
- Department Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome.,Neuromed Institute (IRCCS), Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Massimo Pasquini
- Department Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Giovanni Fabbrini
- Department Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome.,Neuromed Institute (IRCCS), Pozzilli (IS), Italy
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Pompili M, Baldessarini RJ, Innamorati M, Vázquez GH, Rihmer Z, Gonda X, Forte A, Lamis DA, Erbuto D, Serafini G, Fiorillo A, Amore M, Girardi P. Temperaments in psychotic and major affective disorders. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:195-200. [PMID: 28837953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of affective temperaments with the extensively validated, 110-item TEMPS-A autoquestionnaire has been used to characterize patients with mood disorders, and its scores have been associated consistently with suicidal behavior. Much less has been reported about comparisons of characteristics of such assessments in psychotic and other psychiatric disorders. METHODS We analyzed results of TEMPS-A assessments in 1081 psychiatrically hospitalized patients in Rome and compared subscale scores (anxious [anx], cyclothymic [cyc], depressive [dep], irritable [irr], hyperthymic [hyp]) and a composite score (anx+cyc+dep+irr - hyp) among diagnoses and subjects with vs. without a suicide attempt. RESULTS TEMPS-A subscale scores differed significantly among diagnoses and were higher with major affective than psychotic or other disorders. Suicide attempts were 1.5-times more frequent among women than men and with affective versus nonaffective disorders, ranking: bipolar-II > major depression > bipolar-I > other disorders > psychotic disorders. TEMPS-A subscores were significantly higher among suicidal subjects (ranking: anx ≥ cyc ≥ dep > irr) except hyp (lower), but the composite score differed most (1.37-fold higher). Multivariable logistic regression modeling indicated that suicide attempt was significantly and independently associated with: TEMPS-A composite score > female sex > affective disorder > older age. CONCLUSIONS TEMPS-A scores, particularly a composite score (anx+cyc+dep+irr - hyp) may help effectively evaluate suicidal risk in association with nonaffective as well as affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
| | - Ross J Baldessarini
- International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gustavo H Vázquez
- International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zoltan Rihmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kútvölgyi Clinical Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Laboratory of Suicide Prevention and Research, National Institute for Psychiatry and Addictology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - Xenia Gonda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kútvölgyi Clinical Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Laboratory of Suicide Prevention and Research, National Institute for Psychiatry and Addictology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Hungary; MTA-SE Neurochemistry and Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alberto Forte
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Erbuto D, Innamorati M, Lamis DA, Berardelli I, Forte A, De Pisa E, Migliorati M, Serafini G, Gonda X, Rihmer Z, Fiorillo A, Amore M, Girardi P, Pompili M. Mediators in the Association Between Affective Temperaments and Suicide Risk Among Psychiatric Inpatients. Psychiatry 2018; 81:240-257. [PMID: 30183526 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2018.1480251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective temperaments have been shown to be related to psychiatric disorders and suicidal behaviors. Less is known about the potential contributory role of affective temperaments on suicide risk factors. In the present study, we investigated whether the effect of affective temperaments on suicide risk was mediated by other variables, such as hopelessness, mentalization deficits, dissociation, psychological pain, and depressive symptoms. METHODS Several assessment instruments, including the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI); the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A); the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS); the Gotland Male Depression Scale (GMDS); the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES); the Psychological Pain Assessment Scale (PPAS); and the Mentalization Questionnaire (MZQ), were administered to 189 psychiatrically hospitalized patients (103 women, 86 men) in Rome, Italy. RESULTS In single-mediator models, hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and mentalization, but not psychological pain or dissociation, were significant mediators in the association between prevalent temperament and suicide risk. In a multiple-mediator model, a significant indirect effect was found only for depression. Results demonstrated that patients with negative temperaments reported higher suicide risk, psychological pain, hopelessness, and depression, and less mentalization than patients with no prevalent temperament or hyperthymic temperaments. CONCLUSIONS Hopelessness, depression, and mentalization are all factors that mediate the relation between affective temperaments and suicide risk. Identifying factors that mediate the effects of affective temperamental makeup on suicide risk should enhance screening and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Erbuto
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- b Department of Human Sciences , European University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- c Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Isabella Berardelli
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Alberto Forte
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Eleonora De Pisa
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Monica Migliorati
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- d Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Infant-Maternal Science , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Xenia Gonda
- e Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kútvölgyi Clinical Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,f Laboratory of Suicide Prevention and Research, National Institute for Psychiatry and Addictology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,g MTA-SE Neurochemistry and Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Zoltan Rihmer
- e Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kútvölgyi Clinical Center , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,f Laboratory of Suicide Prevention and Research, National Institute for Psychiatry and Addictology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- h Department of Psychiatry , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli ," Naples , Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- d Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Infant-Maternal Science , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
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Falcone G, Nardella A, Lamis DA, Erbuto D, Girardi P, Pompili M. Taking care of suicidal patients with new technologies and reaching-out means in the post-discharge period. World J Psychiatry 2017; 7:163-176. [PMID: 29043154 PMCID: PMC5632601 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v7.i3.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicide is a global public health problem with over one million people dying by suicide each year worldwide. Research efforts have focused on developing and testing novel suicide prevention strategies employing recent technological advances. In order to provide a review regarding the role of new technologies (e.g., postcards/letters, text messages, crisis cards, telephone contacts, online interventions) in suicide prevention, we searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and Crisis to identify all papers in English from 1977 to 2016. Our results indicated that brief contact interventions show promise in reducing the number of episodes of repeated self-harm and/or suicide attempts following discharge from the Emergency Department or psychiatric units. Innovative methods of contact (e.g., text messages) are easily implemented by clinicians and received by patients in the period of post discharge and have been shown to be beneficial. However, more research employing randomized clinical trials investigating the potential benefits of these novel suicide prevention methods is warranted. Future researchers should continue improving and testing new technologies in the prevention of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Falcone
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Nardella
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
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Zhang H, Watson-Singleton NN, Pollard SE, Pittman DM, Lamis DA, Fischer NL, Patterson B, Kaslow NJ. Self-Criticism and Depressive Symptoms: Mediating Role of Self-Compassion. Omega (Westport) 2017; 80:202-223. [PMID: 28886675 DOI: 10.1177/0030222817729609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Self-compassion is gaining recognition as a resilience factor with implications for positive mental health. This study investigated the role of self-compassion in alleviating the effect of self-criticism on depressive symptoms. Participants were 147 urban, low-income African Americans with a recent suicide attempt. They were administered measures of self-criticism, depressive symptoms, and self-compassion. Results from this cross-sectional investigation showed that self-criticism was positively associated with depressive symptoms and negatively associated with self-compassion, and self-compassion was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Bootstrapping analysis revealed that self-compassion mediated the self-criticism-depressive symptoms link, suggesting that self-compassion ameliorates the negative impact of self-criticism on depressive symptoms. Our findings suggest that low-income African Americans with recent suicide attempt histories may benefit from interventions that focus on enhancing self-compassion. These results also highlight self-compassion as a positive trait with promise to improve people's quality of life and suggest that self-compassion-focused interventions are consistent with a positive psychology framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Zhang
- 1 School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Sara E Pollard
- 3 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Pompili M, Innamorati M, Forte A, Erbuto D, Lamis DA, Narcisi A, Rea C, Orsini D, D'Arino A, Arcese A, Bellini S, Trovarelli S, Serafini G, Amore M, Costanzo A, Girardi P. Psychiatric comorbidity and suicidal ideation in psoriasis, melanoma and allergic disorders. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2017; 21:209-214. [PMID: 28326880 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2017.1301482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychiatric disorders and suicide risk (especially in psoriasis) are frequent and disabling conditions in patients with skin diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the risk of suicide and stressful life events in a sample of patients with skin disease. METHODS A sample of 242 dermatological patients (142 women and 100 men), 112 of which had psoriasis, 77 had melanoma, and 53 were suffering with chronic allergic diseases. Patients were administered the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Patients were also asked about their experiences with stressful life events. RESULTS Patients with psoriasis were more likely to have a history of psychiatric disorders (36.6% vs. 13.2% χ2(1) = 9.55; p = 0.002) compared to patients with allergies. Specifically, patients with psoriasis more likely had a diagnosis of a mood disorder (16.1% vs. 3.9% χ2(1) = 6.85; p = 0.009; 16.1% vs. 0% χ2(1) = 9.56; p = 0.002) and reported past suicidal ideation (33.9% vs. 15.6% χ2(1) = 7.89; p = 0.005; 33.9% vs. 18.9% χ2(1) = 3.96; p = 0.047) as compared to those with melanoma and allergy. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study suggest that patients affected by psoriasis have an increased risk of psychiatric comorbidities and suicidal ideation compared to those who have other dermatological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pompili
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- b Department of Human Sciences , European University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Alberto Forte
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Denise Erbuto
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- c Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Alessandra Narcisi
- d Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Claudia Rea
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Diego Orsini
- d Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea D'Arino
- d Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Annalisa Arcese
- d Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Samantha Bellini
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Sara Trovarelli
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- e Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry , University of Genova , Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- e Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry , University of Genova , Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Costanzo
- f Dermatology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences , Humanitas University , Rozzano-Milan , Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- a Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs , Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
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Ford J, Klibert JJ, Tarantino N, Lamis DA. Savouring and Self-compassion as Protective Factors for Depression. Stress Health 2017; 33:119-128. [PMID: 27247114 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Within positive psychology, researchers and clinicians vocalize the need to expand upon how the treatment for major depressive disorder is conceptualized and implemented. The impetus of the current study was to examine preliminary criteria for identifying savouring and self-compassion as protective factors for depression. Undergraduate students (N = 133) completed a series of surveys at two points in time, 5 weeks apart. Results revealed that savouring and self-compassion were inversely related to depression scores cross-sectionally and prospectively. However, savouring was the only positive psychological variable to predict changes in depression scores across time. Cross-sectionally, savouring was also found to moderate the relation between negative life events and depression, such that the strength of the relation between negative life events and depression decreased when higher savouring was present. However, this same effect was not significant prospectively. There was no evidence, cross-sectionally or prospectively, that self-compassion moderated the relation between negative life events and depression. Taken together, results provide preliminary support for savouring as a protective factor for depressive symptoms. Mental health professionals should consider teaching savouring strategies to help at-risk clients stimulate and sustain positive affect as a means of preventing and reducing depressive symptoms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Ford
- Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Klibert
- Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
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Anastasiades MH, Kapoor S, Wootten J, Lamis DA. Perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation in undergraduate women with varying levels of mindfulness. Arch Womens Ment Health 2017; 20:129-138. [PMID: 27778150 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that perceived stress and depression are risk factors for suicidal ideation in young adults, particularly women attending college. Female undergraduate students (N = 928) were administered measures assessing their levels of stress, depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts, and mindfulness. A moderated-mediation analysis was conducted to examine the complex associations among these variables. Results indicated that mindfulness moderated the mediated effect of depressive symptoms on perceived stress and suicidal ideation. Specifically, the indirect effect was stronger in college women with lower levels of mindfulness as compared to those students who reported higher mindfulness. Thus, teaching mindfulness techniques on college campuses may be an important strategy for preventing suicide, especially among young adult women experiencing stress and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shweta Kapoor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Memorial Hospital, 10 Park Place SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Jennifer Wootten
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Memorial Hospital, 10 Park Place SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Memorial Hospital, 10 Park Place SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identify suicidal ideation and behavior screening instruments with the strongest psychometric properties, using the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behavior. METHODS Information databases PsycINFO and PubMed were systematically searched, and articles evaluating the psychometric properties of instruments assessing suicidal ideation and behavior ( n = 2,238) were reviewed. International populations and articles with diverse methodologies were integrated. RESULTS Review of records resulted in the inclusion of 51 articles that assessed 16 instruments. The majority of studies used the English language version (68.6%) and included U.S. populations (65.7%). However, global populations and non-English language versions were also represented. CONCLUSION More diverse population representation, and non-English versions of instruments, is required to improve generalizability of assessment measures. Including underrepresented groups and non-English instruments will promote culturally and linguistically sensitive instruments that may better assess suicide risk in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kreuze
- 1 Medical University of South Carolina, College of Nursing, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Innamorati M, Imperatori C, Harnic D, Erbuto D, Patitucci E, Janiri L, Lamis DA, Pompili M, Tamburello S, Fabbricatore M. Emotion Regulation and Mentalization in People at Risk for Food Addiction. Behav Med 2017; 43:21-30. [PMID: 25909436 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1036831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Researchers investigated the association among food addiction, difficulties in emotion regulation, and mentalization deficits in a sample of 322 Italian adults from the general population. All participants were administered the Italian versions of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (I-YFAS), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Mentalization Questionnaire, the Binge Eating Scale, and the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test. Of respondents, 7.1% reported high food-addiction symptoms (ie, 3 or more symptoms of food addiction on the I-YFAS). In bivariate analyses, high food-addiction symptoms were associated with more difficulties in emotion regulation and mentalization deficits. In the multivariate analysis, high food-addiction symptoms remained independently associated with mentalization deficits, but not with difficulties in emotion regulation. Our data suggest that mentalization may play an important role in food addiction by making it difficult for an individual to understand his or her own inner mental states as well as the mental states of others, especially when powerful emotions arise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Désirée Harnic
- b Psychiatric Day Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Policlinico Gemelli
| | - Denise Erbuto
- c Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome
| | | | - Luigi Janiri
- b Psychiatric Day Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Policlinico Gemelli
| | | | - Maurizio Pompili
- c Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome
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Serafini G, Pompili M, Romano A, Erbuto D, Lamis DA, Moraschi M, Rossi-Espagnet MC, Amore M, Girardi P, Bozzao A. Neural Correlates in Patients with Major Affective Disorders: An fMRI Study. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2017; 16:907-914. [PMID: 28782489 DOI: 10.2174/1871527316666170803143006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Brain areas of functional activation during emotional stimuli and their correlations with affective temperaments evaluated using Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A) and hopelessness levels assessed with the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) have been investigated. METHOD Brain activity in response to emotional stimuli was examined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (NMR BOLD) signal. Seventeen subjects (mean age ± SD = 57 ± 12), diagnosed with major affective disorders and eighteen healthy controls (HC) (mean age ± SD = 50±11) participated in this study. Higher functional activation of the left amygdala and cingulated gyrus was found in subjects with affective disorders; whereas, the right amygdala was mostly activated in the HC group. Higher BHS scores were associated with reduced BOLD activation throughout the primary somatosensorial cortex and left post-central gyrus. CONCLUSION Conversely, increased BOLD activation throughout the parietal superior lobule and right anterior intraperietal sulcus, occipital cortex, and left optical radiation, right insular cortex, right frontal superior gyrus was correlated with higher BHS total scores. Future studies should investigate the nature of the associations among brain activation, suicide risk, and affective temperaments in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Neuroradiology, S. Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Marta Moraschi
- Centro Fermi, Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi - Rome Italy
| | | | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bozzao
- Department of Neuroradiology, S. Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Pompili M, Innamorati M, Trovarelli S, Narcisi A, Bellini S, Orsini D, Forte A, Erbuto D, Botti E, Lamis DA, Girardi P, Costanzo A. Suicide risk and psychiatric comorbidity in patients with psoriasis. J Int Med Res 2016; 44:61-66. [PMID: 27683142 PMCID: PMC5536523 DOI: 10.1177/0300060515593253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine the occurrence of stressful life events, psychological comorbidity and suicide risk in patients with psoriasis or other dermatological conditions. Methods Consecutive adult outpatients with psoriasis or other dermatological conditions completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Hamilton scales for depression and anxiety. Results The study included 157 patients (91 with psoriasis; 66 with other conditions [melanoma; allergy]). Patients with psoriasis were significantly more likely to have experienced major life events in the 12 months before diagnosis, have had a psychiatric diagnosis and to have experienced past suicidal ideation than patients with other dermatological conditions. Conclusions Patients with psoriasis have an increased risk of psychiatric comorbidities, suicidal ideation, and long-term course of the disease compared with patients who have other dermatological conditions. Psychiatric assessment is highly recommended in patients with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, S.Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Trovarelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, S.Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Narcisi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Samantha Bellini
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, S.Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Orsini
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Forte
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, S.Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Botti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, S.Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Costanzo
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
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Imperatori C, Fabbricatore M, Innamorati M, Farina B, Quintiliani MI, Lamis DA, Mazzucchi E, Contardi A, Vollono C, Della Marca G. Modification of EEG functional connectivity and EEG power spectra in overweight and obese patients with food addiction: An eLORETA study. Brain Imaging Behav 2016; 9:703-16. [PMID: 25332109 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-014-9324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the modifications of electroencephalographic (EEG) power spectra and EEG connectivity in overweight and obese patients with elevated food addiction (FA) symptoms. Fourteen overweight and obese patients (3 men and 11 women) with three or more FA symptoms and fourteen overweight and obese patients (3 men and 11 women) with two or less FA symptoms were included in the study. EEG was recorded during three different conditions: 1) five minutes resting state (RS), 2) five minutes resting state after a single taste of a chocolate milkshake (ML-RS), and 3) five minutes resting state after a single taste of control neutral solution (N-RS). EEG analyses were conducted by means of the exact Low Resolution Electric Tomography software (eLORETA). Significant modification was observed only in the ML-RS condition. Compared to controls, patients with three or more FA symptoms showed an increase of delta power in the right middle frontal gyrus (Brodmann Area [BA] 8) and in the right precentral gyrus (BA 9), and theta power in the right insula (BA 13) and in the right inferior frontal gyrus (BA 47). Furthermore, compared to controls, patients with three or more FA symptoms showed an increase of functional connectivity in fronto-parietal areas in both the theta and alpha band. The increase of functional connectivity was also positively associated with the number of FA symptoms. Taken together, our results show that FA has similar neurophysiological correlates of other forms of substance-related and addictive disorders suggesting similar psychopathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Imperatori
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetto Farina
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Isabella Quintiliani
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163, Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Anna Contardi
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gatekeeper suicide prevention programs train staff to increase the identification and referral of suicidal individuals to the appropriate resources. AIMS We evaluated Act on FACTS: Making Educators Partners in Youth Suicide Prevention (MEP), which is an online training program designed to enhance the knowledge of suicide risk factors and warning signs as well as improve participants' attitudes and self-efficacy/confidence. METHOD School personnel (N = 700) completed a survey administered before and immediately after the training to assess gains in training outcomes and to evaluate participants' satisfaction with the training. RESULTS Results indicated that MEP participants demonstrated significant increases in suicide knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy. Moreover, exploratory analyses revealed moderating effects of professional role on pre-/posttest changes in self-efficacy, but not suicide knowledge or attitudes. Specifically, guidance counselors demonstrated significantly smaller increases in self-efficacy/confidence compared with teachers and classroom aids, whereas teachers demonstrated significantly larger increases in self-efficacy/confidence compared with administrators. The majority of school personnel who completed the MEP program were satisfied with the training content and experience. CONCLUSION Although the current findings are promising, more rigorous evaluations employing randomized controlled research designs are warranted to adequately determine the effectiveness of the MEP program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian A Lamis
- 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Nicole D'Amore
- 2 Society for the Prevention of Teen Suicide, Freehold, NJ, USA
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Imperatori C, Innamorati M, Lamis DA, Farina B, Pompili M, Contardi A, Fabbricatore M. Childhood trauma in obese and overweight women with food addiction and clinical-level of binge eating. Child Abuse Negl 2016; 58:180-190. [PMID: 27442689 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Childhood trauma (CT) is considered a major risk factor for several disorders as well as for the development of eating psychopathology and adult obesity. The main aims of the present study were to assess in overweight and obese women: (i) the independent association between CT and food addiction (FA), and (ii) CT in patients with both FA and clinical-level of binge eating (BE), versus patients who only engage in FA or BE. Participants were 301 overweight and obese women seeking low-energy-diet therapy. All of the patients were administered self-report measures investigating FA, BE, CT, anxiety and depressive symptoms. CT severity was moderately and positively associated with both FA (r=0.37; p<0.001) and BE (r=0.36; p<0.001) severity. The association between FA and CT remained significant after controlling for potential confounding variables. Furthermore, compared to patients without dysfunctional eating patterns, the co-occurrence of FA and BE was associated with more severe CT as well as with more severe psychopathology (i.e., anxiety and depressive symptoms) and higher BMI. Our results suggest that clinicians should carefully assess the presence of CT in individuals who report dysfunctional eating patterns in order to develop treatment approaches specifically for obese and overweight patients with a history of CT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Lamis DA, Cavanaugh CE, Anastasiades MH, Garcia-Williams A, Anderson C, Kaslow NJ. Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion Mediates the Childhood Sexual Abuse–Suicidal Ideation Link Among African American Women. Journal of Black Psychology 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0095798416644885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and intimate partner violence are significant risk factors for suicidal ideation among women. The purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationships among these three constructs and test if intimate partner sexual coercion may explain the CSA–suicidal ideation link. African American women ( N = 141) completed an assessment of childhood trauma, intimate partner sexual coercion, and suicide ideation. A significant positive correlation was found between CSA and sexual coercion, between CSA and suicidal ideation, and between sexual coercion and suicidal ideation. Also, intimate partner sexual coercion was found to mediate the relationship between CSA and suicidal ideation when controlling for covariates such as spiritual well-being, self-esteem, and barriers to services. The association between CSA and suicidal ideation may be explained by sexual revictimization in the context of an intimate relationship among African American women. Clinically, practitioners should engage in regular screening for suicide ideation among African American women who have experienced CSA and intimate partner sexual coercion.
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Kreuze E, Jenkins C, Gregoski M, York J, Mueller M, Lamis DA, Ruggiero KJ. Technology-enhanced suicide prevention interventions: A systematic review. J Telemed Telecare 2016; 23:605-617. [DOI: 10.1177/1357633x16657928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Suicide prevention is a high priority. Scalable and sustainable interventions for suicide prevention are needed to set the stage for population-level impact. This systematic review explores how technology-enhanced interventions target suicide risk and protective factors, using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2015) Risk and Protective Factors Ecological Model. Methods Information databases (PsycINFO, PubMed and CINAHL) were systematically searched and records including technology-enhanced interventions for suicide prevention ( n = 3764) were reviewed. Records with varying technologies and diverse methodologies were integrated into the search. Results Review of the records resulted in the inclusion of 16 studies that utilized technology-enhanced interventions to address determinants of suicidal behaviour. This includes the use of standalone or, in most cases, adjunct technology-enhanced interventions for suicide prevention delivered by mobile phone application, text message, telephone, computer, web, CD-ROM and video. Conclusion Intervention effectiveness was variable, but several technology-enhanced interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing suicidal ideation and mental health co-morbidities. Large-scale research and evaluation initiatives are needed to evaluate the costs and long-term population-level impact of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolyn Jenkins
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Mathew Gregoski
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Martina Mueller
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kenneth J Ruggiero
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, USA
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