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Burnie L, Chockalingam N, Holder A, Claypole T, Kilduff L, Bezodis N. Testing protocols and measurement techniques when using pressure sensors for sport and health applications: A comparative review. Foot (Edinb) 2024; 59:102094. [PMID: 38579518 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2024.102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Plantar pressure measurement systems are routinely used in sports and health applications to assess locomotion. The purpose of this review is to describe and critically discuss: (a) applications of the pressure measurement systems in sport and healthcare, (b) testing protocols and considerations for clinical gait analysis, (c) clinical recommendations for interpreting plantar pressure data, (d) calibration procedures and their accuracy, and (e) the future of pressure sensor data analysis. Rigid pressure platforms are typically used to measure plantar pressures for the assessment of foot function during standing and walking, particularly when barefoot, and are the most accurate for measuring plantar pressures. For reliable data, two step protocol prior to contacting the pressure plate is recommended. In-shoe systems are most suitable for measuring plantar pressures in the field during daily living or dynamic sporting movements as they are often wireless and can measure multiple steps. They are the most suitable equipment to assess the effects of footwear and orthotics on plantar pressures. However, they typically have lower spatial resolution and sampling frequency than platform systems. Users of pressure measurement systems need to consider the suitability of the calibration procedures for their chosen application when selecting and using a pressure measurement system. For some applications, a bespoke calibration procedure is required to improve validity and reliability of the pressure measurement system. The testing machines that are commonly used for dynamic calibration of pressure measurement systems frequently have loading rates of less than even those found in walking, so the development of testing protocols that truly measure the loading rates found in many sporting movements are required. There is clear potential for AI techniques to assist in the analysis and interpretation of plantar pressure data to enable the more complete use of pressure system data in clinical diagnoses and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Burnie
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
| | - Nachiappan Chockalingam
- Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies, Staffordshire University, Stoke on Trent ST4 2RU, UK
| | | | - Tim Claypole
- Welsh Centre for Printing and Coating (WCPC), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Liam Kilduff
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Neil Bezodis
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
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Krauss I, Roesel I, Martus P, Giurgiu M, Mueller G. Effectiveness of an 11-week exercise intervention for patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis: results of a quasi-experimental pragmatic trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:24. [PMID: 38245801 PMCID: PMC10799538 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of exercise and education in addition to standard care (SC) compared to SC alone in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) during 24 months follow-up. DESIGN We conducted a quasi-experimental pragmatic clinical trial in care centers of a health insurance company. Overall, 1,030 subjects with hip and/or knee OA were included. The intervention group was recruited from clients participating in a hip/knee training (HKT, n = 515) in addition to SC. The control group (CO, n = 515) receiving SC only was recruited from the insurance database. HKT comprised 8 group sessions (1/week) of exercise and education, complemented by a 11-week structured home-exercise program (2/week). Primary endpoints were change of joint-related pain and function (WOMAC Index, score 0-10) after 3 months. Secondary endpoints related to follow-ups at 6, 12 and 24 months. All patient reported outcome measures were analyzed using linear mixed models (LMMs) investigating a time x treatment effect. A multivariable cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify differences of joint replacement during follow-up between groups. RESULTS LMMs revealed statistically significant differences in favor of HKT for the primary outcomes WOMAC pain = 0.47 (CI 0.27-0.66; Effect Size (ES) = 0.22, p < 0.001) and WOMAC function = 0.27 (CI 0.11-0.44; ES = 0.13, p < 0.001). HKT was superior to CO for 6, 12, and 24 months as well (ES < 0.2, p ≤ 0.006). HKT was inferior regarding the first incidence of hip or knee AJR during follow-up in comparison to CO (adjusted hazard ratio, HR = 1.57; CI 1.08-2.30; p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS This trial demonstrated short-, mid- and long-term superiority of exercise versus control. However, differences were smaller than those reported in previous efficacy trials, raising questions regarding clinical importance. Responder analysis will follow to identify possible predictors for patient responsiveness on an individual level. Further studies should investigate the frequency and reasons for joint replacement following exercise therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00009251). Registered 10 September 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Krauss
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Inka Roesel
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biostatistics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biostatistics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marco Giurgiu
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerhard Mueller
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse AOK Baden-Wuerttemberg, Stuttgart, Germany
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Burnie L, Chockalingam N, Holder A, Claypole T, Kilduff L, Bezodis N. Commercially available pressure sensors for sport and health applications: A comparative review. Foot (Edinb) 2023; 56:102046. [PMID: 37597352 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2023.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Pressure measurement systems have numerous applications in healthcare and sport. The purpose of this review is to: (a) describe the brief history of the development of pressure sensors for clinical and sport applications, (b) discuss the design requirements for pressure measurement systems for different applications, (c) critique the suitability, reliability, and validity of commercial pressure measurement systems, and (d) suggest future directions for the development of pressure measurements systems in this area. Commercial pressure measurement systems generally use capacitive or resistive sensors, and typically capacitive sensors have been reported to be more valid and reliable than resistive sensors for prolonged use. It is important to acknowledge, however, that the selection of sensors is contingent upon the specific application requirements. Recent improvements in sensor and wireless technology and computational power have resulted in systems that have higher sensor density and sampling frequency with improved usability - thinner, lighter platforms, some of which are wireless, and reduced the obtrusiveness of in-shoe systems due to wireless data transmission and smaller data-logger and control units. Future developments of pressure sensors should focus on the design of systems that can measure or accurately predict shear stresses in conjunction with pressure, as it is thought the combination of both contributes to the development of pressure ulcers and diabetic plantar ulcers. The focus for the development of in-shoe pressure measurement systems is to minimise any potential interference to the patient or athlete, and to reduce power consumption of the wireless systems to improve the battery life, so these systems can be used to monitor daily activity. A potential solution to reduce the obtrusiveness of in-shoe systems include thin flexible pressure sensors which can be incorporated into socks. Although some experimental systems are available further work is needed to improve their validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Burnie
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
| | - Nachiappan Chockalingam
- Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies, Staffordshire University, Stoke on Trent ST4 2RU, UK
| | | | - Tim Claypole
- Welsh Centre for Printing and Coating (WCPC), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Liam Kilduff
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Neil Bezodis
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
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Pietsch A, Schroeder J, Dalichau S, Reer R, Engel D, Wahl-Wachendorf A, Solbach T, Edler C, Riepenhof H. Acute effects of an exercise based multimodal in-patient rehabilitation protocol in male knee osteoarthritis patients and the two years follow-up sustainability. Work 2023; 75:1243-1253. [PMID: 36710693 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working with lifting and carrying heavy loads and kneeling postures with crawling, squats or heel seat position lead to progressive cartilage wear with premature degenerative changes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the exercise based multimodal 'knee college' and its sustainability in patients with knee osteoarthritis with data assessments before and after a starter course, before a 1-year and a 2-year follow-up refresher course in a retrospective observational study. METHODS A sample of 401 male patients (ICD10: M17 [arthrosis of knee]/ICF: s75011 [knee joint]) from the construction industries were assessed with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), EuroQol (EQ-5D), Performance Assessment Capacity Testing (PACT), Isokinetic torque H/Q ratio and Physical Work Capacity Test (PWC). Retrospectively, after two years they were divided into three groups based on their intermediate sporting activity: gym (n = 194, age: 50.8±7.0, BMI: 28.8±4,3), home training (n = 110, age: 50.2±7.0, BMI: 28.4±4,2), no exercising (n = 97, age: 48.2±7.0, BMI: 29.2±4,6). RESULTS Patients did not differ significantly in their demographic and anthropometric data prior to the rehab program. Significant interaction effects indicated group-dependent differing sustainability effects for the 2-year follow-up (all outcomes: p < 0.001, except for H/Q ratio: p = 0.03). Group-wise analyses revealed significant acute improvements (after 3-week in-patient starter rehab program: p < 0.05) for all groups in almost all outcomes (except the 'no sport' group, H/Q ratio p = 0.08). These effects remained significant (p < 0.001) only for the 'gym' group during the 1-year and 2-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that 2-year sustainability of acute rehabilitation starter effects was demonstrated especially for patients with adherence and compliance to long-term gym based exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Pietsch
- Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, BG Trauma Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- BG Rehabilitation Center City Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Schroeder
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Rüdiger Reer
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Engel
- German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Building Trade (Headquarter), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anette Wahl-Wachendorf
- German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Building Trade (Headquarter), Berlin, Germany
- Occupational Health Service of the German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Building Trade, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Solbach
- German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Building Trade (Headquarter), Berlin, Germany
- Occupational Health Service of the German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Building Trade, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Edler
- Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, BG Trauma Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- BG Rehabilitation Center City Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helge Riepenhof
- Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, BG Trauma Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- BG Rehabilitation Center City Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Effects of a continuous nursing care model on elderly patients with total hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1603-1611. [PMID: 34476774 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01965-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous nursing care (CNC) is an extended service based on meeting the needs of discharged patients for post-discharge treatment and rehabilitation. This research aimed to investigate the effects of CNC on older patients with total hip arthroplasty and to offer a scientific basis for improving the prognosis. METHODS A total of 134 patients with total hip arthroplasty were randomly divided into the control group (n = 67) and the intervention group (n = 67). The control group was treated by conventional nursing care and the intervention group was treated by CNC. Harris hip score, Barthel index, the activities of daily living (ADL) scale, self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) in these two groups were evaluated. Demographic characteristics between groups were analyzed by unpaired t test. The observation indexes between groups were assessed by two-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. RESULTS The scores of Harris hip score, Barthel index, ADL, SDS and SAS in the intervention group after intervention and after follow-up were better than the intervention group before intervention (all p < 0.01). Meanwhile, the scores of Harris hip score, Barthel index, ADL, SDS and SAS in the intervention group were better than the control group both after intervention and after follow-up (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In conclusion, CNC showed better efficacy than conventional nursing care in promoting hip joint function recovery, improving quality of life and alleviating anxiety and depression for older patients with total hip arthroplasty.
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Sassenberg K, Roesel I, Sudeck G, Bernecker K, Durst J, Krauss I. The Relation of Attitude Toward Technology and Mastery Experience After an App-Guided Physical Exercise Intervention: Randomized Crossover Trial. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e28913. [PMID: 35179500 PMCID: PMC8900907 DOI: 10.2196/28913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical exercise has been found to assert a positive impact on many muscular conditions. Exercise under face-to-face supervision is the gold standard, but access to it is limited, for instance, for economic reasons. App-guided therapy is an intervention that is more affordable and easily accessible. However, attitude toward technology is a key predictor for media adoption and is therefore expected to shape user experience during app-guided therapy. This might be of particular importance for mastery experience, which is crucial for promoting exercise-related self-efficacy and perceived usefulness of the interaction. Both should empower patients to continuously exercise. Objective This study sought to test whether attitudes toward technology predict mastery experience and perceived usefulness of the interaction after an app- versus a physiotherapist-guided treatment. We expect that attitudes toward technology positively predict both outcomes in case of the app-guided but not in case of the physiotherapist-guided treatment. Methods Patients (n=54) with clinically diagnosed hip osteoarthritis participated in 2 training sessions with the same exercise intervention, once guided by an app on a tablet computer and once guided by a physiotherapist in a German university hospital. The order of the sessions was randomized. Attitude toward technology was assessed as predictor before the first session, while mastery experience and the global perceived usefulness of interaction as self-reported outcomes after each session. Results In line with our hypotheses, attitude toward technology predicted mastery experience (b=0.16, standard error=0.07, P=.02) and usefulness of interaction (b=0.17, standard error=0.06, P=.01) after the app-based training but not after the training delivered by a physiotherapist (P>.3 in all cases). Mastery experience was lower for the app-based training but reached a very similar level as the physiotherapist-guided training for those holding a very positive attitude toward technology. Conclusions The attitude toward technology predicts the extent of mastery experience after app-guided exercise therapy. As mastery experience is highly important for self-efficacy and future exercise behavior, attitudes toward technology should be considered when delivering app-guided exercise treatments. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00015759; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00015759
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sassenberg
- Social Processes Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany.,School of Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Inka Roesel
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biostatistics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Jennifer Durst
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Inga Krauss
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Roesel I, Steinhilber B, Martus P, Janssen P, Krauss I. Secondary Analysis of a Study on Exercise Therapy in Hip Osteoarthritis: Follow-Up Data on Pain and Physical Functioning. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168366. [PMID: 34444116 PMCID: PMC8393441 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the short- and longer-term effects of exercise therapy in hip osteoarthritis patients (OA) at baseline, three, six, and 12 months in a randomized setting, followed by a non-randomized setting. The primary randomized intervention (E = exercise, P = placebo–ultrasound, C = control) was followed by a voluntary three-month exercise therapy for P and C (renamed P-E, C-E). Participants randomized to E were not offered treatment again (E-C). Effect sizes (ES; 95% CI) were calculated for within-group effects across time for bodily pain (SF-36) and WOMAC pain, function, and stiffness. ANCOVAs of post-treatment scores were used for group comparison after the group-specific exercise intervention phase. Exercise adherence was assessed and related to post-treatment scores of clinical outcomes. Data of 115 participants of the RCT eligible for follow-up and completing exercise therapy were included into our analyses. Small to medium beneficial long-term effects of cumulative interventional effects, including exercise training, persisted in all groups. Group E-C (n = 49) showed significant 12 months vs. baseline within-group ES in all outcomes (ES 0.39–0.59) except stiffness. Findings were less prominent for exercise therapy in a non-randomized setting (C-E, P-E, both n = 33). Differences are partially explained by adherence rates, highlighting the relevance of therapy compliance strategies. Short-term between-group differences (ANCOVAs) only showed statistically significant differences for WOMAC function between P-E and E-C in favor of E-C (6.4 (95% CI 1.6–11.2; score range 0–100)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Inka Roesel
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany; (I.R.); (P.M.)
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany;
| | - Benjamin Steinhilber
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany;
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany; (I.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Pia Janssen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany;
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Inga Krauss
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany;
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, Tuebingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Durst J, Roesel I, Sudeck G, Sassenberg K, Krauss I. Effectiveness of Human Versus Computer-Based Instructions for Exercise on Physical Activity-Related Health Competence in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis: Randomized Noninferiority Crossover Trial. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e18233. [PMID: 32985991 PMCID: PMC7551118 DOI: 10.2196/18233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hip and knee osteoarthritis is ranked as the 11th highest contributor to global disability. Exercise is a core treatment in osteoarthritis. The model for physical activity–related health competence describes possibilities to empower patients to perform physical exercises in the best possible health-promoting manner while taking into account their own physical condition. Face-to-face supervision is the gold standard for exercise guidance. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether instruction and guidance via a digital app is not inferior to supervision by a physiotherapist with regard to movement quality, control competence for physical training, and exercise-specific self-efficacy. Methods Patients with clinically diagnosed hip osteoarthritis were recruited via print advertisements, emails and flyers. The intervention consisted of two identical training sessions with one exercise for mobility, two for strength, and one for balance. One session was guided by a physiotherapist and the other was guided by a fully automated tablet computer-based app. Both interventions took place at a university hospital. Outcomes were assessor-rated movement quality, and self-reported questionnaires on exercise-specific self-efficacy and control competence for physical training. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment sequences. One sequence started with the app in the first session followed by the physiotherapist in the second session after a minimum washout phase of 27 days (AP group) and the other sequence occurred in the reverse order (PA group). Noninferiority was defined as a between-treatment effect (gIG)<0.2 in favor of the physiotherapist-guided training, including the upper confidence interval. Participants, assessors, and the statistician were neither blinded to the treatment nor to the treatment sequence. Results A total of 54 participants started the first training session (32 women, 22 men; mean age 62.4, SD 8.2 years). The treatment sequence groups were similar in size (PA: n=26; AP: n=28). Seven subjects did not attend the second training session (PA: n=3; AP: n=4). The app was found to be inferior to the physiotherapist in all outcomes considered, except for movement quality of the mobility exercise (gIG –0.13, 95% CI –0.41-0.16). In contrast to the two strengthening exercises in different positions (supine gIG 0.76, 95% CI 0.39-1.13; table gIG 1.19, 95% CI 0.84-1.55), movement quality of the balance exercise was close to noninferiority (gIG 0.15, 95% CI –0.17-0.48). Exercise-specific self-efficacy showed a strong effect in favor of the physiotherapist (gIG 0.84, 95% CI 0.46-1.22). In terms of control competence for physical training, the app was only slightly inferior to the physiotherapist (gIG 0.18, 95% CI –0.14-0.50). Conclusions Despite its inferiority in almost all measures of interest, exercise-specific self-efficacy and control competence for physical training did improve in patients who used the digital app. Movement quality was acceptable for exercises that are easy to conduct and instruct. The digital app opens up possibilities as a supplementary tool to support patients in independent home training for less complex exercises; however, it cannot replace a physiotherapist. Trial Registration German Clinical Trial Register: DRKS00015759; http://www.drks.de/DRKS00015759
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Durst
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Inka Roesel
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biostatistics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Institute of Sports Science, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kai Sassenberg
- Social Processes Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tuebingen, Germany.,Faculty of Science, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Inga Krauss
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Krauss I, Hein T, Steinhilber B, Janßen P. A 12-week exercise program for patients with hip osteoarthritis has no influence on gait parameters: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture 2020; 78:6-12. [PMID: 32151918 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip osteoarthritis is a major musculoskeletal disorder in the elderly. Evidence is given for the efficacy of exercise interventions in terms of self-reported physical functioning and pain. However, it has not yet been fully examined whether exercises influence gait. RESEARCH QUESTION The purpose of this RCT therefore was to evaluate effects of a 12-week exercise program on kinematic gait variables in subjects with hip osteoarthritis. METHODS 210 participants were randomly assigned to exercise, non-treated control, or placebo ultrasound groups. The 12-week exercise intervention combined a weekly group session with home-based exercises (2/week), which entailed exercises for motor learning, flexibility, strengthening, and balance. Placebo ultrasound was given once a week. A 6-camera motion capture system was used for data collection. Data were derived from shod walking at self-selected speeds. Spatio-temporal and hip and knee joint angles of the stance phase were calculated. Data were averaged across five trials. Measurements were taken prior to and immediately after the intervention period. ANOVA/Kruskall-Wallis-Tests were used to analyze between-group effects for differences between test days. Pairwise comparisons were subsequently conducted in case of significant model effects. Data were analyzed per protocol (n = 185). RESULTS No statistically significant differences were detected for any of the outcome measures. SIGNIFICANCE Although hip muscle strength and gait quality are related, strength training of the hip-surrounding musculature without specific gait training elements cannot improve spatio-temporal gait characteristics or hip and knee joint angles in subjects with mild to moderate hip osteoarthritis. If gait should explicitly be improved through exercise, interventions must incorporate a relevant portion of gait-related tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Krauss
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Germany; Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity Tuebingen, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany.
| | | | - Benjamin Steinhilber
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Pia Janßen
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Germany; Interfaculty Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity Tuebingen, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany
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Salas C, Sintes P, Joan J, Urbano D, Sospedra J, Caparros T. Conservative management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in professional basketball. APUNTS SPORTS MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apunsm.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Divjak A, Aleksic D, Ilic KP. Impact of Rehabilitation on Health Related Quality of Life in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/sjecr-2016-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative, progressive musculoskeletal system disease in adult individuals. Both genders demonstrate a similar prevalence at 11.5% for men and 11.6% for women. During the initial stage of hip OA, conservative treatments may significantly decrease pain, provide functional improvement and enhance health related quality of life (HRQoL).
The aims of the study were to evaluate the quality of life of patients with hip osteoarthritis and to estimate the impact of a comprehensive rehabilitation intervention on their HRQoL.
This was a prospective, observational study of 50 consecutive patients with hip osteoarthritis who were referred to an outpatient rehabilitation intervention. To assess their HRQoL before and after rehabilitation, we used the SF-36 and the Lequesne index for hip OA.
The mean age was 61.7±8.3 years, and 56% of the patients were women. After rehabilitation, the SF-36 RE and RP subscales and the Lequesne pain subscale showed the most significant improvement, although all of the SF-36 and Lequesne domains showed significant improvement. Before rehabilitation, the Lequesne ADL subscale was most correlated with the SF-36 PF subscale (rho=−0.908). After rehabilitation, the total Lequesne score was highly correlated with the SF-36 PF subscale (rho=−0.895). Age, education and the duration of disease were significantly correlated with all of the Lequesne subscales before and after rehabilitation.
This study showed that patients with hip osteoarthritis had a substantially low HRQoL, but all health dimensions showed statistically significant improvements after outpatient rehabilitation intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Divjak
- Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Serbia
| | - Dejan Aleksic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Serbia
| | - Katarina Parezanovic Ilic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Kragujevac , Serbia
- Service for physical medicine and rehabilitation , Clinical Center Kragujevac , Serbia
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Steinhilber B, Haupt G, Miller R, Janssen P, Krauss I. Exercise therapy in patients with hip osteoarthritis: Effect on hip muscle strength and safety aspects of exercise—results of a randomized controlled trial. Mod Rheumatol 2016; 27:493-502. [DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2016.1213940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Steinhilber
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany and
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Georg Haupt
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany and
| | - Regina Miller
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany and
| | - Pia Janssen
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany and
| | - Inga Krauss
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany and
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13
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Dias AS, Rinaldi T, Barbosa LG. O impacto da analgesia controlada pelos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias ortopédicas. Braz J Anesthesiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjan.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Krauss I, Mueller G, Haupt G, Steinhilber B, Janssen P, Jentner N, Martus P. Effectiveness and efficiency of an 11-week exercise intervention for patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis: a protocol for a controlled study in the context of health services research. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:367. [PMID: 27129849 PMCID: PMC4851810 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis is the most common reason for pain in older adults, and the individual and economic burden of this disease is immense. The chronic character of osteoarthritis requires a long-term therapeutic treatment. In this regard life-style interventions such as physical exercises that can be carried out by the patient himself are recommended as first line treatment. There is evidence for the short-term benefit of exercise therapy in terms of pain reduction and physical functioning. Nonetheless research agendas highlight the need for multifaceted interventions that incorporate exercise strategies into patient care. Studies should be conducted with appropriate sample sizes and should allow statements on long-term effects as well as cost-utility and safety. These open questions are under the scope of this study. METHODS/DESIGN This is a controlled study in the context of health services research. The study population consists of n = 1400 subjects with hip or knee osteoarthritis. The intervention group will be recruited from participants of a country-wide health insurance offer for people with hip or knee osteoarthritis. Potential participants for the control group (ratio 10:1 (control vs. intervention) will be filtered out from the insurance data base according to pre-defined matching criteria and asked by letter for their participation. The final statistical twins from the responders (1:1) will be determined via propensity score matching. The progressive training intervention comprises 8 supervised group sessions, supplemented by home exercises (2/week over 11 weeks). Exercises include mobilization, strengthening and training of postural control. Primary outcomes are pain and function measured with the WOMAC Index immediately after the intervention period. Among other things, health related quality of life, self-efficacy, cost utility and safety will be evaluated as secondary outcomes. Participants will be followed up 6, 12 and 24 month after baseline. DISCUSSION Results of this trial will document the effects of clinical as well as economic outcomes in a regular health care setting on the basis of a large sample size. As such, results of this trial might have great impact on future implementations of group- and home-based exercises in hip or knee osteoarthritis. TRAIL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00009251 . Registered 10 September 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Krauss
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Mueller
- Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse AOK, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Georg Haupt
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Steinhilber
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Pia Janssen
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nicola Jentner
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
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Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Turkish version of Oxford hip score. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2015; 135:879-89. [PMID: 25861765 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-015-2215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to translate the Oxford hip score (OHS) into Turkish and to evaluate the psychometric properties by testing the internal consistency, reproducibility, construct validity, and responsiveness in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Oxford hip score was translated and culturally adapted according to the guidelines in the literature. Seventy patients (mean age 61.45 ± 9.29 years) with hip osteoarthritis participated in the study. Patients completed the Turkish Oxford hip score (OHS-TR), the Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC). Internal consistency was tested using Cronbach's α coefficient. Patients completed OHS-TR questionnaire twice in 7 days for determining the reproducibility. Correlation between the total results of both tests was determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Validity was assessed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the OHS-TR and WOMAC and SF-36 scores. Floor and ceiling effects were analyzed. RESULTS The internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α 0.93). The construct validity showed a significant correlation between the OHS-TR and WOMAC and related SF-36 domains (p < 0.001). The ICC's ranged between 0.80 and 0.99. There was no floor or ceiling effect in total OHS-TR score. CONCLUSIONS The OHS-TR questionnaire is valid, reliable, and responsive for the Turkish-speaking patients with hip OA.
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Dias AS, Rinaldi T, Barbosa LG. The impact of patients controlled analgesia undergoing orthopedic surgery. Braz J Anesthesiol 2015; 66:265-71. [PMID: 27108823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The currently common musculoskeletal disorders have been increasingly treated surgically, and the pain can be a limiting factor in postoperative rehabilitation. RATIONALE Patient controlled analgesia (PCA) controls pain, but its adverse effects can interfere with rehabilitation and in the patient discharge process. This study becomes important, since there are few studies evaluating this correlation. OBJECTIVES To compare the outcomes of patients who used and did not use patient controlled analgesia in postoperative orthopedic surgery with respect to pain, unscheduled need for O2 (oxygen), and time of immobility and in-hospital length of stay. METHODS This is an observational, prospective study conducted at Hospital Abreu Sodré from May to August 2012. The data was daily obtained through assessments and interviews of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), thoracolumbar spine arthrodesis (long PVA), cervical spine arthrodesis (cervical AVA) and lumbar spine arthrodesis (lumbar PVA). RESULTS The study showed some differences between groups, namely: the painful level was higher in the group undergoing lumbar PVA without PCA compared with the group with PCA (p=0.03) and in the group of long PVA without PCA in the early postoperative period. This latter group used O2 for a longer time (p=0.09). CONCLUSION In this study, PCA was useful for analgesia in patients undergoing lumbar PVA and probably would have influenced the usage time of O2 in the group of long PVA in face of a larger sample. The use of PCA did not influence the time of leaving the bed and the in-hospital length of stay for the patients studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aluane Silva Dias
- Hospital da Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente - AACD, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tathyana Rinaldi
- Hospital da Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente - AACD, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Gardin Barbosa
- Hospital da Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente - AACD, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Intensive Care, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FM-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Steinhilber B, Haupt G, Miller R, Grau S, Janssen P, Krauss I. Stiffness, pain, and hip muscle strength are factors associated with self-reported physical disability in hip osteoarthritis. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2015; 37:99-105. [PMID: 24406707 DOI: 10.1519/jpt.0b013e3182abe7b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical disability (PD) is common among patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip. Exercise therapy is proposed to be a potential intervention to reduce PD. However, the optimal targets of an exercise program are not known. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to identify factors that explain the level of self-reported PD in patients with hip OA. Knowledge of these factors will help develop specific and effective exercise programs. METHODS Data from 149 patients with hip OA (85 men and 64 women) were analyzed. Self-reported PD was quantified using the physical function subscale of the Western Ontario and McMaster index. A stepwise regression analysis was conducted to identify significant factors associated with self-reported PD. RESULTS Stiffness, pain, and hip muscle strength were found to be significant factors related to the level of self-reported PD in hip OA. These factors explained 59% (r adjusted = 0.59) of the variance. Body mass index, gender, age, and passive internal hip rotation and flexion range of motion explained only minor parts of the dependent variable self-reported PD. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Stiffness, pain, and hip muscle strength are associated with self-reported PD in hip OA. It is imperative that exercise treatments for hip OA include strategies to modify these factors. Further research should evaluate their role in preventing hip OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Steinhilber
- 1Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany. 2University of Gothenburg, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science Biomechanics, Göteborg, Schweden
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Krauß I, Steinhilber B, Haupt G, Miller R, Martus P, Janßen P. Exercise therapy in hip osteoarthritis--a randomized controlled trial. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 111:592-9. [PMID: 25249361 PMCID: PMC4174683 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roughly one in ten persons in the industrialized world suffers from hip osteoarthritis, a disease for which there is no cure. The goal of conservative therapy is to relieve symptoms, preferably with methods that let patients assume responsibility for their own treatment, e.g., physical training. METHOD In a randomized controlled trial, we studied the effectiveness of twelve weeks of exercise therapy in patients with hip osteoarthritis (THüKo), compared to no treatment (control group) and placebo ultrasound treatment of the hip (placebo ultrasound group). The primary endpoint was a comparison of the pain scores of the intervention versus control groups on the generic SF-36 health questionnaire. Secondary endpoints included comparisons across all three study groups of scores on the 7 other scales of the SF-36 and on the pain, physical function, and stiffness scales of the osteoarthritis-specific WOMAC Index. The statistical analysis was performed with ANCOVA, with baseline values as a covariate. Between-group effects were subsequently tested pairwise (two-tailed t-tests, alpha = 0.05). RESULTS As for the primary endpoint, pain reduction was significantly greater in the intervention than in the control group (mean difference 5.7 points, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4-11.1 points, p = 0.034). The comparisons across all three study groups (i.e., secondary endpoints, with 71 subjects in the intervention group, 68 in the control group, and 70 in the placebo group) revealed no significant between-group effects with respect to the SF-36. On the WOMAC Index, however, statistically significant differences were found for pain reduction between the intervention and control group (mean difference 7.4 points, 95% CI 3.0-11.8, p = 0.001) and between the intervention and placebo group (mean difference 5.1 points, 95% CI 0.7-9.4, p = 0.024). Comparable mean differences were also found for functional improvement. CONCLUSION Twelve weeks of exercise therapy in hip osteoarthritis patients of normal vitality reduced pain and improved physical function. No significant improvement was found in these patients' general health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Krauß
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tübingen
| | - Benjamin Steinhilber
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tübingen
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tübingen
| | - Georg Haupt
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tübingen
| | - Regina Miller
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tübingen
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tübingen
| | - Pia Janßen
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Tübingen
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