1
|
García-Moreno JM, Calvo-Muñoz I, Gómez-Conesa A, López-López JA. Assessment of the Effects of Physiotherapy on Back Care and Prevention of Non-Specific Low Back Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1036. [PMID: 38786446 PMCID: PMC11121698 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) in children and adolescents has increased in recent years, and the evidence of the physiotherapy interventions in back care needs to be updated. Our main goal was to quantify the effects of preventive physiotherapy interventions on improving behavior and knowledge related to back care and prevention of NSLBP in children and adolescents. Based on two previous meta-analyses, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PEDro, Web of Science, LILACS, IBECS, PsycINFO, and IME databases and several journals were searched. Two researchers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias in the studies using the RoB2 tool. Data were described according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 24 studies (28 reports) were included. In the posttest, the behavior variable obtained an overall effect size of d+ = 1.48 (95%CI: 0.40 to 2.56), and the knowledge variable obtained an effect size of d+ = 1.41 (95%CI: 1.05 to 1.76). Physiotherapy has demonstrated beneficial impacts on behavior and knowledge concerning back care and to prevent NSLBP in children and adolescents. Interventions focusing on postural hygiene and exercise should be preferred, especially those that are shorter in number of weeks, more intense, and incorporate as many intervention hours as possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Inmaculada Calvo-Muñoz
- Department of Physiotherapy, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, Guadalupe, 30007 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonia Gómez-Conesa
- Research Group Research Methods and Evaluation in Social Sciences, Mare Nostrum Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.-C.); (J.A.L.-L.)
| | - José Antonio López-López
- Research Group Research Methods and Evaluation in Social Sciences, Mare Nostrum Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.-C.); (J.A.L.-L.)
- Department of Basic Psychology and Methodology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
León-Bravo G, Cantarero-Carmona I. A Longitudinal, Observational, and Descriptive Study About Benefits of Craniosacral Therapy in Child Neurodevelopment. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024:99228241245334. [PMID: 38624090 DOI: 10.1177/00099228241245334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coordination and balance are progressive motor skills that guide physical therapists in recognizing abnormal patterns during childish neurodevelopment. We aim to compare the efficacy of craniosacral therapy (CST) together with balance and coordination therapy (BCT) vs traditional BCT during neurodevelopment. METHODS Longitudinal, observational, and descriptive study with 111 apparently healthy children divided into 4 groups: craniosacral-balance and coordination therapy placebo (CS-BCTp), craniosacral-balance and coordination therapy (CS-BCT), balance and coordination therapy placebo (BCTp), and balance and coordination therapy (BCT). RESULTS Significant changes have been observed with the CS-BCT from the fourth session. Balance and coordination therapy is less effective. There are differences in the Battelle Scale at the beginning and after the 7 therapy sessions in the CS-BCT group. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that CST together with balance and coordination exercises can be a more effective and faster treatment to improve these motor skills, correcting and improving alterations during child neurodevelopment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gema León-Bravo
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Irene Cantarero-Carmona
- Department of Morphological and Sociosanitary Sciences, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Anyachukwu CC, Amarah CC, Atueyi BC, Anthony I, Nweke M, Abaraogu U. Effectiveness of Back care education Programme among school children: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:95. [PMID: 38308207 PMCID: PMC10835972 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic review of Randomised controlled trials. OBJECTIVES With the increasing incidence of back pain among children and its untold implications to their future, back education tailored in an effective way would be indicated. However literature appears unsettled. This study aims to review available literature to determine the effect of school-based back education in preventing and managing low back pain in school children. METHODS Randomized controlled trials carried out on elementary and secondary school children of ages 6 to 18 years and published in English language were included. Back education taught in hospitals or other settings were excluded. Primary outcome was back pain prevalence and secondary outcomes were constituted from the study characteristics of selected studies which includes: back behavior, knowledge, postural habits, physical activity, fear-avoidance beliefs, back pack carriage, pain intensity, skills and self efficacy. Databases searched were PEDro, HINARI, PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Available stiudies from 2000 to March 2022 were retrieved. Quality of studies were assessed using the PEDro scale. Obtained studies were descriptively analyzed. RESULTS A total 8420 studies were retrieved and 8 studies (with 1239 participants) were included in this review. Four studies each assessed back knowledge and back behavior, and two assessed back pain prevalence. There were improvements in back knowledge and back behaviour, but effectiveness of back care education on back pain prevalence was not conclusive. Forms of education used involved the indirect method of conditioning the environment and the direct method which made use of theory, practical lessons and educational books and materials. CONCLUSION Back care education programmes in schools are effective in improving back care knowledge, behavior and reduction in low back pain frequency. Reduction in back pain prevalence is not conclusive. Back care education could be incorporated as part of schools' education programmes. Limitations include exclusion of non English language studies and inconsistent outcome measures. FUNDING SOURCE None. REGISTRATION This review protocol was registered under the International platform of Registered systematic review and meta-analysis protocol (INPLASY) with the registration number; INPLASY202310044 and DOI number; https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0044.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Canice Chukwudi Anyachukwu
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
| | - Confidence Chinemerem Amarah
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria.
| | - Blessing Chiagozikam Atueyi
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
| | - Ifeanyi Anthony
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
| | - Martins Nweke
- Department of physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ukachukwu Abaraogu
- Department of medical rehabilitation, Faculty of health sciences and technology, College of medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu state, Nigeria
- Research Center for Health (ReaCH) Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
- Division of Biological Sciences and Health University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Weerasinghe K, Rishard M, Brabaharan S, Walpita Y. Physiotherapy training and education prior to elective Caesarean section and its impact on post-natal quality of life: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:270. [PMID: 37833802 PMCID: PMC10571237 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06550-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caesarean section (CS) is associated with numerous complications that lead to the delayed return to functional activities that have a negative influence on the post-natal quality of life (QOL). It is evident that providing regular evidence-based physiotherapy training and education prior to elective CS helps to enhance the post-natal QOL by improving physical, mental, social, and general well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of physiotherapy training and education prior to elective CS on post-natal QOL. METHODS This single-blind parallel randomized controlled study was carried out at De Soysa Hospital for Women (DSHW), Colombo. The study enrolled 54 women who were scheduled to undergo elective CS. The intervention group (n = 27) of women received physiotherapy training and education, while the control group (n = 27) received standard nursing care. In addition to the primary outcome measures, post-natal QOL was measured. The results were examined using descriptive statistics and the independent samples t-test in IBM SPSS 20. RESULTS The intervention group showed a higher post-natal QOL for the domains of physical function, role limitation due to physical health, energy/fatigue, and pain than the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Physiotherapy training and education prior to elective CS play a pivotal role in improving the physical health-related domains of QOL following CS. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry ( https://www.slctr.lk ). REGISTRATION NUMBER SLCTR/2019/029-APPL/2019/028; Registration date: 6th of September 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalani Weerasinghe
- Health and Wellness Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Mohamed Rishard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Yasaswi Walpita
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
da Rosa BN, Noll M, Candotti CT, Loss JF. Risk Factors for Back Pain among Southern Brazilian School Children: A 6-Year Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148322. [PMID: 35886179 PMCID: PMC9322503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Risk factors associated with back pain vary in different countries. Given the lack of studies in Latin America, our study aimed to assess back pain and its associated factors for six years in Southern Brazilian school children. All children attending the fifth grade of Teutônia, Brazil, were invited to participate in the study. Only schoolchildren who did not report back pain were included in the first assessment. The schoolchildren completed the Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument (BackPEI) during three assessments (2011, 2014, and 2017). BackPEI assesses the presence of back pain and possible associated risk factors (postural, behavioral, and sociodemographic). Generalized estimated equations (GEE) were used to perform a Poisson regression model with robust variance for longitudinal analysis. After six years of follow-up, 75 schoolchildren completed all the assessments. The risk factors associated with back pain were spending more than six hours daily watching television, lifting objects from the ground adopting an inadequate posture, using another backpack type different from those with two straps, and carrying a backpack in an asymmetric way. These results are important in guiding the planning of public policies to minimize this public health problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Nichele da Rosa
- Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil; (C.T.C.); (J.F.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Goiânia 76300-000, Brazil;
| | - Cláudia Tarragô Candotti
- Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil; (C.T.C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Jefferson Fagundes Loss
- Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil; (C.T.C.); (J.F.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
García-Moreno JM, Calvo-Muñoz I, Gómez-Conesa A, López-López JA. Effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for back care and the prevention of non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:314. [PMID: 35366847 PMCID: PMC8976404 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents has increased in recent years. The purpose of this study was to upgrade the evidence of the most effective preventive physiotherapy interventions to improve back care in children and adolescents. METHODS The study settings were children or adolescents aged 18 years or younger. Data were obtained from the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PEDro, Web of Science, LILACS, IBECS, and PsycINFO databases and the specialized journals BMJ and Spine. The included studies were published between May 2012 and May 2020. Controlled trials on children and adolescents who received preventive physiotherapy for back care were considered. Data on all the variables gathered in each individual study were extracted by two authors separately. Two authors assessed risk of bias of included studies using the RoB2 and quality of the body of evidence using the GRADE methodology. Data were described according to PRISMA guidelines. To calculate the effect size, a standardized mean difference "d" was used and a random-effects model was applied for the following outcome variables: behaviour, knowledge, trunk flexion muscle endurance, trunk extension muscle endurance, hamstring flexibility and posture. RESULTS Twenty studies were finally included. The most common physiotherapy interventions were exercise, postural hygiene and physical activity. The mean age of the total sample was 11.79 years. When comparing the change from baseline to end of intervention in treatment and control groups, the following overall effect estimates were obtained: behaviour d+ = 1.19 (95% CI: 0.62 and 1.76), knowledge d+ = 1.84 (0.58 and 3.09), trunk flexion endurance d+ = 0.65 (-0.02 and 1.33), trunk extension endurance d+ = 0.71 (0.38 and 1.03), posture d+ = 0.65 (0.24 and 1.07) and hamstrings flexibility d+ = 0.46 (0.36 and 0.56). At follow-up, the measurement of the behaviour variable was between 1 and 12 months, with an effect size of d+ = 1.00 (0.37 and 1.63), whereas the knowledge variable obtained an effect size of d+ = 2.08 (-0.85 and 5.02) at 3 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Recent studies provide strong support for the use of physiotherapy in the improvement of back care and prevention of non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents. Based on GRADE methodology, we found that the evidence was from very low to moderate quality and interventions involving physical exercise, postural hygiene and physical activity should be preferred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonia Gómez-Conesa
- Research Group Research Methods and Evaluation in Social Sciences. Mare Nostrum Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Antonio López-López
- Research Group Research Methods and Evaluation in Social Sciences. Mare Nostrum Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Basic Psychology and Methodology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vitman N, Hellerstein D, Zeev A, Gilo Y, Nakdimon O, Peretz A, Eilat-Adar S. A Comparison between Different Types and Frequency of Physiotherapy Treatment for Children and Adolescents with Postural Problems and Low Back Pain. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2022; 42:215-226. [PMID: 34587853 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2021.1977759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the effect of a once-a-week group physiotherapy session in addition to a once-a-month individual physiotherapy treatment, in comparison to a monthly individual physiotherapy treatment. METHODS Fifty children and adolescents aged 10-18 years with poor back posture, some of whom had LBP, met individually with a physiotherapist once a month. The intervention group received an additional once-a-week group physiotherapy session for 12 weeks. Thorax curve angle, postural behavior, and low back pain (LBP) were measured before and after intervention. RESULTS The thorax curve angle decreased from 39.2 ± 9.3 to 28.2 ± 6.8 (p < 0.001) in the group + individual therapy group and from 38.9 ± 9.3 to 27.9 ± 7.8 in the individual therapy only group (p < 0.001). LBP decreased from 5.6 ± 2.2 to 1.6 ± 1.9 (p < 0.001) and from 5.5 ± 2.1 to 2.8 ± 2.0 (p < 0.001). A significantly greater improvement in postural behavior was found in the group + individual therapy group (p = 0.04). Moreover, attrition rates were lower in the experimental group. CONCLUSION A lower-frequency individual physiotherapy treatment for 12 weeks proved as beneficial as the same program with an additional higher-frequency group physiotherapy in improving thorax curve angle and LBP. However, the higher-frequency group physiotherapy in addition to the lower-frequency individual treatment was significantly more effective in improving postural behavior and adherence to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neta Vitman
- Physiotherapy Clinic, Maccabi Health Services, Modi'in, Israel.,The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
| | | | - Aviva Zeev
- The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
| | - Yael Gilo
- Physiotherapy Clinic, Maccabi Health Services, Modi'in, Israel
| | - Oren Nakdimon
- Physiotherapy Clinic, Maccabi Health Services, Modi'in, Israel
| | - Asaf Peretz
- Physiotherapy Clinic, Maccabi Health Services, Modi'in, Israel
| | - Sigal Eilat-Adar
- The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Louw Q, Kriel RI, Brink Y, van Niekerk SM, Tawa N. Perspectives of spinal health within the school setting in a South African rural region: A qualitative study. Work 2021; 69:141-155. [PMID: 33998578 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal pain is one of the leading causes of morbidity globally. There is an increase in the number of children and adolescents who experience spinal pain and the lifetime prevalence of adolescent spinal pain varies between countries. In Africa, one in two adolescents experiences spinal pain and the prevalence is increasing. OBJECTIVE This study reports on the knowledge and perspectives of school-attending children, adolescents, teachers, and parents/guardians regarding spinal health. METHODS We conducted a descriptive qualitative case study with an interpretative and phenomenological approach. Data coding, management and analysis was done using ATLAS.ti computer software. RESULTS Ninety-three participants (66 women and 27 men) were enrolled in the study. The barriers associated with students' spinal health were multifactorial, including low levels of physical activity, dangerous gameplay, sports risks, poor ergonomics, school bags, insufficient knowledge, and pregnancy risks. Participants proposed strategies to improve spinal health including the provision of students' lockers, advice on appropriate school bag types, embedding spinal education in the curriculum, general advocacy for spinal health, and integration of technology in teaching and learning. CONCLUSION There is a need for further engagement on school-based spinal health promotion programs that consider local socio-economic, educational, and cultural factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quinette Louw
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Réna Isabel Kriel
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Yolandi Brink
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Nassib Tawa
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Brink Y, Maart RA, Louw QA. School-based interventions to improve spinal health of children and adolescents: a systematic review. Physiother Theory Pract 2021; 38:2378-2401. [PMID: 34157947 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2021.1938305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of spinal pain is high in children and adolescents attending school. There are no evidence-based guidelines to promote spinal health (spinal pain and spinal well-being) in schoolsPurpose: This study aimed to 1) determine the usefulness of school-based interventions in promoting spinal health in children and adolescents and 2) synthesize the evidence in a user-friendly infographic.Methods: A search was performed across eight databases from the inception of the databases to August 2019 for full-text English-language articles which assessed the effect of school-based interventions on spinal health. Spinal health outcomes included pain limited to the spinal area including lower back, upper back, neck, and neck-shoulder pain, and impacts of spinal pain (e.g., absenteeism from school). Studies were appraised for methodological quality (PEDro scale and Johanna Briggs Institute checklist). The usefulness of interventions was based on meta-analyses; calculated effect size; the number of spinal health outcomes; and the direction of the (summary) effect of the intervention.Results: Twenty-two studies were included. Four interventions were identified: 1) exercise; 2) education; 3) the combination of exercise and education; and 4) furniture.Conclusion: School-based exercise is most useful to promote spinal health in the short term, followed by a combination of exercise and education, and education-only interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolandi Brink
- Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa
| | - Rentia Amelia Maart
- Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa
| | - Quinette Abigail Louw
- Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ludwig O, Kelm J, Hammes A, Schmitt E, Fröhlich M. Neuromuscular performance of balance and posture control in childhood and adolescence. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04541. [PMID: 32775721 PMCID: PMC7398941 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined a potential age-dependency of both posture and stability (balance) control in children and adolescents in a healthy population. Body posture with open and closed eyes was examined for a total of 456 test persons (age 6.7–17.6 years. Posture parameters (posture index, upper body tilt, trunk tilt) were assessed in the sagittal plane. Additionally, the oscillation of the center of pressure with open and closed eyes was additionally analyzed in a sub-sample of 318 subjects. Absolute values of stability control parameters changed significantly during childhood and adolescence for both boys (p = 0.005) and girls (p = 0.01). Relative changes of stability and posture parameters when closing the eyes did not change (p > 0.05) and were independent of age, gender or sports activity in healthy children and adolescents. The shifting of the body segments towards each other, as a result of the loss of visual information, does not seem to be primarily responsible for the increase in COP fluctuation. This is a further indication that stability control and posture control are complex interdependent mechanisms whose interaction is not yet fully understood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Ludwig
- Fachgebiet Sportwissenschaft, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Sportwissenschaftliches Institut, Universität des Saarlandes, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jens Kelm
- Chirurgisch-orthopädisches Zentrum, 66557 Illingen, Germany
| | - Annette Hammes
- Medicover Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum, 66111 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eduard Schmitt
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael Fröhlich
- Fachgebiet Sportwissenschaft, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zaina F, Balagué F, Battié M, Karppinen J, Negrini S. Low back pain rehabilitation in 2020: new frontiers and old limits of our understanding. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 56:212-219. [PMID: 32214063 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.20.06257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal condition affecting the quality of life of individuals, especially if persistent. Over the decades, a lot of work has been done in an attempt to reduce the negative impact of back pain, and help patients recover and maintain a better quality of life. New insights are coming from different fields of research, with a lot of work being done in searching for the etiology of LBP, describing the different phenotypes of symptomatic spines, and identifying factors involved in the persistence of the disease. Nevertheless, still a lot remains to be done to fully understand the problem of back pain and its causes. Even today, there appears to be a wide gap between basic science and applied rehabilitation research on LBP. The first is still searching in many different ways for the "holy grail" of the pain generator and providing very interesting results with particular relevance to surgical, drug-related and other biological approaches, while the second is pragmatically focusing on modifiable factors that may influence back pain outcomes. Yet, personalized, effective spine care has not been fully realized. While we recognize the potential of basic science advances, there is an immediate need for more translational rehabilitation research, as well as studies focused on the effectiveness of rehabilitation approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Zaina
- ISICO (Italian Scientific Spine Institute), Milan, Italy -
| | - Federico Balagué
- Department of Rheumatology, HFR Fribourg-Hôpital Cantonal, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michele Battié
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Western's Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jaro Karppinen
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Rehabilitation Unit of South Karelia Social and Health Care District, Oulu, Finland
| | - Stefano Negrini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, "La Statale" University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ludwig O, Berger J, Becker S, Kemmler W, Fröhlich M. The Impact of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation on Body Posture and Trunk Muscle Strength in Untrained Persons. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1020. [PMID: 31481895 PMCID: PMC6710354 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular imbalances of the trunk muscles are held responsible for changes in body posture. At the same time, whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) has been established as a new training method that enables simultaneous stimulation of many muscle groups. This study was aiming to analyze if a 10 weeks WB-EMS training changes posture-relevant parameters and/or improves isometric strength of the trunk extensors and flexors, and if there are differences based on stimulation at 20 Hz and 85 Hz. Fifty eight untrained adult test persons were divided into three groups (control, CON; training with 20 Hz stimulation, TR20; training with 85 Hz, TR85). Anthropometric parameters, trunk extension and flexion forces and torques, and posture parameters were determined before (n = 58) and after (n = 53: CON: n = 15, TR20: n = 19, TR85: n = 19) a 10 weeks WB-EMS training program (15 applications, 9 exercises). Differences between the groups were calculated for pre- and post-tests using univariate ANOVA and between the test times using repeated (2 × 3) ANOVA. Comparisons of pairs were calculated post hoc based on Fisher (LSD). No differences between the groups were found for the posture parameters. The post hoc analysis of both trunk flexion and trunk extension forces and torques showed a significant difference between the groups TR85 and CON but no difference between the other group pairs. A 10 weeks whole-body electrostimulation training with a stimulation frequency of 85 Hz in contrast to training with a stimulation frequency of 20 Hz improves the trunk muscle strength of an untrained group but does not significantly change posture parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Ludwig
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Joshua Berger
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Stephan Becker
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Fröhlich
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ludwig O. Interrelationship between postural balance and body posture in children and adolescents. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:1154-1158. [PMID: 28744036 PMCID: PMC5509580 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study examined possible interrelationships between postural sway and
posture parameters in children and adolescents with a particular focus on posture
weakness. [Subjects and Methods] 308 healthy children and adolescents (124 girls, 184
boys, aged 12.3 ± 2.5 years) participated in the study. Posture parameters (posture index,
head protrusion, trunk inclination) were determined based on posture photos in the
sagittal plane. Postural sway was measured during 20 seconds on a force plate. The
Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficients between the anthropometric and posture
parameters and the sway path length (SPL) were calculated, as well as the coefficient of
determination R2. [Results] There is a weak but significant correlation between
age or body mass index of the test subjects and the SPL. There is no statistically
significant correlation between posture parameters and the SPL. Children and adolescents
with posture weakness do not exhibit a changed SPL. [Conclusion] Therefore, therapy of
poor posture must be considered separately from therapeutic measures for the improvement
of balance skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Ludwig
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Saarland University, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Spiteri K, Busuttil ML, Aquilina S, Gauci D, Camilleri E, Grech V. Schoolbags and back pain in children between 8 and 13 years: a national study. Br J Pain 2017; 11:81-86. [PMID: 28491300 PMCID: PMC5405972 DOI: 10.1177/2049463717695144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schoolbag weight in schoolchildren is a recurrent and contentious issue within the educational and health sphere. Excessive schoolbag weight can lead to back pain in children, which increases the risk of chronic back pain in adulthood. There is limited research regarding this among the Maltese paediatric population. A cross-sectional study was undertaken across all schools in Malta among students aged 8-13 years (inclusive). Data were collected using a questionnaire detailing schoolbag characteristics, self-reported pain and demographic variables, such as age and gender. Structured interviews with participants were also carried out by physiotherapists. A total of 4005 participants were included in the study, with 20% of the total Malta schoolchildren population. Over 70% of the subjects had a schoolbag that exceeded the recommended 10% bag weight to body ratio. A total of 32% of the sample complained of back pain, with 74% of these defining it as low in intensity on the face pain scale-revised. The presence of back pain was statistically related to gender, body mass index (BMI), school and bag weight to body weight ratio. After adjusting for other factors, self-reported back pain in schoolchildren is independently linked to carrying heavy schoolbags. This link should be addressed to decrease the occurrence of back pain in this age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Spiteri
- Malta Association of Physiotherapists, Gzira, Malta
- Ministry for the Family and Social Solidarity, Valletta, Malta
| | - Maria-Louisa Busuttil
- Malta Association of Physiotherapists, Gzira, Malta
- Ministry for Social Dialogue, Consumer Affairs and Civil Liberties, Valletta, Malta
| | | | - Dorothy Gauci
- Directorate for Health Information and Research, G’Mangia, Malta
| | - Erin Camilleri
- EU Affairs and International Relations, Research and Policy Development Directorate, Ministry for Education and Employment, Floriana, Malta
| | - Victor Grech
- Paediatric Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The prevalence, risk factors, prognosis and treatment for back pain in children and adolescents: An overview of systematic reviews. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2016; 30:1021-1036. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
16
|
Castro J LE, Rodríguez R YL. Tendencias epistemológicas de las acciones de la salud pública. Una revisión desde la fisioterapia. REVISTA FACULTAD NACIONAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA 2015. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rfnsp.v33n2a11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
17
|
Van Wambeke P, Morlion B. The growing burden of musculoskeletal pain and the urgent need for early prevention and detection at young age. Eur J Pain 2014; 18:1221-2. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Van Wambeke
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; University Hospitals Leuven; Belgium
- The Leuven Centre for Algology; University Hospitals Leuven; Belgium
| | - Bart Morlion
- The Leuven Centre for Algology; University Hospitals Leuven; Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The PoSE Project: An Innovative Approach to Promote Healthy Postures in Schoolchildren. LECTURE NOTES OF THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES, SOCIAL INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13293-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|