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Kunwar P, Ransbottom MJ, Soman P. Three-Dimensional Printing of Double-Network Hydrogels: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Future Outlook. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2022; 9:435-449. [PMID: 36660293 PMCID: PMC9590348 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2020.0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used materials due to their biocompatibility, their ability to mimic the hydrated and porous extracellular microenvironment, as well as their ability to tune both mechanical and biochemical properties. However, most hydrogels lack mechanical toughness, and shaping them into complicated three-dimensional (3D) structures remains challenging. In the past decade, tough and stretchable double-network hydrogels (DN gels) were developed for tissue engineering, soft robotics, and applications that require a combination of high-energy dissipation and large deformations. Although DN gels were processed into simple shapes by using conventional casting and molding methods, new 3D printing methods have enabled the shaping of DN gels into structurally complex 3D geometries. This review will describe the state-of-art technologies for shaping tough and stretchable DN gels into custom geometries by using conventional molding and casting, extrusion, and optics-based 3D printing, as well as the key challenges and future outlook in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puskal Kunwar
- Department of Chemical and Bioengineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Mark James Ransbottom
- Department of Chemical and Bioengineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Pranav Soman
- Department of Chemical and Bioengineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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Wu G, Ma F, Liu Z, Liu J, Xue Y, Zhang M, Wen C, Tang B, Lin L. Hybrid composites with magnesium-containing glycosaminoglycans as a chondroconducive matrix for osteoarthritic cartilage repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:1104-1113. [PMID: 35981680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The alteration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis plays an important role in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The pathological changes of OA are mainly manifested in the large reduction of components in ECM, like type II collagen and aggrecan, especially hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate and often accompanied by inflammation. Rebuilding ECM and inhibiting inflammation may reverse OA progression. In this work, we developed new magnesium-containing glycosaminoglycans (Mg-GAGs), to create a positive ECM condition for promoting cartilage regeneration and alleviating OA. In vitro results suggested that the introduction of Mg-GAGs contributed to promoting chondrocyte proliferation and facilitated upregulating chondrogenic genes and suppressed inflammation-related factors. Moreover, Mg-GAGs exhibited positive effects on suppressing synovial inflammation, reducing chondrocyte apoptosis and preserving the subchondral bone in the ACLT-induced OA rabbit model. This study provides new insight into ECM-based therapeutic strategy and opens a new avenue for the development of novel OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Wu
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fenbo Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Liu
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yizhebang Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, PR China.
| | - Lijun Lin
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Jung A, Makkar P, Amirian J, Lee BT. A novel hybrid multichannel biphasic calcium phosphate granule-based composite scaffold for cartilage tissue regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:775-787. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328217741757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to develop a novel hybrid multichannel biphasic calcium phosphate granule (MCG)-based composite system for cartilage regeneration. First, hyaluronic acid-gelatin (HG) hydrogel was coated onto MCG matrix (MCG-HG). Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres was separately prepared and modified with polydopamine subsequent to BMP-7 loading (B). The surface-modified microspheres were finally embedded into MCG-HG scaffold to develop the novel hybrid (MCG-HG-PLGA-PD-B) composite system. The newly developed MCG-HG-PLGA-PD-B composite was then subjected to scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, porosity, compressive strength, swelling, BMP-7 release and in-vitro biocompatibility studies. Results showed that 60% of BMP-7 retained on the granular surface after 28 days. A hybrid MCG-HG-PLGA-PD-B composite scaffold exhibited higher swelling and compressive strength compared to MCG-HG or MCG. In-vitro studies showed that MCG-HG-PLGA-PD-B had improved cell viability and cell proliferation for both MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts and ATDC5 pre-chondrocytes cell line with respect to MCG-HG or MCG scaffold. Our results suggest that a hybrid MCG-HG-PLGA-PD-B composite scaffold can be a promising candidate for cartilage regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Jung
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1 Ssangyoung-Dong, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Preeti Makkar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1 Ssangyoung-Dong, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jhaleh Amirian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1 Ssangyoung-Dong, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1 Ssangyoung-Dong, Cheonan, South Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1 Ssangyoung-Dong, Cheonan, South Korea
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Hyaluronic acid facilitates chondrogenesis and matrix deposition of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells and human chondrocytes co-cultures. Acta Biomater 2017; 52:130-144. [PMID: 28131943 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Clinical success on cartilage regeneration could be achieved by using available biomaterials and cell-based approaches. In this study, we have developed a composite gel based on collagen/hyaluronic acid (Coll-HA) as ideal, physiologically representative 3D support for in vitro chondrogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) co-cultured with human articular chondrocytes (hAC). The incorporation of hyaluronic acid (HA) attempted to provide an additional stimulus to the hAMSCs for chondrogenesis and extracellular matrix deposition. Coll-HA gels were fabricated by directly mixing different amounts of HA (0-5%) into collagen solution before gelation. hACs and hAMSCs were co-cultured at different ratios from 100% to 0% in steps of 25%. Thus, five different co-culture groups were tested in the various Coll-HA 3D matrices. HA greatly impacted the cell viability and proliferation as well as the mechanical properties of the Coll-HA gel. The effective Young's modulus changed from 5.8 to 9.0kPa with increasing concentrations of HA in the gel. In addition, significantly higher amounts of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) were detected that seemed to be dependent on HA content. The highest HA concentration used (5%) resulted in the lowest Collagen type X (Col10) expression for most of the cell culture groups. Unexpectedly, culturing in these gels was also associated with decreased SOX9 and Collagen type II (Col2) expression, while Collagen type III (Col3) and metalloproteinase 13 notably increased. By using 1% HA, a positive effect on SOX9 expression was observed in the co-culture groups. In addition, a significant increase in GAGs production was also detected. Regarding co-culturing, the group with 25% hAMSCs+75% hACs was the most chondrogenic one considering SOX9 and Col2 expression as well as GAGs production. This group showed negligible Col10 expression after 35days of culture independently of the gel used. It also featured the highest effective Young's modulus (9.9kPa) when cultivated in the 1% HA matrix. Concerning the level of dissolved oxygen in situ, the groups with a higher amount of hAMSCs showed lower oxygen levels (40-58% O2) compared to hACs (63-74% O2). This might be attributed to the higher cellular metabolism and proliferation rate of the hAMSCs. Interestingly, lower oxygen was detected in the HA-containing gels when compared to plain collagen. This may contribute to the better chondrogenesis observed in these groups. Altogether, our results indicated that HA may favor chondrogenesis, but its effect highly depends on the concentration used. Additionally, co-culture of hACs with hAMSCs also favors chondrogenesis and especially increases extracellular matrix production and decreases hypertrophy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In the clinical situation, large cartilage defects can be treated with MACT. However, this is a two-stage procedure, which increases the risk for the patient. Moreover, culturing chondrocytes leads to dedifferentiation. The matrix used for MACT is a collagen-based scaffold. In this study, it was demonstrated that hyaluronic acid, a natural component of the extracellular matrix, supplementation to a collagen hydrogel stimulates chondrogenic differentiation in a dose dependent manner. 1% HA showed the best overall results. Furthermore, exchanging 25% of human articular chondrocytes with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells didn't change the chondrogenic potential, but reduced going in unwanted pathways and improved biomechanical properties. This could translate to a one-step procedure and shows the potential of inducing differentiation by natural biomaterials.
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Mahapatra C, Jin GZ, Kim HW. Alginate-hyaluronic acid-collagen composite hydrogel favorable for the culture of chondrocytes and their phenotype maintenance. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:538-546. [PMID: 30603434 PMCID: PMC6170835 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-0059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage has limited regeneration capacity, thus significant challenge has been made to restore the functions. The development of hydrogels that can encapsulate and multiply cells, and then effectively maintain the chondrocyte phenotype is a meaningful strategy to this cartilage repair. In this study, we prepared alginate-hyaluronic acid based hydrogel with type I collagen being incorporated, namely Alg-HA-Col composite hydrogel. The incorporation of Col enhanced the chemical interaction of molecules, and the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of the resultant hydrogels. The primary chondrocytes isolated from rat cartilage were cultured within the composite hydrogel and the cell viability recorded revealed active proliferation over a period of 21 days. The mRNA levels of chondrocyte phenotypes, including SOX9, collagen type II, and aggrecan, were significantly up-regulated when the cells were cultured within the Alg-HA-Col gel than those cultured within the Alg-HA. Furthermore, the secretion of sulphated glycosaminoglycan, a cartilage-specific matrix molecule, was recorded higher in the collagen-added composite hydrogel. Although more in-depth studies are required such as the in vivo functions, the currently-prepared Alg-HA-Col composite hydrogel is considered to provide favorable 3-dimensional matrix conditions for the cultivation of chondrocytes. Moreover, the cell-cultured constructs may be useful for the cartilage repair and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmaya Mahapatra
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116 Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Guang-Zhen Jin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116 Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116 Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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Yoshioka Y, Kozawa E, Urakawa H, Arai E, Futamura N, Zhuo L, Kimata K, Ishiguro N, Nishida Y. Inhibition of hyaluronan synthesis alters sulfated glycosaminoglycans deposition during chondrogenic differentiation in ATDC5 cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 144:167-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Double network (DN) hydrogels as promising soft-and-tough materials intrinsically possess extraordinary mechanical strength and toughness due to their unique contrasting network structures, strong interpenetrating network entanglement, and efficient energy dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Henan Polytechnic University
- Jiaozuo
- China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
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Nagamine K, Abe Y, Kai H, Kaji H, Nishizawa M. Highly stretchable cell-cultured hydrogel sheet. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A free-standing cell-cultured hydrogel sheet with stretchability was prepared for an in vitro cellular assay with mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Nagamine
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | - Yuina Abe
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kai
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | - Matsuhiko Nishizawa
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
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Sato E, Ando T, Ichikawa J, Okita G, Sato N, Wako M, Ohba T, Ochiai S, Hagino T, Jacobson R, Haro H. High molecular weight hyaluronic acid increases the differentiation potential of the murine chondrocytic ATDC5 cell line. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:1619-27. [PMID: 25196420 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a group of common, chronic, and painful inflammatory joint diseases. One important finding in OA patients is a remarkable decrease in the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (HA) in the synovial fluid of affected joints. Therapeutic HA is available to patients in most parts of the world as a viscosupplementation product for the treatment of OA. Previous clinical reports show that high molecular weight HA (HMWHA) more effectively relieves pain than low molecular weight HA (LMWHA). However, the mechanism behind this finding remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether a LMWHA (Low-0.9 MDa) and two types of HMWHA (High-1.9 MDa and 6 MDa) differentially affected chondroregulatory action. We tested this using ATDC5 cell, a murine chondrocytic cell line widely used in culture systems to study chondrogenic differentiation. We found that HMWHA, especially hylan G-F 20 (High-6 MDa), significantly induced aggrecan and proteoglycan accumulation, nodule formation, and mRNA expression of chondrogenic differentiation markers in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, we showed that HMWHA prevented TNF-α induced inhibition of chondrogenic differentiation, with no effect on cell proliferation or viability. These results reveal that HMWHA significantly promotes chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, and suggest that HMWHA plays a significant chondroregulatory role in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kikyougahara Hospital, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
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Kitamura N, Kurokawa T, Fukui T, Gong JP, Yasuda K. Hyaluronic acid enhances the effect of the PAMPS/PDMAAm double-network hydrogel on chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:222. [PMID: 24997593 PMCID: PMC4107725 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A double-network (DN) gel, which was composed of poly-(2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) and poly-(N,N’-dimethyl acrylamide) (PAMPS/PDMAAm), has the potential to induce chondrogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. The present study investigated whether DN gel induced chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in a maintenance medium without insulin, and whether supplementation of hyaluronic acid enhanced the chondrogenic differentiation effect of DN gel. Methods ATDC5 cells were cultured on the DN gel and the polystyrene (PS) dish in maintenance media without insulin for 21 days. Hyaluronic acid having a molecular weight of approximately 800 kDa was supplemented into the medium so that the concentration became 0.01, 0.1, or 1.0 mg/mL. The cultured cells were evaluated using immunocytochemistry for type-2 collagen and real time PCR for gene expression of type-2 collagen, aggrecan, and Sox9 at 7 and 21 days of culture. Results The cells cultured on the DN gel formed nodules and were stained with an anti-type-2 collagen antibody, and expression of type-2 collagen and aggrecan mRNA was significantly greater on the DN gel than on the PS dish surface (p < 0.05) in the hyaluronic acid-free maintenance medium. Hyaluronic acid supplementation of a high concentration (1.0 mg/mL) significantly enhanced expression of type-2 collagen and aggrecan mRNA in comparison with culture without hyaluronic acid at 21 days (p < 0.05). Conclusions The DN gel induced chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells without insulin. This effect was significantly affected by hyaluronic acid, depending on the level of concentration. There is a high possibility that hyaluronic acid plays an important role in the in vivo hyaline cartilage regeneration phenomenon induced by the DN gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuto Kitamura
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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