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Adeyemo YI, Karimi M, Oziegbe E, Popoola BO, Alade M, Shamshiri AR, Murtomaa HT, Oni TO, Eigbobo JO, Onyejaka NK, Olatosi OO, Nzomiwu CL, Malami AB, Chukwumah NM, Soyoye OA, Khami MR, Foláyan MNO. Factors associated with dental clinic use by clients in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:811. [PMID: 39020315 PMCID: PMC11256443 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nigeria, like many other countries, faced challenges in dental care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitating limited care to emergencies only. However, the impact of restricted access to dental services on oral health remains a concern, particularly with preventive maintenance care. This study aims to identify the factors associated with dental service utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic among patients attending dental clinics in Nigeria, and their sources of information about COVID-19. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 500 participants who had visited dental clinics before and during the pandemic. Data were collected through telephone interviews and online questionnaires between September and December 2021. Inferential analyses were conducted using ordered logistic regression models to assess the association between the independent (awareness of emergency dental treatments, knowledge of COVID-19 transmission routes in dentistry, awareness of required preparations in dental practice settings, fear of COVID-19 infection in dental settings), and dependent (utilization of dental services during the pandemic) variables after adjusting for confounding variables (age, sex, educational status, COVID-19 vaccinations status and COVID-19 status of live-in residents). The sources of COVID-19 information by dental patients was also identified. Statistical significance was established at 95% confidence level with a p value < 0.05. RESULTS Many participants were males (51.2%) and had tertiary education (61.6%). Fear of COVID-19 infection in dental settings was significantly associated with lower odds of utilizing dental care services during the pandemic (Adjusted Odds Ratio: -0.06, 95% Confidence Interval: -0.08, -0.01). The main sources of COVID-19 information were mass media and social networks, with only 42% receiving information from dental professionals. CONCLUSION Fear of COVID-19 infection in dental settings significantly influenced dental service utilization during the pandemic. Strategies to address fear and improve communication channels between dental professionals and patients are essential for promoting oral health during similar crises.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahsa Karimi
- Department of Community Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elizabeth Oziegbe
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | | | - Michael Alade
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Reza Shamshiri
- Department of Community Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heikki T Murtomaa
- Department of Oral Public Health, Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tosin Olajide Oni
- Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Joycelyn Odegua Eigbobo
- Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Nneka Kate Onyejaka
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nsukka Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola Olamide Olatosi
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Chioma Love Nzomiwu
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Nneka Maureen Chukwumah
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Khami
- Department of Community Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morẹ Nikẹ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan
- Department of Community Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Oral Health Initiative, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
- Africa Oral Health Network, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Sun J, Meng J, Shan J, Lu H, Wei W, Zhang S, Zhang L. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to tooth loss and dentures among patients with dental arch deficiencies. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1810. [PMID: 38971726 PMCID: PMC11227721 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth loss is a common problem that affects many people worldwide. Exploring knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among patients can identify barriers and challenges in following recommended practices, providing valuable insights for dental healthcare providers, policymakers, and researchers. This study aimed to explore the KAP of patients with dental arch deficiencies regarding tooth loss and dentures. METHODS This web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with dental arch deficiencies using a self-designed questionnaire. RESULT 3166 valid questionnaires were included. Participants' mean KAP scores were 6.84 ± 2.27 (possible range: 0 ~ 12), 39.4 ± 3.72 (possible range: 9 ~ 45), and 27.7 ± 4.36 (possible range: 8 ~ 40), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge (OR = 1.383), employed (OR = 1.805), family history (OR = 2.158), and treatment (OR = 1.683) were independently associated with attitude. Moreover, knowledge (OR = 1.239), attitude (OR = 1.250), female (OR = 0.619), age (OR = 0.967), college/bachelor (OR = 0.373), and master and above degree (OR = 0.418), employed (OR = 0.554) or student (OR = 0.434), with 10,001-20,000 Yuan household income per month (OR = 0.492), have been married (OR = 0.609), smoking (OR = 0.595), drinking (OR = 0.397), disease duration (OR = 0.972), with family history (OR = 1.676), and with treatment (OR = 3.492) were independently associated with practice (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with dental arch deficiencies have insufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and moderate practice toward tooth loss and dentures, which might be affected by multiple demographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Jinan Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicine, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Junru Meng
- Hospital Infection Management Office, Jinan Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicine, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Jianliang Shan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jinan Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicine, Jinan Stomatologic Hospital Shungeng Branch, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Huijun Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jinan Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicine, Jinan Stomatological Hospital East Branch, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, No.52, Huanshan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Jinan Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicine, Jinan Stomatological Hospital East Branch, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, No.52, Huanshan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Cosmetic Dentistry, Jinan Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicine, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, No.82, Wei'er Road, Shizhong District, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China.
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Dental service utilization in the general adult population in Bangladesh. J Public Health Dent 2024. [PMID: 38807250 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES With the help of a national community-based survey, the analysis aimed to estimate the number of adults in Bangladesh who used dental services (DSU). METHODS The 8185 participants (18-69 years old) in the Bangladesh cross-sectional STEPS survey in 2018 provided national data for analysis. Predisposing, enabling, and need factors for DSU were included in the interview data, physical examinations, and biochemical analyses. To estimate the DSU (last 12 months) predictors, Poisson regression was employed. RESULTS Seven out of 10 participants (71.0%) had never DSU, 13.2% within the past 12 months, and 15.9% more than 12 months ago. In terms of predisposing factors, the final model showed a negative relationship between past 12-month DSU and living in the northern region (adjusted prevalence ratio-APR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.96). The enabling factors of living in an urban area (APR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.41) and seeing a doctor or other healthcare provider within the previous year (APR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.74) were positively correlated with DSU. In terms of need factors, dental pain (APR: 15.37, 95% CI: 9.68, 24.40), multimorbidity (APR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.55), oral health impact (OHI) speech problem (APR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.63), and OHI felt tense (APR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.64) were positively associated with DSU. CONCLUSIONS A low proportion of participants had DSU in the past 12 months and several associated factors were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Afolabi AAA, Afolabi AO, Foláyan MNO. Validation of an online version of the rapid estimate of adult literacy in dentistry-30 for use by medical and dental students in Nigeria. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:485. [PMID: 38649881 PMCID: PMC11034054 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need for online adaptations of research instruments became more pronounced amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to modify the REALD-30 for online application (eREALD-30) and evaluate its content validity and internal reliability among medical and dental students in Nigeria. METHODS The eREALD-30 required participants to identify if each of the listed words were related to dentistry by ticking either a 'yes' or 'no' response with the option to mark 'don't know' for words they were unsure about. Scores ranged from 0 to 30. Five oral health experts reviewed the eREALD-30 for cultural appropriateness, while content validity was evaluated by 10 medical and dental students. Internal reliability was assessed with 320 students recruited from 15 medical and dental schools spanning the country's six geopolitical zones. These students also completed an oral health status assessment tool. Data collection utilized an online survey platform. Validity of the eREALD-30 was determined through correlation analysis between eREALD-30 scores and the oral health status assessment tool. Furthermore, binary logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the assocations between participants' oral health status and their oral health literacy, adjusting for age, sex, and level of medical and dental education. RESULTS Out of the respondents, 178 (55.6%) exhibited poor oral health literacy, while 205 (64.1%) reported having good oral health status. Those with good oral health literacy demonstrated significantly higher odds of having good oral health status (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.02-2.54; p = 0.04). However, individuals with good oral health literacy had increased odds of good oral health status after adjusting for confounding factors,, though this association did not retain statistical significance (AOR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.86-2.24; p = 0.17). The eREALD-30 displayed strong internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.933), indicating its reliability in assessing oral health literacy levels, alongside a high content validity score of 0.90. CONCLUSION The study finding suggests that the e-version of the REALD-30 was reliable and valid for use among medical and dental students in Nigeria.
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Opoku P, Salu S, Azornu CK, Komesuor J. Oral health knowledge, practice and associated factors among Junior High School students of Koforidua, Ghana: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:449. [PMID: 38609937 PMCID: PMC11015567 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral disease poses a significant public health burden for many countries and affects individuals throughout their lifetime, causing pain, disfigurement, impairment of function and reduced quality of life. Among children and adolescents globally, there is a recognized trend of poor oral hygiene, attributed to the accumulation of plaque and calculus deposits that increase with age. This study assessed the knowledge, practice and factors associated with the practice of oral hygiene among Junior High School students (JHS) in Koforidua, in the Eastern Region of Ghana. METHODS A school-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 233 JHS students in Koforidua township using a multistage sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including frequency, percentage, and Pearson's Chi-square test, were conducted. The results were interpreted using tables and graphs. RESULTS Findings from the study revealed that more than half 126 (54.1%) of the respondents had a good level of knowledge of oral hygiene. The majority 130 (55.8%) of them also had good oral hygiene practice. The findings further indicated that a significant relationship was found between the class or education level of students and good oral hygiene practice (χ2 = 17.36, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Overall, the current study found that over half of the JHS students had good knowledge as well as practice of oral hygiene. This reinforces the significance of oral health education and awareness campaigns, especially in school settings, to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to oral hygiene. The study however found only class or education level of students to be statistically associated with the practice of oral hygiene. While other variables did not reach statistical significance, our research serves as a starting point for further investigation and exploration of the various factors that may contribute to oral hygiene practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Precious Opoku
- Public Health Unit, New Juaben North Municipal Health Directorate, Koforidua, Ghana.
| | - Samuel Salu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | | | - Joyce Komesuor
- Department of Population and Behavioral Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
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Gizaw Z, Demissie NG, Gebrehiwot M, Bitew BD, Nigusie A. Oral hygiene practices and associated factors among rural communities in northwest Ethiopia. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:315. [PMID: 38461252 PMCID: PMC10924987 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor oral hygiene affects the overall health and quality of life. However, the oral hygiene practice in rural communities and contributing factors are not well documented. Accordingly, this study was conducted to assess oral hygiene practices and associated factors among rural communities in northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1190 households. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire, prepared based on a review of relevant literature. The questionnaire comprises socio-demographic information, access to health and hygiene messages, oral hygiene practices, and water quality. We assessed oral hygiene practices with these criteria: mouth wash with clean water in every morning, mouth wash with clean water after eating, brushing teeth regularly, and avoiding gum pricking. Gum pricking in this study is defined as sticking needles or wires into gums to make the gums black for beauty. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with oral hygiene practices. Significant associations were declared on the basis of adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and p-values < 0.05. RESULTS Results showed that all the family members usually washed their mouth with clean water in everyday morning and after eating in 65.2% and 49.6% of the households, respectively. Furthermore, 29.9% of the households reported that all the family members regularly brushed their teeth using toothbrush sticks and one or more of the family members in 14.5% of the households had gum pricking. Overall, 42.9% (95% CI: 39.9, 45.6%) of the households had good oral hygiene practices. Health and/or hygiene education was associated with good oral hygiene practices in the area (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.21). CONCLUSION More than half of the households had poor oral hygiene practices in the area and cleaning of teeth with toothpastes is not practiced in the area, where as gum pricking is practiced in more than one-tenth of the households. The local health department needs provide community-level oral health education/interventions, such as washing mouth with clean water at least twice a day, teeth brushing using indigenous methods such as toothbrush sticks or modern methods such as toothpastes, and avoiding gum pricking to promote oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemichael Gizaw
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Negesu Gizaw Demissie
- Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulat Gebrehiwot
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bikes Destaw Bitew
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Nigusie
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Tadin A, Badrov M. Oral Health Knowledge, Self-Assessed Oral Health Behavior, and Oral Hygiene Practices among the Adult General Population in Croatia. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:88. [PMID: 38200994 PMCID: PMC10778950 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emphasizing the significance of optimal oral health for enhancing overall well-being, this study aimed to investigate oral health knowledge, self-assessed oral health behaviors, and oral hygiene practices within the Croatian general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted online, utilizing a questionnaire collecting sociodemographic characteristics and inquiring about respondents' oral health knowledge, self-assessed oral health status, oral hygiene habits, and use of oral hygiene products. Collected data underwent both descriptive and regression analyses to unveil patterns and relationships within the dataset. RESULTS The respondents showed a high level of knowledge about oral health (median score 9, IQR 7.00-10.00, maximum possible score 10), with significant factors for higher knowledge being engaged in dental professions; above-average socioeconomic status; and the use of an electric brush, dental floss, and interdental brushes (p ˂ 0.05). Insufficient knowledge, on the other hand, was associated with bleeding gums and daily smoking (p ˂ 0.05). Although 69.4% of respondents considered their oral health to be very good, 32.5% reported tooth decay, and 38.2% reported tooth sensitivity. The majority (62.0%) cited regular check-ups as the reason for their last visit to the dentist, with 74.1% feeling no anxiety or discomfort during these visits. Daily toothbrush use was widespread (97.8%), but only 34.1% and 19.1% of respondents reported using floss and/or interdental brushes daily. A remarkable 69.0% of respondents indicated that low oral health literacy and low prioritization contribute to suboptimal oral health. CONCLUSIONS While respondents demonstrated commendable oral health knowledge, the prevalence of reported issues suggests a potential gap between perception and actual oral health status. To address this, targeted educational interventions focusing on comprehensive oral hygiene practices and debunking misconceptions should be prioritized in Croatia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonija Tadin
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marija Badrov
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Poor Self-Rated Oral Health Status and Associated Factors Amongst Adults in Algeria. Int Dent J 2023; 73:701-708. [PMID: 36997423 PMCID: PMC10541454 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the proportion and correlates of self-rated oral health (SROH) can assist in prioritising interventions. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of poor SROH and associated factors in a national community survey amongst adults in Algeria. METHODS This World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPS cross-sectional survey in Algeria in 2016 and 2017 included 6989 people (18-69 years; median age, 37 years) selected by multistage cluster sampling. The assessment included questionnaire information, physical measures, and biochemistry tests. The measures included questions on SROH, oral conditions, oral health behaviour, general health behaviour, and measures of health status. RESULTS The sample included 6989 people aged 18 to 69 years. Of the total sample, 17.1% had removable dentures, 35.5% had 0 to 19 natural teeth, 43.9% had dental pain in the past year, 40.5% had impaired oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), 26.9% cleaned their teeth 2 times/d or more, 79.6% used toothpaste, and 41.2% had visited a dentist in the past year. The prevalence of poor SROH was 37.3%. In the final logistic regression model, older age (45-69 years) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.65), having removable dentures (AOR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.87), dental pain (AOR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.82-2.57), impaired OHRQoL (AOR, 2.69; 95% CI, 2.26-3.20), current smokeless tobacco use (AOR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.12-1.89), and inadequate fruit and vegetable intake (AOR, 2.69; 95% CI, 2.26-3.20) increased the odds of poor SROH. Men (AOR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.65-0.90), having 20 or more teeth (AOR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.28-0.42), twice or more a day teeth cleaning (AOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.60-0.86), and using toothpaste (AOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55-0.82) were protective against poor SROH. CONCLUSIONS Adults in Algeria reported a high prevalence of poor SROH, and several associated factors (sociodemographic, oral conditions, oral and general health-compromising behaviour) were found that can guide in oral health promotion strategies in Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Osuh ME, Oke GA, Lilford RJ, Osuh JI, Lawal FB, Gbadebo SO, Owoaje E, Omigbodun A, Adedokun B, Chen YF, Harris B. Oral health in an urban slum, Nigeria: residents' perceptions, practices and care-seeking experiences. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:657. [PMID: 37689626 PMCID: PMC10492367 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03303-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/INTRODUCTION One of the key recommendations for the new WHO global strategy for oral health is inclusion of disadvantaged populations and their engagement in policy dialogues such that their needs and views are addressed in policy decisions. OBJECTIVES This study explored oral health perceptions, practices and care-seeking experiences of slum residents in Ibadan, Nigeria. METHOD Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with family health-decision makers in an urban slum site. Oral health perceptions, practices, and care-seeking experiences were discussed. FGDs were recorded, transcribed, and translated. ATLAS.ti qualitative research software was deployed for analysis using thematic analysis. RESULTS Six FGD sessions, divided by gender and age, were conducted between September-October 2019, (N = total 58 participants, aged 25 to 59 years). Common dental ailments mentioned were dental pain, tooth sensitivity, bleeding gums, tooth decay, mouth odor, gum disease, and tooth fracture. Perceived causes of dental conditions included poor dental hygiene and habits, sugary diets, ignorance, and supernatural forces. Mouth cleaning was mostly done once daily using toothbrush and paste. Other cleaning tools were ground glass, wood ash, charcoal, "epa Ijebu" (a dentrifice), and "orin ata" (a type of chewing stick). Remedies for relieving dental pain included over-the-counter medicines, warm salted water, gin, tobacco (snuff/powdered), cow urine/dung, battery fluid, and various mixtures/ concoctions. Visits to the dentists were mentioned by a few but this was usually as last resort. Main barriers to accessing care from dental care facilities were unaffordability of service charges and fear of extreme treatment measures (extraction). Suggested measures to improve timely access to dental health care included reducing/subsidizing costs of treatments and medications, offering non-extraction treatment options, and oral health education programmes. CONCLUSION The slum residents experience various forms of dental ailments mostly pain-related. The residents perceived formal dental clinics as unaffordable, thereby engaging in self-care remedies and harmful oral health practices before seeking professional help. Policymakers and decision-makers may leverage this empirical evidence for the people's education on early dental care and address challenges to affordable, available, and acceptable oral healthcare services among slum residents to improve access to care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Osuh
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick, Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
- University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Gbemisola A Oke
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Richard J Lilford
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick, Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Applied Health Research, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jackson I Osuh
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Folake B Lawal
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Shakeerah O Gbadebo
- University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Eme Owoaje
- University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Akinyinka Omigbodun
- University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Yen-Fu Chen
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick, Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Bronwyn Harris
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick, Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Borges RDC, Echeverria MS, Karam SA, Horta BL, Demarco FF. Use of dental services among adults from a birth cohort in the South region of Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2023; 57:47. [PMID: 37585946 PMCID: PMC10392773 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Measure the prevalence of use of dental services in the previous year and associated factors among 31-year-old adults from a birth cohort of 1982. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that analyzed a birth cohort of 1982 from the city of Pelotas. In 1997, a systematic sample of 27% of the city's census sectors was defined and all households in these sectors were visited, where 1,076 15-year-old adolescents were interviewed. For the oral health studies, 900 of these individuals were randomly selected and followed up at 24 and 31 years of age. The study used data collected from 523 individuals in 2013 (at 31 years old). The outcome was visit to the dentist (use of dental services) in the previous year. Demographic factors (sex), socioeconomic factors (income, education), and oral health factors (reason and type of service, self-perception of oral health, dental pain and caries experience - DMFT) were used as independent variables. Prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression. RESULTS The prevalence of use of dental services in the previous year was 55.3% (95%CI: 51.0-59.5%). In the adjusted analysis, the reason and type of service, self-perception of oral health, and DMFT were associated with the outcome. A stronger association was found with use of dental services in individuals who visited for prevention and used the private service, who were satisfied with their oral health, and who had more caries experiences. CONCLUSION 55.3% of the cohort sample used dental services in the previous year. Individuals who visited the dentist of private service for preventive reasons, who were very satisfied with their oral health, used these services in a higher proportion. In addition, a higher DMFT index also led to higher use of services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela do Carmo Borges
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de MedicinaPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Mariana Silveira Echeverria
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de MedicinaPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Sarah Arangurem Karam
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de MedicinaPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de OdontologiaPrograma de Pós-graduação em OdontologiaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Odontologia. Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Bernardo Lessa Horta
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de MedicinaPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de MedicinaPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de OdontologiaPrograma de Pós-graduação em OdontologiaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Odontologia. Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
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Konstantopoulou K, Kossioni AE. Association between Oral Hygiene Information Sources and Daily Dental and Denture Care Practices in Urban Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082881. [PMID: 37109220 PMCID: PMC10142920 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore the sources of daily oral hygiene information among urban community-dwelling older adults in Athens, Greece and associate them with their dental and denture care habits. One hundred and fifty-four older adults (aged 71.7 ± 9.2 years) participated in the study, and their dental status, denture use, daily oral care habits according to current gerodontology recommendations, and oral care information sources were investigated. Daily oral hygiene practices were poor, and a small number of individuals recalled having received oral hygiene advice from a dentist. Only 41.7% of the 139 dentate participants performed toothbrushing with fluoride-based toothpaste at least twice a day, and 35.9% completed regular interdental cleaning. Among 54 denture wearers, 68.5% removed their denture(s) at night, and 54% cleaned them at least twice a day. Oral hygiene information sources included dentists (for approximately half of the participants), media, friends/relatives, non-dental health care providers and dental technicians. Dentate participants who had received oral hygiene information from dentists had a greater probability of brushing their teeth with fluoride toothpaste at least twice a day (p = 0.049, OR = 2.15) and performing regular interdental cleaning (p < 0.001, OR = 29.26). Denture wearers who had received instructions about denture hygiene from dentists were more likely to use a brush and mild soap (p = 0.016, OR = 14.67) and remove their denture(s) at night (p = 0.003, OR = 8.75). Dentists should improve their oral health prevention and promotion strategies for their older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Konstantopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassia E Kossioni
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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12
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An R, Wu Z, Liu M, Zhao Y, Chen W. Oral health behavior and oral health service utilization among cancer patients in China: A multicenter cross-sectional study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1027835. [PMID: 37152038 PMCID: PMC10155684 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1027835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PurposeOral health plays an important role in overall health. But there is scarce information available on oral health behavior and oral health service utilization among cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate oral health behavior and oral health service utilization among different population groups of cancer patients in China.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional study in three tertiary hospitals was conducted to explore the oral health behaviors and oral health service utilization of 162 cancer patients in China.ResultsWe investigated a total of 162 cancer patients, 81 from urban and rural areas, respectively. The participant’s ages ranged from 18 and 82 years, mean age was 44.62 years (SD = 15.72). Overall, cancer patients have poor oral health behaviors and limited oral health service utilization. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between urban and rural cancer patients in terms of oral health behaviors, including brushing methods, the use of fluoride toothpaste, the use of dental floss, dental caries, and bleeding gums while brushing teeth. As for oral health service utilization, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between urban and rural cancer patients on regular dental cleaning, the reasons for visiting a dental clinic, and whether they took the initiative to learn about oral health.ConclusionThe study findings suggest that cancer patients had poor oral health behaviors and limited oral health service utilization, and rural patients perform poorer than their urban counterparts. Oral health education should be provided to cancer patients to improve their oral health behaviors and oral health service utilization.
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Ibigbami OI, Folayan MO, Oginni O, Lusher J, Sam-Agudu NA. Moderating effects of resilience and self-esteem on associations between self-reported oral health problems, quality of oral health, and mental health among adolescents and adults in Nigeria. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285521. [PMID: 37172037 PMCID: PMC10180595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an intersection between oral and mental health though the studies on these intersections are few. This study investigated associations between self-reported oral health problems, quality of oral health, and depression and general anxiety among adolescents and adults in Nigeria; and analysed the moderating effects of resilience and self-esteem on these associations. METHODS In this secondary analysis, data were extracted from the database of an online survey conducted among participants 13 years and older and living in Nigeria about their self-reported psychological wellbeing. The data was collected between September and October 2020. Dependent variables were self-reported presence of oral health problems (yes/no) and self-reported quality of oral health (using a five-item scale ranging from "very good" to "very poor"). Independent variables were depressive and anxiety symptoms. Moderating factors evaluated were resilience and self-esteem. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations between the dependent and independent variables after adjusting for confounders (age, sex, employment status and educational status). A path analysis was conducted to determine the moderating effects of self-esteem and resilience on associations between dependent and independent variables. RESULTS We extracted data for 2,757 adolescents and adults aged 13 to 62 years, of which 2,062 (74.8%) reported having oral health problems and 925 (33.6%) reported poor quality of oral health. Higher levels of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with higher odds of oral health problems (AOR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04-1.10; p<0.001). Higher levels of depressive symptoms (AOR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03-1.07; p<0.001), and higher levels of anxiety symptoms (AOR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04-1.11; p<0.001) were significantly associated with poor quality of oral health. Resilience significantly moderated the association between anxiety symptoms and oral health problems (AOR = -0.004; 95% CI: -0.006 --0.001; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Depression may be a risk indicator for self-reported oral health problems, while depression and anxiety appear to be risk indicators for self-reported poor quality of oral health. These factors could be included as confounders in future studies on oral health problems and quality of oral health among adolescents and adults in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria
- Community Oral Health Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Olakunle Oginni
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Provost's Group, Regent's University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia A Sam-Agudu
- International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Amoah PA, Boateng MO, Koduah AO, Acheampong PR. Interplay of health literacy, healthcare access and health behaviors with oral health status among older persons. Front Public Health 2022; 10:997987. [PMID: 36568738 PMCID: PMC9784911 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study contributes to the ongoing debate on social determinants of oral health of older persons. Specifically, it examines the direct and indirect effects of health literacy and access to healthcare on oral health status of older persons. The study also investigates whether general health status and health behavior (routine medical check-ups) explain the association of health literacy and healthcare access with oral health status. The gender dimensions of these relationships are also explored. Data were derived from 522 participants aged 50 years and older located in five regions in Ghana. Path analyses in structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to analyse the data. General health status (β = -0.049, p < 0.005), medical check-up (β = 0.124, p < 0.01), and health literacy (β = 0.133, p < 0.01) were positively associated with oral health status. General health status mediated the positive relationship between health literacy and oral health status (β = 0.048, p < 0.01). General health status (β = 0.016, p < 0.05) and medical check-ups (β = 0.025, p < 0.05) mediated the association between access to healthcare and oral health status. The mediational role of routine medical check-up in the association between access to healthcare and oral health status was significantly stronger (B = 0.063, p < 0.01) among men (β = 0.051, p < 0.01) than women (β = 0.003, p > 0.05). Analyses of oral health issues among older persons in Ghana and settings alike must recognize the complex interplay among critical social determinants to initiate pragmatic health and social policy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmore Adusei Amoah
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Graduate Studies, Institute of Policy Studies, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Padmore Adusei Amoah
| | | | - Adwoa Owusuaa Koduah
- Center of Gerontological Nursing, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Princess Ruhama Acheampong
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Rajeh MT. Gender Differences in Oral Health Knowledge and Practices Among Adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2022; 14:235-244. [PMID: 35957700 PMCID: PMC9359402 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s379171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mona T Rajeh
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Mona T Rajeh, Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 502500888, Email
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Amedari MI, Ogunbodede EO, Uti OG, Aborisade AO, Amedari IK. Strengthening the oral health system in Nigeria: A health systems building block approach. Niger Postgrad Med J 2022; 29:173-182. [PMID: 35900452 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_127_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to describe the building blocks of the oral health system, including the role that the community plays in strengthening the oral health system in Nigeria. METHODOLOGY This research was a scoping review of the existing literature retrieved from search engines and databases. Thus, we utilised grey literature, peer-reviewed literature, policy documents and websites. The oral health system was analysed using the World Health Organisation's Health systems framework, and we adapted this framework by introducing a seventh block, community participation. We also inserted the links between the oral health service delivery and oral health workforce blocks of the framework to improve the oral health outcomes. RESULTS More dental clinics are required to improve the availability and accessibility of oral health services. Dental workforce expansion is imperative. This can be approached by training of junior cadre dental professionals and incorporating community health practitioners to deliver basic oral care. There is an unregulated access to medication to treat dental conditions; hence, oral disease treatments need to be included in the country's treatment guidelines to improve standard of care. The government needs to improve on overall health spending and invariably increase oral health care allocation urgently. Furthermore, the country's stewardship of oral health care is hinged on well disseminated and implemented national policies on oral health. The oral health system can achieve its overall goals with community participation, engagement and ownership. CONCLUSION Strengthening the oral health system in Nigeria requires urgent attention on each building block and cross-cutting interventions across the system's building blocks. The role of the community will need to be recognised because it is vital in sustaining any organisational change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mcking Izeiza Amedari
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Eyitope O Ogunbodede
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Omolara G Uti
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adetayo O Aborisade
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Katerine Amedari
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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Differences in Hygiene Habits among Children Aged 8 to 11 Years by Type of Schooling. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9020129. [PMID: 35204850 PMCID: PMC8869967 DOI: 10.3390/children9020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Personal hygiene is one of the basic activities in the care of our body. Parents are responsible for their children’s hygiene to prevent infections and keep them healthy. However, children must acquire hygiene habits correctly and independently. This study examines the sociodemographic profile, hygiene habits and knowledge, and level of autonomy of children who are starting to perform their personal care autonomously to identify the areas in which their habits could be improved. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted concerning 125 children aged 8–11 years attending schools in northern Extremadura, Spain. The children were surveyed with the HICORIN® questionnaire and the resulting data were statistically processed with SPSS 22.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). The majority of participating children required help to perform personal hygiene activities. Children in preferential schooling (PS) require less help than children in mainstream schooling (MS) but have less knowledge about personal hygiene. Different habits were observed in the frequency and time of day for performing personal hygiene between groups (p-values < 0.005). In general, more than 80% of children aged 8 to 11 years are not autonomous in some aspect of their personal hygiene, and they are not all familiar with personal hygiene. Because of this, it is necessary to conduct theory and practical workshops with children who must acquire correct personal hygiene habits autonomously to prevent infection and promote health.
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Osuh ME, Oke GA, Lilford RJ, Owoaje E, Harris B, Taiwo OJ, Yeboah G, Abiona T, Watson SI, Hemming K, Quinn L, Chen YF. Prevalence and determinants of oral health conditions and treatment needs among slum and non-slum urban residents: Evidence from Nigeria. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000297. [PMID: 36962169 PMCID: PMC10021815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oral diseases constitute a neglected epidemic in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). An understanding of its distribution and severity in different settings can aid the planning of preventive and therapeutic services. This study assessed the oral health conditions, risk factors, and treatment needs among adult residents in the slum and compared findings with non-slum urban residents in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Multistage sampling was used to select adult (≥18-years) residents from a slum and a non-slum urban sites. Information sought from participants included dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and the use of dental services. Oral examinations were performed in line with WHO guidelines. Associations were examined using logistic regression. Mediation analysis was undertaken using generalized structural equation modeling. The sample comprised 678 slum and 679 non-slum residents. Median age in slum vs non-slum was 45 (IQR:32-50) versus 38 (IQR:29-50) years. Male: female ratio was 1:2 in both sites. Prevalence of oral diseases (slum vs non-slum sites): dental caries (27% vs 23%), gingival bleeding (75% vs 53%) and periodontal pocket (23% vs 16%). The odds of having dental caries were 21% higher for the slum dwellers compared to non-slum residents (OR = 1.21, 95% CI:0.94 to 1.56); and 50% higher for periodontal pocket (OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.98), after adjusting for age and sex. There was little evidence that tooth cleaning frequency mediated the relationship between place of residence and caries (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.87 to 1.03 [indirect effect], 38% mediated) or periodontal pocket (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.86 to 1.04, 15% mediated). Thirty-five percent and 27% of residents in the slum and non-slum sites respectively required the "prompt and urgent" levels of treatment need. Oral diseases prevalence in both settings are high and the prevalence was generally higher in the slum with correspondingly higher levels of prompt and urgent treatment needs. Participants may benefit from targeted therapeutic and health promotion intervention services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Osuh
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Gbemisola A Oke
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Richard J Lilford
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Eme Owoaje
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bronwyn Harris
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Olalekan John Taiwo
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Yeboah
- Warwick Information and Digital Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Taiwo Abiona
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel I Watson
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Karla Hemming
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Laura Quinn
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Yen-Fu Chen
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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An R, Li S, Li Q, Luo Y, Wu Z, Liu M, Chen W. Oral Health Behaviors and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Dental Patients in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:3045-3058. [PMID: 36387048 PMCID: PMC9651070 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s385386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Oral health plays an important role in overall health. But little is known about the problems with oral health behaviors and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among dental patients in China. This study aimed to investigate oral health behaviors and OHRQoL, as well as to examine the effects of oral health behaviors and associated factors on OHRQoL among dental patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to July 2022 in the Department of Stomatology of the First Mobile General Hospital of Armed Police, Hebei, China. The five-item short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5) was used to evaluate OHRQoL. Oral health behaviors were assessed by a 16-items oral health behavior questionnaire, and socio-demographic data were collected by a socio-demographic questionnaire. The t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to investigate the associations between the study variables. RESULTS 186 participants were included in the study. The average age of the participants was 24.62 years (SD = 10.67). The mean OHIP-5 score was 4.31 (SD =3.35). Oral health-related quality of life differed significantly by smoking history, history of alcohol consumption, work status, economic pressure, self-rated oral health status, daily brushing frequency, dental caries condition, and whether they take the initiative to learn about oral health. Multivariate analysis found that the self-rated oral health status and work status were significantly associated with the OHIP scores. The retired people and those with poor self-rated oral health displayed poor OHRQoL. CONCLUSION In general, dental patients' oral health needs to be improved, the majority of patients reported practicing poor oral health behaviors, among which the retired population and hose with poor self-rated oral health showed poor OHRQoL. OHRQoL in dental patients is a complex issue associated with social and behavioral factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Li
- The First Mobile Corps Hospital of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Baoding, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zitong Wu
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meizi Liu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Chen
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University
- Correspondence: Wenfeng Chen, Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, 410008, Email
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Hewlett SA, Anto F, Blankson PK, Tormeti D, Ayettey-Adamafio M, Bayitse P, Danso-Appiah T, Amoah AG. Periodontitis prevalence and severity in an African population: A cross-sectional study in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. J Periodontol 2021; 93:732-744. [PMID: 34724216 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a major public health problem affecting many adults, with considerable variation in its prevalence and severity worldwide. There is little data on its prevalence or associated risk factors in Ghana making development of evidence based preventive programs challenging. This study assessed the prevalence, severity, extent and associated risk factors of periodontitis in an adult Ghanaian population. METHODS A population based cross-sectional study involving adults aged 25 years and above in the Greater Accra Region (GAR) of Ghana. A random stratified two-stage sampling method was used to select participants from rural and urban communities. Data on socio-demographic and risk factors was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A full mouth periodontal examination was carried out to diagnose and describe the severity of periodontitis following the CDC-AAP case definition. RESULTS A total of 729 participants were included in the study, with a mean age of 43.9 ±14.6 years and 61% being female. Majority (84.8%) presented with gingivitis, 46.7% had periodontitis with 41.8% having both, and 13.9% had severe periodontitis. The mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) was 1.36 ±0.67mm and 1.41 ±0.57mm for probing pocket depth (PPD). Factors associated with periodontitis included, increasing age, smoking and alcohol use, being Muslim provided lower odds of disease. Older people, former smoking, being underweight and not having health insurance was associated with severe periodontitis. CONCLUSION This study shows a high burden of periodontitis with comparatively more severe disease. Existing socio-demographic disparities in disease burden highlights the need of developing targeted population based preventive programs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ama Hewlett
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Francis Anto
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, University of Ghana School of Public Health Accra, Ghana
| | - Paa Kwesi Blankson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ghana Dental School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Daniel Tormeti
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mary Ayettey-Adamafio
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Tony Danso-Appiah
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, University of Ghana School of Public Health Accra, Ghana
| | - Albert G Amoah
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
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Rajabloo S, Pakkhesal M, Naghavi Alhosseini A, Ghorbani Z, Rajabi A. Mothers view about oral health status, oral hygiene behaviors, and dental services utilization of their children with hearing impairment attending special schools. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 42:149-154. [PMID: 34561867 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Parents are the principal decision-makers regarding their child's health. Awareness of mothers' view about their children's health, particularly with special health care needs (SHCN) (include hearing impaired children), is essential for health care providers. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the mothers view about oral health status, oral hygiene practices, and dental services utilization of their children with hearing impairment attending special schools. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and September 2020 among mothers of students with hearing impairment attending special schools. Also, the telephone structured interview was used to gathering mothers view. RESULTS 57.4% of the mothers rated their children's oral health status as excellent or good, 27.9% as moderate, and 14.7% as poor. About half of the mothers (49.2%) stated that their children used toothbrushes once daily, and 15% use dental floss. Also, 54% of the children visited the dentist before this survey's conduct. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study suggest that children with hearing impairment can also have good oral health status and behaviors. These results may be attributed to the fact that the study sample was taken from two special schools. Also, only the mothers' perception assessment of students' oral health status was done. Further studies are required to increase the strength of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soofia Rajabloo
- School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mina Pakkhesal
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Ghorbani
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhalim Rajabi
- Department of Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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22
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and Correlates of Dental Service Utilization among Adults in Solomon Islands. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:166-172. [PMID: 34036078 PMCID: PMC8118046 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_400_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess dental service utilization (DSU) among adults in a Pacific Island country. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional nationally representative survey in Solomon Islands, 2,533 individuals (18–69 years) responded to questions on DSU, sociodemographic and health information in 2015. Results: More than half of the participants (55.3%) never had DSU, 36.4% had more than 12 months DSU, and 8.3% had past 12 months DSU. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, older age, ever screened for blood pressure, using toothpaste, and having had pain in teeth, gum, or mouth in the past year were associated with both >12 months and past 12 months DSU. Higher education, ever screened for cholesterol, being divorced, separated, or widowed, poor self-rated oral health (SROH), and experienced difficulty in chewing foods in the past 12 months were associated with >12 months or past 12 months DSU. High physical activity was negatively associated with >12 months DSU. Conclusion: Less than one in ten participants had past 12 months DSU and several factors were found, which can be targeted in interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
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23
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Idon PI, Sotunde OA, Ogundare TO, Yusuf J, Makanjuola JO, Mohammed A, Igweagu CE, Alalade O. Access to root canal treatment in a Nigerian sub-population: assessment of the effect of dental health insurance. Afr Health Sci 2021; 21:470-477. [PMID: 34394329 PMCID: PMC8356604 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v21i1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The final pathway of tooth mortality lies between tooth extraction, and the more expensive and less accessible root canal treatment (RCT). Aim To determine the extent to which individuals' financial resources as measured by socioeconomic status and dental insurance coverage affects their access to RCT. Methods A hospital-based study that used a 15-item questionnaire to collect data among patients scheduled for RCT. All scheduled subjects (N = 291) over a one-year period constituted the sample for the study. Using the SPSS software, associations between the subjects' variables, and the dental insurance status were carried out with Chi square and independent t test respectively at 95% confidence interval. Results Two hundred and ninety-one subjects were to have 353 RCTs within the study period. A high proportion (79.7%, p < 0.001) of the subjects had dental health insurance, majority (95.3%) of which was government funded. 20.9% of those with previous tooth loss was due to inability to afford cost of RCT. The lowest socioeconomic group had the highest proportion (90%, p = 0.421) of insured that visited for RCT. Conclusion Dental insurance increased access to RCT. Socioeconomic status did not affect dental insurance status and dental visit for RCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ikhodaro Idon
- Department of Dental Surgery, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Olawale Akeem Sotunde
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Janada Yusuf
- Department of Dental Surgery, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - John Oluwatosin Makanjuola
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Surulere, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Abdulmumini Mohammed
- Department of Dental Surgery, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | | | - Olusegun Alalade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
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Bojović MD, Kesić LG, Mitić AN, Kocić B, Obradović RR, Ignjatović A, Burić N, Jovanović M, Petrović MS. Oral Health-Related Risk Factors Among Students in Southeast Serbia. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e929375. [PMID: 33596184 PMCID: PMC7898551 DOI: 10.12659/msm.929375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An association between insufficient or irregular oral hygiene with the occurrence of dental caries, gingival/periodontal diseases, and consequently general diseases has been established. The null hypothesis that there is no difference in the oral health status among students in a preclinical medical program and those who went through a clinical medical program was tested. The main objective of the study was to analyze oral health risk factors (oral hygiene practices, attitudes, and behavior) as well as their impact on oral health by using convenience sampling. Material/Methods We investigated risk factors for oral health conditions by examining oral hygiene practices, attitudes, and behaviors among the students in the medical program of the University of Niš, collecting data using questionnaires. The study included 396 students of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, and vocational studies. Participants filled out the anonymous questionnaire. Results In both groups, parents were mostly employed, with the representation of employed fathers significantly higher in student group 1 (P<0.05), which is also the only statistically significant difference between the groups. In terms of oral hygiene practices, students were most often trained by parents (68.69%). A very high percentage of students brushed their teeth every day (97.22%), and 54.55% did this twice a day. Of the total number of students, 78.28% thought that it was necessary to use interdental brushes/floss/toothpick. The duration of teeth cleaning was 3 minutes in 39.39%, whereas 55.30% thought that it should be longer than 3 minutes. The most common brushing movements were combined movements and were used by 60.35% of all students. Of all students, 253 (63.89%) never smoked, 182 (49.96%) regularly went to the dentist, and 141 (35.61%) visited the dentist 6 months ago. The majority of students, 265 (66.92%), obtained the greatest amount of information about oral and tooth care from their dentist, which was the case in both age groups. Conclusions This study highlights oral health risk factors among students at the University of Niš. It is essential to determine their oral health knowledge, as it is of great significance both to patients and to students. Also, these students will be the major providers of health services and will be responsible for public oral health promotion. It could help in reformation of the oral health education program. The results of this research indicate that it is necessary to educate preclinical students to solve oral health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija D Bojović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana G Kesić
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar N Mitić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Biljana Kocić
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Radmila R Obradović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Ignjatović
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nina Burić
- Inter Dental Clinic, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Marija Jovanović
- Department of Prosthetics, Dental Clinic, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Milica S Petrović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and correlates of dental service utilisation among a national general adult population sample in Sudan. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:61. [PMID: 33573643 PMCID: PMC7879665 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prompt dental service utilisation (DSU) is needed for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, and it is therefore important to determine the facilitators and barriers of DSU. There is, however, scarce information available on DSU in Sudan. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of DSU in a general population-based survey among 18-69 year-old persons in Sudan. METHODS Cross-sectional nationally representative data of 7,722 18-69 year-old persons (36 years median age) from the 2016 Sudan Stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) survey were analysed. Using questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical measures, predisposing, enabling and health and lifestyle factors of DSU were assessed. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to estimate the predictors of DSU (> 12 months and past 12 months, with never DSU as the reference category). RESULTS About two-thirds of the participants (64.6%) had never DSU, 22.0% had more than 12-month DSU, and 13.4% had past 12- month DSU. Among those who had ever DSU, the main reason for the last DSU was pain or trouble with teeth, gums, or mouth (66.9%), treatment or follow-up treatment 22.3%, and routine check-up treatment 5.0%. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, higher education (p < 0.001), urban residence (p < 0.001), screened for blood pressure (p < 0.001), raised total cholesterol (p < 0.05), poor SROH (p < 0.001), pain in teeth or mouth (p < 0.001), and not working because of teeth or mouth (p < 0.01) were positively and not knowing their household income (p < 0.01), high physical activity (p < 0.05), and having 20 or more teeth (p < 0.001), were negatively associated with both > 12 months and past 12 months DSU. Higher household income (p < 0.001), overweight/obesity (p < 0.05), using tooth paste (p < 0.001), and difficulty chewing (p < 0.001), were positively, and male sex (p < 0.01), and teeth cleaning twice or more times a day (p < 0.05), were negatively associated with > 12 months or past 12 months DSU. CONCLUSION More than one in ten participants had past 12 months DSU and several factors were detected which could be targeted in intervention activities. Study findings suggest to improve oral health awareness, in particular stressing the relevance of regular dental check-ups, by using different modalities of oral health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
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Folayan MO, Alimi P, Alade MO, Tantawi ME, Adeniyi AA, Finlayson TL. Validation of maternal report of early childhood caries status in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:336. [PMID: 33238956 PMCID: PMC7687827 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To determine the validity of maternal reports of the presence of early childhood caries (ECC), and to identify maternal variables that increase the accuracy of the reports.
Methods This secondary data analysis included 1155 mother–child dyads, recruited through a multi-stage sampling household approach in Ile-Ife Nigeria. Survey data included maternal characteristics (age, monthly income, decision-making ability) and maternal perception about whether or not her child (age 6 months to 5 years old) had ECC. Presence of ECC was clinically determined using the dmft index. Maternally reported and clinically determined ECC presence were compared using a chi-squared test. McNemar's test was used to assess the similarity of maternal and clinical reports of ECC. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, absolute bias, relative bias and inflation factor were calculated. Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05. Results The clinically-determined ECC prevalence was 4.6% (95% Confidence interval [CI]: 3.5–5.0) while the maternal-reported ECC prevalence was 3.4% (CI 2.4–4.6). Maternal reports underestimated the prevalence of ECC by 26.1% in comparison to the clinical evaluation. The results indicate low sensitivity (9.43%; CI 3.13–20.70) but high specificity (96.9%; CI 95.7–97.9). The positive predictive value was 12.8% (CI 4.3–27.4) while the negative predictive value was 95.7% (CI 94.3–96.8). The inflation factor for maternally reported ECC was 1.4. Sensitivity (50.0%; CI 6.8–93.2) and positive predictive value were highest (33.3%; CI 4.3–77.7) when the child had a history of visiting the dental clinic. Conclusions Mothers under-reported the presence of ECC in their children in this study population. The low sensitivity and positive predictive values of maternal report of ECC indicates that maternal reporting of presence of ECC may not be used as a valid tool to measure ECC in public health surveys. The high specificity and negative predictive values indicate that their report is a good measure of the absence of ECC in the study population. Child’s history of dental service utilization may be a proxy measure of presence of ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Alimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Micheal O Alade
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abiola A Adeniyi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
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Islas-Granillo H, Casanova-Rosado JF, de la Rosa-Santillana R, Casanova-Rosado AJ, Islas-Zarazúa R, Márquez-Corona MDL, Rueda-Ibarra V, Jiménez-Gayosso SI, Navarrete-Hernández JDJ, Medina-Solís CE. Self-reported oral hygiene practices with emphasis on frequency of tooth brushing: A cross-sectional study of Mexican older adults aged 60 years or above. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21622. [PMID: 32898997 PMCID: PMC7478503 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to characterize self-reported oral hygiene practices among Mexican older adults aged ≥60 years, and to measure the association between frequency of tooth brushing and a set of sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and dental variables.We conducted a cross-sectional study of 139 older adults aged ≥60 years in Pachuca, Mexico. A questionnaire and a clinical dental examination were administered to identify specific variables. We determined frequency of tooth brushing (or cleaning of dentures or prostheses) and use of toothpaste, mouthwash, and dental floss among respondents. Non-parametric testing was performed for statistical analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model was generated with Stata 11 software to determine frequency of tooth brushing.In our study sample, 53.2% of participants reported brushing their teeth at least once a day, 50.4% always using toothpaste, 16.5% using mouthwash and 3.6% using floss for their oral hygiene. In general, younger and female respondents used oral hygiene aids more than the others. Our multivariate model yielded an association (P < .05) between tooth brushing at least once daily and the following variables: having functional dentition (OR = 12.60), lacking health insurance (OR = 3.72), being retired/pensioned (OR = 4.50), and suffering from a chronic disease (OR = 0.43).The older adults in our sample exhibited deficient oral hygiene behaviors. The results suggest certain socioeconomic inequalities in oral health. The findings of this study should be considered when designing dental care instructions for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Islas-Granillo
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca
| | | | | | | | - Rosalina Islas-Zarazúa
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca
| | | | - Vicente Rueda-Ibarra
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca
| | | | | | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca
- Advanced Studies and Research Center in Dentistry "Dr. Keisaburo Miyata" of Faculty of Dentistry at Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
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Diendéré J, Zeba AN, Nikièma L, Kaboré A, Savadogo PW, Tougma SJB, Tinto H, Ouédraogo A. Smokeless tobacco use: its prevalence and relationships with dental symptoms, nutritional status and blood pressure among rural women in Burkina Faso. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:579. [PMID: 32345279 PMCID: PMC7189451 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-Saharan women use smokeless tobacco (SLT) more than smoked tobacco. Among Western African countries, the estimated weighted prevalence of SLT use in rural women was found to be the highest in Burkina Faso (after Sierra Leone). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SLT use and its associated factors among rural women in Burkina Faso by using nationally representative data. METHODS We used data from the 2013 STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) study, which provided sociodemographic, clinical (anthropometric, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP] and dental symptoms), biological (total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood sugar), and tobacco and alcohol consumption data. Data for 1730 rural women were used, and we performed Student's chi-squared and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of current SLT use was 13.8% (95% CI: 12.2-15.5). Significant risks for SLT use were the presence of dental symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.59; p < 0.001), undernourishment (aOR = 1.78; p < 0.01), decreased waist circumference (aOR = 0.98; p < 0.05), decreased DBP (aOR = 0.97; p < 0.01), increased SBP (aOR = 1.01; p < 0.05), and increased differential blood pressure (aOR = 1.01; p < 0.05). The co-use of alcohol was also a significant risk factor (aOR = 2.80; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The prevalence of current SLT use was high among rural women in Burkina Faso, and significant concerns for users included alcohol co-use, the occurrence of dental symptoms, undernourishment, and an increase in differential blood pressure. National Public Health interventions are needed to reduce SLT use and its health-related concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeoffray Diendéré
- Public Health Department, Research Institute for Health Sciences, 399, Avenue de la Liberté, 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso, 01, Burkina Faso. .,Public Health Department, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | - Augustin Nawidimbasba Zeba
- Public Health Department, Research Institute for Health Sciences, 399, Avenue de la Liberté, 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso, 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Léon Nikièma
- Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, BP 5705, Ouagadougou, 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Ahmed Kaboré
- Public Health Department, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.,Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, BP 5705, Ouagadougou, 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Paul Windinpsidi Savadogo
- Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA/CNRST), rue Guisga, 04 BP 8645, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Halidou Tinto
- Public Health Department, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.,Clinical Research Unit of Research Institute for Health Sciences Nanoro, 11 BP 218, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Arouna Ouédraogo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, 01 BP 5705, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Self-rated oral health status and social and health determinants among community dwelling adults in Kenya. Afr Health Sci 2019; 19:3146-3153. [PMID: 32127891 PMCID: PMC7040341 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v19i4.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aims of this study were to estimate the self-rated oral health status and its associated factors in a national community dwelling population in Kenya. Methods A cross-sectional study based on a stratified cluster random sampling was conducted in 2015. The total sample included 4,459 individuals 18–69 years (M=40.4 years, SD=13.9). Questionnaire interview, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements, and biochemistry tests were conducted, including questions on the oral health status, general health status, oral health behaviour and socio-demographic information. Results Overall, 13.7% of participants reported poor self-rated oral health. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, older age (Odds Ratio-OR: 1.70, Confidence Interval-CI: 1.07, 2.69), having a lower number lover number of teeth (OR: 0.19, CI: 0.06, 0.62), having dentures (OR: 1.92, CI: 1.22, 3.03), having pain in the mouth or teeth (OR: 5.62, CI: 3.58, 8.90), impaired Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OR: 3.01, CI: 2.03, 4.47) and frequent soft drink consumption (OR: 3.62, CI: 1.89, 6.97) were associated with poor self-rated oral health. Conclusion High unsatisfied self-rated oral health status was found and several risk factors for poor self-rated oral health were identified that can help in guiding oral health care programming in Kenya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- Asean Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand
- Department of Research and Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Jayasvasti I, Htun KCSS, Peltzer K. Self-Rated Oral Health Status And Social And Health Determinants Among 35-65 Year-Old Persons In One Region In Myanmar: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2019; 11:339-348. [PMID: 31807081 PMCID: PMC6857668 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s227957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral diseases may be a population health problem in Myanmar. Community-based surveys may help in the selection of risk groups that may require priority attention. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of self-rated oral health (SROH) status in an adult community sample in Myanmar. METHODS The study design was a cross-sectional household survey in the Magway region Myanmar. In all, 633 persons aged 35 to 65 years, responded to questions on the oral health status, general health status, oral health knowledge and behaviour and socio-demographic information. RESULTS Overall, 13.6% of participants reported poor SROH, and 78.5% average or poor SROH. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, oral conditions (tooth loss, cavities, bleeding gums, and teeth that are sensitive to heat or cold), better oral health knowledge, dental care attendance, and skipping breakfast were associated with poor SROH. CONCLUSION A high proportion of poor or average SROH status was found and several associated variables were found that can facilitate in guiding oral health care programming in Myanmar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karl Peltzer
- Deputy Vice Chancellor Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Salawu MM, Omitoye R. AN ASSESSMENT OF DENTAL CARE PRACTICES AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF ADELEKE UNIVERSITY, EDE, OSUN STATE, NIGERIA. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2019; 17:24-29. [PMID: 31768153 PMCID: PMC6871209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental care is an important aspect of oral health which deals with the maintenance of healthy teeth and it is an important aspect of general oral health. Dental care practices include regular tooth brushing and flossing, healthy nutritional habits and regular visits to the dentists. OBJECTIVE This was to determine the practice of dental hygiene among undergraduate students of Adeleke University. METHODOS This was a cross-sectional survey conducted among Adeleke University undergraduate students between February and March, 2017. A stratified sampling technique was used to select study participants. A semi structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Bivariate analysis was done with chi squared test. Level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS Mean age of respondents was 20.18 + 2.61 years. Half of the respondents (53.6%) brushed their teeth twice daily. Most (79.2%) of the respondents used toothpick to remove food debris from their teeth and only 9.1% used dental floss. Only 54.7% had ever visited the dentist in their lifetime. Respondents who were single had good dental practice compared to respondents that were married (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The practice of dental hygiene among the students is not adequate. There is a need to inform and educate the students on dental hygiene practices and the benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Salawu
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State
| | - R Omitoye
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State
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Alhajj MN, Halboub E, Amran AG, Alkheraif AA, Al-Sanabani FA, Al-Makramani BM, Al-Basmi AA, Al-Ghabri FA. Link between perceived oral and general health status among Yemeni adult dental patients. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:93. [PMID: 31138198 PMCID: PMC6540451 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-perceived health is an essential measure of health status and even a paramount predictor of mortality. So long as it is said that oral health (OH) and general health (GH) are mirrors to each other. This study sought to determine how Yemeni adults rate their OH and GH, whether such a self-rating influenced by some potential risk factors, and whether both ratings (OH and GH) are correlated. METHODS A sample of 587 Yemeni dental patients aged 20 years and over were consecutively recruited. A structured interview form was used covering the following variables: age, gender, marital status, educational level, presence of dental prosthesis (DP), smoking and Qat chewing habits as independent variables, along with questions on "perceived oral health (POH)" and "perceived general health (PGH)" as dependent variables. The bivariate and multiple ordinal regression analyses were applied at P-value < 0.05. RESULTS Most of participants were women (73.6%), and married (71.4%), and more than half of them were young adults (58.2%), with high educational levels (53.3%), and not having DP. Only 310 participants responded to the questions on smoking and Qat chewing habits. Of these, 88.5% were non-smokers and 62.1% were Qat non-chewers. Up to 50% of the participants reported their POH as poor or fair, while lower proportions of participants (17%) reported their PGH as such. Younger age (compared to elders), high education levels (compared to primary education) and being single (compared to married) significantly revealed better levels of POH, while high education levels and being females significantly revealed better levels of PGH. Smoking and Qat chewing habits were found to have no effect on the perception of POH or PGH. POH and PGH were found to be significantly correlated (r = 0.486; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Higher levels of oral health problems can be anticipated among patients who perceive poor general health, and vice versa. The age, marital status and education were independent determinants of POH, while the gender and education were independent determinants of PGH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esam Halboub
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G Amran
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Abdulaziz A Alkheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad A Al-Sanabani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan university, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar M Al-Makramani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan university, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fawaz A Al-Ghabri
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
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Umeizudike K, Dedeke A, Nzomiwu C, Ekowmenhenhen U. Oral health status and treatment needs of internally displaced persons. SAHEL MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/smj.smj_19_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Association of Self-Perceived Oral Health and Function with Clinically Determined Oral Health Status among Adults Aged 35⁻54 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081681. [PMID: 30087297 PMCID: PMC6121354 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the association of self-perceived oral health status (OHS) and functions with clinical OHS in Korean adults aged 35–54 years. The study was designed as a cross-sectional study using data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2009). A total of 6605 subjects aged 35–54 years who completed the oral examination and questionnaires were included. An association of self-perceived OHS and functions with clinically determined OHS was confirmed by a complex-samples general linear model. Data on socioeconomic variables, i.e., household income and education level, self-perceived OHS and functions, such as chewing and speaking, were collected by trained interviewers. The clinical OHS was determined by trained dentists and included the number of untreated decayed teeth (DT); decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT); prosthetic and periodontal status. The combined score was estimated as the sum of self-perceived OHS and functions. Based on the estimation coefficient, the clinical variables that were most strongly associated with self-perceived OHS and functions were, in order, periodontal status, prosthetic status, DT, and DMFT. In addition, the combined score for self-perceived OHS and functions was associated with household income, education, and clinically determined OHS.
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Gómez MV, Toledo A, Carvajal P, Gomes SC, Costa RSA, Solanes F, Oppermann RV, Rösing CK, Gamonal J, Romanelli H. A multicenter study of oral health behavior among adult subjects from three South American cities. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e22. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Dental caries is the main oral health challenge for children in Nigeria. Concern about its negative impact makes screening for caries in children an attractive public health strategy. The ability to detect the preclinical phase of caries, the availability of screening tools with high accuracy, and the possibility of treatment before onset of clinical symptoms with significant cost and health benefits, makes it appropriate for screening. However in Nigeria, the poor availability of highly specific and sensitive screening tools, poor access to oral health care and concerns with pre-screening consent, raise the question of the appropriateness of conducting screening programmes for children. We argue that a number of structural challenges associated with poor uptake of oral health care services need to be addressed before screening for caries can be considered ethically appropriate. These include facilitating access of children to quality oral health care and a systematic national approach to oral health implementation. Failure to address challenges associated with dental service utilization by children in Nigeria increases the risk of screening programmes promoting inequitable access to oral health care services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abiola A Adeniyi
- c Department of Preventive Dentistry , Lagos State University College of Medicine , Ikeja , Lagos , Nigeria
| | - Wasiu Lanre Adeyemo
- d Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine , University of Lagos , Akoka , Lagos , Nigeria
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Taiwo OO, Panas R. Roles of community pharmacists in improving oral health awareness in Plateau State, Northern Nigeria. Int Dent J 2018; 68:287-294. [PMID: 29446064 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is poor oral health awareness in Nigeria because of limited access to correct information on oral health as well as a lack of oral health-care providers. The purpose of this study was to describe the roles of community pharmacists (CPs) in Plateau State, Northern Nigeria, as sources of oral health information in their communities. METHODS A quantitative cross-sectional study on CPs spanning the entire State. Data collection was a survey method using a structured paper-based self-administered questionnaire. Analysis, which included t-tests and binary logistic regression, was carried out using SPSS ver. 23. RESULTS A one-sample t-test to assess the attitudes of CPs on oral health showed that they had a very good disposition towards engaging in oral health services [advice, referrals, recommendations and basic treatment (e.g. of pain); mean = 4.54, standard deviation = 0.59, t(111) = 27.8, P < 0.001]. Although CPs presently provide some services to patients with oral health problems, 94.7% were willing to do more to advance the cause of oral health care. Training of CPs on oral health (32%), removal of restrictive policies in the health bill (1.8%) and sensitising the public (6.3%) were some suggestions on how to improve these services. CONCLUSION The disposition of CPs towards improving oral health could serve as a platform to help propagate oral health care and awareness in their communities. Engaging the CPs might help to reduce oral health disparities by increasing oral health awareness and improving the quality of life via cost-effective delivery of pharmacy-based oral health-care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaniyi Olufemi Taiwo
- Regional Center for Oral Health Research and Training Initiatives (RCORTI) for Africa, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Raymond Panas
- Faculty of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Kotha SB, Chaudhary M, Terkawi S, Ahmed M, Ghabban SN, Fernandez RAA. Correlation of Perceived Self-Rated Oral Health Status with Various Dental Health and Awareness Factors. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:S119-S124. [PMID: 29184839 PMCID: PMC5682704 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_304_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: Self-rated oral health is the key element that has a greater effect on quality of life and found to be authentic and logical to consider this as an indicator for overall oral health status. The aim was to investigate and identify the impact of various social and clinical factors on the perceived self-rated oral health status (PSR-OHS). Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed 600 patients seeking information for age, gender, nationality, educational level, and their last dental visit followed by 15 questions related to social factors (patient self-rated oral health, patient-dentist communication, literacy level of the patient, and dental neglect) followed by estimating the clinical oral health status (decayed, missing, and filled teeth [DMFT] scores as per WHO norms). Results: The results were estimated by a single five-point-response-scale question dichotomized into poor and good self-rated oral health. The average mean age for participation in the study is 32.5 years and found to be highly significant (P < 0.01) with inverse relation indicating that younger patients give better PSR-OHS. There were no significant differences in PSR-OHS among other demographic factors. Patients visiting the dentist recently found to be confident about their PSR-OHS and are statistically significant. Pearson correlating scores of social factors and the DMFT scores most concerned in the present study have a significant relation with self-rated oral health status. Conclusions: PSR-OHS is governed by various dental health and awareness factors. It can be used as an important tool by a clinician to assess the clinical examination results which helps to achieve more effective time and patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Babu Kotha
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maham Chaudhary
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shayma Terkawi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram Ahmed
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shroog Naji Ghabban
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Singh A, Purohit BM. Exploring patient satisfaction levels, self-rated oral health status and associated variables among citizens covered for dental insurance through a National Social Security Scheme in India. Int Dent J 2017; 67:172-179. [PMID: 28417462 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess patient satisfaction, self-rated oral health and associated factors, including periodontal status and dental caries, among patients covered for dental insurance through a National Social Security Scheme in New Delhi, India. METHOD A total of 1,498 patients participated in the study. Satisfaction levels and self-rated oral-health scores were measured using a questionnaire comprising 12 closed-ended questions. Clinical data were collected using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Regression analysis was conducted to evaluate factors associated with dental caries, periodontal status and self-rated oral health. RESULTS Areas of concern included poor cleanliness within the hospital, extensive delays for appointments, waiting time in hospital and inadequate interpersonal and communication skills among health-care professionals. Approximately 51% of the respondents rated their oral health as fair to poor. Younger age, no tobacco usage, good periodontal status and absence of dental caries were significantly associated with higher oral health satisfaction, with odds ratios of 3.94, 2.38, 2.58 and 2.09, respectively (P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION The study indicates poor satisfaction levels with the current dental care system and a poor self-rated oral health status among the study population. Some specific areas of concern have been identified. These findings may facilitate restructuring of the existing dental services under the National Social Security Scheme towards creating a better patient care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Singh
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhopal, M.P., India
| | - Bharathi M Purohit
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's College of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, People's University, Bhanpur- Bhopal, M.P., India
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Thapa P, Aryal KK, Mehata S, Vaidya A, Jha BK, Dhimal M, Pradhan S, Dhakal P, Pandit A, Pandey AR, Bista B, Pokhrel AU, Karki KB. Oral hygiene practices and their socio-demographic correlates among Nepalese adult: evidence from non communicable diseases risk factors STEPS survey Nepal 2013. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:105. [PMID: 27686858 PMCID: PMC5041565 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases remain a significant public health problem in Nepal, as do oral health behaviours. Socio-demographic factors play a crucial role in driving oral hygiene practices. This study aims to identify oral hygiene practices and associated socio-demographic factors in Nepalese population. Methods This descriptive, cross-sectional study recruited 4200 adults (15–69 years) through multistage cluster sampling. Data obtained from the WHO NCD STEPS instrument version 2.2 were analysed in STATA 13.0 using complex sample weighted analysis. Results Prevalence of cleaning teeth at least once a day was 94.9 % (95 % CI: 93.7–95.9), while that of cleaning teeth at least twice a day was 9.9 % (95 % CI: 8.2–11.9). Use of fluoridated toothpaste was seen among 71.4 % (95 % CI: 67.9–74.7) respondents. A 3.9 % (95 % CI: 3.1–5.0) made a dental visit in the last 6 months. The 45–69 years age group had lesser odds of cleaning teeth at least once a day (AOR: 0.4; 95 % CI: 0.2–0.8), in comparison to 15–29 years age group. Women had greater odds of cleaning teeth at least twice a day (AOR: 1.7; 95 % CI: 1.1–2.4) and having visited a dentist in the last 6 months (AOR: 2.2; 95 % CI: 1.2–3.8) compared to men. With reference to rural residents, urban population had higher odds of using fluoridated toothpaste (AOR: 2.3; 95 % CI: 1.4–3.4) and making a dental visit within the last 6 months (AOR: 1.9; 95 % CI:1.1–3.6). Inhabitants of the Terai had five-fold (AOR: 4.9; 95 % CI: 3.1–7.8) greater odds of cleaning teeth once per day than did hill residents. Those with higher education had greater odds than non-formal education holders of cleaning teeth at least once a day (AOR: 9.0; 95 % CI: 2.9–27.7), cleaning teeth at least twice a day (AOR: 5.6; 95 % CI: 2.9–10.6), using fluoridated toothpaste (AOR: 13.9; 95 % CI: 8.4–23.1), and having visited a dentist in the last 6 months (AOR: 2.8; 95 % CI: 1.4–5.4). Conclusions Cleaning teeth at least once a day is widely prevalent in Nepal and a substantial number of population use fluoridated toothpaste. However, cleaning teeth twice a day and visiting a dentist is less common. Being women, Terai residents, urban residents, and educated were significantly associated with oral hygiene practices assessed in this study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12903-016-0294-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Thapa
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | | | - Suresh Mehata
- Nepal Health Sector Support Program, Ministry of Health, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Abhinav Vaidya
- Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Bijay Kumar Jha
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Meghnath Dhimal
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Shaili Pradhan
- National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | | | - Arpana Pandit
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | | | - Bihungum Bista
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
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Pradeep Y, Chakravarty KK, Simhadri K, Ghenam A, Naidu GM, Vundavalli S. Gaps in need, demand, and effective demand for dental care utilization among residents of Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:S116-21. [PMID: 27652242 PMCID: PMC5022387 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.189737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To identify the relation between need, demand, and effective demand for dental services in Andhra Pradesh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study performed among populations residing in the rural and urban areas of Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Data were collected from 3102 individuals who were selected through multiphase random sampling. Data regarding self-perceived dental need, dental service utilization, and barriers for utilization were collected through s pretested questionnaire followed by type-III clinical examination to assess the normative need of the individuals. Chi-square test was used to compare independent and dependent variables, and further comparison was done with multivariate logistic regression analysis for significant variables. RESULTS Less than half (40%) of the participants perceived a need for dental care. Among the people who perceived need for care, only 21.4% utilized dental care and 78.6% of them had unmet dental needs. The two main reasons for not seeking dental care was lack of money, i.e., unaffordable dental treatment (48%) and having the perception that they do not have any dental problem (19.4%). CONCLUSIONS There is an enormous difference between normative need, demand, and actual utilization rates in dental care, and hindrances for effective demand need to be addressed to improve dental care delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pradeep
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, R. V. S. Dental College, Kannampalayam, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kavya Simhadri
- Department of Prosthodontics, St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, India
| | - Alexis Ghenam
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute of Oral Health, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Guntipalli M Naidu
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Drs. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Cinaoutpally, Gannavarm, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhakar Vundavalli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Drs. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Cinaoutpally, Gannavarm, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Oberoi SS, Sharma G, Oberoi A. A cross-sectional survey to assess the effect of socioeconomic status on the oral hygiene habits. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2016; 20:531-542. [PMID: 29242690 PMCID: PMC5676336 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.201629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is widely accepted that there are socioeconomic inequalities in oral health. A socioeconomic gradient is found in a range of clinical and self-reported oral health outcomes. Aim: The present study was conducted to assess the differences in oral hygiene practices among patients from different socioeconomic status (SES) visiting the Outpatient Department of the Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to October 2014 to assess the effect of SES on the oral hygiene habits. The questionnaire included the questions related to the demographic profile and assessment of the oral hygiene habits of the study population. Results: Toothbrush and toothpaste were being used significantly (P < 0.05) more by lower middle class (84.4%) and upper middle class (100.0%). A significantly higher frequency of cleaning teeth (twice a day) was reported among the lower middle class (17.2%) and upper middle class (21.5%). The majority (34.3%) of the study population changed their toothbrush once in 3 months. The cleaning of tongue was reported by patients belonging to the upper middle (62.0%), lower middle (52.1%), and upper lower class (30.0%). The use of tongue cleaner was reported to be significantly (P < 0.05) more among upper middle (10.1%) class patients. A significantly higher number of patients from the lower class (81.3%) never visited a dentist. Conclusion: The oral hygiene practices of the patients from upper and lower middle class was found to be satisfactory whereas it was poor among patients belonging to lower and upper lower class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhvinder Singh Oberoi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Avneet Oberoi
- Private Practitioner, Oberoi Dental Clinic and Orthodontic Centre, New Delhi, India
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Ogbebor OG, Obisesan B, Madukwe IU, Azodo CC. Prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection among dental patients in a Nigerian secondary healthcare facility. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2015; 5:237-41. [PMID: 26236685 PMCID: PMC4515808 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.159963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection among patients attending the Dental Clinic of General Hospital Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was a prospective study of 1080 dental patients of General Hospital Minna. RESULTS Out of the 1080 patients counseled, only 200 gave consent to participate in the study. Of the 200 participants, 8 tested positive for HIV, giving a prevalence of 4.0%. Females and participants in the sixth and fifth decades of life were found to have higher prevalence of undiagnosed HIV. Corpers and traders had higher prevalence of undiagnosed HIV. Participants with periodontal complaints (bleeding gums and shaking teeth) also had higher prevalence of undiagnosed HIV. The proportion of participants that reported having knowledge about the actual existence, risk factors, and prevention of HIV/AIDS was high. The proportion of participants who expressed willingness to receive more information on HIV-related issues was high. CONCLUSION One out of 25 patients attending this secondary healthcare setting for dental services had undiagnosed HIV infection. This highlights the need for the establishment of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) unit in the dental clinics and also re-emphasizes the strict compliance of standard precaution in dental practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. G. Ogbebor
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - B. Obisesan
- Dental Department, New Day Specialist Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - I. U. Madukwe
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Clement C. Azodo
- Department of Periodontics, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
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