P01.10. Effects of caloric restriction combined with traditional chinese phytomedicine on the glucolipid metabolism in Wistar Rats with insulin resistance

Targeting AngII/AT1R signaling pathway by perindopril inhibits ongoing liver fibrosis in rat

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a substantial role in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. Hence, targeting RAS through angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can mend hepatic fibrosis; the current study was designed to examine the potential fibrosis inhibition activity of perindopril using a rat model of liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Four groups of rats were used throughout this study, Group I (control group); rats received the vehicle. TAA was used for inducing liver fibrosis in rats by intraperitoneal injection of 200-mg/kg body weight twice a week for 6 weeks. Group II served as (TAA group). Rats of Groups III and IV were given perindopril at doses of 2 and 8 mg/kg 2 weeks after TAA administration and continued concomitantly with TAA till the end of the experiment. Injection of TAA resulted in a significant increase in aminotransferases' activities and bilirubin with a significant decrease in serum albumin and total protein and a significant decrease in hepatic content of GSH and SOD. Additionally, TAA injection raised the hepatic content of TGF-β1, α-SMA, TNF-α, and level of MDA. Histological and immunohistochemical data presented marked fibrosis in liver sections of TAA-administrated rats with increased collagen deposition, elevated METAVIR scoring, and increased expression of α-SMA, caspase-3, and AT1R. Oral dosing of perindopril for 4 weeks concomitant with TAA could mend the altered parameters near to normal values and abolished the ongoing fibrosis extension. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that perindopril, as ACE inhibitor, could grant a superior remedial nominee in preventing liver fibrosis progression through targeting angiotensin II formation.

Combination with Red ginseng and Polygoni Multiflori ameliorates highfructose diet induced metabolic syndrome

BACKGROUND

Metabolic syndrome such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance and fatty liver, can be caused by modification of diet by means of overconsumption of high fructose diet. This study was designed to investigate whether combination with Red ginseng and Polygoni Multiflori Radix (RGPM), widely used traditional herbal medicine, ameliorates on highfructose (HF) diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

METHODS

SD rats were fed the 60% HF diet with/without rosiglitazone, and RGPM 100, 300 mg/kg/day, respectively. All groups received regular diet or HF diet, respectively, for 8 weeks. The last three groups treatment of rosiglitazone and RPGM orally for a period of 6 weeks.

RESULTS

Chronic treatment with RGPM significantly decreased body weight, fat weight and adipocyte size. RGPM significantly prevented the development of the metabolic disturbances such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and impaired glucose tolerance. RGPM also led to increase in high density lipoprotein level in the HF group. RGPM suppressed high-fructose diet induced vascular inflammation marker expression such as adhesion molecules and ET-1 in aorta as well as increasing of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in plasma. Similarly, RGPM attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibition of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression.

CONCLUSION

An administration of RGPM may be a beneficial therapy for the treatment of metabolic syndrome through the improvement of hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, vascular inflammation and insulin resistance.

The effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on glycemic markers in patients with type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the functional foods which contains biological compounds including gingerol, shogaol, paradol and zingerone. Ginger has been proposed to have anti-cancer, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, hypolipidemic and analgesic properties. Here, we report the effect of ginger supplementation on glycemic indices in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 20-60 -year-old patients with type 2 diabetes who did not receive insulin. Participants in the intervention and control groups were received 3 g of powdered ginger or placebo (lactose) (in capsules) daily for 3 months. Glycemic indices, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum paraoxonase, dietary intake and physical activity were measured at the beginning and end of the study, and after 12 h fasting.

RESULTS

Comparison of the indices after 3 months showed that the differences between the ginger and placebo groups were statistically significant as follows: serum glucose (-19.41 ± 18.83 vs. 1.63 ± 4.28 mg/dL, p < 0.001), HbA1c percentage (-0.77 ± 0.88 vs. 0.02 ± 0.16%, p < 0.001), insulin (-1.46 ± 1.7 vs. 0.09 ± 0.34 μIU/mL, p < 0.001), insulin resistance (-16.38 ± 19.2 vs. 0.68 ± 2.7, p < 0.001), high-sensitive CRP (-2.78 ± 4.07 vs. 0.2 ± 0.77 mg/L, p < 0.001), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) (22.04 ± 24.53 vs. 1.71 ± 2.72 U/L, p < 0.006), TAC (0.78 ± 0.71 vs. -0.04 ± 0.29 µIU/mL, p < 0.01) and MDA (-0.85 ± 1.08 vs. 0.06 ± 0.08 µmol/L, p < 0.001) were significantly different.

CONCLUSIONS

This report shows that the 3 months supplementation of ginger improved glycemic indices, TAC and PON-1 activity in patients with type 2 diabetes.