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Shi Y, Shi X, Zhao M, Ma S, Zhang Y. Pharmacological potential of Astragali Radix for the treatment of kidney diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155196. [PMID: 37952410 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, the incidence of kidney diseases is also increasing, resulting in a serious public burden. Conventional treatments for kidney diseases have unsatisfactory effects and are associated with adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese medicines have good curative effects and advantages over conventional treatments for preventing and treating kidney diseases. Astragali Radix is a Chinese herbal medicine widely used to treat kidney diseases. PURPOSE To review the potential applications and molecular mechanisms underlying the renal protective effects of Astragali Radix and its components and to provide direction and reference for new therapeutic strategies and future research and development of Astragali Radix. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched using keywords, including "Astragali Radix," "Astragalus," "Astragaloside IV" (AS-IV), "Astragali Radix polysaccharide" (APS), and "kidney diseases." Reports on the effects of Astragali Radix and its components on kidney diseases were identified and reviewed. RESULTS The main components of Astragali Radix with kidney-protective properties include AS-IV, APS, calycosin, formononetin, and hederagenin. Astragali Radix and its active components have potential pharmacological effects for the treatment of kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive renal damage, chronic glomerulonephritis, and kidney stones. The pharmacological effects of Astragali Radix are manifested through the inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and ferroptosis, as well as the regulation of autophagy. CONCLUSION Astragali Radix is a promising drug candidate for treating kidney diseases. However, current research is limited to animal and cell studies, underscoring the need for further verifications using high-quality clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
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Wu L, Du X, Lu X. Role of telitacicept in the treatment of IgA nephropathy. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:369. [PMID: 37737205 PMCID: PMC10515419 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease in the world, and up to 40% of patients with IgAN develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD). At present, an increasing amount of evidence indicates that the pathogenesis of IgAN is related to autoimmunity. In recent years, several studies have shown that B cell activating factors (BAFF), also known as B lymphocyte stimulators (BLyS), and proliferation-inducing ligand APRIL are extremely important for the activation of autoimmune signalling pathways, which have become key targets for the treatment of IgAN. As a dual-target biological agent, telitacicept can inhibit both BLyS and APRIL cytokines, improve the function of renal immune complexes, and reduce haematuria and proteinuria, which play important roles in IgAN pathogenesis and long-term prognosis. This article reviews the role of telitacicept in IgA nephropathy and discusses its potential for use in the treatment of IgAN and other autoimmune diseases where pathogenesis is driven by B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University Nephropathy of Internal Medicine, Changchun, 130022 China
| | - Xinru Du
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University Nephropathy of Internal Medicine, Changchun, 130022 China
| | - Xuehong Lu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University Nephropathy of Internal Medicine, Changchun, 130022 China
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Li R, Shi C, Wei C, Wang C, Du H, Hong Q, Chen X. Fufang shenhua tablet, astragali radix and its active component astragaloside IV: Research progress on anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms in the kidney. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1131635. [PMID: 37089929 PMCID: PMC10113559 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1131635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the limited treatment options available for kidney disease, a significant number of patients turn to alternative therapies, including traditional Chinese medicine. Among these therapies, the Fufang Shenhua tablet (SHT) has garnered attention for its effectiveness in addressing the most common deficiency of Qi and Yin in chronic glomerulonephritis. Notably, the sovereign drug of SHT is Astragali Radix (AR), with the most abundant and effective component being Astragaloside IV (AS-IV). AS-IV has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, and it is extensively used in treating kidney diseases. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying its action are numerous and intricate, and a comprehensive understanding is yet to be achieved.Aim of the review: Thus, we have thoroughly examined the existing research and outlined the advancements made in investigating the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms of SHT, AR and its active component AS-IV, in relation to kidney health. This serves as a dependable foundation for conducting more comprehensive investigations, evaluating efficacy, and making further improvements in the future.Materials and methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search utilizing multiple globally recognized databases, including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, Springer, and CNKI. The search keywords used in this study were “Fufang Shenhua tablet,” “Astragali Radix,” “Astragaloside IV,” and “Anti-inflammatory” or “Immunity.”Results: The mechanism of inflammation inhibition by SHT, AR and its active component AS-IV is mainly related to the signaling pathways such as NF-κB, TLRs, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and JAK-STAT. Immunomodulation exerts not only activating, stimulating, and regulating effects on macrophages and dendritic cells, but also on immune organs, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, and a myriad of cytokines. Moreover, the SHT, AR and its active component AS-IV also demonstrate regulatory effects on renal cells, including glomerular mesangial cells, tubular epithelial cells, and podocytes.Conclusion: To summarize, SHT, AR and its active component AS-IV, exhibit notable therapeutic effects in kidney-related ailments, and their molecular mechanisms for anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects have been extensively explored. However, further standard clinical trials are necessary to evaluate their safety and efficacy in the adjunctive treatment of kidney-related diseases. Moreover, in-depth studies of unverified chemical components and regulatory mechanisms in SHT are required. It is our belief that with continued research, SHT, AR and its active component AS-IV are poised to pave the way for enhancing therapeutic outcomes in kidney-related ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Li
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Chunru Shi
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiting Wei
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Du
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Hong, ; Xiangmei Chen,
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Hong, ; Xiangmei Chen,
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused significant economic and health damage worldwide. Rapid vaccination is one of the key strategies to curb severe illness and death due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hundreds of millions of people worldwide have received various COVID-19 vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, inactivated vaccines and adenovirus-vectored vaccines, but the side effects and efficacy of most vaccines have not been extensively studied. Recently, there have been increasing reports of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) after COVID-19 vaccination, however, whether their relationship is causal or coincidental remains to be verified. Here, we summarize the latest clinical evidence of IgAN diagnosed by renal biopsy associated with the COVID-19 vaccine published by 10 July 2022 with the largest sample size, and propose a hypothesis for the pathogenesis between them. At the same time, the new opportunity presented by COVID-19 vaccine allows us to explore the mechanism of IgAN recurrence for the first time. Indeed, we recognize that large-scale COVID-19 vaccination has enormous benefits in preventing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this review is to help guide the clinical assessment and management of IgA nephropathy post-COVID-19 vaccination and to enrich the 'multi-hit' theory of IgA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Ma
- From the Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu
District, Nanchang 330006, P.R.
China
| | - Gaosi Xu
- Address correspondence to Prof. G. Xu, Department of Nephrology,
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Donghu District,
Nanchang 330006, P.R. China.
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The Effectiveness and Safety of Abelmoschus manihot in Treating IgA Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9730753. [PMID: 36248420 PMCID: PMC9556210 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9730753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common issue. In China, Abelmoschus manihot (AM) is widely used in the treatment of IgAN. However, their combined effectiveness and safety for this purpose have not yet been explored. AM is an effective medicine for treating IgAN. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of AM for IgAN. Materials and Methods The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database (VIP), and the Wanfang Database were searched from their inceptions to June 2021. Random clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of AM treatment in patients with IgAN were included. The study evaluated the efficacy or effectiveness of AM for IgAN and had clear outcome data, such as total effectiveness rate or proteinuria. Results A total of 11 RCTs with 850 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that, compared with that of the conventional therapy alone, being combined with conventional treatment was significantly more effective for the total efficacy rate (OR = 4.33; 95% CI = 2.66, 7.04; P < 0.00001) and proteinuria (MD = -0.41 g/24 h; 95% CI = -0.44, -0.38; P < 0.00001) but had no effect on serum creatinine (Scr) (MD = -2.23 μmol/L; 95% CI = -5.90, 1.45; P=0.24), eGFR (MD = -0.45 mL/min·1.73 m2; 95% CI = -1.24, 2.13; P=0.60), Bun (MD = -0.22 mmol/L; 95% CI = -0.59, 0.14; P=0.23), systolic blood pressure (MD = -0.04 mmHg; 95% CI = -2.59, 2.51; P=0.98), diastolic blood pressure (MD = -0.34 mmHg, 95% CI = -1.65, 2.33; P=0.74), systolic blood pressure (MD = -0.04 mmHg, 95% CI = -2.59, 2.51; P=0.98), or serum albumin (MD = 1.70 g/L, 95% CI = -1.06, 4.45; P=0.23). Conclusions AM provided additional benefits to proteinuria individuals with IgAN. However, due to the high clinical heterogeneity and small sample size of the included trials, future studies should conduct more rigorous RCTs on the clinical efficacy and safety of AM and RCTs with a larger sample size involving multicenters.
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Chang TY, Wang YP, Wang HA, Jin D, Ma JH, Zhang SL, Thabane L. Comparative efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for IgA nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Integr Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chen Z, Liu L, Gao C, Chen W, Vong CT, Yao P, Yang Y, Li X, Tang X, Wang S, Wang Y. Astragali Radix (Huangqi): A promising edible immunomodulatory herbal medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112895. [PMID: 32330511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Astragali Radix (AR, Huangqi in Chinese), the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao or A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge., possesses diverse therapeutic effects against fatigue, dyspepsia, diarrhea, heart diseases, hepatitis, and anemia. In recent years, increasing evidence has indicated the multiple immunomodulatory activities of AR in preclinical and clinical studies. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review attempts to elaborate the immunomodulatory effects of AR and its potential application in the treatment of immune related diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search AR was carried out using multiple internationally recognized databases (including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, Springer, Taylor & Francis, and CNKI). RESULTS The immunomodulatory effects of AR are closely attributed to its active constituents such as polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids. We also demonstrate that AR can be used as a potential therapeutic intervention for immune related diseases through regulating immune organs, mucosal immune, and immune system (innate immunity and acquired immunity). CONCLUSION AR promotes the development of immune organs, enhances mucosal immune function, increases the quantity and phagocytic capacity of innate immunity, promotes the maturation and differentiation of acquired immunity cells, and improves the expression of antibodies in acquired immunity. We believe that AR has a broad research space in the adjuvant treatment of immune related diseases, which could be a breakthrough point to improve the application value of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhejie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; PU-UM Innovative Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong-Macau Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Industrial Park Development Co., Ltd, Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Caifang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Weijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Peifen Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yuhan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xiuzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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Effect of Astragalus membranaceus extract on IgA nephropathy: a case of renal function improvement during one-and-a-half-year follow-up. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Koehler H, Puchalski K, Ruiz G, Jacobs B, Langland J. The Role of Endophytic/Epiphytic Bacterial Constituents in the Immunostimulatory Activity of the Botanical, Astragalus membranaceus. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 93:239-250. [PMID: 32607085 PMCID: PMC7309664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus is a staple of Traditional Chinese Medicine being one of the oldest medicinal herbs listed in the material medica of Chinese herbal medicine. Chinese herbalists have used Astragalus to help the human body fight a variety of diseases. Modern herbalists utilize Astragalus primarily as an immunostimulant to prevent common infection and aid in the recovery following infection. Historically, the biological activities associated with Astragalus have been accounted for, at least in part, to several constituents present in the botanical including saponins and polysaccharides. We propose that in addition to these constituents, compounds from endophytic (or epiphytic) bacteria present in (or on) the roots of Astragalus may have an important biological role. Lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins are major components of Gram-negative bacteria and highly potent activators of the innate immune response. Our data supports a direct correlation between the level of immune gene induction and the level of lipopolysaccharides/lipoproteins present in the Astragalus extract. We demonstrate that extracts from Astragalus specifically activate Toll-like and NOD-like receptors involved in the recognition and response to bacterial constituents and that removal of the lipopolysaccharide/lipoprotein from the Astragalus extract reduced the level of this response. The results support that many immune enhancing botanicals have established a symbiotic relationship with Gram-negative bacteria and that the immune enhancing effect of these botanical extracts on the body may not only be due to endogenous plant compounds, but endophytic (or epiphytic) bacterial components as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Koehler
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Keely Puchalski
- Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, The Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Tempe, AZ
| | - Guillermo Ruiz
- Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, The Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Tempe, AZ
| | - Bertram Jacobs
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Institute, Tempe, AZ
| | - Jeffrey Langland
- Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, The Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Tempe, AZ,Arizona State University, Biodesign Institute, Tempe, AZ,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Jeffrey Langland, Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, Tempe, AZ; ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3653-8844;
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Lu T, Bian Y, Zhu Y, Guo M, Yang Y, Guo J, Gu C, Duan JA. HUANGKUISIWUFANG inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase to improve glomerular injury in anti-Thy1 nephritis model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 253:112682. [PMID: 32087318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangkuisiwufang (HKSWF) is composed of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik., Astragalus mongholicus, Polygonum cuspidatum, Curcuma longa L. Abelmoschus Manihot (L.) Medik. has been widely used for the treatment of chronic renal disease, oral ulcers and burn in China for centuries (Committee of the Pharmacopoeia of PR China, 2010). Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik., Polygonum cuspidatum, Curcuma longa L. have been mainly applied in folk medicine for their therapeutic effects on diabetes, cancer, heart disease and other diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the renoprotective function of HKSWF in anti-Thy nephritis model and clarify the relevant mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS One week after the model of glomerulonephritis created by injecting anti-thymocyte serum (ATS), rats were treated with Huangkui capsule, enalapril or HKSWF by gavage for a period of 8 weeks. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by detection of proteinuria, plasma creatine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), podocyte injury, glomerular accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the markers of oxidative stress and renal fibrosis. RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq), KEGG and western blotting analysis were performed to indicate the signaling pathway involved in the therapeutic effect of HKSWF. RESULTS Nephritic rats presented the increase of BUN, serum creatinine (Scr), proteinuria, podocyte damage, glomerular fibrosis, Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and the reduction of creatinine clearance (Ccr). In contrast, application of HKSWF to nephritic rats decreased the levels of BUN and proteinuria, promoted mesangial cell recovery and improved oxidative stress level and podocyte injury. KEGG analysis revealed that pyruvate metabolism was the most significantly upregulated pathway in rats treated with HKSWF compared to disease control group. Increased pyruvate dehydrogenase and PAI-1 caused by nephritis was inhibited by HKSWF interposition. Furthermore, dichloroacetate sodium (DCA), an agonist of pyruvate dehydrogenase, could stimulate PAI-1 expression, which was suppressed by HKSWF. CONCLUSION Chinese herbal preparation HKSWF has remarkable curative effects on glomerulonephritis animals. HKSWF attenuates pyruvate dehydrogenase to improve glomerular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Bian
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chunyan Gu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Peng W, Pei GQ, Tang Y, Tan L, Qin W. IgA1 deposition may induce NLRP3 expression and macrophage transdifferentiation of podocyte in IgA nephropathy. J Transl Med 2019; 17:406. [PMID: 31796125 PMCID: PMC6891954 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in mediating podocyte injury in various kidney diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether NLRP3 expression associated with podocyte injury was involved in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS NLRP3 inflammasomes and macrophage marker (F4/80) were detected in the renal tissues of IgAN patients. Association between kidney NLRP3 levels and the clinical feature of IgAN patients was analyzed. Podocytes were incubated with serum containing dys-glycosylated IgA1 protein isolated from IgAN patients. Expression of NLRP3 inflammasomes, F4/80, inflammatory cytokine and renal fibrosis marker were measured using RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS Renal NLRP3 inflammasome expression was significantly increased in IgAN patients compared to normal control tissues. Moreover, co-expression of NLRP3 and F4/80 could be observed in the podocytes of IgAN patients. Patients with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 had remarkably higher tubular NLRP3 expression (P < 0.05), while patients with gross proteinuria (≥ 3.5 g/day) had a significantly higher glomerular NLRP3 expression (P < 0.05). Further analysis indicated that dys-glycosylated IgA1 isolated from IgAN patient serum could induce podocyte expression of NLRP3 and the macrophage marker F4/80, which could lead to induction of an inflammatory reaction (increased expression of ICAM-1) and fibrosis (increased expression of α-SMA). CONCLUSION Dys-glycosylated IgA1 isolated from IgAN patient serum could induce NLRP3 expression in podocytes and initiate podocyte macrophage transdifferentiation (PMT). After PMT, podocytes secrete proinflammatory cytokines that can contribute to the inflammation cascade and renal fibrosis changes associated with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Fuzhou City, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gai-Qin Pei
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37th Guoxuexiang Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Li Tan
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37th Guoxuexiang Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Lycium barbarum polysaccharides attenuate rat anti-Thy-1 glomerulonephritis through mediating pyruvate dehydrogenase. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:109020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Lu T, Fan Z, Hou J, Qi X, Guo M, Ju J, Yang Y, Gu C. Loquat leaf polysaccharides improve glomerular injury in rats with anti-Thy 1 nephritis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:3531-3542. [PMID: 31312364 PMCID: PMC6614611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic glomerulonephritis frequently develops into renal failure that cannot be completely cured. Based on the success of anti-inflammatory Chinese herbs in treating chronic nephritis, our goal was to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of action of loquat leaf polysaccharides (LLPS) on chronic anti-Thy-1 nephritis. A rat model of glomerulonephritis was used to study the effects of 8 weeks of enalapril or LLPS treatment. Twenty-four-hour rat urinary protein excretions were measured every week for 8 weeks. Then, all animals were sacrificed, renal-related biochemical parameters were analyzed, and histology and electron microscopy examinations of renal tissue samples were conducted. Renal cortex tissue was used to detect markers of renal fibrosis. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and in vitro experiments explored the signaling pathway involved in LLPS treatment effects. Compared with the disease control group, LLPS treatment significantly decreased the levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, reduced urinary protein excretion, glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, and extracellular matrix hyperplasia, and attenuated the expression of proteins associated with podocyte injury and renal fibrosis. RNA-seq results showed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is a potential signaling pathway involved in LLPS treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis. Increases in PPARα and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) caused by glomerulonephritis were inhibited by LLPS in vitro. Furthermore, when an agonist of PPARα (BMS-687453) was used to stimulate PPARα activity, LLPS treatment suppressed the expression of fibrosis factor PAI-1 partially via PPARα inhibition. These findings demonstrate that LLPS improved glomerular injury in rats with anti-Thy 1 nephritis via the PPARα pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhimin Fan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210001, China
| | - Jianhao Hou
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohong Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianming Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, China
- School of Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210001, China
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Li C, Shi J, Zhao Y. MiR-320 promotes B cell proliferation and the production of aberrant glycosylated IgA1 in IgA nephropathy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4607-4614. [PMID: 29266359 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common primary glomerulonephritis. However, the etiology of this disease is complex and the pathogenesis of IgAN is still unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in a lot of pathological and physiological processes. In this study, we showed that the expression of miR-320 was significantly upregulated in renal tissues and urinary of IgAN patients. Moreover, the intra-renal expression level of miR-320 had significant correlation with miR-320 expression in the urinary of IgAN patients. Overexpression of miR-320 increased B cell proliferation and promoted cyclin D1 expression. Furthermore, we identified that PTEN was direct target gene of miR-320 in the B cell. Ectopic expression of miR-320 suppressed PTEN expression. Overexpression of miR-320 decreased Cosmc expression in the B cell. In addition, we demonstrated that Cosmc expression was significantly downregulated in the renal tissues and urinary of IgAN patients. The intra-renal expression level of Cosmc had significant correlation with Cosmc expression of urinary in IgAN patients. We proved that the expression level of Cosmc was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-320 in the renal tissues of IgAN patients. Overexpression of miR-320 promoted the B cell proliferation through suppressing PTEN expression. Taken together, these data suggested that miR-320 acted an important role in the development of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Li
- The Second Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Daqing Fifth Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Aberrant IgA1 Glycosylation in IgA Nephropathy: A Systematic Review. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166700. [PMID: 27870872 PMCID: PMC5117702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Galactose-deficient IgA1 was evaluated in patients with IgA nephropathy(IgAN) and controls in order to determine the predictive value of galactose-deficient IgA1 in cases of IgA nephropathy. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane central register of controlled trials, CNKI, CBM disc, and VIP database were searched to identify eligible studies that evaluated a difference in aberrant IgA1 glycosylation in IgAN patients compared with controls. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of galactose-deficient IgA1(Gd-IgA1) levels in different groups. RESULTS A total of 22 studies (n = 1657) met inclusion criteria. The mean Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) score was 7.2 and ranged from 6 to 8. The standard mean difference(SMD) in the meta-analysis of 20 studies of the level of Gd-IgA1 in the serum and/or supernatant of cultured cells was higher in the IgAN group compared with healthy controls as well as in those with other renal diseases (SMD = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.18-2.34, P<0.00001; SMD = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.05-2.04, P = 0.04). The data synthesis suggested that IgAN patients had similar levels of serum Gd-IgA1, with no significant differences, compared with first-degree relatives and Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) patients (MD = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.00-0.08, P = 0.05; MD = -46.03, 95% CI = -217.70-125.64, P = 0.60). In addition, the combined MD of 5 studies indicated that there were no significant differences in Gd-IgA1 levels among patients with varying severities of IgAN (MD = 0.02, 95% CI = -0.02-0.05, P = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS The pooled evidence suggests that the level of Gd-IgA1 in the serum or supernatant of cultured cells from peripheral blood or tonsils may be a useful biomarker for predicting IgA nephropathy, though the level of Gd-IgA1 was not significantly associated with disease severity.
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Peng W, Tang Y, Jiang Z, Li Z, Mi X, Qin W. The effect of calcineurin inhibitors in the treatment of IgA nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4731. [PMID: 27583915 PMCID: PMC5008599 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobin A nephropathy (IgAN), the most prevalent form of primary glomerulonephritis, represents the leading cause of kidney failure among East Asian populations. Immunosuppressive treatment regimen, except for a 6-month trial of corticosteroids, has not been approved by the KDIGO guideline yet. Specific and effective treatment is still lacking. We decided to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) in the treatment of IgAN. METHODS Database from the Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, CBM, CNKI, and CENTRAL databases were searched and reviewed up to March 2016. Literature was screened by 2 independent reviewers accordingly. Clinical trials were analyzed using Stata 12.0. RESULTS Five random control trials and 2 nonrandomized concurrent control trials were selected and included in this study according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The rates of complete remission in patients with IgAN were significantly increased in the group of CNIs (RR 1.56, P = 0.002). No statistical difference was observed in the rates of partial remission, or response between the CNIs and steroids alone. Additionally, CNIs resulted in a significant reduction in urinary protein (WMD 0.34, P = 0.002) and increase in serum albumin level (WMD 1.89, P = 0.013). No differences were found in the serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and rates of adverse effects including infection, hyperglycemia, and liver dysfunction. CONCLUSION With present evidence, CNIs may be promising immunosuppressive agents for IgAN in future. However, large, long-term, multicenter trials are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, West China School of Medicine
| | - Yi Tang
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, West China School of Medicine
| | - Zi Li
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuhua Mi
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Qin
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Correspondence: Wei Qin, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. 610041 (e-mail: )
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Xie YX, He LY, Chen X, Peng XF, Ye MY, Zhao YJ, Yan WZ, Liu C, Shao J, Peng YM. Potential diagnostic biomarkers for IgA nephropathy: a comparative study pre- and post-tonsillectomy. Int Urol Nephrol 2016; 48:1855-1861. [PMID: 27465795 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-016-1372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The proteins BAFF, ST6GALNAC2, C1GALT1, and COSMC in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma levels of IgA1 and galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) are potential biomarkers for IgAN nephropathy. In this study, we comparatively studied the changes of those biomarkers before and after tonsillectomy. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 16 IgAN patients with pre- and post-tonsillectomy. IgAN was diagnosed based on results from analysis of percutaneous renal biopsy tissue. Peripheral blood samples from three patients without renal diseases (non-IgAN), before and after tonsillectomy, and 16 healthy controls were also examined. BAFF, ST6GALNAC2, C1GALT1, and COSMC mRNA levels in PBMCs were detected using real-time PCR. Plasma IgA1 content was measured by ELISA. Gd-IgA1 levels were determined using the VV lectin-ELISA method. RESULTS BAFF, ST6GALNAC2, C1GALT1, and COSMC mRNA levels and the plasma concentrations of IgA1 and Gd-IgA1 in IgAN patients before tonsillectomy were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P < 0.05). Tonsillectomy significantly increased the expression of BAFF and ST6GALNAC2, and plasma IgA1 level, while it downregulated that of C1GALT1 and COSMC (P < 0.05). However, in non-IgAN patients, tonsillectomy did not affect the mRNA levels of BAFF, ST6GALNAC2, C1GALT1, and COSMC, plasma IgA1 content and Gd-IgA1 level. Positive correlations were established between BAFF and IgA1 (r = 0.604, P < 0.01) and between ST6GALNAC2 and Gd-IgA1 (r = 0.623, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Tonsillectomy changes the mRNA levels of BAFF, ST6GALNAC2, C1GALT1, and COSMC in PBMCs, as well as the plasma IgA1 level in IgAN patients. BAFF and ST6GALNAC2 might regulate IgA1 secretion and O-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Xin Xie
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Nephrology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yu He
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Chen
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fei Peng
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Yao Ye
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jing Zhao
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Zhe Yan
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chan Liu
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shao
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Ming Peng
- Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Dun C, Liu J, Qiu F, Wu X, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Gu P. Effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on memory impairment in a diabetic rat model. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:1617-21. [PMID: 27445477 PMCID: PMC4936836 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s106123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) are active constituents of Astragalus membranaceus. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of APS on memory impairment in a diabetic rat model and their mechanisms. METHODS A diabetic model was established in 50 male Wistar rats with streptozotocin intra-peritoneal injection. A blood glucose level higher than 16.7 mmol/L obtained 72 hours after the injection was regarded as a successful diabetic model. The modeled rats were divided into model group, high, medium, and low doses of APS, and piracetam groups (positive control). A group of ten rats without streptozotocin-induced diabetes were used as a normal control. After respective consecutive 8-week treatments, the levels of blood fasting plasma glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c, memory performance, hippocampal malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase were determined. RESULTS After the 8-week APS treatment, serum fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and insulin levels were decreased compared with those of the model group (P<0.05). Importantly, memory impairment in the diabetic model was reversed by APS treatments. In addition, hippocampal malondialdehyde concentration was lowered, whereas that of superoxide dismutase was higher after APS treatments. CONCLUSION APS are important active components responsible for memory improvement in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The potential mechanism of action is associated with the effects of APS on glucose and lipid metabolism, and antioxidative and insulin resistance. APS are constituents of A. membranaceus that are potential candidate therapeutic agents for the treatment of memory deficit in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Dun
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Junqian Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Fucheng Qiu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Xueda Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Yakun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | - Yongyan Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Tangshan City, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
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Zhong Y, Menon MC, Deng Y, Chen Y, He JC. Recent Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2015; 66:513-22. [PMID: 26015275 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because current treatment options for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are limited, many patients seek out alternative therapies such as traditional Chinese medicine. However, there is a lack of evidence from large clinical trials to support the use of traditional medicines in patients with CKD. Many active components of traditional medicine formulas are undetermined and their toxicities are unknown. Therefore, there is a need for research to identify active compounds from traditional medicines and understand the mechanisms of action of these compounds, as well as their potential toxicity, and subsequently perform well-designed, randomized, controlled, clinical trials to study the efficacy and safety of their use in patients with CKD. Significant progress has been made in this field within the last several years. Many active compounds have been identified by applying sophisticated techniques such as mass spectrometry, and more mechanistic studies of these compounds have been performed using both in vitro and in vivo models. In addition, several well-designed, large, randomized, clinical trials have recently been published. We summarize these recent advances in the field of traditional medicines as they apply to CKD. In addition, current barriers for further research are also discussed. Due to the ongoing research in this field, we believe that stronger evidence to support the use of traditional medicines for CKD will emerge in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Madhav C Menon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yueyi Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY.
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