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Mejía C, Bautista EJ, García L, Barrios Murcia JC, Barrera G. Assessment of Fungal Lytic Enzymatic Extracts Produced Under Submerged Fermentation as Enhancers of Entomopathogens' Biological Activity. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:217. [PMID: 38852107 PMCID: PMC11162973 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03702-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The application of enzymes in agricultural fields has been little explored. One potential application of fungal lytic enzymes (chitinases, lipases, and proteases) is as an additive to current biopesticides to increase their efficacy and reduce the time of mortality. For this, a screening of lytic overproducer fungi under submerged fermentation with a chemical-defined medium was performed. Then, the enzymatic crude extract (ECE) was concentrated and partially characterized. This characterization consisted of measuring the enzymatic activity (lipase, protease and, chitinase) and determining the enzyme stability after storage at temperatures of - 80, - 20 and, 4 °C. And lastly, the application of these concentrated enzymatic crude extracts (C-ECE) as an enhancer of spores-based fungal biopesticide was proven. Beauveria were not as good producers of lytic enzymes as the strains from Trichoderma and Metarhizium. The isolate M. robertsii Mt015 was selected for the co-production of chitinases and proteases; and the isolate T. harzianum Th180 for co-production of chitinases, lipases, and proteases. The C-ECE of Mt015 had a protease activity of 18.6 ± 1.1 U ml-1, chitinase activity of 0.28 ± 0.01 U ml-1, and no lipase activity. Meanwhile, the C-ECE of Th180 reached a chitinase activity of 0.75 U ml-1, lipase activity of 0.32 U ml-1, and protease activity of 0.24 U ml-1. Finally, an enhancing effect of the enzymatic extracts of M. robertsii (66.7%) and T. harzianum (43.5%) on the efficacy of B. bassiana Bv064 against Diatraea saccharalis larvae was observed. This work demonstrates the non-species-specific enhancing effect of enzymatic extracts on the insecticidal activity of conidial-based biopesticides, which constitutes a contribution to the improvement of biological control agents' performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Mejía
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
| | - Eddy J Bautista
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Sede Central, Km 14 Vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Lorena García
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Barrios Murcia
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Sede Central, Km 14 Vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Gloria Barrera
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
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Rodríguez-Mejía JL, Hidalgo-Manzano IA, Muriel-Millán LF, Rivera-Gomez N, Sahonero-Canavesi DX, Castillo E, Pardo-López L. A Novel Thermo-Alkaline Stable GDSL/SGNH Esterase with Broad Substrate Specificity from a Deep-Sea Pseudomonas sp. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:447-459. [PMID: 38691271 PMCID: PMC11178605 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10308-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Marine environments harbor a plethora of microorganisms that represent a valuable source of new biomolecules of biotechnological interest. In particular, enzymes from marine bacteria exhibit unique properties due to their high catalytic activity under various stressful and fluctuating conditions, such as temperature, pH, and salinity, fluctuations which are common during several industrial processes. In this study, we report a new esterase (EstGoM) from a marine Pseudomonas sp. isolated at a depth of 1000 m in the Gulf of Mexico. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that EstGoM is an autotransporter esterase (type Va) and belongs to the lipolytic family II, forming a new subgroup. The purified recombinant EstGoM, with a molecular mass of 67.4 kDa, showed the highest hydrolytic activity with p-nitrophenyl octanoate (p-NP C8), although it was also active against p-NP C4, C5, C10, and C12. The optimum pH and temperature for EstGoM were 9 and 60 °C, respectively, but it retained more than 50% of its activity over the pH range of 7-11 and temperature range of 10-75 °C. In addition, EstGoM was tolerant of up to 1 M NaCl and resistant to the presence of several metal ions, detergents, and chemical reagents, such as EDTA and β-mercaptoethanol. The enzymatic properties of EstGoM make it a potential candidate for several industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Rodríguez-Mejía
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, México
- Edificio Dr. Carlos Méndez, Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Campus Central Colima; Avenida 25 de Julio #965, Col. V. Sn. Sebastián, C.P. 28045, Colima, Colima, México
| | - Itzel Anahí Hidalgo-Manzano
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, México
| | - Luis Felipe Muriel-Millán
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, México
| | - Nancy Rivera-Gomez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, México
- IPN: CICATA Unidad Morelos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. de La Tecnologia 1036-P 2/2, 62790, Atlacholoaya, Morelos, México
| | - Diana X Sahonero-Canavesi
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, México
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 1797AB Den Burg, P.O. Box 59, Texel, Netherlands
| | - Edmundo Castillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, México.
| | - Liliana Pardo-López
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, México.
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Hutchison ER, Yen MI, Peng HW, Davis CR, Vivas EI, Tallon MM, Bui TPN, de Vos WM, Yen CLE, Nieuwdorp M, Rey FE. The gut microbiome modulates the impact of Anaerobutyricum soehngenii supplementation on glucose homeostasis in mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4324489. [PMID: 38746233 PMCID: PMC11092834 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4324489/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Background There is growing interest in the development of next-generation probiotics to prevent or treat metabolic syndrome. Previous studies suggested that Anaerobutyricum soehngenii may represent a promising probiotic candidate. A recent human study showed that while A. soehngenii supplementation is well tolerated and safe, it resulted in variable responses among individuals with a subset of the subjects significantly benefiting from the treatment. We hypothesized that gut microbiome variation is linked to the heterogeneous responses to A. soehngenii treatment observed in humans. Results We colonized germ-free mice with fecal microbiota from human subjects that responded to A. soehngenii treatment (R65 and R55) and non-responder subjects (N96 and N40). Colonized mice were fed a high-fat diet (45% kcal from fat) to induce insulin resistance, and orally treated with either live A. soehngenii culture or heat-killed culture. We found that R65-colonized mice received a benefit in glycemic control with live A. soehngenii treatment while mice colonized with microbiota from the other donors did not. The glucose homeostasis improvements observed in R65-colonized mice were positively correlated with levels of cecal propionate, an association that was reversed in N40-colonized mice. To test whether the microbiome modulates the effects of propionate, R65- or N40-colonized mice were treated with tripropionin (TP, glycerol tripropionate), a pro-drug of propionate, or glycerol (control). TP supplementation showed a similar response pattern as that observed in live A. soehngenii treatment, suggesting that propionate may mediate the effects of A. soehngenii. We also found that TP supplementation to conventional mice reduces adiposity, improves glycemic control, and reduces plasma insulin compared to control animals supplemented with glycerol. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of the microbiome on glycemic control and underscore the need to better understand personal microbiome-by-therapeutic interactions to develop more effective treatment strategies.
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Mejía C, Rocha J, Sanabria J, Gómez-Álvarez MI, Quiroga-Cubides G. Performance of Metarhizium rileyi Nm017: nutritional supplementation to improve production and quality conidia. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:89. [PMID: 38406641 PMCID: PMC10894167 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of nutritional supplements on improving conidia production of Metarhizium rileyi Nm017 at laboratory scale (yields of conidia/substrate and biomass/substrate, and substrate consumption). Also, the influence on quality parameters were evaluated (germination at 36 and 48 h, enzymatic activity, and insecticidal activity on Helicoverpa zea). Six treatments (T1-T6) were assessed and all of them reached maximum conidia concentration after 7 days fermentation, a feasible production timetable. Yields from treatment T6 (yeast extract + V8 juice) were 1.5-threefold higher than the other treatments. Conidia from T6 reached germinations of 56% and 12% at 36 and 48 h, respectively, higher than T1 (without supplements), which had the lowest values found. M. rileyi conidia obtained from treatment T6 had the highest enzymatic activity (0.45 U chitinase g-1, 0.28 U lipase g-1, and 1.29 U protease g-1). However, treatments with the highest conidia yields and enzymatic activity were not positively correlated to the efficacy against H. zea. When M. rileyi was produced on T5 (yeast hydrolysate + V8 juice), conidia were 35% more virulent than treatment T6. The findings evidenced the noticeable impact of nutritional substrate amended for conidia production and quality. This work showed the relevance of insecticidal activity assessment as a selection criterion in the mass production development of a biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Mejía
- Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-Agrosavia, Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, 250047 Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Jaime Rocha
- Departamento de Bioproductos, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-Agrosavia, Sede Central. Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, 250047 Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Johanna Sanabria
- Departamento de Bioproductos, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-Agrosavia, Sede Central. Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, 250047 Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Martha Isabel Gómez-Álvarez
- Departamento de Bioproductos, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-Agrosavia, Sede Central. Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, 250047 Mosquera, Colombia
| | - Ginna Quiroga-Cubides
- Departamento de Bioproductos, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-Agrosavia, Sede Central. Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, 250047 Mosquera, Colombia
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Ariaeenejad S, Gharechahi J, Foroozandeh Shahraki M, Fallah Atanaki F, Han JL, Ding XZ, Hildebrand F, Bahram M, Kavousi K, Hosseini Salekdeh G. Precision enzyme discovery through targeted mining of metagenomic data. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:7. [PMID: 38200389 PMCID: PMC10781932 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Metagenomics has opened new avenues for exploring the genetic potential of uncultured microorganisms, which may serve as promising sources of enzymes and natural products for industrial applications. Identifying enzymes with improved catalytic properties from the vast amount of available metagenomic data poses a significant challenge that demands the development of novel computational and functional screening tools. The catalytic properties of all enzymes are primarily dictated by their structures, which are predominantly determined by their amino acid sequences. However, this aspect has not been fully considered in the enzyme bioprospecting processes. With the accumulating number of available enzyme sequences and the increasing demand for discovering novel biocatalysts, structural and functional modeling can be employed to identify potential enzymes with novel catalytic properties. Recent efforts to discover new polysaccharide-degrading enzymes from rumen metagenome data using homology-based searches and machine learning-based models have shown significant promise. Here, we will explore various computational approaches that can be employed to screen and shortlist metagenome-derived enzymes as potential biocatalyst candidates, in conjunction with the wet lab analytical methods traditionally used for enzyme characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Ariaeenejad
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Javad Gharechahi
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Foroozandeh Shahraki
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Fallah Atanaki
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jian-Lin Han
- Livestock Genetics Program, International Livestock Research, Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory On Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xue-Zhi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Falk Hildebrand
- Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
- Digital Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 756 51, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Kujur RRA, Ghosh M, Basak S, Das SK. Phylogeny and structural insights of lipase from Halopseudomonas maritima sp. nov., isolated from sea sand. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:1021-1031. [PMID: 37076723 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
A Gram-negative, aerobic bacterial strain RR6T was isolated from the sea sand to produce lipase and proposed as a novel species of Halopseudomonas. The optimum growth occurred at 28-37 °C, and the pH was 6.0-8.0. The optimum growth occurred at 3.0 -6.5% (w/v) NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids were C10:0 3OH, C12:0, C16:1 ω7c/16:1 ω6c, 18:1 ω7c and/or 18:1 ω6c, and C16:0. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, unidentified phospholipid, and unidentified lipids. The genome is 3.93 Mb, and the G + C content is 61.3%. The 16S rRNA gene sequences shared 99.73-99.87% sequence similarity with the closely related type strains of Halopseudomonas. The average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity of strain RR6T with reference type strains were below 95-96%, and the corresponding in-silico DNA-DNA hybridization values were below 70%. Strain RR6T clustered with Halopseudomonas gallaeciensis V113T and Halopseudomonas pachastrellae CCUG 46540 T in the phylogenetic tree. Further, lipase produced by this bacterium belongs to α/β hydrolase lipase family and exhibits structural similarity to the lactonizing lipase. Based on the polyphasic analysis, the new isolates RR6T represent a novel species of Halopseudomonas for which Halopseudomonas maritima sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RR6T (= NBRC 115418 T = TBRC 15628 T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Rani Archana Kujur
- Institute of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, India
- Regional Center of Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana (NCR Delhi), India
| | - Manisha Ghosh
- Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, 700 010, India
| | - Surajit Basak
- Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, 700 010, India
| | - Subrata K Das
- Institute of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, India.
- Regional Center of Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3Rd Milestone, Faridabad, Haryana (NCR Delhi), India.
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Rojas-Vargas J, Muriel-Millán LF, Pardo-López L. Draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas sp. GOM6, a lipolytic strain isolated from seawater of the Gulf of Mexico. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023; 12:e0034823. [PMID: 37470493 PMCID: PMC10508103 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00348-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We report here the draft genome sequence of a marine Pseudomonas sp. novel species with lipase activity isolated from a deep-sea water sample of the Gulf of Mexico. The genome consists of 4.3 Mbp in 48 contigs.
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Weng X, Wang C, Yuan YU, Wang Z, Kuang J, Yan XU, Chen H. Effect of Cold Exposure and Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity and Serum Free Fatty Acids in Obese Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1409-1415. [PMID: 36924336 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the effect of exercise and cold exposure on insulin sensitivity and the level of serum free fatty acids (FFA) in diet-induced obese rats. METHODS Sixty-four diet-induced obese rats were randomly assigned to eight groups: room temperature-sedentary, room temperature-exercise, acute cold exposure-sedentary, acute cold exposure-exercise, intermittent cold exposure-sedentary, intermittent cold exposure-exercise, sustained cold exposure-sedentary, and sustained cold exposure-exercise. After the interventions, the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values, the level of serum FFA, subcutaneous fat ratio (SFR) and visceral fat ratio, enzyme activities of adipose triglyceride lipase, and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in inguinal adipose tissue, and protein expression of PGC1-α and p38 MAPK in skeletal muscle were investigated. RESULTS We found that exercise ( P = 0.0136) and cold exposure ( P < 0.0001) reduced HOMA-IR values independently. Exercise reduced serum FFA ( P = 0.0041), whereas cold exposure did not affect them. Moreover, the HOMA-IR values were positively correlated with the serum FFA levels ( r = 0.32, P = 0.01). SFR or visceral fat ratio was coordinately reduced by the interaction (for SFR, P = 0.0015) or opposing main effects between or of cold exposure and exercise, supporting the reduction of serum FFA. However, cold exposure or exercise increased the activity of adipose triglyceride lipase and LPL independently or interactively (for LPL, P = 0.0143), suggesting an increase in serum FFA. Finally, cold exposure and exercise enhanced protein expression of PGC1-α and p38 MAPK independently or interactively (for p38 MAPK, P = 0.0226), suggesting increased uptake and oxidation of serum FFA in muscle. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the combination of exercise and cold exposure may result in more serum FFA utilization than production and thus lead to reduced serum FFA and increased insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiquan Weng
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, CHINA
| | | | - Y U Yuan
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, CHINA
| | - Zhenhuan Wang
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | | | | | - Hao Chen
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, CHINA
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Khan SS, Verma V, Rasool S. Purification and characterization of lipase enzyme from endophytic Bacillus pumilus WSS5 for application in detergent industry. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Comparative characterization of baking lipase substrate specificities using emulsions and the p-nitrophenyl assay. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Stemler CD, Scherf KA. Improvement of cake baking properties by lipases compared to a traditional emulsifier. Food Chem X 2022; 15:100442. [PMID: 36211741 PMCID: PMC9532760 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipases can improve the baking characteristics of different cakes. In comparison to DATEM they lead to softer products and less staling. The use of eggs or yeast diminishes the improvement by lipases. Lipase activity and specificity influence the extent of improvement.
Lipases are commonly used as clean-label improvers for bread. However, their potential use in cakes with different formulations remains unknown. The aim was to analyze the effects of seven baking lipases on three different cake formulations (an eggless cake, a pound cake with eggs and a yeast-based cake) in comparison to a traditional emulsifier. Product density, water loss during baking and product texture were assessed. If and to what extent the product quality was improved depended on both the lipase and the cake formulation. Lipase-induced effects mostly exceeded those of the emulsifier and were most pronounced in formulations without intrinsic emulsifiers like eggs. The lipases differed in their extent of improvement, hinting at the importance of their specific reactivity patterns and the resulting range of interactions with macromolecules. Further research is needed to unravel the mechanistic background of baking quality improvement in cakes.
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Priyanka P, Kinsella GK, Henehan GT, Ryan BJ. Listeria monocytogenes is a solvent tolerant organism secreting a solvent stable lipase: potential biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:1139-1147. [PMID: 36006575 PMCID: PMC9481501 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The emerging biobased economy will require robust, adaptable, organisms for the production and processing of biomaterials as well as for bioremediation. Recently, the search for solvent tolerant organisms and solvent tolerant enzymes has intensified. Resilient organisms secreting solvent stable lipases are of particular interest for biotechnological applications. Methods Screening of soil samples for lipase-producing organisms was carried out on Rhodamine B plates. The most productive lipase-producing organisms were further screened for their resistance to solvents commonly used in biotechnological applications. Results In the course of screening, one of the isolated organisms that exhibited extracellular lipase activity, was identified as the human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes through 16S rRNA sequencing. Further exploration revealed that this organism was resistant to solvents ranging from log P − 0.81 to 4.0. Moreover, in the presence of these solvents, L. monocytogenes secreted an extracellular, solvent tolerant, lipase activity. This lipase retained approximately 80% activity when incubated in 30% (v/v) methanol for 24 h. Conclusion These findings identify L. monocytogenes as a potentially useful organism for biotechnological applications. However, the fact that Listeria is a pathogen is problematic and it will require the use of non-pathogenic or attenuated Listeria strains for practical applications. Nonetheless, the ability to adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions, to grow at low temperatures, to resist solvents and to secrete an extracellular solvent tolerant lipase are unique and highly useful characteristics. The potential application of L. monocytogenes in wastewater bioremediation and plastics degradation is discussed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10529-022-03284-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Priyanka
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 ADY7, Ireland
| | - Gemma K Kinsella
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 ADY7, Ireland.
| | - Gary T Henehan
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 ADY7, Ireland
| | - Barry J Ryan
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 ADY7, Ireland
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Different Effects of Salt Bridges near the Active Site of Cold-Adapted Proteus mirabilis Lipase on Thermal and Organic Solvent Stabilities. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic solvent-tolerant (OST) enzymes have been discovered in psychrophiles. Cold-adapted OST enzymes exhibit increased conformational flexibility in polar organic solvents resulting from their intrinsically flexible structures. Proteus mirabilis lipase (PML), a cold-adapted OST lipase, was used to assess the contribution of salt bridges near the active site involving two arginine residues (R237 and R241) on the helix η1 and an aspartate residue (D248) on the connecting loop to the thermal and organic solvent stabilities of PML. Alanine substitutions for the ion pairs (R237A, R241A, D248A, and R237A/D248A) increased the conformational flexibility of PML mutants compared to that of the wild-type PML in an aqueous buffer. The PML mutants became more susceptible to denaturation after increasing the dimethyl sulfoxide or methanol concentration than after a temperature increase. Methanol was more detrimental to the structural stability of PML compared to dimethyl sulfoxide. These results suggest that direct interactions of dimethyl sulfoxide and methanol with the residues near the active site can have a destructive effect on the structure of PML compared with the global effect of heat on the protein structure. This study provides insight into the conformational changes within an OST enzyme with different effects on its thermal and organic solvent stabilities.
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Lu M, Schneider D, Daniel R. Metagenomic Screening for Lipolytic Genes Reveals an Ecology-Clustered Distribution Pattern. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:851969. [PMID: 35756004 PMCID: PMC9226776 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.851969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipolytic enzymes are one of the most important enzyme types for application in various industrial processes. Despite the continuously increasing demand, only a small portion of the so far encountered lipolytic enzymes exhibit adequate stability and activities for biotechnological applications. To explore novel and/or extremophilic lipolytic enzymes, microbial consortia in two composts at thermophilic stage were analyzed using function-driven and sequence-based metagenomic approaches. Analysis of community composition by amplicon-based 16S rRNA genes and transcripts, and direct metagenome sequencing revealed that the communities of the compost samples were dominated by members of the phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi. Function-driven screening of the metagenomic libraries constructed from the two samples yielded 115 unique lipolytic enzymes. The family assignment of these enzymes was conducted by analyzing the phylogenetic relationship and generation of a protein sequence similarity network according to an integrated classification system. The sequence-based screening was performed by using a newly developed database, containing a set of profile Hidden Markov models, highly sensitive and specific for detection of lipolytic enzymes. By comparing the lipolytic enzymes identified through both approaches, we demonstrated that the activity-directed complements sequence-based detection, and vice versa. The sequence-based comparative analysis of lipolytic genes regarding diversity, function and taxonomic origin derived from 175 metagenomes indicated significant differences between habitats. Analysis of the prevalent and distinct microbial groups providing the lipolytic genes revealed characteristic patterns and groups driven by ecological factors. The here presented data suggests that the diversity and distribution of lipolytic genes in metagenomes of various habitats are largely constrained by ecological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rolf Daniel
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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15
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Reactivity of a Recombinant Esterase from Thermus thermophilus HB27 in Aqueous and Organic Media. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050915. [PMID: 35630360 PMCID: PMC9143606 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermoalkalophilic membrane-associated esterase E34Tt from Thermus thermophilus HB27 was cloned and expressed in Kluyveromyces lactis (KLEST-3S esterase). The recombinant enzyme was tested as a biocatalyst in aqueous and organic media. It displayed a high thermal stability and was active in the presence of 10% (v/v) organic solvents and 1% (w/v) detergents. KLEST-3S hydrolysed triglycerides of various acyl chains, which is a rare characteristic among carboxylic ester hydrolases from extreme thermophiles, with maximum activity on tributyrin. It also displayed interfacial activation towards triacetin. KLEST-3S was also tested as a biocatalyst in organic media. The esterase provided high yields for the acetylation of alcohols. In addition, KLEST-3S catalyzed the stereoselective hydrolysis of (R,S)-ibuprofen methyl ester (87% ee). Our results indicate that KLEST-3S may be a robust and efficient biocatalyst for application in industrial bioconversions.
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Hydrolysis of Methylumbeliferyl Substrate Proxies for Esterase Activities as Indicator for Microbial Oil Degradation in the Ocean: Evidence from Observations in the Aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (Gulf of Mexico). JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Biological oil weathering facilitated by specialized heterotrophic microbial communities plays a key role in the fate of petroleum hydrocarbon in the ocean. The most common methods of assessing oil biodegradation involve (i) measuring changes in the composition and concentration of oil over time and/or (ii) biological incubations with stable or radio-labelled substrates. Both methods provide robust and invaluable information on hydrocarbon biodegradation pathways; however, they also require extensive sample processing and are expensive in nature. More convenient ways to assess activities within microbial oil degradation networks involve measuring extracellular enzyme activity. This perspective article synthesizes previously published results from studies conducted in the aftermath of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DwH) oil spill in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM), to test the hypothesis that fluorescence assays of esterases, including lipase activity, are sensitive indicators for microbial oil degradation in the ocean. In agreement with the rates and patterns of enzyme activity in oil-contaminated seawater and sediments in the nGoM, we found close correlations between esterase activity measured by means of methylumbeliferyl (MUF) oleate and MUF butyrate hydrolysis, and the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in two separate laboratory incubations using surface (<1 m) and deep nGoM waters (>1200 m). Correlations between esterase activities and oil were driven by the presence of chemical dispersants, suggesting a connection to the degree of oil dissolution in the medium. Our results clearly show that esterase activities measured with fluorogenic substrate proxies are a good indicator for oil biodegradation in the ocean; however, there are certain factors as discussed in this study that need to be taken into consideration while utilizing this approach.
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Metagenomic Approaches as a Tool to Unravel Promising Biocatalysts from Natural Resources: Soil and Water. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12040385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural resources are considered a promising source of microorganisms responsible for producing biocatalysts with great relevance in several industrial areas. However, a significant fraction of the environmental microorganisms remains unknown or unexploited due to the limitations associated with their cultivation in the laboratory through classical techniques. Metagenomics has emerged as an innovative and strategic approach to explore these unculturable microorganisms through the analysis of DNA extracted from environmental samples. In this review, a detailed discussion is presented on the application of metagenomics to unravel the biotechnological potential of natural resources for the discovery of promising biocatalysts. An extensive bibliographic survey was carried out between 2010 and 2021, covering diverse metagenomic studies using soil and/or water samples from different types and locations. The review comprises, for the first time, an overview of the worldwide metagenomic studies performed in soil and water and provides a complete and global vision of the enzyme diversity associated with each specific environment.
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Shahraki MF, Atanaki FF, Ariaeenejad S, Ghaffari MR, Norouzi‐Beirami MH, Maleki M, Salekdeh GH, Kavousi K. A computational learning paradigm to targeted discovery of biocatalysts from metagenomic data: a case study of lipase identification. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:1115-1128. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.28037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Foroozandeh Shahraki
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Fereshteh Fallah Atanaki
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Shohreh Ariaeenejad
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ghaffari
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Norouzi‐Beirami
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran Tehran Iran
- Department of Computer Engineering Osku Branch, Islamic Azad University Osku Iran
| | - Morteza Maleki
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj Iran
- Department of Molecular Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran Tehran Iran
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de Medeiros WRDB, de Paiva WKV, Diniz DS, Padilha CEDA, de Azevedo WM, de Assis CF, dos Santos ES, de Sousa Junior FC. Low-cost approaches to producing and concentrating stable lipases and the evaluation of inductors. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-022-00223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Sánchez DA, Alnoch RC, Tonetto GM, Krieger N, Ferreira ML. Immobilization and bioimprinting strategies to enhance the performance in organic medium of the metagenomic lipase LipC12. J Biotechnol 2021; 342:13-27. [PMID: 34634391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present work evaluates the immobilization of LipC12 on different supports in tandem with bioimprinting technique, in order to improve its activity and stability in organic medium. Oleic acid was selected as the bioimprinting molecule. The immobilized LipC12 was applied in the synthesis of pentyl oleate by esterification reaction and in the production of fatty acids, mono, and diglycerides via hydrolysis of triacylglycerols, in n-heptane reaction media. For all immobilized lipase preparations, an increase in the conversion of oleic acid to pentyl oleate was observed when immobilization in tandem with bioimprinting treatment was carried out versus immobilization without bioimprinting. The highest conversions were achieved using LipC12 immobilized on hydrophobic supports. The reuse potential of the immobilized preparations was evaluated. The preparations were used in eight successive cycles of esterification reactions and the best results were obtained for LipC12 immobilized on Immobead 150 and chitosan. The activity for the hydrolysis of soybean oil was improved by bioimprinting treatment only for LipC12 immobilized on commercial polypropylene and Accurel MP-1000. LipC12 immobilized on hydrophilic supports or on Immobead150 could be used to hydrolyze tricaprylin to obtain diglycerides with a high proportion of 1,2-diglycerides in reaction times as short as 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alberto Sánchez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Planta Piloto de Ingeniería, Química - PLAPIQUI (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina.
| | - Robson Carlos Alnoch
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paul, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. P. 19046 Centro Politécnico, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Marta Tonetto
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Planta Piloto de Ingeniería, Química - PLAPIQUI (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Nadia Krieger
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. P. 19081 Centro Politécnico, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - María Lujan Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Planta Piloto de Ingeniería, Química - PLAPIQUI (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
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21
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Court EK, Chaudhuri RR, Kapoore RV, Villa RX, Pandhal J, Biggs CA, Stafford GP. Looking through the FOG: microbiome characterization and lipolytic bacteria isolation from a fatberg site. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2021; 167. [PMID: 34870579 PMCID: PMC8744997 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sewer systems are complex physical, chemical and microbial ecosystems where fats, oils and grease (FOG) present a major problem for sewer management. Their accumulation can lead to blockages (‘Fatbergs’), sewer overflows and disruption of downstream wastewater treatment. Further advancements of biological FOG treatments need to be tailored to degrade the FOG, and operate successfully within the sewer environment. In this study we developed a pipeline for isolation of lipolytic strains directly from two FOG blockage sites in the UK, and isolated a range of highly lipolytic bacteria. We selected the five most lipolytic strains using Rhodamine B agar plates and pNP-Fatty acid substrates, with two Serratia spp., two Klebsiella spp. and an environmental Acinetobacter strain that all have the capacity to grow on FOG-based carbon sources. Their genome sequences identified the genetic capacity for fatty acid harvesting (lipases), catabolism and utilization (Fad genes). Furthermore, we performed a preliminary molecular characterization of the microbial community at these sites, showing a diverse community of environmental bacteria at each site, but which did include evidence of sequences related to our isolates. This study provides proof of concept to isolation strategies targeting Fatberg sites to yield candidate strains with bioremediation potential for FOG in the wastewater network. Our work sets the foundation for development of novel bioadditions tailored to the environment with non-pathogenic Acinetobacter identified as a candidate for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Court
- Integrated BioScience Group, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Roy R Chaudhuri
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rahul V Kapoore
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Raffaella X Villa
- Department of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Jagroop Pandhal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Catherine A Biggs
- Environmental Engineering Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Graham P Stafford
- Integrated BioScience Group, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Rodríguez G JE, Brojanigo S, Basaglia M, Favaro L, Casella S. Efficient production of polyhydroxybutyrate from slaughterhouse waste using a recombinant strain of Cupriavidus necator DSM 545. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148754. [PMID: 34225137 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Slaughterhouse residues are greatly available and can pose a threat to the environment if not disposed of correctly. Such by-products can be proficiently processed into polyhydroxyalkanoates by accurately selected and developed bacterial strains. Cupriavidus necator DSM 545, one of the most efficient polyhydroxyalkanoates-producing strain, cannot grow well on fatty substrates. In this work, a recombinant lipolytic C. necator microbe was developed for the efficient conversion of slaughtering by-products into polyhydroxyalkanoates. Two lipase sequences, lipC and lipH of Pseudomonas stutzeri BT3, were effectively expressed in C. necator DSM 545. The engineered strain C. necator DSM 545 JR11, selected for the outstanding extracellular lipolytic activity, produced high levels of polyhydroxyalkanoates (nearly 65% of cell dry mass) from udder, jowl and membrane caul fat. This research is crucial to the cost-effective one-step processing of slaughterhouse waste into polyhydroxyalkanoates with useful applications in several industrial and medical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús E Rodríguez G
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Silvia Brojanigo
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Marina Basaglia
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Favaro
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Sergio Casella
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
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Welz P, Swanepoel G, Weels S, Le Roes-Hill M. Wastewater from the Edible Oil Industry as a Potential Source of Lipase- and Surfactant-Producing Actinobacteria. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091987. [PMID: 34576882 PMCID: PMC8465459 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewaters generated from various stages of edible oil production in a canola processing facility were collected with the aim of determining the presence of lipase-producing actinobacteria of potential industrial significance. The high chemical oxygen demand (COD) readings (up to 86,700 mg L−1 in some samples) indicated that the wastewater exhibited the nutritional potential to support bacterial growth. A novel approach was developed for the isolation of metagenomic DNA from the oil-rich wastewater samples. Microbiota analysis of the buffer tank and refinery condensate tank wastewater samples showed a dominance of Cutibacterium acnes subsp. defendens, followed by a limited number of other actinobacterial genera, indicating the presence of a highly specialized actinobacterial population. Cultured isolates with typical actinobacterial morphology were analyzed for their ability to produce lipases and biosurfactants. Two strains, designated as BT3 and BT4, exhibited the highest lipase production levels when grown in the presence of tributyrin and olive oil (1.39 U mg−1 crude protein and 0.8 U mg−1 crude protein, respectively) and were subsequently definitively identified by genome sequencing to be related to Streptomyces albidoflavus. Cultivation of the strains in media containing different types of oils did not markedly increase the level of enzyme production, with the exception of strain BT4 (1.0 U mg−1 crude protein in the presence of peanut oil). Genome sequencing of the two strains, BT3 and BT4, revealed the presence of a range of lipase and esterase genes that may be involved in the production of the enzymes detected in this study. The presence of gene clusters involved in the production of biosurfactants were also detected, notably moreso in strain BT3 than BT4.
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Thermostable lipases and their dynamics of improved enzymatic properties. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7069-7094. [PMID: 34487207 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11520-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermal stability is one of the most desirable characteristics in the search for novel lipases. The search for thermophilic microorganisms for synthesising functional enzyme biocatalysts with the ability to withstand high temperature, and capacity to maintain their native state in extreme conditions opens up new opportunities for their biotechnological applications. Thermophilic organisms are one of the most favoured organisms, whose distinctive characteristics are extremely related to their cellular constituent particularly biologically active proteins. Modifications on the enzyme structure are critical in optimizing the stability of enzyme to thermophilic conditions. Thermostable lipases are one of the most favourable enzymes used in food industries, pharmaceutical field, and actively been studied as potential biocatalyst in biodiesel production and other biotechnology application. Particularly, there is a trade-off between the use of enzymes in high concentration of organic solvents and product generation. Enhancement of the enzyme stability needs to be achieved for them to maintain their enzymatic activity regardless the environment. Various approaches on protein modification applied since decades ago conveyed a better understanding on how to improve the enzymatic properties in thermophilic bacteria. In fact, preliminary approach using advanced computational analysis is practically conducted before any modification is being performed experimentally. Apart from that, isolation of novel extremozymes from various microorganisms are offering great frontier in explaining the crucial native interaction within the molecules which could help in protein engineering. In this review, the thermostability prospect of lipases and the utility of protein engineering insights into achieving functional industrial usefulness at their high temperature habitat are highlighted. Similarly, the underlying thermodynamic and structural basis that defines the forces that stabilize these thermostable lipase is discussed. KEY POINTS: • The dynamics of lipases contributes to their non-covalent interactions and structural stability. • Thermostability can be enhanced by well-established genetic tools for improved kinetic efficiency. • Molecular dynamics greatly provides structure-function insights on thermodynamics of lipase.
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Maldonado MR, Alnoch RC, de Almeida JM, Santos LAD, Andretta AT, Ropaín RDPC, de Souza EM, Mitchell DA, Krieger N. Key mutation sites for improvement of the enantioselectivity of lipases through protein engineering. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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26
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Tayyrov A, Wei C, Fetz C, Goryachkin A, Schächle P, Nyström L, Künzler M. Cytoplasmic Lipases-A Novel Class of Fungal Defense Proteins Against Nematodes. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2021; 2:696972. [PMID: 37744157 PMCID: PMC10512399 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.696972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Fungi are an attractive food source for predators such as fungivorous nematodes. Several fungal defense proteins and their protective mechanisms against nematodes have been described. Many of these proteins are lectins which are stored in the cytoplasm of the fungal cells and bind to specific glycan epitopes in the digestive tract of the nematode upon ingestion. Here, we studied two novel nematotoxic proteins with lipase domains from the model mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea. These cytoplasmically localized proteins were found to be induced in the vegetative mycelium of C. cinerea upon challenge with fungivorous nematode Aphelenchus avenae. The proteins showed nematotoxicity when heterologously expressed in E. coli and fed to several bacterivorous nematodes. Site-specific mutagenesis of predicted catalytic residues eliminated the in-vitro lipase activity of the proteins and significantly reduced their nematotoxicity, indicating the importance of the lipase activity for the nematotoxicity of these proteins. Our results suggest that cytoplasmic lipases constitute a novel class of fungal defense proteins against predatory nematodes. These findings improve our understanding of fungal defense mechanisms against predators and may find applications in the control of parasitic nematodes in agriculture and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annageldi Tayyrov
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chunyue Wei
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Fetz
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandr Goryachkin
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schächle
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Nyström
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Künzler
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Özdemir Fİ, Tülek A, Erdoğan D. Identification and Heterologous Production of a Lipase from Geobacillus kaustophilus DSM 7263 T and Tailoring Its N-Terminal by a His-Tag Epitope. Protein J 2021; 40:436-447. [PMID: 33856621 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-09987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lipases are versatile biocatalysts with many biotechnological applications and the necessity of screening, production and characterization of new lipases from diverse microbial strains to meet industrial needs is constantly emerging. In this study, the lipase gene (gklip) from a thermophilic bacterium, Geobacillus kaustophilus DSM 7263 T was cloned into the pET28a ( +) vector with N-terminal 6xHis-tag. The recombinant gklip gene was heterologously expressed in host E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Histidine tag was removed from the purified 6xHistag-Gklip enzyme with thrombin enzyme and the molecular mass was determined to be approximately 43 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Gklip showed optimal activity at pH 8.0 and 50 °C. The specific hydrolytic activities against substrates were significantly increased by the removal of the His-tag. Km and kcat values of Gklip against p-nitrophenyl palmitate (pNPP, 4-nitrophenyl palmitate) as the target substrate were found to be as 1.22 mM and 417.1 min-1, respectively. Removing His-tag changed the substrate preference of the enzyme leading to maximum lipolytic activity towards C10 and C12 lipids. Similarly, the activity against coconut oil that containing 62% medium-chain fatty acids was significantly higher than other oils. Furthermore, preservation of activity in the presence of inhibitors, organic solvents support the effect of lid structure of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- F İnci Özdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Tülek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Davut Erdoğan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Luz BDDAS, Sarrouh B, Bicas JL, Lofrano RCZ. Lipase production by microorganisms isolated from the Serra de Ouro Branco State Park. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20190672. [PMID: 33825790 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120190672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipases are hydrolases used in various sectors such as the food, pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis industries. In this study, epiphytic microorganisms were isolated from the Serra of Ouro Branco State Park (Minas Gerais, Brazil) and were subsequently evaluated for their ability to produce extracellular lipases. Among the 46 isolated strains, 25 presented positive results for lipase production in the agar plate screening assay. Two of these strains that expressed the highest diffusion halos, were genetically identified as Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas fluorescens and catalogued in the Tropical Cultures Collection from the André Tosello Foundation/Brazil as CCT 7796 and CCT 7797, respectively. The fermentation growth kinetics indicated that the maximum extracellular lipase activities were achieved between 96 and 120h of cultivation. The highest lipolytic activity for both strains was observed at an optimum temperature and pH of 37°C and 7.0, respectively. At these conditions, the lipase activity detected in the crude enzymatic extract of both strains was close to 15.0 U/mL. We consider that these species are promising lipase producers for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara D DA Silva Luz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (PPGTDS / UFSJ), Campus Alto Paraopeba, Rodovia MG 443, Km 07, 36420-000 Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil
| | - Boutros Sarrouh
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Departamento de Química, Biotecnologia e Engenharia de Bioprocessos (UFSJ/ DQBIO), Campus Alto Paraopeba, Rodovia MG 443, Km 07, 36420-000 Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliano L Bicas
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos (FEA), Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz" Barão Geraldo, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata C Z Lofrano
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ/ DEQUI), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus Alto Paraopeba, Rodovia MG 443, Km 07, 36420-000 Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil
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A Novel Carboxylesterase Derived from a Compost Metagenome Exhibiting High Stability and Activity towards High Salinity. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12010122. [PMID: 33478024 PMCID: PMC7835964 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Halotolerant lipolytic enzymes have gained growing interest, due to potential applications under harsh conditions, such as hypersalinity and presence of organic solvents. In this study, a lipolytic gene, est56, encoding 287 amino acids was identified by functional screening of a compost metagenome. Subsequently, the gene was heterologously expressed, and the recombinant protein (Est56) was purified and characterized. Est56 is a mesophilic (Topt 50 °C) and moderate alkaliphilic (pHopt 8) enzyme, showing high thermostability at 30 and 40 °C. Strikingly, Est56 is halotolerant as it exhibited high activity and stability in the presence of up to 4 M NaCl or KCl. Est56 also displayed enhanced stability against high temperatures (50 and 60 °C) and urea (2, 4, and 6 M) in the presence of NaCl. In addition, the recently reported halotolerant lipolytic enzymes were summarized. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these enzymes into 13 lipolytic protein families. The majority (45%) including Est56 belonged to family IV. To explore the haloadaptation of halotolerant enzymes, the amino acid composition between halotolerant and halophilic enzymes was statistically compared. The most distinctive feature of halophilic from non-halophilic enzymes are the higher content of acidic residues (Asp and Glu), and a lower content of lysine, aliphatic hydrophobic (Leu, Met and Ile) and polar (Asn) residues. The amino acid composition and 3-D structure analysis suggested that the high content of acidic residues (Asp and Glu, 12.2%) and low content of lysine residues (0.7%), as well as the excess of surface-exposed acidic residues might be responsible for the haloadaptation of Est56.
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Microbiota profiling and screening of the lipase active halotolerant yeasts of the olive brine. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:23. [PMID: 33428003 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02976-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Searching for novel enzymes that could be active in organic solvents has become an area of interest in recent years. Olive brine naturally provides a suitable environment for the survival of halophilic and acidophilic microorganisms and the resulting genome is thought to be a gene source for determining the halophilic and acidophilic proteins that are active in a non-aqueous organic solvent medium, and so it has been used in several biotechnological and industrial applications. In this study, microbial analysis of natural, cracked green olive brine from the southern region of Turkey has been made by next-generation sequencing of the brine metagenome for the first time in the literature. The number of reads assigned to fungal operational taxonomic units was the highest percentage (73.04%) with the dominant representation of Ascomycota phylum (99% of fungi). Bacterial OTU was 3.56% of the reads and Proteobacteria phylum was 65% of the reads. The lipase production capacity of the yeasts that were grown on the media containing elevated concentrations of NaCl (1-3 M) was determined on a Rhodamine B-including medium. Molecular identification of the selected yeasts was performed and 90% of sequenced yeasts had a high level of similarity with Candida diddensiae, whereas 10% showed similarity to Candida boidinii. The hydrolytic lipase activities using olive oil were analyzed and both yeasts showed cell-bound lipase activity at pH 3.0.
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Savickaite A, Druteika G, Sadauskas M, Malunavicius V, Lastauskiene E, Gudiukaite R. Study of individual domains' functionality in fused lipolytic biocatalysts based on Geobacillus lipases and esterases. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:261-271. [PMID: 33301847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The prospects of industrial uses of microbial enzymes have increased greatly during the 21st century. Fused lipolytic enzymes (where one or both fused domains possess lipolytic activity) is a rapidly growing group of industrial biocatalysts. However, the most effective fusion strategy, catalytic behavior of each domain and influence of added linkers on physicochemical and kinetic characteristics of such biocatalysts has not been yet explored. In this study the functionality of individual domains in fused lipolytic enzymes, while using GDEst-lip, GDLip-lip and GDEst-est enzymes as a model system, is analyzed for the first time. Analysis of mutant GDEst-lip, GDLip-lip and GDEst-est variants, where one domain is inactive, showed that both domains retained their activity, although the reduction in specific activity of individual domains has been detected. Moreover, experimental data proposed that the N-terminal domain mostly influenced the thermostability, while the C-terminal domain was responsible for thermal activity. GDEst-lip variants fused by using rigid (EAAELAAE) and flexible (GGSELSGG) linkers indicated that a unique restriction site or a rigid linker is the most preferable fusion strategy to develop new chimeric biocatalysts with domains of Geobacillus lipolytic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Savickaite
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis avenue 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gytis Druteika
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis avenue 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mikas Sadauskas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis avenue 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilius Malunavicius
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis avenue 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egle Lastauskiene
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis avenue 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Renata Gudiukaite
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis avenue 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Priyanka P, Kinsella GK, Henehan GT, Ryan BJ. Isolation and characterization of a novel thermo-solvent-stable lipase from Pseudomonas brenneri and its application in biodiesel synthesis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
Enzyme-mediated esterification reactions can be a promising alternative to produce esters of commercial interest, replacing conventional chemical processes. The aim of this work was to verify the potential of an esterase for ester synthesis. For that, recombinant lipolytic enzyme EST5 was purified and presented higher activity at pH 7.5, 45 °C, with a Tm of 47 °C. Also, the enzyme remained at least 50% active at low temperatures and exhibited broad substrate specificity toward p-nitrophenol esters with highest activity for p-nitrophenyl valerate with a Kcat/Km of 1533 s−1 mM−1. This esterase exerted great properties that make it useful for industrial applications, since EST5 remained stable in the presence of up to 10% methanol and 20% dimethyl sulfoxide. Also, preliminary studies in esterification reactions for the synthesis of methyl butyrate led to a specific activity of 127.04 U·mg−1. The enzyme showed higher esterification activity compared to other literature results, including commercial enzymes such as LIP4 and CL of Candida rugosa assayed with butyric acid and propanol which showed esterification activity of 86.5 and 15.83 U·mg−1, respectively. In conclusion, EST5 has potential for synthesis of flavor esters, providing a concept for its application in biotechnological processes.
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Chandra P, Enespa, Singh R, Arora PK. Microbial lipases and their industrial applications: a comprehensive review. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:169. [PMID: 32847584 PMCID: PMC7449042 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipases are very versatile enzymes, and produced the attention of the several industrial processes. Lipase can be achieved from several sources, animal, vegetable, and microbiological. The uses of microbial lipase market is estimated to be USD 425.0 Million in 2018 and it is projected to reach USD 590.2 Million by 2023, growing at a CAGR of 6.8% from 2018. Microbial lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) catalyze the hydrolysis of long chain triglycerides. The microbial origins of lipase enzymes are logically dynamic and proficient also have an extensive range of industrial uses with the manufacturing of altered molecules. The unique lipase (triacylglycerol acyl hydrolase) enzymes catalyzed the hydrolysis, esterification and alcoholysis reactions. Immobilization has made the use of microbial lipases accomplish its best performance and hence suitable for several reactions and need to enhance aroma to the immobilization processes. Immobilized enzymes depend on the immobilization technique and the carrier type. The choice of the carrier concerns usually the biocompatibility, chemical and thermal stability, and insolubility under reaction conditions, capability of easy rejuvenation and reusability, as well as cost proficiency. Bacillus spp., Achromobacter spp., Alcaligenes spp., Arthrobacter spp., Pseudomonos spp., of bacteria and Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp., of fungi are screened large scale for lipase production. Lipases as multipurpose biological catalyst has given a favorable vision in meeting the needs for several industries such as biodiesel, foods and drinks, leather, textile, detergents, pharmaceuticals and medicals. This review represents a discussion on microbial sources of lipases, immobilization methods increased productivity at market profitability and reduce logistical liability on the environment and user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Chandra
- Food Microbiology & Toxicology, Department of Microbiology, School for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025 India
| | - Enespa
- Department of Plant Pathology, School for Agriculture, SMPDC, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007 U.P. India
| | - Ranjan Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, School for Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, U.P. India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Arora
- Department of Microbiology, School for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, U.P. India
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Recent Trends in Biomaterials for Immobilization of Lipases for Application in Non-Conventional Media. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of biomaterials as novel carrier materials for lipase immobilization has been investigated by many research groups over recent years. Biomaterials such as agarose, starch, chitin, chitosan, cellulose, and their derivatives have been extensively studied since they are non-toxic materials, can be obtained from a wide range of sources and are easy to modify, due to the high variety of functional groups on their surfaces. However, although many lipases have been immobilized on biomaterials and have shown potential for application in biocatalysis, special features are required when the biocatalyst is used in non-conventional media, for example, in organic solvents, which are required for most reactions in organic synthesis. In this article, we discuss the use of biomaterials for lipase immobilization, highlighting recent developments in the synthesis and functionalization of biomaterials using different methods. Examples of effective strategies designed to result in improved activity and stability and drawbacks of the different immobilization protocols are discussed. Furthermore, the versatility of different biocatalysts for the production of compounds of interest in organic synthesis is also described.
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Jahn M, Zerr A, Fedorowicz FM, Brigger F, Koulov A, Mahler HC. Measuring Lipolytic Activity to Support Process Improvements to Manage Lipase-Mediated Polysorbate Degradation. Pharm Res 2020; 37:118. [PMID: 32495187 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polysorbates are critical stabilizers in biopharmaceutical protein formulations. However, they may degrade in drug substance (DS) or drug product (DP) during storage. Degradation catalyzed by lipases present in host cell proteins (HCPs) is one suspected root cause. The purpose of this study was to develop an assay to detect lipolytic activity in biopharmaceutical DS and DP formulations. METHODS The assay is based on the hydrolysis of the lipase substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate to yield the fluorescent product 4-methylumbelliferone. RESULTS First, the assay components and their concentrations (buffer salts and pH, solvent and inhibitor Orlistat) were established and optimized using a model lipase (Porcine pancreatic lipase) and cell culture harvest fluid that exhibited lipolytic activity. The assay was then successfully applied and thereby qualified in protein formulations and at lipase concentrations possibly encountered in actual biopharmaceutical DS and DP formulations. CONCLUSION The lipase assay can be used to detect lipolytic activity in intermediate and final DS, for example during process optimization in downstream purification, to better and specifically reduce the level, or deplete, lipases from HCPs. The assay is also suitable to be applied during root cause investigations related to polysorbate degradation in biopharmaceutical DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jahn
- Lonza AG, Drug Product Services, 60 A, CH-4057, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Zerr
- Lonza AG, Drug Product Services, 60 A, CH-4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Finn Brigger
- Lonza AG, Drug Product Services, 60 A, CH-4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Atanas Koulov
- Lonza AG, Drug Product Services, 60 A, CH-4057, Basel, Switzerland
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Rade LL, da Silva MNP, Vieira PS, Milan N, de Souza CM, de Melo RR, Klein BC, Bonomi A, de Castro HF, Murakami MT, Zanphorlin LM. A Novel Fungal Lipase With Methanol Tolerance and Preference for Macaw Palm Oil. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:304. [PMID: 32435636 PMCID: PMC7218172 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macaw palm is a highly oil-producing plant, which presents high contents of free fatty acids, being a promising feedstock for biofuel production. The current chemical routes are costly and complex, involving highly harsh industrial conditions. Enzymatic processing is a potential alternative; however, it is hampered by the scarce knowledge on biocatalysts adapted to this acidic feedstock. This work describes a novel lipase isolated from the thermophilic fungus Rasamsonia emersonii (ReLip), which tolerates extreme conditions such as the presence of methanol, high temperatures, and acidic medium. Among the tested feedstocks, the enzyme showed the highest preference for macaw palm oil, producing a hydrolyzate with a final free fatty acid content of 92%. Crystallographic studies revealed a closed conformation of the helical amphipathic lid that typically undergoes conformational changes in a mechanism of interfacial activation. Such conformation of the lid is stabilized by a salt bridge, not observed in other structurally characterized homologs, which is likely involved in the tolerance to organic solvents. Moreover, the lack of conservation of the aromatic cluster IxxWxxxxxF in the lid of ReLip with the natural mutation of the phenylalanine by an alanine might be correlated with the preference of short acyl chains, although preserving catalytic activity on insoluble substrates. In addition, the presence of five acidic amino acids in the lid of ReLip, a rare property reported in other lipases, may have contributed to its ability to tolerate and be effective in acidic environments. Therefore, our work describes a new fungal biocatalyst capable of efficiently hydrolyzing macaw oil, an attractive feedstock for the production of "drop-in" biofuels, with high desirable feature for industrial conditions such as thermal and methanol tolerance, and optimum acidic pH. Moreover, the crystallographic structure was elucidated, providing a structural basis for the enzyme substrate preference and tolerance to organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia L. Rade
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Melque N. P. da Silva
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Plínio S. Vieira
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Natalia Milan
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, Brazil
| | - Claudia M. de Souza
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ricardo R. de Melo
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruno C. Klein
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antonio Bonomi
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Heizir F. de Castro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, Brazil
| | - Mário T. Murakami
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leticia M. Zanphorlin
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
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Development of a new Geobacillus lipase variant GDlip43 via directed evolution leading to identification of new activity-regulating amino acids. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:1194-1204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Expression and characterization of a CALB-type lipase from Sporisorium reilianum SRZ2 and its potential in short-chain flavor ester synthesis. Front Chem Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-019-1889-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Druteika G, Sadauskas M, Malunavicius V, Lastauskiene E, Statkeviciute R, Savickaite A, Gudiukaite R. New engineered Geobacillus lipase GD-95RM for industry focusing on the cleaner production of fatty esters and household washing product formulations. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:41. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Bastaraud A, Cecchi P, Handschumacher P, Altmann M, Jambou R. Urbanization and Waterborne Pathogen Emergence in Low-Income Countries: Where and How to Conduct Surveys? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17020480. [PMID: 31940838 PMCID: PMC7013806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A major forthcoming sanitary issue concerns the apparition and spreading of drug-resistant microorganisms, potentially threatening millions of humans. In low-income countries, polluted urban runoff and open sewage channels are major sources of microbes. These microbes join natural microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems already impacted by various chemicals, including antibiotics. These composite microbial communities must adapt to survive in such hostile conditions, sometimes promoting the selection of antibiotic-resistant microbial strains by gene transfer. The low probability of exchanges between planktonic microorganisms within the water column may be significantly improved if their contact was facilitated by particular meeting places. This could be specifically the case within biofilms that develop on the surface of the myriads of floating macroplastics increasingly polluting urban tropical surface waters. Moreover, as uncultivable bacterial strains could be involved, analyses of the microbial communities in their whole have to be performed. This means that new-omic technologies must be routinely implemented in low- and middle-income countries to detect the appearance of resistance genes in microbial ecosystems, especially when considering the new ‘plastic context.’ We summarize the related current knowledge in this short review paper to anticipate new strategies for monitoring and surveying microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bastaraud
- Laboratoire d’Hygiène des Aliments et de l’Environnement, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
| | - Philippe Cecchi
- MARBEC (IRD, IFREMER, UM2 and CNRS), University Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France;
- Centre de Recherche Océanologique (CRO), Abidjan BPV 18, Ivory Coast
| | - Pascal Handschumacher
- IRD UMR 912 SESSTIM, INSERM-IRD-Université de Marseille II, 13000 Marseille, France;
| | - Mathias Altmann
- ISPED Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux II, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France;
| | - Ronan Jambou
- Département de Parasitologie et des insectes vecteurs, Institut Pasteur Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-622-10-72-96
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Almeida JM, Alnoch RC, Souza EM, Mitchell DA, Krieger N. Metagenomics: Is it a powerful tool to obtain lipases for application in biocatalysis? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1868:140320. [PMID: 31756433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, metagenomic strategies have been widely used to isolate and identify new enzymes from uncultivable components of microbial communities. Among these enzymes, various lipases have been obtained from metagenomic libraries from different environments and characterized. Although many of these lipases have characteristics that could make them interesting for application in biocatalysis, relatively little work has been done to evaluate their potential to catalyze industrially important reactions. In the present article, we highlight the latest research on lipases obtained through metagenomic tools, focusing on studies of activity and stability and investigations of application in biocatalysis. We also discuss the challenges of metagenomic approaches for the bioprospecting of new lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Marques Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx.P. 19046 Centro Politécnico, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Robson Carlos Alnoch
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx.P. 19046 Centro Politécnico, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Maltempi Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx.P. 19046 Centro Politécnico, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - David Alexander Mitchell
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx.P. 19046 Centro Politécnico, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nadia Krieger
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx.P. 19032 Centro Politécnico, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil.
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Structure solution and analyses of the first true lipase obtained from metagenomics indicate potential for increased thermostability. N Biotechnol 2019; 53:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Shafiei M, Afzali F, Karkhane AA, Ebrahimi SM, Haghbeen K, Aminzadeh S. Cohnella sp. A01 laccase: thermostable, detergent resistant, anti-environmental and industrial pollutants enzyme. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02543. [PMID: 31687608 PMCID: PMC6819783 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2; benzenediol; oxygen oxidoreductases) is a multi-copper oxidase that catalyzes the oxidation of phenols, polyphenols, aromatic amines, and different non-phenolic substrates with concomitant reduction of O2 to H2O. Enzymatic oxidation techniques have the potential of implementation in different areas of industrial fields. In this study, the Cohnella sp. A01 laccase gene was cloned into pET-26 (b+) vector and was transformed to E. coli BL21. Then it was purified using His tag affinity (Ni sepharose resin) chromatography. The estimated molecular weight was approximately 60 kDa using SDS-PAGE. The highest enzyme activity and best pH for 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP) oxidation were recorded as 8 at 90 °C respectively. The calculated half-life and kinetic values including Km, Vmax, turn over number (kcat), and catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of the enzyme were 106 min at 90 °C and 686 μM, 10.69 U/ml, 20.3 S−, and 0.029 s−1 μM−1, respectively. The DMP was available as the substrate in all the calculations. Enzyme activity enhanced in the presence of Cu2+, NaCl, SDS, n-hexane, Triton X-100, tween 20, and tween 80, significantly. The binding residues were predicted and mapped upon the modeled tertiary structure of identified laccase. The remaining activity and structural properties of Cohnella sp. A01 laccase in extreme conditions such as high temperatures and presence of metals, detergents, and organic solvents suggest the potential of this enzyme in biotechnological and industrial applications. This process has been patented in Iranian Intellectual Property Centre under License No: 91325.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Shafiei
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Iran
| | - Farzaneh Afzali
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Karkhane
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Iran
| | - S Mehdi Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Iran
| | - Kamahldin Haghbeen
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Iran
| | - Saeed Aminzadeh
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Iran
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Khan MF, Kundu D, Hazra C, Patra S. A strategic approach of enzyme engineering by attribute ranking and enzyme immobilization on zinc oxide nanoparticles to attain thermostability in mesophilic Bacillus subtilis lipase for detergent formulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 136:66-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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46
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Almeida JM, Martini VP, Iulek J, Alnoch RC, Moure VR, Müller-Santos M, Souza EM, Mitchell DA, Krieger N. Biochemical characterization and application of a new lipase and its cognate foldase obtained from a metagenomic library derived from fat-contaminated soil. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:442-454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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47
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Sahoo RK, Das A, Sahoo K, Sahu A, Subudhi E. Characterization of novel metagenomic–derived lipase from Indian hot spring. Int Microbiol 2019; 23:233-240. [DOI: 10.1007/s10123-019-00095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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48
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Hitch TCA, Clavel T. A proposed update for the classification and description of bacterial lipolytic enzymes. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7249. [PMID: 31328034 PMCID: PMC6622161 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipolytic enzymes represent an important class of proteins: they provide their host species with access to additional resources and have multiple applications within the biotechnology sector. Since the formalisation of lipolytic enzymes into families and subfamilies, advances in molecular biology have led to the discovery of lipolytic enzymes unable to be classified via the existing system. Utilising sequence-based comparison methods, we have integrated these novel families within the classification system so that it now consists of 35 families and 11 true lipase subfamilies. Representative sequences for each family and subfamily have been defined as well as methodology for accurate comparison of novel sequences against the reference proteins, facilitating the future assignment of novel proteins. Both the code and protein sequences required for integration of additional families are available at: https://github.com/thh32/Lipase_reclassification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C A Hitch
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Clavel
- Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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49
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de Souza CEC, Ribeiro BD, Coelho MAZ. Characterization and Application of Yarrowia lipolytica Lipase Obtained by Solid-State Fermentation in the Synthesis of Different Esters Used in the Food Industry. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:933-959. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Tutuncu HE, Balci N, Tuter M, Karaguler NG. Recombinant production and characterization of a novel esterase from a hypersaline lake, Acıgöl, by metagenomic approach. Extremophiles 2019; 23:507-520. [PMID: 31154531 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01103-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate a novel esterase from a hypersaline lake by sequence-based metagenomics. The metagenomic DNA was isolated from the enriched hypersaline lake sediment. Degenerate primers targeting the conserved regions of lipolytic enzymes of halophilic microorganisms were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a whole gene was identified by genome walking. The gene was composed of 783 bp, which corresponds to 260 amino acids with a molecular weight of 28.2 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence best matched with the esterase from Halomonas gudaonensis with an identity of 91%. Recombinantly expressed enzyme exhibited maximum activity towards pNP-hexanoate with a kcat value of 12.30 s-1. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were found as 9 and 30 °C, respectively. The effects of NaCl, solvents, metal ions, detergents and enzyme inhibitors were also studied. In conclusion, a novel enzyme, named as hypersaline lake "Acıgöl" esterase (hAGEst), was identified by sequence-based metagenomics. The high expression level, the ability to maintain activity at cold temperatures and tolerance to DMSO and metal ions are the most outstanding properties of the hAGEst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havva Esra Tutuncu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Technical University Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology-Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Istanbul Gedik University, 34876, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurgul Balci
- Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Mines, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Tuter
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevin Gul Karaguler
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Istanbul Technical University Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology-Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
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