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Crovella S, Ouhtit A, Rahman SM, Rahman MM. Docosahexaenoic Acid, a Key Compound for Enhancing Sensitization to Drug in Doxorubicin-Resistant MCF-7 Cell Line. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071658. [PMID: 37049499 PMCID: PMC10097357 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a well-known and significant obstacle in the battle against cancer, rendering chemotherapy treatments often ineffective. To improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy, researchers are exploring the use of natural molecules that can enhance its ability to kill cancer cells and limit their spread. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a lipid found in marine fish, has been shown to enhance the cytotoxicity of various anti-cancer drugs in vitro and in vivo. While the combined use of chemotherapeutic drugs with DHA demonstrated promising preliminary results in clinical trials, there is still a significant amount of information to be discovered regarding the precise mechanism of action of DHA. As the biological pathways involved in the chemosensitization of already chemoresistant MCF-7 cells are still not entirely unraveled, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether DHA co-treatment could enhance the ability of the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin to inhibit the growth and invasion of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (MCF-7/Dox) that had become resistant to the drug. Upon treating MCF-7/Dox cells with DHA or DHA-doxorubicin, it was observed that the DHA-doxorubicin combination effectively enhanced cancer cell death by impeding in vitro propagation and invasive ability. In addition, it led to an increase in doxorubicin accumulation and triggered apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Other observed effects included a decrease in the multi-drug resistance (MDR) carrier P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and TG2, a tumor survival factor. Augmented quantities of molecules promoting apoptosis such as Bak1 and caspase-3 and enhanced lipid peroxidation were also detected. Our findings in the cell model suggest that DHA can be further investigated as a natural compound to be used alongside doxorubicin in the treatment of breast cancer that is unresponsive to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Crovella
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Allal Ouhtit
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Obesity and Cancer Biology Lab, Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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de Sousa Coelho MDPS, Pereira IC, de Oliveira KGF, Oliveira IKF, Dos Santos Rizzo M, de Oliveira VA, Carneiro da Silva FC, Torres-Leal FL, de Castro E Sousa JM. Chemopreventive and anti-tumor potential of vitamin E in preclinical breast cancer studies: A systematic review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 53:60-73. [PMID: 36657931 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E has been investigated for its antitumor potential, including the ability to change cancer gene pathways as well as promote antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity. OBJECTIVE Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate antitumor and chemopreventive activity of different vitamin E isoforms (tocopherols and tocotrienols) through in vitro and in vivo studies. METHOD The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD4202126207) and the search was carried out in four electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science) in June 2021 by three independent reviewers. The search equation used was: "Supplementation" AND ("Vitamin E" OR Tocopherol OR Tocotrienol) AND "breast cancer" AND (chemotherapy OR therapy OR prevention). In vitro studies and animal models of breast cancer supplemented with tocopherol or tocotrienol vitamers, alone or in combination, were included. RESULTS The results revealed 8546 relevant studies that were initially identified in our search. After analysis, a total of 12 studies were eligible for this systematic review. All studies included animal models, and 5 of them also performed in vitro experiments on cancer cell lines. The studies performed supplementation with tocopherols, mixtures (tocopherols and tocotrienols) and synthetic vitamin E forms. There was an significant association of estradiol, dendritic cells and pterostilbene in combined therapy with vitamin E. Vitamin E delayed tumor development, reduced tumor size, proliferation, viability, expression of anti-apoptotic and cell proliferation genes, and upregulated pro-apoptotic genes, tumor suppressor genes and increased immune response. The effects on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant activity were conflicting among studies. Only one study with synthetic vitamin E reported cardiotoxicity, but it did not show vitamin E genotoxicity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, vitamin E isoforms, isolated or associated, showed antitumor and chemopreventive activity. However, due to studies heterogeneity, there is a need for further analysis to establish dose, form, supplementation time and breast cancer stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Perpetuo Socorro de Sousa Coelho
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Center for Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences - Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Irislene Costa Pereira
- Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Kynnara Gabriella Feitosa de Oliveira
- Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Iara Katryne Fonseca Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition - PPGAN, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Márcia Dos Santos Rizzo
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Victor Alves de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition - PPGAN, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
- Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Laboratory of Genetical Toxicology (LAPGENIC), Center for Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences - Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
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Sharmin S, Rahaman MM, Martorell M, Sastre-Serra J, Sharifi-Rad J, Butnariu M, Bagiu IC, Bagiu RV, Islam MT. Cytotoxicity of synthetic derivatives against breast cancer and multi-drug resistant breast cancer cell lines: a literature-based perspective study. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:612. [PMID: 34801046 PMCID: PMC8606078 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most killer worldwide causing millions of people to lose their lives every year. In the case of women, breast cancer takes away the highest proportion of mortality rate than other cancers. Due to the mutation and resistance-building capacity of different breast cancer cell lines against conventional therapies, this death rate is on the verge of growth. New effective therapeutic compounds and treatment method is the best way to look out for in this critical time. For instance, new synthetic derivatives/ analogues synthesized from different compounds can be a ray of hope. Numerous synthetic compounds have been seen enhancing the apoptosis and autophagic pathway that directly exerts cytotoxicity towards different breast cancer cell lines. To cease the ever-growing resistance of multi-drug resistant cells against anti-breast cancer drugs (Doxorubicin, verapamil, tamoxifen) synthetic compounds may play a vital role by increasing effectivity, showing synergistic action. Many recent and previous studies have reported that synthetic derivatives hold potentials as an effective anti-breast cancer agent as they show great cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, thus can be used even vastly in the future in the field of breast cancer treatment. This review aims to identify the anti-breast cancer properties of several synthetic derivatives against different breast cancer and multi-drug-resistant breast cancer cell lines with their reported mechanism of action and effectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Sharmin
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj (Dhaka), 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mizanur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj (Dhaka), 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jorge Sastre-Serra
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de La Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de Les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Edificio S, 07120, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain.,Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" From Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Iulia Cristina Bagiu
- Department of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.,Multidisciplinary Research Center On Antimicrobial Resistance, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Vasile Bagiu
- Department of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.,Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mohammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj (Dhaka), 8100, Bangladesh
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Sohrabizadeh S, Sayfouri N. Antecedents and consequences of work engagement among nurses. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e16351. [PMID: 25763212 PMCID: PMC4329961 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaged nurses have high levels of energy and are enthusiastic about their work which impacts quality of health care services. However, in the context of Iran, due to observed burnout, work engagement among nurses necessitates immediate exploration. OBJECTIVES This investigation aimed to identify a suitable work engagement model in nursing profession in hospitals according to the hypothesized model and to determine antecedents and consequences related to work engagement among nurses. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was given to 279 randomly-selected nurses working in two general teaching hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz, Iran) to measure antecedents and consequences of work engagement using the Saks's (2005) model. Structural Equation Modeling was used to examine the model fitness. RESULTS Two paths were added using LISREL software. The resulting model showed good fitness indices (χ(2) = 23.62, AGFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.07) and all the coefficients of the paths were significant (t ≥ 2, t ≤ -2). A significant correlation was found between work engagement and model variables. CONCLUSIONS Paying adequate attention to the antecedents of work engagement can enhance the quality of performance among nurses. Additionally, rewards, organizational and supervisory supports, and job characteristics should be taken into consideration to establish work engagement among nurses. Further researches are required to identify other probable antecedents and consequences of nursing work engagement, which might be related to specific cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Sohrabizadeh
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Nasrin Sayfouri
- Department of Foreign Languages, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Nasrin Sayfouri, Department of Foreign Languages, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9123445585, Fax: +98-2144608143, E-mail:
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Chen YB, Li J, Liu JY, Zeng LH, Wan Y, Li YR, Ren D, Guo GZ. Effect of Electromagnetic Pulses (EMP) on associative learning in mice and a preliminary study of mechanism. Int J Radiat Biol 2011; 87:1147-54. [PMID: 21929296 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2011.584937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) on associative learning in mice and test a preliminary mechanism for these effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A tapered parallel plate gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell with a flared rectangular coaxial transmission line was used to expose male BALB/c mice to EMP (peak-intensity 400 kV/m, rise-time 10 ns, pulse-width 350 ns, 0.5 Hz and total 200 pulses). Concurrent sham-exposed mice were used as a control. Associative learning, oxidative stress in the brain, serum chemistry and the protective action of tocopherol monoglucoside (TMG) in mice were measured, respectively. RESULTS (1) Twelve hour and 1 day post EMP exposure associative learning was reduced significantly compared with sham control (p<0.05) but recovered at 2 d post EMP exposure. (2) Compared with the sham control, lipid peroxidation of brain tissue and chemiluminescence (CL) intensity increased significantly (p<0.05), while the activity of the antioxidant enzymes Superoxide Dismutase [SOD], Glutathione [GSH], Glutathione Peroxidase [GSH-Px], Catalase [CAT]) decreased significantly (p<0.05) at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 1 d post EMP exposure. All these parameters recovered at 2 d post EMP exposure. (3) No significant differences between the sham control group and EMP exposed group were observed in serum cholesterol and triglycerides. (4) Pretreatment of mice with TMG showed protective effects to EMP exposure. CONCLUSIONS EMP exposure significantly decreased associative learning in mice and TMG acted as an effective protective agent from EMP exposure. This mechanism could involve an increase of oxidative stress in brain by EMP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Bin Chen
- Fourth Military Medical University, Department of Radiation Medicine, Xi'an, PR China
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Roche M, Kemp FW, Agrawal A, Attanasio A, Neti PVSV, Howell RW, Ferraris RP. Marked changes in endogenous antioxidant expression precede vitamin A-, C-, and E-protectable, radiation-induced reductions in small intestinal nutrient transport. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:55-65. [PMID: 20970494 PMCID: PMC3014460 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rapidly proliferating epithelial crypt cells of the small intestine are susceptible to radiation-induced oxidative stress, yet there is a dearth of data linking this stress to expression of antioxidant enzymes and to alterations in intestinal nutrient absorption. We previously showed that 5-14 days after acute γ-irradiation, intestinal sugar absorption decreased without change in antioxidant enzyme expression. In the present study, we measured antioxidant mRNA and protein expression in mouse intestines taken at early times postirradiation. Observed changes in antioxidant expression are characterized by a rapid decrease within 1h postirradiation, followed by dramatic upregulation within 4h and then downregulation a few days later. The cell type and location expressing the greatest changes in levels of the oxidative stress marker 4HNE and of antioxidant enzymes are, respectively, epithelial cells responsible for nutrient absorption and the crypt region comprising mainly undifferentiated cells. Consumption of a cocktail of antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E, before irradiation, prevents reductions in transport of intestinal sugars, amino acids, bile acids, and peptides. Ingestion of antioxidants may blunt radiation-induced decreases in nutrient transport, perhaps by reducing acute oxidative stress in crypt cells, thereby allowing the small intestine to retain its absorptive function when those cells migrate to the villus days after the insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Roche
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Francis W Kemp
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Community Health, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Alicia Attanasio
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Prasad VSV Neti
- Department of Radiology, New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Roger W Howell
- Department of Radiology, New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ronaldo P Ferraris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
- Corresponding Author, Ronaldo P. Ferraris, Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, MSB H621, UMDNJ New Jersey Medical School, 185 S. Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07103, 973-972-4519,
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Yu W, Jia L, Park SK, Li J, Gopalan A, Simmons-Menchaca M, Sanders BG, Kline K. Anticancer actions of natural and synthetic vitamin E forms: RRR-alpha-tocopherol blocks the anticancer actions of gamma-tocopherol. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53:1573-81. [PMID: 19842103 PMCID: PMC3008344 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200900011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Two naturally occurring dietary sources of vitamin E (i.e. RRR-alpha-tocopherol (alphaT) and RRR-gamma-tocopherol (gammaT)), the manufactured synthetic form of vitamin E, all-racemic-alpha-tocopherol (all-rac-alphaT), as well as a potent antitumor analog of vitamin E, RRR-alpha-tocopherol ether-linked acetic acid analog (alpha-TEA), were assessed for anticancer actions. Data showed that gammaT, all-rac-alphaT, and alpha-TEA but not alphaT or alphaT+gammaT significantly inhibited tumor burden of human MDA-MB-231 cells in nude mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of tumor tissue showed that all-rac-alphaT and alpha-TEA increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation in tumor cells while gammaT was associated with increased tumor cell apoptosis only. In vitro data showed alpha-TEA and gammaT but not all-rac-alphaT or alphaT to inhibit colony formation and induce apoptosis. Anticancer actions of alpha-TEA and gammaT involved death receptor 5 protein upregulation, Survivin protein downregulation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, all of which were blocked by co-treatment with alphaT. In summary, both gammaT and alpha-TEA exhibited promising anticancer properties in vivo and in vitro, whereas all-rac-alphaT exhibited promising anticancer properties in vivo only. Importantly, alphaT not only failed to exhibit anticancer properties but it also reduced anticancer actions of gammaT in vivo and gammaT and alpha-TEA in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Yu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences/A2703, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Li Jia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sook-Kyung Park
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jing Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Archana Gopalan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences/A2703, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Bob G. Sanders
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kimberly Kline
- Department of Nutritional Sciences/A2703, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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The in vitro effects of superoxide, some commercially available antioxidants and red palm oil on sperm motility. Asian J Androl 2009; 11:695-702. [PMID: 19802000 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2009.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, two commercially available superoxide scavengers, tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (Mn[III]TMPyP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as red palm oil (RPO), a natural vegetable oil, had been used to investigate their possible in vitro effects against the toxic effects of superoxide (O(2).) on human sperm motility. Semen samples were obtained from 12 normozoospermic healthy volunteer donors aged between 19 and 23 years. The O(2). donor 2,3-dimetoxyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ) (2.5 micromol L(-1)-100 micromol L(-1)) was added to normozoospermic post-swim-up sperm in the presence or absence of Mn(III)TMPyP (50 micromol L(-1)), SOD (50 IU) or RPO (0.1% or 0.5%). Computer-assisted semen analysis was used to analyze various motility parameters. The parameters of interest were percentage of motile cells, progressive motility, rapid cells and static cells. Concentrations of higher than 25 micromol L(-1) DMNQ were detrimental to sperm motility. Mn(III)TMPyP was able to attenuate the effect of O(2). on the motility parameters. In vitro addition of SOD and RPO showed harmful effects on sperm motility.
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Noaman E, Badr El-Din NK, Bibars MA, Abou Mossallam AA, Ghoneum M. Antioxidant potential by arabinoxylan rice bran, MGN-3/biobran, represents a mechanism for its oncostatic effect against murine solid Ehrlich carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2008; 268:348-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yu W, Jia L, Wang P, Lawson KA, Simmons-Menchaca M, Park SK, Sun L, Sanders BG, Kline K. In vitro andin vivo evaluation of anticancer actions of natural and synthetic vitamin E forms. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008; 52:447-56. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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