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Rupasinghe WAWS, Perera TSH, Silva KDRR, Samita S, Wickramaratne MN. Nutritional intake of sport undergraduates in Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:2. [PMID: 36593516 PMCID: PMC9806877 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional intake plays an important role in determining energy availability which is vital to health, wellbeing, and sports performance in an active population. This research assessed the sports undergraduates' nutritional intake compared to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and nutrition goals provided by WHO. METHODS This study is a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study. One hundred and one (n = 101) sports undergraduates aged between 20 to 23 years were recruited and the nutrient intake was assessed using the three-day food diary method and quantified the macro and micronutrients by the food composition database. One sample t-test was performed to compare the mean nutrient intakes with the lowest recommendation values. RESULTS Though most undergraduates were able to meet the dietary requirements in carbohydrates, they were deficient in their protein intake and exceeded in fats intake. Further, both male and female students were deficient in their daily energy intake (1723 kcal, 1607 kcal) and dietary fiber intake (8 g, 11 g). The saturated fat intake was met by all students while 20% of males and 21% of females exceeded the recommendations (< 10%). The micronutrient intake of vitamins such as C, B1, B2, B9, and B12 and minerals such as Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium, were significantly below the recommendations (p < 0.05) except for vitamin B3 niacin. CONCLUSIONS Providing a nutritionally valuable meal is essentially required to maintain both physical and mental fitness. Our results revealed that the Sri Lankan sport science undergraduates do not have an adequate daily dietary intake of energy, proteins, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and vitamins such as C, B1, B2, B9, and B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. A. W. S. Rupasinghe
- grid.440836.d0000 0001 0710 1208Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka
| | - T. S. H. Perera
- grid.440836.d0000 0001 0710 1208Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka
| | - K. D. R. R. Silva
- grid.443386.e0000 0000 9419 9778Department of Applied Nutrition, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila Sri Lanka
| | - S. Samita
- grid.11139.3b0000 0000 9816 8637Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - M. Nirmali Wickramaratne
- grid.440836.d0000 0001 0710 1208Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Hidellana, Rathnapura Sri Lanka
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Gana W, De Luca A, Debacq C, Poitau F, Poupin P, Aidoud A, Fougère B. Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People. Nutrients 2021; 13:3163. [PMID: 34579039 PMCID: PMC8469089 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin deficiencies have a serious impact on healthy aging in older people. Many age-related disorders have a direct or indirect impact on nutrition, both in terms of nutrient assimilation and food access, which may result in vitamin deficiencies and may lead to or worsen disabilities. Frailty is characterized by reduced functional abilities, with a key role of malnutrition in its pathogenesis. Aging is associated with various changes in body composition that lead to sarcopenia. Frailty, aging, and sarcopenia all favor malnutrition, and poor nutritional status is a major cause of geriatric morbidity and mortality. In the present narrative review, we focused on vitamins with a significant risk of deficiency in high-income countries: D, C, and B (B6/B9/B12). We also focused on vitamin E as the main lipophilic antioxidant, synergistic to vitamin C. We first discuss the role and needs of these vitamins, the prevalence of deficiencies, and their causes and consequences. We then look at how these vitamins are involved in the biological pathways associated with sarcopenia and frailty. Lastly, we discuss the critical early diagnosis and management of these deficiencies and summarize potential ways of screening malnutrition. A focused nutritional approach might improve the diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies and the initiation of appropriate clinical interventions for reducing the risk of frailty. Further comprehensive research programs on nutritional interventions are needed, with a view to lowering deficiencies in older people and thus decreasing the risk of frailty and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Gana
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Arnaud De Luca
- Nutrition Mobile Unit, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France;
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Camille Debacq
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Fanny Poitau
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
| | - Pierre Poupin
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Amal Aidoud
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Bertrand Fougère
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
- Education, Ethics, Health (EA 7505), Tours University, 37000 Tours, France
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Effects of Nutrient Intake on Diagnostic Measures of Sarcopenia among Arab Men: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010114. [PMID: 33396961 PMCID: PMC7823489 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a major public health condition and is, therefore, of great clinical interest. However, the role of nutrient intake in sarcopenia is unclear. We examined the associations between nutrient intake and diagnostic measures of sarcopenia, including low muscle mass (appendicular lean mass (ALM) divided by height squared, ALM/h2) and strength (hand-grip strength, HGS) among Arab men. This cross-sectional study included 441 men aged 46.8 ± 15.98 years. Habitual nutrient intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Participants were classified according to different ALM/h2 and HGS reference values. Participants with normal muscle mass, defined by an ALM/h2 cutoff of <8.68 kg/m2 (−1 standard deviation (SD) <reference values Arab men), had greater daily energy, protein and fat intake, and percentage of energy from protein and fat (p < 0.01). Conversely, normal muscle mass was associated with a lower percentage of energy from carbohydrates (CHO) (p < 0.001). Regarding muscle strength, participants with HGS above 42 kg (median HGS of Arab men) had higher daily energy and protein and fat intake, but a lower percentage of energy from CHO and a lower intake of total omega-3 fatty acids (p < 0.05). Individuals with normal muscle mass and high HGS have greater daily energy, protein, and fat intake and a lower percentage of energy from CHO compared to sarcopenic individuals.
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Angeles-Agdeppa I, Sun Y, Denney L, Tanda KV, Octavio RAD, Carriquiry A, Capanzana MV. Food sources, energy and nutrient intakes of adults: 2013 Philippines National Nutrition Survey. Nutr J 2019; 18:59. [PMID: 31601200 PMCID: PMC6785859 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive assessment of dietary intakes of foods and nutrients in Filipino adults are lacking. This study evaluated energy and nutrient intakes and food sources of key nutrients consumed by Filipino adults. METHODS The participants were from the 2013 National Nutrition Survey wherein food intake of young adults aged 19-49 years (n = 12,896) and older adults aged 50 years and above (n = 7853) were collected using 24-h recalls. Usual nutrient intakes were estimated using PC-SIDE program. The Philippines Dietary Reference Intakes were used to calculate proportions of inadequate intake using Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR). Energy adequacy was evaluated using the Institute of Medicine (IOM) equation for Estimated Energy Requirements (EER). RESULTS The nutrient intakes with the highest prevalence of inadequacy (> 50%) were: iron (97-99%), vitamin C (96-98%), calcium (95-98%), riboflavin (86-91%), folate (89-90%), thiamine (73-89%), energy (67-70%), total fat (55-67%), and vitamin A (54-56%). Refined rice, pork and breads contributed most to daily intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrates, thiamine, riboflavin, and iron. Low intake of vegetables, fruits and dairy was common in both age groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that intakes of many nutrients were markedly inadequate among adults in the Philippines, due to the rice-dominant dietary pattern with few nutrient-dense foods. These results can be used to support the development of specific interventions to improve the shortfalls in nutrient intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imelda Angeles-Agdeppa
- Department of Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Bicutan, Taguig, Philippines
| | - Ye Sun
- Nestlé Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Keith V. Tanda
- Department of Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Bicutan, Taguig, Philippines
| | - Royce Ann D. Octavio
- Department of Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Bicutan, Taguig, Philippines
| | | | - Mario V. Capanzana
- Department of Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Bicutan, Taguig, Philippines
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Hurree N, Jeewon R. An Analysis of Contributors to Energy Intake Among Middle Aged and Elderly Adults. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.4.special-issue-elderly-november.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adulthood and middle age is widely recognized as the time of life when unhealthy eating habits may develop. Data from various studies have demonstrated that changes in eating habits may also occur during old age. It is essential to acknowledge that a high consumption of certain food groups such as sweetened beverages, meat and eggs may contribute to an increased energy intake. This obviously results in high body mass index (BMI) and consequently an increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and obesity. Energy intake among middle aged and elderly individuals may be influenced by socio demographic factors (for example: age, gender, socio economic status), social factors (for example: marital status), environmental factors like access to food commodities as well as nutrition knowledge and physical activity level. The present review highlights eating habits, contribution of specific food groups to energy intake and the influence of several factors on energy intake among the middle aged and elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Hurree
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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Aging, Nutritional Status and Health. Healthcare (Basel) 2015; 3:648-58. [PMID: 27417787 PMCID: PMC4939559 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare3030648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The older population is increasing worldwide and in many countries older people will outnumber younger people in the near future. This projected growth in the older population has the potential to place significant burdens on healthcare and support services. Meeting the diet and nutrition needs of older people is therefore crucial for the maintenance of health, functional independence and quality of life. While many older adults remain healthy and eat well those in poorer health may experience difficulties in meeting their nutritional needs. Malnutrition, encompassing both under and over nutrition increases health risks in the older population. More recently the increase in obesity, and in turn the incidence of chronic disease in older adults, now justifies weight management interventions in obese older adults. This growing population group is becoming increasingly diverse in their nutritional requirements. Micro-nutrient status may fluctuate and shortfalls in vitamin D, iron and a number of other nutrients are relatively common and can impact on well-being and quality of life. Aging presents a number of challenges for the maintenance of good nutritional health in older adults.
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Zaporozhets TS, Ermakova SV, Zvyagintseva TN, Besednova NN. Antitumor effects of sulfated polysaccharides produced from marine algae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079086414020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Total energy value and percentage contribution of calories from macronutrients in the diet of elderly individuals from Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0104-4230(12)70152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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de Menezes TN, Nunes Marucci MDF. Valor energético total e contribuição percentual de calorias por macronutrientes da alimentação de idosos domiciliados em Fortaleza – CE. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-42302012000100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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