1
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Ok HW, Jin S, Park G, Jana B, Ryu JH. Folic Acid-Functionalized β-Cyclodextrin for Delivery of Organelle-Targeted Peptide Chemotherapeutics in Cancer. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 39069731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Recent emphasis on the design of drug delivery systems typically involves the effective transport of a pharmaceutical substance to the disease site with the desired therapeutic efficacy and minimal cytotoxicity. Organelle-targeted peptides have become an integral part of designing an important class of prodrug/prodrug assemblies for new supramolecular therapeutics owing to their favorable biocompatibility, synthetic ease, tunability of their aggregation behavior, and desired functionalization for site-specificity. However, it is still limited due to the low selectivity. We designed a folic acid-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (FA-CD) as a delivery platform for specific and selective delivery of organelle-targeted (such as microtubule, lysosome, and mitochondria) peptide chemotherapeutics to the folate receptor (FR) overexpressing cancer cell lines. Low toxicity was found for the FA-CD and organelle-targeted peptide inclusion complex in FR-negative normal cells, but superior inhibition of tumor growth with no in vivo toxicity was found for the inclusion complex in the xenograft tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Won Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongeon Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Batakrishna Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Ja-Hyoung Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kim M, Hwang JE, Lee JS, Park J, Oh C, Lee S, Yu J, Zhang W, Im HJ. Development of Indocyanine Green/Methyl-β-cyclodextrin Complex-Loaded Liposomes for Enhanced Photothermal Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32945-32956. [PMID: 38912948 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising cancer therapeutic approach due to its spatial selectivity and high potency. Indocyanine green (ICG) has been considered a biocompatible PTT agent. However, ICG has several challenges to hinder its clinical use including rapid blood clearance and instability to heat, light, and solvent, leading to a loss of photoactivation property and PTT efficacy. Herein, we leveraged stabilizing components, methyl-β-cyclodextrin and liposomes, in one nanoplatform (ICD lipo) to enhance ICG stability and the photothermal therapeutic effect against cancer. Compared to ICG, ICD lipo displayed a 4.8-fold reduction in degradation in PBS solvent after 30 days and a 3.4-fold reduction in photobleaching after near-infrared laser irradiation. Moreover, in tumor-bearing mice, ICD lipo presented a 2.7-fold increase in tumor targetability and inhibited tumor growth 9.6 times more effectively than did ICG without any serious toxicity. We believe that ICD lipo could be a potential PTT agent for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinKyu Kim
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Eun Hwang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seob Lee
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chiwoo Oh
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Yu
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
- Research Institute for Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Im
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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3
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Benkő BM, Tóth G, Moldvai D, Kádár S, Szabó E, Szabó ZI, Kraszni M, Szente L, Fiser B, Sebestyén A, Zelkó R, Sebe I. Cyclodextrin encapsulation enabling the anticancer repositioning of disulfiram: Preparation, analytical and in vitro biological characterization of the inclusion complexes. Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124187. [PMID: 38697585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Drug repositioning is a high-priority and feasible strategy in the field of oncology research, where the unmet medical needs are continuously unbalanced. Disulfiram is a potential non-chemotherapeutic, adjuvant anticancer agent. However, the clinical translation is limited by the drug's poor bioavailability. Therefore, the molecular encapsulation of disulfiram with cyclodextrins is evaluated to enhance the solubility and stability of the drug. The present work describes for the first time the complexation of disulfiram with randomly methylated-β-cyclodextrin. A parallel analytical andin vitrobiological comparison of disulfiram inclusion complexes with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, randomly methylated-β-cyclodextrin and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin is conducted. A significant drug solubility enhancement by about 1000-folds and fast dissolution in 1 min is demonstrated. Thein vitrodissolution-permeation studies and proliferation assays demonstrate the solubility-dependent efficacy of the drug. Throughout the different cancer cell lines' characteristics and disulfiram unspecific antitumoral activity, the inhibitory efficacy of the cyclodextrin encapsulated drug on melanoma (IC50 about 100 nM) and on glioblastoma (IC50 about 7000 nM) cell lines differ by a magnitude. This pre-formulation screening experiment serves as a proof of concept of using cyclodextrin encapsulation as a platform tool for further drug delivery development in repositioning areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta-Mária Benkő
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Str. 7-9., Budapest 1092, Hungary.
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Str. 7-9., Budapest 1092, Hungary.
| | - Dorottya Moldvai
- Tumor Biology, Cell and Tissue Culture Laboratory, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26., Budapest 1085, Hungary.
| | - Szabina Kádár
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Str. 7-9., Budapest 1092, Hungary; Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Budapest 1111, Hungary.
| | - Edina Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Budapest 1111, Hungary.
| | - Zoltán-István Szabó
- Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Drugs Industry and Pharmaceutical Management, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Str. 38, Târgu Mureș 540142, Romania.
| | - Márta Kraszni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Str. 7-9., Budapest 1092, Hungary.
| | - Lajos Szente
- CycloLab Cyclodextrin Research & Development Laboratory Ltd., Illatos út 7, Budapest 1097, Hungary.
| | - Béla Fiser
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, University of Miskolc, Egyetemváros, Miskolc 3515, Hungary; Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Ferenc Rakoczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, 90200 Beregszász, Transcarpathia, Ukraine.
| | - Anna Sebestyén
- Tumor Biology, Cell and Tissue Culture Laboratory, 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26., Budapest 1085, Hungary.
| | - Romána Zelkó
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Str. 7-9., Budapest 1092, Hungary.
| | - István Sebe
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Str. 7-9., Budapest 1092, Hungary; Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., R&D Directorate, P.O. Box 100, Budapest 1475, Hungary.
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4
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Zhang Q, Tan W, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Wei WS, Fraden S, Xu B. Unnatural Peptide Assemblies Rapidly Deplete Cholesterol and Potently Inhibit Cancer Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12901-12906. [PMID: 38701349 PMCID: PMC11223060 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol-rich membranes play a pivotal role in cancer initiation and progression, necessitating innovative approaches to target these membranes for cancer inhibition. Here we report the first case of unnatural peptide (1) assemblies capable of depleting cholesterol and inhibiting cancer cells. Peptide 1 self-assembles into micelles and is rapidly taken up by cancer cells, especially when combined with an acute cholesterol-depleting agent (MβCD). Click chemistry has confirmed that 1 depletes cell membrane cholesterol. It localizes in membrane-rich organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Furthermore, 1 potently inhibits malignant cancer cells, working synergistically with cholesterol-lowering agents. Control experiments have confirmed that C-terminal capping and unnatural amino acid residues (i.e., BiP) are essential for both cholesterol depletion and potent cancer cell inhibition. This work highlights unnatural peptide assemblies as a promising platform for targeting the cell membrane in controlling cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Weiyi Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Wei-Shao Wei
- Martin A. Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Seth Fraden
- Martin A. Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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5
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Gu L, Pillay RP, Aronson R, Kaur M. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein knock-down in conjunction with a cholesterol-depleting agent decreases tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. IUBMB Life 2024. [PMID: 38733508 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The cholesterogenic phenotype, encompassing de novo biosynthesis and accumulation of cholesterol, aids cancer cell proliferation and survival. Previously, the role of cholesteryl ester (CE) transfer protein (CETP) has been implicated in breast cancer aggressiveness, but the molecular basis of this observation is not clearly understood, which this study aims to elucidate. CETP knock-down resulted in a >50% decrease in cell proliferation in both 'estrogen receptor-positive' (ER+; Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) breast cancer cells) and 'triple-negative' breast cancer (TNBC; MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Intriguingly, the abrogation of CETP together with the combination treatment of tamoxifen (5 μM) and acetyl plumbagin (a cholesterol-depleting agent) (5 μM) resulted in twofold to threefold increase in apoptosis in both cell lines. CETP knockdown also showed decreased intracellular CE levels, lipid raft and lipid droplets in both cell lines. In addition, RT2 Profiler PCR array (Qiagen, Germany)-based gene expression analysis revealed an overall downregulation of genes associated in cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid signalling and drug resistance in MCF7 cells post-CETP knock-down. On the contrary, resistance in MDA-MB-231 cells was reduced through increased expression in cholesterol efflux genes and the expression of targetable surface receptors by endocrine therapy. The pilot xenograft mice study substantiated CETP's role as a cancer survival gene as knock-down of CETP stunted the growth of TNBC tumour by 86%. The principal findings of this study potentiate CETP as a driver in breast cancer growth and aggressiveness and thus targeting CETP could limit drug resistance via the reduction in cholesterol accumulation in breast cancer cells, thereby reducing cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gu
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ruvesh Pascal Pillay
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ruth Aronson
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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6
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Zhang Y, Xiao T, Wen M, Shen L, Du L, Wei S, Wu B, Yu Y, Wang S, OuYang B. Deciphering Cholesterol's Role in PD-L2 Stability: A Distinct Regulatory Mechanism From PD-L1. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168500. [PMID: 38401626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2), a member of the B7 immune checkpoint protein family, emerges as a crucial player in immune modulation. Despite its functional overlap with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) in binding to the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on T cells, PD-L2 exhibits a divergent expression pattern and a higher affinity for PD-1. However, the regulatory mechanisms of PD-L2 remain under-explored. Here, our investigations illustrate the pivotal role of cholesterol in modulating PD-L2 stability. Using advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and biochemical analyses, we demonstrate a direct and specific binding between cholesterol and PD-L2, mediated by an F-xxx-V-xx-LR motif in its transmembrane domain, distinct from that in PD-L1. This interaction stabilizes PD-L2 and prevents its downstream degradation. Disruption of this binding motif compromises PD-L2's cellular stability, underscoring its potential significance in cancer biology. These findings not only deepen our understanding of PD-L2 regulation in the context of tumors, but also open avenues for potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Taoran Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Maorong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lingyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shukun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, ZhangJiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Yu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, ZhangJiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuqing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road No.22, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Bo OuYang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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7
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Wu Y, Pu X, Wang X, Xu M. Reprogramming of lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment: a strategy for tumor immunotherapy. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:35. [PMID: 38302980 PMCID: PMC10832245 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism in cancer cells has garnered increasing attention in recent decades. Cancer cells thrive in hypoxic conditions, nutrient deficiency, and oxidative stress and cannot be separated from alterations in lipid metabolism. Therefore, cancer cells exhibit increased lipid metabolism, lipid uptake, lipogenesis and storage to adapt to a progressively challenging environment, which contribute to their rapid growth. Lipids aid cancer cell activation. Cancer cells absorb lipids with the help of transporter and translocase proteins to obtain energy. Abnormal levels of a series of lipid synthases contribute to the over-accumulation of lipids in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Lipid reprogramming plays an essential role in the TME. Lipids are closely linked to several immune cells and their phenotypic transformation. The reprogramming of tumor lipid metabolism further promotes immunosuppression, which leads to immune escape. This event significantly affects the progression, treatment, recurrence, and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, the present review describes alterations in the lipid metabolism of immune cells in the TME and examines the connection between lipid metabolism and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China.
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China.
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
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8
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Wu H, Wu X, Zhao M, Yan J, Li C, Zhang Z, Tang S, Wang R, Fei W. Regulating Cholesterol in Tumorigenesis: A Novel Paradigm for Tumor Nanotherapeutics. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1055-1076. [PMID: 38322754 PMCID: PMC10844012 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s439828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
During the past decade, "membrane lipid therapy", which involves the regulation of the structure and function of tumor cell plasma membranes, has emerged as a new strategy for cancer treatment. Cholesterol is an important component of the tumor plasma membrane and serves an essential role in tumor initiation and progression. This review elucidates the role of cholesterol in tumorigenesis (including tumor cell proliferation, invasion/metastasis, drug resistance, and immunosuppressive microenvironment) and elaborates on the potential therapeutic targets for tumor treatment by regulating cholesterol. More meaningfully, this review provides an overview of cholesterol-integrated membrane lipid nanotherapeutics for cancer therapy through cholesterol regulation. These strategies include cholesterol biosynthesis interference, cholesterol uptake disruption, cholesterol metabolism regulation, cholesterol depletion, and cholesterol-based combination treatments. In summary, this review demonstrates the tumor nanotherapeutics based on cholesterol regulation, which will provide a reference for the further development of "membrane lipid therapy" for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengdan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhewei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sangsang Tang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Zhang X, Dong Z, Yang Y, Liu C, Li J, Sun W, Zhu Y, Shen Y, Wang Z, Lü M, Cui H. Morusinol Extracted from Morus alba Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Autophagy via FOXO3a Nuclear Accumulation-Mediated Cholesterol Biosynthesis Obstruction in Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16016-16031. [PMID: 37870273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been increasing significantly in recent years, and it is urgent to develop novel drugs that have more effects for its treatment. It has been reported that many molecules extracted from the root bark of Morus alba L. (also known as Cortex Mori) have antitumor activities. In our study, we identified morusinol as a promising anticancer agent by selecting from 30 molecules extracted from Morus alba L. We found that morusinol treatment suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro. Besides this, we observed that morusinol induced cytoprotective autophagy. The GO analysis of differentially expressed genes from RNA-seq data showed that morusinol affected cholesterol metabolism. Then we found that key enzyme genes in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway as well as the sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2) were significantly downregulated. Furthermore, additional cholesterol treatment reversed the anti-CRC effect of morusinol. Interestingly, we also found that morusinol treatment could promote forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) nuclear accumulation, which subsequently suppressed SREBF2 transcription. Then SREBF2-controlled cholesterol biosynthesis was blocked, resulting in the suppression of cell proliferation, promotion of apoptosis, and production of autophagy. The experiments in animal models also showed that morusinol significantly impeded tumor growth in mice models. Our results suggested that morusinol may be used as a candidate anticancer drug for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yuanmiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Chaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wenli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yikang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Muhan Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
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10
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Davis F, Higson SPJ. Synthetic Receptors for Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:953. [PMID: 37998127 PMCID: PMC10669836 DOI: 10.3390/bios13110953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Over recent decades, synthetic macrocyclic compounds have attracted interest from the scientific community due to their ability to selectively and reversibly form complexes with a huge variety of guest moieties. These molecules have been studied within a wide range of sensing and other fields. Within this review, we will give an overview of the most common synthetic macrocyclic compounds including cyclodextrins, calixarenes, calixresorcinarenes, pillarenes and cucurbiturils. These species all display the ability to form a wide range of complexes. This makes these compounds suitable in the field of cancer detection since they can bind to either cancer cell surfaces or indeed to marker compounds for a wide variety of cancers. The formation of such complexes allows sensitive and selective detection and quantification of such guests. Many of these compounds also show potential for the detection and encapsulation of environmental carcinogens. Furthermore, many anti-cancer drugs, although effective in in vitro tests, are not suitable for use directly for cancer treatment due to low solubility, inherent instability in in vivo environments or an inability to be adsorbed by or transported to the required sites for treatment. The reversible encapsulation of these species in a macrocyclic compound can greatly improve their solubility, stability and transport to required sites where they can be released for maximum therapeutic effect. Within this review, we intend to present the use of these species both in cancer sensing and treatment. The various macrocyclic compound families will be described, along with brief descriptions of their synthesis and properties, with an outline of their use in cancer detection and usage as therapeutic agents. Their use in the sensing of environmental carcinogens as well as their potential utilisation in the clean-up of some of these species will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Séamus P. J. Higson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK;
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11
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Palma GBH, Kaur M. miRNA-128 and miRNA-223 regulate cholesterol-mediated drug resistance in breast cancer. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:743-764. [PMID: 37070323 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy worldwide and 70% of all breast cancer cases are estrogen receptor-positive (ER+). Endocrine therapy, Tamoxifen (TAM), is a popular treatment for ER+ breast cancer patients; however, despite its success in reducing breast cancer mortality, cancer drug resistance remains a significant challenge. A major contributor to this resistance is the dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis, where breast cancer cells have elevated cholesterol levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of cholesterol-related and cancer drug resistance pathways, and their aberrant expression often confers resistance. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the roles of miRNA-128 and miRNA-223 in cholesterol-mediated TAM resistance. METHODS Three breast cancer cell lines were treated with a combination of 1 μM TAM and 10 μM of a cholesterol depleting agent (Acetyl Plumbagin: AP) following transfection with a miR-128 inhibitor or a miR-223 mimic. Cell viability and cholesterol levels were assessed using an MTT assay and fluorescence staining, respectively. In addition, expression levels of several genes and proteins involved in cancer drug resistance and cholesterol homeostasis were also assessed using RT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS The combination treatment with altered miRNA expression led to reduced cell viability due to a reduction in free cholesterol and lipid rafts in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and long-term estrogen-deprived cells (resistant breast cancer cells). Moreover, reduced miR-128 expression was favoured in all breast cancer cell lines as this alteration lowered the expression of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis and transport, drug resistance, and cell signalling. CONCLUSIONS Investigating the gene expression profiles in different breast cancer cell lines was important to elucidate further the molecular mechanisms involved in miRNA-regulated cholesterol homeostasis and cancer drug resistance. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that miR-128 and miR-223 could be potential targets in reducing TAM resistance through the depletion of excess cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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12
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Saha ST, Abdulla N, Zininga T, Shonhai A, Wadee R, Kaur M. 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2828. [PMID: 37345165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol accumulation is documented in various malignancies including breast cancer. Consequently, depleting cholesterol in cancer cells can serve as a viable treatment strategy. We identified the potency of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), a cholesterol-depletor in vitro against two breast cancer cell lines: MCF-7 (Oestrogen-receptor positive, ER+) and MDA-MB-231 (Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)). The results were then compared against two non-cancerous cell lines using cytotoxic-, apoptosis-, and cholesterol-based assays. Treatment with HPβCD showed preferential and significant cytotoxic potential in cancer cells, inducing apoptosis in both cancer cell lines (p < 0.001). This was mediated due to significant depletion of cholesterol (p < 0.001). We further tested HPβCD in a MF-1 mice (n = 14) xenograft model and obtained 73.9%, 94% and 100% reduction in tumour size for late-, intermediate-, and early-stage TNBC, respectively. We also detected molecular-level perturbations in the expression patterns of several genes linked to breast cancer and cholesterol signalling pathways using RT2-PCR arrays and have identified SFRP1 as a direct binding partner to HPβCD through SPR drug interaction analysis. This work unravels mechanistic insights into HPβCD-induced cholesterol depletion, which leads to intrinsic apoptosis induction. Results from this study potentiate employing cholesterol depletion as a promising unconventional anticancer therapeutic strategy, which warrants future clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Taru Saha
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS-2050, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Naaziyah Abdulla
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS-2050, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Tawanda Zininga
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Addmore Shonhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Reubina Wadee
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand/National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS-2050, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
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Mohandoss S, Velu KS, Stalin T, Ahmad N, Alomar SY, Lee YR. Tenofovir antiviral drug solubility enhancement with β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and in silico study of potential inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro). J Mol Liq 2023; 377:121544. [PMID: 36874474 PMCID: PMC9968670 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFR) is an antiviral drug commonly used to fight against viral diseases infection due to its good potency and high genetic barrier to drug resistance. In physiological conditions, TFR is less water soluble, more unstable, and less permeable, limiting its effective therapeutic applications. In addition to their use in treating the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), cyclodextrins (CDs) are also being used as a molecule to develop therapies for other diseases due to its enhance solubility and stability. This study is designed to synthesize and characterization of β-CD:TFR inclusion complex and its interaction against SARS-CoV-2 (MPro) protein (PDB ID;7cam). Several techniques were used to characterize the prepared β-CD:TFR inclusion complex, including UV-Visible, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and DSC, which provided appropriate evidence to confirm the formation. A 1:1 stoichiometry was determined for β-CD:TFR inclusion complex in aqueous medium from UV-Visible absorption spectra by using the Benesi-Hildebrand method. Phase solubility studies proposed that β-CD enhanced the excellent solubility of TFR and the stability constant was obtained at 863 ± 32 M-1. Moreover, the molecular docking confirmed the experimental results demonstrated the most desirable mode of TFR encapsulated into the β-CD nanocavity via hydrophobic interactions and possible hydrogen bonds. Moreover, TFR was validated in the β-CD:TFR inclusion complex as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) receptors by using in silico methods. The enhanced solubility, stability, and antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (MPro) suggest that β-CD:TFR inclusion complexes can be further used as feasible water-insoluble antiviral drug carriers in viral disease infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonaimuthu Mohandoss
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuppu Sakthi Velu
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Alagappa University, Karikudi 630003, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Thambusamy Stalin
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Alagappa University, Karikudi 630003, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Naushad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Yousef Alomar
- Doping Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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14
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Yuan H, Wu H, Cheng J, Xiong J. SIAH1 ubiquitination-modified HMGCR inhibits lung cancer progression and promotes drug sensitivity through cholesterol synthesis. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:71. [PMID: 37062828 PMCID: PMC10105949 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Deep understanding of chemoresistance will lead to remarkable progress in lung cancer treatment strategy. Cholesterol accumulation was associated with cisplatin resistance in lung cancer treatment. And we found the degree of cisplatin resistance was correlated with the expression of the cholesterol synthesis HMGCR. METHODS We analyzed a group of 42 lung cancer patients who received cisplatin treatment after lung resection surgery. The expression of HMGCR and its correlation with cholesterol in lung cancer cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR and ELISA analyses. We focus on the function and mechanism of HMGCR in lung cancer and reveal that knockdown of HMGCR expression inhibits the proliferation, colony formation, and migration of lung cancer cell lines in vitro or in vivo and dramatically enhances the efficacy of cisplatin. RESULTS Through mechanism studies, we illustrate that SIAH1, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, ubiquitination modifies HMGCR and inhibits efflux protein activity via regulating cholesterol synthesis. In vivo experiments showed that SIAH1 overexpression or using HMGCR knockdown retard tumor growth and enhanced the efficacy of cisplatin. In summary, HMGCR affects cholesterol metabolism by regulating key enzymes in cholesterol synthesis, thereby reducing drug sensitivity. CONCLUSION This study indicates that lung cancer patients with lower HMGCR levels may lead to a better prognosis and provide a potential treatment by SIAH1 overexpression for lung cancer patients with cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongge Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei province, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei province, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei province, China.
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15
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du Plessis TL, Abdulla N, Kaur M. The utility of 3D models to study cholesterol in cancer: Insights and future perspectives. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1156246. [PMID: 37077827 PMCID: PMC10106729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1156246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol remains a vital molecule required for life; however, increasing evidence exists implicating cholesterol in cancer development and progression. Numerous studies investigating the relationship between cholesterol and cancer in 2-dimensional (2D) culture settings exist, however these models display inherent limitations highlighting the incipient need to develop better models to study disease pathogenesis. Due to the multifaceted role cholesterol plays in the cell, researchers have begun utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) culture systems, namely, spheroids and organoids to recapitulate cellular architecture and function. This review aims to describe current studies exploring the relationship between cancer and cholesterol in a variety of cancer types using 3D culture systems. We briefly discuss cholesterol dyshomeostasis in cancer and introduce 3D in-vitro culture systems. Following this, we discuss studies performed in cancerous spheroid and organoid models that focused on cholesterol, highlighting the dynamic role cholesterol plays in various cancer types. Finally, we attempt to provide potential gaps in research that should be explored in this rapidly evolving field of study.
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16
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Ünal S, Varan G, Benito JM, Aktaş Y, Bilensoy E. Insight into oral amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles for colorectal cancer: comprehensive mathematical model of drug release kinetic studies and antitumoral efficacy in 3D spheroid colon tumors. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:139-157. [PMID: 36814451 PMCID: PMC9940600 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer type globally and ranks second in cancer-related deaths. With the current treatment possibilities, a definitive, safe, and effective treatment approach for CRC has not been presented yet. However, new drug delivery systems show promise in this field. Amphiphilic cyclodextrin-based nanocarriers are innovative and interesting formulation approaches for targeting the colon through oral administration. In our previous studies, oral chemotherapy for colon tumors was aimed and promising results were obtained with formulation development studies, mucin interaction, mucus penetration, cytotoxicity, and permeability in 2D cell culture, and furthermore in vivo antitumoral and antimetastatic efficacy in early and late-stage colon cancer models and biodistribution after single dose oral administration. This study was carried out to further elucidate oral camptothecin (CPT)-loaded amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles for the local treatment of colorectal tumors in terms of their drug release behavior and efficacy in 3-dimensional tumor models to predict the in vivo efficacy of different nanocarriers. The main objective was to build a bridge between formulation development and in vitro phase and animal studies. In this context, CPT-loaded polycationic-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles caused reduced cell viability in CT26 and HT29 colon carcinoma spheroid tumors of mice and human origin, respectively. In addition, the release profile, which is one of the critical quality parameters in new drug delivery systems, was investigated mathematically by release kinetic modeling for the first time. The overall findings indicated that the strategy of orally targeting anticancer drugs such as CPT with positively charged poly-β-CD-C6 nanoparticles to colon tumors for local and/or systemic efficacy is a promising approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Ünal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38280, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gamze Varan
- Department of Vaccine Technology, Vaccine Institute, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Juan M Benito
- Institute for Chemical Research, CSIC - University of Sevilla, Av. Americo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Yeşim Aktaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38280, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Erem Bilensoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Napitupulu FI, Sulistyani S, Prangdimurti E, Wijaya CH. Inhibition of Colon Cancer Cells Via Apoptosis Pathway by Ethanolic Extract of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc.) Fruits. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.10.3.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) is an exotic spice from North Sumatra (Indonesia) commonly added to enrich the flavor of Bataknese ethnic food because of its unique aroma and trigeminal sensation. Traditionally, it is also known to have health benefits in the gastrointestinal tract; however no studies have reported it. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potency of Andaliman fruit to inhibit the proliferation of HCT-116 and WiDr colon cancer cells and its underlying mechanism of inhibition. Andaliman fruits were extracted using ethanol. The anti-proliferative effect was evaluated using the MTT test, and the underlying mechanism of inhibition was examined using the Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Hoechst staining. Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were used as the markers for the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic gene expression analysis, respectively. Andaliman ethanolic extract showed potential bioactivity to inhibit the growth of WiDr and HCT-116 cells in vitro with IC50 of 95.61 μg.mL-1 and 94.64 μg.mL-1, respectively. The cytotoxicity effect of andaliman was rationalized by the gene expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in a non-dose-dependent manner. In addition, Andaliman extract could increase the apoptotic gene marker expression in both cells at half of their IC50, i.e. 47.81 μg.mL-1 and 47.32 μg.mL-1 for WiDr and HCT-116 cells, respectively. This study demonstrated that Andaliman fruit could be potentially developed as a functional food ingredient to prevent colon cancer by inducing the apoptosis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florensia Irena Napitupulu
- 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sulistiyani Sulistyani
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Endang Prangdimurti
- 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Christofora Hanny Wijaya
- 4Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center of Excellence, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
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18
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Maja M, Tyteca D. Alteration of cholesterol distribution at the plasma membrane of cancer cells: From evidence to pathophysiological implication and promising therapy strategy. Front Physiol 2022; 13:999883. [PMID: 36439249 PMCID: PMC9682260 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.999883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-enriched domains are nowadays proposed to contribute to cancer cell proliferation, survival, death and invasion, with important implications in tumor progression. They could therefore represent promising targets for new anticancer treatment. However, although diverse strategies have been developed over the years from directly targeting cholesterol membrane content/distribution to adjusting sterol intake, all approaches present more or less substantial limitations. Those data emphasize the need to optimize current strategies, to develop new specific cholesterol-targeting anticancer drugs and/or to combine them with additional strategies targeting other lipids than cholesterol. Those objectives can only be achieved if we first decipher (i) the mechanisms that govern the formation and deformation of the different types of cholesterol-enriched domains and their interplay in healthy cells; (ii) the mechanisms behind domain deregulation in cancer; (iii) the potential generalization of observations in different types of cancer; and (iv) the specificity of some alterations in cancer vs. non-cancer cells as promising strategy for anticancer therapy. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge on the homeostasis, roles and membrane distribution of cholesterol in non-tumorigenic cells. We will then integrate documented alterations of cholesterol distribution in domains at the surface of cancer cells and the mechanisms behind their contribution in cancer processes. We shall finally provide an overview on the potential strategies developed to target those cholesterol-enriched domains in cancer therapy.
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19
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Wang Q, Cao Y, Shen L, Xiao T, Cao R, Wei S, Tang M, Du L, Wu H, Wu B, Yu Y, Wang S, Wen M, OuYang B. Regulation of PD-L1 through direct binding of cholesterol to CRAC motifs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq4722. [PMID: 36026448 PMCID: PMC9417176 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq4722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol, an essential molecule for cell structure, function, and viability, plays crucial roles in the development, progression, and survival of cancer cells. Earlier studies have shown that cholesterol-lowering drugs can inhibit the high expression of programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) that contributes to immunoevasion in cancer cells. However, the regulatory mechanism of cell surface PD-L1 abundance by cholesterol is still controversial. Here, using nuclear magnetic resonance and biochemical techniques, we demonstrated that cholesterol can directly bind to the transmembrane domain of PD-L1 through two cholesterol-recognition amino acid consensus (CRAC) motifs, forming a sandwich-like architecture and stabilizing PD-L1 to prevent downstream degradation. Mutations at key binding residues prohibit PD-L1-cholesterol interactions, decreasing the cellular abundance of PD-L1. Our results reveal a unique regulatory mechanism that controls the stability of PD-L1 in cancer cells, providing an alternative method to overcome PD-L1-mediated immunoevasion in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunlei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Taoran Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruiyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shukun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science Shanghai, ZhangJiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yang Yu
- National Facility for Protein Science Shanghai, ZhangJiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Maorong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bo OuYang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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20
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Diwani N, Chelly M, Athmouni K, Chelly S, Gammoudi S, Turki M, Boudawara T, Ayadi H, Bouaziz-Ketata H. β-cyclodextrin microencapsulation enhanced antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties of Tunisian Periploca angustifolia roots condensed tannins in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61049-61064. [PMID: 35435548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the microencapsulation of novel condensed tannins isolated from Periploca angustifolia roots, using β-cyclodextrin macrocyclic oligosaccharides, in order to enhance their antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic potentials. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results revealed that tannin fraction was successfully included into β-cyclodextrin cavities proved with an encapsulation efficacy of 70%. Our in vitro findings highlighted that both pure and encapsulated tannins have efficient inhibition capacities of pancreatic lipase activity. However, the inclusion complex has the greatest, in vivo, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic effects. In fact, results showed that complexed tannins had markedly restored serum lipid biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl oxidation, and antioxidant enzyme defense. These findings were additionally confirmed by aortic and myocardial muscle sections of histological examination. Consequently, β-cyclodextrin microencapsulation may be considered as an effective and promising technique for tannin delivery with improved antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Diwani
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, LR17ES06, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Meryam Chelly
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, LR17ES06, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Khaled Athmouni
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems Ecology and Planktonology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, CP, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Chelly
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, LR17ES06, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sana Gammoudi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems Ecology and Planktonology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, CP, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Turki
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahia Boudawara
- Anatomopathology Laboratory, Sfax-Faculty of Medicine, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Habib Ayadi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems Ecology and Planktonology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, CP, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Bouaziz-Ketata
- Laboratory of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, LR17ES06, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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Centonze G, Natalini D, Piccolantonio A, Salemme V, Morellato A, Arina P, Riganti C, Defilippi P. Cholesterol and Its Derivatives: Multifaceted Players in Breast Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:906670. [PMID: 35719918 PMCID: PMC9204587 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.906670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential lipid primarily synthesized in the liver through the mevalonate pathway. Besides being a precursor of steroid hormones, bile acid, and vitamin D, it is an essential structural component of cell membranes, is enriched in membrane lipid rafts, and plays a key role in intracellular signal transduction. The lipid homeostasis is finely regulated end appears to be impaired in several types of tumors, including breast cancer. In this review, we will analyse the multifaceted roles of cholesterol and its derivatives in breast cancer progression. As an example of the bivalent role of cholesterol in the cell membrane of cancer cells, on the one hand, it reduces membrane fluidity, which has been associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype in terms of cell motility and migration, leading to metastasis formation. On the other hand, it makes the membrane less permeable to small water-soluble molecules that would otherwise freely cross, resulting in a loss of chemotherapeutics permeability. Regarding cholesterol derivatives, a lower vitamin D is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, while steroid hormones, coupled with the overexpression of their receptors, play a crucial role in breast cancer progression. Despite the role of cholesterol and derivatives molecules in breast cancer development is still controversial, the use of cholesterol targeting drugs like statins and zoledronic acid appears as a challenging promising tool for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Centonze
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dora Natalini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessio Piccolantonio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salemme
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morellato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Arina
- University College London (UCL), Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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22
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Targeting lipid metabolism in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2022; 13:768-783. [PMID: 35634242 PMCID: PMC9132258 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo alterations in lipid metabolism to support their high energy needs, tumorigenesis and evade an anti-tumor immune response. Alterations in fatty acid production are controlled by multiple enzymes, chiefly Acetyl CoA Carboxylase, ATP-Citrate Lyase, Fatty Acid Synthase, and Stearoyl CoA Desaturase 1. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common gynecological malignancy with a high rate of aggressive carcinoma progression and drug resistance. The accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids in ovarian cancer supports cell growth, increased cancer cell migration, and worse patient outcomes. Ovarian cancer cells also expand their lipid stores via increased uptake of lipids using fatty acid translocases, fatty acid-binding proteins, and low-density lipoprotein receptors. Furthermore, increased lipogenesis and lipid uptake promote chemotherapy resistance and dampen the adaptive immune response needed to eliminate tumors. In this review, we discuss the role of lipid synthesis and metabolism in driving tumorigenesis and drug resistance in ovarian cancer conferring poor prognosis and outcomes in patients. We also cover some aspects of how lipids fuel ovarian cancer stem cells, and how these metabolic alterations in intracellular lipid content could potentially serve as biomarkers of ovarian cancer.
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23
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Pramanik U, Khamari L, Rai S, Mahato P, Nandy A, Yadav R, Agrawal S, Mukherjee S. Macrocyclic Cavitand β-Cyclodextrin Inhibits the Alcohol-induced Trypsin Aggregation. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200155. [PMID: 35608331 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin, the most abundant pancreatic protein, aids in protein digestion by hydrolysis and exhibits aggregation propensity in presence of alcohol which can further lead to pancreatitis and eventually pancreatic cancer. Herein, by several experimental and theoretical approaches, we unearth the inhibition of alcohol-induced aggregation of Trypsin by macrocyclic cavitand, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). β-CD interacts with the native protein and shows inhibitory effect in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, the secondary structures and morphologies of Trypsin in presence of β-CD also clearly emphasize the inhibition of fibril formation. From Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, we observed an enhancement in diffusion time of Nile Red with ~ 2.5 times increase in hydrodynamic radius, substantiating the presence of fibrillar structure. Trypsin also shows reduction in its functional activity due to alcohol-induced aggregation. Our simulation data reports the probable residues responsible for fibril formation which was validated by molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasi Pramanik
- IISER Bopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Laxmikanta Khamari
- IISER Bhopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Saurabh Rai
- IISER Bhopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Paritosh Mahato
- IISER Bopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Atanu Nandy
- IISER Bhopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Rahul Yadav
- IISER Bhopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Sameeksha Agrawal
- IISER Bopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, Indore By-Pass Road, Bhauri, 462066, Bhopal, INDIA
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24
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Li D, Yao Y, Rao Y, Huang X, Wei L, You Z, Zheng G, Hou X, Su Y, Varghese Z, Moorhead JF, Chen Y, Ruan XZ. Cholesterol sensor SCAP contributes to sorafenib resistance by regulating autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:116. [PMID: 35354475 PMCID: PMC8966370 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant tumors and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Sorafenib is currently acknowledged as a standard therapy for advanced HCC. However, acquired resistance substantially limits the clinical efficacy of sorafenib. Therefore, further investigations of the associated risk factors are highly warranted. Methods We analysed a group of 78 HCC patients who received sorafenib treatment after liver resection surgery. The expression of SCAP and its correlation with sorafenib resistance in HCC clinical samples were determined by immunohistochemical analyses. Overexpression and knockdown approaches in vitro were used to characterize the functional roles of SCAP in regulating sorafenib resistance. The effects of SCAP inhibition in HCC cell lines were analysed in proliferation, apoptosis, and colony formation assays. Autophagic regulation by SCAP was assessed by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays. The combinatorial effect of a SCAP inhibitor and sorafenib was tested using nude mice. Results Hypercholesterolemia was associated with sorafenib resistance in HCC treatment. The degree of sorafenib resistance was correlated with the expression of the cholesterol sensor SCAP and consequent deposition of cholesterol. SCAP is overexpressed in HCC tissues and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines with sorafenib resistance, while SCAP inhibition could improve sorafenib sensitivity in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Furthermore, we found that SCAP-mediated sorafenib resistance was related to decreased autophagy, which was connected to decreased AMPK activity. A clinically significant finding was that lycorine, a specific SCAP inhibitor, could reverse acquired resistance to sorafenib in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions SCAP contributes to sorafenib resistance through AMPK-mediated autophagic regulation. The combination of sorafenib and SCAP targeted therapy provides a novel personalized treatment to enhance sensitivity in sorafenib-resistant HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02306-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingcheng Yao
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhan Rao
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wei
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhimei You
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guo Zheng
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Su
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Zac Varghese
- John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - John F Moorhead
- John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiong Z Ruan
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China. .,John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
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25
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Yu S, Wang L, Che D, Zhang M, Li M, Naito M, Xin W, Zhou L. Targeting CRABP-II overcomes pancreatic cancer drug resistance by reversing lipid raft cholesterol accumulation and AKT survival signaling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:88. [PMID: 35260193 PMCID: PMC8903155 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Resistance to standard therapy is a major reason for the poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Developing novel therapy to overcome PDAC drug-resistance is urgently needed. CRABP-II was highly expressed in all PDAC but not expressed in normal pancreatic tissues and chronic pancreatitis. CRABP-II was shown to promote PDAC migration and metastasis while its potential role in promoting PDAC drug-resistance was not known. Methods A paired cohort of human primary and relapsing PDAC tissues was assessed for CRABP-II expression by immunohistochemistry. CRISPR/cas9 gene editing was used to establish CRABP-II knockout cell lines and MTT assays were performed to assess gemcitabine sensitivity in vitro. Cleaved caspase-3/PARP blots and Annexin V staining were conducted to detect cell apoptosis. Gene expression microarray, Q-PCR, western blots, Co-IP and RNA-IP were used to study the molecular function of CRABP-II. Sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation was applied to isolate lipid rafts and LC–MS-MS was used to assess cholesterol content. Both subcutaneous CDX models and orthotopic PDX models were established to examine the efficacy of SNIPER-11 and the synergistic effect between SNIPER-11 and gemcitabine in vivo. Results A higher expression of CRABP-II was found in relapsing PDAC tissue and was associated with poor prognosis. Gemcitabine-resistant cell lines exhibited increased level of CRABP-II, while CRABP-II knockout resensitized PDAC cells to gemcitabine. Mechanistically, aberrant expression of CRABP-II increased the stability of SREBP-1c mRNA through cooperation with HuR and upregulated the downstream genes of SREBP-1c to favor cholesterol uptake and accumulation in lipid rafts. Increased lipid raft cholesterol accumulation facilitated ATK survival signaling and PDAC drug resistance. The small compound SNIPER-11 treatment effectively induced CRABP-II protein degradation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed tumor growth. Combination of SNIPER-11 and gemcitabine significantly reduced the lipid raft cholesterol content in CDX/PDX and profoundly inhibited tumor progression. Conclusions These findings identified CRABP-II as a novel regulator of cholesterol metabolism and suggested that CRABP-II is a selective target for overcoming PDAC drug resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02261-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiliang Yu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Danian Che
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Division of Biostatistics of the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angles, California, USA
| | - Mikihiko Naito
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wei Xin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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26
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LncRNA lncAY is upregulated by sulfatide via Myb/MEF2C acetylation to promote the tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194777. [PMID: 34843988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
LncRNA (long noncoding RNA) is often dysregulated in tumors especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the dysregulation mechanism of lncRNAs is largely unknown. Here, we showed that lncRNA lncAY expression was stimulated in HCC by either endogenous or exogenous sulfatide. Elevated lncAY promoted HCC cell migration or angiogenesis, whereas lncAY silence suppressed HCC cell migration and proliferation. Interestingly, the activity of lncAY gene promoter was enhanced by sulfatide. Then Myb and MEF2C were identified as the transcription factors responsible for the stimulation of lncAY promoter activity and transcription by sulfatide. Both Myb and MEF2C enrichment on lncAY promoter was further confirmed, and their occupancy on lncAY promoter was strengthened by sulfatide for Myb or MEF2C was acetylated. Mutant Myb-K456A exhibited reduced acetylation and weak stimulation for lncAY transcription. However, Myb mutation K456/503A prevented Myb from acetylation induced by sulfatide. The mutant Myb K456/503A further was unable to occupy lncAY promoter and enhance lncAY transcription. In conclusion, this study demonstrated lncAY transcription was abnormally upregulated by sulfatide in HCC through Myb/MEF2C to promote HCC progression.
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27
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Gao Y, Pan Y, Wang T, Yao Y, Yuan W, Zhu X, Wang K. MicroRNA-99a-3p/GRP94 axis affects metastatic progression of human papillary thyroid carcinoma by regulating ITGA2 expression and localization. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1650-1661. [PMID: 34687203 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) usually has favorable prognosis; however, distant metastasis is a leading cause of death associated with PTC. MicroRNA-99a-3p (miR-99a-3p) is a member of the miR-99 family that is shown to be a tumor suppressor in various human cancers including the anaplastic thyroid cancer, another type of thyroid cancer. The Cancer Genome Atlas database and our previous study reported that miR-99a-3p is downregulated in human PTC tissues as well as human papillary thyroid carcinoma B-CPAP and TPC-1 cell lines. However, its pathological role in PTC remains unclear, especially its impact on PTC metastasis. In the present study, the role of miR-99a-3p in PTC metastasis was molecularly evaluated in in vitro and in vivo models. Our functional study revealed that overexpressing miR-99a-3p significantly suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and anoikis resistance as well as migration and invasion of B-CPAP and TPC-1 cells. The mechanical study indicated that glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) is the direct target of miR-99a-3p. Moreover, GRP94 overexpression reverses the inhibitory effect of miR-99a-3p on PTC metastasis. In addition, the miR-99a-3p/GRP94 axis exerts its effect via inhibiting the expression and cytoplasmic relocation of integrin 2α (ITGA2). Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed that miR-99a-3p significantly inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in PTC xenograft mice. Overall, our findings suggested that the miR-99a-3p/GRP94/ITGA2 axis may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of PTC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiangyuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Wenbo Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xue Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Ke Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
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28
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Wang XD, Kim C, Zhang Y, Rindhe S, Cobb MH, Yu Y. Cholesterol Regulates the Tumor Adaptive Resistance to MAPK Pathway Inhibition. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:5379-5391. [PMID: 34751028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although targeted MAPK pathway inhibition has achieved remarkable patient responses in many cancers, the development of resistance has remained a critical challenge. Adaptive tumor response underlies the drug resistance. Furthermore, such bypass mechanisms often lead to the activation of many pro-survival kinases, which complicates the rational design of combination therapies. Here, we performed global tyrosine phosphoproteomic (pTyr) analyses and demonstrated that targeted MAPK signaling inhibition in melanoma leads to a profound remodeling of the pTyr proteome. Intriguingly, altered cholesterol metabolism might drive, in a coordinated fashion, the activation of these kinases. Indeed, we found an accumulation of intracellular cholesterol in melanoma cells (with BRAFV600E mutations) and non-small cell lung cancer cells (with KRASG12C mutations) treated with MAPK and KRASG12C inhibitors, respectively. Importantly, depletion of cholesterol not only prevents the feedback activation of pTyr signaling but also enhances the cytotoxic effects of MAPK pathway inhibitors, both in vitro and in vivo. Together, our findings suggest that cholesterol contributes to the tumor adaptive response upon targeted MAPK pathway inhibitors. These results also suggest that MAPK pathway inhibitors could be combined with cholesterol-lowering agents to achieve a more complete and durable response in tumors with hyperactive MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390 Texas, United States
| | - Chiho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390 Texas, United States
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390 Texas, United States
| | - Smita Rindhe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390 Texas, United States
| | - Melanie H Cobb
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390 Texas, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390 Texas, United States
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390 Texas, United States
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29
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Aytatli A, Barlak N, Sanli F, Caglar HO, Gundogdu B, Tatar A, Ittmann M, Karatas OF. AZD4547 targets the FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis to overcome paclitaxel resistance in head and neck cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 45:41-56. [PMID: 34837170 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Development of chemoresistance is one of the major obstacles to the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The PI3K/Akt pathway, involved in drug resistance, has been found to be overactivated in > 90% of HNSCCs. Aberrant activation of the FGF receptors (FGFRs) has been reported to cause overactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and to be associated with the maintenance of stem cell features, which is controlled via SOX2 expression. In this study, we aimed at investigating the potential of using AZD4547, an orally bioavailable FGFR inhibitor, to overcome taxol-resistance by targeting the FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis in HNSCC. METHODS We initially evaluated FGFR2 and SOX2 expression using in silico tools. We analyzed the FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis in normal/tumor tissue pairs and in recombinant FGF2 treated HNSCC cells. Next, we explored the effects of AZD4547 alone and in combination with taxol on the proliferation, migration and colony forming capacities of parental/taxol-resistant cells using in vitro models. RESULTS We found that the p-FGFR, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and SOX2 expression levels were higher in tumor tissues than in its corresponding normal tissues, and that AZD4547 effectively suppressed the expression of FGFR and its downstream targets in recombinant FGF2 treated HNSCC cells. We also found that AZD4547 diminished the viability, migration and colony forming capacity of HNSCC cells, and that co-treatment with taxol potentiated the impact of taxol on these cells. Finally, we found that AZD4547 inhibited the overexpressed FGFR/Akt/SOX2 axis and profoundly suppressed cancer-related phenotypes in taxol-resistant HNSCC cells. CONCLUSION From our data we conclude that AZD4547 may increase the impact of taxol during HNSCC treatment. We suggest AZD4547 as a therapeutic agent to overcome taxol-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmelik Aytatli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Neslisah Barlak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sanli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Onur Caglar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Gundogdu
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Tatar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Michael Ittmann
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Omer Faruk Karatas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalani Yolu Cad. No: 53 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey.
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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30
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Shi W, Men L, Pi X, Jiang T, Peng D, Huo S, Luo P, Wang M, Guo J, Jiang Y, Peng L, Lin L, Li S, Lv J. Shikonin suppresses colon cancer cell growth and exerts synergistic effects by regulating ADAM17 and the IL‑6/STAT3 signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:99. [PMID: 34726248 PMCID: PMC8577797 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation is associated with drug resistance induced by anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) therapy in the treatment of colon cancer. Thus, the combined inhibition of EGFR and STAT3 may prove beneficial for this type of cancer. STAT3 has been proven to play a critical role in colon cancer initiation and progression, and is considered the primary downstream effector driven by interleukin-6 (IL-6). A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), documented as an oncogene, catalyzes the cleavage of both EGF and IL-6R, inducing EGFR signaling and enabling IL-6 trans-signaling to activate STAT3 in a wide range of cell types to promote inflammation and cancer development. As a natural product, shikonin (SKN) has been found to function as an antitumor agent; however, its role in the regulation of ADAM17 and IL-6/STAT3 signaling in colon cancer cells remains unknown. In the present study, it was found that SKN inhibited colon cancer cell growth, suppressed both constitutive and IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, and downregulated the expression of ADAM17. ADAM17 expression was not altered in response to STAT3 knockdown, while IL-6-induced STAT3 activation did not induce ADAM17 transcripts. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that SKN did not affect the expression of key proteins involved in the maturation and degradation of ADAM17. SKN decreased ADAM17 expression possibly through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated translational inhibition, as evidenced by the increased ADAM17 mRNA and phosphorylation levels of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). The expression of ADAM17 and p-eIF2α was reversed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a ROS scavenger). Taken together, these results indicate that the concurrent inhibition of ADAM17 and IL-6/STAT3 signaling by SKN may synergistically contribute to the suppression of colon cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lintong Men
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Pi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Dewei Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Shengqi Huo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Moran Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Guo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Wang C, Hu X, Wan Y, Wang S, Qi K, Li Y, Qiao J, Zeng L, Li Z, Fu C, Xu K. The Synergistic Inhibitory Effect of Combining MK-2206 and AZD 6244 in MARIMO Cells Harboring a Calreticulin Gene Mutation. Chemotherapy 2021; 66:169-178. [PMID: 34666331 DOI: 10.1159/000518921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Somatic mutations in the calreticulin (CALR) gene occur in most myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) patients who lack Janus kinase 2 or thrombopoietin receptor (MPL) mutations, but the molecular pathogenesis of MPN with mutated CALR is unclear, which limited the further treatment for CALR gene mutant patients. OBJECTIVES Previous studies showed that CALR mutations not only activated serine/threonine protein kinase (AKT) in primary mouse bone marrow cells but also mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in MARIMO cells harboring a heterozygous 61-bp deletion in CALR exon 9, which were responsible for mutant CALR cell survival, respectively. Hence, we aimed to initially explore the mechanism of AKT activation and observe the synergistic inhibitory effect of combining AKT (MK-2206) and MAPK kinase (AZD 6244) inhibitors in MARIMO cells. METHODS We detected the expression of phosphorylated AKT in MARIMO cells treated with inhibitors for 24 or 48 h by western blotting and analyzed cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis by flow cytometry. We further examined the synergistic inhibitory effect of combining MK-2206 and AZD 6244 in MARIMO cells using the median effect principle of Chou and Talalay. RESULTS We found that the AKT was activated in MARIMO cells, and blocking its activity significantly inhibited MARIMO cell growth with downregulation of cyclin D and E, and accelerated cell apoptosis by decreasing Bcl-2 but increasing Bax and cleaved caspase-3 levels in a dose-dependent manner. Further analysis showed that AKT activation was dependent on mammalian target of rapamycin but not on the JAK signaling pathway in MARIMO cells, displaying that inhibition of JAK activity by ruxolitinib (RUX) did not decrease the AKT phosphorylation. Furthermore, the combination of MK-2206 and AZD 6244 produced a significantly synergistic inhibitory effect on MARIMO cells. CONCLUSIONS AKT activation is a feature of MARIMO cells and co-targeting of AKT and MAPKs signaling pathways synergistically inhibits MARIMO cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xueting Hu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Wan
- The affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and the Second People's Hospital Huai'an, Huai'an, China
| | - Shujin Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kunming Qi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Zhao C, Ling X, Xia Y, Yan B, Guan Q. The m6A methyltransferase METTL3 controls epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion of breast cancer through the MALAT1/miR-26b/HMGA2 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:441. [PMID: 34419065 PMCID: PMC8380348 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed the key functions of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in breast cancer (BC). MALAT1 as a highly m6A modified lncRNA associated with cancer development and metastasis, but the functional relevance of m6A methyltransferase and MALAT1 in BC is still unknown. Here, our study investigated the effects of the novel m6A methyltransferase METTL3 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BC via the MALAT1/miR-26b/HMGA2 axis. METHODS Firstly, we collected clinical BC samples and cultured BC cells, and detected mRNA and protein levels in the human samples and human cell lines by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Then, the binding of MALAT1 and miR-26b and the targeting relationship between miR-26b and HMGA2 were examined by dual-luciferase assay. Moreover, the binding of MALAT1 and miR-26b was tested by RNA pull down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Methylated-RNA immunoprecipitation (Me-RIP) was used to detect the m6A modification level of MALAT1. The interaction of METTL3 and MALAT1 was detected by photoactivatable ribonucleoside-crosslinking immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP). Finally, effects on invasion and migration were detected by Transwell. RESULTS In BC, the level of miR-26b was consistently low, while the levels of METTL3, MALAT1 and HMGA2 were high. Further experiments showed that METTL3 up-regulated MALAT1 expression by modulating the m6A modification of MALAT1, and that MALAT1 could promote the expression of HMGA2 by sponging miR-26b. In BC cells, we found that silencing METTL3 could inhibit EMT and tumor cell invasion by suppressing MALAT1. Furthermore, MALAT1 mediated miR-26b to target HMGA2 and promote EMT, migration, and invasion. In summary, METTL3 promoted tumorigenesis of BC via the MALAT1/miR-26b/HMGA2 axis. CONCLUSIONS Silencing METTL3 down-regulate MALAT1 and HMGA2 by sponging miR-26b, and finally inhibit EMT, migration and invasion in BC, providing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Ling
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Xia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxue Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanlin Guan
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Western Donggang Road, Chengguan District, Gansu, 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Suk FM, Wang YH, Chiu WC, Liu CF, Wu CY, Chen TL, Liao YJ. Secretory NPC2 Protein-Mediated Free Cholesterol Levels Were Correlated with the Sorafenib Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168567. [PMID: 34445279 PMCID: PMC8395255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor in the world. Sorafenib is the first-line drug for patients with advanced HCC. However, long-term treatment with sorafenib often results in reduced sensitivity of tumor cells to the drug, leading to acquired resistance. Identifying biomarkers which can predict the response to sorafenib treatment may represent a clinical challenge in the personalized treatment era. Niemann-Pick type C2 (NPC2), a secretory glycoprotein, plays an important role in regulating intracellular free cholesterol homeostasis. In HCC patients, downregulation of hepatic NPC2 is correlated with poor clinical pathological features through regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. This study aimed to investigate the roles of secretory NPC2-mediated free cholesterol levels as biomarkers when undergoing sorafenib treatment and evaluate its impact on acquired sorafenib resistance in HCC cells. Herein, we showed that NPC2 downregulation and free cholesterol accumulation weakened sorafenib’s efficacy through enhancing MAPK/AKT signaling in HCC cells. Meanwhile, NPC2 overexpression slightly enhanced the sorafenib-induced cytotoxic effect. Compared to normal diet feeding, mice fed a high-cholesterol diet had much higher tumor growth rates, whereas treatment with the free cholesterol-lowering agent, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, enhanced sorafenib’s tumor-inhibiting ability. In addition, sorafenib treatment induced higher NPC2 secretion, which was mediated by inhibition of the Ras/Raf/MAPK kinase (MEK)/ERK signaling pathway in HCC cells. In both acquired sorafenib-resistant cell and xenograft models, NPC2 and free cholesterol secretion were increased in culture supernatant and serum samples. In conclusion, NPC2-mediated free cholesterol secretion may represent a candidate biomarker for the likelihood of HCC cells developing resistance to sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fat-Moon Suk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hsi Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Wan-Chun Chiu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Fan Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Chien-Ying Wu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Tzu-Lang Chen
- Department of Medical Education, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Jen Liao
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-H.W.); (C.-F.L.); (C.-Y.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27361661-3333
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Zhao Z, Liao N. Bergamottin Induces DNA Damage and Inhibits Malignant Progression in Melanoma by Modulating miR-145/Cyclin D1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3769-3781. [PMID: 34168462 PMCID: PMC8216741 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s275322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Melanoma is a prevalent skin cancer with the high rate of metastasis and mortality, affecting the increasing number of people worldwide. Bergamottin (BGM) is a natural furanocoumarin derived from grapefruits and presents the potential anti-cancer activity in several tumor models. However, the role of BGM in the development of melanoma remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of BGM on the DNA damage and progression of melanoma. Methods The effect of BGM on the melanoma progression was analyzed by CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, transwell assays, Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit, cell-cycle analysis, in vivo tumorigenicity analysis. The mechanism investigation was performed using luciferase reporter gene assays, qPCR assays, and Western blot analysis. Results We identified that BGM repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells. BGM induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and enhanced apoptosis of melanoma cells. The DNA damage in the melanoma cells was stimulated by the BGM treatment. Meanwhile, BGM was able to up-regulate the expression of miR-145 and miR-145 targeted Cyclin D1 in the melanoma cells. Furthermore, BGM inhibited the progression of melanoma by targeting miR-145/Cyclin D1 axis in vitro. BGM attenuated the tumor growth of melanoma in vivo. Conclusion Thus, we conclude that BGM induces DNA damage and inhibits tumor progression in melanoma by modulating the miR-145/Cyclin D1 axis. Our finding provides new insights into the mechanism by which BGM modulates the development of melanoma. BGM may be applied as a potential anti-tumor candidate for the clinical treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfang Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Nong Liao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510150, People's Republic of China
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Zhao H, Zhu X, Luo Y, Liu S, Wu W, Zhang L, Zhu J. LINC01816 promotes the migration, invasion and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of thyroid carcinoma cells by sponging miR‑34c‑5p and regulating CRABP2 expression levels. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:81. [PMID: 33786631 PMCID: PMC8025121 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is a common type of endocrine system cancer and its current clinical treatment method is surgical resection. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to serve important roles in a variety of complex human diseases. Therefore, determining the association between lncRNAs and diseases may provide novel insight into disease-related lncRNAs, with the aim of improving disease treatments and diagnoses. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1816 (LINC01816) was identified to be associated with the survival of patients with colorectal cancer using the IDHI-MIRW method. The present study aimed to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of LINC01816 in THCA. Analysis of datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed that the upregulation of LINC01816 expression levels was associated with a variety of cancer types. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that compared with the normal thyroid tissues, the expression levels of LINC01816 were upregulated in THCA tissues. The results of wound healing and Transwell assays, and western blotting demonstrated that the overexpression of LINC01816 could strengthen the invasive and migratory abilities of THCA cells and enhance epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression. Analysis using the starBase website and dual-luciferase reporter assays identified that microRNA (miR)-34c-5p was a target of LINC01816. The overexpression of miR-34c-5p could inhibit the invasive and migratory abilities of THCA cells, in addition to inhibiting the cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) overexpression-induced effects on invasion, migration and EMT processes. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that LINC01816 may be capable of sponging miR-34c-5p to upregulate CRABP2 expression levels, which subsequently promoted the invasion, migration and EMT of THCA cells. Therefore, targeting the LINC01816/miR-34c-5p/CRABP2 pathway may be an effective therapeutic approach for patients with THCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shengshan Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Wenshuang Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Jingqiang Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
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Mayengbam SS, Singh A, Pillai AD, Bhat MK. Influence of cholesterol on cancer progression and therapy. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101043. [PMID: 33751965 PMCID: PMC8010885 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormality in blood cholesterol level is significantly correlated with risk of different cancers. Majority of tumor tissue from cancer patient exhibits overexpression of LDLR and ACAT for supporting rapid cancer cell proliferation. Alteration of the cholesterol metabolism in cancer cells hampers therapeutic response. Targeting cholesterol metabolism for treatment of cancer with other conventional chemotherapeutic drugs appears to be beneficial.
Cholesterol is a fundamental molecule necessary for the maintenance of cell structure and is vital to various normal biological functions. It is a key factor in lifestyle-related diseases including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Owing to its altered serum chemistry status under pathological states, it is now being investigated to unravel the mechanism by which it triggers various health complications. Numerous clinical studies in cancer patients indicate an alteration in blood cholesterol level (either decreased or increased) in comparison to normal healthy individuals. This article elaborates on our understanding as to how cholesterol is being hijacked in the malignancy for the development, survival, stemness, progression, and metastasis of cancerous cells. Also, it provides a glimpse of how cholesterol derived entities, alters the signaling pathway towards their advantage. Moreover, deregulation of the cholesterol metabolism pathway has been often reported to hamper various treatment strategies in different cancer. In this context, attempts have been made to bring forth its relevance in being targeted, in pre-clinical and clinical studies for various treatment modalities. Thus, understanding the role of cholesterol and deciphering associated molecular mechanisms in cancer progression and therapy are of relevance towards improvement in the management of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhijeet Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Ajay D Pillai
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Bhat
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India.
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Zhao F, Hao Z, Zhong Y, Xu Y, Guo M, Zhang B, Yin X, Li Y, Zhou X. Discovery of breast cancer risk genes and establishment of a prediction model based on estrogen metabolism regulation. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:194. [PMID: 33632172 PMCID: PMC7905915 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple common variants identified by genome-wide association studies have shown limited evidence of the risk of breast cancer in Chinese individuals. In this study, we aimed to uncover the relationship between estrogen levels and the genetic polymorphism of estrogen metabolism-related enzymes in breast cancer (BC) and establish a risk prediction model composed of estrogen-metabolizing enzyme genes and GWAS-identified breast cancer-related genes based on a polygenic risk score. Methods Unrelated BC patients and healthy subjects were recruited for analysis of estrogen levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding estrogen metabolism-related enzymes. The polygenic risk score (PRS) was used to explore the combined effect of multiple genes, which was calculated using a Bayesian approach. An independent sample t-test was used to evaluate the differences between PRS scores of BC and healthy subjects. The discriminatory accuracy of the models was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The estrogen homeostasis profile was disturbed in BC patients, with parent estrogens (E1, E2) and carcinogenic catechol estrogens (2/4-OHE1, 2-OHE2, 4-OHE2) significantly accumulating in the serum of BC patients. We then established a PRS model to evaluate the role of SNPs in multiple genes. PRS model 1 (M1) was established from SNPs in 6 GWAS-identified high risk genes. On the basis of M1, we added SNPs from 7 estrogen metabolism enzyme genes to establish PRS model 2 (M2). The independent sample t-test results showed that there was no difference between BC and healthy subjects in M1 (P = 0.17); however, there was a significant difference between BC and healthy subjects in M2 (P = 4.9*10− 5). The ROC curve results showed that the accuracy of M2 (AUC = 62.18%) in breast cancer risk identification was better than that of M1 (AUC = 54.56%). Conclusion Estrogen and related metabolic enzyme gene polymorphisms are closely related to BC. The model constructed by adding estrogen metabolic enzyme gene SNPs has a good predictive ability for breast cancer risk, and the accuracy is greatly improved compared with that of the PRS model that only includes GWAS-identified gene SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, China
| | - Zhixiang Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yanan Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yinxue Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Mazloomi SM, Foroutan-Ghaznavi M, Montazeri V, Tavoosidana G, Fakhrjou A, Nozad-Charoudeh H, Pirouzpanah S. Profiling the expression of pro-metastatic genes in association with the clinicopathological features of primary breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:6. [PMID: 33407452 PMCID: PMC7789694 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis accounts for ninety percent of breast cancer (BrCa) mortality. Cortactin, Ras homologous gene family member A (RhoA), and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) raise cellular motility in favor of metastasis. Claudins (CLDN) belong to tight junction integrity and are dysregulated in BrCa. Thus far, epidemiologic evidence regarding the association of different pro-metastatic genes with pathological phenotypes of BrCa is largely inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the possible transcriptional models of pro-metastatic genes incorporate in holding the integrity of epithelial cell-cell junctions (CTTN, RhoA, ROCK, CLDN-1, CLDN-2, and CLDN-4), for the first time, in association with clinicopathological features of primary BrCa. METHODS In a consecutive case-series design, 206 newly diagnosed non-metastatic eligible BrCa patients with histopathological confirmation (30-65 years) were recruited in Tabriz, Iran (2015-2017). Real-time RT-PCR was used. Then fold changes in the expression of target genes were measured. RESULTS ROCK amplification was associated with the involvement of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM; ORadj. = 3.05, 95%CI 1.01-9.18). Consistently, inter-correlations of CTTN-ROCK (β = 0.226, P < 0.05) and RhoA-ROCK (β = 0.311, P < 0.01) were determined among patients diagnosed with ALNM+ BrCa. In addition, the overexpression of CLDN-4 was frequently observed in tumors identified by ALNM+ or grade III (P < 0.05). The overexpression of CTTN, CLDN-1, and CLDN-4 genes was correlated positively with the extent of tumor size. CTTN overexpression was associated with the increased chance of luminal-A positivity vs. non-luminal-A (ORadj. = 1.96, 95%CI 1.02-3.77). ROCK was also expressed in luminal-B BrCa tumors (P < 0.05). The estrogen receptor-dependent transcriptions were extended to the inter-correlations of RhoA-ROCK (β = 0.280, P < 0.01), ROCK-CLDN-2 (β = 0.267, P < 0.05), and CLDN-1-CLDN-4 (β = 0.451, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS For the first time, our findings suggested that the inter-correlations of CTTN-ROCK and RhoA-ROCK were significant transcriptional profiles determined in association with ALNM involvement; therefore the overexpression of ROCK may serve as a potential molecular marker for lymphatic metastasis. The provided binary transcriptional profiles need more approvals in different clinical features of BrCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7193635899 Iran
| | - Mitra Foroutan-Ghaznavi
- Students’ Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7134814336 Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166414766 Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Surgery Ward, Nour-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz, 5166614766 Iran
| | - Gholamreza Tavoosidana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417755469 Iran
| | - Ashraf Fakhrjou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766 Iran
| | | | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166414766 Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614711 Iran
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Liu X, Li H, Cong X, Huo D, Cong L, Wu G. α-MSH-PE38KDEL Kills Melanoma Cells via Modulating Erk1/2/MITF/TYR Signaling in an MC1R-Dependent Manner. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12457-12469. [PMID: 33299329 PMCID: PMC7721307 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s268554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective The immunotoxin α-MSH-PE38KDEL consisting of α-MSH and PE38KDEL showed high cytotoxicity on MSH receptor-positive melanoma cells, suggesting that α-MSH-PE38KDEL might be a potent drug for the treatment of melanoma. Herein, we explored whether the Erk1/2/MITF/TYR signaling, a verified target of α-MSH/MC1R, was involved in α-MSH-PE38KDEL-mediated cytotoxicity. Methods Human melanoma cell line A375, mouse melanoma cell line B16-F10, human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and human primary epidermal melanocytes (HEMa) with different expression levels of MC1R were used in this study. Cell apoptosis and viability were determined by using flow cytometry and MTT assays. Protein expressions were tested by Western blotting. Results The expression levels of MC1R in A375 and B16-F10 cells were significantly higher than that of MDA-MB-231 and HEMa. α-MSH-PE38KDEL treatment induced a significant inhibition in cell viability in A375 and B16-F10 cells, while showed no obvious influence in the viability of MDA-MB-231 and HEMa cells. However, knockdown of MC1R abolished α-MSH-PE38KDEL role in promoting cell apoptosis in A375 and B16-F10 cells, and upregulation of MC1R endowed α-MSH-PE38KDEL function to promote cell apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and HEMa cells. Additionally, α-MSH-PE38KDEL treatment increased the phosphorylation levels of Erk1/2 and MITF (S73), and decreased MITF and TYR expressions in an MC1R-dependent manner. All of the treatments, including inhibition of Erk1/2 with PD98059, MC1R downregulation and MITF overexpression weakened the anti-tumor role of α-MSH-PE38KDEL in melanoma. Conclusion Collectively, this study indicates that α-MSH-PE38KDEL promotes melanoma cell apoptosis via modulating Erk1/2/MITF/TYR signaling in an MC1R-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Emergency Medical Department, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianling Cong
- Tissue Bank, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Huo
- Department of Hand Surgery, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Cong
- Department of Dermatology, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhi Wu
- Department of Hand Surgery, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130033, People's Republic of China
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Varan G, Akkın S, Demirtürk N, Benito JM, Bilensoy E. Erlotinib entrapped in cholesterol-depleting cyclodextrin nanoparticles shows improved antitumoral efficacy in 3D spheroid tumors of the lung and the liver. J Drug Target 2020; 29:439-453. [PMID: 33210947 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1853743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Erlotinib (ERL), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for therapeutic use in non-small cell lung cancer is further researched for eventual liver cancer treatment. However, conventional ERL has important bioavailability problems resulting from oral administration, poor solubility and gastrointestinal degradation into inactive metabolites. Alternative administration routes and nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are studied to prevent or reduce these drawbacks. In this study, ERL-loaded CD nanosphere and nanocapsule formulations capable of cholesterol depletion in resistant cancer cells were evaluated for ERL delivery. Drug loading and release profile depended largely on the surface charge of nanoparticles. Antiproliferative activity data obtained from 2D and 3D cell culture models demonstrated that polycationic βCD nanocapsules were the most effective formulation for ERL delivery to lung and liver cancer cells. 3D tumour tumoral penetration studies further revealed that nanocapsule formulations penetrated deeper into the tumour through the multilayered cells. Furthermore, all formulations were able to extract membrane cholesterol from lung and liver cancer cell lines, indicating the induction of apoptosis and overcoming drug resistance. In conclusion, given their tumoral penetration and cell membrane cholesterol depletion abilities, amphiphilic CD nanocapsules emerge as promising alternatives to improve the safety and efficiency of ERL treatment of both liver and lung tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Varan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Safiye Akkın
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurbanu Demirtürk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Juan M Benito
- Institute for Chemical Research, CSIC - University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Erem Bilensoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Xie Q, Xiao YS, Jia SC, Zheng JX, Du ZC, Chen YC, Chen MT, Liang YK, Lin HY, Zeng D. FABP7 is a potential biomarker to predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:562. [PMID: 33292226 PMCID: PMC7684949 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is critical in choosing appropriate chemotherapeutic regimen for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Herein, we sought to identify potential biomarkers to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients. METHODS Three genomic profiles acquired by microarray analysis from subjects with or without residual tumors after NAC downloaded from the GEO database were used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). An array of public databases, including ONCOMINE, cBioportal, Breast Cancer Gene Expression Miner v4.0, and the Kaplan Meir-plotter, etc., were used to evaluate the potential functions, related signaling pathway, as well as prognostic values of FABP7 in breast cancer. Anti-cancer drug sensitivity assay, real-time PCR, flow cytometry and western-blotting assays were used to investigate the function of FABP7 in breast cancer cells and examine the relevant mechanism. RESULTS Two differentially expressed genes, including FABP7 and ESR1, were identified to be potential indicators of response to anthracycline and taxanes for breast cancer. FABP7 was associated with better chemotherapeutic response, while ESR1 was associated with poorer chemotherapeutic effectiveness. Generally, the expression of FABP7 was significantly lower in breast cancer than normal tissue samples. FABP7 mainly high expressed in ER-negative breast tumor and might regulate cell cycle to enhance chemosensitivity. Moreover, elevated FABP7 expression increased the percentage of cells at both S and G2/M phase in MDA-MB-231-ADR cells, and decreased the percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase, as compared to control group. Western-blotting results showed that elevated FABP7 expression could increase Skp2 expression, while decrease Cdh1 and p27kip1 expression in MDA-MB-231-ADR cells. In addition, FABP7 was correlated to longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) in BC patients with ER-negative subtype of BC treated with chemotherapy. CONCLUSION FABP7 is a potential favorable biomarker and predicts better response to NAC in breast cancer patients. Future study on the predictive value and detail molecular mechanisms of FABP7 in contribution to chemosensitivity in breast cancer is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515031, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Sheng Xiao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, 114 Waima Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Cheng Jia
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Xuan Zheng
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Chao Du
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Tong Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Ke Liang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Yu Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515031, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Cui D, Ni C. LncRNA Lnc712 Promotes Tumorigenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting miR-142-3p/Bach-1 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:11285-11294. [PMID: 33177878 PMCID: PMC7652235 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s254950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is known that Lnc712 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. However, whether it is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of Lnc712 in HCC. Methods Sixty-four HCC patients were enrolled and followed up for 5 years to analyze the prognostic value of Lnc712 for HCC. HCC cells were transfected with Lnc712 expression vector, Bach-1 expression vector (or siRNA) and miR-142-3p mimic (or inhibitor) to explore the interactions among Lnc712, miR-142-3p and Bach-1. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle were analyzed by CCK-8 assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay and flow cytometry assay, respectively. Results The expression of Lnc712 was upregulated in HCC, and the upregulated Lnc712 expression was significantly related to poor overall survival in HCC patients. In HCC cells, Lnc712 interacted with miR-142-3p and upregulated Bach-1, a target of miR-142-3p. In addition, Lnc712 promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle, while its effects were abolished by miR-142-3p mimic. Moreover, miR-142-3p mimic enhanced HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle, while its effects were abolished by Bach-1 overexpression. miR-142-3p inhibitor repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle in HCC cells, while its effects were abolished by Bach-1 knockdown. Furthermore, Lnc712 knockdown remarkably inhibited HCC tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion Lnc712 may promote the development of HCC by targeting the miR-142-3p/Bach-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cui
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Caifang Ni
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province 215006, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Song L, Wang B, Tao C, Shi L, Xu M. Circ0120816 acts as an oncogene of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting miR-1305 and releasing TXNRD1. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:526. [PMID: 33292234 PMCID: PMC7597039 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been discovered to participate in the carcinogenesis of multiple cancers. However, the role of circRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression is yet to be properly understood. This research aimed to investigate and understand the mechanism used by circRNAs to regulate ESCC progression. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was first performed to screen dysregulated circRNAs and differentially expressed genes in ESCC. The ESCC tissue samples and adjacent normal tissue samples utilized in this study were obtained from 36 ESCC patients. All the samples were subjected to qRT-PCR analysis to identify the expression of TXNRD1, circRNAs, and miR-1305. Luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay and RNA pull-down assay were later conducted to verify the existing relationship among circ0120816, miR-1305 and TXNRD1. CCK-8, BrdU, cell adhesion, cell cycle, western blot and caspase 3 activity assays were also employed to evaluate the regulation of these three biological molecules in ESCC carcinogenesis. To evaluate the effect of circ0120816 on ESCC tumor growth and metastasis, the xenograft mice model was constructed. RESULTS Experimental investigations revealed that circ0120816 was the highest upregulated circRNA in ESCC tissues and that this non-coding RNA acted as a miR-1305 sponge in enhancing cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion as well as repressing cell apoptosis in ESCC cell lines. Moreover, miR-1305 was observed to exert a tumor-suppressive effect in ESCC cells by directly targeting and repressing TXNRD1. It was also noticed that TXNRD1 could regulate cyclin, cell adhesion molecule, and apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, silencing circ0120816 was found to repress ESCC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This research confirmed that circ0120816 played an active role in promoting ESCC development by targeting miR-1305 and upregulating oncogene TXNRD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Laichun Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Tao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
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Khorsandi K, Hosseinzadeh R, Chamani E. Molecular interaction and cellular studies on combination photodynamic therapy with rutoside for melanoma A375 cancer cells: an in vitro study. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:525. [PMID: 33132760 PMCID: PMC7596947 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanoma as a type of skin cancer, is associated with a high mortality rate. Therefore, early diagnosis and efficient surgical treatment of this disease is very important. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the activation of a photosensitizer by light at specific wavelength that interacts with oxygen and creates singlet oxygen molecules or reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to tumor cell death. Furthermore, one of the main approches in the prevention and treatment of various cancers is plant compounds application. Phenolic compounds are essential class of natural antioxidants, which play crucial biological roles such as anticancer effects. It was previously suggested that flavonoid such as rutoside could acts as pro-oxidant or antioxidant. Hence, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of rutoside on the combination therapy with methylene blue (MB) assisted by photodynamic treatment (PDT) using red light source (660 nm; power density: 30 mW/cm2) on A375 human melanoma cancer cells. Methods For this purpose, the A375 human melanoma cancer cell lines were treated by MB-PDT and rutoside. Clonogenic cell survival, MTT assay, and cell death mechanisms were also determined after performing the treatment. Subsequently, after the rutoside treatment and photodynamic therapy (PDT), cell cycle and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were measured. Results The obtained results showed that, MB-PDT and rutoside had better cytotoxic and antiprolifrative effects on A375 melanoma cancer cells compared to each free drug, whereas the cytotoxic effect on HDF human dermal fibroblast cell was not significant. MB-PDT and rutoside combination induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the human melanoma cancer cell line. Intracellular ROS increased in A375 cancer cell line after the treatment with MB-PDT and rutoside. Conclusion The results suggest that, MB-PDT and rutoside could be considered as novel approaches as the combination treatment of melanoma cancer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Chamani
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Meenu M, Verma VK, Seth A, Sahoo RK, Gupta P, Arya DS. Association of Monoamine Oxidase A with Tumor Burden and Castration Resistance in Prostate Cancer. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2020; 93:100610. [PMID: 33245296 PMCID: PMC7674122 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic burden and aggressive behavior determine severity stratification and guide treatment decisions in prostate cancer (PCa). Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) may promote tumor burden and drug/castration resistance in PCa. A positive association will pave the way for MAOA inhibitors such as moclobemide for PCa therapy. OBJECTIVE To analyze MAOA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells qualitatively and p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, nuclear factor kappa B, and their phosphorylated forms, vascular endothelial growth factor (angiogenesis), transforming growth factor beta, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (cytokines), Bcl-2 associated X, B-cell lymphoma 2, and P53 (apoptosis), prostate-specific membrane antigen, and epithelial cell adhesion molecules (surface markers) in plasma of patients with PCa. METHODS This was a 1-year pilot study in which patients with PCa were recruited and stratified into 2 groups and subgroups: treatment-naive with (M1) (n = 23) or without (M0) (n = 23) bone metastasis; hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 26) or hormone/castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 26). MAOA was detected using ELISA and other proteins were detected using immunoblotting technique. RESULTS MAOA was detected in 8.6% of M0 compared with 30.4% of M1 patients, and in 7.7% of hormone-sensitive compared with 27% of hormone/castration resistant PCa patients, associating it with bone metastasis and castration resistance. Multivariable regression analysis showed a correlation of MAOA with serum prostate-specific antigen, a marker for progression in PCa (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.30; P < 0.01). In patients with positive MAOA, there was overexpression of p38, phosphorylated-p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinases, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B, transforming growth factor beta, vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, Bcl-2 associated X, B-cell lymphoma 2, prostate-specific membrane antigen, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule in M1 compared with M0 group patients, associating these proteins with tumor burden. Overexpression of Bcl-2 associated X, tumor protein 53, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, nuclear factor kappa B, transforming growth factor beta, vascular endothelial growth factor, and prostate-specific membrane antigen and underexpression of B-cell lymphoma 2 and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B were observed in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer compared with hormone/castration-resistant prostate cancer, associating these proteins with castration resistance. CONCLUSIONS Association of key molecules of oncogenesis and metastasis with MAOA suggests that MAOA inhibitors such as moclobemide might be effective in the management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Meenu
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amlesh Seth
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Medical Oncology, BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Zhang H, Zhang XY, Kang XN, Jin LJ, Wang ZY. LncRNA-SNHG7 Enhances Chemotherapy Resistance and Cell Viability of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-186. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10163-10172. [PMID: 33116871 PMCID: PMC7569248 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s270328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical tolerance to trastuzumab greatly affects the therapeutic effect in breast cancer (BC). Long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the development of trastuzumab resistance, in which SNHG7 can promote the epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of breast cancer cells into, while EMT is related to trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer cells. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether lncRNA-SNHG7 can enhance chemotherapy resistance and cell viability of BC cells by regulating miR-186. METHODS SK-BR-3 and SNHG7 of HER2+BC cells were induced to enhance the resistance of BC cells to trastuzumab by regulating miR-186, and to regulate the expression levels of SNHG7 and miR-186. The sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to trastuzumab and the changes of cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and EMT were measured and verified by tumorigenesis in vivo. The effects of miR-186 on SNHG7 were investigated through rescue experiments; the regulatory relationship between the expression of SNHG7 and miR-186 was verified by the double luciferase reporter (DLR) and the mechanism of SNHG7 was explored. RESULTS Down-regulation of SNHG7 or up-regulation of miR-186 could increase the sensitivity of BC cells to trastuzumab, inhibit the proliferation, migration and EMT, and promote apoptosis. Compared with the down-regulation of SNHG7 or miR-186 alone, simultaneous down-regulation of SNHG7 and miR-186 on drug-resistant cells brought notably lower sensitivity to trastuzumab and apoptosis rate, and higher proliferation and apoptosis ability. The DLR showed that miR-186 could specifically inhibit the expression of SNHG7. The results of tumorigenesis in vivo revealed that down-regulation of SNHG7 or up-regulation of miR-186 could improve the therapeutic effect of trastuzumab and reduce the tumor volume, and miR-186 could also antagonize the effect of SNHG7. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of SNHG7-targeted miR-186 can reverse trastuzumab resistance of BC cells, inhibit the proliferation, migration, and EMT levels of BC cells, and promote apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Kang
- Department of Ultrasound, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Jin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zun-Yi Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei061001, People’s Republic of China
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Liang Y, Shi J, He Q, Sun G, Gao L, Ye J, Tang X, Qu H. Hsa_circ_0026416 promotes proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer via miR-346/NFIB axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:494. [PMID: 33061846 PMCID: PMC7549246 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have been confirmed to be key regulators of many diseases. With many scholars devoted to studying the biological function and mechanism of circRNAs, their mysterious veil is gradually being revealed. In our research, we explored a new circRNA, hsa_circ_0026416, which was identified as upregulated in CRC with the largest fold change (logFC = 3.70) of the evaluated circRNAs via analysing expression profiling data by high throughput sequencing of members of the GEO dataset (GSE77661) to explore the molecular mechanisms of CRC. Methods qRT-PCR and western blot analysis were utilized to assess the expression of hsa_circ_0026416, miR-346 and Nuclear Factor I/B (NFIB). CCK-8 and transwell assays were utilized to examine cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, respectively. A luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the combination of hsa_circ_0026416, miR-346 and NFIB. A nude mouse xenograft model was also utilized to determine the role of hsa_circ_0026416 in CRC cell growth in vivo. Results Hsa_circ_0026416 was markedly upregulated in CRC patient tissues and plasma and was a poor prognosis in CRC patients. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) of hsa_circ_0026416 (0.767) was greater than the AUC of CEA (0.670), CA19-9 (0.592) and CA72-4 (0.575). Functionally, hsa_circ_0026416 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0026416 may function as a ceRNA via competitively absorbing miR-346 to upregulate the expression of NFIB. Conclusions In summary, our findings demonstrate that hsa_circ_0026416 is an oncogene in CRC. Hsa_circ_0026416 promotes the progression of CRC via the miR-346/NFIB axis and may represent a potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahang Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jingbo Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Qingsi He
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Guorui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jianhong Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Hui Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107, West of Wenhua Street, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012 China
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Diltiazem potentiates the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil in PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of P-glycoprotein. Life Sci 2020; 262:118518. [PMID: 33011221 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive tumors with dismal survival and a high death rate due to chemotherapeutic failure. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays a pivotal role in PC response to gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, is a P-gp inhibitor. In the current study, we investigated the hypothesis that targeting of P-gp by diltiazem can enhance the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine and 5-FU against human pancreatic cancer cells. MAIN METHODS The cytotoxic effect of diltiazem, gemcitabine, and 5-FU in single and combined forms against PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells were assayed by MTT. Flow cytometric analysis was used for the determination of cell cycle, apoptosis, and stemness markers in PC cells. Besides, immunoblotting was used for assessment of Bax, caspase 3, cyclin D1, and P-gp expressions. KEY FINDINGS Diltiazem co-treatment, either with gemcitabine or 5-FU, synergistically reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis, and caused cell cycle arrest. In addition, diltiazem co-treatment decreased the expressions of stem cell markers CD24 and CD44, increased the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase 3, enhanced DNA fragmentation, and attenuated cyclin D1 and P-gp expressions as compared to cells treated with either gemcitabine or 5-FU alone. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that diltiazem may be potential neoadjuvant therapy to enhance the response of PC to gemcitabine or 5-FU treatment.
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Liu X, Zhao W, Wang X. Inhibition of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 elevates microRNA-429 to suppress the progression of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma by reducing ZEB1. Life Sci 2020; 262:118480. [PMID: 32980391 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is a common type of malignant tumor. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to participate in HSCC development, while the role of lncRNA MALAT1 in HSCC remains largely unknown. We aimed to explore function of the lncRNA MALAT1/miR-429/ZEB1 axis in HSCC progression. METHODS Levels of MALAT1, miR-429 and ZEB1 in HSCC tissues samples were assessed. The FaDu cells were respectively treated with relative sequence or plasmid of MALAT1, miR-429, or ZEB1. Then, CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay were used to determine the cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion of the cells. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins, proliferation-related proteins, cell cycle-related proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, and migration-related proteins were detected using Western blot analysis. The cell growth in vivo was observed. The targeting relationships between MALAT1 and miR-429, and between miR-429 and ZEB1 were confirmed. RESULTS MALAT1 and ZEB1 expression in HSCC was upregulated while miR-429 expression was downregulated. Reduced MALAT1 and ZEB1, and upregulated miR-429 inactivated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, suppressed in vitro viability, colony formation ability, migration and invasion, as well as cell growth in vivo, and promoted the apoptosis of FaDu cells. Downregulated miR-429 reversed the role of MALAT1 inhibition in FaDu cell growth. LncRNA MALAT1 served as a sponge of miR-429, thus regulating ZEB1 expression. CONCLUSION Inhibition of MALAT1 was able to elevate miR-429 to suppress the progression of HSCC via reducing ZEB1. Our research provided a potential therapeutic target for HSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Weixia Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai 264200, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuehai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, PR China
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Yadav PK, Gupta SK, Kumar S, Ghosh M, Yadav BS, Kumar D, Kumar A, Saini M, Kataria M. MMP-7 derived peptides with MHC class-I binding motifs from canine mammary tumor tissue elicit strong antigen-specific T-cell responses in BALB/c mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:311-320. [PMID: 32970284 PMCID: PMC7511522 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)-induced altered proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteins and basement membrane holds the key for tumor progression and metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases-7 (Matrilysin), the smallest member of the MMP family also performs quite alike; thus serves as a potential candidate for anti-tumor immunotherapy. Conversely, being an endogenous tumor-associated antigen (TAA), targeting MMP-7 for immunization is challenging. But MMP-7-based xenovaccine can surmount the obstacle of poor immunogenicity and immunological tolerance, often encountered in TAA-based conventional vaccine for anti-tumor immunotherapy. This paves the way for investigating the potential of MMP-7-derived major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-binding peptides to elicit precise epitope-specific T-cell responses towards their possible inclusion in anti-tumor vaccine formulations. Perhaps it also ushers the path of achieving multiple epitope-based broad and universal cellular immunity. In current experiment, an immunoinformatics approach has been employed to identify the putative canine matrix matelloproteinases-7 (cMMP-7)-derived peptides with MHC class-I-binding motifs which can elicit potent antigen-specific immune responses in BALB/c mice. Immunization with the cMMP-7 DNA vaccine induced a strong CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and Th1- type response, with high level of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production in BALB/c mice. The two identified putative MHC-I-binding nonameric peptides (Peptide32-40 and Peptide175-183) from cMMP-7 induced significant lymphocyte proliferation along with the production of IFN-γ from CD8+ T-cells in mice immunized with cMMP-7 DNA vaccine. The current observation has depicted the immunogenic potential of the two cMMP-7-derived nonapeptides for their possible exploitation in xenovaccine-mediated anti-tumor immunotherapy in mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar Yadav
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, 231001, India.
| | - Shishir Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
- Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Saroj Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, 231001, India
| | - Mayukh Ghosh
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, 231001, India
| | - Brijesh Singh Yadav
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
- University of Information Science & Technology St. Paul the apostle Partizanska bb., 6000, Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
- College of Agriculture, Tikamgarh, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidylaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482004, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Mohini Saini
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Meena Kataria
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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