A54T polymorphism in the fatty acid binding protein 2 studies in a Saudi population with type 2 diabetes mellitus

[Ala54Thr polymorphism of the fatty acid transporter gene (FABP2) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yakutia]

AIM

To study the contribution of the Ala54Thr genetic polymorphism of the FABP2 gene to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus among the Yakut population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study included participants who filled out a questionnaire approved by the Local Committee on Biomedical Ethics at the Yakut Science Centre of complex medical problems and voluntarily signed an informed consent to conduct a genetic study. The sample consisted of 181 patients of the endocrinological department of the Republican Hospital No. 2 of the State Budgetary Institution "Center for Emergency Medical Care" with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. The comparison group was a sample of 336 volunteers without chronic diseases of the Yakut ethnicity. For molecular genetic analysis, genomic DNA samples were isolated from whole blood. Single nucleotide polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism.

RESULTS

Study showed that polymorphism in the FABP2 gene has an impact on anthropometric parameters and blood biochemical parameters. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes was 1.7 times higher in carriers of the Ala/Thr genotype (odds ratio 1.755, 95% confidence interval - 1.212-2.542; p<0.005) compared with carriers of other genotypes. When comparing the average biochemical values, the levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, glucose and total bilirubin in homozygous carriers of the Ala/Ala genotype were significantly lower than in carriers of other genotypes (р<0.05). Carriers of the heterozygous Ala/Thr genotype (р<0.05) had the highest level in terms of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. The highest indicator of the average level of HbA1c and an indicator of total bilirubin were carriers of the Thr/Thr genotype (р<0.05).

CONCLUSION

The high prevalence of the negative Thr allele among the Yakut population is probably associated with living conditions in the North, as well as in the traditional type of diet.

Association between the FABP2 Ala54Thr and CRP+1059C/G polymorphisms and small dense LDL level in patients with atherosclerosis: a case-control study

BACKGROUND

The polymorphisms of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) and C-reactive protein (CRP) might act as genetic risk factors for atherosclerosis. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between FABP2 Ala54Thr and CRP+1059C/G polymorphisms and atherosclerosis as well as the association of Small dense-LDL (sd-LDL).

METHODS

A total of 255 subjects (125 controls and 130 patients) were included. The FABP2 and CRP polymorphisms were determined by PCR-RFLP and AS-PCR methods, respectively. Sd-LDL was measured based on Hirano et al method.

RESULTS

There were no significant distinctions between the patient and control groups concerning FABP2 and CRP polymorphisms (p > .05). No significant relationship was observed between studied polymorphisms and sd-LDL level in the patient group (p > .05). However, patients group had higher level of sd-LDL compared to controls (p < .05).

CONCLUSION

FABP2 Ala54Thr and CRP+1059G/C polymorphisms were not associated with atherosclerosis and sd-LDL level. However, the increased sd-LDL level was known as a risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Distinct Alteration of Gene Expression Programs in the Small Intestine of Male and Female Mice in Response to Ablation of Intestinal Fabp Genes

Fatty acid-binding proteins (Fabps) make up a family of widely distributed cytoplasmic lipid-binding proteins. The small intestine contains three predominant Fabp species, Fabp1, Fabp2, and Fabp6. Our previous studies showed that Fabp2 and Fabp6 gene-disrupted mice exhibited sexually dimorphic phenotypes. In this study, we carried out a systematic comparative analysis of the small intestinal transcriptomes of 10 week-old wild-type (WT) and Fabp gene-disrupted male and female mice. We found that the small intestinal transcriptome of male and female mice showed key differences in the gene expression profiles that affect major biological processes. The deletion of specific Fabp genes induced unique and sex-specific changes in the gene expression program, although some differentially expressed genes in certain genotypes were common to both sexes. Functional annotation and interaction network analyses revealed that the number and type of affected pathways, as well as the sets of interacting nodes in each of the Fabp genotypes, are partitioned by sex. To our knowledge, this is the first time that sex differences were identified and categorized at the transcriptome level in mice lacking different intestinal Fabps. The distinctive transcriptome profiles of WT male and female small intestine may predetermine the nature of transcriptional reprogramming that manifests as sexually dimorphic responses to the ablation of intestinal Fabp genes.

Alternating consumption of β-glucan and quercetin reduces mortality in mice with colorectal cancer

The current dietary recommendations for disease prevention and management are scarce and are not well supported. Beta-glucan or quercetin in a diet can alleviate colorectal cancer (CRC) by regulating the gut microbiota and related genes, but the effects of alternating their consumption for routine ingestion during CRC occurrence remain unknown. This study investigated the effects of alternating the consumption of β-glucan and quercetin for routine ingestion on CRC development in mice. The mortality rate, colonic length, inflammatory cytokines, gut microbiota, and colonic epithelial gene expression in healthy and CRC mice that consumed normal and alternate diets were compared and studied. The results showed that alternating the consumption of β-glucan and quercetin (alternating among a β-glucan diet, a normal diet and a normal diet that was supplemented with quercetin) alleviated colon damage and reduced the mortality rate in CRC mice, with a reduction in mortality of 12.5%. Alternating the consumption of β-glucan and quercetin significantly decreased the TNF-α level, increased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, and downregulated three genes (Hmgcs2, Fabp2, and Gpt) that are associated with inflammation and cancer. Alternating the consumption of some bioactive compounds, such as β-glucan and quercetin, in food can contribute to human health. This experiment provided some experimental evidence for the dietary recommendations for disease prevention and management.

Analysis of hepatic transcriptome demonstrates altered lipid metabolism following Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 prevention in chickens with subclinical necrotic enteritis

Background

Subclinical necrotic enteritis (SNE) widely outbreaks in chickens which inflicted growth-slowing, causing enormous social and economic burdens. To better understand the molecular underpinnings of SNE on lipid metabolism and explore novel preventative strategies against SNE, we studied the regulatory mechanism of a potential probiotic, Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 on the lipid metabolism pathways involved in chickens with SNE.

Methods

One hundred eighty one-day-old chickens were randomly divided into three groups and arranged with basal diet (control and SNE group). Added with BS15 (1 × 10⁶ cfu/g) or Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) liquid medium for 28 days. The hepatic gene expression of each group was then measured using high-throughput analysis methods (RNA-Seq). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression changes of the related genes.

Results

The results showed that there are eleven lipid metabolic pathways were found during the prevention of BS15 treatment in SNE chickens by RNA-Seq, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism. BS15 notably facilitated the expressions of fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 1 (ACSBG1), perilipin 1 (PLIN1) and perilipin 2 (PLIN2), which were involved in PPAR signaling pathway of SNE chickens. Besides, suppression of phospholipase A2 group IVA (PLA2G4A) in arachidonic acid metabolism was observed in SNE chickens after BS15 prevention. The expression patterns of FABP2, ACSBG1, PLIN1, PLIN2 and PLA24G in qRT-PCR validation were consistent with RNA-Seq results.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that SNE may affect the hepatic lipid metabolism of chickens. Meanwhile, BS15 pretreatment may provide a prospective natural prophylaxis strategy against SNE through improving the PPAR signaling pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-018-0741-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Intestinal fatty acid binding protein Ala54Thr polymorphism is associated with peripheral atherosclerosis combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND

Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) is expressed in enterocytes and binds saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids. The FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism has been reported to effect lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between this polymorphism and peripheral atherosclerosis combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in an Egyptian population.

METHODS

The study was performed on 100 T2DM patients with peripheral atherosclerosis and 100 control subjects. The Ala54Thr polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, whereas serum FABP2 levels were determined using ELISA. Fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin concentrations, HbA1c, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) were determined.

RESULTS

There was a higher frequency of the Thr54 allele among the patient group (P = 0.002). In Ala54/Thr54 heterozygotes and carriers of the rare Thr54/Thr54 genotype, there were significant increases in BMI and FABP2. Those with the Thr54/Thr54 genotype had significantly decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations; in addition, those with the Thr54/Thr54 genotype had significantly higher SBP and DBP than subjects with the Ala54/Ala54 and Ala54/Thr54 genotypes. There was a positive correlation between FABP2 levels and BMI, SBP and DBP, and a negative correlation with HDL-C.

CONCLUSIONS

The Thr54 allele of the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism was associated with an increased incidence of peripheral atherosclerosis combined with T2DM in the population studied.

Association between ACE (rs4646994), FABP2 (rs1799883), MTHFR (rs1801133), FTO (rs9939609) Genes Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes with Dyslipidemia

Diabetic dyslipidemia is one of the leading causes of coronary artery disease (CAD) death. Genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dyslipidemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the association of ACE (rs4646994), FABP2 (rs1799883), MTHFR (rs1801133) and FTO (rs9939609) genes polymorphism in T2DM with dyslipidemia. Totally, 559 subjects including 221 T2DM cases with dyslipidemia, 158 T2DM without dyslipidemia and 180 controls were enrolled. ACE genes polymorphism was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while MTHFR, FABP2, FTO genes polymorphisms were evaluated by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Significant association of ACE and MTHFR genes polymorphisms were found in both group of cases [T2DM with dyslipidemia (P<0.001, and P=0.008, respectively) and T2DM without dyslipidemia (P=0.003, and P=0.010, respectively)] while FABP2 and FTO genes polymorphisms were significantly associated with T2DM without dyslipidemia (P=0.038, and P= 0.019, respectively). This study concludes that ACE, FABP2, FTO and MTHFR genes are associated with T2DM. Additionally, it also seems that ACE and MTHFR genes might be further associated with the development of dyslipidemia in T2DM cases.

Proteomic Analysis of the Effect of DHA-Phospholipids from Large Yellow Croaker Roe on Hyperlipidemic Mice

Previously, we found that phospholipids derived from large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) roe had a higher level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA-PL), which had beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. However, the mechanism by which DHA-PL from P. crocea roe exerts these effects has not yet been illuminated. Herein, we investigated the underlying molecular action of DHA-PL by examining changes in liver protein expression in control, hyperlipidemic, and DHA-PL-treated mice. A total of 16 proteins, 9 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated, were identified and classified into several metabolic pathways, such as fat digestion and absorption, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, and antigen processing and presentation; the largest functional class found was that of fat digestion and absorption. We revealed Apoa1 to be a biomarker of DHA-PL effects on hyperlipidemic mice by DHA-PL diet. These results not only improve our current understanding of hyperlipidemic regulation by DHA-PL, but also suggest that DHA-PL should be applied as a beneficial food additive.

Correlation between KCNQ1 and KCNJ11 gene polymorphisms and type 2 and post-transplant diabetes mellitus in the Asian Indian population

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) share a common pathophysiology. However, diabetes mellitus is a complex disease, and T2DM and PTDM have different etiologies. T2DM is a metabolic disorder, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, whereas PTDM is a condition of abnormal glucose tolerance, with variable onset after organ transplant. The KCNQ1 and KCNJ11 gene encode potassium channels, which mediate insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, and KCN gene mutations are correlated with the development of diabetes. However, no studies have been carried out to establish an association between KCNQ1 and KCNJ11 gene polymorphisms and T2DM and PTDM. Therefore, our study was aimed at the identification of the role of KCNQ1 and KCNJ11 gene polymorphisms associated with T2DM and the risk of developing PTDM in the Asian Indian population. We have carried out a case-control study including 250 patients with T2DM, 250 control subjects, 42 patients with PTDM and 98 subjects with non-PTDM. PCR-RFLP analysis was carried out following the isolation of genomic DNA from EDTA-blood samples. The results of the present study reveal that two single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2283228 and rs5210, of the KCNQ1 and KCNJ11 genes, respectively) are associated with both T2DM and PTDM. The results of our study suggest a role of KCNQ1 and KCNJ11 gene variants in the increased risk of T2DM and PTDM in the Asian Indian population.

The association between the FABP2 Ala54Thr variant and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis based on 11 case-control studies

Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) Ala54Thr gene polymorphism has been suggested to be associated with the increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but some studies show the inconsistent result. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to assess the association between FABP2 Ala54Thr gene polymorphism variants and the T2DM. A total of 7095 subjects in 11 case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. Under the allele model (T versus A), the pooled OR of Asian subgroup was 1.19 (95% CI = 1.06-1.32, P = 0.002). Under the recessive model (TT versus AA + AT), the pooled OR of Asian subgroup was 1.34 (95% CI = 1.05-1.71, P = 0.02). Under the dominant model (TT + AT versus AA), the pooled OR was 1.14 (95% CI = 1.03-1.27, P = 0.01) and when the analysis stratified by region, increased risks were identified among Asian (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.05-1.38, P = 0.009). Under the codominant model (TT versus AA), no significant association was found. Under the codominant model (AT versus AA), the pooled OR was 1.14 (95% CI = 1.02-1.27, P = 0.02). It is indicated that the variant T allele carrier may increased the risk of T2DM and the risk is related to race.

Influence of adiposity-related genetic markers in a population of saudi arabians where other variables influencing obesity may be reduced

Large scale studies in Europeans have clearly identified common polymorphism affecting BMI and obesity. We undertook a genotype study to examine the impact of variants, known to influence obesity, in a sample from the Saudi Arabian population, notable for its profound combination of low mean physical activity indices and high energy intake. Anthropometry measures and genotypes were obtained for 367 Saudis, taken from King Saud University and Biomarker Screening Project in Riyadh (Riyadh Cohort). We observed large effect sizes with obesity for rs10767664 (BDNF) (OR = 1.923, P = 0.00072) and rs3751812 (FTO) (OR = 1.523, P = 0.016) in our sample and, using weighted genetic risk scores, we found strong evidence of a cumulative effect using 11 SNPs taken predominantly from loci principally affecting appetite (OR = 2.57, P = 0.00092). We used conditional analyses to discern which of our three highly correlated FTO SNPs were responsible for the observed signal, although we were unable to determine with confidence which best marked the causal site. Our analysis indicates that markers located in loci known to influence fat mass through increased appetite affect obesity in Saudi Arabians to an extent possibly greater than in Europeans. Larger scale studies will be necessary to obtain a precise comparison.

Association between FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk: a HuGE Review and Meta-Analysis

Many studies have examined the association between the FABP2 (rs1799883) Ala54Thr gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk (T2DM) in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, A HuGE review and meta-analysis were performed. The PubMed and CNKI database was searched for case-control studies published up to April 2014. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Ultimately, 13 studies, comprising 2020 T2DM cases and 2910 controls were included. Overall, for the Thr carriers (Ala/Thr and Thr/Thr) versus the wild-type homozygotes (Ala/Ala), the pooled OR was 1.18 (95% CI = 1.04–1.34, P = 0.062 for heterogeneity), for Thr/Thr versus Ala/Ala the pooled OR was 1.17 (95% CI = 1.05–1.41 P = 0.087 for heterogeneity). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the significantly risks were found among Asians but not Caucasians. This meta-analysis suggests that the FABP2 (rs1799883) Ala54Thr polymorphisms are associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM risk among Asians but not Caucasians.

Polymorphism Ala54Thr of fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene is not associated with stroke risk in Han population of Hunan China

Background

It is still unclear which genetic factors have a role in stroke. Studies have found that Ala54Thr of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 2 (FABP2) was associated with stroke risk. This study aimed to determine whether polymorphism Ala54Thr of FABP2 is associated with stroke risk in the Hunan Han population of China.

Material/Methods

A total of 206 cerebral infarction (CI) patients, 185 cerebral hemorrhage (CH) patients, and 172 controls were enrolled in this study. Ala54Thr genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

Results

No significant difference was observed in genotypic distribution of FABP2 Ala54Thr between the stroke group (CI subgroup, CH subgroup included) and control group. In the stroke group, plasma triglycerides (TG) levels of subjects who carried Ala/Thr, Thr/Thr were significantly higher than those carrying Ala/Ala. In the control group, blood lipids were not significantly different among 3 genotypes of Ala54Thr. There was no significant difference in blood pressure and fasting blood sugar between the stroke group and controls.

Conclusions

Our study showed that Ala54Thr of FABP2 may be not associated with stroke risk but may be associated with plasma TG level of stroke patients from a Hunan Han population of China.