1
|
Paraš S, Paspalj J, Baghdad K, Janković O, Škrbić R, Gajanin R, Massiani P, Launay F, Gotovac Atlagić S. Biocompatibility of nano/micro-sized pyrophyllite particles by pulmo, liver, kidney and gastric mucosis cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:30. [PMID: 38884813 PMCID: PMC11182872 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Pyrophyllite is the least studied natural clay in terms of its potential in biomedical applications, although there are many deposits of this aluminosilicate around the world. Genotoxicity study was performed in vitro for this mineral. Subsequently, Wister rats were exposed to the pyrophyllite micronized to below 100 µm. After the exposure period, histology of the lung, liver, kidney and gastric tissues were performed, followed by the stereological and hematological analysis. The physicochemical analyses revealed typical XRD characteristics of pyrophyllite clay with particle-size distribution ranging 50 nm-100 μm with stable mineral composition and unique buffering property to pH around 8. The results showed that there were no cytotoxic effects on to THP-1 cells, or genotoxicity of pyrophyllite measured by the Comet assay. In vivo studies are accompanied by the thorough physicochemical characterization of the micronized pyrophyllite. Histology of the lung tissue proved presence of an inflammatory reaction. On the other hand, gastric tissue has shown the selective accumulation of nanoparticles in enterocytes of the stomach only, as supported by ultrastructural analysis. Liver and kidney tissues have shown tolerability for pyrophyllite particles. The results give directions for further comprehensive studies of potential biomedical applications of the pyrophyllite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smiljana Paraš
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jovana Paspalj
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Karima Baghdad
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS - UMR 7197 CNRS), 4 place Jussieu, 72252, Paris Cédex 05, France
- University of Oran 1-Ahmed Ben Bella, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, Materials chemistry laboratory-LCM, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 1524, Oran, 31005, Algeria
| | - Ognjenka Janković
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ranko Škrbić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Radoslav Gajanin
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Pascale Massiani
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS - UMR 7197 CNRS), 4 place Jussieu, 72252, Paris Cédex 05, France
| | - Franck Launay
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS - UMR 7197 CNRS), 4 place Jussieu, 72252, Paris Cédex 05, France
| | - Suzana Gotovac Atlagić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aghamohammadi D, Dolatkhah N, Bakhtiari F, Eslamian F, Hashemian M. Nutraceutical supplements in management of pain and disability in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20892. [PMID: 33262447 PMCID: PMC7708648 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study designed to evaluate the effect of nutraceutical supplementation on pain intensity and physical function in patients with knee/hip OA. The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Science direct, and ProQuest in addition to SID, Magiran, and Iranmedex were searched up to March 2020. Records (n = 465) were screened via the PICOS criteria: participants were patients with hip or knee OA; intervention was different nutritional supplements; comparator was any comparator; the outcome was pain intensity (Visual analogue scale [VAS]) and physical function (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis [WOMAC] index); study type was randomized controlled trials. The random effects model was used to pool the calculated effect sizes. The standardized mean difference (SMD) of the outcome changes was considered as the effect size. The random effects model was used to combine the effect sizes. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by Cochran's (Q) and I2 statistics. A total of 42 RCTs were involved in the meta-analysis. Nutritional supplementation were found to improve total WOMAC index (SMD = - 0.23, 95% CI - 0.37 to - 0.08), WOMAC pain (SMD = - 0.36, 95% CI - 0.62 to - 0.10) and WOMAC stiffness (SMD = - 0.47, 95% CI - 0.71 to - 0.23) subscales and VAS (SMD = - 0.79, 95% CI - 1.05 to - 0.05). Results of subgroup analysis according to the supplementation duration showed that the pooled effect size in studies with < 10 months, 10-20 months and > 20 months supplementation duration were 0.05, 0.27, and 0.36, respectively for WOMAC total score, 0.14, 0.55 and 0.05, respectively for WOAMC pain subscale, 0.59, 0.47 and 0.41, respectively for WOMAC stiffness subscale, 0.05, 0.57 and 0.53, respectively for WOMAC physical function subscale and 0.65, 0.99 and 0.12, respectively for VAS pain. The result suggested that nutraceutical supplementation of patients with knee/hip OA may lead to an improvement in pain intensity and physical function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawood Aghamohammadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Dolatkhah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Emam Reza Hospital, Golgasht, Azadi Ave., Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fahimeh Bakhtiari
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Emam Reza Hospital, Golgasht, Azadi Ave., Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Eslamian
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Emam Reza Hospital, Golgasht, Azadi Ave., Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemian
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Utica College, Utica, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
In-vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability of heavy metals in mineral clay complex used in natural health products. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8823. [PMID: 32483124 PMCID: PMC7264141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial mineral clays that claim to have healing properties are also known to contain trace amounts of heavy metals, albeit the risk of consuming many of them is not entirely known. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) in mineral clay samples collected from the Sierra Mountains (USA) using the Unified Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe (UBM) method and the Caco-2 permeability assay, respectively. After UMB-gastric (UBM-G) digestion, As and Pb bioaccessibility were lower compared to Cd and decreased further in the UMB-gastrointestinal (UBM-GI) assay. Bioavailability estimates using the Caco-2 cell showed very low to non-detectable permeability for all 3 heavy metals. Thus, while initial heavy metal ranged from 3.8–17 ppm, 0.024–0.061ppm, and 5.8–20 ppm for As, Cd, and Pb, respectively, the bioavailability for these metals was reduced to very low levels that followed: non-detectable values of As, <0.007ppm of Cd, and <0.1ppm of Pb. Using UBM-digestion to mimic bioaccessibility, followed by Caco-2 cell bioavailability enabled us to conclude that in vitro assessment of heavy metal exposure associated with mineral clay-based natural health products does not pose a potential hazard to consumers.
Collapse
|
4
|
Oliveira CR, Vieira RP. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Miodesin™: Modulation of Inflammatory Markers and Epigenetic Evidence. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6874260. [PMID: 32509149 PMCID: PMC7246419 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6874260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of a combined herbal medicine Miodesin™ on the inflammatory response of key cells involved in the acute and chronic inflammatory processes as well as the possible epigenetic involvement. METHODS After the establishment of the IC50 dose, the chondrocyte, keratinocyte, and macrophage cell lines were pretreated for 2 hours with Miodesin™ (200 μg/mL) and stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours. The supernatant was used to measure the levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5), and the cells were used to extract the mRNA for the transcription factor (NF-κβ), inflammatory enzymes (COX-1, COX-2, PLA2, and iNOS), and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5). RESULTS Miodesin™ inhibited the release of LPS-induced cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α; p < 0.01) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5; p < 0.01) and the expression of the transcription factor (NF-κβ; p < 0.01), inflammatory enzymes (COX-1, COX-2, PLA2, iNOS; p < 0.01), and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5; p < 0.01). In addition, the evaluation of epigenetic mechanism revealed that Miodesin™ did not induce changes in DNA methylation, assuring the genetic safeness of the compound in terms of the inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS Miodesin™ presents anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting hyperactivation of chondrocytes, keratinocytes, and macrophages, involving epigenetics in such effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rocha Oliveira
- Anhembi Morumbi University, School of Medicine, Avenida Deputado Benedito Matarazzo 6070, Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil 12230-002
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Anhembi Morumbi University, School of Medicine, Avenida Deputado Benedito Matarazzo 6070, Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil 12230-002
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-Graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos-SP, Brazil 11060-001
- Universidade Brasil, Post-Graduation Program in Bioengineering and in Biomedical Engineering, Rua Carolina Fonseca 235, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil 08230-030
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil 12245-520
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Grover AK, Samson SE. Benefits of antioxidant supplements for knee osteoarthritis: rationale and reality. Nutr J 2016; 15:1. [PMID: 26728196 PMCID: PMC4700773 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthritis causes disability due to pain and inflammation in joints. There are many forms of arthritis, one of which is osteoarthritis whose prevalence increases with age. It occurs in various joints including hip, knee and hand with knee osteoarthritis being more prevalent. There is no cure for it. The management strategies include exercise, glucosamine plus chondroitin sulfate and NSAIDs. In vitro and animal studies provide a rationale for the use of antioxidant supplements for its management. This review assesses the reality of the benefits of antioxidant supplements in the management of knee osteoarthritis. Several difficulties were encountered in examining this issue: poorly conducted studies, a lack of uniformity in disease definition and diagnosis, and muddling of conclusions from attempts to isolate the efficacious molecules. The antioxidant supplements with most evidence for benefit for pain relief and function in knee osteoarthritis were based on curcumin and avocado-soya bean unsaponifiables. Boswellia and some herbs used in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine may also be useful. The benefits of cuisines with the appropriate antioxidants should be assessed because they may be more economical and easier to incorporate into the lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Grover
- Department of Medicine, HSC 4N41, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W., Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Sue E Samson
- Department of Medicine, HSC 4N41, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W., Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful and life-altering disease that severely limits the daily activity of millions of Americans, and is one of the most common causes of disability in the world. With obesity on the rise and the world's population living longer, the prevalence of OA is expected to increase dramatically in the coming decades, generating burdensome socioeconomic costs. This review summarizes current pharmaceutical, non-pharmaceutical, and prospective new treatments for OA, with primary focus on the dietary supplement Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables (ASU). ASU modulates OA pathogenesis by inhibiting a number of molecules and pathways implicated in OA. Anticatabolic properties prevent cartilage degradation by inhibiting the release and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2,3,13) and increasing tissue inhibitors of these catabolic enzymes (TIMP-1). ASU also inhibits fibrinolysis by stimulating the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1). Anabolic properties promote cartilage repair by stimulating collagen and aggrecan synthesis via inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL1, IL6, IL8, TNF, ERK, and PGE2. Chondroprotective effects are mediated by correcting growth factor abnormalities, increasing TGFβ while decreasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in synovial fluid. ASU also inhibits cholesterol absorption and endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis, which mediate reactive oxygen species pathology in chondrocytes. At the clinical level, ASU reduces pain and stiffness while improving joint function, resulting in decreased dependence on analgesics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blaine A. Christiansen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, University of California-Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khan H, Khan MA, Gul F, Hussain S, Ashraf N. Anti-inflammatory activity of Heliotropium strigosum in animal models. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:1281-7. [PMID: 23823617 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713491813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current project was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of crude extract of Heliotropium strigosum and its subsequent solvent fractions in post carrageenan-induced edema and post xylene-induced ear edema at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally. The results revealed marked attenuation of edema induced by carrageenan injection in a dose-dependent manner. The ethyl acetate fraction was most dominant with 73.33% inhibition followed by hexane fraction (70.66%). When the extracts were challenged against xylene-induced ear edema, again ethyl acetate and hexane fractions were most impressive with 38.21 and 35.77% inhibition, respectively. It is concluded that various extracts of H. strigosum possessed strong anti-inflammatory activity in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Gandhara College of Pharmacy, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Murad Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Farah Gul
- PCSIR Laboratories, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sajjid Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Ashraf
- International Center for Chemical Sciences, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Akhtar N, Haqqi TM. Current nutraceuticals in the management of osteoarthritis: a review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2012; 4:181-207. [PMID: 22850529 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x11436238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative joint disease that has a major impact on joint function and quality of life. Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements derived from herbs have long been used in traditional medicine and there is considerable evidence that nutraceuticals may play an important role in inflammation and joint destruction in OA. We review the biological effects of some medicinal fruits and herbs - pomegranate, green tea, cat's claw, devil's claw, ginger, Indian olibaum, turmeric and ananas - in an attempt to understand the pivotal molecular targets involved in inflammation and the joint destruction process and to summarize their toxicities and efficacy for OA management. So far there is insufficient reliable evidence on the effectiveness of ginger, turmeric and ananas. Pomegranate and green tea only have preclinical evidence of efficacy due to the lack of clinical data. In vivo and clinical studies are required to understand their targets and efficacy in OA. Limited in vitro and in vivo evidence is available for cat's claw and Indian olibaum. More extensive studies are required before long-term controlled trials of whole cat's claw and Indian olibaum extracts, or isolated active compounds, are carried out in patients with OA to determine their long-term efficacy and safety. Devil's claw has not been rigorously tested to determine its antiarthritic potential in in vitro and in vivo models. There is strong clinical evidence of the effectiveness of devil's claw in pain reduction. However, high-quality clinical trials are needed to determine its effectiveness. No serious side effects have been reported for any fruits and herbs. Overall, these studies identify and support the use of nutraceuticals to provide symptomatic relief to patients with OA and to be used as adjunct therapy for OA management. More high-quality trials are needed to provide definitive answers to questions related to their efficacy and safety for OA prevention and/or treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Akhtar
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zahmatkash M, Vafaeenasab MR. Comparing analgesic effects of a topical herbal mixed medicine with salicylate in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Pak J Biol Sci 2011; 14:715-719. [PMID: 22308653 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.715.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is the most common cause of disability among people and it is a common disease of joints that can lead to cartilage damage. In this study the analgesic effects of a herbal ointment containing cinnamon, ginger, mastic (Saghez) and sesame oil is compared with Salicylate ointment in patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis. It was a double-blind randomized controlled trail study. Patients with diagnosed arthritis were involved in the study and they were divided in two groups via block randomization method. For six weeks, twice a day, intervention group applied herbal ointment and control group used Salicylate ointment. The severity of pain, morning stiffness and limited motion were measured using Visual Analog Pain Scale. In order to analyze the trends of these three indexes, repeated measurement test was used. Ninety two participates with the mean age of 52.2 (+/- 12.4) years and with the mean disease period of 30.45 (+/- 30.3) months were involved in the study. There was no significant difference between two groups regarding the distribution of sex, weight, height, BMI and the duration of illness. No statistical difference was observed between two groups regarding pain relief, morning stiffness and limited motion; nevertheless in repeated measurements during second, forth and sixth weeks in both groups the decreasing trend of these three indexes had been statistically significant (p < 0.0001). It seems that using this herbal combination is clinically effective for patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis in order to decrease their pain, morning stiffness and limited motion; its effect is comparable with Salicylate ointment.
Collapse
|
10
|
de Morais Lima GR, de Albuquerque Montenegro C, de Almeida CLF, de Athayde-Filho PF, Barbosa-Filho JM, Batista LM. Database survey of anti-inflammatory plants in South America: a review. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:2692-749. [PMID: 21731467 PMCID: PMC3127143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12042692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex event linked to tissue damage whether by bacteria, physical trauma, chemical, heat or any other phenomenon. This physiological response is coordinated largely by a variety of chemical mediators that are released from the epithelium, the immunocytes and nerves of the lamina propria. However, if the factor that triggers the inflammation persists, the inflammation can become relentless, leading to an intensification of the lesion. The present work is a literature survey of plant extracts from the South American continent that have been reported to show anti-inflammatory activity. This review refers to 63 bacterial families of which the following stood out: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae and Celastraceae, with their countries, parts used, types of extract used, model bioassays, organisms tested and their activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gedson Rodrigues de Morais Lima
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; E-Mails: (G.R.M.L.); (C.A.M.); (C.L.F.A.); (P.F.A.-F.); (J.M.B.-F.)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kikuchi M, Matsuura K, Matsumoto Y, Inagaki T, Ueda R. Bibliographical investigation of complementary alternative medicines for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2009; 9:29-40. [PMID: 19260977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2008.00503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments are provided to the elderly. We investigated the efficacy and safety of CAM substances that are available to patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), both in Japan and overseas. METHODS Information on CAM products was collected from the World Wide Web, using the keywords "arthritis" and "supplement" in five languages (Japanese, English, French, Italian and German) using a popular search engine for each of the languages. References to published work on the products were researched using PubMed with the keywords of "arthritis", "anti-inflammatory" and "analgesics". Such published work was classified according to the evidence levels established by the Cochrane Library. RESULTS Two-hundred and sixty CAM products for OA or RA were available in Japan, of which 41 CAM products had been tested in randomized controlled trials (RCT); there was no scientific evidence for the remaining 219 CAM products. Most of the previous RCT suggested that CAM was effective in OA or RA. Herein, we confirmed the significant OA relieving effects of chondroitin sulfate through a meta-analysis. Effectiveness was assessed using subjective scores, not disease-specific immunological or serological markers for assessment. Toxicological investigations had only been performed for a few CAM products. CONCLUSION Some CAM products that are effective against RA may be used together with biological therapy. However, some of the CAM products available in Japan should be tested using objective markers. Some CAM products for OA could be used for the relief of pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motoo Kikuchi
- Department of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Nanakuri Sanatorium, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Frestedt JL, Walsh M, Kuskowski MA, Zenk JL. A natural mineral supplement provides relief from knee osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Nutr J 2008; 7:9. [PMID: 18279523 PMCID: PMC2265739 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-7-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Accepted: 02/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This small, pilot study evaluated the impact of treatment with a natural multi-mineral supplement from seaweed (Aquamin) on walking distance, pain and joint mobility in subjects with moderate to severe osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods Subjects (n = 70) with moderate to severe osteoarthritis of the knee were randomized to four double-blinded treatments for 12 weeks: (a) Glucosamine sulfate (1500 mg/d); (b) Aquamin (2400 mg/d); (c) Combined treatment composed of Glucosamine sulfate (1500 mg/d) plus Aquamin (2400 mg/d) and (d) Placebo. Primary outcome measures were WOMAC scores and 6 Minute Walking Distances (6 MWD). Laboratory based blood tests were used as safety measures. Results Fifty subjects completed the study and analysis of the data showed significant differences between the groups for changes in WOMAC pain scores over time (p = 0.009 ANCOVA); however, these data must be reviewed with caution since significant differences were found between the groups at baseline for WOMAC pain and stiffness scores (p = 0.0039 and p = 0.013, respectively, ANOVA). Only the Aquamin and Glucosamine groups demonstrated significant improvements in symptoms over the course of the study. The combination group (like the placebo group) did not show any significant improvements in OA symptoms in this trial. Within group analysis demonstrated significant improvements over time on treatment for the WOMAC pain, activity, composite and stiffness (Aquamin only) scores as well as the 6 minute walking distances for subjects in the Aquamin and Glucosamine treatment groups. The Aquamin and Glucosamine groups walked 101 feet (+7%) and 56 feet (+3.5%) extra respectively. All treatments were well tolerated and the adverse events profiles were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusion This small preliminary study suggested that a multi mineral supplement (Aquamin) may reduce the pain and stiffness of osteoarthritis of the knee over 12 weeks of treatment and warrants further study. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00452101.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joy L Frestedt
- Clinical Affairs Department, Minnesota Applied Research Center, Edina, Minneapolis, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Comparison of glucosamine sulfate and a polyherbal supplement for the relief of osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN25438351]. Altern Ther Health Med 2007; 7:34. [PMID: 17974032 PMCID: PMC2131759 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-7-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The efficacy and safety of a dietary supplement derived from South American botanicals was compared to glucosamine sulfate in osteoarthritis subjects in a Mumbai-based multi-center, randomized, double-blind study. Methods Subjects (n = 95) were screened and randomized to receive glucosamine sulfate (n = 47, 1500 mg/day) or reparagen (n = 48, 1800 mg/day), a polyherbal consisting of 300 mg of vincaria (Uncaria guianensis) and 1500 mg of RNI 249 (Lepidium meyenii) administered orally, twice daily. Primary efficacy variable was response rate based on a 20% improvement in WOMAC pain scores. Additional outcomes were WOMAC scores for pain, stiffness and function, visual analog score (VAS) for pain, with assessments at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Tolerability, investigator and subject global assessments and rescue medication consumption (paracetamol) were measured together with safety assessments including vital signs and laboratory based assays. Results Subject randomization was effective: age, gender and disease status distribution was similar in both groups. The response rates (20% reduction in WOMAC pain) were substantial for both glucosamine (89%) and reparagen (94%) and supported by investigator and subject assessments. Using related criteria response rates to reparagen were favorable when compared to glucosamine. Compared to baseline both treatments showed significant benefits in WOMAC and VAS outcomes within one week (P < 0.05), with a similar, progressive improvement over the course of the 8 week treatment protocol (45–62% reduction in WOMAC or VAS scores). Tolerability was excellent, no serious adverse events were noted and safety parameters were unchanged. Rescue medication use was significantly lower in the reparagen group (p < 0.01) at each assessment period. Serum IGF-1 levels were unaltered by treatments. Conclusion Both reparagen and glucosamine sulfate produced substantial improvements in pain, stiffness and function in subjects with osteoarthritis. Response rates were high and the safety profile was excellent, with significantly less rescue medication use with reparagen. Reparagen represents a new natural productive alternative in the management of joint health. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN25438351.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hardin SR. Cat's claw: An Amazonian vine decreases inflammation in osteoarthritis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2007; 13:25-8. [PMID: 17210508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2006.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Revised: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianesis) is a medicinal plant from the Amazon commonly used to treat disorders such as arthritis, gastritis and osteoarthritis. The mechanism of cat's claw appears to be as an inhibitor of TNFalpha and antioxidant. Understanding the processes in osteoarthritis may facilitate and clarify the potential role of cat's claw as a complementary therapy to assist in the reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators and effectors. The clinical relevance of this therapy as a viable modality of intervention will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonya R Hardin
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, School of Nursing, 9201 University Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheeke PR, Piacente S, Oleszek W. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of Yucca schidigera: a review. J Inflamm (Lond) 2006; 3:6. [PMID: 16571135 PMCID: PMC1440857 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-3-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2005] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Yucca schidigera is a medicinal plant native to Mexico. According to folk medicine, yucca extracts have anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects. The plant contains several physiologically active phytochemicals. It is a rich source of steroidal saponins, and is used commercially as a saponin source. Saponins have diverse biological effects, including anti-protozoal activity. It has been postulated that saponins may have anti-arthritic properties by suppressing intestinal protozoa which may have a role in joint inflammation. Yucca is also a rich source of polyphenolics, including resveratrol and a number of other stilbenes (yuccaols A, B, C, D and E). These phenolics have anti-inflammatory activity. They are inhibitors of the nuclear transcription factor NFkappaB. NFkB stimulates synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which causes formation of the inflammatory agent nitric oxide. Yucca phenolics are also anti-oxidants and free-radical scavengers, which may aid in suppressing reactive oxygen species that stimulate inflammatory responses. Based on these findings, further studies on the anti-arthritic effects of Yucca schidigera are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- PR Cheeke
- Department of Animal Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
- Desert King International, 7024 Manya Circle, San Diego, CA 92154, USA
| | - S Piacente
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo-84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - W Oleszek
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24100 Pulawy, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ameye LG, Chee WSS. Osteoarthritis and nutrition. From nutraceuticals to functional foods: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. Arthritis Res Ther 2006; 8:R127. [PMID: 16859534 PMCID: PMC1779427 DOI: 10.1186/ar2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2006] [Revised: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 07/19/2006] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The scientific and medical community remains skeptical regarding the efficacy of nutrition for osteoarthritis despite their broad acceptation by patients. In this context, this paper systematically reviews human clinical trials evaluating the effects of nutritional compounds on osteoarthritis. We searched the Medline, Embase, and Biosis databases from their inception to September 2005 using the terms random, double-blind method, trial, study, placebo, and osteoarthritis. We selected all peer-reviewed articles reporting the results of randomised human clinical trials (RCTs) in osteoarthritis that investigated the effects of oral interventions based on natural molecules. Studies on glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate were excluded. The quality of the RCTs was assessed with an osteoarthritic-specific standardised set of 12 criteria and a validated instrument. A best-evidence synthesis was used to categorise the scientific evidence behind each nutritional compound as good, moderate, or limited. A summary of the most relevant in vitro and animal studies is used to shed light on the potential mechanisms of action. Inclusion criteria were met by 53 RCTs out of the 2,026 identified studies. Good evidence was found for avocado soybean unsaponifiables. Moderate evidence was found for methylsulfonylmethane and SKI306X, a cocktail of plant extracts. Limited evidence was found for the Chinese plant extract duhuo jisheng Wan, cetyl myristoleate, lipids from green-lipped mussels, and plant extracts from Harpagophytum procumbens. Overall, scientific evidence exists for some specific nutritional interventions to provide symptom relief to osteoarthritic patients. It remains to be investigated whether nutritional compounds can have structure-modifying effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent G Ameye
- Nutrition and Health Department, Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Winnie SS Chee
- Nutrition and Health Department, Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|