1
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Roberts J, Whiley L, Gray N, Gay M, Nitschke P, Masuda R, Holmes E, Nicholson JK, Wist J, Lawler NG. Rapid and Self-Administrable Capillary Blood Microsampling Demonstrates Statistical Equivalence with Standard Venous Collections in NMR-Based Lipoprotein Analysis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4505-4513. [PMID: 38372289 PMCID: PMC10955515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
We investigated plasma and serum blood derivatives from capillary blood microsamples (500 μL, MiniCollect tubes) and corresponding venous blood (10 mL vacutainers). Samples from 20 healthy participants were analyzed by 1H NMR, and 112 lipoprotein subfraction parameters; 3 supramolecular phospholipid composite (SPC) parameters from SPC1, SPC2, and SPC3 subfractions; 2 N-acetyl signals from α-1-acid glycoprotein (Glyc), GlycA, and GlycB; and 3 calculated parameters, SPC (total), SPC3/SPC2, and Glyc (total) were assessed. Using linear regression between capillary and venous collection sites, we explained that agreement (Adj. R2 ≥ 0.8, p < 0.001) was witnessed for 86% of plasma parameters (103/120) and 88% of serum parameters (106/120), indicating that capillary lipoprotein, SPC, and Glyc concentrations follow changes in venous concentrations. These results indicate that capillary blood microsamples are suitable for sampling in remote areas and for high-frequency longitudinal sampling of the majority of lipoproteins, SPCs, and Glycs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayden
Lee Roberts
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Luke Whiley
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Nicola Gray
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Melvin Gay
- Bruker
Pty Ltd., Preston, VIC 3072, Australia
| | - Philipp Nitschke
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Reika Masuda
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department
of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department
of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Institute
of Global Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Level 1, Faculty Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2NA, U.K.
| | - Julien Wist
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Faculty
of Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction,
Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial
College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Chemistry
Department, Universidad del Valle, Melendez 76001, Cali, Colombia
| | - Nathan G. Lawler
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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2
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Zhang Z, Rodriguez M, Zheng Z. Clot or Not? Reviewing the Reciprocal Regulation Between Lipids and Blood Clotting. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:533-544. [PMID: 38235555 PMCID: PMC10922732 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Both hyperlipidemia and thrombosis contribute to the risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death and reduced quality of life in survivors worldwide. The accumulation of lipid-rich plaques on arterial walls eventually leads to the rupture or erosion of vulnerable lesions, triggering excessive blood clotting and leading to adverse thrombotic events. Lipoproteins are highly dynamic particles that circulate in blood, carry insoluble lipids, and are associated with proteins, many of which are involved in blood clotting. A growing body of evidence suggests a reciprocal regulatory relationship between blood clotting and lipid metabolism. In this review article, we summarize the observations that lipoproteins and lipids impact the hemostatic system, and the clotting-related proteins influence lipid metabolism. We also highlight the gaps that need to be filled in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Zhang
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Maya Rodriguez
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- College of Arts and Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Ze Zheng
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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3
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Nieddu G, Formato M, Lepedda AJ. Searching for Atherosclerosis Biomarkers by Proteomics: A Focus on Lesion Pathogenesis and Vulnerability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15175. [PMID: 37894856 PMCID: PMC10607641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plaque rupture and thrombosis are the most important clinical complications in the pathogenesis of stroke, coronary arteries, and peripheral vascular diseases. The identification of early biomarkers of plaque presence and susceptibility to ulceration could be of primary importance in preventing such life-threatening events. With the improvement of proteomic tools, large-scale technologies have been proven valuable in attempting to unravel pathways of atherosclerotic degeneration and identifying new circulating markers to be utilized either as early diagnostic traits or as targets for new drug therapies. To address these issues, different matrices of human origin, such as vascular cells, arterial tissues, plasma, and urine, have been investigated. Besides, proteomics was also applied to experimental atherosclerosis in order to unveil significant insights into the mechanisms influencing atherogenesis. This narrative review provides an overview of the last twenty years of omics applications to the study of atherogenesis and lesion vulnerability, with particular emphasis on lipoproteomics and vascular tissue proteomics. Major issues of tissue analyses, such as plaque complexity, sampling, availability, choice of proper controls, and lipoproteins purification, will be raised, and future directions will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Junior Lepedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.); Antonio Junior Lepedda (A.J.L.)
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4
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Dai W, Castleberry M, Zheng Z. Tale of two systems: the intertwining duality of fibrinolysis and lipoprotein metabolism. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:2679-2696. [PMID: 37579878 PMCID: PMC10599797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinolysis is an enzymatic process that breaks down fibrin clots, while dyslipidemia refers to abnormal levels of lipids and lipoproteins in the blood. Both fibrinolysis and lipoprotein metabolism are critical mechanisms that regulate a myriad of functions in the body, and the imbalance of these mechanisms is linked to the development of pathologic conditions, such as thrombotic complications in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Accumulated evidence indicates the close relationship between the 2 seemingly distinct and complicated systems-fibrinolysis and lipoprotein metabolism. Observational studies in humans found that dyslipidemia, characterized by increased blood apoB-lipoprotein and decreased high-density lipoprotein, is associated with lower fibrinolytic potential. Genetic variants of some fibrinolytic regulators are associated with blood lipid levels, supporting a causal relationship between these regulators and lipoprotein metabolism. Mechanistic studies have elucidated many pathways that link the fibrinolytic system and lipoprotein metabolism. Moreover, profibrinolytic therapies improve lipid panels toward an overall cardiometabolic healthier phenotype, while some lipid-lowering treatments increase fibrinolytic potential. The complex relationship between lipoprotein and fibrinolysis warrants further research to improve our understanding of the bidirectional regulation between the mediators of fibrinolysis and lipoprotein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Dai
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, USA.
| | | | - Ze Zheng
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
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5
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Gianazza E, Zoanni B, Mallia A, Brioschi M, Colombo GI, Banfi C. Proteomic studies on apoB-containing lipoprotein in cardiovascular research: A comprehensive review. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:1397-1423. [PMID: 34747518 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which remains the leading cause of death worldwide, makes the current clinical pathway for cardiovascular risk assessment unsatisfactory, as there remains a substantial unexplained residual risk. Simultaneous assessment of a large number of plasma proteins may be a promising tool to further refine risk assessment, and lipoprotein-associated proteins have the potential to fill this gap. Technical advances now allow for high-throughput proteomic analysis in a reproducible and cost-effective manner. Proteomics has great potential to identify and quantify hundreds of candidate marker proteins in a sample and allows the translation from isolated lipoproteins to whole plasma, thus providing an individual multiplexed proteomic fingerprint. This narrative review describes the pathophysiological roles of atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins and the recent advances in their mass spectrometry-based proteomic characterization and quantitation for better refinement of CVD risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alice Mallia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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6
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Holzer M, Ljubojevic-Holzer S, Souza Junior DR, Stadler JT, Rani A, Scharnagl H, Ronsein GE, Marsche G. HDL Isolated by Immunoaffinity, Ultracentrifugation, or Precipitation is Compositionally and Functionally Distinct. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100307. [PMID: 36511335 PMCID: PMC9720336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The HDL proteome has been widely recognized as an important mediator of HDL function. While a variety of HDL isolation methods exist, their impact on the HDL proteome and its associated function remain largely unknown. Here, we compared three of the most common methods for HDL isolation, namely immunoaffinity (IA), density gradient ultracentrifugation (UC), and dextran-sulfate precipitation (DS), in terms of their effects on the HDL proteome and associated functionalities. We used state-of-the-art mass spectrometry to identify 171 proteins across all three isolation methods. IA-HDL contained higher levels of paraoxonase 1, apoB, clusterin, vitronectin, and fibronectin, while UC-HDL had higher levels of apoA2, apoC3, and α-1-antytrypsin. DS-HDL was enriched with apoA4 and complement proteins, while the apoA2 content was very low. Importantly, size-exclusion chromatography analysis showed that IA-HDL isolates contained subspecies in the size range above 12 nm, which were entirely absent in UC-HDL and DS-HDL isolates. Analysis of these subspecies indicated that they primarily consisted of apoA1, IGκC, apoC1, and clusterin. Functional analysis revealed that paraoxonase 1 activity was almost completely lost in IA-HDL, despite high paraoxonase content. We observed that the elution conditions, using 3M thiocyanate, during IA resulted in an almost complete loss of paraoxonase 1 activity. Notably, the cholesterol efflux capacity of UC-HDL and DS-HDL was significantly higher compared to IA-HDL. Together, our data clearly demonstrate that the isolation procedure has a substantial impact on the composition, subclass distribution, and functionality of HDL. In summary, our data show that the isolation procedure has a significant impact on the composition, subclass distribution and functionality of HDL. Our data can be helpful in the comparison, replication and analysis of proteomic datasets of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Holzer
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto-Loewi Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria,For correspondence: Michael Holzer
| | - Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria,Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Julia T. Stadler
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto-Loewi Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alankrita Rani
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto-Loewi Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Graziella Eliza Ronsein
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto-Loewi Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
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7
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Finamore F, Nieddu G, Rocchiccioli S, Spirito R, Guarino A, Formato M, Lepedda AJ. Apolipoprotein Signature of HDL and LDL from Atherosclerotic Patients in Relation with Carotid Plaque Typology: A Preliminary Report. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091156. [PMID: 34572342 PMCID: PMC8465382 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past years, it has become increasingly clear that the protein cargo of the different lipoprotein classes is largely responsible for carrying out their various functions, also in relation to pathological conditions, including atherosclerosis. Accordingly, detailed information about their apolipoprotein composition and structure may contribute to the revelation of their role in atherogenesis and the understanding of the mechanisms that lead to atherosclerotic degeneration and toward vulnerable plaque formation. With this aim, shotgun proteomics was applied to identify the apolipoprotein signatures of both high-density and low-density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL) plasma fractions purified from healthy volunteers and atherosclerotic patients with different plaque typologies who underwent carotid endarterectomy. By this approach, two proteins with potential implications in inflammatory, immune, and hemostatic pathways, namely, integrin beta-2 (P05107) and secretoglobin family 3A member 2 (Q96PL1), have been confirmed to belong to the HDL proteome. Similarly, the list of LDL-associated proteins has been enriched with 21 proteins involved in complement and coagulation cascades and the acute-phase response, which potentially double the protein species of LDL cargo. Moreover, differential expression analysis has shown protein signatures specific for patients with “hard” or “soft” plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Finamore
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Gabriele Nieddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Silvia Rocchiccioli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Rita Spirito
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, via Parea 4, 20138 Milano, Italy; (R.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Guarino
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, via Parea 4, 20138 Milano, Italy; (R.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Marilena Formato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Antonio Junior Lepedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Zheng JJ, Agus JK, Hong BV, Tang X, Rhodes CH, Houts HE, Zhu C, Kang JW, Wong M, Xie Y, Lebrilla CB, Mallick E, Witwer KW, Zivkovic AM. Isolation of HDL by sequential flotation ultracentrifugation followed by size exclusion chromatography reveals size-based enrichment of HDL-associated proteins. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16086. [PMID: 34373542 PMCID: PMC8352908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles have multiple beneficial and cardioprotective roles, yet our understanding of their full structural and functional repertoire is limited due to challenges in separating HDL particles from contaminating plasma proteins and other lipid-carrying particles that overlap HDL in size and/or density. Here we describe a method for isolating HDL particles using a combination of sequential flotation density ultracentrifugation and fast protein liquid chromatography with a size exclusion column. Purity was visualized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and verified by proteomics, while size and structural integrity were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. This HDL isolation method can be used to isolate a high yield of purified HDL from a low starting plasma volume for functional analyses. This method also enables investigators to select their specific HDL fraction of interest: from the least inclusive but highest purity HDL fraction eluting in the middle of the HDL peak, to pooling all of the fractions to capture the breadth of HDL particles in the original plasma sample. We show that certain proteins such as lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), and clusterin (CLUS) are enriched in large HDL particles whereas proteins such as alpha-2HS-glycoprotein (A2HSG), alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT), and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) are enriched or found exclusively in small HDL particles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanne K Agus
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Brian V Hong
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Hannah E Houts
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Chenghao Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jea Woo Kang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maurice Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yixuan Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Emily Mallick
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angela M Zivkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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9
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Abstract
Introduction: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are heterogeneous and their proteome is complex and distinct from HDL cholesterol. However, it is largely unknown whether HDL proteins are associated with cardiovascular protection. Areas covered: HDL isolation techniques and proteomic analyses are reviewed. A list of HDL proteins reported in 37 different studies was compiled and the effects of different isolation techniques on proteins attributed to HDL are discussed. Mass spectrometric techniques used for HDL analysis and the need for precise and robust methods for quantification of HDL proteins are discussed. Expert opinion: Proteins associated with HDL have the potential to be used as biomarkers and/or help to understand HDL functionality. To achieve this, large cohorts must be studied using precise quantification methods. Key factors in HDL proteome quantification are the isolation methodology and the mass spectrometry technique employed. Isolation methodology affects what proteins are identified in HDL and the specificity of association with HDL particles needs to be addressed. Shotgun proteomics yields imprecise quantification, but the majority of HDL studies relied on this approach. Few recent studies used targeted tandem mass spectrometry to quantify HDL proteins, and it is imperative that future studies focus on the application of these precise techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Eliza Ronsein
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Tomáš Vaisar
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle , WA , USA
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10
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Li S, Wang C, Li K, Li L, Tian M, Xie J, Yang M, Jia Y, He J, Gao L, Boden G, Liu H, Yang G. NAMPT knockdown attenuates atherosclerosis and promotes reverse cholesterol transport in ApoE KO mice with high-fat-induced insulin resistance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26746. [PMID: 27229177 PMCID: PMC4882618 DOI: 10.1038/srep26746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
NAMPT has been suggested association with atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. However, the impact of NAMPT on atherosclerosis remained unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use a NAMPT loss-of-function approach to investigate the effect of NAMPT on atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. We demonstrated that a specific NAMPT knockdown increased plasma HDL-C levels, reduced the plaque area of the total aorta en face and the cross-sectional aortic sinus, decreased macrophage number and apoptosis, and promoted RCT in HFD-fed ApoE KO mice. These changes were accompanied by increased PPARα, LXRα, ABCA1 and ABCG1 expressions in the liver. NAMPT knockdown also facilitated cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 cells. We further investigated the effect of NAMPT knockdown on the PPARα-LXRα pathway of cholesterol metabolism with MK886 (a selective inhibitor of PPARα) in RAW264.7 macrophages. MK886 abolished the ability of NAMPT knockdown to decrease intracellular cholesterol levels to enhance the rate of (3)H-cholesterol efflux and to increase ABCA1/G1 and LXRα expressions in RAW264.7 macrophages. Our observations demonstrate that NAMPT knockdown exerted antiatherogenic effects by promoting cholesterol efflux and macrophage RCT through the PPARα- LXRα- ABCA1/G1pathway in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyuan Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Mengliu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Yanjun Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Junying He
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, 563003 Guizhou, China
| | - Guenther Boden
- The Division of Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism and the Clinical Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi, MS 39216-4505, USA
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400010 Chongqing, China
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11
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Godzien J, Ciborowski M, Armitage EG, Jorge I, Camafeita E, Burillo E, Martín-Ventura JL, Rupérez FJ, Vázquez J, Barbas C. A Single In-Vial Dual Extraction Strategy for the Simultaneous Lipidomics and Proteomics Analysis of HDL and LDL Fractions. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1762-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Godzien
- CEMBIO,
Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid 28003, Spain
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical
Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 12-089, Poland
| | - Emily Grace Armitage
- CEMBIO,
Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid 28003, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- Cardiovascular
Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Cardiovascular
Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Burillo
- Vascular
Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Martín-Ventura
- Vascular
Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Rupérez
- CEMBIO,
Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid 28003, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular
Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- CEMBIO,
Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid 28003, Spain
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12
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Suto A, Yamasaki M, Takasaki Y, Fujita Y, Abe R, Shimizu H, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. LC-MS/MS analysis of canine lipoproteins fractionated using the ultracentrifugation-precipitation method. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:1471-7. [PMID: 23856814 PMCID: PMC3942982 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of a gold standard method in canine lipoprotein analysis, it is unclear
whether canine high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) can be
accurately evaluated by the lipoprotein analysis methods used for dogs. This study
investigated whether the ultracentrifugation-precipitation (U-P) method was suitable as a
gold standard method for analyzing canine lipoprotein. First, the U-P method was compared
with a gel permeation high-performance liquid chromatography system (GP-HPLC). The
concentrations of canine HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) determined by
the U-P method correlated closely with those determined by GP-HPLC. However, the canine
HDL-C concentration determined by the U-P method was lower than that determined by
GP-HPLC, and the canine LDL-C concentration determined by the U-P method was higher than
that determined by GP-HPLC. This study showed that some canine HDL could be precipitated
with heparin manganese chloride solution. Second, the HDL and LDL fractions separated by
the U-P method were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The HDL fraction was found to contain only
apolipoprotein A-I, which is an apolipoprotein of HDL, whereas the LDL fraction contained
both apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B-100, which is an apolipoprotein of LDL. This
data showed that a certain lipoprotein that includes apolipoprotein A-I might precipitate
with canine LDL when using heparin manganese chloride solution. These results indicated
that the U-P method is not currently a gold standard method for analyzing canine
lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Suto
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita15 Nishi7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
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13
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Eberini I, Wait R, Calabresi L, Sensi C, Miller I, Gianazza E. A proteomic portrait of atherosclerosis. J Proteomics 2013; 82:92-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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14
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McNeal CJ, Chatterjee S, Hou J, Worthy LS, Larner CD, Macfarlane RD, Alaupovic P, Brocia RW. Human HDL containing a novel apoC-I isoform induces smooth muscle cell apoptosis. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 98:83-93. [PMID: 23354389 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We discovered that some adults with coronary heart disease (CHD) have a high density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass which induces human aortic smooth muscle cell (ASMC) apoptosis in vitro. The purpose of this investigation was to determine what properties differentiate apoptotic and non-apoptotic HDL subclasses in adults with and without CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS Density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to measure the particle density distribution and to isolate two HDL subclass fractions, HDL2 and HDL3, from 21 individuals, including 12 without CHD. The HDL fractions were incubated with ASMCs for 24 h; apoptosis was quantitated relative to C2-ceramide and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The observed effect of some HDL subclasses on apoptosis was ∼6-fold greater than TNF-α and ∼16-fold greater than the cell medium. We observed that apoptotic HDL was (i) predominately associated with the HDL2 subclass; (ii) almost exclusively found in individuals with a higher apoC-I serum level and a novel, higher molecular weight isoform of apoC-I; and (iii) more common in adults with CHD, the majority of whom had high (>60 mg/dL) HDL-C levels. CONCLUSIONS Some HDL subclasses enriched in a novel isoform of apoC-I induce extensive ASMC apoptosis in vitro. Individuals with this apoptotic HDL phenotype generally have higher apoC-I and HDL-C levels consistent with an inhibitory effect of apoC-I on cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity. The association of this phenotype with processes that can promote plaque rupture may explain a source of CHD risk not accounted for by the classical risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J McNeal
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
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15
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Vaisar T. Proteomics investigations of HDL: challenges and promise. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2012; 10:410-21. [PMID: 22339300 DOI: 10.2174/157016112800812755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
High density lipoprotein (HDL) is recognized as the major negative risk factor of cardiovascular disease and number of anti-atherogenic functions has been ascribed to HDL. HDL is an assembly of a neutral lipid core and an outer shell consisting of polar lipids and proteins. It has been defined many different ways based on various distinct properties including density flotation, protein composition, molecular size, and electrophoretic migration. Overall the studies characterizing HDL clearly demonstrate that it is a complex heterogeneous mixture of particles. Furthermore several studies convincingly demonstrated that certain populations of HDL particles have a distinct functionality suggesting that HDL may serve as a platform for assembly of protein complexes with very specific biological functions. Indeed recent proteomics studies described over 100 proteins associated with HDL. Here we review approaches to isolation and proteomic analysis of HDL and discuss potential problems associated with isolation methods which may confound our understanding of the relation of the HDL composition and its biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Vaisar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 815 Mercer St, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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16
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Martinez MN, Emfinger CH, Overton M, Hill S, Ramaswamy TS, Cappel DA, Wu K, Fazio S, McDonald WH, Hachey DL, Tabb DL, Stafford JM. Obesity and altered glucose metabolism impact HDL composition in CETP transgenic mice: a role for ovarian hormones. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:379-389. [PMID: 22215797 PMCID: PMC3276461 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m019752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying changes in HDL composition caused by obesity are poorly defined, partly because mice lack expression of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), which shuttles triglyceride and cholesteryl ester between lipoproteins. Because menopause is associated with weight gain, altered glucose metabolism, and changes in HDL, we tested the effect of feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) and ovariectomy (OVX) on glucose metabolism and HDL composition in CETP transgenic mice. After OVX, female CETP-expressing mice had accelerated weight gain with HFD-feeding and impaired glucose tolerance by hyperglycemic clamp techniques, compared with OVX mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD). Sham-operated mice (SHAM) did not show HFD-induced weight gain and had less glucose intolerance than OVX mice. Using shotgun HDL proteomics, HFD-feeding in OVX mice had a large effect on HDL composition, including increased levels of apoA2, apoA4, apoC2, and apoC3, proteins involved in TG metabolism. These changes were associated with decreased hepatic expression of SR-B1, ABCA1, and LDL receptor, proteins involved in modulating the lipid content of HDL. In SHAM mice, there were minimal changes in HDL composition with HFD feeding. These studies suggest that the absence of ovarian hormones negatively influences the response to high-fat feeding in terms of glucose tolerance and HDL composition. CETP-expressing mice may represent a useful model to define how metabolic changes affect HDL composition and function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Overton
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | | | | | | | - Ke Wu
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolism; Wuhan University
| | - Sergio Fazio
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | - W Hayes McDonald
- Mass Spectroscopy Research Center Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - David L Hachey
- Mass Spectroscopy Research Center Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | | | - John M Stafford
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics; Tennessee Valley Healthcare System; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolism.
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17
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Biedzka-Sarek M, Metso J, Kateifides A, Meri T, Jokiranta TS, Muszyński A, Radziejewska-Lebrecht J, Zannis V, Skurnik M, Jauhiainen M. Apolipoprotein A-I exerts bactericidal activity against Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:38211-38219. [PMID: 21896489 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.249482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the main protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL), is well recognized for its antiatherogenic, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory properties. Here, we report a novel role for apoA-I as a host defense molecule that contributes to the complement-mediated killing of an important gastrointestinal pathogen, Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia enterocolitica. We specifically show that the C-terminal domain of apoA-I is the effector site providing the bactericidal activity. Although the presence of the lipopolysaccharide O-antigen on the bacterial surface is absolutely required for apoA-I to kill the bacteria, apoA-I does not interact with the bacteria directly. To the contrary, exposure of the bacteria by serum proteins triggers apoA-I deposition on the bacterial surface. As our data show that both purified lipid-free and HDL-associated apoA-I displays anti-bacterial potential, apoA-I mimetic peptides may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of certain Gram-negative infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Biedzka-Sarek
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Genomics Research Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, and Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jari Metso
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Genomics Research Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, and Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreas Kateifides
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Taru Meri
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Sakari Jokiranta
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Artur Muszyński
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | | | - Vassilis Zannis
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Mikael Skurnik
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Genomics Research Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, and Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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