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Hu S, Han X, Liu G, Wang S. LncRNAs as potential prognosis/diagnosis markers and factors driving drug resistance of osteosarcoma, a review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1415722. [PMID: 39015175 PMCID: PMC11249743 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1415722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignancy that often occurs in children, teenagers and young adults. Although the treatment strategy has improved, the results are still poor for most patients with metastatic or recurrent osteosarcomas. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new and effective prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diseases. Human genomes contain lncRNAs, transcripts with limited or insufficient capacity to encode proteins. They have been implicated in tumorigenesis, particularly regarding the onset, advancement, resistance to treatment, recurrence and remote dissemination of malignancies. Aberrant lncRNA expression in osteosarcomas has been reported by numerous researchers; lncRNAs have the potential to exhibit either oncogenic or tumor-suppressing behaviors and thus, to govern the advancement of this skeletal cancer. They are suspected to influence osteosarcoma cell growth, replication, invasion, migration, remote dissemination and programmed cell death. Additionally, they have been recognized as clinical markers, and may participate in the development of multidrug resistance. Therefore, the study of lncRNAs in the growth, metastasis, treatment and prognosis of osteosarcoma is very important for the active prevention and treatment of osteosarcoma. Consequently, this work reviews the functions of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwang Hu
- The Orthopedic Center, Wenling First People’s Hospital (The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Wenling, China
| | - Xuebing Han
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wenling First People’s Hospital (The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Wenling, China
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Xu C, Wang Z, Zhang L, Feng Y, Lv J, Wu Z, Yang R, Wu T, Li J, Zhou R, Tian Z, Bai J, Zhang H, Lan Y, Lv Z. Periostin promotes the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma by increasing cell survival and activates the PI3K/Akt pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:34. [PMID: 35057799 PMCID: PMC8780812 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silencing of the periostin gene (POSTN) can inhibit the biological process of several different cancers, and this inhibition may be related to down-regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling. However, the effect of POSTN on the progression, proliferation, and invasion of osteosarcoma (OS) remain unclear. Methods We used the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to screen datasets on in situ OS and lung metastases to identify core genes and potential pathways. We used additional bioinformatics tools to identify protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and gene networks, and selected the top seven genes whose expression had the strongest correlations with other genes. Results The results indicated that POSTN was a major hub gene. Subsequent analysis of gene expression profiles showed that POSTN was highly expressed in 262 cases with sarcoma and expression was closely related to poor prognosis. We also performed enrichment analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and used real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry analyses to measure POSTN expression in cells and tissues. Transfection of a POSTN-shRNA plasmid into cultured OS cells (Saos-2) effectively inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of these cells. Taken together, our results suggest that POSTN may play a role in promoting the proliferation and metastasis of OS by activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions Our results provide a preliminary characterization of the mechanism by which POSTN may regulate the migration and invasion of OS cells and also provide a theoretical basis for identifying biomarkers that have potential use for the diagnosis and treatment of OS.
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Alfino LN, Wilczewski-Shirai KC, Cronise KE, Coy J, Glapa K, Ehrhart EJ, Charles JB, Duval DL, Regan DP. Role of Periostin Expression in Canine Osteosarcoma Biology and Clinical Outcome. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:981-993. [PMID: 33685296 PMCID: PMC8426451 DOI: 10.1177/0300985821996671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Periostin is a matricellular protein important in regulating bone, tooth, and cardiac development. In pathologic conditions, periostin drives allergic and fibrotic inflammatory diseases and is also overexpressed in certain cancers. Periostin signaling in tumors has been shown to promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stem cell survival in rodent models, and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in human glioblastoma. However, the role of periostin in regulating tumorigenesis of canine cancers has not been evaluated. Given its role in bone development, we sought to evaluate mRNA and protein expression of periostin in canine osteosarcoma (OS) and assess its association with patient outcome. We validated an anti-human periostin antibody cross-reactive to canine periostin via western blot and immunohistochemistry and evaluated periostin expression in microarray data from 49 primary canine OS tumors and 8 normal bone samples. Periostin mRNA was upregulated greater than 40-fold in canine OS tumors compared to normal bone and was significantly correlated with periostin protein expression based on quantitative image analysis. However, neither periostin mRNA nor protein expression were associated with time to metastasis in this cohort. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis demonstrated significant enhancement of pro-tumorigenic pathways including canonical WNT signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis in periostin-high tumors, while periostin-low tumors demonstrated evidence of heightened antitumor immune responses. Overall, these data identify a novel antibody that can be used as a tool for evaluation of periostin expression in dogs and suggest that investigation of Wnt pathway-targeted drugs in periostin overexpressing canine OS may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jonathan Coy
- 3447Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - E J Ehrhart
- Ethos Diagnostic Science, Wheat Ridge, CO, USA
| | | | - Dawn L Duval
- 3447Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Chen Z, Wang X, Wang G, Xiao B, Ma Z, Huo H, Li W. A seven-lncRNA signature for predicting Ewing's sarcoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11599. [PMID: 34178467 PMCID: PMC8214847 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with unique characteristics. These RNA can regulate cancer cells’ survival, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis and are potential diagnostic and prognostic markers. We identified a seven-lncRNA signature related to the overall survival (OS) of patients with Ewing’s sarcoma (EWS). Methods We used an expression profile from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database as a training cohort to screen out the OS-associated lncRNAs in EWS and further established a seven-lncRNA signature using univariate Cox regression, the least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. The prognostic lncRNA signature was validated in an external dataset from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) as a validation cohort. Results We obtained 10 survival-related lncRNAs from the Kaplan-Meier and ROC curve analysis (log-rank test P < 0.05; AUC >0.6). Univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses confirmed seven key lncRNAs and we established a lncRNA signature to predict an EWS prognosis. EWS patients in the training cohort were categorized into a low-risk group or a high-risk group based on their median risk score. The high-risk group’s survival time was significantly shorter than the low-risk group’s. This seven-lncRNA signature was further confirmed by the validation cohort. The area under the curve (AUC) for this lncRNA signature was up to 0.905 in the training group and 0.697 in the 3-year validation group. The nomogram’s calibration curves demonstrated that EWS probability in the two cohorts was consistent between the nomogram prediction and actual observation. Conclusion We screened a seven-lncRNA signature to predict the EWS patients’ prognosis. Our findings provide a new reference for the current prognostic evaluation of EWS and new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of EWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guozhu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongliang Huo
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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Ma K, Zhang C, Li W. Gamabufotalin suppressed osteosarcoma stem cells through the TGF-β/periostin/PI3K/AKT pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109275. [PMID: 33010222 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of gamabufotalin (GBT) on metastasis and modulation of stemness features in osteosarcoma, and the molecular mechanisms underlying such effects. METHODS Human osteosarcoma U2OS/MG-63 cell lines were used in this study. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined by MTT assay, wound healing assay, and cell invasion assay, respectively. The inhibitive effect of GBT on stemness was assessed by flow cytometry and mammosphere formation. The protein levels of related proteins were detected by western blotting analysis. The effect of GBT on tumorigenicity and metastasis was determined by immunofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry in vivo experiments. RESULTS We found that GBT suppressed the viability of U2OS/MG-63 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Notably, GBT had no effect on the viability of human fetal osteoblastic (hFOB) 1.19 cells. Moreover, GBT increased the width of wounds, reduced the number of invasive osteosarcoma cells and reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype. Notably, we found that, compared with hFOB1.19 cells, the levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), periostin, phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT), and phosphorylated-PI3K (p-PI3K) were higher in spheroids group than in parent cells. In addition, GBT reduced the ratio of CD133+ cells, the size of spheroids and Nanog, as well as the protein levels of SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), and octamer-binding protein 3/4 (OCT3/4). Our in vivo experiments showed that GBT consistently reduced lung metastasis lesions, the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), TGF-β, periostin, p-AKT, and p-PI3K (immunohistochemistry staining), as well as that of CD133 in tumor tissues (immunofluorescence analysis). From a mechanistic point of view, exogenous TGF-β/periostin/PI3K/AKT overexpression neutralized the reduction of GBT-decreased invasion/migration and the suppression of stemness properties. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data demonstrated that GBT inhibited the viability and tumorigenesis capability of osteosarcoma cells by blocking the TGF-β/periostin/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, GBT may represent a promising therapeutic agent for the management of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ma
- Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province & Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, 471002, China.
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province & Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, 471002, China
| | - Wuyin Li
- Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province & Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, 471002, China.
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Wang W, Li Y, Zhi S, Li J, Miao J, Ding Z, Peng Y, Huang Y, Zheng R, Yu H, Qi P, Wang J, Fu X, Hu M, Chen S. LncRNA-ROR/microRNA-185-3p/YAP1 axis exerts function in biological characteristics of osteosarcoma cells. Genomics 2020; 113:450-461. [PMID: 32898639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM The co-expression network of long non-coding RNA ROR (lncRNA-ROR) and microRNA-185-3p (miR-185-3p) has not been focused on osteosarcoma. Therein, this work was initiated to uncover lncRNA-ROR and miR-185-3p functions in osteosarcoma. METHODS LncRNA-ROR, miR-185-3p and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression in osteosarcoma tissues and cells were detected. The screened cells (MG63 and U2OS) were transfected with decreased and/or increased lncRNA-ROR and miR-185-3p to explore osteosarcoma progression. Tumor growth was detected by tumor xenografts in mice. RESULTS Up-regulated lncRNA-ROR and YAP1 and down-regulated miR-185-3p were found in osteosarcoma. LncRNA ROR knockdown or miR-185-3p overexpression inhibited osteosarcoma cell progression while lncRNA ROR elevation or miR-185-3p inhibition presented the opposite effects. Function of lncRNA ROR was rescued by miR-185-3p and regulated the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells via modulating YAP1, the target gene of miR-185-3p. CONCLUSION This work illustrates that lncRNA-ROR down-regulation or miR-185-3p up-regulation inhibits osteosarcoma progression via YAP1 repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yuezhan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Zhi
- Four Gynecological Wards, Ningbo Women & Children's Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jinglei Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyu Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Huang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ruping Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Pei Qi
- Department of pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xingchang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Aerospace hospital, Changsha 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Minghua Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Shijie Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Xu S, Gong Y, Yin Y, Xing H, Zhang N. The multiple function of long noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma progression, drug resistance and prognosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110141. [PMID: 32334375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a bone tumor prevalent in children and young adults. LncRNAs are a family of non-protein-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. The tumor-related pathological functions of lncRNAs include proliferation, migration, and chemotherapy resistance, all of which have been widely acknowledged in research on osteosarcoma. In addition, compelling evidence suggests that lncRNAs could serve as diagnostic indicators, prognostic biomarkers, and targets for disease treatment. In this review, we systematically summarize how lncRNAs regulate tumorigenesis, invasion and therapeutic resistance. By deepening our knowledge of the relationship between lncRNAs and osteosarcoma, we hope to translate research findings into clinical applications as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingchao Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyuan Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.
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Piano MA, Brunello A, Cappellesso R, Del Bianco P, Mattiolo A, Fritegotto C, Montini B, Zamuner C, Del Fiore P, Rastrelli M, Sommariva A, De Salvo GL, Montesco MC, Rossi CR, Zagonel V, Calabrò ML. Periostin and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Score as Novel Prognostic Markers for Leiomyosarcoma, Myxofibrosarcoma, and Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:2921-2931. [PMID: 32127392 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Interpatient clinical variability in soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) highlights the need for novel prognostic markers supporting patient risk stratification. As sarcomas might exhibit a more mesenchymal or a more epithelial state, we focused on epithelial-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-epithelial transitions (EMT/MET) for prognostic clues, and selected three histotypes with variable aggressiveness. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of EMT/MET-related factors was measured by qRT-PCR in 55 tumor samples from patients with leiomyosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, or undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. The identified marker was further evaluated by IHC in 31 leiomyosarcomas and by measuring its circulating levels in 67 patients. The prognostic value of a sarcoma-tailored EMT score was analyzed. Epirubicin chemosensitivity and migration were studied in primary STS cultures. Associations with overall survival (OS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. RESULTS High expression of periostin, a mesenchymal matricellular protein, in sarcoma tissues (P = 0.0024), its high stromal accumulation in leiomyosarcomas (P = 0.0075), and increased circulation (>20 ng/mL, P = 0.0008) were associated with reduced OS. High periostin expression [HR 2.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-6.9; P = 0.0134] and circulation (HR 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3-5.1; P = 0.0086), and a mesenchymal EMT score (mesenchymal vs. transitioning; HR, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.1-13.0, P = 0.0005) were associated with increased risk in multivariable models. An intrinsic or induced mesenchymal state enhanced chemoresistance and migration in sarcoma cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Although limited to a pilot study, these findings suggest that periostin might contribute prognostic information in the three studied STS histotypes. Moreover, a transitioning EMT score measured in the tumor might predict a less active and a more chemosensitive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Assunta Piano
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Brunello
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Rocco Cappellesso
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Del Bianco
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Adriana Mattiolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Fritegotto
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Barbara Montini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Carolina Zamuner
- Anatomy and Pathological Histology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Del Fiore
- Surgical Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Rastrelli
- Surgical Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Sommariva
- Surgical Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Gian Luca De Salvo
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Riccardo Rossi
- Surgical Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Medical Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Calabrò
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
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9
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Gao K, Zhang Y, Niu J, Nie Z, Liu Q, Lv C. Zinc promotes cell apoptosis via activating the Wnt-3a/β-catenin signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:57. [PMID: 32075661 PMCID: PMC7029609 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The zinc content in the blood and tumor tissues of patients with osteosarcoma and the underlying regulation and molecular mechanism of zinc have not been reported. METHODS AND RESULTS This study showed that the zinc content in the blood and tumor tissues of patients with osteosarcoma significantly reduced. CCK-8 and Transwell chamber assays revealed that zinc treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion abilities of osteosarcoma cells. Western blot analysis indicated that the expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were significantly increased, suggesting that zinc inhibited the growth and promoted the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. In addition, the expression levels of Wnt-3a and β-catenin, the marker proteins of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, were significantly increased in osteosarcoma cells after zinc intervention, which demonstrated that the pathway was clearly activated. However, the effect of zinc on the apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion abilities of osteosarcoma cells was reversed when the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways was inhibited by XAV939 (Wnt antagonist) treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to report the changes in zinc levels in the blood and tumor tissues of patients with osteosarcoma and to preliminarily verify that zinc inhibits the proliferation and invasion and promote the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by inducing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which ultimately inhibit cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Jianbing Niu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Zhikui Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Qingsheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China.
| | - Chaoliang Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China.
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10
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Cai L, Brophy RH, Tycksen ED, Duan X, Nunley RM, Rai MF. Distinct expression pattern of periostin splice variants in chondrocytes and ligament progenitor cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:8386-8405. [PMID: 30991832 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802281r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Periostin (POSTN), a secretory matricellular matrix protein, plays a multitude of biologic functions. Various splice variants of POSTN have been described; however, their expression pattern and functional implications are not completely understood. This study was undertaken to decipher the differential expression pattern of POSTN and its splice variants in various tissues and cell types. We show that POSTN was more highly expressed in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remnants compared with articular cartilage at the cellular and tissue level. Isoforms 1 and 8 were highly expressed only in articular chondrocytes, suggesting their splice-specific regulation in chondrocytes. To discern the role of total POSTN and full-length human POSTN isoform 1 (hPOSTN-001), we stably transfected human chondrosarcoma 1 (hCh-1) cell line with hPOSTN-001 using a pcDNA3.1-hPOSTN-001 construct. RNA-sequencing analysis of hCh-1 cells identified differentially expressed genes with a known role in chondrocyte function and osteoarthritis. Similar expression of a subset of candidate genes was revealed in ACL progenitor cells and chondrocytes as well as in ACL progenitor cells in which POSTN activity was altered by overexpression and by small interfering RNA gene knockdown. Cells expressing total POSTN, not isoform 1, exhibited increased cell adhesion potential. These findings suggest an important role for POSTN in the knee.-Cai, L., Brophy, R. H., Tycksen, E. D., Duan, X., Nunley, R. M., Rai, M. F. Distinct expression pattern of periostin splice variants in chondrocytes and ligament progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert H Brophy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Eric D Tycksen
- Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ryan M Nunley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Muhammad Farooq Rai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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11
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Wagner F, Holzapfel BM, Martine LC, McGovern J, Lahr CA, Boxberg M, Prodinger PM, Grässel S, Loessner D, Hutmacher DW. A humanized bone microenvironment uncovers HIF2 alpha as a latent marker for osteosarcoma. Acta Biomater 2019; 89:372-381. [PMID: 30836200 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The quest for predictive tumor markers for osteosarcoma (OS) has not well progressed over the last two decades due to a lack of preclinical models. The aim of this study was to investigate if microenvironmental modifications in an original humanized in vivo model alter the expression of OS tumor markers. Human bone micro-chips and bone marrow, harvested during hip arthroplasty, were implanted at the flanks of NOD/scid mice. We administered recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 7 (rhBMP-7) in human bone micro-chips/bone marrow group I in order to modulate bone matrix and bone marrow humanization. Ten weeks post-implantation, human Luc-SAOS-2 OS cells were injected into the humanized tissue-engineered bone organs (hTEBOs). Tumors were harvested 5 weeks post-implantation to determine the expression of the previously described OS markers ezrin, periostin, VEGF, HIF1α and HIF2α. Representation of these proteins was analyzed in two different OS patient cohorts. Ezrin was downregulated in OS in hTEBOs with rhBMP-7, whereas HIF2α was significantly upregulated in comparison to hTEBOs without rhBMP-7. The expression of periostin, VEGF and HIF1α did not differ significantly between both groups. HIF2α was consistently present in OS patients and dependent on tumor site and clinical stage. OS patients post-chemotherapy had suppressed levels of HIF2α. In conclusion, we demonstrated the overall expression of OS-related factors in a preclinical model, which is based on a humanized bone organ. Our preclinical research results and analysis of two comprehensive patient cohorts imply that HIF2α is a potential prognostic marker and/or therapeutic target. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates the clinical relevance of the humanized organ bone microenvironment in osteosarcoma research and validates the expression of tumor markers, especially HIF2α. The convergence of clinically proven bone engineering concepts for the development of humanized mice models is a new starting point for investigations of OS-related marker expression. The validation and first data set in such a model let one conclude that further clinical studies on the role of HIF2α as a prognostic marker and its potential as therapeutic target is a condition sine qua non.
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12
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Brown JM, Mantoku A, Sabokbar A, Oppermann U, Hassan AB, Kudo A, Athanasou N. Periostin expression in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of bone and joint. Clin Sarcoma Res 2018; 8:18. [PMID: 30202513 PMCID: PMC6123976 DOI: 10.1186/s13569-018-0105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periostin is a matricellular protein that is expressed in bone and joint tissues. To determine the expression of periostin in primary bone tumours and to assess whether it plays a role in tumour progression, we carried out immunohistochemistry and ELISA for periostin in a range of neoplastic and non-neoplastic bone and joint lesions. METHODS 140 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of bone tumours and tumour-like lesions were stained by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique with a polyclonal anti-periostin antibody. Periostin expression was also assessed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and non-inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA) synovium and synovial fluid immunohistochemistry and ELISA respectively. RESULTS Periostin was most strongly expressed in osteoid/woven bone of neoplastic and non-neoplastic bone-forming lesions, including osteoblastoma, osteosarcoma, fibrous dysplasia, osteofibrous dysplasia, fracture callus and myositis ossificans, and mineralised chondroid matrix/woven bone in chondroblastoma and clear cell chondrosarcoma. Reactive host bone at the edge of growing tumours, particularly in areas of increased vascularity and fibrosis, also stained strongly for periostin. Vascular elements in RA synovium strongly expressed periostin, and synovial fluid levels of periostin were higher in RA than OA. CONCLUSIONS In keeping with its known role in modulating the synthesis of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins in bone, strong periostin expression was noted in benign and malignant lesions forming an osteoid or osteoid-like matrix. Periostin was also noted in other bone tumours and was found in areas of reactive bone and increased vascularity at the edge of growing tumours, consistent with its involvement in tissue remodelling and angiogenesis associated with tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Brown
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal and Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7HE UK
| | - Akiro Mantoku
- Department of Biological Information, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Afsie Sabokbar
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal and Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7HE UK
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal and Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7HE UK
| | - A. Bass Hassan
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal and Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7HE UK
| | - Akiro Kudo
- Department of Biological Information, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501 Japan
| | - Nick Athanasou
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal and Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7HE UK
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Hedgehog signalling in the tumourigenesis and metastasis of osteosarcoma, and its potential value in the clinical therapy of osteosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:701. [PMID: 29899399 PMCID: PMC5999604 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0647-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway is involved in cell differentiation, growth and tissue polarity. This pathway is also involved in the progression and invasion of various human cancers. Osteosarcoma, a subtype of bone cancer, is commonly seen in children and adolescents. Typically, pulmonary osteosarcoma metastases are especially difficult to control. In the present paper, we summarise recent studies on the regulation of osteosarcoma progression and metastasis by downregulating Hh signalling. We also summarise the crosstalk between the Hh pathway and other cancer-related pathways in the tumourigenesis of various cancers. We further summarise and highlight the therapeutic value of potential inhibitors of Hh signalling in the clinical therapy of human cancers.
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14
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Duchamp de Lageneste O, Julien A, Abou-Khalil R, Frangi G, Carvalho C, Cagnard N, Cordier C, Conway SJ, Colnot C. Periosteum contains skeletal stem cells with high bone regenerative potential controlled by Periostin. Nat Commun 2018; 9:773. [PMID: 29472541 PMCID: PMC5823889 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration relies on the activation of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) that still remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that periosteum contains SSCs with high bone regenerative potential compared to bone marrow stromal cells/skeletal stem cells (BMSCs) in mice. Although periosteal cells (PCs) and BMSCs are derived from a common embryonic mesenchymal lineage, postnatally PCs exhibit greater clonogenicity, growth and differentiation capacity than BMSCs. During bone repair, PCs can efficiently contribute to cartilage and bone, and integrate long-term after transplantation. Molecular profiling uncovers genes encoding Periostin and other extracellular matrix molecules associated with the enhanced response to injury of PCs. Periostin gene deletion impairs PC functions and fracture consolidation. Periostin-deficient periosteum cannot reconstitute a pool of PCs after injury demonstrating the presence of SSCs within periosteum and the requirement of Periostin in maintaining this pool. Overall our results highlight the importance of analyzing periosteum and PCs to understand bone phenotypes. The periosteum, a tissue lining the bone surface, and the bone marrow are known to contain bone-forming cells. Here the authors show that skeletal stem cells reside in the mouse periosteum, and that periosteal cells have common embryonic origins with bone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs), but are better at bone repair and long-term integration than BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anaïs Julien
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Rana Abou-Khalil
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Frangi
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Carvalho
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Cagnard
- Paris-Descartes Bioinformatics Platform, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Cordier
- INSERM US24 - CNRS UMS3633 Cytometry Platform, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Céline Colnot
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France.
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15
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Identification of extracellular vesicle-borne periostin as a feature of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23335-45. [PMID: 26981774 PMCID: PMC5029630 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive malignancy with high mortality, and heterogeneity in MIBC results in variable clinical outcomes, posing challenges for clinical management. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MIBC have been shown to promote cancer progression. EVs derived from bladder cell lines were subjected to proteomic analysis, and periostin was chosen for further characterization due to its stage-specific gene expression profile. Knockdown of periostin by RNA interference reduces invasiveness in vitro and produces a rounder morphology. Importantly, treating low grade BC cells with periostin-rich EVs promotes cell aggressiveness and activates ERK oncogenic signals, and periostin suppression reverses these effects. These data suggest that MIBC might transfer periostin in an EV-mediated paracrine manner to promote the disease. To determine the potential of periostin as a bladder cancer indicator, patient urinary EVs were examined and found to have markedly higher levels of periostin than controls. In addition, immunohistochemical staining of a bladder cancer tissue microarray revealed that the presence of periostin in MIBC cells is correlated with worse prognosis. In conclusion, periostin is a component of bladder cancer cells associated with poor clinical outcome, and EVs can transfer oncogenic molecules such as periostin to affect the tumor environment and promote cancer progression.
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16
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Heterogeneous Periostin Expression in Different Histological Variants of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8701386. [PMID: 29435461 PMCID: PMC5757104 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8701386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Periostin (PN) epithelial and stromal overexpression in tumor pathology has been studied according to tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis, but a limited number of studies address PN in thyroid tumors. Aim Our study aimed to analyze PN expression in different histological variants of PTC and to correlate its expression with the clinicopathological prognostic factors. Material and Methods PN expression has been immunohistochemically assessed in 50 cases of PTC (conventional, follicular, oncocytic, macrofollicular, and tall cell variants), in tumor epithelial cells and intratumoral stroma. The association between PN expression and clinicopathological characteristics has been evaluated. Results Our results show that PTC presented different patterns of PN immunoreaction, stromal PN being significantly associated with advanced tumor stage and extrathyroidal extension. No correlations were found between PN overexpression in tumor epithelial cells and clinicopathological features, except for specific histological variants, the highest risk of poor outcome being registered for the conventional subtype in comparison to the oncocytic type. Conclusions Our study demonstrates differences in PN expression in histological subtypes of PTC. Our results plead in favor of a dominant protumorigenic role of stromal PN, while the action of epithelial PN is less noticeable.
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17
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Biological analysis of cancer specific microRNAs on function modeling in osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5382. [PMID: 28710380 PMCID: PMC5511279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone tumor characterized with a high risk of amputation and malignant morbidity among teenagers and adolescents. However, relevant pathogenic/biological mechanisms underlying OS-genesis remains to be ambiguous. The aim of this study was to elucidate functional relationship about microRNAs-mRNAs networks and to identify potential molecular markers via a computational method. Gene expression profile (GSE70415) was recruited from Gene Expression Omnibus. 3856 differentially expressed genes and 250 significantly expressed microRNAs were identified by using GCBI. The results of GO and KEGG pathways associated proteomics analysis indicated that extracellular matrix organization, small molecule metabolic process, cell adhesion (GO IDs: 0030198, 0044281, 0007155) and pathways in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, metabolic pathways (pathway IDs: 5200, 4151, 1100) were significantly enriched. In addition, CKMT2, miR-93b-5p, miR-29b-3p were found to be positively/negatively correlated with TP53, EGFR, and MMP members mediated OS development, including angiogenesis, migration and invasion. Further visualization of collective effect of 1181 microRNAs-mRNAs pairs and protein-protein interactions was realized by applying with cytosacpe. In summary, our work provided a better understanding of non-coding regulatory mechanisms of transcriptomics and unraveled essential molecular biomarkers in osteosarcoma.
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18
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Zhang H, Gao P, Xiao X, Heger M, Geng L, Fan B, Yuan Y, Huang C, Chen G, Liu Y, Hu Y, Yu X, Wu S, Wang L, Wang Z. A liquid biopsy-based method for the detection and quantification of circulating tumor cells in surgical osteosarcoma patients. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1075-1086. [PMID: 28350107 PMCID: PMC5363882 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the enumeration and quantification of osteosarcoma (OS) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is currently not available. A correlation between the number of CTCs and progression-free survival (PFS) has been established for other cancers, but not for OS CTCs. A method was therefore developed for CTC quantification in OS and validated in a prospective cohort of surgical patients with primary and recurrent/metastatic OS (N=23). Human OS cells, acting as CTCs, were enumerated from spiked human peripheral blood (PB) following erythrocyte and leukocyte depletion. The OS cells were quantified microscopically based on aneuploidy and a CK18-/CD45- phenotype. Aneuploidy was assayed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using fluorescence-labeled alpha-satellite probes for the centromeres of chromosome (CEP 8). CK18 and CD45 phenotyping was performed with immunocytochemistry. HOS cells in spiked PB could be effectively retrieved with the FISH-based enumeration method, which was subsequently employed in an OS patient cohort. PB of recurrent/metastatic OS patients contained more CTCs than the PB of primary OS patients. OS patients with ≥2 CTCs per 7.5 ml of PB had worse PFS than patients whose PB contained <2 CTCs. In 2 cases, CTCs were present in PB of OS patients with negative X-ray and chest CT scans. In conclusion, our method was able to quantitate CTCs in liquid biopsies of OS patients. The number of CTCs has diagnostic and prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Michal Heger
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lei Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Guojing Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yongchen Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300210, P.R. China
| | - Xiuchun Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Sujia Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Nanjing Military Commanding Region, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Chao L, Liu J, Zhao D. Increased Six1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2891-2896. [PMID: 28521394 PMCID: PMC5431299 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (Six1) is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor that acts as master regulator of development and is frequently dysregulated in various types of cancer. Six1 has been demonstrated to be upregulated in human osteosarcoma cell lines compared with osteoblastic cell lines. However, the association of Six1 expression with the progression and prognosis of osteosarcoma patients remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between Six1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of osteosarcoma. Six1 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in a series of 100 osteosarcoma patients, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess prognosis. The results revealed that increased Six1 protein expression was prevalent in osteosarcoma and was significantly associated with Enneking stage (P=0.002) and tumor size (P=0.010). Additionally, according to the log-rank test and Cox regression model, expression of Six1 is indicated to be an independent prognostic factor in osteosarcoma patients. In summary, positive expression of Six1 protein is closely associated with the tumor progression and poor survival of osteosarcoma patients. The results suggest that Six1 is a overexpressed in individuals with poor prognosis, and may thus be used as a prognostic biomarker in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemeng Chao
- Graduate College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010017, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - Dewei Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
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20
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Takayama I, Tanabe H, Nishiyama T, Ito H, Amizuka N, Li M, Katsube KI, Kii I, Kudo A. Periostin is required for matricellular localization of CCN3 in periodontal ligament of mice. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 11:5-13. [PMID: 28013443 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CCN3 is a matricellular protein that belongs to the CCN family. CCN3 consists of 4 domains: insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-like domain (IGFBP), von Willebrand type C-like domain (VWC), thrombospondin type 1-like domain (TSP1), and the C-terminal domain (CT) having a cysteine knot motif. Periostin is a secretory protein that binds to extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin and collagen. In this study, we found that CCN3 interacted with periostin. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that the TSP1-CT interacted with the 4 repeats of the Fas 1 domain of periostin. Immunofluorescence analysis showed co-localization of CCN3 and periostin in the periodontal ligament of mice. In addition, targeted disruption of the periostin gene in mice decreased the matricellular localization of CCN3 in the periodontal ligament. Thus, these results indicate that periostin was required for the matricellular localization of CCN3 in the periodontal ligament, suggesting that periostin mediated an interaction between CCN3 and the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Takayama
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tanabe
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishiyama
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.,Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke-Shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Harumi Ito
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Division of Oral Health Science, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Minqi Li
- Division of Oral Health Science, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 44-1, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ken-Ichi Katsube
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.,Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Human Care, Tohto College of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Isao Kii
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan. .,Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Akira Kudo
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.
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21
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Wagner F, Holzapfel BM, Thibaudeau L, Straub M, Ling MT, Grifka J, Loessner D, Lévesque JP, Hutmacher DW. A Validated Preclinical Animal Model for Primary Bone Tumor Research. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2016; 98:916-25. [PMID: 27252436 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.15.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the introduction of 21st-century surgical and neoadjuvant treatment modalities, survival of patients with osteosarcoma (OS) has not improved in two decades. Advances will depend in part on the development of clinically relevant and reliable animal models. This report describes the engineering and validation of a humanized tissue-engineered bone organ (hTEBO) for preclinical research on primary bone tumors in order to minimize false-positive and false-negative results due to interspecies differences in current xenograft models. METHODS Pelvic bone and marrow fragments were harvested from patients during reaming of the acetabulum during hip arthroplasty. HTEBOs were engineered by embedding fragments in a fibrin matrix containing bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and implanted into NOD-scid mice. After 10 weeks of subcutaneous growth, one group of hTEBOs was harvested to analyze the degree of humanization. A second group was injected with human luciferase-labeled OS (Luc-SAOS-2) cells. Tumor growth was followed in vivo with bioluminescence imaging. After 5 weeks, the OS tumors were harvested and analyzed. They were also compared with tumors created via intratibial injection. RESULTS After 10 weeks of in vivo growth, a new bone organ containing human bone matrix as well as viable and functional human hematopoietic cells developed. Five weeks after injection of Luc-SAOS-2 cells into this humanized bone microenvironment, spontaneous metastatic spread to the lung was evident. Relevant prognostic markers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and periostin were found to be positive in OS tumors grown within the humanized microenvironment but not in tumors created in murine tibial bones. Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-2α (HIF-2α) was detected only in the humanized OS. CONCLUSIONS We report an in vivo model that contains human bone matrix and marrow components in one organ. BMP-7 made it possible to maintain viable mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells and created a bone microenvironment mimicking human physiology. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This novel platform enables preclinical research on primary bone tumors in order to test new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Wagner
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia Department of Orthopedics, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, University of Regensburg, Bad Abbach, Germany Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris M Holzapfel
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laure Thibaudeau
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Melanie Straub
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinic Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ming-Tat Ling
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, at Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Joachim Grifka
- Department of Orthopedics, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, University of Regensburg, Bad Abbach, Germany
| | - Daniela Loessner
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Lévesque
- Stem Cell Biology Group-Blood and Bone Diseases Program, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Shi K, Lan RL, Tao X, Wu CY, Hong HF, Lin JH. Vitronectin significantly influences prognosis in osteosarcoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:11364-11371. [PMID: 26617861 PMCID: PMC4637677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vitronectin (Vn), a multifunctional adhesive protein, is found in association with tumor progression, angiogenesis and metastasis in a variety of (human) tumors. But no studies concerning its correlation to osteosarcoma prognosis were found. Hence, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of Vitronectin (Vn) in osteosarcoma. Here, we studied the expression of VN in the tumor tissues from 67 patients with osteosarcoma and 20 patients with osteochondroma using immunohistochemistry and estimated the effects of VN expression in osteosarcoma on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using the Kaplan-Meier curve and COX proportional hazards regression model. Increased expression of VN in osteosarcoma tissue compared to no VN expression in osteochondroma tissue was shown in immunohistochemical assay. No associations were observed between VN expression and osteosarcoma patients' gender (P = 0.675), age (P = 0.813), tumor size (P = 0.436), histologic subtype (P = 0.0.543) or tumor location (P = 0.456). Univariate survival analysis demonstrated significant correlations of high VN expression with shorter PFS (P = 0.002) and OS (P = 0.001); multivariate survival analysis revealed high VN expression as a significant independent prognostic indicator for shorter PFS (HR 2.788, P = 0.003) and OS (HR2.817, P = 0.003). In conclusion, the high expression of VN in tumor cells independently indicated poor clinical prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma, other than large tumor size and non-neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, suggesting that VN may serve as a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Long Lan
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Tao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Yang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Feng Hong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005, P. R. China
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