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Shen H, Fu L, Cai Y, Zhu K, Chen X. Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) exerts cytotoxic effects on leydig cells via the ER stress/JNK/β-trcp/mcl-1 axis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114678. [PMID: 38643823 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) is an alternative to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and is widely used in various industries. The effects of HFPO-TA on the male reproductive system and the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this study, TM3 mouse Leydig cells were used as the main model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of HFPO-TA in vitro. HFPO-TA inhibited the viability and expression of multiple biomarkers of Leydig cells. HFPO-TA also induced Leydig cell apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner. Moreover, HFPO-TA induced the ubiquitination and degradation of Mcl-1 in a β-TrCP-dependent manner. Further investigations showed that HFPO-TA treatment led to the upregulation of ROS, which activated the ER stress/JNK/β-TrCP axis in Leydig cells. Overall, our study provides novel insights into the cytotoxic effects of HFPO-TA on the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Shen
- Department of Traditonal Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lingling Fu
- Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yili Cai
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Keqi Zhu
- Department of Traditonal Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Traditonal Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Vatte S, Ugale R. HIF-1, an important regulator in potential new therapeutic approaches to ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2023; 170:105605. [PMID: 37657765 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide due to the narrow therapeutic window of the only approved therapies like intravenous thrombolysis and thrombectomy. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a sensitive regulator of oxygen homeostasis, and its expression is rapidly induced after hypoxia/ischemia. It plays an extensive role in the pathophysiology of stroke by regulating multiple pathways including glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, neuronal survival, neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier regulation. Here, we give a brief overview of the HIF-1α-targeting strategies currently under investigation and summarise recent research on how HIF-1α is regulated in various brain cells, including neurons and microglia, at various stages in ischemic stroke. The roles of HIF-1 in stroke varies with ischemic time and degree of ischemia, are still up for debate. More focus has been placed on prospective HIF-1α targeting drugs, such as HIF-1α activator, HIF-1α stabilizers, and natural compounds. In this review, we have highlighted the regulation of HIF-1α in the novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vatte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
| | - Rajesh Ugale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
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3
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Lee C, Lee S, Park E, Hong J, Shin DY, Byun JM, Yun H, Koh Y, Yoon SS. Transcriptional signatures of the BCL2 family for individualized acute myeloid leukaemia treatment. Genome Med 2022; 14:111. [PMID: 36171613 PMCID: PMC9520894 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although anti-apoptotic proteins of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) family have been utilized as therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), their complicated regulatory networks make individualized therapy difficult. This study aimed to discover the transcriptional signatures of BCL2 family genes that reflect regulatory dynamics, which can guide individualized therapeutic strategies. Methods From three AML RNA-seq cohorts (BeatAML, LeuceGene, and TCGA; n = 451, 437, and 179, respectively), we constructed the BCL2 family signatures (BFSigs) by applying an innovative gene-set selection method reflecting biological knowledge followed by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). To demonstrate the significance of the BFSigs, we conducted modelling to predict response to BCL2 family inhibitors, clustering, and functional enrichment analysis. Cross-platform validity of BFSigs was also confirmed using NanoString technology in a separate cohort of 47 patients. Results We established BFSigs labeled as the BCL2, MCL1/BCL2, and BFL1/MCL1 signatures that identify key anti-apoptotic proteins. Unsupervised clustering based on BFSig information consistently classified AML patients into three robust subtypes across different AML cohorts, implying the existence of biological entities revealed by the BFSig approach. Interestingly, each subtype has distinct enrichment patterns of major cancer pathways, including MAPK and mTORC1, which propose subtype-specific combination treatment with apoptosis modulating drugs. The BFSig-based classifier also predicted response to venetoclax with remarkable performance (area under the ROC curve, AUROC = 0.874), which was well-validated in an independent cohort (AUROC = 0.950). Lastly, we successfully confirmed the validity of BFSigs using NanoString technology. Conclusions This study proposes BFSigs as a biomarker for the effective selection of apoptosis targeting treatments and cancer pathways to co-target in AML. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13073-022-01115-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansub Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyoung Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunchae Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junshik Hong
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeop Shin
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Min Byun
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongseok Yun
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngil Koh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Burn-Associated Acute Kidney Injury-A New Paradigm? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052470. [PMID: 35269613 PMCID: PMC8910144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
O2 deprivation induces stress in living cells linked to free-radical accumulation and oxidative stress (OS) development. Hypoxia is established when the overall oxygen pressure is less than 40 mmHg in cells or tissues. However, tissues and cells have different degrees of hypoxia. Hypoxia or low O2 tension may be present in both physiological (during embryonic development) and pathological circumstances (ischemia, wound healing, and cancer). Meanwhile, the kidneys are major energy-consuming organs, being second only to the heart, with an increased mitochondrial content and O2 consumption. Furthermore, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the key players that orchestrate the mammalian response to hypoxia. HIFs adapt cells to low oxygen concentrations by regulating transcriptional programs involved in erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, and metabolism. On the other hand, one of the life-threatening complications of severe burns is acute kidney injury (AKI). The dreaded functional consequence of AKI is an acute decline in renal function. Taking all these aspects into consideration, the aim of this review is to describe the role and underline the importance of HIFs in the development of AKI in patients with severe burns, because kidney hypoxia is constant in the presence of severe burns, and HIFs are major players in the adaptative response of all tissues to hypoxia.
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Mitroshina EV, Savyuk MO, Ponimaskin E, Vedunova MV. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) in Ischemic Stroke and Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:703084. [PMID: 34395432 PMCID: PMC8355741 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.703084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common pathological conditions, which can be induced by multiple events, including ischemic injury, trauma, inflammation, tumors, etc. The body's adaptation to hypoxia is a highly important phenomenon in both health and disease. Most cellular responses to hypoxia are associated with a family of transcription factors called hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which induce the expression of a wide range of genes that help cells adapt to a hypoxic environment. Basic mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia, and particularly HIF functions, have being extensively studied over recent decades, leading to the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Based on their pivotal physiological importance, HIFs are attracting increasing attention as a new potential target for treating a large number of hypoxia-associated diseases. Most of the experimental work related to HIFs has focused on roles in the liver and kidney. However, increasing evidence clearly demonstrates that HIF-based responses represent an universal adaptation mechanism in all tissue types, including the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, HIFs are critically involved in the regulation of neurogenesis, nerve cell differentiation, and neuronal apoptosis. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the complex role of HIF-1 in the adaptation of neurons and glia cells to hypoxia, with a focus on its potential involvement into various neuronal pathologies and on its possible role as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Mitroshina
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria O. Savyuk
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Maria V. Vedunova
- Department of Neurotechnologe, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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El-Khashab IH. Antiangiogenic and Proapoptotic Activities of Atorvastatin and Ganoderma lucidum in Tumor Mouse Model via VEGF and Caspase-3 Pathways. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:1095-1104. [PMID: 33906301 PMCID: PMC8325138 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.4.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The statin drug Atorvastatin (AT) used for cholesterol reduction and Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) mushroom extract exhibited satisfactory antitumor activities towards various types of cancer. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to evaluate the apoptotic and antiangiogenic effects of Atorvastatin and/or Ganoderma lucidum against Ehrlich solid tumor inoculated in female mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Atorvastatin (AT) or/and Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) extract were administered to mice bearing tumor alternatively for 28 days after 10 days of tumor cells inoculation. Mice were divided into 5 equal groups as follows: Control (C): Normal mice, Ehrlich (E): mice injected in thigh with EAC cells, (E+AT): mice bearing solid tumor that received an intraperitoneal dose of Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg). Group (4): (E+Gl): mice bearing solid tumor that received an oral dose of Ganoderma lucidum (28 mg/kg) Group (5): (E+AT+Gl): mice bearing solid tumor that received intraperitoneal dose of Atorvastatin and oral dose of Ganoderma lucidum. RESULTS showed that administration of Atorvastatin and/or Ganoderma lucidum to mice bearing tumor, reduced tumor size, increased MDA level and decreased GSH, SOD and CAT levels in tumor tissues. Histopathological study showed high attenuation in tumor cells associated with antiangiogenesis illustrated by extravasation of blood vessels between tumor cells. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated high reduction of the angiogenic marker Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with remarkable increase of the apoptotic protein markers cytochrome-c and caspase-3. Conclusion: Atorvastatin and Ganoderma lucidum may have anticancer, apoptotic and antiangiogenic activities by reducing tumor growth in Ehrlich solid tumor. Their antitumor effect is exerted through the antiangiogenesis effect in tumor cells which is confirmed by the decrease of the angiogenic marker (VEGF protein) as well as by inducing significant increase in the apoptotic protein markers cytochrome-c and caspase-3. It is noticeable that the antitumor activity is ameliorated by the combination of the two treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Hesham El-Khashab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Qiu Y, Huang X, He W. The regulatory role of HIF-1 in tubular epithelial cells in response to kidney injury. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:321-330. [PMID: 31691948 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The high sensitivity to changes in oxygen tension makes kidney vulnerable to hypoxia. Both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are almost always accompanied by hypoxia. Tubular epithelial cells (TECs), the dominant intrinsic cells in kidney tissue, are believed to be not only a victim in the pathological process of various kidney diseases, but also a major contributor to kidney damage. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the main regulator of adaptive response of cells to hypoxia. Under various clinical and experimental kidney disease conditions, HIF-1 plays a pivotal role in modulating multiple cellular processes in TECs, including apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, metabolic pattern alteration, and cell cycle arrest. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which HIF-1 regulates these cellular processes in TECs may help identify potential therapeutic targets to improve the outcome of acute kidney injury and delay the progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Qiu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weichun He
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Meyenberg Cunha-de Padua M, Noleto GR, de Oliveira Petkowicz CL, Cadena SMSC, Bost F, Pouysségur J, Mazure NM. Hypoxia protects against the cell death triggered by oxovanadium-galactomannan complexes in HepG2 cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:18. [PMID: 30949212 PMCID: PMC6421655 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polysaccharides from various sources have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The beneficial pharmacological effects of plant-derived polysaccharides include anti-tumor activity. METHODS Here, we evaluated the anti-cancer effect of the MSAGM:VO complex under hypoxic conditions (1% oxygen). MSAGM:VO is a complex of the hydrolysate of galactomannan (MSAGM) from Schizolobium amazonicum with oxovanadium (IV/V). The hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line HepG2 was selected as HCC are one of the most hypoxic solid tumors. RESULTS Our results showed that the strong apoptotic activity of MSAGM:VO observed in HepG2 cells under normoxic conditions was completely lost under hypoxic conditions. We found a dynamic balance between the pro- and anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 protein family. The expressions of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 and Bcl-XL increased in hypoxia, whereas the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax decreased. MSAGM:VO strongly induced autophagy, which was previously characterized as a pro-survival mechanism in hypoxia. These results demonstrate total elimination of the anti-cancer activity of MSAGM:VO with activation of autophagy under conditions of hypoxia. CONCLUSION Although this study is a proof-of-concept of the impact of hypoxia on the potential of polysaccharides, further study is encouraged. The anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides could be achieved in normoxia or through raising the activity of the immune system. In addition, combination strategies for therapy with anti-autophagic drugs could be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Meyenberg Cunha-de Padua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave. de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
- Present Address: INSERM U1065, C3M, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice Cedex 03, France
| | | | | | | | - Frédéric Bost
- Present Address: INSERM U1065, C3M, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice Cedex 03, France
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave. de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Nathalie M. Mazure
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Ave. de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
- Present Address: INSERM U1065, C3M, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice Cedex 03, France
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Palladino MA, Fasano GA, Patel D, Dugan C, London M. Effects of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation on hypoxia and inflammatory gene expression pathways of the rat testis. Basic Clin Androl 2018; 28:14. [PMID: 30473791 PMCID: PMC6238406 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-018-0079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial infection and inflammation of the testis impairs fertility, yet an understanding of inflammatory responses of the testis is incomplete. We are interested in identifying gene pathways involved in the detection and clearance of infectious microbes in the male reproductive tract. In previous studies in our lab focused on hypoxia-responsive genes of the testis, preliminary experiments suggested that genes classically categorized as hypoxia genes are also activated during antimicrobial responses. The purpose of this study was to identify hypoxia and inflammatory gene pathways that contribute to antimicrobial protection of the testis and to consider possible cross-talk and interactions between these pathways. Inflammation was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using P. aeruginosa or E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) protein and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were measured, and hypoxia and inflammatory gene expression patterns in testis were analyzed by gene expression profiling using real-time quantitative PCR arrays. Results In LPS-treated rats, HIF-1α protein increased with no change in Hif-1α mRNA. Western Blot analysis also demonstrated no change in NF-κB and inhibitory NFKB alpha (IκBα) protein levels following LPS treatment. Five hypoxia pathway genes (Angptl4, Egr1, Ier3, Pai1, and Glut1), and 11 inflammatory pathway genes (Ccl12, Cc13, Cd14, Cxcl10, Icam1, Il10, Il1b, Il6, Nfkbia, Tlr2, Tnf) up-regulated after 3 h of inflammation. Angptl4, Ccl12, Cc13, Cd14, Egr1, Nfkbia, Tlr2, and Tnf remained elevated at 6 h. Six genes were up-regulated at 6 h only (Bhlhe40, C3, Jak2, Nlrp3, Slc11a1, Tlr1). One gene (Tlr5) was down-regulated after 3 h and no genes at 6 h. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay results suggest a decrease in NF-κB binding activity following LPS treatment. Conclusions Testicular HIF-1α is up-regulated following LPS-induced inflammation. In contrast to other tissues, in which HIF-1α is up-regulated through transcriptional activation via NF-κB, we conclude that HIF-1α in the testis is not up-regulated through an increase in Hif-1α mRNA or through NF-κB-dependent mechanisms. Hypoxia pathway genes and genes involved in Toll-like receptor (TLR) and cytokine-mediated signaling comprise major functional categories of up-regulated genes, demonstrating that both hypoxia and classic inflammatory pathways are involved in inflammatory responses of the testis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12610-018-0079-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dharm Patel
- Monmouth University, 400 Cedar Avenue, West Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA
| | - Christine Dugan
- Monmouth University, 400 Cedar Avenue, West Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA
| | - Marie London
- Monmouth University, 400 Cedar Avenue, West Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA
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Zhou J, Qian CY, Tong RQ, Wang B, Chen XL, Zhuang YY, Xia F, He Q, Lv JX. Hypoxia induces apoptosis of mouse spermatocyte GC-2 cells through activation of autophagy. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1124-1131. [PMID: 29660204 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Chun-Ya Qian
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Rui-Qing Tong
- Reproductive Medicine Center; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Xue-Lei Chen
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhuang
- Reproductive Medicine Center; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Fei Xia
- Reproductive Medicine Center; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Qi He
- Reproductive Medicine Center; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
| | - Jin-Xing Lv
- Reproductive Medicine Center; The First Affiliated Hospital of SooChow University; SuZhou 215006 China
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11
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Antitumor effects of cyclin dependent kinase 9 inhibition in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28696-28710. [PMID: 28404924 PMCID: PMC5438684 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Role of cyclin dependent kinase 9(CDK9) as a potential target in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is unknown. We investigated CDK9 protein expression in EAC and Barrett's esophagus and role of CDK9 in oncogenic processes of EAC in vitro and in murine xenografts. The CDK9 expression was significantly higher in EAC as compared to Barrett's esophagus in patient samples. Stable shCDK9 in SKGT4 reduced proliferation by 37% at day 4, increased apoptosis at 48 hours and induced G1 cell cycle arrest at 48 hours (58.4% vs. 45.8%) compared to controls SKGT4 cells. SKGT4-shCDK9 cell-derived tumors were significantly smaller than control SKGT4-derived tumors in xenografts (72.89mm3 vs. 270mm3). Pharmaceutical inhibition of CDK9 by Flavopiridol (0.1µm for 48 hours) and CAN508 (20 and 40µm for 72 hours) induced significant reduction in proliferation and 2-fold increase in apoptosis in SKGT4, FLO1 and OE33 cells. In xenograft models, CAN508 (60 mg/kg/dayx10 days) and Flavopiridol (4mg/kg/dayx10 days) caused 50.8% and 63.1% reduction in xenograft tumors as compared to control on post-treatment day 21. Reduction of MCL-1 and phosphorylated RNA polymerase II was observed with transient shCDK9 in SKGT4 cells but not with stable shCDK9. CAN508 (20 and 40 µm) and Flavopiridol (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 µm) for 4 hours showed reduction in MCL-1 mRNA (84% and 96%) and protein. Mcl-1 overexpression conferred resistance to Flavopiridol (0.2 µm or 0.4 µm for 48 hours) and CAN 508 (20 or 40µm for 72 hours). Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated significant reduction of binding of transcriptional factor HIF-1α to MCL-1 promoter in FLO-1 cells by CDK9 inhibitors.
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Yin J, Ni B, Liao WG, Gao YQ. Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of mouse spermatocytes is mediated by HIF-1α through a death receptor pathway and a mitochondrial pathway. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1146-1155. [PMID: 28444885 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia in vivo induces oligozoospermia, azoospermia, and degeneration of the germinal epithelium, but the underlying molecular mechanism of this induction is not fully clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the death receptor pathway and the mitochondrial pathway in hypoxia-induced apoptosis of mouse GC-2spd (GC-2) cells and the relationship between HIF-1α and apoptosis of GC-2 cells induced by hypoxia. GC-2 cells were subjected to 1% oxygen for 48 hr. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, TUNEL staining, LDH, caspase-3/8/9 in the absence and presence of HIF-1α siRNA. The protein levels of apoptosis-related markers were determined by Western blot in the presence and absence of HIF-1α siRNA. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential change was observed by in situ JC-1 staining. Cell viability was assessed upon treatment of caspase-8 and 9 inhibitors. The results indicated that hypoxia at 1% oxygen for 48 hr induced apoptosis of GC-2 cells. A prolonged exposure of GC-2 cells to hypoxic conditions caused downregulation of c-FLIP, Dc R2 and Bcl-2 and upregulation of DR5 , TRAIL, Fas, p53, and Bax, with an overproduction of caspase-3/8/9. Moreover, hypoxia at this level had an effect on mitochondrial depolarization. In addition, specific inhibitors of caspase-8/9 partially suppressed hypoxia-induced GC-2 cell apoptosis, and the anti-apoptotic effects of the caspase inhibitors were additive. Of note, HIF-1α knockdown attenuated hypoxia and induced apoptosis of GC-2 cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that the death receptor pathway and mitochondrial pathway, which are likely mediated by HIF-1α, contribute to hypoxia-induced GC-2 cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment Medicine (Third Military Medical University), Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment Medicine (Third Military Medical University), Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wei-Gong Liao
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment Medicine (Third Military Medical University), Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environment Medicine (Third Military Medical University), Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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13
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Guang-Yu L, Hai-Yan L, Ji-Hong L, Yun-Cong M, Xue-Lian D, Chun-Yu L, Wen-Yong S. MCL1 is a key regulator of steroidogenesis in mouse Leydig cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:226-35. [PMID: 26995740 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Guang-Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Lan Hai-Yan
- Oncological Internal Medicine; People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Automous Region; Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Liang Ji-Hong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Mo Yun-Cong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Deng Xue-Lian
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Lin Chun-Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Su Wen-Yong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University; Guangxi P. R. China
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14
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Abstract
Eukaryotic life depends largely on molecular oxygen. During evolution, ingenious mechanisms have evolved that allow organisms to adapt when oxygen levels decrease. Many of these adaptional responses to low oxygen are orchestrated by the heterodimeric transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Here, we review the link between HIF and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ataman Sendoel
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency most commonly seen in adolescence, involving a decrease in blood flow in the testis resulting from torsion of the spermatic cord that can result in gonad injury or even loss if not treated in time. Testicular ischaemia-reperfusion injury represents the principle pathophysiology of testicular torsion, with ischaemia caused by twisting of the spermatic cord, and reperfusion on its subsequent release. Many cellular and molecular mechanisms are involved in ischaemia-reperfusion injury following testicular torsion. Studies have investigated the use of pharmacological agents as supportive therapy to surgical repair in order to prevent the adverse effects of testicular torsion. Numerous substances have been proposed as important in the prevention of post-ischaemia-reperfusion testicular injury. A range of chemicals and drugs has been successfully tested in animal models for the purpose of mitigating the dangerous effects of ischaemia-reperfusion in testis torsion.
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