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Huang J, Zeng F, Yi H, Wan L, Xu Q. tsRNA-3043a intensifies apoptosis and senescence of ovarian granulosa cells to drive premature ovarian failure by targeting FLT1. J Mol Histol 2024:10.1007/s10735-024-10256-8. [PMID: 39343854 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) represents the pathological aging of the ovary. The tRNA-derived small fragments (tsRNAs) play significant roles in diseases; however, whether tsRNAs are involved in POF remains unknown. The cell and mice models of POF were established, and the tsRNAs profile in the ovarian tissues of POF mice was revealed through sequencing. The functions of tsRNA-3043a and its target gene FLT1 in POF cells and mice were detected. POF mice were characterized by a decreased number of normal follicles, ovarian weight, SOD level, and serum contents of E2, LH, and FSH. A total of 81 tsRNAs were aberrantly expressed in the ovarian tissue of POF mice. The expression of tsRNA-3043a was up-regulated in POF mice. tsRNA-3043a mimics inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis, lipid accumulation, and cellular senescence of ovarian granulosa KGN cells, as well as altered the transcriptome. tsRNA-3043a inhibitor had the opposite effect. tsRNA-3043a targets and binds to FLT1. Overexpression of FLT1 protected KGN cells from pathological aging. tsRNA-3043a promotes the progression of POF by inhibiting FLT1 in vitro and in vivo. tsRNA-3043a targets FLT1 and promotes apoptosis and senescence of ovarian granulosa cells, leading to the progression of POF. This study provides a new target for pharmacological intervention in POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhen Huang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fang Zeng
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongxia Yi
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lixia Wan
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinggang Xu
- Department of Urological Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 90 Fuzhou Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330046, Jiangxi, China.
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Kinghorn K, Gill A, Marvin A, Li R, Quigley K, Singh S, Gore MT, le Noble F, Gabhann FM, Bautch VL. A defined clathrin-mediated trafficking pathway regulates sFLT1/VEGFR1 secretion from endothelial cells. Angiogenesis 2024; 27:67-89. [PMID: 37695358 PMCID: PMC10881643 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
FLT1/VEGFR1 negatively regulates VEGF-A signaling and is required for proper vessel morphogenesis during vascular development and vessel homeostasis. Although a soluble isoform, sFLT1, is often mis-regulated in disease and aging, how sFLT1 is trafficked and secreted from endothelial cells is not well understood. Here we define requirements for constitutive sFLT1 trafficking and secretion in endothelial cells from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, and we show that sFLT1 secretion requires clathrin at or near the Golgi. Perturbations that affect sFLT1 trafficking blunted endothelial cell secretion and promoted intracellular mis-localization in cells and zebrafish embryos. siRNA-mediated depletion of specific trafficking components revealed requirements for RAB27A, VAMP3, and STX3 for post-Golgi vesicle trafficking and sFLT1 secretion, while STX6, ARF1, and AP1 were required at the Golgi. Live-imaging of temporally controlled sFLT1 release from the endoplasmic reticulum showed clathrin-dependent sFLT1 trafficking at the Golgi into secretory vesicles that then trafficked to the plasma membrane. Depletion of STX6 altered vessel sprouting in 3D, suggesting that endothelial cell sFLT1 secretion influences proper vessel sprouting. Thus, specific trafficking components provide a secretory path from the Golgi to the plasma membrane for sFLT1 in endothelial cells that utilizes a specialized clathrin-dependent intermediate, suggesting novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kinghorn
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amy Gill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allison Marvin
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB No. 3280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Renee Li
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB No. 3280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Quigley
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB No. 3280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Simcha Singh
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB No. 3280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Michaelanthony T Gore
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB No. 3280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Feilim Mac Gabhann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Victoria L Bautch
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB No. 3280, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Kinghorn K, Gill A, Marvin A, Li R, Quigley K, le Noble F, Mac Gabhann F, Bautch VL. A defined clathrin-mediated trafficking pathway regulates sFLT1/VEGFR1 secretion from endothelial cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.525517. [PMID: 36747809 PMCID: PMC9900880 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.525517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
FLT1/VEGFR1 negatively regulates VEGF-A signaling and is required for proper vessel morphogenesis during vascular development and vessel homeostasis. Although a soluble isoform, sFLT1, is often mis-regulated in disease and aging, how sFLT1 is trafficked and secreted from endothelial cells is not well understood. Here we define requirements for constitutive sFLT1 trafficking and secretion in endothelial cells from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, and we show that sFLT1 secretion requires clathrin at or near the Golgi. Perturbations that affect sFLT1 trafficking blunted endothelial cell secretion and promoted intracellular mis-localization in cells and zebrafish embryos. siRNA-mediated depletion of specific trafficking components revealed requirements for RAB27A, VAMP3, and STX3 for post-Golgi vesicle trafficking and sFLT1 secretion, while STX6, ARF1, and AP1 were required at the Golgi. Depletion of STX6 altered vessel sprouting in a 3D angiogenesis model, indicating that endothelial cell sFLT1 secretion is important for proper vessel sprouting. Thus, specific trafficking components provide a secretory path from the Golgi to the plasma membrane for sFLT1 in endothelial cells that utilizes a specialized clathrin-dependent intermediate, suggesting novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kinghorn
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Amy Gill
- Institute for Computational Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Allison Marvin
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Renee Li
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Kaitlyn Quigley
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Zoology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Feilim Mac Gabhann
- Institute for Computational Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Victoria L Bautch
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC USA
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4
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Scotti L, Abramovich D, Pascuali N, de Zúñiga I, Oubiña A, Kopcow L, Lange S, Owen G, Tesone M, Parborell F. Involvement of the ANGPTs/Tie-2 system in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 365:223-30. [PMID: 23123737 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a disorder associated with ovarian stimulation. OHSS features are ovarian enlargement with fluid shifting to the third space. Disturbances in the vasculature are considered the main changes that lead to OHSS. Our aim was to analyze the levels of angiopoietins 1 and 2 (ANGPT1 and 2) and their soluble and membrane receptors (s/mTie-2) in follicular fluid (FF) and in granulosa-lutein cells culture (GLCs) from women at risk of developing OHSS. We also evaluated the effect of ANGPT1 on endothelial cell migration. In ovaries from an OHSS rat model, we analyzed the protein concentration of ANGPTs, their mTie-2 receptor, and platelet-derived growth factor PDGF-B, -D and PDGFR-β. ANGPT1 levels were increased in both FF and GLCs from women at risk of OHSS. Incubation of these FF with an ANGPT1 neutralizing antibody decreased endothelial cell migration. In the ovaries of OHSS rat model, mTie-2 protein levels increased and PDGF-B and -D decreased. In summary, these results suggest that ANGPT1 could be another mediator in the development of OHSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldina Scotti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Sado T, Naruse K, Noguchi T, Haruta S, Yoshida S, Tanase Y, Kitanaka T, Oi H, Kobayashi H. Inflammatory pattern recognition receptors and their ligands: factors contributing to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Inflamm Res 2011; 60:509-20. [PMID: 21380737 PMCID: PMC7095834 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-011-0319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Problem Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific hypertensive syndrome, is one of the leading causes of premature births as well as fetal and maternal death. Preeclampsia lacks effective therapies because of the poor understanding of disease pathogenesis. The aim of this paper is to review molecular signaling pathways that could be responsible for the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Method of study This article reviews the English-language literature for pathogenesis and pathophysiological mechanisms of preeclampsia based on genome-wide gene expression profiling and proteomic studies. Results We show that the expression of the genes and proteins involved in response to stress, host-pathogen interactions, immune system, inflammation, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, growth and tissue remodeling was increased in preeclampsia. Several significant common pathways observed in preeclampsia overlap the datasets identified in TLR (Toll-like receptor)- and RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products)-dependent signaling pathways. Placental oxidative stress and subsequent chronic inflammation are considered to be major contributors to the development of preeclampsia. Conclusion This review summarizes recent advances in TLR- and RAGE-mediated signaling and the target molecules, and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Sado
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
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Opposing roles for HIF-1α and HIF-2α in the regulation of angiogenesis by mononuclear phagocytes. Blood 2010; 117:323-32. [PMID: 20952691 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-01-261792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages contribute to tumor growth through the secretion of the proangiogenic molecule vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We previously observed that monocytes treated with the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) produce a soluble form of the VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1), which neutralizes VEGF biologic activity. The VEGF and VEGFR-1 promoters both contain a hypoxia regulatory element, which binds the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors under hypoxic conditions. Based on this observation, we examined VEGF and sVEGFR-1 production from monocytes cultured at various O(2) concentrations. The amount of sVEGFR-1 production observed from GM-CSF-treated monocytes increased with decreasing levels of O(2). This sVEGFR-1 was biologically active and sequestered VEGF. To evaluate the role of the HIFs in sVEGFR-1 production, we used macrophages with a genetic deletion of HIF-1α. HIF-1α(-/-) macrophages cultured with GM-CSF at hypoxia secreted diminished amounts of VEGF compared with HIF-1α(+/+) macrophages, whereas sVEGFR-1 secretion was unaffected. In contrast, siRNA-mediated knockdown of HIF-2α inhibited the production of sVEGFR-1 in response to GM-CSF and low O(2), whereas VEGF production was unaffected. These studies suggest that hypoxia, generally thought to promote angiogenesis, can induce antiangiogenic behavior from macrophages within a GM-CSF-rich environment. Furthermore, these results suggest specific and independent roles for HIF-1α and HIF-2α in hypoxic macrophages.
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Gould PS, Gu M, Liao J, Ahmad S, Cudmore MJ, Ahmed A, Vatish M. Upregulation of Urotensin II Receptor in Preeclampsia Causes In Vitro Placental Release of Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 in Hypoxia. Hypertension 2010; 56:172-8. [PMID: 20479331 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.152074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip S. Gould
- From the Clinical Sciences Research Institute (P.S.G., M.G., J.L., M.V.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Albert Einstein College of Medicine (M.V.), Bronx, NY; Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Institute of Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Birmingham Women’s Hospital (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United
| | - Mei Gu
- From the Clinical Sciences Research Institute (P.S.G., M.G., J.L., M.V.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Albert Einstein College of Medicine (M.V.), Bronx, NY; Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Institute of Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Birmingham Women’s Hospital (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United
| | - Jianqin Liao
- From the Clinical Sciences Research Institute (P.S.G., M.G., J.L., M.V.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Albert Einstein College of Medicine (M.V.), Bronx, NY; Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Institute of Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Birmingham Women’s Hospital (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United
| | - Shakil Ahmad
- From the Clinical Sciences Research Institute (P.S.G., M.G., J.L., M.V.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Albert Einstein College of Medicine (M.V.), Bronx, NY; Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Institute of Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Birmingham Women’s Hospital (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United
| | - Melissa J. Cudmore
- From the Clinical Sciences Research Institute (P.S.G., M.G., J.L., M.V.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Albert Einstein College of Medicine (M.V.), Bronx, NY; Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Institute of Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Birmingham Women’s Hospital (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United
| | - Asif Ahmed
- From the Clinical Sciences Research Institute (P.S.G., M.G., J.L., M.V.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Albert Einstein College of Medicine (M.V.), Bronx, NY; Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Institute of Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Birmingham Women’s Hospital (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United
| | - Manu Vatish
- From the Clinical Sciences Research Institute (P.S.G., M.G., J.L., M.V.), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom; Albert Einstein College of Medicine (M.V.), Bronx, NY; Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Institute of Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Birmingham Women’s Hospital (S.A., M.J.C., A.A.), Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, United
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Bruegmann E, Gruemmer R, Neulen J, Motejlek K. Regulation of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 secretion from human endothelial cells by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1. Mol Hum Reprod 2009; 15:749-56. [PMID: 19584194 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gap053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its soluble receptor (sVEGFR-1) are key regulators in human ovarian angiogenesis. Produced by granulosa and ovarian theca interna cells, VEGF promotes blood vessel growth during follicular development and corpus luteum formation, whereas sVEGFR-1, which is secreted by endothelial cells, functions as an antagonist to VEGF activity by binding it. In order to gain further insights into the regulatory mechanisms of ovarian angiogenesis, the aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), which is actively involved in the degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, on sVEGFR-1 secretion of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. sVEGFR-1 production was determined in the culture supernatant by Sandwich-ELISA. We showed that TIMP-1 produced by human granulosa cells and recombinant human TIMP-1 both significantly increased the production of sVEGFR-1 in endothelial cells. Also, the down-regulation of TIMP-1 expression by RNA interference resulted in a significant reduction of endothelial sVEGFR-1 secretion into the culture medium. Furthermore, TIMP-1 weakly inhibited proliferation of VEGF-stimulated endothelial cells. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that TIMP-1 increases the production of sVEGFR-1 in endothelial cells and thus may reduce VEGF bioavailability, leading to reduced blood vessel growth in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bruegmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Rodewald M, Herr D, Duncan WC, Fraser HM, Hack G, Konrad R, Gagsteiger F, Kreienberg R, Wulff C. Molecular mechanisms of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: paracrine reduction of endothelial claudin 5 by hCG in vitro is associated with increased endothelial permeability. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:1191-9. [PMID: 19168871 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of ovarian stimulation associated with severe vascular hyperpermeability. Primary co-cultures of human luteinized granulosa cells (LGCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used as a model of steroidgenic/endothelial cell interaction in OHSS. METHODS hCG and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, Flt-1Fc, were added to co-cultures of LGCs and HUVECs separated by a micropore membrane. Endothelial permeability to labeled bovine serum albumin was measured and the expression of the endothelial cell-specific adhesion protein claudin 5 was investigated using immunocytochemistry and western blotting. RESULTS The addition of hCG increased HUVEC permeability in the presence of LGCs (P < 0.05). hCG increased VEGF concentrations in both chambers of the co-culture system (P < 0.05). The increased permeability in the presence of LGCs and hCG was inhibited when VEGF was blocked by Flt-1Fc (P < 0.05). Endothelial membrane claudin 5 protein was reduced in the presence of hCG and LGCs, as measured by immunocytochemistry (P < 0.05) and western blotting (P < 0.05) and this reduction was inhibited by Flt-1Fc. hCG had no direct effects on endothelial cell claudin 5. CONCLUSIONS For OHSS, this novel paradigm suggests that hCG can increase endothelial permeability by up-regulating VEGF in LGCs which causes reduction in endothelial claudin 5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rodewald
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany
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Giovanni Artini P, Monteleone P, Parisen Toldin MR, Matteucci C, Ruggiero M, Cela V, Genazzani AR. Growth factors and folliculogenesis in polycystic ovary patients. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2007; 2:215-223. [PMID: 30754182 DOI: 10.1586/17446651.2.2.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian folliculogenesis is regulated by a fine balance between endocrine and intraovarian factors. In this review, we focus on the role of growth factors in physiological folliculogenesis and in polycystic ovaries. Recent evidence shows that the main systems implicated in polycystic ovary folliculogenesis are the growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor system, vascular endothelial growth factor, and the transforming growth factor-β family. Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system could affect follicular development and oocyte maturation if their balance was altered, while vascular endothelial growth factor is implied in follicular dominance by providing an increasing vascular supply. The transforming growth factor-β family is composed of various molecules, which have different roles in cellular proliferation. Finally, a series of different factors seem to be involved in altered polycystic ovary follicular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giovanni Artini
- a University of Pisa, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, S. Chiara Hospital, Via Roma 56, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Monteleone
- b Department of Reproductive Medicine & Child Development, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Parisen Toldin
- c Department of Reproductive Medicine & Child Development, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Cristiana Matteucci
- d Department of Reproductive Medicine & Child Development, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria Ruggiero
- e Department of Reproductive Medicine & Child Development, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Vito Cela
- f Department of Reproductive Medicine & Child Development, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Riccardo Genazzani
- g Department of Reproductive Medicine & Child Development, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Inzunza J, Morani A, Cheng G, Warner M, Hreinsson J, Gustafsson JÅ, Hovatta O. Ovarian wedge resection restores fertility in estrogen receptor beta knockout (ERbeta-/-) mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 104:600-5. [PMID: 17197418 PMCID: PMC1766431 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608951103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovulation rarely occurs in mice in which the estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) gene has been inactivated (ERbeta-/- mice). Here, we investigated whether this subfertility is due to a defect in the ovary itself or to more general endocrine changes in ERbeta-/- mice. We transplanted ERbeta-/- ovaries into WT mice and WT ovaries into ERbeta-/- mice. Upon mating with ERbeta-/- males, fertility increased from 20% in control intact ERbeta-/- group to 40% in the WT recipients with ERbeta-/- ovaries. The transplantation procedure was not efficient, and when WT ovaries were transplanted into WT mice, fertility was only 36%. Surgical ovarian wedge resection, a procedure which induces ovulation in anovulatory women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, resulted in 100% fertility of ERbeta-/- mice. In ERbeta-/- mice, as the follicles enlarged, the thecal layer remained very compact (revealed by H&E and collagen staining), and there was no increase in vascularization (measured as smooth muscle actin). In addition, there was an increase in PDGF receptor alpha (PDGFRalpha) and a decrease in PDGFbeta expression in the granulosa cells, similar to what has been found in follitropin receptor knockout mice. After wedge resection, expression of both smooth muscle actin and PDGFRs was normalized. During normal follicular development, increased vascularization of the thecal layer is a prerequisite for further follicular growth. We suggest that the defect in ERbeta-/- mouse ovaries is a failure of communication between the granulosa and thecal layers. The follicles do not mature because of insufficient blood supply. This problem is overcome by stimulating neovascularization by simple wedge resection of the ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Inzunza
- *Division of Medical Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Morani
- *Division of Medical Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guojun Cheng
- *Division of Medical Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margaret Warner
- *Division of Medical Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julius Hreinsson
- Fertility Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- *Division of Medical Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Outi Hovatta
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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