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Flores-Espinosa P, Mancilla-Herrera I, Olmos-Ortiz A, Díaz L, Zaga-Clavellina V. Culture of Human Fetal Membranes in a Two Independent Compartment Model: An Ex Vivo Approach. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2781:61-69. [PMID: 38502443 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3746-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the fetal membranes composed of the amnion and chorodecidua constitute a selective barrier separating two distinct environments, maternal and fetal. These tissues have the function of delimiting the amniotic cavity. Their histological complexity gives them physical, mechanical, and immunological properties to protect the fetus. Although the study of the amnion, chorion, and decidua separately provides knowledge about the functions of the fetal membranes, the protocol we describe in this chapter has the advantage of maintaining the biological and functional complexity of these tissues. In addition, this experimental model allows the researcher to recreate various pathological scenarios because this model allows for differential stimulation of the amnion or choriodecidua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Flores-Espinosa
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ismael Mancilla-Herrera
- Department of Infectology and Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrea Olmos-Ortiz
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lorenza Díaz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Verónica Zaga-Clavellina
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico.
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2
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Luconi M, Sogorb MA, Markert UR, Benfenati E, May T, Wolbank S, Roncaglioni A, Schmidt A, Straccia M, Tait S. Human-Based New Approach Methodologies in Developmental Toxicity Testing: A Step Ahead from the State of the Art with a Feto-Placental Organ-on-Chip Platform. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15828. [PMID: 36497907 PMCID: PMC9737555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developmental toxicity testing urgently requires the implementation of human-relevant new approach methodologies (NAMs) that better recapitulate the peculiar nature of human physiology during pregnancy, especially the placenta and the maternal/fetal interface, which represent a key stage for human lifelong health. Fit-for-purpose NAMs for the placental-fetal interface are desirable to improve the biological knowledge of environmental exposure at the molecular level and to reduce the high cost, time and ethical impact of animal studies. This article reviews the state of the art on the available in vitro (placental, fetal and amniotic cell-based systems) and in silico NAMs of human relevance for developmental toxicity testing purposes; in addition, we considered available Adverse Outcome Pathways related to developmental toxicity. The OECD TG 414 for the identification and assessment of deleterious effects of prenatal exposure to chemicals on developing organisms will be discussed to delineate the regulatory context and to better debate what is missing and needed in the context of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis to significantly improve this sector. Starting from this analysis, the development of a novel human feto-placental organ-on-chip platform will be introduced as an innovative future alternative tool for developmental toxicity testing, considering possible implementation and validation strategies to overcome the limitation of the current animal studies and NAMs available in regulatory toxicology and in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Luconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
- I.N.B.B. (Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi), Viale Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Miguel A. Sogorb
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Tobias May
- InSCREENeX GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institut for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Roncaglioni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Astrid Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Straccia
- FRESCI by Science&Strategy SL, C/Roure Monjo 33, Vacarisses, 08233 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Tait
- Centre for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
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3
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Richardson L, Kim S, Menon R, Han A. Organ-On-Chip Technology: The Future of Feto-Maternal Interface Research? Front Physiol 2020; 11:715. [PMID: 32695021 PMCID: PMC7338764 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta and fetal membrane act as a protective barrier throughout pregnancy while maintaining communication and nutrient exchange between the baby and the mother. Disruption of this barrier leads to various pregnancy complications, including preterm birth, which can have lasting negative consequences. Thus, understanding the role of the feto-maternal interface during pregnancy and parturition is vital to advancing basic and clinical research in the field of obstetrics. However, human subject studies are inherently difficult, and appropriate animal models are lacking. Due to these challenges, in vitro cell culture-based studies are most commonly utilized. However, the structure and functions of conventionally used in vitro 2D and 3D models are vastly different from the in vivo environment, making it difficult to fully understand the various factors affecting pregnancy as well as pathways and mechanisms contributing to term and preterm births. This limitation also makes it difficult to develop new therapeutics. The emergence of in vivo-like in vitro models such as organ-on-chip (OOC) platforms can better recapitulate in vivo functions and responses and has the potential to move this field forward significantly. OOC technology brings together two distinct fields, microfluidic engineering and cell/tissue biology, through which diverse human organ structures and functionalities can be built into a laboratory model that better mimics functions and responses of in vivo tissues and organs. In this review, we first provide an overview of the OOC technology, highlight two major designs commonly used in achieving multi-layer co-cultivation of cells, and introduce recently developed OOC models of the feto-maternal interface. As a vital component of this review, we aim to outline progress on the practicality and effectiveness of feto-maternal interface OOC (FM-OOC) models currently used and the advances they have fostered in obstetrics research. Lastly, we provide a perspective on the future basic research and clinical applications of FM-OOC models, and even those that integrate multiple organ systems into a single OOC system that may recreate intrauterine architecture in its entirety, which will accelerate our understanding of feto-maternal communication, induction of preterm labor, drug or toxicant permeability at this vital interface, and development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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4
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Barrett DW, John RK, Thrasivoulou C, Mata A, Deprest JA, Becker DL, David AL, Chowdhury TT. Targeting mechanotransduction mechanisms and tissue weakening signals in the human amniotic membrane. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6718. [PMID: 31040291 PMCID: PMC6491562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical and inflammatory signals in the fetal membrane play an important role in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling in order to dictate the timing of birth. We developed a mechanical model that mimics repetitive stretching of the amniotic membrane (AM) isolated from regions over the placenta (PAM) or cervix (CAM) and examined the effect of cyclic tensile strain (CTS) on mediators involved in mechanotransduction (Cx43, AKT), tissue remodelling (GAGs, elastin, collagen) and inflammation (PGE2, MMPs). In CAM and PAM specimens, the application of CTS increased GAG synthesis, PGE2 release and MMP activity, with concomitant reduction in collagen and elastin content. Co-stimulation with CTS and pharmacological agents that inhibit either Cx43 or AKT, differentially influenced collagen, GAG and elastin in a tissue-dependent manner. SHG confocal imaging of collagen fibres revealed a reduction in SHG intensity after CTS, with regions of disorganisation dependent on tissue location. CTS increased Cx43 and AKT protein and gene expression and the response could be reversed with either CTS, the Cx43 antisense or AKT inhibitor. We demonstrate that targeting Cx43 and AKT prevents strain-induced ECM damage and promotes tissue remodelling mechanisms in the AM. We speculate that a combination of inflammatory and mechanical factors could perturb typical mechanotransduction processes mediated by Cx43 signalling. Cx43 could therefore be a potential therapeutic target to prevent inflammation and preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Barrett
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Rebecca K John
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Christopher Thrasivoulou
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alvaro Mata
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Jan A Deprest
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David L Becker
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Anna L David
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Tina T Chowdhury
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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5
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Scott LM, Bryant AH, Rees A, Down B, Jones RH, Thornton CA. Production and regulation of interleukin-1 family cytokines at the materno-fetal interface. Cytokine 2017; 99:194-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Modulatory Mechanism of Polyphenols and Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in LPS Challenged Pregnancy Disorders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8254289. [PMID: 29138679 PMCID: PMC5613688 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8254289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Early embryonic loss and adverse birth outcomes are the major reproductive disorders that affect both human and animals. The LPS induces inflammation by interacting with robust cellular mechanism which was considered as a plethora of numerous reproductive disorders such as fetal resorption, preterm birth, teratogenicity, intrauterine growth restriction, abortion, neural tube defects, fetal demise, and skeletal development retardation. LPS-triggered overproduction of free radicals leads to oxidative stress which mediates inflammation via stimulation of NF-κB and PPARγ transcription factors. Flavonoids, which exist in copious amounts in nature, possess a wide array of functions; their supplementation during pregnancy activates Nrf2 signaling pathway which encounters pregnancy disorders. It was further presumed that the development of strong antioxidant uterine environment during gestation can alleviate diseases which appear at adult stages. The purpose of this review is to focus on modulatory properties of flavonoids on oxidative stress-mediated pregnancy insult and abnormal outcomes and role of Nrf2 activation in pregnancy disorders. These findings would be helpful for providing new insights in ameliorating oxidative stress-induced pregnancy disorders.
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7
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Bryant AH, Menzies GE, Scott LM, Spencer‐Harty S, Davies LB, Smith RA, Jones RH, Thornton CA. Human gestation-associated tissues express functional cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pattern recognition receptors. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 189:36-46. [PMID: 28295207 PMCID: PMC5461091 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of viral infections in adverse pregnancy outcomes has gained interest in recent years. Innate immune pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and their signalling pathways, that yield a cytokine output in response to pathogenic stimuli, have been postulated to link infection at the maternal-fetal interface and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression and functional response of nucleic acid ligand responsive Toll-like receptors (TLR-3, -7, -8 and -9), and retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I)-like receptors [RIG-I, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) and Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology 2(LGP2)] in human term gestation-associated tissues (placenta, choriodecidua and amnion) using an explant model. Immunohistochemistry revealed that these PRRs were expressed by the term placenta, choriodecidua and amnion. A statistically significant increase in interleukin (IL)-6 and/or IL-8 production in response to specific agonists for TLR-3 (Poly(I:C); low and high molecular weight), TLR-7 (imiquimod), TLR-8 (ssRNA40) and RIG-I/MDA5 (Poly(I:C)LyoVec) was observed; there was no response to a TLR-9 (ODN21798) agonist. A hierarchical clustering approach was used to compare the response of each tissue type to the ligands studied and revealed that the placenta and choriodecidua generate a more similar IL-8 response, while the choriodecidua and amnion generate a more similar IL-6 response to nucleic acid ligands. These findings demonstrate that responsiveness via TLR-3, TLR-7, TLR-8 and RIG-1/MDA5 is a broad feature of human term gestation-associated tissues with differential responses by tissue that might underpin adverse obstetric outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. H. Bryant
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School
| | - G. E. Menzies
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School
| | - L. M. Scott
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School
| | - S. Spencer‐Harty
- Department of HistopathologyAbertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health BoardSwanseaWalesUK
| | - L. B. Davies
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School
| | - R. A. Smith
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School
| | - R. H. Jones
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School
| | - C. A. Thornton
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School
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8
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Killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis and neutralization of lipopolysaccharide by 17-residue bovine lactoferricins: improved activity of Trp/Ala-containing molecules. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44278. [PMID: 28287172 PMCID: PMC5347165 DOI: 10.1038/srep44278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) has potent antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic activities but is also hemolytic. Our objective was to identify LfcinB17-31 derivatives with reduced hemolysis and improved antimicrobial activity via substituting Cys3, Arg4, Gln7, Met10, and Gly14 with more hydrophobic residues. Two peptides, Lfcin4 and Lfcin5, showed higher activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis and lower hemolytic activity than the parent peptide LfcinB17-31. These peptides permeabilized the outer and inner membranes of S. enteritidis; however, Lfcin5 did not permeabilize the inner membrane of S. aureus. Gel retardation and circular dichroism spectra showed that Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 bound to bacterial genomic DNA. Lfcin4 inhibited DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Both peptides induced the peeling of membranes and the lysis of S. enteritidis. At doses of 10 and 15 mg/kg, Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 reduced the bacterial counts in infected thigh muscles by 0.03‒0.10 and 0.05‒0.63 log10 CFU/g of tissue, respectively, within 10 h. Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 enhanced the survival rate of endotoxemic mice; reduced serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels; and protected mice from lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. These data suggest that Lfcin4 and Lfcin5 may be antimicrobial and anti-endotoxin peptides that could serve as the basis for the development of dual-function agents.
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Ireland DJ, Nathan EA, Li S, Charles AK, Stinson LF, Kemp MW, Newnham JP, Keelan JA. Preclinical evaluation of drugs to block inflammation-driven preterm birth. Innate Immun 2016; 23:20-33. [PMID: 27821647 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916672313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine inflammation, the major cause of early preterm birth, can have microbial and sterile aetiologies. We assessed in a Transwell model the anti-inflammatory efficacies of five drugs on human extraplacental membranes delivered after preterm spontaneous labour (30-34 wk). Drugs [TPCA1 (IKKβ inhibitor), 5 z-7-oxozeaenol (OxZ, TAK1 inhibitor), inhibitor of NF-κB essential modulator binding domain (iNBD), SB239063 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) and N-acetyl cysteine (free radical scavenger free radicals)] were added after 12 h equilibration to the amniotic compartment. Concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1β and PGE2 in the media, and IL6, TNFA and PTGS2 mRNA expression levels in membranes, were determined after 12 h. Data were analysed using mixed models analyses. Thirteen of the 28 membranes had histological chorioamnionitis (HCA+); five were positive for bacterial culture and six for fetal inflammatory reaction. Baseline PGE2 and cytokine production was similar between HCA- and HCA+ membranes. Anti-inflammatory effects were also similar between HCA- and HCA+ membranes. TPCA1 and OxZ were the most effective drugs; each inhibited amniotic secretion of 4/5 pro-inflammatory mediators and mRNA levels of 2/3, regardless of stimulus. We conclude that treatment with TPCA1 or OxZ, in combination with antibiotics, may minimise the adverse effects of intrauterine inflammation in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demelza J Ireland
- 1 School of Women's and Infants' Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Nathan
- 1 School of Women's and Infants' Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,2 Women and Infants Research Foundation of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shaofu Li
- 1 School of Women's and Infants' Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,2 Women and Infants Research Foundation of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Adrian K Charles
- 3 Department of Pathology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lisa F Stinson
- 1 School of Women's and Infants' Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- 1 School of Women's and Infants' Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,2 Women and Infants Research Foundation of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John P Newnham
- 1 School of Women's and Infants' Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,2 Women and Infants Research Foundation of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Keelan
- 1 School of Women's and Infants' Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,2 Women and Infants Research Foundation of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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10
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Boldenow E, Hassan I, Chames MC, Xi C, Loch-Caruso R. The trichloroethylene metabolite S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-l-cysteine but not trichloroacetate inhibits pathogen-stimulated TNF-α in human extraplacental membranes in vitro. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 52:1-6. [PMID: 25653212 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extraplacental membranes define the gestational compartment and provide a barrier to infectious microorganisms ascending the gravid female reproductive tract. We tested the hypothesis that bioactive metabolites of trichloroethylene (TCE) decrease pathogen-stimulated innate immune response of extraplacental membranes. Extraplacental membranes were cultured for 4, 8, and 24h with the TCE metabolites trichloroacetate (TCA) or S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-l-cysteine (DCVC) in the absence or presence of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate infection. In addition, membranes were cocultured with DCVC and Group B Streptococcus (GBS). DCVC (5-50μM) significantly inhibited LTA-, LPS-, and GBS-stimulated cytokine release from tissue cultures as early as 4h (P≤0.05). In contrast, TCA (up to 500μM) did not inhibit LTA-stimulated cytokine release from tissue punches. Because cytokines are important mediators for host response to infectious microorganisms these findings suggest that TCE exposure could potentially modify susceptibility to infection during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Boldenow
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Iman Hassan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Mark C Chames
- Departments of Pathology and of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Michigan, 4215 Med Sci I SPC 5602, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5602, USA.
| | - Chuanwu Xi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Rita Loch-Caruso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
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11
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Pineda-Torres M, Flores-Espinosa P, Espejel-Nunez A, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Flores-Pliego A, Maida-Claros R, Zaga-Clavellina V. Evidence of an immunosuppressive effect of progesterone upon in vitro secretion of proinflammatory and prodegradative factors in a model of choriodecidual infection. BJOG 2014; 122:1798-807. [PMID: 25315965 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether progesterone (P4) is able to modulate the secretion of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) after choriodecidual stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). DESIGN Chorioamnionitis-elicited preterm delivery is associated with an uncontrolled secretion of proinflammatory cytokines that may induce MMPs, which modify the fine immunological and structural equilibrium at the fetal-maternal interface. SETTING Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico City. SAMPLE Twelve human fetal membranes at term from healthy patients were placed in a two-chamber culture system. METHODS Choriodecidual and amniotic regions were preincubated with 1.0, 0.1, or 0.01 μmol/l P4 for 24 hours; after which the choriodecidual region was costimulated with 1000 ng/ml of LPS for 24 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Descriptive statistics were obtained for each variable. Data distribution was tested for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnoff and Shapiro-Wilk tests. When distribution was normal, Student's t test was used to analyse for differences among groups. Mann-Whitney's U test was used when data were not normally distributed. RESULTS Pretreatment with 1.0 μmol/l P4 significantly blunted the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. MMP-9 was inhibited with 0.1 μmol/l P4. Mifepristone (RU486) blocked the immunosuppressive effect of P4, suggesting a P4 effect mediated by its receptor. CONCLUSION These results offer evidence to support the concept that P4 can protect the fetal-placental unit through a compensatory mechanism that partially limits the secretion of proinflammatory and prodegradative modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pineda-Torres
- Immunobiochemistry Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - P Flores-Espinosa
- Immunobiochemistry Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - A Espejel-Nunez
- Immunobiochemistry Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - G Estrada-Gutierrez
- Immunobiochemistry Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - A Flores-Pliego
- Immunobiochemistry Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - R Maida-Claros
- Neonatology Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - V Zaga-Clavellina
- Immunobiochemistry Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico, DF, Mexico
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12
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Boldenow E, Hogan KA, Chames MC, Aronoff DM, Xi C, Loch-Caruso R. Role of cytokine signaling in group B Streptococcus-stimulated expression of human beta defensin-2 in human extraplacental membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 73:263-72. [PMID: 25263616 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. We tested the hypothesis that the choriodecidua plays a role in GBS-stimulated human beta defensin(HBD)-2 increases in amnion cells through a secreted factor of choriodecidual origin. METHOD OF STUDY Human amnion epithelial cells were treated with choriodecidual GBS-conditioned medium, live GBS, lipoteichoic acid (LTA), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with and without IL-1 inhibitors. RESULTS Choriodecidual tissue punches released IL-1α and IL-1β in response to GBS and this medium significantly stimulated release of HBD-2 by amnion cell cultures. Inhibitors of IL-1 significantly impaired the release of HBD-2 from amnion cells treated with GBS choriodecidual conditioned medium. Direct stimulation of amnion cells with GBS, LTA, or LPS did not increase HBD-2 release. CONCLUSION Paracrine signaling involving IL-1 of choriodecidual origin is likely a critical driver for amnion HBD-2 increases in response to GBS infection of extraplacental membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Boldenow
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Zaga-Clavellina V, Flores-Espinosa P, Pineda-Torres M, Sosa-González I, Vega-Sánchez R, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Espejel-Núñez A, Flores-Pliego A, Maida-Claros R, Estrada-Juárez H, Chávez-Mendoza A. Tissue-specific IL-10 secretion profile from term human fetal membranes stimulated with pathogenic microorganisms associated with preterm labor in a two-compartment tissue culture system. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 27:1320-7. [PMID: 24138141 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.857397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin (IL)-10 is a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties that plays pivotal roles in immune recognition and maintenance of pregnancy, limiting the harmful effects of pro-inflammatory modulators. The aim of this work was to characterize the contribution of amnion and choriodecidua regions of the human fetal membranes in the production of IL-10 after selective stimulation with Candida albicans, Gardnerella vaginalis and Streptococcus agalactiae. METHODS Pre-labor human fetal membranes were cultured in a two-compartment tissue culture system and stimulated with 1 × 10(6) CFU/ml of each pathogen added to either the amniotic or choriodecidual region or both. RESULTS Candida albicans and G. vaginalis were the pathogens most effective in inducing IL-10 secretion, increasing 20 and 10 times, respectively, the levels of this cytokine in the choriodecidual compartment. Stimulation with S. agalactiae was effective only in the choriodecidual region, increasing two times IL-10 concentration. CONCLUSIONS Synthesis and secretion of IL-10 in response to three different pathogens associated with intrauterine infection and preterm birth are differential and depend on the nature of the microorganism and initial contact region.
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14
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Roy-Lacroix MÈ, Guérard M, Berthiaume M, Rola-Pleszczynski M, Crous-Tsanaclis AM, Pasquier JC. Time-dependent effect ofin uteroinflammation: a longitudinal study in rats. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 26:789-94. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.755164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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15
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Zaga-Clavellina V, Ruiz M, Flores-Espinosa P, Vega-Sanchez R, Flores-Pliego A, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Sosa-Gonzalez I, Morales-Méndez I, Osorio-Caballero M. Tissue-specific human beta-defensins (HBD)-1, HBD-2 and HBD-3 secretion profile from human amniochorionic membranes stimulated with Candida albicans in a two-compartment tissue culture system. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10:70. [PMID: 22943496 PMCID: PMC3495197 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During intrauterine infection, amniochorionic membranes represent a mechanical and immunological barrier against dissemination of infection. Human beta defensins (HBD)-1, HBD-2, and HBD-3 are key elements of innate immunity that represent the first line of defense against different pathogen microorganisms associated with preterm labor. The aim of this work was to characterize the individual contribution of the amnion (AMN) and choriodecidua (CHD) regions to the secretion of HBD-1, HBD-2 and HBD-3, after stimulation with Candida albicans. METHODS Full-thickness human amniochorionic membranes were obtained after delivery by elective cesarean section from women at 37-40 wk of gestation with no evidence of active labor. The membranes were cultured in a two-compartment experimental model in which the upper compartment is delimited by the amnion and the lower chamber by the choriodecidual membrane. One million of Candida albicans were added to either the AMN or the CHD face or to both and compartmentalized secretion profiles of HBD-1, HBD-2, and HBD-3 were quantified by ELISA. Tissue immunolocalization was performed to detect the presence of HBD-1, -2, -3 in tissue sections stimulated with Candida albicans. RESULTS HBD-1 secretion level by the CHD compartment increased 2.6 times (27.30 [20.9-38.25] pg/micrograms protein) when the stimulus with Candida albicans was applied only on this side of the membrane and 2.4 times (26.55 [19.4-42.5] pg/micrograms protein) when applied to both compartments simultaneously. HBD-1 in the amniotic compartment remained without significant changes. HBD-2 secretion level increased significantly in the CHD when the stimulus was applied only to this region (2.49 [1.49-2.95] pg/micrograms protein) and simultaneously to both compartments (2.14 [1.67- 2.91] pg/micrograms protein). When the stimulus was done in the amniotic compartment HBD-2 remained without significant changes in both compartments. HBD-3 remained without significant changes in both compartments regardless of the stimulation modality. Localization of immune-reactive forms of HBD-1, HBD-2, and HBD-3 was carried out by immunohistochemistry confirming the cellular origin of these peptides. CONCLUSION Selective stimulation of amniochorionic membranes with Candida albicans resulted in tissue-specific secretion of HBD-1 and HBD-2, mainly in the CHD, which is the first region to become infected during an ascending infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Zaga-Clavellina
- Department of Cell Biology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pilar Flores-Espinosa
- Department of Cell Biology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Vega-Sanchez
- Department of Nutrition Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Flores-Pliego
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez
- Department of Infectology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Irma Sosa-Gonzalez
- Department of Infectology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iyari Morales-Méndez
- Department of Infectology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Osorio-Caballero
- Department of Family Planning, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes”, Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Voltolini C, Battersby S, Etherington SL, Petraglia F, Norman JE, Jabbour HN. A novel antiinflammatory role for the short-chain fatty acids in human labor. Endocrinology 2012; 153:395-403. [PMID: 22186417 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human parturition is an inflammatory process that can be activated prematurely by pathological stimuli. This study investigated the expression of G protein-coupled receptors GPR43 and GPR41 receptors in human uteroplacental tissues and the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in modulating inflammatory pathways in fetal membranes. Expression of GPR43 and GPR41 was investigated in uteroplacental tissues collected from women delivering at term or preterm after ethical approval and patient informed consent. The effect of SCFA on expression of inflammatory genes was assessed in amnion explants after culture with a mimetic of infection (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). Sodium propionate effect on LPS-induced neutrophil chemotaxis was evaluated by transwell assay. GPR43 and GPR41 mRNA expression was higher in myometrium and fetal membranes collected from women after the onset of labor. GPR43 protein expression localized to immune cells and vascular endothelium in the myometrium and epithelium of fetal membranes. Treatment with LPS significantly increased mRNA expression of GPR43 and inflammatory genes. Cotreatment with LPS and sodium propionate decreased LPS-induced expression of inflammatory genes including IL-6, IL-8, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1α, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 but not IL-1β or lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1. Sodium propionate reduced LPS-induced neutrophil chemotaxis and protein secretion of the neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8. Finally, fetal membrane expression of GPR43 was significantly higher in women delivering preterm with evidence of infection. GPR43-SCFA interactions may represent novel pathways that regulate inflammatory processes involved in human labor. Suppression of inflammatory pathways by SCFA may be therapeutically beneficial for pregnant women at risk of pathogen-induced preterm delivery.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effects
- Cytokines/genetics
- Extraembryonic Membranes/drug effects
- Extraembryonic Membranes/metabolism
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/physiology
- Female
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Inflammation Mediators/physiology
- Interleukin-8/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-8/genetics
- Labor, Obstetric/genetics
- Labor, Obstetric/physiology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Myometrium/drug effects
- Myometrium/metabolism
- Neutrophils/drug effects
- Neutrophils/physiology
- Obstetric Labor, Premature/genetics
- Obstetric Labor, Premature/metabolism
- Placenta/drug effects
- Placenta/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Propionates/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Tissue Culture Techniques
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Voltolini
- Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom.
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Zaga-Clavellina V, Martha RVM, Flores-Espinosa P. In vitro secretion profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and of human beta-defensins (HBD)-1, HBD-2, and HBD-3 from human chorioamniotic membranes after selective stimulation with Gardnerella vaginalis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2011; 67:34-43. [PMID: 21752147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.01054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Preterm labor associated with infection is a major clinical condition; in this work, we analyze the response of human chorioamniotic membranes stimulated with Gardnerella vaginalis. METHOD OF STUDY Using a two-compartment experimental model, 1 × 10(6) CFU/mL of G. vaginalis were added to either the amnion or choriodecidua face or to both. Concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as human beta defensins (HBD) 1-3 were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS In comparison with control conditions and regardless of the stimulation modality, IL-1β and IL-6 increased 4-fold and 28-fold, respectively, in the choriodecidual compartment. HBD-1 increased 2-fold mainly in the amniotic compartment when the stimulus was applied directly to this region. HBD-2 and HBD-3 increased an average of 2- and 8-fold, respectively, in the choriodecidual region. CONCLUSIONS Stimulation with G. vaginalis induced a tissue-specific secretion profile of 1L-1β, IL-6, and HBD 1-3 in the chorioamniotic membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Zaga-Clavellina
- Cell Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia 'Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes', Mexico City, Mexico.
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