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Figueroa CA, Aguilera A, Hoffmann TJ, Fukuoka Y. The Relationship Between Barriers to Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Women. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2024; 5:242-249. [PMID: 38516653 PMCID: PMC10956528 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2023.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Women are less physically active, report greater perceived barriers for exercise, and show higher levels of depressive symptoms. This contributes to high global disability. The relationship between perceived barriers for physical activity and depressive symptoms in women remains largely unexplored. The aims of this cross-sectional analysis were to examine the association between physical activity barriers and depressive symptoms, and identify types of barriers in physically inactive community-dwelling women. Methods Three hundred eighteen physically inactive women aged 25-65 years completed the Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ) developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale at the baseline visit of the mobile phone-based physical activity education trial. The BBAQ consists of six subscales (lack of time, social influence, lack of energy, lack of willpower, fear of injury, lack of skill, and lack of resources). We used multivariate regression analyses, correcting for sociodemographics. Results Higher physical activity barriers were associated with greater depressive symptoms scores (linear effect, estimate = 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39-1.12, p < 0.001). This effect appeared to taper off for the higher barrier scores (quadratic effect, estimate: -0.02, 95% CI: -0.03 to -0.01, p = 0.002). Exploratory analyses indicated that these associations were most driven by the social influence (p = 0.027) and lack of energy subscales (p = 0.017). Conclusions Higher depression scores were associated with higher physical activity barriers. Social influence and lack of energy were particularly important barriers. Addressing these barriers may improve the efficacy of physical activity interventions in women with higher depressive symptoms. Future research should assess this in a randomized controlled trial. Trial Registration ClinicalTrialsgov# NCTO1280812 registered January 21, 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. Figueroa
- Department Engineering Systems and Services, Faculty of Technology, Policy, and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Adrian Aguilera
- School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hoffmann
- School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Office of Research, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yoshimi Fukuoka
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Matsumoto K, Hamatani S. Impact of cognitive reserve on bipolar disorder: a systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1341991. [PMID: 38371715 PMCID: PMC10869457 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1341991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive reserve (CR) is a complex concept that includes premorbid IQ, years of education, and exposure to neuropsychological stimuli through work and leisure. Previous studies have suggested that CR has a positive impact on several aspects of bipolar disorder. Synthesizing the evidence to date is an important work in providing directions for future studies. The objectives of this systematic review to summary impact of CR on onsetting, relapsing bipolar episodes, buffering cognitive dysfunctions, and maintaining quality of life (QOL) in bipolar disorder. Methods Two researchers independently reviewed selected paper from three database as PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The search keywords were "bipolar disorder" and "cognitive reserve." The selected studies were classified as the levels of evidence according to the criteria of the Oxford Center for Evidence- Based Medicine. The results of the selected studies were summarized according to the objectives. Results Thrity six studies were included in this review. People with high CR may have fewer bipolar episodes and alleviate cognitive impairments and dysfunction. CR may keep the functional level in patients with bipolar disorder. Conclusion The results of this systematic review suggest that CR may be involved in preventing relapse of bipolar episodes and may alleviate cognitive dysfunction. However, effect on prevention of onset-risk and relapse of bipolar episodes need further investigation in prospective studies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021270293, the protocol was registered with PROSERO (CRD42021270293).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Matsumoto
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Research and Education Assembly Medical and Dental Sciences Area, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sayo Hamatani
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
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Wang Y, Wang X, Zhu X, Sun Y, Han B, Chen T. Physical activity, physical frailty and depressive symptoms among Chinese male and female older adults: do different indicators make a difference? Front Public Health 2023; 11:1280952. [PMID: 38089035 PMCID: PMC10711064 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1280952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Older adults become more inactive and frailer with aging. Physical status is closely linked to mental health, but it is unclear which physical indicator is more strongly associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. The present study aimed to compare relationships between self-reported physical activity, physical frailty (muscle mass, muscle strength, and gait ability) and depressive symptoms in community male and female older adults. Methods A total of 1,180 adults aged 60 years and older were recruited to participate in this study from a Chinese community receiving annual check-up service from September 2018 to May 2019. Physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The Bio-electrical Impedance Analyzer was used to determine the muscle mass. As the indicators of muscle function, grip strength and gait ability were assessed by the dynamometer and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), respectively. The 15-item version of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to examine depressive symptoms. Demographic variables, health status and sleep quality were collected using questionnaire. Results 11.8% men and 11.9% women reported depressive symptoms. Logistic regression showed that depressive symptoms was associated with low grip strength (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.04-5.63), slow gait ability (OR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.28-10.13) in older males, and associated with low level of self-reported physical activity (OR = 3.85, 95% CI: 2.00-7.42) in older females. No significant association was found between muscle mass and depressive symptoms. Conclusion There were gender differences in the relationship between physical activity, physical frailty, and depressive symptoms. Grip strength and gait ability may be a better indicator of frailty for predicting depressive symptoms in older men while physical activity may be useful in predicting depressive symptoms in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Buxin Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Koinis L, Mobbs RJ, Fonseka RD, Natarajan P. A commentary on the potential of smartphones and other wearable devices to be used in the identification and monitoring of mental illness. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1420. [PMID: 36660675 PMCID: PMC9843326 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianne Koinis
- Department of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ralph Jasper Mobbs
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;,Wearables and Gait Analysis Research Group (WAGAR), Sydney, Australia
| | - R. Dineth Fonseka
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;,Wearables and Gait Analysis Research Group (WAGAR), Sydney, Australia
| | - Pragadesh Natarajan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;,Wearables and Gait Analysis Research Group (WAGAR), Sydney, Australia
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Park SS, Kim TW, Kim BK, Kim SH, Park JS, Shin MS. The effects of exercise and diet on mental status, insulin signaling pathway, and microbiome in obese mice. J Exerc Rehabil 2022; 18:171-178. [PMID: 35846233 PMCID: PMC9271650 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2244278.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise and diet on mental status, insulin signaling pathway, serotonin synthesis, and microbiome in high-fat-induced obesity mice. Before the start of this experiment, obesity groups made obese mice by administering a high-fat diet containing 60% fat for 12 weeks. In the obesity with exercise group, after a high-fat diet for 12 weeks, exercise was performed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks. In the obesity with diet group, a high-fat diet for 12 weeks followed by a normal diet for 8 weeks. Depression and anxiety were determined by open field test and elevated plus maze test. Immunohistochemistry for tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in the dorsal raphe, western blot analysis for phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-ATK), total AKT (t-AKT), phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (p-PI3K), and total PI3K (t-PI3K) in the hippocampus were performed. Analysis of microbiome was also conducted. Obesity-induced depression and anxiety status, suppressed ratio of p-AKT/t-AKT and p-PI3K/t-PI3K, and inhibited TPH synthesis. Exercise and diet improved depression and anxiety status, activated p-AKT/t-AKT and p-PI3K/t-PI3K, and increased TPH synthesis. Exercise and diet improved depression and anxiety status by increasing the insulin signaling pathway and promoting serotonin production. These effects of exercise and diet were almost similar. In addition, exercise and diet regulated the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Seo Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Woon Kim
- Department of Human Health Care, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Bo-Kyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Technology, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- College of Culture and Sports, Division of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Jong-Suk Park
- College of Culture and Sports, Division of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Mal-Soon Shin
- College of Culture and Sports, Division of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
- Corresponding author: Mal-Soon Shin, College of Culture and Sports, Division of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, Korea,
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Zarza-Rebollo JA, Molina E, López-Isac E, Pérez-Gutiérrez AM, Gutiérrez B, Cervilla JA, Rivera M. Interaction Effect between Physical Activity and the BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism on Depression in Women from the PISMA-ep Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042068. [PMID: 35206257 PMCID: PMC8872527 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between depression and the Val66Met polymorphism at the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF), has been largely studied. It has also been related to physical activity, although the results remain inconclusive. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between this polymorphism, depression and physical activity in a thoroughly characterised sample of community-based individuals from the PISMA-ep study. A total of 3123 participants from the PISMA-ep study were genotyped for the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, of which 209 had depression. Our results are in line with previous studies reporting a protective effect of physical activity on depression, specifically in light intensity. Interestingly, we report a gene-environment interaction effect in which Met allele carriers of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism who reported more hours of physical activity showed a decreased prevalence of depression. This effect was observed in the total sample (OR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.90–0.99, p = 0.027) and was strengthened in women (OR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.87–0.98, p = 0.019). These results highlight the potential role of physical activity as a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing and adjuvant treatment of depression and suggest molecular and genetic particularities of depression between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Zarza-Rebollo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Esther Molina
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena López-Isac
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Ana M. Pérez-Gutiérrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Blanca Gutiérrez
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge A. Cervilla
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Mental Health Service, University Hospital San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Margarita Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.A.Z.-R.); (E.L.-I.); (A.M.P.-G.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (B.G.); (J.A.C.)
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Tanaka N, Okuda T, Shinohara H, Yamasaki RS, Hirano N, Kang J, Ogawa M, Nishi NN. Relationship between Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Energy Metabolism, Physical Activity, and Body Composition in Young Japanese Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030506. [PMID: 35276865 PMCID: PMC8838489 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated seasonal changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and physical activity (PA) and explored their associations with body composition. In total, 28 women aged 20−23 years in the Kansai area of Japan participated in this year-long study spanning the winter, spring, and summer seasons. A dietary investigation was performed using the weight recording method, and the amount of histidine in the diet, which may be related to the regulation of energy intake, was calculated. Resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition, and PA were measured using indirect calorimetry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and uniaxial accelerometry, respectively. The results showed that energy intake was highest in winter, decreased significantly with increasing temperature, and decreased by 25% in summer. As the intake of histidine in the diet did not increase in summer, it did not seem to be involved in the suppression of energy intake. RMR was highest in winter and decreased significantly in summer by 20%. The amount of PA was low in winter, increased significantly in the spring, and decreased again in summer. Body weight increased in winter, with an accumulation of fat in the trunk and arms, and decreased in summer, with a reduction in the amount of fat. Greater energy intake and less PA in winter induced an increment in body weight despite the increase in RMR. There were no significant changes in lean body mass between the seasons; however, the muscle weight of the lower limbs increased significantly in spring and in summer compared with that in winter (p < 0.001). Thus, seasonal changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and PA occur, with resultant changes in the body composition under comfortable air-conditioned environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kobe Women’s University, Kobe 654-8585, Hyogo, Japan; (R.S.Y.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-78-737-2434
| | - Toyoko Okuda
- Faculty of Human Science, Tezukayama Gakuin University, Sakai 590-0113, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Hisae Shinohara
- Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Miyazaki, Japan;
| | - Rie Shimonaka Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kobe Women’s University, Kobe 654-8585, Hyogo, Japan; (R.S.Y.); (M.O.)
| | - Naomi Hirano
- Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Kobe Women’s Junior College, Kobe 650-0046, Hyogo, Japan;
| | - Jangmi Kang
- Division of Nutrition Management, Heisei Medical Welfare Group, Japan & Department of Nutrition, Yodogawa Heisei Hospital, Osaka 533-0033, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Manami Ogawa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kobe Women’s University, Kobe 654-8585, Hyogo, Japan; (R.S.Y.); (M.O.)
| | - Nao Nishioka Nishi
- Department of Arts and Science, Kobe Women’s Junior College, Kobe 650-0046, Hyogo, Japan;
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Bondarev D, Sipilä S, Finni T, Kujala UM, Aukee P, Kovanen V, Laakkonen EK, Kokko K. Associations of physical performance and physical activity with mental well-being in middle-aged women. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1448. [PMID: 34301225 PMCID: PMC8299573 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate whether physical performance is independently of physical activity (PA) associated with positive and negative dimensions of mental well-being in middle-aged women. Methods Data were drawn from the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) study in which women 47 to 55 years were randomly selected from the Finnish National Registry. They (n = 909) participated in measurements of physical performance (handgrip force, knee extension force, vertical jumping height, maximal walking speed, and six-minute walking distance). Both mental well-being (the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form and the Satisfaction with Life Scale) and PA were self-reported. Associations between variables were analysed using multivariate linear regression modelling adjusted for body height, fat mass %, menopausal status and symptoms, marital status, parity, employment status, self-reported mental disorders, and use of psycholeptics and psychoanaleptics. PA was then entered into a separate model to explore its role in the associations. Results In the adjusted models, significant positive associations of six-minute walking distance with positive affectivity (B = 0.12, p = 0.002) and life satisfaction (B = 0.15, p = 0.033) were observed. No significant associations were observed between physical performance and depressive symptoms or negative affectivity. PA was positively associated with positive affectivity and life satisfaction and negatively with depressive symptoms across all the physical performance variables. Conclusions Of the physical performance dimensions, aerobic component was associated with positive mental well-being independently of PA level. In relation to other physical performance components, the results point to the benefits of physical activity for mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Bondarev
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv 152), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv 152), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taija Finni
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (viv), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pauliina Aukee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Research and Therapy Unit, Central Finland Central Hospital, Hoitajantie 3, FI-40620, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vuokko Kovanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Eija K Laakkonen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv 152), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv 152), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Vacchiano M, Valente R. Did the screens win? An autoregressive model linking leisure, relatedness and mental health. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Cecchini JA, Carriedo A, Fernández-Río J, Méndez-Giménez A, González C, Sánchez-Martínez B, Rodríguez-González P. A longitudinal study on depressive symptoms and physical activity during the Spanish lockdown. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2021; 21:100200. [PMID: 33363583 PMCID: PMC7753030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: The aim was to evaluate the evolution of depressive symptoms and to explore the influence of physical activity (PA) practice during the home confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain. Method: Information was collected from 595 confined participants who reported personal and contextual information, depressive symptoms and PA levels at four time points. Results: The changes in depressive symptoms were analyzed using a linear mixed model with cubic splines. Results showed a significant increase, with a significant rise between T1 and T2 (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.83-3.10). It continued growing until T4 (OR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.97-4.38). A negative relationship was observed between the increase in depressive symptoms and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels, with a significant slope up to 4 hours of MVPA per week (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.29-0.90) that tended to increase until 16 hours per week of MVPA (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.20-0.87). Conclusions: Results from a partition model showed that moderate intensity of PA could be enough to prevent an increase of depressive symptoms during home isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Cecchini
- Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain, Spain
| | - Alejandro Carriedo
- Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Río
- Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain, Spain
| | | | - Carmen González
- Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain, Spain
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White RL, Bennie J, Abbott G, Teychenne M. Work-related physical activity and psychological distress among women in different occupations: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1007. [PMID: 32586295 PMCID: PMC7318444 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that work-related physical activity may not have the same mental health benefits as leisure-time physical activity. Further, work-related physical activity is likely to include a variety of different behaviours for people with different occupations. As such, the aim of this study was to determine if occupation type moderated the association between work-related physical activity and psychological distress. METHODS A randomly selected sample of 1080 women from Melbourne, Australia completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30), and reported their current occupation. RESULTS Linear regression analyses indicated that occupation significantly moderated the association between work-related walking and psychological distress (F [8, 55] = 2.26, p = .036). Given evidence of moderation, we fitted linear regression models to test the associations between work-related physical activity and psychological distress for three separate groups; professionals, sales and services workers, and tradespersons. Female tradespersons who engaged in a low (B = - 3.81, p = .006) or high amount of work-related walking (B = - 3.23, p = .029), had significantly lower psychological distress symptoms than those who engaged in no work-related walking. There were no significant associations between work-related physical activity of any intensity and psychological distress for professionals, or sales and service workers. CONCLUSIONS Given the relationship does not exist across all occupations, work-related physical activity should not be promoted above and beyond leisure-time physical activity. However, walking at work may be important in reducing psychological distress for some people and should therefore, not be discounted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon Lee White
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Jason Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Central QLD 4300 Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Megan Teychenne
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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12
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Patterson MS, Gagnon LR, Nelon JL, Spadine MN. A pilot study using egocentric network analysis to assess holistic health benefits among a sample of university employees involved in a worksite fitness program. Work 2020; 66:63-72. [PMID: 32417814 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working adults in the United States often do not engage in enough exercise to experience health benefits. With workplaces becoming increasingly sedentary, more emphasis is placed on providing exercise opportunities at work. Evidence suggests participating in exercise during the workday and socially connecting with others while exercising, can lead to positive health outcomes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine whether mental and social health factors were related to increased exercise among employees participating in a worksite group exercise program. METHODS An egocentric network analysis was conducted on a sample of university employees (n = 57). RESULTS Regression analyses (Adjusted R2 = 0.501, F = 4.686, p = 0.001) suggest that depression (β= -0.548, p = 0.041), stress (β= 0.530, p = 0.016), nominating alters who exercise similarly (β= 0.326, t = 2.111, p = 0.045), average exercise scores across egonetworks (β= -0.330, t = -2.135, p = 0.043), and nominating other group exercise members (β= 0.579, t = 3.721, p = 0.001) were related to physical activity scores. CONCLUSION These findings provide empirical support for using group exercise environments as a mechanism for increasing exercise among employees. Specifically, fostering social connections between employees involved in the program can lead to greater physical activity scores. Future research should confirm these results in larger samples, along with determining more causal relationships with longitudinal and experimental designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Patterson
- Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Leah R Gagnon
- Community Health Center of Southeast Kansas, Pittsburg, KS, USA
| | - Jordan L Nelon
- Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mandy N Spadine
- Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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13
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Kim J, Kim J, Han A. The impact of leisure time physical activity on mental health and health perception among people with cancer. Health Promot Perspect 2020; 10:116-122. [PMID: 32296623 PMCID: PMC7146045 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2020.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: People with cancer often report high levels of negative psychological symptoms and poor perception of health due to cancer treatment and activity limitations. Prior studies have suggested that participation in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) can reduce negative psychological symptoms and improve health perception. However, a few studies have examined the contribution of LTPA to health benefits among people with cancer. Thus, we aimed to examine how a different level of LTPA engagement contributed to mental health and health perceptions among people with cancer. Methods: Using the 2017 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data, cross sectional data of 504 respondents diagnosed with any types of 22 cancers listed in the survey questionnaire were analyzed. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to test for mean differences in mental health and health perception among the three different LTPA groups(i.e., inactive, moderately active, and vigorously active groups). Results: Results indicated that people with cancer who reported higher levels of LTPA scored higher on mental health and health perception than those with lower levels of LTPA (Pillai’s trace= 0.060, F (4,944) = 15.06, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This finding suggests that individuals with cancer gained more health benefits through high engagement in LTPA. Moreover, we suggested that LTPA can be used as an important therapeutic intervention to promote health quality and wellbeing among people with cancer. Implications for practical suggestions are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Junhyoung Kim
- School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Areum Han
- Department of Physical Education, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Pollak MJ, Milte CM, van der Pligt P, Teychenne M. Total physical activity but not diet quality associated with postnatal depressive symptoms amongst women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. Nutr Res 2019; 68:54-61. [PMID: 31421393 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lifestyle behaviors such as healthy diet and some forms of physical activity have been linked to lower risk of depressive symptoms in the general population. However, little is known regarding their associations with postnatal depressive symptoms. Given that postnatal women (particularly those living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods) are more likely to have poorer diet quality, lower physical activity levels and greater risk of depressive symptoms, this study sought to determine the associations between diet quality, total and domain specific physical activity and depressive symptoms amongst postnatal women from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. It was hypothesized that higher diet quality and levels of leisure-time physical activity would be associated with lower depressive symptoms. In 2007-2008, cross-sectional data were collected from 246 women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods in Victoria, Australia. Participants completed self-report measures of diet (using a 17 item dietary questionnaire), domain specific physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), and depressive symptoms (Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). Linear regression analyses were used to determine the associations between diet quality, physical activity and postnatal depressive symptoms. There was a significant inverse association between total physical activity (B, -0.009; 95% CI, -0.016 to -0.001; P = .023) and postnatal depressive symptoms. No association was found between other domain-specific physical activity (i.e. leisure-time, domestic or transport-related physical activity), or diet quality and postnatal depressive symptoms. Acknowledging the cross-sectional nature of this study, these findings suggest that total physical activity may play a more important role than diet quality in the relationship with postnatal depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam J Pollak
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Catherine M Milte
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences.
| | - Paige van der Pligt
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences.
| | - Megan Teychenne
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences.
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15
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Frequency and pattern of exercise and depression after two years in older Japanese adults: the JAGES longitudinal study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11224. [PMID: 30046117 PMCID: PMC6060146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Few have clarified what exercise frequencies and patterns (e.g. alone or with others) are effective for preventing depression in older adults. We examined the relationship between total frequency and/or pattern of exercise and the risk of depression after two years in older Japanese adults. We used a sub-sample of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) performed in 2011 and 2013. The sample for analysis was 1,422 adults aged 65 years or older without depression and low physical strength in 2011. All variables were assessed with a questionnaire including the geriatric depression screening scale (GDS-15). Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between exercise in 2011 and depression in 2013 (0 = non-depression, 1 = depression). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for later depression was 0.52 (95% confidence intervals: 0.33–0.81) for exercise two or more times a week compared to non-exercisers. The OR for exercisers who exercise with others even a little (Ewo) was 0.53 (0.34–0.84) compared to non-exercisers. Among combinations of frequency and pattern, the OR for Ewo who exercise two or more times a week was 0.40 (0.24–0.68) compared to non-exercisers. Exercising at least twice a week and/or with others may be useful in preventing depression in older adults.
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16
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Deng Y, Paul DR. The Relationships Between Depressive Symptoms, Functional Health Status, Physical Activity, and the Availability of Recreational Facilities: a Rural-Urban Comparison in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults. Int J Behav Med 2018; 25:322-330. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-018-9714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Understanding temporal relationships between depression, falls, and physical activity in a cohort of post-hospitalized older adults - a breakthrough or a conundrum? Int Psychogeriatr 2017. [PMID: 28625203 DOI: 10.1017/s104161021700103x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical depression affects approximately 15% of community-dwelling older adults, of which half of these cases present in later life. Falls and depressive symptoms are thought to co-exist, while physical activity may protect an older adult from developing depressive symptoms. This study investigates the temporal relationships between depressive symptoms, falls, and participation in physical activities amongst older adults recently discharged following extended hospitalization. METHODS A prospective cohort study in which 311 older adults surveyed prior to hospital discharge were assessed monthly post-discharge for six months. N = 218 completed the six-month follow-up. Participants were recruited from hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. The survey instrument used was designed based on Fiske's behavioral model depicting onset and maintenance of depression. The baseline survey collected data on self-reported falls, physical activity levels, and depressive symptoms. The monthly follow-up surveys repeated measurement of these outcomes. RESULTS At any assessment point, falls were positively associated with depressive symptoms; depressive symptoms were negatively associated with physical activity levels; and, physical activity levels were negatively associated with falls. When compared with data in the subsequent assessment point, depressive symptoms were positively associated with falls reported over the next month (unadjusted OR: 1.20 (1.12, 1.28)), and physical activity levels were negatively associated with falls reported over the next month (unadjusted OR: 0.97 (0.96, 0.99) household and recreational), both indicating a temporal relationship. CONCLUSION Falls, physical activity, and depressive symptoms were inter-associated, and depressive symptoms and low physical activity levels preceded falls. Clear strategies for management of these interconnected problems remain elusive.
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18
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Teychenne M, Abbott G, Lamb KE, Rosenbaum S, Ball K. Is the link between movement and mental health a two-way street? Prospective associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and depressive symptoms among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Prev Med 2017; 102:72-78. [PMID: 28694061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the bi-directional relationship between different domains of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and depressive symptoms among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Victoria, Australia. Women (n=1033), aged 18-46years at Wave 1 (2007/08), completed self-report measures of PA (leisure-time, transport, occupational, domestic), SB (TV viewing, computer use, overall sitting time) and depressive symptoms (CES-D 10) at each study time-point (Wave 2: 2010/11, Wave 3: 2012/13). Separate linear mixed models were fitted to examine if change in depressive symptoms differed dependent on each of the baseline PA or SB measures. Similarly, baseline depressive symptoms were used as a predictor of change in PA and SB. In secondary analyses, associations between baseline PA or SB and odds of becoming 'at risk' of depression among those not 'at risk' at baseline were examined using logistic regression. There was no evidence that change in depressive symptoms differed depending on PA or SB at baseline. In general, there was also no evidence that change in PA or SB differed depending on baseline depressive symptoms. One exception was change in leisure-time PA, which declined more among those with heightened depressive symptoms at baseline (Interaction: β=-0.003, 95% CI=-0.007, -0.0003). Transport-related PA (adjusted OR=1.06, 95% CI=1.013, 1.101) and domestic PA (adjusted OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.003, 1.040) were associated with greater odds of becoming at risk of depression at wave 3. There was limited evidence of a bi-directional relationship between PA, SB and depressive symptoms in women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Teychenne
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Australia
| | - Karen E Lamb
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Australia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; The Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - Kylie Ball
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Australia
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19
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White RL, Babic MJ, Parker PD, Lubans DR, Astell-Burt T, Lonsdale C. Domain-Specific Physical Activity and Mental Health: A Meta-analysis. Am J Prev Med 2017; 52:653-666. [PMID: 28153647 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The mental health benefits of physical activity are well established. However, less is known about whether the relationship between physical activity and mental health is consistent across different life domains. It is important to understand how context may influence the relationship between physical activity and mental health so that interventions and policy guidelines can be tailored to maximize positive effects. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION In 2015, systematic searches of four databases identified 13,435 records, of which 98 studies met the inclusion criteria. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Included studies were published between 1988 and 2015 and had a combined sample size of 648,726. Of the 98 included studies, 93 examined leisure-time physical activity, 14 examined work-related physical activity, 15 examined transport physical activity, 16 examined household physical activity, three examined school sport, and three examined physical education. Multi-level meta-analyses showed that leisure-time physical activity (r =0.13) and transport physical activity (r =0.13) both had a positive association with mental health. Leisure-time physical activity (r = -0.11) and school sport (r = -0.09) both had an inverse association with mental ill-health. However, physical activity was not consistently associated with lower mental ill-health across domains, as work-related physical activity was positively associated with mental ill-health (r =0.09). Household physical activity and participation in physical education had no relationship with mental health or mental ill-health. CONCLUSIONS The domain in which physical activity occurs influences the relationship between physical activity and mental health and should, therefore, be considered when developing interventions, treatment programs, and policy guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon Lee White
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark J Babic
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip D Parker
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas Astell-Burt
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Early Start Research Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia.
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20
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Are lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness associated with incident depression? A systematic review of prospective cohort studies. Prev Med 2016; 93:159-165. [PMID: 27765659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is protective from future depression, however, the potential impact of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on the development of depression is less clear. We aimed to investigate if lower levels of CRF are associated with a higher risk for depression onset. Major electronic databases were searched, from inception to January 2016 for prospective cohort studies evaluating the association between CRF and incident depression. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Three prospective studies were identified and data from two studies were pooled. Our data provide preliminary evidence found that people with low CRF and medium CRF were at increased risk of developing depression (n=1,128,290, HR=1.76, 95% CI 1.61-1.91, p<0.001, I2=11.88, and HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.20-1.38, p<0.001, I2=0, respectively). Considered alongside the wider benefits of higher levels of CRF, these findings further support the rationale for interventions specifically targeting fitness, in order to reduce the significant burden associated with depression.
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21
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Liao Y, Lin CY, Huang JH, Park JH. Gender differences in the associations between perceived environment and walking for recreation in Taiwanese adults. Women Health 2016; 57:551-565. [PMID: 27105304 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2016.1181138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examined gender differences in the associations between perceived environmental factors and walking for recreation in Taiwanese adults. In 2014, a telephone-based, cross-sectional survey targeting Taiwanese adults (20-64 years) was conducted. Data on nine items about environmental perception, time spent in walking for recreation, and socio-demographic variables were obtained from 1,065 adults using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long version and its environmental module. Adults who perceived good aesthetics (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-2.23) and reported seeing people being active (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.21-2.06) were more likely to perform 150 minutes of recreational walking per week. Furthermore, significant interactions regarding walking for recreation were observed between gender and five environmental correlates: access to shops (p = .046), the presence of sidewalks (p < .001), access to recreational facilities (p = .02), seeing people being active (p = .001), and aesthetics (p < .001). These five perceived environmental factors were positively associated with recreational walking in women but not in men. Gender is a potential modifier between perceived environment and walking for recreation in adults. Perceived environmental factors appear to be more critical for women in performing health-enhancing levels of recreational walking than they are for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Liao
- a Department of Health Promotion and Health Education , National Taiwan Normal University , Taipei , Taiwan , China
| | - Cheng-Yi Lin
- a Department of Health Promotion and Health Education , National Taiwan Normal University , Taipei , Taiwan , China
| | - Jing-Huei Huang
- b School of Tourism and Hospitality Management , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- c Institute of Convergence Bio-Health , Dong-A University , Busan , South Korea
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22
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Loi SM, Dow B, Moore K, Hill K, Russell M, Cyarto E, Malta S, Ames D, Lautenschlager N. Factors associated with depression in older carers. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2016; 31:294-301. [PMID: 26153792 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is an adverse outcome frequently seen in carers. With the increasing ageing population and reliance on informal carers, this study aims to identify factors associated with depression in carers in the older age group, using factors that have not been previously investigated. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 202 older carers using the Geriatric Depression scale, demographics, personality traits, attitudes to ageing and other carer characteristics. RESULTS Increased hours spent caring and higher levels of neuroticism were all factors associated with depression. The care-recipient diagnosis, other personality traits, attitudes to ageing, leisure-physical activity (PA) and domestic-PA were not significantly associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS These findings have important implications for interventions to target at-risk carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Loi
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Kew, Victoria, Australia.,National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Unit, Melbourne Health, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Briony Dow
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten Moore
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Keith Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa Russell
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Cyarto
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Malta
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Swinburne Institute for Social Research, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola Lautenschlager
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Kew, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and the Western Australia Centre for Health and Aging, University of Western Australia, Perth, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Kuwahara K, Honda T, Nakagawa T, Yamamoto S, Akter S, Hayashi T, Mizoue T. Associations of leisure-time, occupational, and commuting physical activity with risk of depressive symptoms among Japanese workers: a cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2015; 12:119. [PMID: 26384967 PMCID: PMC4575427 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-015-0283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leisure-time physical activity is associated with a lower risk of depression. However, the precise shape of the dose-response relationship remains elusive, and evidence is scarce regarding other domains of activity. We prospectively investigated associations of physical activity during leisure, work, and commuting with risk of depressive symptoms in Japanese workers. METHODS We conducted a cohort study of 29 082 Japanese workers aged 20-64 years without psychiatric disease (including depressive symptoms) at baseline with a maximum 5-year follow-up. Physical activity was self-reported. Depressive symptoms were assessed by 13 self-report questions on subjective symptoms. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incidence of depressive symptoms were calculated using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 4.7 years, 6177 developed depressive symptoms. Leisure exercise showed a U-shaped association with risk of depressive symptoms adjusting for potential confounders. Additional adjustment for baseline depression scores attenuated the association, but it remained statistically significant (P for trend = 0.037). Compared with individuals who engaged in sedentary work, the HR (95% CI) was 0.86 (0.81, 0.92) for individuals who stand or walk during work and 0.90 (0.82, 0.99) for those who are fairly active at work. However, the association disappeared after adjusting for baseline depression scores. Walking to and from work was not associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that leisure-time exercise has a U-shaped relation with depressive symptoms in Japanese workers. Health-enhancing physical activity intervention may be needed for individuals who engage in sedentary work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kuwahara
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan. .,Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Toru Honda
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi, Ltd., 4-3-16 Ohse-cho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 317-0076, Japan.
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi, Ltd., 4-3-16 Ohse-cho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 317-0076, Japan.
| | - Shuichiro Yamamoto
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi, Ltd., 4-3-16 Ohse-cho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 317-0076, Japan.
| | - Shamima Akter
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Hayashi
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi, Ltd., 4-3-16 Ohse-cho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 317-0076, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
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24
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Ruggero CJ, Petrie T, Sheinbein S, Greenleaf C, Martin S. Cardiorespiratory Fitness May Help in Protecting Against Depression Among Middle School Adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2015; 57:60-5. [PMID: 26095409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cross-sectional studies demonstrate a robust association between depression, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents, but longitudinal evidence that can better parse the direction of these effects is scarce and conflicting, and no such studies in adolescents have considered the importance of fitness (as opposed to physical activity per se) for preventing depression. Therefore, the present study sought to determine if cardiorespiratory fitness in the first year of middle school (sixth grade) would protect against developing depression a year later (seventh grade), even after controlling for other risk factors (i.e., preexisting depression levels and weight status). METHODS Participants (N = 437 with 54.9% female) were recruited from six different middle schools during their sixth-grade year and reassessed during the seventh grade. At each assessment, participants completed self-report measures of depression and fitness. Participants were also weighed and were asked to complete a shuttle-run at both points. RESULTS A cross-lagged panel model indicated that cardiorespiratory fitness in the sixth grade was associated with significantly less depression by the seventh grade in girls, even after controlling for preexisting depression and weight. The effect was in the same direction for boys, but was nonsignificant. In both cases, effects were modest to small. CONCLUSIONS Cardiorespiratory fitness had a small, but significant protective effect against developing depression in middle school girls, and may have a similar but smaller effect in boys. Promotion of cardiorespiratory fitness can be an important strategy for preventing depression in middle school adolescents, but needs to be coupled with interventions that more directly address symptom treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo J Ruggero
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas.
| | - Trent Petrie
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Shelly Sheinbein
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Christy Greenleaf
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Scott Martin
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
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25
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Elbelt U, Ahnis A, Riedl A, Burkert S, Schuetz T, Ordemann J, Strasburger CJ, Klapp BF. Associations of physical activity with depressiveness and coping in subjects with high-grade obesity aiming at bariatric surgery: a cross-sectional study. Biopsychosoc Med 2015; 9:16. [PMID: 26110016 PMCID: PMC4479107 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-015-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced physical activity is supposed to be associated with depressiveness and more passive coping patterns. For further evaluation of this assumed relation we studied energy expenditure due to physical activity - usually referred to as activity thermogenesis (AT) - together with depressiveness (clinical diagnosis, depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire), and coping behaviours (Brief COPE Inventory) in 50 patients with high-grade obesity (42 ± 12 years; 9 with II° and 41 with III° obesity) aiming at bariatric surgery. Methods AT was assessed with a portable armband device (SenseWear™ armband). Depressiveness and coping were assessed using validated questionnaires. Results Weight-adjusted non-exercise AT and intensity of physical activity (metabolic equivalent) correlated inversely with body mass index (non-exercise AT: r = −0.32, P < 0.05; mean metabolic equivalent: r = −0.37, P < 0.01) but not with depressiveness. The coping strategies “support coping” and “active coping” showed significant inverse correlations to a) weight-adjusted non-exercise AT (“support coping”: r = −0.34, P < 0.05; “active coping”: r = −0.36, P < 0.05), b) weight-adjusted exercise-related AT (“support coping”: r = −0.36, P < 0.05; “active coping”: r = −0.38, P < 0.01) and c) intensity of physical activity (for mean metabolic equivalent: “support coping”: r = −0.38, P < 0.01; “active coping”: r = −0.40, P < 0.01; for duration of exercise-related AT: “support coping”: r = −0.36, P < 0.05; “active coping”: r = −0.38, P < 0.01). Conclusions AT was not associated with depressiveness. Furthermore, supposed adaptive coping strategies of individuals aiming at bariatric surgery were negatively associated with AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Elbelt
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ; Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Division of General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Ahnis
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Division of General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Riedl
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Division of General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Burkert
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstr. 57, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatjana Schuetz
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juergen Ordemann
- Department of Surgery, Obesity Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian J Strasburger
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burghard F Klapp
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Division of General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Yang X, Hirvensalo M, Hintsanen M, Hintsa T, Pulkki-Råback L, Jokela M, Telama R, Tammelin T, Hutri-Kähönen N, Viikari JSA, Raitakari OT. Longitudinal associations between changes in physical activity and depressive symptoms in adulthood: the young Finns study. Int J Behav Med 2015; 21:908-17. [PMID: 24362904 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-013-9376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous studies have associated physical activity (PA) with lower depressive symptoms, the combined effects of the (1) frequency, (2) intensity, and (3) duration of long-term PA have not been examined in detail. PURPOSE We examined the dose-response association between changes in frequency, intensity, and duration of PA and depressive symptoms in men and women over 6 years. METHODS Participants comprised 1,959 healthy adults (833 men and 1,126 women), aged 24-39 years in 2001, drawn from the ongoing Young Finns Study. PA was assessed using a self-report questionnaire completed in connection with a medical examination in 2001 and 2007. Depressive symptoms were simultaneously assessed using a modified version of Beck's Depression Inventory in both phases. RESULTS High doses of PA at baseline were prospectively associated with fewer depressive symptoms in men, while moderate doses of PA at baseline were inversely associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms in women. Associations between baseline PA and depressive symptom changes were mediated by social and health-related factors which differed between men and women. Long-term participation in regular PA in all dimensions remained remarkably stable (all p < 0.001). Compared to those who remained inactive, the persistently active participants in all dimensions, with the exception of women's intensity group, were more likely to show decreases in depressive symptoms independent of the included confounders. An increase in PA in certain groups was also independently associated with fewer depressive symptoms, particularly in women. CONCLUSIONS Regular and persistent participation in different doses of PA may provide short-term and long-term beneficial effects on depressive symptom changes. The results imply that the moderate to high doses of PA may serve as a buffer against depression in early midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yang
- LIKES-Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Viitaniementie 15a, 40720, Jyväskylä, Finland,
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Physical activity and cognitive function of community Chinese elderly in Hong Kong (HK) and Guangzhou (GZ). Int Psychogeriatr 2015; 27:959-66. [PMID: 25497173 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610214002488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies demonstrated that physical activity may have beneficial effect on cognitive function. The objective of the study was to estimate the association between physical activity and cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly Chinese in Hong Kong (HK) and Guangzhou (GZ). METHODS In the neighborhood of HK and GZ, a convenience sample of 557 (260 in HK and 297 in GZ) older persons without dementia aged over 60 years (73.4 ± 6.5) was recruited. Physical activity was measured using a checklist. Information on physical activity participation, cognitive function, and other variables were collected. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between physical activity and cognitive function. RESULTS Total number of physical activities showed significant association with the delayed recall test (p 0.05) CONCLUSION: Physical activity may not be associated with better cognitive function among elderly Chinese independently of other factors.
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Components of late-life exercise and cognitive function: an 8-year longitudinal study. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2014; 16:568-77. [PMID: 25297968 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-014-0509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The preventive effect of late-life physical exercise on cognitive deterioration has been reported in many cohort studies. However, the effect of exercise, independent of other cognitively demanding and social activities, is equivocal and little is known about the relative contributions of frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise. This study aimed to examine the relationships of exercise and its underlying components with cognitive function and rate of cognitive change over an 8-year period in a nationally representative sample of older Taiwanese. Data from the 1999, 2003, and 2007 phases of the nationwide longitudinal survey were used. Data from a fixed cohort of 1,268 participants aged 70 years or older in 1999 with 8 years of follow-up were analyzed. Cognitive function was assessed using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire. Self-reported frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise were collected. A generalized estimating equation with multivariate adjustment for sociodemographic variables, cognitive and social leisure activities, lifestyle behaviors, and health status was calculated. Participants who were physically active during leisure time had better subsequent cognitive function (incident rate ratios [IRR] = 0.63; 95 % CI, 0.54-0.75) and a slower rate of cognitive decline (p = 0.01). Among the components of exercise, only duration emerged as a predictor of cognitive function (p = 0.01). Older adults engaging in exercise for at least 30 min or more per session are likely to reduce the risk of subsequent cognitive decline. This research supports the case for physical exercise programs for older adults in order to help prevent loss of cognitive function.
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Brunet J, Sabiston CM, O'Loughlin E, Chaiton M, Low NCP, O'Loughlin JL. Symptoms of depression are longitudinally associated with sedentary behaviors among young men but not among young women. Prev Med 2014; 60:16-20. [PMID: 24333606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A habitual sedentary lifestyle is associated with adverse health outcomes; however, the predictors of sedentary behaviors have not been sufficiently explored to inform the development and delivery of effective interventions to reduce sedentary behaviors. This study examined whether reports of symptoms of depression could predict weekly time spent in sedentary behaviors (i.e., television watching, computer use) 4years later. METHOD Self-reported symptoms of depression were assessed at age 20years (2007-08), and television watching time and computer use were assessed at age 24years (2011-12) in 761 adults (45% men) participating in the Nicotine Dependence in Teens study. Data were analyzed using linear regression analysis, with separate models for men and women. RESULTS After controlling for past sedentary behavior, symptoms of depression at age 20years predicted more computer use 4years later in men (R(2)=.21, β=.13, p<.05), but not in women. Symptoms of depression did not predict television watching. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the need to distinguish between types of sedentary behaviors as their predictors may differ. Further, they provide support for the hypothesis that psychological factors, in this case symptoms of depression, may relate to select sedentary behaviors in young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Department of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2W6, Canada.
| | - Erin O'Loughlin
- Research Hospital Center of the Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 3875 Saint-Urbain, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1V1, Canada.
| | - Michael Chaiton
- Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Nancy C P Low
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada.
| | - Jennifer L O'Loughlin
- Research Hospital Center of the Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 3875 Saint-Urbain, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1V1, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, 3875 Saint-Urbain, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1V1, Canada, H2W 1V1.
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Huberty JL, Coleman J, Rolfsmeyer K, Wu S. A qualitative study exploring women's beliefs about physical activity after stillbirth. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2014; 14:26. [PMID: 24433530 PMCID: PMC3901770 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research provides strong evidence for improvements in depressive symptoms as a result of physical activity participation in many populations including pregnant and post-partum women. Little is known about how women who have experienced stillbirth (defined as fetal death at 20 or more weeks of gestation) feel about physical activity or use physical activity following this experience. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore women’s beliefs about physical activity following a stillbirth. Methods This was an exploratory qualitative research study. Participants were English-speaking women between the ages of 19 and 44 years who experienced a stillbirth in the past year from their recruitment date. Interviews were conducted over the phone or in-person based on participants’ preferences and location of residence and approximately 30–45 minutes in length. Results Twenty-four women participated in the study (M age = 33 ± 3.68 years; M time since stillbirth = 6.33 ± 3.06 months). Women’s beliefs about physical activity after stillbirth were coded into the following major themes: barriers to physical activity (emotional symptoms and lack of motivation, tired, lack of time, guilt, letting go of a pregnant body, and seeing other babies), benefits to physical activity (feeling better emotionally/mentally, helping women to cope or be therapeutic), importance of physical activity (working through grief, time for self), motivators for physical activity (body shape/weight, health, more children, be a role model, already an exerciser). Health care providers and their role in physical activity participation was also a major theme. Conclusions This is the first study to qualitatively explore beliefs about physical activity in women after a stillbirth. Women who have experienced stillbirth have unique beliefs about physical activity related to their experience with stillbirth. Findings from this study may help to improve the health and quality of life for women who have experienced stillbirth by utilizing physical activity as a strategy for improving depressive symptoms associated with experiencing a stillbirth. Future research in this area is highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Huberty
- Exercise and Wellness, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
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Khalaila R, Litwin H. Changes in health behaviors and their associations with depressive symptoms among Israelis aged 50+. J Aging Health 2014; 26:401-21. [PMID: 24401321 DOI: 10.1177/0898264313516997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the longitudinal association between changes in health behaviors and depression and determine the mediating effect of health characteristics on this association. METHOD Based on the first and second waves of the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)-Israel, depressive symptoms of 1,524 Israelis aged 50 or older were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS Changes in physical activity and body weight are associated with depressive symptoms after adjusting for confounders. However, after adding measures of health, the respective correlations of weight gain and commenced physical activity with depression disappear, and the correlation between continued activity and depression is reduced. DISCUSSION Changes in health behaviors are related to mental health in late life, but their effect is mediated by physical and functional health. Future interventions should nevertheless target older individuals who stop physical activity and those who remain inactive to lessen the risk of depression.
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Mammen G, Faulkner G. Physical activity and the prevention of depression: a systematic review of prospective studies. Am J Prev Med 2013; 45:649-57. [PMID: 24139780 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Given its high prevalence and impact on quality of life, more research is needed in identifying factors that may prevent depression. This review examined whether physical activity (PA) is protective against the onset of depression. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A comprehensive search was conducted up until December 2012 in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Data were analyzed between July 2012 and February 2013. Articles were chosen for the review if the study used a prospective-based, longitudinal design and examined relationships between PA and depression over at least two time intervals. A formal quality assessment for each study also was conducted independently by the two reviewers. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The initial search yielded a total of 6363 citations. After a thorough selection process, 30 studies were included for analyses. Among these, 25 studies demonstrated that baseline PA was negatively associated with a risk of subsequent depression. The majority of these studies were of high methodologic quality, providing consistent evidence that PA may prevent future depression. There is promising evidence that any level of PA, including low levels (e.g., walking <150 minutes/weeks), can prevent future depression. CONCLUSIONS From a population health perspective, promoting PA may serve as a valuable mental health promotion strategy in reducing the risk of developing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mammen
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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van Uffelen JGZ, van Gellecum YR, Burton NW, Peeters G, Heesch KC, Brown WJ. Sitting-time, physical activity, and depressive symptoms in mid-aged women. Am J Prev Med 2013; 45:276-81. [PMID: 23953353 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations of sitting-time and physical activity with depression are unclear. PURPOSE To examine concurrent and prospective associations between both sitting-time and physical activity with prevalent depressive symptoms in mid-aged Australian women. METHODS Data were from 8950 women, aged 50-55 years in 2001, who completed mail surveys in 2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression questionnaire. Associations between sitting-time (≤ 4 hours/day, >4-7 hours/day, >7 hours/day) and physical activity (none, some, meeting guidelines) with depressive symptoms (symptoms/no symptoms) were examined in 2011 in concurrent and lagged mixed-effect logistic modeling. Both main effects and interaction models were developed. RESULTS In main effects modeling, women who sat >7 hours/day (OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.29, 1.67) and women who did no physical activity (OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.75, 2.27) were more likely to have depressive symptoms than women who sat ≤ 4 hours/day and who met physical activity guidelines, respectively. In interaction modeling, the likelihood of depressive symptoms in women who sat >7 hours/day and did no physical activity was triple that of women who sat ≤ 4 hours/day and met physical activity guidelines (OR 2.96, 95% CI=2.37, 3.69). In prospective main effects and interaction modeling, sitting-time was not associated with depressive symptoms, but women who did no physical activity were more likely than those who met physical activity guidelines to have future depressive symptoms (OR=1.26, 95% CI=1.08, 1.47). CONCLUSIONS Increasing physical activity to a level commensurate with guidelines can alleviate current depression symptoms and prevent future symptoms in mid-aged women. Reducing sitting-time may ameliorate current symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannique G Z van Uffelen
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Teychenne M, York R. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and postnatal depressive symptoms: a review. Am J Prev Med 2013; 45:217-27. [PMID: 23867030 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Postnatal depression is highly prevalent in mothers. Although physical activity has been found to reduce the risk of depression in the general population, little is known regarding its link with postnatal depression. This review examined original research investigating the relationship between physical activity and sedentary behavior dose (frequency, intensity, and duration) and domain, and postnatal depressive symptoms. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic search for original research investigating the relationship between physical activity and sedentary behavior dose and domain, and postnatal depressive symptoms, was performed using several electronic databases in early 2012. A total of ten observational and seven intervention studies were included. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Most studies (one cross-sectional, two longitudinal, and six intervention studies) found an inverse association between postpartum leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and postnatal depressive symptoms. One longitudinal study found that occupational physical activity was positively associated with postnatal depressive symptoms. There was inconclusive evidence to suggest an optimal dose of postpartum physical activity for reducing postnatal depressive symptoms. Two longitudinal studies found an inverse association between antenatal LTPA and presence of postnatal depressive symptoms. One of two studies that investigated sedentary behavior found a positive cross-sectional association between sedentary behavior and presence of postnatal depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Although studies are limited, on balance, LTPA prior to, during, and after pregnancy may be important for reducing the risk of postnatal depression. Further research is required to determine the optimal dose and domain of physical activity for reducing postnatal depressive symptoms as well as to examine the link between sedentary behavior and postnatal depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Teychenne
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
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van der Waerden JEB, Hoefnagels C, Hosman CMH, Souren PM, Jansen MWJ. A randomized controlled trial of combined exercise and psycho-education for low-SES women: short- and long-term outcomes in the reduction of stress and depressive symptoms. Soc Sci Med 2013; 91:84-93. [PMID: 23849242 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Exercise may have both a preventive and a therapeutic impact on mental health problems. The Exercise without Worries intervention aims to reduce stress and depressive symptoms in low-SES women by means of a group-based program combining physical exercise and psycho-education. Between September 2005 and May 2008, 161 Dutch low-SES women with elevated stress or depressive symptom levels were randomly assigned to the combined exercise/psycho-education intervention (EP), exercise only (E) or a waiting list control condition (WLC). The E condition provided low to moderate intensity stretching, strength, flexibility, and body focused training as well as relaxation, while the EP program integrated the exercise with cognitive-behavioral techniques. Depressive symptoms (CES-D) and perceived stress (PSS) were measured before and immediately after the intervention and at 2, 6 and 12 month follow-up. Multilevel linear mixed-effects models revealed no differential patterns in reduction of CES-D or PSS scores between the EP, E and WLC groups on the short (post-test and 2 month follow-up) or long term (6 and 12 months follow-up). Depressive symptom outcomes were moderated by initial depressive symptom scores: women from the EP and E groups with fewer initial symptoms benefited from participation on the short term. Further, women in the EP and E groups with the lowest educational level reported more stress reduction at post-test than women with higher educational levels. In the overall target population of low-SES women, no indications were found that the Exercise without Worries course reduced depressive symptom and stress levels on the short or long term. The findings do suggest, however, that exercise alone or in combination with psycho-education may be a viable prevention option for certain groups of disadvantaged women. Especially those low-SES women with less severe initial problems or those with low educational attainment should be targeted for future depression prevention practice.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored whether young adults with major depression who are physically active differ in their depression symptom profile from those physically inactive. METHODS Analyses included data from 950 (47.6%) men and 1045 women (mean [standard deviation] age = 31.5 [2.6] years) participating in a national study. Participants reported leisure physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and ambulatory activity (pedometer steps per day). Diagnosis and symptoms of major depression were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS Prevalence of major depression was 5.5% (n = 52) for men and 11.6% (n = 121) for women. Interactions between physical activity and sex were observed for depressed mood, appetite changes, vacillating thoughts, and suicidality (all, p < .050). Among those with major depression, physically active men were significantly less likely to endorse the presence of insomnia (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.63-0.96), fatigue (PR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69-0.99), and suicidality (PR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.49-0.96) compared with inactive men. Physically active women were significantly less likely to endorse hypersomnia (PR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.27-0.95), excessive/irrational guilt (PR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.59-0.97), vacillating thoughts (PR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58-0.95), and suicidality (PR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20-0.89) compared with inactive women. Associations were adjusted for age, physical health, educational attainment, depression severity, and other depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Among adults with major depression, those physically active seem to differ in their depression symptom profile from those physically inactive.
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A systematic review of baseline psychosocial characterisation in dietary randomised controlled trials for weight loss. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67:697-702. [PMID: 23612509 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE To investigate the extent of baseline psychosocial characterisation of subjects in published dietary randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for weight loss. SUBJECTS/METHODS Systematic review of adequately sized (n ≥ 10) RCTs comprising ≥ 1 diet-alone arm for weight loss were included for this systematic review. More specifically, trials included overweight (body mass index >25 kg/m(2)) adults, were of duration ≥ 8 weeks and had body weight as the primary outcome. Exclusion criteria included specific psychological intervention (for example, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)), use of web-based tools, use of supplements, liquid diets, replacement meals and very-low calorie diets. Physical activity intervention was restricted to general exercise only (not supervised or prescribed, for example, VO2 maximum level). RESULTS Of 176 weight-loss RCTs published during 2008-2010, 15 met selection criteria and were assessed for reported psychological characterisation of subjects. All studies reported standard characterisation of clinical and biochemical characteristics of subjects. Eleven studies reported no psychological attributes of subjects (three of these did exclude those taking psychoactive medication). Three studies collected data on particular aspects of psychology related to specific research objectives (figure scale rating, satiety and quality-of-life). Only one study provided a comprehensive background on psychological attributes of subjects. CONCLUSION Better characterisation in behaviour-change interventions will reduce potential confounding and enhance generalisability of such studies.
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Dhananjai S, Sadashiv, Tiwari S, Dutt K, Kumar R. Reducing psychological distress and obesity through Yoga practice. Int J Yoga 2013; 6:66-70. [PMID: 23439736 PMCID: PMC3573546 DOI: 10.4103/0973-6131.105949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Yoga practice has been effectively prescribed in conjunction with other medical and yogic procedures in the management of severe psychosomatic diseases, including cancer, bronchial asthma, colitis, peptic and ulcer. It improves strength and flexibility, and may help control physiological variables such as blood pressure, lipids, respiration, heart rate, and metabolic rate to improve overall exercise capacity. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Yogic Practice on anxiety/depression associated with obesity. Materials and Methods: Patients were recruited from the Department of Physiology, C.S.M. Medical University (erstwhile KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 272 subjects were divided into two groups: 1) group of 205 subjects (with yogic practice) and 2) a control group of 67 subjects (with aerobic exercise). Assessment of anxiety and depression were done by Hamilton Rating Scale. Result: This study supports yoga as an effective tool with no diet restriction to improve anxiety and depression symptoms as well as obesity in obese subjects Conclusion: Incorporating yogic asana in the treatment protocol of patients suffering from anxiety and depression may prove beneficial in the long run
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhananjai
- Department of Physiology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
Engagement in walking for recreation can contribute to healthy aging. Although there is growing evidence that the neighborhood environment can influence walking for recreation, the amount of such evidence in relation to older adults is scarce and limited to Western low-density urban locations. Asian urban environments are typified by distinctive environmental and cultural characteristics that may yield different patterns to those observed in Western countries. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to examine associations of perceived environmental attributes with overall and within-neighborhood walking for recreation in Chinese elders (65+ years) residing in Hong Kong, an ultradense Asian metropolis. A sample of 484 elders was recruited from 32 neighborhoods stratified by socio-economic status and walkability (dwelling and intersection densities). Validated questionnaires measuring perceived neighborhood environment and weekly minutes of overall and within-neighborhood walking for recreation were interviewer administered. Results showed that the level of recreational walking was twice to four times higher than that reported in Western adults and elders. While overall walking for recreation showed a general lack of associations with perceived environmental attributes, within-neighborhood recreational walking was positively related with proximity of recreational facilities, infrastructure for walking, indoor places for walking, and presence of bridge/overpasses connecting to services. Age and educational attainment moderated the associations with several perceived environmental attributes with older and less-educated participants showing stronger associations. Traditional cultural views on the benefits of physical activity and the high accessibility of facilities and pedestrian infrastructure of Hong Kong may explain the high levels of walking. Although specific neighborhood attributes, or their perception, may influence recreational walking within the neighborhood, the compactness and public transport affordability of ultradense metropolises such as Hong Kong may make it easy for elders to compensate for the lack of favorable neighborhood attributes by walking outside the neighborhood.
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Li K, Davison KK, Jurkowski JM. Mental health and family functioning as correlates of a sedentary lifestyle among low-income women with young children. Women Health 2012; 52:606-19. [PMID: 22860706 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2012.705243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The authors in this cross-sectional study examined mental health and family environmental factors related to a sedentary lifestyle, including lack of leisure-time physical activity and high levels of television viewing, among low-income mothers/female guardians of preschool-aged children. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 131 mothers in 2010. Primary outcome measures included television viewing time (minutes/day) and leisure-time physical activity (<150 versus ≥150 minutes per week). Independent variables included depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and family functioning. Demographic factors (age, marriage, work status, education, number of children in the household, and race/ethnicity) were examined as potential covariates. Participating women watched television on average 186.1 minutes/day (i.e., >3 hours). Additionally, 36% of women engaged in less than the recommended 150-minute leisure-time physical activity per week. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that greater depressive symptoms (B = 76.4, p < 0.01) and lower family functioning (B = 33.0, p < 0.05) were independently related to greater television viewing when controlling for other variables. No independent factors were identified for lack of leisure-time physical activity when controlling for other covariates. Findings suggest that health promotion efforts to promote an active lifestyle among low-income women with young children should address mental health and family functioning factors, especially depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaigang Li
- Department of Health Policy, Management and Behavior, University at Albany (SUNY), Albany, New York, USA
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Kull M, Ainsaar M, Kiive E, Raudsepp L. Relationship between low depressiveness and domain specific physical activity in women. Health Care Women Int 2012; 33:457-72. [PMID: 22497329 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2011.645968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated how different domains of physical activity are associated with depressiveness among women, and how individual variables moderate this relationship. Participants were 956 women, and the data were collected by mail-out survey using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, and International Personality Item Pool. Lower depressiveness was related to higher leisure time physical activity and to lower occupational physical activity. Income, health problems, level of neuroticism, and extraversion had strong effects on depressiveness, and mediated the link between the leisure and occupational activities and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merike Kull
- Institute of Sport Pedagogy and Coaching Science, Faculty of Exercise and Sports Sciences, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia.
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Physical activity and depressive symptoms in older adults: 11-year follow-up. Am J Prev Med 2012; 42:355-62. [PMID: 22424248 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the reciprocal relationships between naturally occurring changes in physical activity and depressive symptoms in later life. PURPOSE This study examined the reciprocal associations between changes in physical activity and depressive symptoms in a population-based sample of Taiwanese older adults over an 11-year period. METHODS Analyses were based on nationally representative data from the Taiwan's Health and Living Status of the Elderly Survey collected in 1996, 1999, 2003, and 2007. Data from the fixed cohort of 1160 participants aged ≥67 years in 1996 with 11 years of follow-up were studied. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the ten-item Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. Physical activity was self-reported as the number of sessions per week. Latent growth modeling was used to examine the bidirectional associations between changes in physical activity and depressive symptoms when controlling for sociodemographic variables, lifestyle behaviors, and health status. Data analyses were completed in 2011. RESULTS With multivariate adjustment, initial levels of physical activity were negatively associated with changes in depressive symptoms (β=-0.34, p<0.05). In contrast, early depressive symptoms were not related to change in physical activity (β=-0.17, p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity engagement in later life is associated with a lower risk of subsequent depressive symptoms, but the reverse association is not supported. The finding has underlying implications for future physical activity and mental health promotion in aged populations.
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Chen LJ, Stevinson C, Ku PW, Chang YK, Chu DC. Relationships of leisure-time and non-leisure-time physical activity with depressive symptoms: a population-based study of Taiwanese older adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2012; 9:28. [PMID: 22413813 PMCID: PMC3353843 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited research has explored the relationship between non-leisure-time physical activity (NLTPA), including domestic and work-related physical activities, with depressive symptoms. This study was designed to elucidate independent associations between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), NLTPA, and specific parameters of physical activity (frequency, duration and intensity) with depressive symptoms in older adults. Methods A total of 2,727 persons aged ≥ 65 years participating in the 2005 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey were studied. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Information regarding energy parameters for each type of LTPA and NLTPA during the past 2-week period was analyzed. After adjusting for socio-demographic variables, lifestyle behaviors and health status, multivariate logistic regression models were used to compute adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for LTPA and NLTPA for predicting depressive symptoms. Results LTPA but not NLTPA was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Compared with participants expending 2000+ kcal/week through LTPA, the risk of experiencing depressive symptoms was significantly higher for those expending 1-999 kcal/week (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.25-3.39), and those who expending 0 kcal/week (AOR = 3.72, 95%CI: 2.28-6.06). Among the three parameters of LTPA (intensity, duration and frequency) examined, only intensity was independently associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions These findings imply that exercise recommendations for older adults should emphasize the importance of higher intensity activity, rather than frequency or duration, for improved mental well-being. However, well-designed prospective cohort studies or intervention trials are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jung Chen
- Department of Exercise Health Science, National Taiwan University of Physical Education and Sport, No, 16, Section 1, Shuang-Shih Rd, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Ku PW, Stevinson C, Chen LJ. Prospective associations between leisure-time physical activity and cognitive performance among older adults across an 11-year period. J Epidemiol 2012; 22:230-7. [PMID: 22343329 PMCID: PMC3798624 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20110084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the relations between naturally occurring changes in physical activity and cognitive performance in later life. This study examined prospective associations between changes in physical activity and cognitive performance in a population-based sample of Taiwanese older adults during an 11-year period. METHODS Analyses were based on nationally representative data from the Taiwan Health and Living Status of the Elderly Survey collected in 1996, 1999, 2003, and 2007. Data from a fixed cohort of 1160 participants who were aged 67 years or older in 1996 and followed for 11 years were included. Cognitive performance (outcome) was assessed using 5 questions from the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire. Physical activity (exposure) was self-reported as number of sessions per week. The latent growth model was used to examine associations between changes in physical activity and cognitive performance after controlling for sociodemographic variables, lifestyle behaviors, and health status. RESULTS With multivariate adjustment, higher initial levels of physical activity were significantly associated with better initial cognitive performance (standardized coefficient β = 0.17). A higher level of physical activity at baseline (1996) was significantly related to slower decline in cognitive performance, as compared with a lower level of activity (β = 0.22). The association between changes in physical activity and changes in cognitive performance was stronger (β = 0.36) than the previous 2 associations. The effect remained after excluding participants with cognitive decline before baseline. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity in later life is associated with slower age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wen Ku
- Graduate Institute of Sports and Health, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City, Taiwan.
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45
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Bryant E, Caudwell P, Hopkins M, King N, Blundell J. Psycho-markers of weight loss. The roles of TFEQ Disinhibition and Restraint in exercise-induced weight management. Appetite 2012; 58:234-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Song MR, Lee YS, Baek JD, Miller M. Physical Activity Status in Adults with Depression in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2006. Public Health Nurs 2011; 29:208-17. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00986.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ryeong Song
- Department of Nursing; Hoseo University; Asan-si; South Korea
| | - Young-Shin Lee
- School of Nursing; San Diego State University; San Diego; California
| | - Jong-Duek Baek
- Graduate School of Public Health; San Diego State University; San Diego; California
| | - Marci Miller
- School of Nursing; San Diego State University; San Diego; California
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Basch CE. Physical activity and the achievement gap among urban minority youth. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2011; 81:626-634. [PMID: 21923875 DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00637.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To outline the prevalence and disparities of physical activity among school-aged urban minority youth, causal pathways through which low levels of physical activity and fitness adversely affects academic achievement, and proven or promising approaches for schools to increase physical activity and physical fitness among youth. METHODS Literature review. RESULTS A large proportion of youth is insufficiently physically active. Estimates of population-wide levels of physical activity indicate that Black and Hispanic youth are less physically active than White youth, with disparities particularly evident for females. The population segments of youth with lowest levels of physical activity and fitness also have least access to school-based physical activity opportunities and resources. Physical activity affects metabolism and all major body systems, exerting powerful positive influences on the brain and spinal cord and, consequently, on emotional stability, physical health, and motivation and ability to learn. The cornerstone of school-based physical activity programs should be a high-quality physical education program based on national standards. Such programs are strongly recommended by the Task Force on Community Preventive Services as a way to increase physical activity and physical fitness among youth. CONCLUSIONS Physical inactivity is highly and disproportionately prevalent among school-aged urban minority youth, has a negative impact on academic achievement through its effects on cognition, and effective practices are available for schools to address this problem. Increasing students' physical activity and physical fitness can best be achieved through a comprehensive approach that includes physical education, wise use of recess and after-school times, co-curricular physical activity opportunities, and bicycling or walking to and from school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Basch
- Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Demissie Z, Siega-Riz AM, Evenson KR, Herring AH, Dole N, Gaynes BN. Associations between physical activity and postpartum depressive symptoms. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2011; 20:1025-34. [PMID: 21668353 PMCID: PMC3130516 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2010.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum women are at increased risk for developing depression, which can contribute to the ill health of the mother and her family. Previous research indicates that mothers who are physically active during leisure experience lower levels of postpartum depressive symptoms than do inactive mothers. The objective of this investigation was to examine the associations between total and domain-specific moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and depressive symptoms postpartum. METHODS Data were obtained from 550 women who participated in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition (PIN) Postpartum Study, a prospective cohort of mothers who delivered liveborn infants from October 2002 to December 2005 in North Carolina. Three-month postpartum MVPA was investigated as a predictor of 12-month postpartum depressive symptoms. RESULTS Those who participated in MVPA had two times the odds of developing elevated depressive symptoms at 12 months postpartum than those with no MVPA (odds ratio [OR] 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.71-6.75). Different associations were suggested when examining domain-specific MVPA. Those participating in adult and child care and indoor household MVPA at 3 months postpartum had more than double the odds of developing elevated depressive symptoms at 12 months postpartum (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.03, 8.11 and OR 2.72, 95% CI 0.96-10.18, respectively). Work MVPA conferred a doubling of the odds (OR 1.95, 95% CI 0.46-7.13), but recreational and outdoor household MVPA showed no associations with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Associations between MVPA and depressive symptoms differed by domain among postpartum women. Future studies of postpartum depressive symptoms should explore reasons for differences in physical activity by domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewditu Demissie
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USA.
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Mackay LM, Schofield GM, Oliver M. Measuring physical activity and sedentary behaviors in women with young children: a systematic review. Women Health 2011; 51:400-21. [PMID: 21707341 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2011.574794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence indicates that women with young children are less active than women without children. In this review the authors investigated the methods of measuring physical activity employed in studies of women with young children (aged 1-5 years) and the associated challenges in measurement. Articles from databases (MEDLINE, OVID, CINAHL, Google Scholar) and manual searches were limited to English peer-reviewed journals published from 1990 to 2010. Studies that included measurement of physical activity in samples of women with young children were selected. Measurement properties were extracted, and original reliability and validity articles were reviewed for physical activity measurement tools used by 15 samples. The evidence base was dominated by self-report measurement tools, many of which assessed leisure-time physical activity only. Use of motion sensors to assess physical activity in this population was limited. It is likely that much of the habitual physical activity performed by women with young children has not been captured by self-report measures. Further investigation should be undertaken using tools that capture adequately all health-enhancing physical activity among women with young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Mackay
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
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50
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Brumby S, Chandrasekara A, McCoombe S, Torres S, Kremer P, Lewandowski P. Reducing psychological distress and obesity in Australian farmers by promoting physical activity. BMC Public Health 2011; 11:362. [PMID: 21600058 PMCID: PMC3118243 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have confirmed that the rate of mental illness is no higher in rural Australians than that of urban Australians. However, the rate of poor mental health outcomes, and in particular suicide, is significantly raised in rural populations. This is thought to be due to lack of early diagnosis, health service access, the distance-decay effect, poor physical health determinants and access to firearms. Research conducted by the National Centre for Farmer Health between 2004 and 2009 reveals that there is a correlation between obesity and psychological distress among the farming community where suicide rates are recognised as high. Chronic stress overstimulates the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that is associated with abdominal obesity. Increasing physical activity may block negative thoughts, increase social contact, positively influence brain chemistry and improve both physical and mental health. This paper describes the design of the Farming Fit study that aims to identify the effect of physical activity on psychological distress, obesity and health behaviours such as diet patterns and smoking in farm men and women. METHODS/DESIGN For this quasi-experimental (convenience sample) control-intervention study, overweight (Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m(2)) farm men and women will be recruited from Sustainable Farm Families™ (SFF) programs held across Victoria, Australia. Baseline demographic data, health data, depression anxiety stress scale (DASS) scores, dietary information, physical activity data, anthropometric data, blood pressure and biochemical analysis of plasma and salivary cortisol levels will be collected. The intervention group will receive an exercise program and regular phone coaching in order to increase their physical activity. Analysis will evaluate the impact of the intervention by longitudinal data (baseline and post intervention) comparison of intervention and control groups. DISCUSSION This study is designed to examine the effect of physical activity on psychological health and other co-morbidities such as obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia within a high-risk cohort. The outcomes of this research will be relevant to further research and service delivery programs, in particular those tailored to rural communities. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN12610000827033.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Brumby
- National Centre for Farmer Health, Western District Health Service, Hamilton Vic 3300, Australia.
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