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Wang Y, He Q, Rong K, Zhu M, Zhao X, Zheng P, Mi Y. Vitamin D3 promotes gastric cancer cell autophagy by mediating p53/AMPK/mTOR signaling. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1338260. [PMID: 38259281 PMCID: PMC10800859 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1338260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Vitamin D3 has the general properties of a lipid-soluble vitamin, but is also an active steroid hormone that can regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of many tumor cells, and exerts anticancer activity against numerous malignancies. However, the mechanism underlying the effects of vitamin D3 on tumors is not fully understood. Here, we used network pharmacology and in vitro experimental approaches to explore the mechanism of vitamin D3 activity in the context of gastric cancer. Methods: The Targetnet, SuperPred, SwissTargetPrediction, and PharmMapper databases were screened for potential drug-related targets, while we used data from the PharmGKB, Drugbank, OMIM, DisGeNET, CTD, and GeneCards databases to identify potential targets associated with gastric cancer. Disease-drug crossover genes were obtained by constructing Venn diagrams. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of crossover genes were conducted and STRING was used to generate protein interaction networks and identify core targets. CCK-8 experiments were performed and apoptosis detected to assess the effect of vitamin D3 on gastric cancer cells. Western blotting was applied to detect p53/AMPK/mTOR signaling, as well as autophagy-, cell cycle-, and apoptosis-related proteins. Results: A total of 485 targets of vitamin D3 activity were obtained and 1200 gastric cancer disease-related targets discovered. Further, 60 potential targets for vitamin D3 in gastric cancer treatment were identified. KEGG analysis indicated that potential targets were mainly involved in the cell cycle, HIF-1 signaling, and the AMPK pathway, among other pathways. These findings were validated using cellular experiments, which demonstrated that the viability of AGS and SGC-7901 cells was impeded by vitamin D3. Further, vitamin D3 promoted apoptosis and inhibited the cell cycle in those cell lines, as well as activating the p53/AMPK/mTOR pathway, which promotes autophagy and inhibits tumor development. Conclusion: Our network pharmacological analyses provide preliminarily data supporting a role for vitamin D3 in promoting autophagy and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, and in activating the p53/AMPK/mTOR pathway, which inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation. Our findings demonstrate the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of vitamin D3 in cure of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall B. J. Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qingmin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kang Rong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall B. J. Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingyang Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall B. J. Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Pengyuan Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall B. J. Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall B. J. Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Yu Y, Cheng S, Huang H, Deng Y, Cai C, Gu M, Chen X, Niu H, Hua W. Joint association of sedentary behavior and vitamin D status with mortality among cancer survivors. BMC Med 2023; 21:411. [PMID: 37904126 PMCID: PMC10617233 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior and vitamin D deficiency are independent risk factors for mortality in cancer survivors, but their joint association with mortality has not been investigated. METHODS We analyzed data from 2914 cancer survivors who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018) and followed up with them until December 31, 2019. Sedentary behavior was assessed by self-reported daily hours of sitting, and vitamin D status was measured by serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. RESULTS Among 2914 cancer survivors, vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in those with prolonged daily sitting time. During up to 13.2 years (median, 5.6 years) of follow-up, there were 676 deaths (cancer, 226; cardiovascular disease, 142; other causes, 308). The prolonged sitting time was associated with a higher risk of all-cause and noncancer mortality, and vitamin D deficiency was associated with a higher risk of all-cause and cancer mortality. Furthermore, cancer survivors with both prolonged sitting time (≥ 6 h/day) and vitamin D deficiency had a significantly higher risk of all-cause (HR, 2.05; 95% CI: 1.54-2.72), cancer (HR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.47-3.70), and noncancer mortality (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.33-2.74) than those with neither risk factor after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative sample of U.S. cancer survivors, the joint presence of sedentary behavior and vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cancer-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yu
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Sijing Cheng
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Chi Cai
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Min Gu
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xuhua Chen
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Hongxia Niu
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
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3
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Zhao X, Wang J, Zou L. Vitamin D and gastric cancer - A systematic review and meta-analysis. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:1080-1087. [PMID: 37334809 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective: to explore the association between serum vitamin D level and the occurrence and pathological grade of gastric cancer. Material a nd methods: search PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and Chinese database; all articles about the association between serum vitamin D levels and gastric cancer published before July 2021. Results: 10 trials with 1159 cases of gastric cancer patients and 33,387 cases of regular control patients were analyzed. The serum vitamin D level of the gastric cancer group (15.56 ± 7.46 ng/ml) was lower than in the control group (17.60 ± 1.61 ng/ml), and the difference was statistically significant. The patients with gastric cancer, clinical stage III/IV (16.19 ± 8.04 ng/ml) had lower vitamin D levels than those with stage I/II (19.61 ± 9.61 ng/ml), and the patients with low differentiation of gastric cancer (17.5 ± 9.5 ng/ml) had lower levels than those with well- or moderately-differentiated cancer (18.04 ± 7.92 ng/ml). The patients with lymph node metastasis (19.41 ± 8.63 ng/ml) had lower vitamin D levels than the patients without lymph node metastasis (20.65 ± 7.96 ng/ml), and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: vitamin D levels were negatively associated with gastric cancer. Vitamin D levels were significantly associated with different clinical stages, degrees of differentiation, and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that low vitamin D levels might predict poor prognosis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- Sichuan Mental Health Center. The Third Hospital of Mianyang
| | - Jie Wang
- Graduate Division. North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Long Zou
- Sichuan Mental Health Center. The Third Hospital of Mianyang
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Oh SE, Youn HG, Oh SJ, Choi MG, Lee JH, Sohn TS, Bae JM, An JY. Trends in vitamin D level and risk of vitamin D deficiency after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A retrospective study of a single high-volume center experience. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 53:74-79. [PMID: 36657933 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Post-gastrectomy vitamin D deficiency can result in osteoporosis and fractures, which can decrease patient quality of life and increase their socioeconomic burden. However, because there is no consensus around preoperative measurement and regular postoperative monitoring of serum vitamin D [25(OH)vitD] level for gastric cancer patients, we performed a retrospective study with a single high-volume center experience. METHODS We reviewed a database of 614 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative gastrectomy between December 2015 and December 2019. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for 25(OH)vitD deficiency after one year postoperative (n = 546). A linear mixed model was used to evaluate changes between preoperative (n = 585) and postoperative (6 [n = 504] and 12 months [n = 572]) 25(OH)vitD values. RESULTS Preoperative 25(OH)vitD deficiency occurred in 67.7% of patients with gastric cancer. Patients who underwent postoperative chemotherapy for advanced pathologic disease were more likely to be 25(OH)vitD deficient at postoperative year one than those who did not receive chemotherapy (P = 0.005). Postoperative chemotherapy was an independent risk factor along with preoperative 25(OH)vitD level for one year postoperative 25(OH)vitD deficiency (P = 0.002). Meanwhile, there was significant change in 25(OH)vitD level after surgery according to reconstruction (increased in Billroth I group compared to gastrojejunostomy group, P = 0.016), pathologic stage (increased in stage I group, decreased in stage II and III group, P = 0.005), postoperative chemotherapy (increased in non-chemotherapy group, decreased in chemotherapy group, P = 0.001), and season of surgery (increased when the blood tests were performed at summer, decreased when tested in non-summer season, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION More than half of gastric cancer patients had preoperative 25(OH)vitD deficiency, and those who had postoperative chemotherapy were at risk for 25(OH)vitD deficiency one year after surgery. There was a significant change in 25(OH)vitD level after surgery according to reconstruction method and postoperative chemotherapy. Preoperative measurement and regular postoperative monitoring should be considered for high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Oh
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Geun Youn
- Department of Surgery, VHS Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Min-Gew Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Sung Sohn
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Moon Bae
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Yeong An
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Zou X. Correlation between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8390-8400. [PMID: 36354721 PMCID: PMC9689382 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] levels and gastric cancer. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, The China Academic Journals full-text database, Wanfang Database of Chinese Academic Journals, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature database were systematically searched. Case-control studies on the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and gastric cancer were retrieved, and the data extracted were analyzed. The results of 9 case-control studies containing 671 patients showed that serum 25(OH)D levels in the gastric cancer group were lower than those in the control group (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -8.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): -11.5, -6.32, p < 0.01); the risk of vitamin D deficiency in the gastric cancer group was higher than that in the control group (Odds ratio = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.96, 4.87, p < 0.01). The serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with well and moderately differentiated gastric cancer were higher than those in patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer (WMD = -3.58, 95% CI: -6.41, -0.74, p = 0.01). Thus, low levels of vitamin D may increase the risk of gastric cancer. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022327942.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-24-87970052
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6
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Nguyen MT, Huynh NNY, Nguyen DD, Ta NH, Van Nguyen T, Dang HT, Le NT. Vitamin D intake and gastric cancer in Viet Nam: a case-control study. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:838. [PMID: 35915393 PMCID: PMC9341043 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most recent laboratory studies have suggested a promising role of vitamin D and its analogs as novel chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment. However, epidemiological evidence, especially regarding the effects of vitamin D on gastric cancer is still inconsistent. Objectives Our research aimed to evaluate the associations between vitamin D intake and the risk of developing gastric cancer through a case-control study in North Vietnam. Methods We accessed databases of the previous completed case-control studies to derive 1182 incident gastric cancer cases and 2995 hospital controls selected from hospitals in Hanoi from 2003 to 2019. Vitamin D intake was computed by multiplying the food frequency intake with nutrient content based on the Viet Nam Food Composition Tables. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews by trained interviewers using the validated semi-quantitative food frequency and demographic lifestyle questionnaires. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR and 95%CI) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results We observed a continual decline in gastric cancer risk according to the level-up of vitamin D intake in both genders, men, and women [Fifth vs. bottom quintile, OR, 95%CI: 0.68 (0.53, 0.86), OR, 95%CI: 0.72 (0.53, 0.97), OR, 95%CI: 0.58 (0.38, 0.89), respectively. Per increment quintile, the statistically significant decreased risk was seen by 7% in men and 13% in women. The significant inverse association between vitamin D intake remained in the subgroups of ever and never tobacco smoking; negative and positive H. pylori infection. Conclusion The findings suggested that sufficient vitamin D intake was associated with a lower risk of Gastric Cancer in the Vietnamese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thien Nguyen
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan
| | - Nhi Ngoc Yen Huynh
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan
| | - Dai Duc Nguyen
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan
| | - Nguyen Ha Ta
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan
| | - Tai Van Nguyen
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan
| | - Huy Thanh Dang
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan
| | - Ngoan Tran Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang City, Viet Nam. .,Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan.
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7
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Chen LW, Chang LC, Hua CC, Cheng TC, Lee CC. Comparing the Expressions of Vitamin D Receptor, Cell Proliferation, and Apoptosis in Gastric Mucosa With Gastritis, Intestinal Metaplasia, or Adenocarcinoma Change. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:766061. [PMID: 34881266 PMCID: PMC8645899 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.766061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), cell proliferation, and apoptosis in the gastric mucosa of patients with gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and adenocarcinoma using artificial intelligence. Material and Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled patients at the Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from November of 2016 to June, 2017, who were diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma. The inclusion criteria were patients' pathologic reports that revealed all compartments of Helicobacter pylori infection, gastritis, IM, and adenocarcinoma simultaneously in the same gastric sample. Tissue slides after immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were transformed into digital images using a scanner and counted using computer software (QuPath and ImageJ). IHC staining included PA1-711 antibody for VDR, Ki67 antigen for proliferation, and M30 antibody CK18 for apoptosis. Results: Twenty-nine patients were included in the IHC staining quantitative analysis. The mean age was 69.1 ± 11.3 y/o. Most (25/29, 86.2%) patients had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The mean expression of Ki67 and CK18 increased progressively from gastritis and IM to adenocarcinoma, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). VDR expression did not correlate with Ki67 or CK18 expression. Survival time was only correlated with tumor stage (correlation coefficient = −0.423, P value < 0.05), but was not correlated with the expression of VDR, Ki67, and CK18. Conclusion: Ki67 expression and CK18 expression progressively increased in the areas of gastritis, IM, and adenocarcinoma. No correlation between VDR expression and Ki67 or CK18 expression was found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Che Chang
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Hua
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chan Lee
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
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8
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Shah S, Iqbal Z, Alharbi MG, Kalra HS, Suri M, Soni N, Okpaleke N, Yadav S, Hamid P. Vitamin D and Gastric Cancer: A Ray of Sunshine? Cureus 2021; 13:e18275. [PMID: 34722053 PMCID: PMC8545571 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, currently ranking third among cancers leading to death worldwide. Despite the recent advancements in GC research, it is most often diagnosed during the terminal stages and with limited treatment modalities contributing to its poor prognosis and a lower survival rate. Much research has provided conflicting results between a vitamin D deficient status and the development of GC. Vitamin D is a well-known and essential hormone classically known to regulate calcium and phosphate absorption, enabling adequate mineralization of the skeletal system. However, the function of vitamin D is multidimensional. It possesses unique roles, including acting as antioxidants or immunomodulators while crossing the cell membrane, performing several intracellular functions, participating in gene regulation, and controlling the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells, including those of GC. In light of this, it is imperative to analyze the causes of GC, review the factors that can be used to enhance the effectiveness of treatments, and discover the tools to determine prognosis, reduce mortality, and prevent GC development. In this review, we have summarized recent investigations on multiple associations between vitamin D and GC, emphasizing genetic associations, vitamin D receptors, and the prevalence of hormone deficiency in those developing this aggressive malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Shah
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Emergency Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mohammed G Alharbi
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Harjeevan S Kalra
- Internal Medicine/Emergency Medicine/Oncology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Megha Suri
- Pediatrics/Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Nitin Soni
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Nkiruka Okpaleke
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shikha Yadav
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Pousette Hamid
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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9
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Bahrami A, Sahebkar A. Vitamin D as a Potential Therapeutic Option in Cancer Treatment: Is There a Role for Chemoprevention? Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:2138-2149. [PMID: 32729431 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620999200729192728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (Vit D) serves as a precursor to the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, which regulates numerous genes that control homeostasis, epithelial cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Low level of Vit D is implicated in the development and progression of several diseases including bone fractures, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancers. The present review highlights the role of vitamin D in cancer with a particular emphasis on genetic variants related to Vit D metabolism as well as clinical trials of Vit D supplementation as a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of cancer patients. METHODS Data were collected following an electronic search in the Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, and Scopus databases by using some keywords such as "cancer", "tumor", "malignancy", "vitamin D", "cholecalciferol" and "calcitriol". RESULTS The collected evidence from the studies revealed a consistent and strong association between Vit D status and cancer risk and survival. The associations between Vit D-related genetic variants and cancer survival support the hypothesis that Vit D may affect cancer outcomes. The mechanisms whereby Vit D reduces cancer risk and increases survival are regulation of cellular differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis as well as decreased angiogenesis in tumor microenvironment and inhibition of metastasis. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of evidence-based recommendations for the optimal 25(OH)D levels in patients with cancer and the role of Vit D supplementation for primary or secondary prevention of cancer. Well-designed and sufficiently powered randomized clinical trials are necessary to assess the clinical application of Vit D in enhancing the clinical efficacy of standard and adjuvant chemotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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10
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Gallardo Martin E, Cousillas Castiñeiras A. Vitamin D modulation and microRNAs in gastric cancer: prognostic and therapeutic role. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:3111-3127. [PMID: 35116620 PMCID: PMC8797897 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma arises after a complex interaction between the host and environmental factors. Tumor location and TNM are the tools that currently guide treatment decisions. Surgery is the only curative treatment, but relapse is common. After relapse or advanced staged disease survival is poor and systemic treatment has modestly improved survival. An association between sun exposure, vitamin D status and gastric cancer (GC) incidence and mortality has been reported. The molecular differences of the histological subtypes and the new molecular classifications account for the great heterogeneity of this disease and are the basis for the discovery of new therapeutic targets. New prognostic and predictive factors are essential and microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNA molecules with a great potential for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer. There are hundreds of miRNAs with altered expression in tumor gastric tissue when compared to normal gastric tissue. Many of these miRNAs are associated with clinicopathological variables and survival in patients with GC. Furthermore, the expression of some of these miRNAs with prognostic importance in CG is influenced by vitamin D and others are mediators of some of the actions of this vitamin. This review aims to update the evidence on several miRNAs with prognostic value and therapeutic potential in GC, whose expression may be influenced by vitamin D or may regulate vitamin D signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gallardo Martin
- Medical Oncology Department in Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, University Hospital of Pontevedra, CP 36001 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Antia Cousillas Castiñeiras
- Medical Oncology Department in Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, University Hospital of Pontevedra, CP 36001 Pontevedra, Spain
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11
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Calderón-Gerstein WS, Torres-Samaniego G. High altitude and cancer: An old controversy. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2021; 289:103655. [PMID: 33766749 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2021.103655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ecological studies have found that individuals that live at high altitude regions and in places where ultraviolet radiation is maximal, have lower rates of different types of cancer. However, there is evidence that in these same regions, genetic mutations that are prooncogenic, develop, as they are needed to increase human adaptability to hypoxic environments. Debate has arisen between researchers who consider high altitude environments as suitable for human longevity because of its protective effects against malignancies, and scientists that have reported an increased incidence of different type of cancers in these same regions. Evidence is presented that altitude is related to the development of genetic alterations in micro RNAs, p53 protein, lymphocyte activity, decrease in Fas Ligand and other proapoptotic molecules, as well as increase in prometastatic VGEF an HIF. Notwithstanding, higher vitamin D and ultraviolet B levels, and a better metabolic profile, taken together with lower pollution levels hves been related to lower incidence and mortality rates from malignancies in a series of epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter S Calderón-Gerstein
- Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru; EsSalud Junín, Peru; Altitude Medicine Research Association (ASIMEDIAL), Peru.
| | - Gabriela Torres-Samaniego
- San Pedro de Cajas Health Post, EsSalud, Tarma, Peru; Altitude Medicine Research Association (ASIMEDIAL), Peru
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12
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Carabotti M, Annibale B, Lahner E. Common Pitfalls in the Management of Patients with Micronutrient Deficiency: Keep in Mind the Stomach. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010208. [PMID: 33450823 PMCID: PMC7828248 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies are relatively common, in particular iron and cobalamin deficiency, and may potentially lead to life-threatening clinical consequences when not promptly recognized and treated, especially in elderly patients. The stomach plays an important role in the homeostasis of some important hematopoietic micronutrients like iron and cobalamin, and probably in others equally important such as ascorbic acid, calcium, and magnesium. A key role is played by the corpus oxyntic mucosa composed of parietal cells whose main function is gastric acid secretion and intrinsic factor production. Gastric acid secretion is necessary for the digestion and absorption of cobalamin and the absorption of iron, calcium, and probably magnesium, and is also essential for the absorption, secretion, and activation of ascorbic acid. Several pathological conditions such as Helicobacter pylori-related gastritis, corpus atrophic gastritis, as well as antisecretory drugs, and gastric surgery may interfere with the normal functioning of gastric oxyntic mucosa and micronutrients homeostasis. Investigation of the stomach by gastroscopy plus biopsies should always be considered in the management of patients with micronutrient deficiencies. The current review focuses on the physiological and pathophysiological aspects of gastric acid secretion and the role of the stomach in iron, cobalamin, calcium, and magnesium deficiency and ascorbate homeostasis.
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13
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Khazaei S, Mohammadbeigi A, Jenabi E, Asgarian A, Heidari H, Saghafipour A, Arsang-Jang S, Ansari H. Environmental and ecological factors of stomach cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review study on ecological studies. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2020; 35:443-452. [PMID: 32683335 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stomach cancer (SC) is one of the most common and deadly types of cancer. It is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The effect of environmental and ecological factors in SC have been assessed in some studies. Thus, we aimed to synthesize the environmental and ecological factors of SC incidence and mortality. CONTENT In this systematic review study, the scientific databases, including Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed, were searched from inception to November 2019 for all primary articles written in English by using relevant Medical Subject Heading (Mesh) terms. Two independent authors conducted the screening process to decide on the eligibility and inclusion of the articles in the study. The third author acted as an arbiter to resolve any disagreements. SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK A total of 157 potentially relevant articles were identified from the initial search 38 of which met the eligibility criteria; finally, 34 articles were included in the systematic review. The results revealed that soil arsenic exposure, coal and other opencast mining installations, living near incinerators and installations for the recovery or disposal of hazardous waste, installations for the production of cement, lime, plaster, and magnesium oxide, proximity to a metal industry sources, dietary iron, ingested asbestos, farming, arsenic in soil, altitude, organochlorines and environmental exposure to cadmium and lead have positive associations with SC incidence or death. Most of the ecological and environmental factors such as living near the mineral industries, the disposal of hazardous waste, metal industry sources and environmental exposure to cadmium and lead are positively related to SC mortality and incidence. However, solar UV-B, heat index and dietary zinc can be taken into account as protective factors against SC mortality and incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Khazaei
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Jenabi
- Autism Spectrum Disorders Research center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Asgarian
- Izadi Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Heidari
- Department of Occupational Health, Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Abedin Saghafipour
- Department of Public Health, Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Health Promotion Research Center, Faculty of Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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14
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Association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and gastric adenocarcinoma - a cross sectional study. GASTROENTEROLOGY REVIEW 2020; 16:155-160. [PMID: 34276843 PMCID: PMC8275964 DOI: 10.5114/pg.2020.100659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Vitamin D is found to have anti-cancer properties. Although the preventive role of vitamin D in cancer is proven, its role in gastric cancer is equivocal. Aim To evaluate vitamin D deficiency in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and its relationship with the disease characteristics. Material and methods This single-centre, prospective, cross sectional study was carried out from February 2017 to December 2018. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels of 94 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 94 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were estimated. Among cases, vitamin D levels and disease characteristics such as TNM stage, tumour grade, clinical stage and patient demographics were analysed. Results The vitamin D levels among cases (13.83 ±5.97 ng/ml) were significantly lower (p < 0.0001) than the control group (29.15 ±4.13 ng/ml). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 88% of cases and in 3% of controls. Among cases, age, T stage and clinical stage had a significant inverse relationship with vitamin D levels. Cases with distant metastasis and cases with pain had significantly lower levels of vitamin D compared to the cases without distant metastasis and without pain respectively. Other study parameters did not have a significant relationship with vitamin D. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is associated with occurrence of gastric adenocarcinoma and correlates with the disease severity. However, to assign a causal relationship and to study the beneficial effect of vitamin D in gastric cancer, further research is needed.
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15
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Vitamin D Status and Gastric Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study in Koreans. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072004. [PMID: 32640566 PMCID: PMC7400919 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sufficient vitamin D levels are associated with reduced Helicobacter pylori infections, which can cause gastric carcinogenesis. We examined associations between vitamin D concentrations and gastric cancer (GC) prevalence in a Korean population. We analyzed data of 33,119 adults using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations as a biomarker of vitamin D status. Participants were classified with GC if previously diagnosed as such by a physician. After controlling for age, sex and body mass index (model A), odds ratio (OR) for GC was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70, 0.95), with a 5-ng/mL increment in total 25(OH)D concentrations. In fully adjusted models (model B), the OR for GC was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.98), with a 5-ng/mL increment in total vitamin D. Following the classification of vitamin D concentrations into three categories or for GC in model A was 0.52 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.92) comparing between higher (≥20 ng/mL) and lower (<12 ng/mL) total 25(OH)D concentrations. In model B OR for GC was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.32, 1.00) comparing between higher and lower total 25(OH)D concentrations. Our results suggested that high vitamin D concentration was associated with lower ORs of GC in Korean adults.
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16
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Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Janbabaei G, Alizadeh-navaei R, Amjadi O, Mahdavi Izadi J, Omrani-Nava V. Association between pre-chemotherapy serum levels of vitamin D and clinicopathologic findings in gastric cancer. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020; 11:290-294. [PMID: 32874436 PMCID: PMC7442461 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.11.3.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the serum levels of vitamin D in newly diagnosed gastric cancer (GC) patients compared with normal subjects and any possible association with prognostic variables. METHODS One-hundred subjects (50 GC and 50 controls) were enrolled and serum vitamin D levels were assessed using ELISA. Based on two definitions, vitamin D was classified as a sufficient level (≥30 ng/dL) and optimal level (25-80 ng/dL). The χ2and unpaired t-test was used for data analysis with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS The mean serum levels of vitamin D in patients and controls were 26.86 (±14.6) and 31.72 (±13.4), respectively (P=0.09). The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was higher in GC cases than controls (P=0.045 if sufficient level ≥30 and P=0.065 if sufficient level ≥25). According to histological grade analysis, grade 3 patients (poorly differentiated) were found with significantly lower vitamin D concentrations in serum than grade 1 and 2 subjects (22.25 vs 33.29 ng/dL, P=0.021). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) stages, distant metastasis, and location of the tumor. CONCLUSION Higher prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in GC patients may reflect its role in malignancy; however, further studies are needed to confirm this relationship and any possible benefits to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghasem Janbabaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Omolbanin Amjadi
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jeyran Mahdavi Izadi
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Versa Omrani-Nava
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Correspondence: Versa Omrani-Nava, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. E-mail: , Tel: 0098 1133361640 , Fax: 0098 1133361640
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17
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Mahendra A, Karishma, Choudhury BK, Sharma T, Bansal N, Bansal R, Gupta S. Vitamin D and gastrointestinal cancer. J Lab Physicians 2020; 10:1-5. [PMID: 29403195 PMCID: PMC5784277 DOI: 10.4103/jlp.jlp_49_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D serves as a precursor to the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, which has widespread actions throughout the body. Calcitriol regulates numerous cellular pathways that could have a role in determining cancer risk and prognosis. Low Vitamin D levels have been implicated in numerous disease processes including fracture risk, falls, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancers. Metabolite of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) regulates numerous genes that control gut physiology and homeostasis. 1,25(OH)2D3 serves various functions such as maintaining the integrity of epithelial barrier and absorption of calcium and phosphate, and the host's defense against pathogens, and the inflammatory response by several types of secretory and immune cells. Although epidemiological data remain inconsistent, and randomized control trials in humans do not yet exist to conclusively support a beneficial role for Vitamin D, results from some correlating studies strongly suggest that Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing cancer and that avoiding deficiency and adding Vitamin D supplements might be an economical and safe way to reduce cancer incidence and improve cancer prognosis and outcome. The present review highlights the role of Vitamin D in cancer of the gastrointestinal tract including esophagus, gastric (stomach), liver, pancreas, and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Mahendra
- Department of Oral Pathology, Chandra Dental College, Barabanki, India
| | - Karishma
- Department Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sardar Patel Postgraduate Institute of Medical and Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Choudhury
- Department Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences and Sum Hospital, Kalinga Nagar, Shampur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Tamanna Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, Himachal Dental College, Sundernagar, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Bansal
- Department Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr HS Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, PU, Chandigarh, India
| | - Richa Bansal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shivangi Gupta
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Nalagarh, Himachal Pradesh, India
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18
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The effects of serum levels, and alterations in the genes of binding protein and receptor of vitamin D on gastric cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6413-6420. [PMID: 31549372 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to many biological cell functions of vitamin D including regulation of cell survival, proliferation and differentiation, the metabolism of itself gains importance in the development of several types of cancer. This case-control study was designed to evaluate the risk of gastric cancer development in terms of VDR rs2228570 & rs731236, and VDBP rs7041 polymorphisms, and serum levels of vitamin D. The study consists of 77 gastric cancer patients and 84 healthy individuals. VDR and VDBP gene polymorphisms and vitamin D levels were determined by using PCR-RFLP and HPLC methods. The distribution of VDR or VDBP gene variants were not different in study groups. The serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly lower in gastric cancer patients versus controls (16 ± 6 → 11 ± 6 ng/ml) in which male patients have higher levels than females. Although the whole study population lacks normal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, it was found that the risk of the development of gastric cancer was approximately fourfold higher in cases with severe vitamin D (< 10 ng/ml) deficiency. Our results indicate that VDR rs731236 & rs2228570 or VDBP rs7041 polymorphisms were not risk factors for the development of gastric cancer individually, however, lower serum levels of vitamin D may be a contributory risk for both predisposition and development of gastric cancer.
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19
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Parsamanesh N, Moossavi M, Tavakkoli T, Javdani H, Fakharian T, Moossavi SZ, Naseri M. Positive correlation between vitamin D receptor gene TaqI variant and gastric cancer predisposition in a sample of Iranian population. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15044-15047. [PMID: 30666644 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second cause of cancer-related mortality and the fourth most common cancers worldwide. Owing to the immune modulatory effect of vitamin D in the body, the role of vitamin D receptor gene in vitamin D regulation receives a great deal of research interest. The aim of the current study was to highlight the association between two variants of TaqI and FokI in the vitamin D receptor gene and gastric cancer predisposition in a sample of South Khorasan population. The present investigation consisted of 69 patients affected with gastric cancer and 100 healthy individuals. The genomic DNA was extracted by salting out the protocol from peripheral venous blood. Genotyping of TaqI and FokI variants were performed by PCR-RFLP method. Our findings manifested that TC genotype of TaqI polymorphism was statistically significant between the case and the control groups (p = 0.002). Moreover, the frequency of TC + CC genotypes was statistically significant between the two groups (p = 0.009). Furthermore, we could not find any meaningful association between FokI variant and the participant groups. The present results declared that, in our population, TC genotype of TaqI polymorphism has an association with gastric cancer susceptibility. In addition, more investigation with greater sample sizes is needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Parsamanesh
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Moossavi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Tavakkoli
- Internal Medicine Department, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hossein Javdani
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahereh Fakharian
- Internal Medicine Department, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Naseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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20
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Juhász O, Jakab Z, Szabó A, Garami M. Examining the Vitamin D Status of Children With Solid Tumors. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:128-134. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1616233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Juhász
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Jakab
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics; National Childhood Cancer Registry, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - András Szabó
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - Miklós Garami
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Hungary
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21
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Goyal H, Perisetti A, Rahman MR, Levin A, Lippi G. Vitamin D and Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Narrative Review. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:1098-1109. [PMID: 30511197 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) performs various activities throughout the body. Although low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with several disease processes such as risk of fractures and falls, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus, recent evidence attests that this important hormone also regulates several cellular pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Calcitriol modulates several genes controlling gut physiology and calcium homeostasis and also maintains the integrity of epithelial barriers, regulates the absorption of phosphate and calcium, and modulates host defense against pathogens and inflammatory response by interplaying with several types of secretory and immune cells. Vitamin D deficiency is significantly related to increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. This deficiency can be prevented by vitamin D supplementation which is both economical and safe. This can lower the risk of developing cancer and also improve the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, but epidemiological data remain inconsistent. Several retrospective observational studies have demonstrated the benefits of vitamin D supplementation, but a few randomized controlled trials have not seemingly supported the beneficial role of vitamin D supplementation in gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, in this literature review, we aimed to examine the possible role of vitamin D in gastrointestinal malignancies, including gastric, esophageal, pancreatic, hepatic, and colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Goyal
- Mercer University School of Medicine, 707 Pine St, Macon, GA, 31201, USA.
| | - Abhilash Perisetti
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - M Rubayat Rahman
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Avi Levin
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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22
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Zhao Y, Cai LL, Wang HL, Shi XJ, Ye HM, Song P, Huang BQ, Tzeng CM. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 affects gastric cancer progression by repressing BMP3 promoter methylation. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2343-2353. [PMID: 30992671 PMCID: PMC6445188 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s195642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D3 has been known to have an anticancer effect, but the mechanisms underlying this is poorly explored. The present study aimed to investigate the antitumor role of vitamin D3 on gastric cancer and mechanisms. Methods The Roche Elecsys platform was applied in retrospective studies to detect the role of 25-hydroxylvitamin D3 in adenocarcinoma and colony formation assay was conducted to verify the effect of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. After the identification of hypermethylation of BMP3 CpG islands by bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS), we further investigated the relationship of BMP3 expression and gastric carcinogenesis by Western blot analysis and gel electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results Here we show that low concentration of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 links to can-cerization and significantly inhibits proliferation of undifferentiated gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 and BGC-823. BMP3 promoter hypermethylation was highly correlated with gastric tumor. Moreover, BMP3 expression was regulated by its promoter methylation in gastric cells. The further exploration of the relationship between 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and BMP3 by EMSA results that 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates BMP3 expression by the inhibition of BMP3 promoter methylation in gastric tumor cells. Conclusion In combination with the data from clinical research, bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification, we propose that 1, 25-hydroxylvitamin D3 affects gastric cancer progression by repressing BMP3 promoter methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China, .,Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Liang Cai
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ling Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiao-Juan Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hui-Ming Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Qi Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Meng Tzeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China,
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Repurposing vitamin D for treatment of human malignancies via targeting tumor microenvironment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:203-219. [PMID: 30972274 PMCID: PMC6437556 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells along with a small proportion of cancer stem cells exist in a stromal microenvironment consisting of vasculature, cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells and extracellular components. Recent epidemiological and clinical studies strongly support that vitamin D supplementation is associated with reduced cancer risk and favorable prognosis. Experimental results suggest that vitamin D not only suppresses cancer cells, but also regulates tumor microenvironment to facilitate tumor repression. In this review, we have outlined the current knowledge on epidemiological studies and clinical trials of vitamin D. Notably, we summarized and discussed the anticancer action of vitamin D in cancer cells, cancer stem cells and stroma cells in tumor microenvironment, providing a better understanding of the role of vitamin D in cancer. We presently re-propose vitamin D to be a novel and economical anticancer agent.
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Key Words
- 1,25(OH)2D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
- 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3
- 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D
- CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- CSC, cancer stem cell
- Cancer stem cell
- Cancer-associated fibroblast
- DBP/GC, vitamin D-binding protein
- ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- GI, gastrointestinal
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PC, pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- PG, prostaglandin
- PSC, pancreatic stellate cells
- TDEC, tumor derived endothelial cell
- TIC, tumor initiating cell
- TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
- Tumor-derived endothelial cell
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte
- VDR, vitamin D receptor
- VDRE, VDR element
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- Vitamin D
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Najafi E, Khanjani N, Ghotbi MR, Masinaei Nejad ME. The association of gastrointestinal cancers (esophagus, stomach, and colon) with solar ultraviolet radiation in Iran-an ecological study. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:152. [PMID: 30739209 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Iran has variations in the incidence of cancer in its different provinces. Moreover, it is one of the countries with a high incidence of gastrointestinal cancers in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between the incidence of esophageal, stomach, and colon cancers with ultraviolet radiation. This is an ecological study. The age-standardized incidence of cancer from 2004 to 2008 was obtained from the National Cancer Registry of Iran for all provinces. UV index data was taken from the world weather site. The altitude and latitude of cities were obtained from the National Topography Organization. Demographic variables were taken from the STEPS report of the Ministry of Health. In this study, lung cancer were used as the index of the effects of smoking. Data were analyzed using the SPSS22 software and through linear regression. UV emission levels showed a strong negative correlation with the incidence of esophageal and gastric cancers, in both genders, in all years. However, this correlation was stronger in men. UV radiation showed a significant correlation with colon cancer among both genders as well. There was no relation between altitude and incidence of cancer. Linear regression results showed that with a unit increase in UV, the incidence of gastric and esophagus cancers in males decreases by β = -4.99 and β = - 3.16 significant coefficients, respectively. Cities with higher levels of UV index have a relatively lower incidence of gastrointestinal cancers. Ultraviolet radiation may act as a protective factor against these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Najafi
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Ghotbi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
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Association of TLR4 Polymorphisms, Expression, and Vitamin D with Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Pers Med 2019; 9:jpm9010002. [PMID: 30641993 PMCID: PMC6463146 DOI: 10.3390/jpm9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the strongest recognized risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. Since previous observations have shown that polymorphisms in innate immune system genes, as well as vitamin D (VitD) levels, could modify the risk of infection with Helicobacterpylori (H. pylori), we analyzed the relation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLRs (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4) CD14, RUNX3 and VitD levels with H. pylori infection. A case-control study on four hundred sixty Lebanese individuals was conducted. Eleven SNPs in total were genotyped and gene expression analysis using real-time PCR was performed in white blood cells of a subsample of eight individuals. A total of 49% of the participants were affected. Although no direct association was found between the SNPs and H. pylori infection, rs4986790G>A and rs4986791T>C in TLR4 were negatively associated with VitD levels (β = −0.371, p = 5 × 10−3 and β = −0.4, p = 2 × 10−3, respectively), which was negatively associated with H. pylori infection (OR = 0.01, p < 1 × 10−3). TLR4 expression was 3× lower in individuals with H. pylori compared with non-infected (p = 0.01). TLR4 polymorphisms, expression, and VitD could be implicated in H. pylori infection and further development of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Weinstein SJ, Mondul AM, Yu K, Layne TM, Abnet CC, Freedman ND, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Lim U, Gail MH, Albanes D. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D up to 3 decades prior to diagnosis in relation to overall and organ-specific cancer survival. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 33:1087-1099. [PMID: 30073448 PMCID: PMC6195863 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While vitamin D has been associated with improved overall cancer survival in some investigations, few have prospectively evaluated organ-specific survival. We examined the accepted biomarker of vitamin D status, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and cancer survival in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Of 4616 cancer cases with measured serum 25(OH)D, 2884 died of their cancer during 28 years of follow-up and 1732 survived or died of other causes. Proportional hazards regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between pre-diagnostic 25(OH)D and overall and site-specific survival. Serum 25(OH)D was significantly lower among cases who subsequently died from their malignancy compared with those who did not (medians 34.7 vs. 36.5 nmol/L, respectively; p = 0.01). Higher 25(OH)D was associated with lower overall cancer mortality (HR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.67-0.85 for highest vs. lowest quintile, p-trend < 0.0001). Higher 25(OH)D was related to lower mortality from the following site-specific malignancies: prostate (HR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.55-1.01, p-trend = 0.005), kidney (HR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.35-0.98, p-trend = 0.28), and melanoma (HR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.20-0.78, p-trend = 0.01), but increased mortality from lung cancer (HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.02-1.61, p-trend = 0.19). Improved survival was also suggested for head and neck, gastric, pancreatic, and liver cancers, though not statistically significantly, and case numbers for the latter two organ sites were small. Higher 25(OH)D status years prior to diagnosis was related to improved survival for overall and some site-specific cancers, associations that should be examined in other prospective populations that include women and other racial-ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Alison M Mondul
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tracy M Layne
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Racheal Z Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Unhee Lim
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Mitchell H Gail
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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27
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High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and influencing factors among urban and rural residents in Tianjin, China. Arch Osteoporos 2018; 13:64. [PMID: 29860553 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-018-0479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There was a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among residents in Tianjin, China, especially among female residents, rural young adults, and elderly individuals. This is the first large-scale study evaluating vitamin D status in Tianjin, China, and we believe that it makes a significant contribution to the literature. PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency has been documented as a worldwide public health problem. To our knowledge, there has not been any large-scale study on vitamin D status in Tianjin, China. The aim of this study was to investigate vitamin D status among Tianjin residents and to determine influencing factors. METHODS This is a community-based study, and residents from both urban and rural areas of Tianjin were enrolled. Each participant completed a questionnaire regarding basic characteristics and lifestyle information. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were statistically analyzed according to sex, age, and region. Other factors associated with vitamin D deficiency were also explored. RESULTS A total of 1814 participants were included, with mean serum 25(OH)D level of 49.44 ± 14.9 nmol/L; only 47.63% achieved the optimal (50-125 nmol/L) 25(OH)D level. Serum 25(OH)D levels were higher among male participants than among female participants (53.44 ± 13.94 versus 46.55 ± 14.91 nmol/L, P < 0.05) and among urban participants than among rural participants (50.4 ± 16.32 versus 48.65 ± 13.58 nmol/L, P < 0.05). Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher among the age group of 40-49 years (50.7 ± 17.99 nmol/L) than among the ≥ 70 years (48.45 ± 14.49 nmol/L) or 18-29 years (47.81 ± 13.08 nmol/L) age groups. CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/inadequacy among Tianjin residents, especially among female participants, rural young adults, and elderly individuals. Vitamin D supplementation is imperative for these high-risk vitamin D-deficient residents.
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Singh K, Gandhi S, Batool R. A Case-Control Study of the Association between Vitamin D Levels and Gastric Incomplete Intestinal Metaplasia. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050629. [PMID: 29772698 PMCID: PMC5986508 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Low circulating vitamin D levels are associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, but whether vitamin D levels are associated with premalignant gastric mucosal changes is unknown. Here, we determined associations between vitamin D levels and gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia, a known gastric adenocarcinoma risk factor. Methods: This was a retrospective, unmatched, case-control study comparing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels among subjects with gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia (cases; n = 103) and those without gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia (controls; n = 216). The 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were categorized as normal (30–100 ng/dL), vitamin D insufficiency (VDi; 20–29 ng/dL), and vitamin D deficiency (VDd; <20 ng/dL). Using multivariable logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and adjusted to age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus, and timing of vitamin D collection to assess associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia. Results: A majority of case subjects were male, Hispanic, and did not have hypertension or diabetes mellitus. The average serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was significantly lower in the intestinal metaplasia group than the control group (19.7 ng/dL vs. 34.7 ng/dL; p < 0.001). Hypovitaminosis D was more common in subjects with incomplete intestinal metaplasia in a multivariable regression model (OR 54.1, 95% CI 21.8–134.3; p < 0.001). VDd (OR 129.0, 95% CI 43.7–381.2; p < 0.001) and VDi (OR 31.0, 95% CI 11.9–80.3; p < 0.001) were more common in patients with incomplete intestinal metaplasia than healthy subjects, with VDd slightly more prevalent than VDi (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.7–9.6; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are more common in patients with gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia than healthy subjects and may play a role in the development of premalignant phenotypes related to gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11206, USA.
| | - Soren Gandhi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University School of Medicine, Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11206, USA.
| | - Raffat Batool
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York University School of Medicine, Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11206, USA.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York Medical College, Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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29
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Du C, Yang S, Zhao X, Dong H. Pathogenic roles of alterations in vitamin D and vitamin D receptor in gastric tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29474-29486. [PMID: 28206978 PMCID: PMC5438745 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, especially in Japan, Korea and China, and the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer is less than 30%. Thus, it is important to shed more lights on novel agents to prevent gastric cancer or to improve survival rate of the patients. Vitamin D not only maintains calcium and bone homeostasis, but also mostly inhibits tumor genesis, invasion, and metastasis through activation of vitamin D receptor. Although epidemiological results are not consistent, accumulating evidence from gastric cancer cells, animal models, and clinical trials suggest that vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk and mortality of gastric cancer, but vitamin D supplement might be a safe and economical way to prevent or treat gastric cancer. Here, we reviewed the current studies on vitamin D and its receptor and focused on the pathogenic roles of their alterations in gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
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30
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Sun F, Sun H, Mo X, Tang J, Liao Y, Wang S, Su Y, Ma H. Increased survival rates in gastric cancer, with a narrowing gender gap and widening socioeconomic status gap: A period analysis from 1984 to 2013. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:837-846. [PMID: 29052260 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) has the fifth highest incidence rate of all cancers and has a poor prognosis. However, no recent large-scale and long-term studies have evaluated the incidence and survival rates of individuals with GC. METHODS In order to explore the change of GC incidence and survival rates by age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status (SES), incidence data and survival status of patients with GC between 1984 and 2013 were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Totally, 87 242 cases of GC were exported and were analyzed. RESULTS During these three decades, the incidence of GC was 7.4, 6.8, and 5.5 per 100 000 individuals in each decade. The 1-year relative survival rates (RSRs) improved from 42.4% to 44.3% to 49.0% (P < 0.0001), with a larger increase seen in the third decade. However, the long-term survival rates remained low (from 17.8% to 20.3% to 22.9% for the 5-year RSRs, P < 0.0001; from 14.1% to 16.4% to 18.6% for the 10-year RSRs, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our analysis demonstrated the decreased incidence and increased survival rate of GC. In addition, lower SES was associated with lower survival rates. It is notable that others (primarily for Asians) had the highest incidence rate but had better outcomes than Whites and Blacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengze Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanhuan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangqiong Mo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjun Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cancer Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yifeng Liao
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuncong Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghui Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiqing Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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31
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The Association Between Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) and Gastric Cancer and Evaluation of Nutrient Intakes of Gastric Cancer Patients: A Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.9747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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32
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1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 suppresses gastric cancer cell growth through VDR- and mutant p53-mediated induction of p21. Life Sci 2017; 179:88-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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33
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Vaughan-Shaw PG, O'Sullivan F, Farrington SM, Theodoratou E, Campbell H, Dunlop MG, Zgaga L. The impact of vitamin D pathway genetic variation and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D on cancer outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1092-1110. [PMID: 28301870 PMCID: PMC5396104 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D has been linked with improved cancer outcome. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the relationship between cancer outcomes and both vitamin D-related genetic variation and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of papers until November 2016 on PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science pertaining to association between circulating vitamin D level, functionally relevant vitamin D receptor genetic variants and variants within vitamin D pathway genes and cancer survival or disease progression was performed. RESULTS A total of 44 165 cases from 64 studies were included in meta-analyses. Higher 25OHD was associated with better overall survival (hazard ratio (HR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.66-0.82) and progression-free survival (HR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.77-0.91). The rs1544410 (BsmI) variant was associated with overall survival (HR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.05-1.75) and rs7975232 (ApaI) with progression-free survival (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.56). The rs2228570 (FokI) variant was associated with overall survival in lung cancer patients (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.0-1.57), with a suggestive association across all cancers (HR=1.26, 95% CI: 0.96-1.56). CONCLUSIONS Higher 25OHD concentration is associated with better cancer outcome, and the observed association of functional variants in vitamin D pathway genes with outcome supports a causal link. This analysis provides powerful background rationale to instigate clinical trials to investigate the potential beneficial effect of vitamin D in the context of stratification by genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Vaughan-Shaw
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH42XU, UK
| | - F O'Sullivan
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 24, Republic of Ireland
| | - S M Farrington
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH42XU, UK
| | - E Theodoratou
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH42XU, UK
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH164UX, UK
| | - H Campbell
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH42XU, UK
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH164UX, UK
| | - M G Dunlop
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH42XU, UK
| | - L Zgaga
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 24, Republic of Ireland
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Vyas N, Companioni RC, Tiba M, Alkhawam H, Catalano C, Sogomonian R, Baum J, Walfish A. Association between serum vitamin D levels and gastric cancer: A retrospective chart analysis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:688-694. [PMID: 27672427 PMCID: PMC5027024 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i9.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine whether there is an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma associated with vitamin D deficiency (VDd).
METHODS A retrospective case control study was performed of all patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma between 2005 and 2015. After we excluded the patients without a documented vitamin D level, 49 patients were included in our study.
RESULTS The average age of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and documented vitamin D level was 64 years old (95%CI: 27-86) and average vitamin D level was 20.8 mg/dL (95%CI: 4-44). Compared to a matched control group, the prevalence of VDd/insufficiency in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than normal vitamin D levels (83.7% vs 16.3%). Forty-one patients (83.7%) with adenocarcinoma showed VDd/insufficiency compared to 18 (37%) patients with normal vitamin D level without gastric cancer (OR: 8.8, 95%CI: 5-22, P value < 0.0001). The average age of males with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosis was 60 years old vs 68 years old for females (P = 0.01). Stage II gastric adenocarcinoma was the most prevalent in our study (37%).
CONCLUSION We reported a positive relationship between VDd and gastric adenocarcinoma, that is to say, patients with decreased VDd levels have an increased propensity for gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Chang S, Gao L, Yang Y, Tong D, Guo B, Liu L, Li Z, Song T, Huang C. miR-145 mediates the antiproliferative and gene regulatory effects of vitamin D3 by directly targeting E2F3 in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:7675-85. [PMID: 25762621 PMCID: PMC4480708 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
VitaminD3 signaling is involved in inhibiting the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC), while the active vitamin D metabolite 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3)-mediated gene regulatory mechanisms in GC remain unclear. We found that miR-145 is induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 in a dose- and vitamin D receptor (VDR)-dependent manner in GC cells. Inhibition of miR-145 reverses the antiproliferative effect of 1,25(OH)2D3. Furthermore, miR-145 expression was lower in tumors compared with matched normal samples and correlated with increased the E2F3 transcription factor protein staining. Overexpression of miR-145 inhibited colony formation, cell viability and induced cell arrest in S-phase in GC cells by targeting E2F3 and CDK6. miR-145 inhibition consistently abrogates the 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated suppression of E2F3, CDK6, CDK2 and CCNA2 genes. Altogether, our results indicate that miR-145 mediates the antiproliferative and gene regulatory effects of vitamin D3 in GC cells and might hold promise for prognosis and therapeutic strategies for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su'e Chang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Tong
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Bo Guo
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Liying Liu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zongfang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Tusheng Song
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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36
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Changes in fat-soluble vitamin levels after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Surg Today 2016; 47:145-150. [PMID: 27226020 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-016-1341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Several authors have reported the relationship between gastric cancer risk and vitamins. However, there are few reports on fat-soluble vitamins after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Fat malabsorption and suppression of food intake after gastrectomy for gastric cancer have been previously documented. Because of fat malabsorption and suppression of food intake, a potential deficiency in fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K, has been readily suggested. In about 20 % of patients, the serum vitamin E levels were decreased. Indeed, vitamin E deficiency is a common complication after gastrectomy. Continuous vitamin E deficiency could develop from neurological symptoms, i.e., peripheral neuropathy, limb or truncal ataxia. The total cholesterol level is associated with the vitamin E levels. However, the serum vitamin A levels were decreased in only 1.8 % of patients. In total gastrectomy cases, the serum vitamin A level may readily decrease. In contrast, 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D deficiency, which is the most active vitamin D metabolite, is rare. Additionally, vitamin K deficiency after gastrectomy has not been reported thus far. Evidence that serum fat-soluble vitamin levels may decrease after gastrectomy for gastric cancer has not been established yet. Future research must explore fat-soluble vitamin deficiency after gastrectomy.
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Chen LW, Chien CY, Hsieh CW, Chang LC, Huang MH, Huang WY, Kuo SF, Chien CH, Lin CL, Chien RN. The Associations Between Helicobacter pylori Infection, Serum Vitamin D, and Metabolic Syndrome: A Community-Based Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3616. [PMID: 27149497 PMCID: PMC4863814 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The associations between Helicobacter pylori infection, serum vitamin D level, and metabolic syndrome (MS) are controversial. The present community-based study aimed to investigate the effect of H pylori infection and serum vitamin D deficiency on MS development.Individuals from the northeastern region of Taiwan were enrolled in a community-based study from March, 2014 to August, 2015. All participants completed a demographic survey and underwent the urea breath test (UBT) to detect H pylori infection as well as blood tests to determine levels of vitamin D, adiponectin, leptin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. The ATP III criteria for MS were used in this study.A total of 792 men and 1321 women were enrolled. The mean age was 56.4 ± 13.0 years. After adjusting for age and sex, the estimated odds of MS development for a UBT-positive subject were 1.503 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.206-1.872, P < 0.001) when compared to a UBT-negative subject. For participants with vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL), the odds of MS development were 1.423 (95% CI: 1.029-1.967, P = 0.033) when compared to those with sufficient vitamin D level (>30 ng/mL). For participants with both H pylori infection and vitamin D deficiency, the odds of MS development were 2.140 (95% CI: 1.348-3.398, P = 0.001) when compared to subjects without H pylori infection and with sufficient vitamin D levels.H pylori infection and vitamin D deficiency could be predictors of MS. For individuals with both H pylori infection and vitamin D deficiency, the odds of MS development were 2.140 when compared to individuals without H pylori infection and with sufficient vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (L-WC, C-HC, C-LL, R-NC), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center (L-WC, C-YC, CWH, S-FK, C-HC, C-LL, R-NC), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Anatomic Pathology (L-CC, M-HH, W-YH), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan; and Metabolism and Endocrinology (S-FK), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan
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Vashi PG, Edwin P, Popiel B, Gupta D. The relationship between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in newly diagnosed advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:1012. [PMID: 26704811 PMCID: PMC4691020 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-2043-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], the major circulating form of vitamin D used for evaluating the vitamin D status of patients, has been associated with survival in a variety of cancers with conflicting evidence. We aimed to investigate this association in newly diagnosed advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS This was a consecutive cohort of 359 newly diagnosed stages III-IV NSCLC patients who underwent a baseline serum 25(OH)D evaluation prior to receiving any treatment at our institution between January 2008 and December 2010. We used the vitamin D categories of "deficient (<20 ng/ml)" and "not deficient (> = 20 ng/ml)". Cox regression was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of serum 25(OH)D after adjusting for relevant confounders. RESULTS Mean age at diagnosis was 57.4 years. Of the 359 patients, 151 (42.1 %) were deficient in vitamin D at the time of diagnosis. The median survival in deficient and not deficient cohorts was 11.7 and 12.8 months respectively (p = 0.06). Season of diagnosis, performance status, smoking status and hospital location significantly predicted vitamin D status. On univariate Cox analysis, gender, stage of disease, hospital location, histologic subtype, subjective global assessment (SGA), performance status, smoking status, body mass index and serum albumin were significantly associated with survival (p <0.05 for all). On multivariate Cox analysis, six variables demonstrated statistically significant associations with survival: stage of disease, hospital location, histologic subtype, SGA, smoking status and serum albumin (p <0.05 for all). Serum vitamin D, which was borderline significant in univariate analysis, lost its significance in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS We found season of diagnosis, performance status and smoking history to be predictive of vitamin D status. Consistent with previously published research in advanced NSCLC, we did not find any significant association between pre-treatment serum 25(OH)D and survival in our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj G Vashi
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America® (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, 2520 Elisha Ave, Zion, IL, 60099, USA.
| | - Persis Edwin
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America® (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, 2520 Elisha Ave, Zion, IL, 60099, USA.
| | - Brenten Popiel
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America® (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, 2520 Elisha Ave, Zion, IL, 60099, USA.
| | - Digant Gupta
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America® (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, 2520 Elisha Ave, Zion, IL, 60099, USA.
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Mostowska A, Sajdak S, Pawlik P, Lianeri M, Jagodzinski PP. Polymorphic variants in the vitamin D pathway genes and the risk of ovarian cancer among non-carriers of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1181-1188. [PMID: 26893716 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have produced inconsistent results regarding the contribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene to ovarian cancer (OC) in various ethnicities. Additionally, little has been established with regard to the role of SNPs located in the retinoid X receptor α (RXRA), vitamin D-binding protein [also know as group-specific component (GC)] and VDR genes in non-carriers of the breast cancer 1/2 early onset (BRCA1/BRCA2) gene mutations. All participating individuals in the present study were evaluated for BRCA1 mutations (5382incC, C61G and 4153delA) with HybProbe assays, and for BRCA2 mutation (5946delT) using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. The associations of 8 SNPs located in RXRA, GC and VDR were investigated in OC patients without the BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations (n=245) and healthy controls (n=465). Genotyping of RXRA rs10881578 and rs10776909, and GC rs1155563 and rs2298849 SNPs was conducted by HRM analysis, while RXRA rs749759, GC rs7041, VDR BsmI rs1544410 and FokI rs2228570 genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. In addition, the gene-gene interactions among all tested SNPs were studied using the epistasis option in PLINK software. The lowest P-values of the trend test were identified for VDR rs1544410 and GC rs2298849 as Ptrend=0.012 and Ptrend=0.029, respectively. It was also found that, in the dominant inheritance model, VDR BsmI contributed to an increased risk of OC [odds ratio (OR), 1.570; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.136-2.171; P=0.006; Pcorr=0.048]. The gene-gene interaction analysis indicated a significant interaction between RXRA rs749759 and VDR FokI rs2228570 (OR for interaction, 1.687; χ2=8.278; asymptotic P-value=0.004; Pcorr=0.032). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that certain VDR and RXRA SNPs may be risk factors for OC in non-carriers of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations in the Polish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Mostowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-781, Poland
| | - Stefan Sajdak
- Clinic of Gynecological Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-781, Poland
| | - Piotr Pawlik
- Clinic of Gynecological Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-781, Poland
| | - Margarita Lianeri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-781, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodzinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-781, Poland
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Tagliabue E, Raimondi S, Gandini S. Vitamin D, Cancer Risk, and Mortality. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2015; 75:1-52. [PMID: 26319903 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Antiproliferative effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the biologically active form of vitamin D, are well established in various cell types by influencing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation, growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Several meta-analyses showed that low serum levels of 25(OH)D was associated with colorectal cancer and overall mortality, while the association with cancer mortality was less consistent. VDR is a crucial mediator for the cellular effects of vitamin D and conflicting data have been reported for most malignancies. Beyond VDR, the biological effects of vitamin D are mediated by the vitamin D-binding protein. The GC (group-specific component) gene, encoding DBP, is highly polymorphic and several polymorphisms were investigated in association with cancer development with controversial results. Vitamin D supplementation was found to be associated with a reduced risk of overall mortality, reviewing all published trials on healthy subjects, whereas the evidence of an effect on cancer risk and mortality is less clear. Furthermore, long-term health effects of high doses of vitamin D, extended duration of supplementation, and the association with different baseline vitamin D levels remain to be investigated. In summary, epidemiological and preclinical studies support the development of vitamin D as preventative and therapeutic anticancer agents, with significant associations especially found for low vitamin D status with overall mortality and cancer outcome, more than cancer incidence. However, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn and only large randomized clinical trials, both in healthy subjects and in cancer patients, will allow to draw definitive conclusions on the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cancer risk, prognosis, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tagliabue
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Raimondi
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
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Wyatt C, Lucas RM, Hurst C, Kimlin MG. Vitamin D deficiency at melanoma diagnosis is associated with higher Breslow thickness. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126394. [PMID: 25970336 PMCID: PMC4430535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence shows that people with thicker, or higher stage, melanomas have lower vitamin D status compared to those with thinner tumours. Evidence from experimental studies is inconsistent, but some suggest that administration of vitamin D metabolites can decrease tumour aggressiveness. OBJECTIVES Determine the relationship between vitamin D status at diagnosis and melanoma thickness (as an indicator of prognosis), in a subtropical setting with high melanoma incidence. METHODS We recruited 100 melanoma patients in Brisbane, Australia within days of their diagnosis. Data on factors previously associated with melanoma risk or prognosis were collected by questionnaire and physical examination. Serum for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] levels was collected prior to wider excision biopsy; histological indicators of prognosis were obtained from pathology reports. We used multivariable logistic regression models to analyse the association between Breslow thickness (≥0.75 mm compared to <0.75 mm), Clark level (2-5 compared to 1) and presence of mitoses, and vitamin D status. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L (versus ≥50 nmol/L) was associated with a nearly four-fold increase in risk of having a thicker tumour (Adjusted OR = 3.82, 95% CI: 1.03, 14.14; p = 0.04, adjusted for age, sex, skin phototype, body mass index and season at diagnosis). There was no significant association with Clark level or presence of mitosis. Serum 25(OH)D levels in the highest quartile (≥69.8 nmol/L) were not associated with a more favourable prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency at the time of melanoma diagnosis is associated with thicker tumours that are likely to have a poorer prognosis. Ensuring vitamin D levels of 50 nmol/L or higher in this population could potentially result in 18% of melanomas having Breslow thickness of <0.75 mm rather than ≥0.75 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candy Wyatt
- AusSun Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Robyn M. Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Cameron Hurst
- Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Michael G. Kimlin
- AusSun Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Gupta D, Trukova K, Popiel B, Lammersfeld C, Vashi PG. The association between pre-treatment serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in newly diagnosed stage IV prostate cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119690. [PMID: 25774530 PMCID: PMC4361634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Emerging evidence in the literature suggests a positive association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], a standard indicator of vitamin D status, and survival in certain types of cancer. We investigated this relationship in newly diagnosed stage IV prostate cancer patients. Methods A consecutive cohort of 125 newly diagnosed stage IV prostate cancer patients underwent a baseline serum 25(OH)D evaluation prior to receiving any treatment at our institution between January 2008 and December 2011. We used the vitamin D categories of “deficient (<20 ng/ml)”, “insufficient (20 to 32 ng/ml)”, and “sufficient (>32 ng/ml)”. Cox regression was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of serum 25(OH)D after adjusting for relevant confounders. Results Mean age at diagnosis was 60 years. Of the 125 patients, 32 (25.6%) were deficient, 49 (39.2%) were insufficient and 44 (35.2%) were sufficient in vitamin D at the time of diagnosis. The median survival in deficient, insufficient and sufficient cohorts was 47.8, 44.0 and 52.6 months respectively (p = 0.60). On univariate analysis, four variables demonstrated a statistically significant association with survival: nutritional status, bone metastasis, corrected serum calcium and serum albumin (p<0.05 for all). On multivariate analysis, five variables demonstrated statistically significant associations with survival: hospital location, age, bone metastasis, serum albumin and corrected serum calcium (p<0.05 for all). Serum vitamin D status was not significant on either univariate or multivariate analysis. Conclusion Contrary to previously published research, we found no significant association between pre-treatment serum 25(OH)D and survival in newly diagnosed stage IV prostate cancer patients. The lack of a significant association between serum vitamin D and survival in our study could perhaps be due to the fact that the disease was far too advanced in our patients for vitamin D levels to have any impact on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digant Gupta
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristen Trukova
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Brenten Popiel
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Lammersfeld
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Pankaj G. Vashi
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Illinois, United States of America
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Wong G, Lim WH, Lewis J, Craig JC, Turner R, Zhu K, Lim EM, Prince R. Vitamin D and cancer mortality in elderly women. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:106. [PMID: 25884436 PMCID: PMC4356107 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for cancer, however it remains uncertain whether vitamin D deficiency also predisposes to death from cancer. The aim of the study was to determine the association between serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25 (OH) D) concentrations and cancer-specific mortality in a community-based cohort of older post-menopausal women. Methods Cox proportional regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between serum 25 (OH) D concentrations and the risk of overall and site-specific cancer mortality in a cohort of elderly women. Results Over a median follow-up time of 10 years, a total of 84 cancer deaths were observed. Women with lower serum 25 (OH) D concentrations were at an increased risk of cancer death, but not for incident cancer. The excess risk for cancer death was observed with serum 25 (OH) D concentration less than 64 nmol/L (the median value) [adjusted HR: 1.61 (95% CI: 1.02 - 2.54, p = 0.04]. For every 30 nmol/L reduction in serum 25 (OH) D concentrations, there was a 30% increase in the overall risk of cancer death [adjusted HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.03 – 1.72, p = 0.02]. The excess risk appeared to be site-specific and greatest in those with haematological cancers [adjusted HR: 2.13: 95% CI: 1.0 – 4.55, p = 0.05]. Conclusions In elderly women, lower serum 25 (OH) D concentrations appear to be an independent risk factor for cancer-specific mortality, but not a risk factor for the development of cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1112-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germaine Wong
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia. .,School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. .,Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Hospital Westmead, Westmead, Australia.
| | - Wai Hon Lim
- University of Western Australia School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia. .,Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.
| | - Joshua Lewis
- University of Western Australia School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia. .,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.
| | - Jonathan C Craig
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia. .,School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Robin Turner
- School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Kathy Zhu
- University of Western Australia School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia. .,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- PathWest, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.
| | - Richard Prince
- University of Western Australia School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia. .,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.
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Courbebaisse M, Alberti C, Colas S, Prié D, Souberbielle JC, Treluyer JM, Thervet E. VITamin D supplementation in renAL transplant recipients (VITALE): a prospective, multicentre, double-blind, randomized trial of vitamin D estimating the benefit and safety of vitamin D3 treatment at a dose of 100,000 UI compared with a dose of 12,000 UI in renal transplant recipients: study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Trials 2014; 15:430. [PMID: 25376735 PMCID: PMC4233037 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to their effects on bone health, high doses of cholecalciferol may have beneficial non-classic effects including the reduction of incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. These pleiotropic effects have been documented in observational and experimental studies or in small intervention trials. Vitamin D insufficiency is a frequent finding in renal transplant recipients (RTRs), and this population is at risk of the previously cited complications. Methods/design The VITALE study is a prospective, multicentre, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial with two parallel groups that will include a total of 640 RTRs. RTRs with vitamin D insufficiency, defined as circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of less than 30 ng/ml (or 75 nmol/l), will be randomized between 12 and 48 months after transplantation to blinded groups to receive vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) either at high or low dose (respectively, 100,000 UI or 12,000 UI every 2 weeks for 2 months then monthly for 22 months) with a follow-up of 2 years. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the benefit/risk ratio of high-dose versus low-dose cholecalciferol on a composite endpoint consisting of de novo diabetes mellitus; major cardiovascular events; de novo cancer; and patient death. Secondary endpoints will include blood pressure (BP) control; echocardiography findings; the incidences of infection and acute rejection episodes; renal allograft function using estimated glomerular filtration rate; proteinuria; graft survival; bone mineral density; the incidence of fractures; and biological relevant parameters of mineral metabolism. Discussion We previously reported that the intensive cholecalciferol treatment (100 000 IU every 2 weeks for 2 months) was safe in RTR. Using a pharmacokinetic approach, we showed that cholecalciferol 100,000 IU monthly should maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at above 30 ng/ml but below 80 ng/ml after renal transplantation. Taken together, these results are reassuring regarding the safety of the cholecalciferol doses that will be used in the VITALE study. Analysis of data collected during the VITALE study will demonstrate whether high or low-dose cholecalciferol is beneficial in RTRs with vitamin D insufficiency. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01431430. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-430) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Courbebaisse
- Department of Physiology, Assistance Publique-hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France.
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Hargrove L, Francis T, Francis H. Vitamin D and GI cancers: shedding some light on dark diseases. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2014; 2:9. [PMID: 25332985 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2013.03.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
VITAMIN D SYNTHESIS AND SIGNALING AFFECTS NUMEROUS CELLULAR PROCESSES INCLUDING: proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It is now commonly recognized that low levels of vitamin D are associated with a greater risk of tumorigenesis. Cancers of the gastrointestinal tract are most often difficult to diagnose and treat as patients typically present with progressed disease. Basic research, clinical trials and population studies have supported the concept that treatment with Vitamin D may be a therapeutic option when treating GI cancers, however treatments must be individualized and monitored closely as the side effects from Vitamin D treatment can be increasingly harmful. This review will highlight the most recent findings regarding Vitamin D signaling and GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hargrove
- 1 Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, 2 Division of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Scott & White Healthcare and Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Taylor Francis
- 1 Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, 2 Division of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Scott & White Healthcare and Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Heather Francis
- 1 Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, 2 Division of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Scott & White Healthcare and Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76504, USA
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Li M, Chen P, Li J, Chu R, Xie D, Wang H. Review: the impacts of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels on cancer patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:2327-36. [PMID: 24780061 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-4320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] may affect the prognosis of cancer patients; however, the epidemiological results are not consistent. OBJECTIVE To perform a meta-analysis of all published studies to assess the associations of circulating 25(OH)D levels measured at or near the time of diagnosis and outcomes for cancer patients. DATA SOURCES Searches of the PubMed and MEDLINE databases were performed and updated to December 2013. STUDY SELECTION Studies reporting an association between circulating 25(OH)D levels at or near the time of diagnosis and outcomes for the patients were included. DATA EXTRACTION Data extraction was performed independently by two authors, and conflicts were resolved by a third investigator. DATA SYNTHESIS Included in the meta-analysis were 25 studies with 17 332 cases. Significant associations between circulating 25(OH)D levels at or near the time of diagnosis and the outcomes for cancer patients were found. The pooled hazard ratio for the highest vs the lowest quartile of circulating 25(OH)D levels was 0.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33-0.91) for overall survival of colorectal cancer patients, 0.63 (95% CI = 0.51-0.77) for breast cancer patients, and 0.48 (95% CI = 0.36-0.64) for lymphoma patients. Higher 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with reduced cancer-specific mortality for patients with colorectal cancer (P = .005) and lymphoma (P < .001) and improved disease-free survival for patients with breast cancer (P < .001) or lymphoma (P < .05). A 10-nmol/L increment in circulating 25(OH)D levels conferred a hazard ratio of 0.96 (95% CI = 0.95-0.97) for overall survival of the cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that cancer patients with higher circulating 25(OH)D levels at or near the time of diagnosis have better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research (M.L., P.C., J.L., R.C., D.X., H.W.), Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment (D.X., H.W.), Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China; and School of Life Science and Technology (D.X., H.W.), Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Toriola AT, Nguyen N, Scheitler-Ring K, Colditz GA. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Prognosis among Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:917-33. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Robsahm TE, Schwartz GG, Tretli S. The Inverse Relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Survival: Discussion of Causation. Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:1439-55. [PMID: 24202453 PMCID: PMC3875947 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5041439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer mortality rates vary inversely with geographic latitude and solar ultraviolet-B doses. This relationship may be due to an inhibitory role of vitamin D on cancer development. The relationship between vitamin D and cancer appears to be stronger for studies of cancer mortality than incidence. Because cancer mortality reflects both cancer incidence and survival, the difference may be due to effects of vitamin D on cancer survival. Here we review analytic epidemiologic studies investigating the relation between vitamin D, measured by circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), and cancer survival. A relationship between low 25-OHD levels and poor survival is shown by most of the reviewed studies. This relationship is likely to be causal when viewed in light of most criteria for assessing causality (temporality, strength, exposure-response, biological plausibility and consistency). A serum level of 25-OHD around 50 nmol/L appears to be a threshold level. Conversely, there are several mechanisms whereby cancer could lower serum levels of 25-OHD. The severity of disease at the time of diagnosis and time of serum sampling are key factors to clarify the temporal aspect of these relationships. Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could retard the disease process or prolong survival time would be key evidence, but is difficult to generate. However, recent clinical trial results in prostate cancer support a role for vitamin D in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trude E Robsahm
- The Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-based Cancer Research, Oslo 0304, Norway.
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Cho M, Peddi PF, Ding K, Chen L, Thomas D, Wang J, Lockhart AC, Tan B, Wang-Gillam A. Vitamin D deficiency and prognostics among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2013; 11:206. [PMID: 24011168 PMCID: PMC3844423 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients with cancer has been previously reported. Because vitamin D is fat soluble, patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma may have an especially high risk of vitamin D deficiency in association with ongoing and varying degrees of malabsorption. However, little is known about the correlation between vitamin D status and prognosis in these patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of vitamin D status in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who were treated at Siteman Cancer Center. Patients' demographic information, clinical staging at the time of vitamin D assessment, vitamin D levels, and survival data were collected. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level of less than 20 ng/mL, and vitamin D insufficiency was defined as a 25(OH)D level of between 20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL. RESULTS Between December 2007 and June 2011, 178 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma had their vitamin D levels checked at the time of initial visit at this center. Of these 178 patients, 87 (49%) had vitamin D deficiency, and 44 (25%) had vitamin D insufficiency. The median 25(OH)D level was significantly lower among nonwhite patients and among patients with stage I and II disease. A 25(OH)D level of less than 20 ng/mL was found to be associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.0019) in patients with stage III and IV disease. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were prevalent among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The vitamin D level appears to be prognostic for patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and its effects should be further examined in a prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Cho
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Parvin F Peddi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Ding
- Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ling Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Denise Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Division of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Albert C Lockhart
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Benjamin Tan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrea Wang-Gillam
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Teleni L, Baker J, Koczwara B, Kimlin MG, Walpole E, Tsai K, Isenring EA. Clinical outcomes of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation in cancer patients. Nutr Rev 2013; 71:611-21. [DOI: 10.1111/nure.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline Baker
- School of Human Movement Studies; University of Queensland; Brisbane; Queensland; Australia
| | - Bogda Koczwara
- Department of Medical Oncology; Flinders Medical Centre; Adelaide; South Australia; Australia
| | - Michael G Kimlin
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Sun and Health and AusSun Research Lab; Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane; Australia
| | - Euan Walpole
- Division of Cancer Services; Princess Alexandra Hospital; Brisbane; Queensland; Australia
| | - Kathy Tsai
- School of Human Movement Studies; University of Queensland; Brisbane; Queensland; Australia
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