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Safra N, Hitchens PL, Maverakis E, Mitra A, Korff C, Johnson E, Kol A, Bannasch MJ, Pedersen NC, Bannasch DL. Serum levels of innate immunity cytokines are elevated in dogs with metaphyseal osteopathy (hypertrophic osteodytrophy) during active disease and remission. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 179:32-5. [PMID: 27590423 PMCID: PMC5570445 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metaphyseal osteopathy (MO) (hypertrophic osteodystrophy) is a developmental disorder of unexplained etiology affecting dogs during rapid growth. Affected dogs experience relapsing episodes of lytic/sclerotic metaphyseal lesions and systemic inflammation. MO is rare in the general dog population; however, some breeds (Weimaraner, Great Dane and Irish Setter) have a much higher incidence, supporting a hereditary etiology. Autoinflammatory childhood disorders of parallel presentation such as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), and deficiency of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (DIRA), involve impaired innate immunity pathways and aberrant cytokine production. Given the similarities between these diseases, we hypothesize that MO is an autoinflammatory disease mediated by cytokines involved in innate immunity. To characterize immune dysregulation in MO dogs we measured serum levels of inflammatory markers in 26 MO and 102 control dogs. MO dogs had significantly higher levels (pg/ml) of serum Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-18, IL-6, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-10. Notably, recovered MO dogs were not different from dogs during active MO disease, providing a suggestive mechanism for disease predisposition. This is the first documentation of elevated immune markers in MO dogs, uncovering an immune profile similar to comparable autoinflammatory disorders in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Safra
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Peta L Hitchens
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 8, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, 3301 C Street, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA
| | - Anupam Mitra
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, 3301 C Street, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA
| | - Courtney Korff
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Eric Johnson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Amir Kol
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michael J Bannasch
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Niels C Pedersen
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Danika L Bannasch
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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