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Chauhan S, Shafi T, Dubey BK, Chowdhury S. Biochar-mediated removal of pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous matrices via adsorption. WASTE DISPOSAL & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2022; 5:37-62. [PMID: 36568572 PMCID: PMC9757639 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-022-00118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical is one of the noteworthy classes of emerging contaminants. These biologically active compounds pose a range of deleterious impacts on human health and the environment. This is attributed to their refractory behavior, poor biodegradability, and pseudopersistent nature. Their large-scale production by pharmaceutical industries and subsequent widespread utilization in hospitals, community health centers, and veterinary facilities, among others, have significantly increased the occurrence of pharmaceutical residues in various environmental compartments. Several technologies are currently being evaluated to eliminate pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) from aqueous environments. Among them, adsorption appears as the most viable treatment option because of its operational simplicity and low cost. Intensive research and development efforts are, therefore, currently underway to develop inexpensive adsorbents for the effective abatement of PCs. Although numerous adsorbents have been investigated for the removal of PCs in recent years, biochar-based adsorbents have garnered tremendous scientific attention to eliminate PCs from aqueous matrices because of their decent specific surface area, tunable surface chemistry, scalable production, and environmentally benign nature. This review, therefore, attempts to provide an overview of the latest progress in the application of biochar for the removal of PCs from wastewater. Additionally, the fundamental knowledge gaps in the domain knowledge are identified and novel strategic research guidelines are laid out to make further advances in this promising approach towards sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Chauhan
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Tajamul Shafi
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Brajesh Kumar Dubey
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Shamik Chowdhury
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
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Curtin AM, Thibodeau MC, Buckley HL. Anti-biofouling efficacy of three home and personal care product preservatives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm inhibition and prevention. BIOFOULING 2021; 37:879-893. [PMID: 34628997 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1978988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to increasing water scarcity, it is essential to determine cost-effective and efficient methods of producing potable water, especially ones that utilize non-traditional sources. Although reverse osmosis (RO) shows promise as a key-player in mitigating water scarcity, it is limited by biofouling. It is therefore integral to identify effective antifoulants that also do not damage the membrane, cause resistance, or negatively impact human health and the environment. Potential antifoulants include preservatives used in home and personal care products. It is hypothesized that safer preservatives can be applied to RO systems to remove or prevent biofouling. Three preservatives including methylisothiazolinone (MIT), phenoxyethanol (PE), and sodium benzoate (SB) were tested via antimicrobial susceptibility tests against P. aeruginosa biofilms grown in 96-well plates to investigate both biofilm prevention and biofilm removal. Data were collected in the form of minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), respectively. MIT was the most effective of the three preservatives but also poses the highest hazard to human health and the environment. Due to efficacy and safety concerns, MIT, PE, and SB are not the final solution; however, a process was demonstrated for determining the efficacy of novel, safer antifoulants. Ultimately, further investigations into safer antifoulants, paired with a greater understanding of biofilm removal and prevention doses will help make RO a better solution for water scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Curtin
- Green Safe Water Lab, Civil Engineering Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - M C Thibodeau
- Green Safe Water Lab, Civil Engineering Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - H L Buckley
- Green Safe Water Lab, Civil Engineering Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Pesaran Afsharian Y, Hedayatpour M, Jamshidi S. Amoxicillin separation from aqueous solution by negatively charged silica composite membrane. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:121-131. [PMID: 34150223 PMCID: PMC8172706 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silica composite membranes were successfully prepared by acid/ base-catalyzed sol-gel method and characterized by SEM, FTIR, AFM and contact angle Low isoelectric point of the silica layers provided negatively charged composite membranes, resulting electrostatic repulsion forces between membrane surface and amoxicillin molecules at higher pHs. The rejection rate of amoxicillin was studied systematically at different pHs, solute concentrations, transmembrane pressures and temperatures. It was found that acid-catalyzed membrane has higher amoxicillin rejection ratio compared to base-catalyzed membrane. Especially, acid-catalyzed membrane achieved the highest rejection of 90% at the transmembrane pressure of 6 bar, 45 °C, pH = 10, and initial feed concentration of 50 ppm. Long term stability exhibit that the membrane performance in permeation flux was steady for up to 100 h. However, the AMX rejection of 89% was maintained for over 250 h in acid-catalyzed membrane. It was concluded that the use of negatively charged ceramic membranes is promising for removal of amoxicillin from water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrab Hedayatpour
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sona Jamshidi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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Tamaddon F, Mosslemin MH, Asadipour A, Gharaghani MA, Nasiri A. Microwave-assisted preparation of ZnFe2O4@methyl cellulose as a new nano-biomagnetic photocatalyst for photodegradation of metronidazole. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1036-1049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Rahman N, Varshney P. Assessment of ampicillin removal efficiency from aqueous solution by polydopamine/zirconium(iv) iodate: optimization by response surface methodology. RSC Adv 2020; 10:20322-20337. [PMID: 35520451 PMCID: PMC9054210 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02061c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydopamine/zirconium(iv) iodate was prepared by incorporating polydopamine into zirconium iodate gel and studied as an effective adsorbent for ampicillin. In order to characterize the prepared composite, FTIR, XRD, TGA-DTA, SEM and TEM were used. The effects of experimental variables on ampicillin removal were examined using response surface methodology. The optimum conditions for ampicillin removal were 7, 130 min, 20 mg/20 mL and 50 mg L-1 for pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial ampicillin concentration, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the maximum ampicillin removal percentage was found to be 99.12%. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models explained the removal process more appropriately. The maximum adsorption capacity at 303 K was 100.0 mg g-1. Thermodynamic study revealed that the ampicillin adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The reusability of the prepared material was also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafisur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 INDIA
| | - Poornima Varshney
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 INDIA
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Korniłłowicz-Kowalska T, Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk K. Growth conditions, physiological properties, and selection of optimal parameters of biodegradation of anticancer drug daunomycin in industrial effluents by Bjerkandera adusta CCBAS930. Int Microbiol 2020; 23:287-301. [PMID: 31720871 PMCID: PMC7231800 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-019-00102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study characterizes the anamorphic Bjerkandera adusta strain CCBAS 930, including growth conditions, physiological properties, and enzymatic activities related to basic metabolism and specific properties coupled with the fungal secondary metabolism. It was established that the fungus grows in a wide pH range (3.5-7.5), up to 3% of salt concentration and a temperature of 5-30 °C. Media rich in natural organic components (potato, maize extracts, whey) are optimal for biomass propagation. Minimal media, containing mineral salts and glucose as well as static growth conditions, are required to obtain idiophasic mycelium, equivalent to the secondary metabolism of the fungus. Of the 7 complex C, N, and energy sources tested, the strain did not utilize only fibrous cellulose. Lipolytic activity reached the highest values of the enzymatic activities corresponding to those capabilities. The specific properties of strain B. adusta CCBAS 930 determined by the production of HRP-like peroxidase were related to the decolorization and biodegradation of anthraquinone derivative daunomycin. The decolorization of 30% of daunomycin effluents occurred most rapidly in iso-osmotic medium and non-enriched with nitrogen, containing 0.25% glucose, pH = 5.0-6.0, and 25-30 °C. In agitated cultures, the strain decolorized solutions of daunomycin by biosorption, which coincided with the inhibition of aerial mycelium production and HRP-like biosynthesis. Based on knowledge, potential and real possibilities of using the strain in bioremediation of colored industrial sewage were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Korniłłowicz-Kowalska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Laboratory of Mycology, The University of Life Sciences, Leszczyńskiego Street 7, 20-069, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Laboratory of Mycology, The University of Life Sciences, Leszczyńskiego Street 7, 20-069, Lublin, Poland.
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Removal of sarafloxacin from aqueous solution by a magnetized metal-organic framework; Artificial neural network modeling. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rocha ACDL, Kligerman DC, Oliveira JLDM. Panorama da pesquisa sobre tratamento e reúso de efluentes da indústria de antibióticos. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042019s312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Este trabalho realizou uma revisão integrativa de artigos científicos indexados entre 2007 e 2017 em diferentes bases de dados sobre o tratamento e o reúso de efluentes provenientes da indústria de antibióticos. Foram encontrados 31 artigos, sendo que somente 4 abordaram o reúso de efluente, e 1 utilizou um sistema de tratamento em escala real. A maior parte desses estudos foi realizado na Ásia, com destaque para a China. Observa-se que, no Brasil, que é um dos grandes produtores e consumidores de fármacos do mundo, esse tipo de pesquisa ainda é incipiente. Os processos mais encontrados foram os oxidativos avançados que mostraram maior eficiência na remoção de antibióticos, mas podem gerar subprodutos, o que pode representar um risco ainda maior dependendo da substância formada. Os processos biológicos devem ser primeiramente aclimatados aos antibióticos para não serem impactados, entretanto, a liberação desses micro-organismos resistentes no corpo receptor também apresenta um risco ambiental. Os sistemas integrados de membranas ao biológico também foram bem eficientes, mas atenta-se ao risco na destinação final dessas membranas que foram capazes de reter esses compostos. No geral, são necessários mais estudos sobre essa abordagem para reduzir os riscos no desenvolvimento de micro-organismos multirresistentes no meio ambiente.
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Alonso JJS, El Kori N, Melián-Martel N, Del Río-Gamero B. Removal of ciprofloxacin from seawater by reverse osmosis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 217:337-345. [PMID: 29621700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Much of the deterioration of water resources is anthropogenically caused as a consequence of the incessant production of chemical compounds to obtain the quality of life that society demands today. This constant presence and harmful accumulation of these pollutants in different ecosystems have seen them emerge as a major concern both for human health and for environmental safety. Scientific advances have succeeded in legislating against, reducing and even eliminating priority pollutants, while new technologies are being constantly developed to identify and treat newly emerging pollutants. The objective of this work is the evaluation of the seawater reverse osmosis membrane as a method for the removal of an antibiotic present in seawater. The novelty of the study is that the tests were undertaken using water of high ionic strength. A critical selection of the antibiotic to be used in the study was carried out. The experiments were performed under constant pressure conditions, employing synthetic seawater in a pilot-scale unit with a commercial spiral-wound reverse osmosis membrane. Results are shown in terms of selectivity of the reverse osmosis process for antibiotic removal. The RO membrane element successfully reject most of the ciprofloxacin (removal rate >90%), with maximum rejection value of 99.96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jaime Sadhwani Alonso
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira Baja, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Nenna El Kori
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira Baja, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - N Melián-Martel
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira Baja, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - B Del Río-Gamero
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira Baja, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Singh J, Saharan V, Kumar S, Gulati P, Kapoor RK. Laccase grafted membranes for advanced water filtration systems: a green approach to water purification technology. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:883-901. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1417234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagdeep Singh
- Enzyme Biotechnology and Waste-water Treatment Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Vicky Saharan
- Enzyme Biotechnology and Waste-water Treatment Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Enzyme Biotechnology and Waste-water Treatment Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja Gulati
- Enzyme Biotechnology and Waste-water Treatment Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Kapoor
- Enzyme Biotechnology and Waste-water Treatment Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Talaeipour M, Nouri J, Hassani AH, Mahvi AH. An investigation of desalination by nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and integrated (hybrid NF/RO) membranes employed in brackish water treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2017; 15:18. [PMID: 28736617 PMCID: PMC5521065 DOI: 10.1186/s40201-017-0279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Background As an appropriate tool, membrane process is used for desalination of brackish water, in the production of drinking water. The present study aims to investigate desalination processes of brackish water of Qom Province in Iran. Methods This study was carried out at the central laboratory of Water and Wastewater Company of the studied area. To this aim, membrane processes, including nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), separately and also their hybrid process were applied. Moreover, water physical and chemical parameters, including salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), electric conductivity (EC), Na+1 and Cl−1 were also measured. Afterward, the rejection percent of each parameter was investigated and compared using nanofiltration and reverse osmosis separately and also by their hybrid process. The treatment process was performed by Luna domestic desalination device, which its membrane was replaced by two NF90 and TW30 membranes for nanofiltration and reverse osmosis processes, respectively. All collected brackish water samples were fed through membranes NF90-2540, TW30-1821-100(RO) and Hybrid (NF/RO) which were installed on desalination household scale pilot (Luna water 100GPD). Then, to study the effects of pressure on permeable quality of membranes, the simulation software model ROSA was applied. Results Results showed that percent of the salinity rejection was recorded as 50.21%; 72.82 and 78.56% in NF, RO and hybrid processes, respectively. During the study, in order to simulate the performance of nanofiltartion, reverse osmosis and hybrid by pressure drive, reverse osmosis system analysis (ROSA) model was applied. The experiments were conducted at performance three methods of desalination to remove physic-chemical parameters as percentage of rejections in the pilot plant are: in the NF system the salinity 50.21, TDS 43.41, EC 43.62, Cl 21.1, Na 36.15, and in the RO membrane the salinity 72.02, TDS 60.26, EC 60.33, Cl 43.08, Na 54.41. Also in case of the rejection in hybrid system of those parameters and ions included salinity 78.65, TDS 76.52, EC 76.42, Cl 63.95, and Na 70.91. Conclusions Comparing rejection percent in three above-mentioned methods, it could be concluded that, in reverse osmosis process, ions and non-ion parameters rejection ability were rather better than nanofiltration process, and also better in hybrid compared to reverse osmosis process. The results reported in this paper indicate that the integration of membrane nanofiltration with reverse osmosis (hybrid NF/RO) can be completed by each other probably to remove salinity, TDS, EC, Cl, and Na.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Talaeipour
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Nouri
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A H Hassani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A H Mahvi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liang S, Lu L, Meng F. DOM-mediated membrane retention of fluoroquinolone as revealed by fluorescence quenching properties. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5372. [PMID: 28710360 PMCID: PMC5511141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05635-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, membrane filtration tests showed that the membrane rejection degree of difloxacin hydrochloride (DFHC) increased significantly in the presence of Suwannee River DOM or Aldrich humic acid (2-10 mg-C/L). Titration experiments showed that the excitation and emission of Peak R belonging to DFHC exhibited blue shifts by 5 nm and 10 nm, respectively, in the presence of DOM. The presence of DFHC can, in turn, lead to more significant overlapping of the fluorescence peaks of the Suwannee River DOM and Aldrich humic acid. The parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of the excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra can well decompose the components belonging to DFHC from the DOM + DFHC mixtures. The maximum fluorescence intensity (FI max) of the antibiotic-like component (C1) sharply decreased upon the initial addition of DOM. More specifically, the Aldrich humic acid showed a larger quenching effect on DFHC than the Suwannee River DOM. The stability constants (K M ) obtained by the Ryan and Weber model also corroborated that the Aldrich humic acid had a much higher binding stability (K M = 4.07 L/mg) than the Suwannee River DOM (K M = 0.86 L/mg). These results have great implications for our understanding of the membrane filtration behavior of trace contaminants in natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Li Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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Bajpai SK, Jhariya S. Selective removal of amikacin from simulated polluted water using molecularly imprinting polymer: A column study. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2016.1201754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Baghapour MA, Shirdarreh MR, Derakhshan Z, Faramarzian M. Modeling Amoxicillin Removal From Aquatic Environments in Biofilters. HEALTH SCOPE 2014. [DOI: 10.17795/jhealthscope-14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hosseinzadeh M, Bidhendi GN, Torabian A, Mehrdadi N. Evaluation of membrane bioreactor for advanced treatment of industrial wastewater and reverse osmosis pretreatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2013; 11:34. [PMID: 24355199 PMCID: PMC3880036 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-11-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for pretreatment of reverse osmosis (RO) in order to reuse and reclamation of industrial town wastewater treatment plant was investigated in this study. Performance of MBR effluent through water quality in term of parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN) and total coliform (TC) were measured. Also Silt density index (SDI) was used as indicator for RO feed water. The results of this study demonstrated that MBR produce a high quality permeate water. Approximately 75%, 98%, 74% and 99.9% removal of COD, TSS, TN and TC were recorded, respectively. Also SDI of the permeate effluent from membrane was below 3 for most of the times. It means that pilot yield a high quality treated effluent from the membrane module which can be used as RO feed water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Torabian
- Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Mehrdadi
- Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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